{"id":99151,"date":"2026-09-02T00:16:59","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T16:16:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/99151.html"},"modified":"2026-09-02T00:16:59","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T16:16:59","slug":"%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e5%90%8e%e8%ae%ad%e7%bb%83%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e-sft-%e5%88%b0%e5%bc%ba%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%9a%84%e5%b7%a5%e7%a8%8b%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/99151.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6a21\u578b\u540e\u8bad\u7ec3\uff1a\u4ece SFT \u5230\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u6a21\u578b\u540e\u8bad\u7ec3：\u4ece SFT \u5230\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n

Agent = LLM + \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587 + \u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5f53\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u5230\u4f4d，\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u5f80\u5f80\u5728 LLM \u672c\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\u8bad\u7ec3\u6539\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u6743\u91cd，\u628a\u80fd\u529b\u6c89\u6dc0\u8fdb\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u4ece\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u5230 RL \u7684\u56db\u9636\u6bb5\u80fd\u529b\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf，\u4ee5\u53ca SFT \u4e0e RL \u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5de5\u7a0b\u8981\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u9636\u6bb5\u80fd\u529b\u5f00\u53d1\u5168\u666f<\/h3>\n

\u73b0\u4ee3\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5f00\u53d1\u901a\u5e38\u62c6\u6210\u56db\u4e2a\u73af\u8282：<\/p>\n\n\u9636\u6bb5\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u636e\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\u5b66\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u5178\u578b\u4ee3\u4ef7<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3<\/td>\n\u6d77\u91cf\u539f\u59cb\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6587\u672c<\/td>\n\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd<\/td>\n\u8bed\u8a00\u89c4\u5f8b\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u63a8\u7406<\/td>\n\u6781\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mid-training<\/td>\n\u76ee\u6807\u8bed\u8a00\/\u9886\u57df\u8bed\u6599<\/td>\n\u7ee7\u7eed\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd<\/td>\n\u8865\u9f50\u9886\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u80fd\u529b<\/td>\n\u4e2d\u5230\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SFT<\/td>\n\u51e0\u5343~\u51e0\u4e07\u6761\u793a\u8303\u5bf9<\/td>\n\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd（\u53ea\u5728\u56de\u7b54\u4e0a\u7b97\u635f\u5931）<\/td>\n\u6307\u4ee4\u9075\u5faa\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u534f\u8bae<\/td>\n\u4f4e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
RL<\/td>\n\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u73af\u5883+\u5956\u52b1\u4fe1\u53f7<\/td>\n\u6700\u5927\u5316\u671f\u671b\u5956\u52b1<\/td>\n\u53ef\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u51fa\u7684\u65b0\u89e3\u6cd5<\/td>\n\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u89c9\u7c7b\u6bd4：\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u662f"\u901a\u8bc6\u6559\u80b2"，Mid-training \u662f"\u7814\u4fee\u4e13\u4e1a\u6559\u6750"，SFT \u662f"\u8001\u5e08\u793a\u8303\u7b54\u9898\u89c4\u8303"，RL \u662f"\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0b\u573a\u505a\u9898\u3001\u6309\u5f97\u5206\u53cd\u590d\u6253\u78e8"\u3002<\/p>\n

SFT \u7684\u672c\u8d28：\u6362\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684"\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd"<\/h4>\n

SFT \u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u548c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3001\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5dee\u522b\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u70b9：<\/p>\n

  • \u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u540c：SFT \u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u51c6\u5907\u7684"\u8f93\u5165\u2014\u8f93\u51fa"\u793a\u8303\u5bf9<\/li>\n
  • \u635f\u5931\u5c4f\u853d（loss masking）：\u8ba1\u7b97\u635f\u5931\u65f6\u628a\u95ee\u9898\u90e8\u5206\u7684 token \u5c4f\u853d\u6389，\u53ea\u5bf9\u56de\u7b54\u90e8\u5206\u56de\u4f20\u68af\u5ea6<\/li>\n

    SFT \u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u7528\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6548\u7387，\u628a\u4e00\u5957\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684"\u8f93\u5165\u2192\u8f93\u51fa"\u6620\u5c04\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u56fa\u5316\u8fdb\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5b83\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u662f"\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u98ce\u683c\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b"\u8fd9\u7c7b\u534f\u8bae\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6，\u800c\u975e\u5927\u91cf\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

