{"id":99827,"date":"2026-09-03T12:00:52","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T04:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/99827.html"},"modified":"2026-09-03T12:00:52","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T04:00:52","slug":"%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f-c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/99827.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u2014\u2014C++"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f？<\/h3>\n

\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f（Strategy Pattern） \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355：<\/p>\n

\u628a\u4e00\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\/\u884c\u4e3a\u5c01\u88c5\u8d77\u6765，\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4：<\/p>\n

\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

if (\u6761\u4ef6A)
\n\u7b97\u6cd5A
\nelse if (\u6761\u4ef6B)
\n\u7b97\u6cd5B
\nelse if (\u6761\u4ef6C)
\n\u7b97\u6cd5C<\/p>\n

\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u6539\u6210：<\/p>\n

Context
\n |<\/span>
\n v<\/span>
\n Strategy\u63a5\u53e3
\n \/ |<\/span> \\\\<\/span>
\n \/ |<\/span> \\\\<\/span>
\n \u7b56\u7565A \u7b56\u7565B \u7b56\u7565C<\/p>\n

Context \u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u5177\u4f53\u600e\u4e48\u505a，\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528：<\/p>\n

strategy->execute();<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684 C++ \u4f8b\u5b50<\/h3>\n

\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668，\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u6cd5
\n\u51cf\u6cd5
\n\u4e58\u6cd5<\/p>\n

  • \u5b9a\u4e49\u7b56\u7565\u63a5\u53e3<\/li>\n

    class<\/span> Strategy<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n virtual<\/span> ~<\/span>Strategy<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> default<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    virtual<\/span> int<\/span> calculate<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> a,<\/span> int<\/span> b)<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 Strategy \u5c31\u662f\u7b56\u7565\u57fa\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5b83\u89c4\u5b9a：<\/p>\n

    \u6240\u6709\u7b56\u7565\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0 calculate()\u3002<\/p>\n

  • \u52a0\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n

    class<\/span> AddStrategy<\/span> :<\/span> public<\/span> Strategy<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> calculate<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> a,<\/span> int<\/span> b)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> a +<\/span> b;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

  • \u51cf\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n

    class<\/span> SubStrategy<\/span> :<\/span> public<\/span> Strategy<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> calculate<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> a,<\/span> int<\/span> b)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> a –<\/span> b;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

  • \u4e58\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n

    class<\/span> MulStrategy<\/span> :<\/span> public<\/span> Strategy<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> calculate<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> a,<\/span> int<\/span> b)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> a *<\/span> b;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e09\u3001Context：\u4f7f\u7528\u7b56\u7565<\/h3>\n

    \u6211\u4eec\u518d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a Calculator：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> Calculator<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> setStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>std::<\/span>unique_ptr<<\/span>Strategy><\/span> strategy)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n m_strategy =<\/span> std::<\/span>move<\/span>(<\/span>strategy)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> calculate<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> a,<\/span> int<\/span> b)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>m_strategy)<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> m_strategy-><\/span>calculate<\/span>(<\/span>a,<\/span> b)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    private<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    std::<\/span>unique_ptr<<\/span>Strategy><\/span> m_strategy;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 Calculator \u5c31\u662f Context（\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5b83\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3：<\/p>\n

    a + b<\/p>\n

    \u8fd8\u662f：<\/p>\n

    a – b<\/p>\n

    \u8fd8\u662f：<\/p>\n

    a * b<\/p>\n

    \u5b83\u53ea\u77e5\u9053：<\/p>\n

    m_strategy->calculate(a, b);<\/p>\n

    \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n

    #<\/span>include<\/span> <iostream><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <memory><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n Calculator calculator;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565<\/span>
    \n calculator.<\/span>setStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>make_unique<\/span><<\/span>AddStrategy><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    std::<\/span>cout <<<\/span> calculator.<\/span>calculate<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span> <<<\/span> std::<\/span>endl;<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 15<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5207\u6362\u6210\u51cf\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565<\/span>
    \n calculator.<\/span>setStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>make_unique<\/span><<\/span>SubStrategy><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    std::<\/span>cout <<<\/span> calculator.<\/span>calculate<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span> <<<\/span> std::<\/span>endl;<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 5<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5207\u6362\u6210\u4e58\u6cd5\u7b56\u7565<\/span>
    \n calculator.<\/span>setStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>make_unique<\/span><<\/span>MulStrategy><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    std::<\/span>cout <<<\/span> calculator.<\/span>calculate<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span> <<<\/span> std::<\/span>endl;<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 50<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u91cc\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c31\u662f：<\/p>\n

