JavaScript 模板字符串oo

JavaScript 中的模板字符串是一种方便的字符串语法，允许你在字符串中嵌入表达式和变量。

模板字符串使用反引号 `` 作为字符串的定界符分隔的字面量。

模板字面量是用反引号（`）分隔的字面量，允许多行字符串、带嵌入表达式的字符串插值和一种叫带标签的模板的特殊结构。

语法

`string text`

`string text line 1
string text line 2`

`string text ${expression} string text`

tagFunction`string text ${expression} string text`

参数

• string text：将成为模板字面量的一部分的字符串文本。几乎允许所有字符，包括换行符和其他空白字符。但是，除非使用了标签函数，否则无效的转义序列将导致语法错误。

• expression：要插入当前位置的表达式，其值被转换为字符串或传递给 tagFunction。

• tagFunction：如果指定，将使用模板字符串数组和替换表达式调用它，返回值将成为模板字面量的值。

实例

let text = `Hello RUNOOB!`;

尝试一下 »

浏览器支持

模板字面量是 ES6 新特性 (JavaScript 2015)，目前一些最新版本浏览器都支持：

模板字符串中可以同时使用单引号和双引号：

实例

let text = `He's often called "Runoob"`;

尝试一下 »

模板字符串还支持多行文本，而无需使用特殊的转义字符：

实例

const multiLineText = `   This is   a multi-line   text. `;

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若要转义模板字面量中的反引号（`），需在反引号之前加一个反斜杠（\\）。

`\\`` === "`"; // true

模板字面量用反引号（`）括起来，而不是双引号（"）或单引号（'）。

除了普通字符串外，模板字面量还可以包含占位符——一种由美元符号和大括号分隔的嵌入式表达式：${expression}。

字符串和占位符被传递给一个函数（要么是默认函数，要么是自定义函数）。默认函数（当未提供自定义函数时）只执行字符串插值来替换占位符，然后将这些部分拼接到一个字符串中。

模板字符串中允许我们使用变量：

实例

const name = 'Runoob'; const age = 30; const message = `My name is ${name} and I'm ${age} years old.`;

尝试一下 »

以上实例中，${name} 和 ${age} 是模板字符串的表达式部分，它们被包含在 ${} 内部，并在运行时求值。

模板字符串允许你在字符串中引用变量、执行函数调用和进行任意的JavaScript表达式。

模板字符串中允许我们使用表达式：

实例

let price = 10; let VAT = 0.25; let total = `Total: ${(price * (1 + VAT)).toFixed(2)}`;

尝试一下 »

模板字符串当作 HTML 模板使用：

实例

let header = ""; let tags = ["RUNOOB", "GOOGLE", "TAOBAO"]; let html = `<h2>${header}</h2><ul>`; for (const x of tags) {   html += `<li>${x}</li>`; } html += `</ul>`;