    SFT \u4e0e RL \u7684\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b<\/h4>\n

    \u4e24\u6761\u8d2f\u7a7f\u5168\u7ae0\u7684\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f"SFT \u8bb0\u5fc6，RL \u6cdb\u5316"：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • SFT \u6700\u5927\u5316\u6807\u6ce8\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u6982\u7387\u2014\u2014\u63a8\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u590d\u73b0\u793a\u8303\u3002\u793a\u8303\u7f3a\u4e4f\u591a\u6837\u6027\u65f6\u5bb9\u6613\u5bf9\u8868\u9762\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n
    • RL \u6700\u5927\u5316\u671f\u671b\u5956\u52b1\u2014\u2014\u6a21\u578b\u63a2\u7d22\u591a\u6761\u8def\u5f84，\u63d0\u9ad8\u9ad8\u5956\u52b1\u8def\u5f84\u6982\u7387\u3002\u5f53\u5956\u52b1\u5fe0\u5b9e\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u793a\u8303\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u53ef\u8fc1\u79fb\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u4ece\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u770b，SFT \u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8986\u76d6\u5f0f\u503e\u5411（\u5c3d\u91cf\u8986\u76d6\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f），RL \u914d\u5408\u53cd\u5411 KL \u7ea6\u675f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5bfb\u5cf0\u503e\u5411（\u96c6\u4e2d\u5230\u5c11\u6570\u9ad8\u5956\u52b1\u5cf0\u4e0a）\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u7ef4\u5ea6SFTRL<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807<\/td>\n\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6807\u6ce8\u7b54\u6848\u6982\u7387<\/td>\n\u6700\u5927\u5316\u671f\u671b\u5956\u52b1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u6837\u672c\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n\u9ad8（\u51e0\u5343\u6761\u89c1\u6548）<\/td>\n\u4f4e（\u5e38\u662f SFT \u7684\u51e0\u5341~\u4e0a\u767e\u500d）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u8bad\u7ec3\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u3001\u6536\u655b\u5feb<\/td>\n\u4f4e\u3001\u6613\u9707\u8361<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u5206\u5e03\u6f02\u79fb\u4e0b<\/td>\n\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u793a\u8303\u8986\u76d6<\/td>\n\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5956\u52b1\u4e0e\u63a2\u7d22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u6700\u9002\u5408<\/td>\n\u56fa\u5316\u683c\u5f0f\/\u98ce\u683c\/\u6d41\u7a0b<\/td>\n\u9700\u6cdb\u5316\u5230\u65b0\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      Mid-training：\u8865\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840\u80fd\u529b<\/h3>\n

      Mid-training \u89e3\u51b3\u4e24\u7c7b\u7f3a\u53e3：\u77e5\u8bc6\u7f3a\u53e3（\u901a\u7528\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u672a\u8986\u76d6\u76ee\u6807\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u9886\u57df\u6587\u6863）\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u80fd\u529b\u7f3a\u53e3（\u957f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u8de8\u6a21\u6001\u8868\u5f81）\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u5e94\u628a SFT \u5f53\u6210\u4e3b\u8981\u77e5\u8bc6\u6ce8\u5165\u5de5\u5177？\u5c11\u91cf QA \u5bf9\u53ea\u8986\u76d6\u6709\u9650\u95ee\u6cd5，\u66f4\u64c5\u957f\u8bad\u7ec3"\u5982\u4f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0e\u8868\u8fbe"，\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u627f\u8f7d\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002Mid-training \u964d\u4f4e\u9886\u57df\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u635f\u5931，\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6309\u7528\u6237\u95ee\u9898\u53d6\u51fa\u77e5\u8bc6\u2014\u2014\u7a33\u5065\u914d\u65b9\u901a\u5e38\u662f Mid-training \u5438\u6536\u77e5\u8bc6 \u2192 \u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21 SFT \u5efa\u7acb\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f \u2192 \u6709\u975e\u96f6\u6210\u529f\u7387\u540e\u518d RL\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u6570\u636e\u6784\u9020\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec：\u4ece\u5931\u8d25\u5206\u5e03\u53cd\u63a8\u6570\u636e\u7f3a\u53e3\u3001\u6784\u9020\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u76ee\u6807\u8bed\u6599\u3001\u6309\u80fd\u529b\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u914d\u6bd4\u3001\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u505a"\u53cc\u91cd\u56de\u653e"（\u901a\u7528\u4fdd\u7559\u6570\u636e+\u957f\u5ea6\u63d0\u5347\u540e\u7684\u65e7\u4efb\u52a1）\u3001\u7528\u591a\u7ef4\u95e8\u7981\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f55\u65f6\u505c\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n