    calculator.setStrategy(
    \nstd::make_unique()
    \n);<\/p>\n

    \u7136\u540e：<\/p>\n

    calculator.setStrategy(
    \nstd::make_unique()
    \n);<\/p>\n

    \u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u66f4\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e94\u3001\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7528\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f1a\u600e\u6837？<\/h3>\n

    \u4f8b\u5982\u4f60\u5199：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> Calculator<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> calculate<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> a,<\/span> int<\/span> b,<\/span> char<\/span> op)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>op ==<\/span> '+'<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> a +<\/span> b;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>op ==<\/span> '-'<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> a –<\/span> b;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>op ==<\/span> '*'<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> a *<\/span> b;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>op ==<\/span> '\/'<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> a \/<\/span> b;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f46\u662f\u4ee5\u540e\u589e\u52a0：<\/p>\n

    %
    \n\u5e42\u8fd0\u7b97
    \n\u5e73\u65b9\u6839
    \n\u5e73\u5747\u503c
    \n\u6700\u5927\u503c
    \n\u6700\u5c0f\u503c
    \n\u2026<\/p>\n

    \u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210：<\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>
    \nelse<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>
    \nelse<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>
    \nelse<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>
    \nelse<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>
    \nelse<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>.<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    Calculator \u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u516d\u3001\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48？<\/h3>\n

    \u91c7\u7528\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> Strategy<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n virtual<\/span> ~<\/span>Strategy<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> default<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    virtual<\/span> int<\/span> calculate<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> a,<\/span> int<\/span> b)<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7136\u540e：<\/p>\n

    Strategy
    \n |<\/span>
    \n \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
    \n \u2193 \u2193 \u2193
    \n AddStrategy SubStrategy MulStrategy<\/p>\n

    \u4ee5\u540e\u589e\u52a0\u9664\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> DivStrategy<\/span> :<\/span> public<\/span> Strategy<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> calculate<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> a,<\/span> int<\/span> b)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> a \/<\/span> b;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    Calculator \u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u70b9：<\/p>\n

    \u589e\u52a0\u7b56\u7565\u65f6，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539 Context\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e03\u3001\u7ed3\u5408 Qt\/C++ \u9879\u76ee\u7406\u89e3<\/h3>\n

    \u505a\u5de5\u4e1a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u65f6，\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u5176\u5b9e\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f8b\u5982\u4f60\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u7b97\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

    \u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406
    \n |<\/span>
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u4e8c\u503c\u5316
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u7070\u5ea6\u5316
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u5f52\u4e00\u5316
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u4f2a\u5f69\u8272
    \n \u2514\u2500\u2500 \u6ee4\u6ce2<\/p>\n

    \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> ImageProcessStrategy<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n virtual<\/span> ~<\/span>ImageProcessStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> default<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    virtual<\/span> cv::<\/span>Mat process<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> cv::<\/span>Mat&<\/span> src)<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u503c\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> ThresholdStrategy<\/span> :<\/span> public<\/span> ImageProcessStrategy<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    cv::<\/span>Mat process<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> cv::<\/span>Mat&<\/span> src)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n cv::<\/span>Mat dst;<\/span><\/p>\n

    cv::<\/span>threshold<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n src,<\/span>
    \n dst,<\/span>
    \n 128<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n 255<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n cv::<\/span>THRESH_BINARY
    \n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> dst;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    };
    \n\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> NormalizeStrategy<\/span> :<\/span> public<\/span> ImageProcessStrategy<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    cv::<\/span>Mat process<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> cv::<\/span>Mat&<\/span> src)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n cv::<\/span>Mat dst;<\/span><\/p>\n

