以下是对 JDK 8 至 JDK 25 主要特性的深度解析,按版本迭代顺序组织:
JDK 8 (2014)
核心特性
- 简化匿名内部类,支持函数式编程,例如:
(x, y) -> x + y
- 集合操作流水线处理:
list.stream().filter(x -> x > 0).mapToInt(x -> x * 2).sum();
- 接口支持 default 方法实现:
interface A { default void log() { System.out.println("A"); } }
- java.time 包替代 java.util.Date:
LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
JDK 9 (2017)
模块系统 (Jigsaw)
- 引入模块化(module-info.java)解决依赖问题:
module com.example { requires java.base; }
集合工厂方法
- 快速创建不可变集合:
List<String> list = List.of("A", "B");
接口私有方法
- 接口支持 private 方法:
interface B { private void log() { System.out.println("B"); } }
JDK 10 (2018)
局部变量类型推断
- var 关键字简化类型声明:
var list = new ArrayList<String>();
JDK 11 (LTS, 2018)
HTTP Client API
- 支持异步 HTTP 请求:
HttpClient.newHttpClient().sendAsync(request, BodyHandlers.ofString());
单文件源代码执行
- 直接运行 .java 文件:
java Hello.java
JDK 12-15 (非LTS)
int day = switch (value) { case 1 -> 1; default -> 0; };
String json = """ { "name": "Java" } """;
- 简化不可变数据类:
record Point(int x, int y) {}
- 限制类继承:
sealed class Shape permits Circle, Rectangle {}
JDK 16 (2021)
正式启用特性
- Record、Switch 表达式、文本块转为正式功能。
JDK 17 (LTS, 2021)
密封类正式发布
public sealed interface Result permits Success, Failure {}
移除 Applet API
- 停止对浏览器插件的支持。
JDK 18-21
- instanceof 自动转换:
if (obj instanceof String s) { System.out.println(s.length()); }
- 轻量级并发模型:
Thread.startVirtualThread(() -> System.out.println("Hello"));
- 硬件加速计算:
VectorSpecies<Float> species = FloatVector.SPECIES_256;
JDK 22-25 (最新演进)
for (var _ : collection) { /* 忽略元素 */ }
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737560.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzU2MC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737299.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzI5OS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737645.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzY0NS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737654.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzY1NC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737663.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzY2My5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737738.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzczOC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737811.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzgxMS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737903.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzkwMy5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737759.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzc1OS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737912.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzkxMi5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737681.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzY4MS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737685.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzY4NS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737918.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzkxOC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737920.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzkyMC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737924.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzkyNC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737849.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzg0OS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737931.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzkzMS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737784.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzc4NC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737698.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzY5OC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738004.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODAwNC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738006.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODAwNi5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737944.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzk0NC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738103.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODEwMy5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737959.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzk1OS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737962.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzk2Mi5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699737900.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczNzkwMC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738047.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODA0Ny5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738050.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODA1MC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738215.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODIxNS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738060.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODA2MC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738148.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODE0OC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738219.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODIxOS5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738078.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODA3OC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738162.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODE2Mi5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738238.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODIzOC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738174.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODE3NC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738248.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODI0OC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738323.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODMyMy5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738327.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODMyNy5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738406.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODQwNi5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738334.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODMzNC5zaHRtbA==.html
http://my.tv.sohu.com/us/442337939/699738336.shtml
https://tv.sohu.com/v/dXMvNDQyMzM3OTM5LzY5OTczODMzNi5zaHRtbA==.html
String name = "Java"; String s = STR."Hello \\{name}!";
- 提升内存效率(如 primitive class Point { int x; int y; })。
GC 与性能优化
| JDK 11 | ZGC (低延迟 GC) |
| JDK 15 | Shenandoah GC (并行回收) |
| JDK 21 | 分代 ZGC |
总结
- LTS 版本:JDK 8、11、17、21 适合生产环境。
- 语法演进:从 Lambda 到 Record、模式匹配,提升开发效率。
- 并发革新:虚拟线程(Project Loom)重构并发模型。
- 内存管理:ZGC/Shenandoah 降低 GC 停顿。
建议根据项目需求选择 LTS 版本,并持续关注新特性预览。
网硕互联帮助中心







评论前必须登录!
注册