      SFT \u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n

      LoRA \u53c2\u6570\u9ad8\u6548\u5fae\u8c03<\/h4>\n

      \u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5fae\u8c03\u5bf9\u663e\u5b58\u8981\u6c42\u5f88\u9ad8，LoRA \u5728\u539f\u59cb\u6743\u91cd\u65c1\u6302\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4e\u79e9"\u8865\u4e01"\u5b66\u4e60\u4efb\u52a1，\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u4ec5\u5360 1%-5%\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5b9e\u8df5：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u5fc5\u987b\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635（\u5c24\u5176 MLP \u5c42），\u53ea\u52a0\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42\u4f1a\u6389\u70b9<\/li>\n
      • \u6700\u4f18\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\u7ea6\u662f\u5168\u53c2\u5fae\u8c03\u7684 10 \u500d<\/li>\n
      • SFT \u7528\u4e2d\u9ad8 rank（64-256），RL \u7528\u5c0f rank（8-32）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        SFT \u6570\u636e\u4ece\u54ea\u6765<\/h4>\n

        \u4e09\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u7ecf\u5e38\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

      • \u4eba\u5de5\u4e13\u5bb6\u793a\u8303\u2014\u2014\u8d28\u91cf\u6700\u9ad8\u4f46\u8d35\u4e14\u6162，\u9002\u5408\u5b9a\u4e49\u683c\u5f0f\u7684"\u79cd\u5b50\u6570\u636e"<\/li>\n
      • \u6559\u5e08\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210（\u5408\u6210\u6570\u636e）\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u5f3a\u6a21\u578b\u6279\u91cf\u4ea7\u51fa，\u8fc7\u6ee4\u540e\u84b8\u998f\u7ed9\u5b66\u751f<\/li>\n
      • \u62d2\u7edd\u91c7\u6837\u2014\u2014\u6a21\u578b\u81ea\u5df1\u91c7\u6837\u591a\u6761\u5019\u9009，\u7528\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u7b5b\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u6837\u672c\u518d\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u81ea\u5df1<\/li>\n

        \u84b8\u998f：Prompt \u84b8\u998f\u4e0e CoT \u84b8\u998f<\/h4>\n

        Prompt \u84b8\u998f\u628a"\u957f\u63d0\u793a + \u601d\u8003\u578b\u6559\u5e08"\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u538b\u7f29\u5230"\u77ed\u63d0\u793a\/\u65e0\u63d0\u793a + \u975e\u601d\u8003\u5b66\u751f"\u4e2d，\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97 20-30 \u500d\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n

        CoT \u84b8\u998f\u628a\u6559\u5e08\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u601d\u8003\u8f68\u8ff9\u8f6c\u79fb\u7ed9\u5b66\u751f\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u540c\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u4e0b\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u6559\u5e08 70%-80% \u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002DeepSeek-R1 \u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u84b8\u998f\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f：\u5bf9\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u505a\u540e\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4，\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u84b8\u998f\u95ed\u6e90\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u94fe\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e SOTA \u95ed\u6e90\u6a21\u578b\u5dee\u8ddd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u5927；\u6559\u5e08\u6a21\u578b\u53ea\u9700\u8981"\u660e\u663e\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f"\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

        RL \u7b97\u6cd5：\u4ece rollout \u5230\u53c2\u6570\u66f4\u65b0<\/h3>\n

        GRPO \u7684\u56db\u6b65\u95ed\u73af<\/h4>\n

        GRPO（Group Relative Policy Optimization）\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 RL \u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ee5 SWE-bench \u7684\u4e00\u6761\u4fee\u590d\u4efb\u52a1\u4e3a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

