{"id":98519,"date":"2026-09-01T02:16:53","date_gmt":"2026-08-31T18:16:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/98519.html"},"modified":"2026-09-01T02:16:53","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T18:16:53","slug":"%e4%bc%81%e4%b8%9a%e5%90%8e%e7%ab%af%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80%e7%89%88%e8%af%a5%e4%bf%9d%e7%95%99%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e8%83%bd%e5%8a%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/98519.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4f01\u4e1a\u540e\u7aef\u67b6\u6784\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u8be5\u4fdd\u7559\u54ea\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u529b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4f01\u4e1a\u540e\u7aef\u67b6\u6784\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u8be5\u4fdd\u7559\u54ea\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u529b<\/h2>\n

\"\u5c01\u9762\u4fe1\u606f\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u4f53\u7cfb\u521a\u4e0a\u7ebf\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5468，\u544a\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u97f3\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u505c\u8fc7：1 \u5206\u949f\u5185\u5f39\u51fa\u4e86 5,400 \u6761\u544a\u8b66\u3002\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u201c\u67d0\u4e2a\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u7684\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u63a5\u53e3 Latency \u7a0d\u5fae\u6ce2\u52a8\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u8def\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u975e\u6838\u5fc3 SQL \u8017\u65f6\u8d85\u8fc7 50ms\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u5c34\u5c2c\u7684\u662f，\u7531\u4e8e\u5f00\u542f\u4e86 OpenTelemetry \u7684\u5168\u91cf Trace \u91c7\u6837（\u6309\u68c0\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u786e\u8ba4 Sampling），\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027 Agent \u81ea\u8eab\u5360\u7528\u7684 CPU \u7adf\u7136\u5403\u6389\u4e86 Pod \u989d\u5ea6\u914d\u989d\u7684 15%，\u65e5\u5fd7\u4f20\u8f93\u76f4\u63a5\u6324\u7206\u4e86 ElasticSearch \u7684\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u5efa\u8bbe\u5207\u5fcc\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u201c\u5927\u800c\u5168\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u51c6\u6838\u5fc3\u94fe\u8def\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807，\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f85\u52a9\u6392\u969c，\u53cd\u800c\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u6df9\u6ca1\u771f\u5b9e\u6545\u969c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u566a\u97f3\u566a\u97f3\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

+———————————————————————————–+
\n| Spring Microservice Request Gateway |
\n+———————————————————————————–+
\n |
\n v
\n+———————————————————————————–+
\n| OpenTelemetry Adaptive Sampler & MDC Trace Injector |
\n| – Rate-limiting Sampler – Error Mandatory Sample – SLF4J MDC TraceId Injection |
\n+———————————————————————————–+
\n \/ \\\\
\n [Sampled] \/ \\\\ [Not Sampled \/ Normal]
\n v v
\n+————————————+ +——————————+
\n| Lightweight Exporter to OTel Collector| | Local Log MDC Trace Only & |
\n| (Minimal Metrics & Span Export) | | Suppress Full Trace Transport|
\n+————————————+ +——————————+<\/p>\n

1. \u73b0\u573a\u8bca\u65ad：OTel \u91c7\u6837\u5f00\u9500\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66\u566a\u58f0\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u521d\u671f，\u6392\u67e5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u91cf\u5316\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u635f\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bca\u65ad\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

# \u76d1\u6d4b OpenTelemetry Java Agent \u5360\u7528\u7684 CPU \u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500
\ntop -hp $(pgrep -f "java") | head -n 15<\/p>\n

# \u67e5\u770b OpenTelemetry Collector \u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u4e0e\u4e22\u5f03 Metrics \u72b6\u6001
\ncurl -s http:\/\/otel-collector.internal.net:8888\/metrics | grep "otelcol_processor_dropped_spans"<\/p>\n