    cv::<\/span>normalize<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n src,<\/span>
    \n dst,<\/span>
    \n 0<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n 255<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n cv::<\/span>NORM_MINMAX
    \n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> dst;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    ImageProcessor<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> ImageProcessor<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> setStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>unique_ptr<<\/span>ImageProcessStrategy><\/span> strategy)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n m_strategy =<\/span> std::<\/span>move<\/span>(<\/span>strategy)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    cv::<\/span>Mat process<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> cv::<\/span>Mat&<\/span> src)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>m_strategy)<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> cv::<\/span>Mat<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> m_strategy-><\/span>process<\/span>(<\/span>src)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    private<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    std::<\/span>unique_ptr<<\/span>ImageProcessStrategy><\/span> m_strategy;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

    ImageProcessor processor;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u503c\u5316<\/span>
    \nprocessor.<\/span>setStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>make_unique<\/span><<\/span>ThresholdStrategy><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    cv::<\/span>Mat dst =<\/span> processor.<\/span>process<\/span>(<\/span>src)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7136\u540e\u9700\u8981\u5f52\u4e00\u5316：<\/span><\/p>\n

    processor.<\/span>setStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>make_unique<\/span><<\/span>NormalizeStrategy><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    dst =<\/span> processor.<\/span>process<\/span>(<\/span>src)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u516b\u3001Qt \u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u66f4\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/h3>\n

    \u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

    \u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u4fe1
    \n |<\/span>
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 TCP
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 UDP
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 Serial
    \n \u2514\u2500\u2500 Modbus<\/p>\n

    \u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> CommunicationStrategy<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n virtual<\/span> ~<\/span>CommunicationStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> default<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    virtual<\/span> bool<\/span> connectDevice<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    virtual<\/span> bool<\/span> sendData<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> QByteArray&<\/span> data)<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    virtual<\/span> QByteArray receiveData<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    TCP：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> TcpStrategy<\/span> :<\/span> public<\/span> CommunicationStrategy<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> connectDevice<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n qDebug<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> <<<\/span> "TCP connect"<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> sendData<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> QByteArray&<\/span> data)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n qDebug<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> <<<\/span> "TCP send:"<\/span> <<<\/span> data;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    QByteArray receiveData<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n qDebug<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> <<<\/span> "TCP receive"<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> {<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e32\u53e3：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> SerialStrategy<\/span> :<\/span> public<\/span> CommunicationStrategy<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> connectDevice<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n qDebug<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> <<<\/span> "Serial connect"<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> sendData<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> QByteArray&<\/span> data)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n qDebug<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> <<<\/span> "Serial send:"<\/span> <<<\/span> data;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    QByteArray receiveData<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n qDebug<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> <<<\/span> "Serial receive"<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> {<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7136\u540e：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> Device<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> setStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>unique_ptr<<\/span>CommunicationStrategy><\/span> strategy)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n m_strategy =<\/span> std::<\/span>move<\/span>(<\/span>strategy)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> connectDevice<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> m_strategy &&<\/span>
    \n m_strategy-><\/span>connectDevice<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> sendData<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> QByteArray&<\/span> data)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> m_strategy &&<\/span>
    \n m_strategy-><\/span>sendData<\/span>(<\/span>data)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    private<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    std::<\/span>unique_ptr<<\/span>CommunicationStrategy><\/span> m_strategy;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

    Device device;<\/span>
    \n\/\/ TCP<\/span>
    \ndevice.<\/span>setStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>make_unique<\/span><<\/span>TcpStrategy><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    device.<\/span>connectDevice<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    device.<\/span>sendData<\/span>(<\/span>"Hello"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u6539\u6210\u4e32\u53e3：<\/span><\/p>\n

    device.<\/span>setStrategy<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>make_unique<\/span><<\/span>SerialStrategy><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    Device \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u7528\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e5d\u3001\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n