      • \u8ba9\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u578b\u91cd\u590d\u5c1d\u8bd5：\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\u590d\u5236\u5230 16 \u4e2a\u9694\u79bb\u6c99\u7bb1，\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u72ec\u7acb\u89e3\u51b3 16 \u6b21（\u6bcf\u6b21\u53eb\u4e00\u4e2a rollout）<\/li>\n
      • \u8ba1\u7b97\u5956\u52b1：\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u5728\u5e72\u51c0\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u8865\u4e01\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5，\u901a\u8fc7\u5f97 1\u3001\u5931\u8d25\u5f97 0<\/li>\n
      • \u8ba1\u7b97\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f18\u52bf：\u7ec4\u5185\u5e73\u5747\u6210\u529f\u7387 4\/16，\u901a\u8fc7\u7684 4 \u6761\u5f97\u6b63\u4f18\u52bf\u3001\u5931\u8d25\u7684 12 \u6761\u5f97\u8d1f\u4f18\u52bf<\/li>\n
      • \u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u66f4\u65b0\u7b56\u7565：\u63d0\u9ad8\u6b63\u4f18\u52bf\u8f68\u8ff9\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6982\u7387，\u964d\u4f4e\u8d1f\u4f18\u52bf\u7684<\/li>\n

        \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

        PPO \u4e0e GRPO \u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e3b\u8981\u5728"\u62ff\u8c01\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83"：GRPO \u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f83\u540c\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u591a\u6761 rollout，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u4ef7\u503c\u6a21\u578b；PPO \u8bad\u7ec3\u4ef7\u503c\u6a21\u578b\u4f30\u8ba1\u6bcf\u6b65"\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u591a\u597d"，\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u4fe1\u7528\u5206\u914d\u7684\u957f\u8f68\u8ff9\u3002<\/p>\n

        On-Policy \u4e0e\u6570\u503c\u8bef\u5dee<\/h4>\n

        LLM RL \u901a\u5e38\u4f18\u5148 on-policy\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u5f53\u524d\u7b56\u7565\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u6210 rollout，\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728"\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u9645\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u72b6\u6001"\u3002\u4f46\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d，\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce（vLLM\/SGLang）\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f15\u64ce（FSDP\/Megatron）\u5373\u4f7f\u52a0\u8f7d\u540c\u4e00\u6743\u91cd，\u6d6e\u70b9\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u5f52\u7ea6\u987a\u5e8f\u3001\u5f20\u91cf\u5e76\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u540c\u4e00 token \u7684 log probability \u4e0d\u540c，\u4f7f\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684 on-policy \u53d8\u6210\u9690\u5f0f off-policy\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u654f\u611f\u6027\u6765\u81ea\u653e\u5927\u94fe\u6761：log probability \u5c0f\u8bef\u5dee \u2192 \u6307\u6570\u5316\u7684\u6982\u7387\u6bd4\u504f\u5dee \u2192 \u957f\u524d\u7f00\u4e0a\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef \u2192 clipping \u6539\u53d8 \u2192 \u68af\u5ea6\u65b9\u5411\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u82e5 4000 \u4e2a token \u7684 log ratio \u90fd\u6709 10\u2212310^{-3}<\/span><\/span>1<\/span>0<\/span><\/span>\u2212<\/span>3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u540c\u5411\u504f\u5dee，\u8f68\u8ff9\u7ea7\u6bd4\u7387\u4f1a\u7d2f\u79ef\u5230 e4\u224854.6e^4 \\\\approx 54.6<\/span><\/span>e<\/span><\/span>4<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2248<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>54.6<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

        RL \u73af\u5883：\u4ece\u8bc4\u4f30\u5230\u4eff\u771f<\/h3>\n

        \u73af\u5883\u5de5\u7a0b\u662f RL \u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

