{"id":98659,"date":"2026-09-01T08:25:23","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T00:25:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/98659.html"},"modified":"2026-09-01T08:25:23","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T00:25:23","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e3%80%91%e4%bb%8e%e5%86%85%e6%a0%b8%e5%88%b0%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%9a%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e4%b8%8e%e5%85%ad%e5%a4%a7%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/98659.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3011\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u5230\u5e94\u7528\uff1a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u516d\u5927\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357\uff08\u4e0a\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><\/h2>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u5df2\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e24\u7bc7&#xff0c;\u6b64\u4e3a\u4e0a\u7bc7\u3002\u00a0\u4e0a\u7bc7\u805a\u7126\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e0e C\/C&#043;&#043; 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IoC \u5bb9\u5668\u5230\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f Tomcat&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u7801\u5168\u5f00\u6e90&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u559c\u6b22\u7528\u901a\u4fd7\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u62c6\u89e3 CPU\u3001JVM\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u9002\u5408\u8c01&#xff1f;\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u521a\u5165\u95e8\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005&#xff0c;\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u5efa\u7acb\u4ece\u786c\u4ef6\u5230\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5168\u666f\u8ba4\u77e5&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08&#xff0c;\u672c\u6587\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u89c6\u89d2\u6216\u8bb8\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u89e3\u5f00\u4e00\u4e9b\u957f\u671f\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u4e3b\u653b\u54ea\u95e8\u8bed\u8a00&#xff0c;\u7406\u89e3\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406\u90fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u8d70\u5f97\u66f4\u8fdc\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757&#xff1f;\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<h4>1.1 \u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e94\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<p>Linux \u5185\u6838\u6839\u636e\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u00a05 \u5927\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u6838\u5fc3\u804c\u8d23\u5173\u952e\u673a\u5236<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6&#xff08;Process Scheduler&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u7ba1\u7406 CPU \u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u51b3\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f55\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 CPU<\/td>\n<td>\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u63a5\u53e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406&#xff08;Memory Manager&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u7ba1\u7406\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236<\/td>\n<td>\u9875\u8868\u6620\u5c04\u3001\u6309\u9700\u5206\u9875\u3001Swap \u4ea4\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff08;VFS&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u8bbe\u5907\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\u63a5\u53e3<\/td>\n<td>open\/close\/read\/write&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7f51\u7edc\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff08;Network&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808<\/td>\n<td>TCP\/IP\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1&#xff08;IPC&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362<\/td>\n<td>\u7ba1\u9053\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>1.2 \u5185\u6838\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8fd0\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p>\u4ece\u6309\u4e0b\u7535\u6e90\u952e\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9636\u6bb5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00&#xff1a;\u5f15\u5bfc\u52a0\u8f7d&#xff08;Boot&#xff09;\u00a0\u2014\u2014 BIOS\/UEFI \u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u52a0\u8f7d Bootloader&#xff08;\u5982 GRUB&#xff09;&#xff0c;Bootloader \u518d\u5c06\u5185\u6838\u955c\u50cf&#xff08;vmlinuz&#xff09;\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u5185\u6838\u521d\u59cb\u5316&#xff08;Startup&#xff09;\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5185\u6838\u5165\u53e3&#xff08;startup_64&#xff09;\u5f00\u542f\u5206\u9875&#xff08;\u8bbe\u7f6e CR3 \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668&#xff09;\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u4e2d\u65ad\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868&#xff08;IDT&#xff09;\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5185\u6838\u6808&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u8df3\u5165 C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570\u00a0start_kernel()\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e09&#xff1a;\u6838\u5fc3\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u4f9d\u6b21\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e2d\u65ad&#xff08;trap_init&#xff09;\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668&#xff08;sched_init&#xff09;\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406&#xff08;mm_init&#xff09;\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9636\u6bb5\u56db&#xff1a;\u542f\u52a8\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u00a0\u2014\u2014\u00a0start_kernel()\u00a0\u6700\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u00a0rest_init()&#xff0c;\u521b\u5efa PID&#061;0 \u7684 Idle \u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c PID&#061;1 \u7684 init \u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff08;systemd&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e94&#xff1a;\u8fdb\u5165\u7528\u6237\u6001\u00a0\u2014\u2014 init \u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8 Shell \u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5f85\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9636\u6bb5\u516d&#xff1a;\u8fd0\u884c\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u00a0.