在 Ubuntu 20.04 服务器中搭建一个 Ghost 博客

安装 Node.js 和 npm

Ghost 需要 Node.js 环境运行。推荐安装长期支持版本（LTS）的 Node.js。通过以下命令添加 NodeSource 仓库并安装 Node.js 16.x：

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_16.x | sudo -E bash –
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

验证安装是否成功：

node -v
npm -v

安装 MySQL 数据库

Ghost 使用 MySQL 作为默认数据库。安装 MySQL 并创建数据库：

sudo apt-get install mysql-server
sudo mysql_secure_installation

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登录 MySQL 并创建数据库和用户：

sudo mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE ghost_db;
CREATE USER 'ghost_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ghost_db.* TO 'ghost_user'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

安装 Nginx 作为反向代理

安装 Nginx 并配置为 Ghost 的反向代理：

sudo apt-get install nginx

创建 Nginx 配置文件 /etc/nginx/sites-available/ghost：

server {
listen 80;
server_name your_domain.com;

location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:2368;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}

启用配置并重启 Nginx：

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/ghost /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl restart nginx

安装 Ghost CLI 工具

Ghost CLI 是官方提供的管理工具，用于简化安装和配置：

sudo npm install -g ghost-cli

创建 Ghost 安装目录并安装

创建一个专用目录并设置权限：

sudo mkdir -p /var/www/ghost
sudo chown $USER:$USER /var/www/ghost
cd /var/www/ghost

运行 Ghost 安装命令：

ghost install

安装过程中会提示输入以下信息：

• 博客 URL（如 http://your_domain.com）
• MySQL 主机名（默认 localhost）
• MySQL 用户名和密码（之前创建的 ghost_user 和密码）
• 数据库名称（ghost_db）

配置 SSL 证书（可选）

使用 Let's Encrypt 免费证书为博客启用 HTTPS：

sudo apt-get install certbot python3-certbot-nginx
sudo certbot –nginx -d your_domain.com

证书会自动续期，Nginx 配置也会更新为 HTTPS。

管理 Ghost 服务

Ghost 安装后会自动设置为系统服务。常用管理命令：

启动 Ghost：

ghost start

停止 Ghost：

ghost stop

查看状态：

ghost status

访问博客并完成设置

通过浏览器访问 http://your_domain.com 或 https://your_domain.com，按照向导完成管理员账户设置和博客配置。