        RL \u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5，\u800c\u5728\u73af\u5883\u662f\u5426\u8db3\u591f\u771f\u5b9e\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u7f6e\u3001\u53ef\u5e76\u884c\u3002\u771f\u5b9e API \u6709\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236\u3001\u4f1a\u5c01\u53f7\u3001\u6709\u526f\u4f5c\u7528，\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u73af\u5883\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5e94\u662f：\u4efb\u52a1\u84dd\u56fe \u2192 \u53ef\u91cd\u7f6e\u6a21\u62df\u5668 \u2192 \u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668 \u2192 \u8bad\u7ec3\/\u8bc4\u4f30\u9694\u79bb \u2192 \u5c11\u91cf\u771f\u5b9e\u4ea4\u4e92\u6821\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u9020\u4e0d\u51fa\u73af\u5883\u600e\u4e48\u529e：\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u626e\u6f14\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n

        \u5f53\u9ad8\u4fdd\u771f\u73af\u5883\u6839\u672c\u9020\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765\u65f6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 LLM \u626e\u6f14\u73af\u5883：\u6a21\u578b\u5408\u6210\u5de5\u5177\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c（\u5982 ZeroSearch \u7528 LLM \u626e\u6f14\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce），\u751a\u81f3\u4eff\u771f\u6574\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u7684\u52a8\u6001（\u5982 DreamGym \u84b8\u998f\u73af\u5883\u8f6c\u79fb）\u3002\u4f46\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5c31\u662f\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u5929\u82b1\u677f，\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u504f\u5dee\u4f1a\u88ab\u7b56\u7565\u7167\u5355\u5168\u6536\u2014\u2014\u7a33\u59a5\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u73af\u5883\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u591a\u8f6e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4fe1\u7528\u5206\u914d<\/h4>\n

        \u4ece\u5355\u8f6e\u5230\u591a\u8f6e，\u590d\u6742\u6027\u53d1\u751f\u8d28\u53d8：\u7b56\u7565\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u4f18\u52a8\u4f5c，\u8fd8\u8981\u5728\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5956\u52b1\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u7528\u5206\u914d\u2014\u2014\u5224\u65ad\u591a\u6b65\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u5230\u5e95\u54ea\u4e00\u6b65\u5bf9\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u8d21\u732e\u6700\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

        \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

        \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

        \u5de5\u5177\u8c03\u7528 RL \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282：\u73af\u5883\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 token \u4e0d\u662f\u7b56\u7565\u751f\u6210\u7684，\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b56\u7565\u68af\u5ea6\u65f6\u5e94\u5c4f\u853d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53cd\u9988 token，\u53ea\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u8c03\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u56de\u4f20\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u5426\u5219\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bad\u7ec3\u53bb\u9884\u6d4b\u6c99\u76d2\u8f93\u51fa，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b66\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

        \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

        \u4f55\u65f6\u9009\u62e9 Mid-training\u3001SFT \u4e0e RL<\/h3>\n

        \u4e66\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5b9e\u64cd\u8bca\u65ad\u6846\u67b6：<\/p>\n

        \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n\n\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u4e3b\u8981\u7f3a\u53e3\u4f18\u5148\u65b9\u6cd5<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
        pass@k \u4ecd\u63a5\u8fd1 0<\/td>\n\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u5728\u57fa\u6a21\u4e2d<\/td>\nMid-training<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u5076\u5c14\u505a\u5bf9\u4f46\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a<\/td>\n\u884c\u4e3a\u534f\u8bae\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5316<\/td>\nSFT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u6709\u975e\u96f6\u6210\u529f\u7387\u4f46\u597d\u7b56\u7565\u6982\u7387\u4f4e<\/td>\n\u6982\u7387\u5206\u914d\u4e0e\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316<\/td>\nRL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u91cf\u793a\u8303，\u65e0\u5728\u7ebf\u73af\u5883<\/td>\n\u53ef\u6a21\u4eff\u6570\u636e\u6709\u3001\u5728\u7ebf\u53cd\u9988\u65e0<\/td>\nSFT\/RFT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        \u6838\u5fc3\u5224\u65ad\u903b\u8f91\u662f：\u5148\u6392\u9664\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6539\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u65b9\u6848（prompt\u3001\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u5c31\u4e0d\u8bad\u7ec3）；\u518d\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\u652f\u6301（pass@k \u8fd1\u96f6\u5148\u8865 Mid-training）；\u7528 SFT \u7acb\u534f\u8bae\u4e0d\u585e\u77e5\u8bc6；\u53ea\u5728\u6709\u63a2\u7d22\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6\u4e0a RL\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u7ecf\u5178 RL \u4e0e LLM Agent \u7684\u6839\u672c\u5dee\u5f02<\/h3>\n