\/hello&#xff0c;Shell \u8c03\u7528\u00a0fork()\u00a0&#043;\u00a0execve()&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u8ba4\u77e5&#xff1a;\u5728 PID 1 \u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u4e8e\u00a0\u201c\u65e0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u201d\u00a0\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014CPU \u6267\u884c\u7684\u662f\u5185\u6838\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7801&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u662f C \u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 C \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u8fd8\u4f9d\u8d56\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1f;\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<h4>2.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u7b54\u6848&#xff1a;\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u77db\u76fe<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u533a\u5206\u00a0\u201cC \u8bed\u8a00\u8bed\u6cd5\u201d\u00a0\u548c\u00a0\u201cC \u6807\u51c6\u5e93&#xff08;libc&#xff09;\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>C \u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8eab&#xff08;\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff09;\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u00a0\u2014\u2014\u00a0int a &#061; b &#043; c;\u3001if\u3001for\u3001\u6307\u9488\u8fd0\u7b97&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u00a0MOV\u3001ADD\u3001JMP\u00a0\u7b49 CPU \u6307\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e2e\u5fd9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>C \u6807\u51c6\u5e93&#xff08;libc&#xff09;\u4f9d\u8d56\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u00a0\u2014\u2014\u00a0printf\u3001malloc\u3001fopen\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u663e\u793a\u5668\u3001\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838&#xff08;\u56e0\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u00a0IN\/OUT\u00a0\u7b49\u7279\u6743\u6307\u4ee4&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.2 \u5185\u6838\u5982\u4f55\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56 libc&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>Linux \u5185\u6838\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 GCC \u7684\u00a0-ffreestanding&#xff08;\u72ec\u7acb\u73af\u5883\u7f16\u8bd1&#xff09;\u00a0\u9009\u9879&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7981\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5e93&#xff08;\u6ca1\u6709\u00a0stdio.h\u3001stdlib.h&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u00a0malloc\/free&#xff08;\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u00a0kmalloc\/kfree&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u00a0printf&#xff08;\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u00a0printk&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u90e8\u5206\u5e95\u5c42\u64cd\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5185\u8054\u6c47\u7f16&#xff08;\u5982\u5207\u6362 CR3 \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u6267\u884c\u00a0IN\/OUT\u00a0\u6307\u4ee4&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>c<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u663e\u5b58\u5730\u5740&#xff08;\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4efb\u4f55\u5e93\u51fd\u6570&#xff09;<br \/>\nchar *video_memory &#061; (char *)0xB8000;<br \/>\n*video_memory &#061; &#039;A&#039;;  \/\/ \u7eaf C \u6307\u9488\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u663e\u5b58 <\/p>\n<h4>2.3 \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6307\u4ee4<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u7528\u00a0printf\u00a0\u65f6&#xff0c;glibc \u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u00a0SYSCALL\u00a0\u6307\u4ee4&#xff08;x86-64 \u67b6\u6784&#xff09;&#xff0c;CPU \u4ece\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001&#xff0c;\u7531\u5185\u6838\u4ee3\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba&#xff1a;\u5185\u6838\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bed\u6cd5\u5199&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56 C \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u662f\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u201c\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001C&#043;&#043; \u548c C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;C&#043;&#043; \u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u5e94\u7528&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<h4>3.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u522b&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u201c\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u7ef4\u5ea6C \u8bed\u8a00C&#043;&#043;<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>\u591a\u8303\u5f0f&#xff08;\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f0f &#043; OOP &#043; \u6cdb\u578b&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n<td>\u624b\u52a8\u00a0malloc\/free<\/td>\n<td>RAII &#043; \u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u624b\u52a8\u00a0new\/delete<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u62bd\u8c61\u4ee3\u4ef7<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u62bd\u8c61&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u6c47\u7f16<\/td>\n<td>\u96f6\u5f00\u9500\u62bd\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ed8\u51fa\u4ee3\u4ef7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528<\/td>\n<td>\u9759\u6001\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/td>\n<td>\u652f\u6301\u865a\u51fd\u6570&#xff08;\u52a8\u6001\u7ed1\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u6709 vtable \u5f00\u9500&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u5b58\u5e03\u5c40<\/td>\n<td>struct\u00a0\u53ea\u6709\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u865a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u00a0class\u00a0\u5185\u5b58\u5e03\u5c40\u4e0e C \u7684\u00a0struct\u00a0\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>3.2 C&#043;&#043; \u7684\u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<p>\u2460 RAII&#xff08;\u8d44\u6e90\u83b7\u53d6\u5373\u521d\u59cb\u5316&#xff09;\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5229\u7528\u6808\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u51fd\u6570\u5982\u4f55\u00a0return&#xff0c;\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u2461 \u96f6\u5f00\u9500\u62bd\u8c61&#xff08;Zero-overhead Abstraction&#xff09;\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u6a21\u677f\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u5c55\u5f00&#xff0c;\u751f\u6210\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7801\u4e0e\u624b\u5199 C \u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u6837\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u2462\u00a0constexpr&#xff08;\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u8ba1\u7b97&#xff09;\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u9636\u6bb5\u6267\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97&#xff0c;\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u53ea\u6709\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u2463 \u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u591a\u6001&#xff08;CRTP&#xff09;\u00a0\u2014\u2014 \u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u677f\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u786e\u5b9a\u8c03\u7528\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u65e0\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3.3 C&#043;&#043; \u7684\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u573a\u666f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528 C&#043;&#043;<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6e38\u620f\u5f15\u64ce&#xff08;Unreal&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u5e27\u7387\u654f\u611f&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6781\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5e95\u5c42\u786c\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5185\u6838&#xff08;Chrome\/Blink&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u6d77\u91cf DOM \u64cd\u4f5c &#043; JIT \u7f16\u8bd1&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9ad8\u9891\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\n<td>\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7\u5ef6\u8fdf&#xff0c;\u9700\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7f51\u5361<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f15\u64ce&#xff08;MySQL\/LevelDB&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u9700\u8981\u7cbe\u7ec6\u63a7\u5236\u5185\u5b58\u548c I\/O \u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\/\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76<\/td>\n<td>\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u9700\u7981\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u548c RTTI \u4ee5\u7cbe\u7b80\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001C \u8bed\u8a00\u4ece\u7f16\u8bd1\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<h4>4.1 \u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5<\/h4>\n<p>C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u4e3a\u00a04 \u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9636\u6bb5\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u5165 \u2192 \u8f93\u51fa\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u2460 \u9884\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<td>gcc -E<\/td>\n<td>.c\u00a0\u2192\u00a0.i<\/td>\n<td>\u5904\u7406\u00a0#include\u3001#define&#xff0c;\u5b8f\u5c55\u5f00&#xff0c;\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u66ff\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u2461 \u7f16\u8bd1<\/td>\n<td>gcc -S<\/td>\n<td>.i\u00a0\u2192\u00a0.s<\/td>\n<td>\u8bcd\u6cd5\/\u8bed\u6cd5\/\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790&#xff0c;\u751f\u6210\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u2462 \u6c47\u7f16<\/td>\n<td>gcc -c<\/td>\n<td>.s\u00a0\u2192\u00a0.o<\/td>\n<td>\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u8f6c\u6210\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u673a\u5668\u7801&#xff08;\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u2463 \u94fe\u63a5<\/td>\n<td>gcc&#xff08;\u8c03\u7528\u00a0ld&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>.o\u00a0&#043; \u5e93 \u2192 \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<td>\u5408\u5e76\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u89e3\u6790\u7b26\u53f7\u5f15\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>4.2 \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5 vs \u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5<\/h4>\n<p>\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5&#xff1a;\u5e93\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7801\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u8fdb\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f18\u70b9&#xff1a;\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u884c&#xff1b;\u7f3a\u70b9&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u9ad8\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u5e93\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5&#xff1a;\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u201c\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e93\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u201d&#xff0c;\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7531\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668&#xff08;\/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2&#xff09;\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e93\u5e76\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4f18\u70b9&#xff1a;\u8282\u7701\u78c1\u76d8\/\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u5e93\u53ef\u72ec\u7acb\u66f4\u65b0&#xff1b;\u7f3a\u70b9&#xff1a;\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u9700\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u00a0.interp\u00a0\u6bb5\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5148\u542f\u52a8\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668&#xff0c;\u7531\u5b83\u52a0\u8f7d\u00a0libc.so.6\u00a0\u7b49\u5171\u4eab\u5e93&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u6210\u7b26\u53f7\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u540e&#xff0c;\u624d\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u00a0_start\u00a0\u5165\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>4.3 \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6&#xff1a;\u4ece\u00a0.\/hello\u00a0\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u00a0.\/hello\u00a0\u65f6&#xff0c;Shell \u8c03\u7528\u00a0execve\u00a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u9677\u5165\u5185\u6838&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d ELF \u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u53d1\u73b0\u00a0.interp\u00a0\u6bb5\u540e\u542f\u52a8\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668&#xff0c;\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u52a0\u8f7d\u00a0libc.so.6\u00a0\u5e76\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b26\u53f7&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u00a0_start\u00a0\u2192\u00a0__libc_start_main\u00a0\u2192\u00a0main()\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>&#x1f4cc; \u4e0b\u7bc7\u9884\u544a<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0a\u7bc7\u6211\u4eec\u804a\u5b8c\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u673a\u5236\u548c C\/C&#043;&#043; \u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u4e0b\u7bc7\u5c06\u6df1\u5165&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Java&#xff1a;JVM \u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca\u6267\u884c &#043; JIT 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