    \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u89d2\u8272：<\/p>\n

    \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
    \n\u2502 Context \u2502
    \n\u2502 \u2502
    \n\u2502 \u4fdd\u5b58 Strategy \u2502
    \n\u2502 \u8c03\u7528 Strategy \u2502
    \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
    \n \u2502
    \n \u2193
    \n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
    \n\u2502 Strategy \u2502
    \n\u2502 \u7b56\u7565\u63a5\u53e3 \u2502
    \n\u2502 \u2502
    \n\u2502 execute(<\/span>)<\/span> \u2502
    \n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
    \n \u2502
    \n \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
    \n \u2193 \u2193 \u2193
    \n StrategyA B C<\/p>\n

    \u5bf9\u5e94\u5230 C++：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> Strategy<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n virtual<\/span> void<\/span> execute<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nclass<\/span> StrategyA<\/span> :<\/span> public<\/span> Strategy<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n void<\/span> execute<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u7b97\u6cd5A<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nclass<\/span> StrategyB<\/span> :<\/span> public<\/span> Strategy<\/span><\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n void<\/span> execute<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> override<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u7b97\u6cd5B<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nclass<\/span> Context<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>unique_ptr<<\/span>Strategy><\/span> strategy;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5341\u3001\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u7b80\u5355\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

    \u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f：<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u6211\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u54ea\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61？\u201d<\/p>\n

    \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

    auto strategy = StrategyFactory::create(\u201ctcp\u201d);
    \n\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

    \u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f：<\/p>\n

    \u201c\u6211\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\/\u884c\u4e3a？\u201d<\/p>\n

    \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

    device.setStrategy(
    \nstd::make_unique()
    \n);<\/p>\n

    \u4e24\u8005\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408：<\/p>\n

    Factory
    \n \u2502
    \n \u2193
    \n \u521b\u5efa\u5177\u4f53 Strategy
    \n \u2502
    \n \u2193
    \n Context
    \n \u2502
    \n \u2193
    \n \u6267\u884c\u5177\u4f53\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n

    \u5728 Qt + C++ + \u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u4fe1\/\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u91cc，\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ec4\u5408\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bb0\u5fc6：<\/p>\n

    \u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f = \u628a\u5bb9\u6613\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u62bd\u51fa\u6765，\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u66ff\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60 GoF \u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f，\u90a3\u4e48\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u70b9\u7406\u89e3\u6210：\u201c\u628a\u4e00\u5806 if\/else \u4e2d\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u884c\u4e3a，\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f？
    \n\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f（Strategy Pattern） \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355：
    \n\u628a\u4e00\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\/\u884c\u4e3a\u5c01\u88c5\u8d77\u6765，\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5207\u6362\u3002
    \n\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4：
    \n\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：
    \nif (\u6761\u4ef6A)
    \n\u7b97\u6cd5A
    \nelse if (\u6761\u4ef6B)
    \n\u7b97\u6cd5B
    \nelse if (\u6761\u4ef6C)
    \n\u7b97\u6cd5C
    \n\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u6539\u6210：Context|vStrategy\u63a5\u53e3\/ | \\\\\/ <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[55,190,3063],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-99827","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-c","tag-190","tag-3063"],"yoast_head":"\n\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u2014\u2014C++ - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/99827.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u2014\u2014C++ - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f？ \u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f（Strategy Pattern） \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355： \u628a\u4e00\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\/\u884c\u4e3a\u5c01\u88c5\u8d77\u6765，\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5207\u6362\u3002 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4： \u539f\u6765\u7684\u4ee3\u7801： if (\u6761\u4ef6A) \u7b97\u6cd5A else if (\u6761\u4ef6B) \u7b97\u6cd5B else if (\u6761\u4ef6C) \u7b97\u6cd5C \u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u6539\u6210：Context|vStrategy\u63a5\u53e3\/ | \\\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/99827.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-09-03T04:00:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/99827.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/99827.html\",\"name\":\"\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u2014\u2014C++ - 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