        \u4e66\u4e2d\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bfb\u5b9d\u6e38\u620f\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86 Q-learning \u4e0e LLM Agent：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Q-learning \u9700\u8981\u8fd1 10000 \u5c40\u8bd5\u9519（10 \u79d2），\u4f46\u7406\u89e3"\u95e8"\u201c\u94a5\u5319\u201d"\u5251"\u53ea\u662f\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7b26\u53f7<\/li>\n
        • LLM Agent \u7b2c\u4e00\u5c40\u5c31\u5728 18 \u6b65\u5185\u901a\u5173，\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u652f\u6491<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

          \u59da\u987a\u96e8\u5728\u300aThe Second Half\u300b\u4e2d\u603b\u7ed3\u7684 OpenAI \u8ba4\u77e5\u6f14\u53d8\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u601d：\u4e0d\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5 > \u73af\u5883 > \u5148\u9a8c，\u800c\u662f\u5148\u9a8c > \u73af\u5883 > \u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f7f LLM Agent \u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u672a\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\u6307\u4ee4（\u96f6\u6837\u672c\u6cdb\u5316），\u7528\u5c11\u91cf\u793a\u8303\u9002\u5e94\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e0e\u65e0\u5148\u9a8c\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u9700\u5927\u91cf\u8bd5\u9519\u7684\u7ecf\u5178 RL \u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

          \u672c\u7ae0\u7684\u4e24\u6761\u4e3b\u7ebf\u8d2f\u7a7f\u59cb\u7ec8：\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4e00\u662f"SFT \u8bb0\u5fc6，RL \u6cdb\u5316"\u2014\u2014\u5728\u53d7\u63a7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b，SFT \u5bf9\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u8fc7\u62df\u5408，RL \u5728\u5206\u5e03\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5b66\u5230\u53ef\u8fc1\u79fb\u7b56\u7565；\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c，\u4e0d\u662f SFT \u4e0e RL \u7684\u666e\u904d\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u4e8c\u662f"\u6570\u636e\u548c\u73af\u5883，\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5\u66f4\u91cd\u8981"\u2014\u2014\u638c\u63e1\u73b0\u6210 RL \u7b97\u6cd5（PPO\u3001GRPO）\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u5373\u53ef，\u771f\u6b63\u51b3\u5b9a\u6210\u8d25\u7684\u662f Mid-training \u8bed\u6599\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u8865\u9f50\u5e95\u5ea7\u3001\u793a\u8303\u6570\u636e\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5efa\u7acb\u884c\u4e3a\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u4eff\u771f\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u5956\u52b1\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u9760\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u573a\u666f\u4e0b，\u53ea\u8981\u524d\u4e24\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u8d28\u91cf\u5230\u4f4d，\u751a\u81f3\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505a RL\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u672c\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u6574\u7406\u81ea\u5f00\u6e90\u6280\u672f\u4e66\u300a\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 AI Agent\u300b(bojieli\/ai-agent-book)，\u91c7\u7528 Apache 2.0 \u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          \u6a21\u578b\u540e\u8bad\u7ec3：\u4ece SFT \u5230\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5
          \nAgent LLM \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587 \u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5f53\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u5230\u4f4d，\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u5f80\u5f80\u5728 LLM \u672c\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\u8bad\u7ec3\u6539\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u6743\u91cd，\u628a\u80fd\u529b\u6c89\u6dc0\u8fdb\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u4ece\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u5230 RL \u7684\u56db\u9636\u6bb5\u80fd\u529b\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf，\u4ee5\u53ca SFT \u4e0e RL \u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5de5\u7a0b\u8981\u70b9\u3002
          \n\u56db\u9636\u6bb5\u80fd\u529b\u5f00\u53d1\u5168\u666f
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