# \u68c0\u67e5 ElasticSearch \u96c6\u7fa4\u65e5\u5747 Index \u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u78c1\u76d8\u5360\u7528
\ncurl -X GET "http:\/\/es-cluster.internal.net:9200\/_cat\/indices?v&s=store.size:desc" | head -n 10<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u9732\u51fa\u4e86\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e：\u5168\u91cf Trace \u6536\u96c6\u5bfc\u81f4\u539f\u672c\u53ea\u9700\u5904\u7406 1,000 QPS \u7684\u5fae\u670d\u52a1，\u989d\u5916\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6bcf\u79d2 20MB \u7684 Trace Data \u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5176\u4e2d 95% \u7684 Trace \u90fd\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684 HTTP 200 GET \u8bf7\u6c42，\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6392\u969c\u4ef7\u503c，\u5374\u767d\u767d\u70e7\u6389\u4e86\u5de8\u91cf\u7684 CPU \u8ba1\u7b97\u5468\u671f\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u751f\u4ea7\u7ea7 OpenTelemetry \u52a8\u6001\u91c7\u6837\u4e0e MDC \u6ce8\u5165\u5668<\/h3>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248 (MVP) \u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219\u662f：\u65e5\u5fd7\u5e94\u5e26 TraceID，\u4f46\u8fdc\u7a0b Trace \u4f20\u8f93\u5e94\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u91c7\u6837（Adaptive Sampling）\u3002\u51e1\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u666e\u901a\u8bf7\u6c42，\u4ec5\u6309 1% \u91c7\u6837；\u51e1\u662f\u629b\u51fa 5xx \u5f02\u5e38\u6216\u54cd\u5e94\u8d85\u8fc7 1 \u79d2\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42，\u6309\u68c0\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u786e\u8ba4 \u5f3a\u5236\u91c7\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5728 Spring Boot \u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7 OpenTelemetry \u91c7\u6837\u4e0e MDC \u5173\u8054\u7ec4\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

package com.example.observability.governance;<\/p>\n

import io.opentelemetry.api.trace.Span;
\nimport io.opentelemetry.api.trace.SpanContext;
\nimport io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.samplers.Sampler;
\nimport io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.samplers.SamplingDecision;
\nimport io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.samplers.SamplingResult;
\nimport org.slf4j.Logger;
\nimport org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
\nimport org.slf4j.MDC;
\nimport org.springframework.stereotype.Component;<\/p>\n

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;<\/p>\n

\/**
\n * \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248：\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u52a8\u6001\u91c7\u6837\u4e0e MDC \u6ce8\u5165\u5668
\n *\/
\n@Component
\npublic class AdaptiveObservabilitySampler implements Sampler {
\n private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AdaptiveObservabilitySampler.class);<\/p>\n

private static final String TRACE_ID_KEY = "traceId";
\n private static final double REGULAR_SAMPLE_RATE = 0.01; \/\/ \u666e\u901a\u6210\u529f\u8bf7\u6c42 1% \u91c7\u6837<\/p>\n

@Override
\n public SamplingResult shouldSample(
\n io.opentelemetry.context.Context parentContext,
\n String traceId,
\n String name,
\n io.opentelemetry.api.trace.SpanKind spanKind,
\n io.opentelemetry.api.common.Attributes attributes,
\n java.util.List<io.opentelemetry.api.trace.StatusCode> parentSpans) {<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a MDC \u53d8\u91cf，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709 SLF4J \u672c\u5730\u65e5\u5fd7\u90fd\u80fd\u5e26\u4e0a TraceID
\n MDC.put(TRACE_ID_KEY, traceId);<\/p>\n

\/\/ 1. \u4f18\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u94fe\u8def\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6709\u5f3a\u91c7\u6837\u6807\u8bb0
\n Span parentSpan = Span.fromContext(parentContext);
\n SpanContext parentSpanContext = parentSpan.getSpanContext();
\n if (parentSpanContext.isValid() && parentSpanContext.isSampled()) {
\n return SamplingResult.recordAndSample();
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ 2. \u6838\u5fc3\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u5df2\u77e5\u9ad8\u5371\u63a5\u53e3 100% \u91c7\u6837
\n if (name.contains("\/payment\/") || name.contains("\/order\/create")) {
\n return SamplingResult.recordAndSample();
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ 3. \u666e\u901a\u63a5\u53e3\u6982\u7387\u91c7\u6837 (1%)
\n if (ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextDouble() < REGULAR_SAMPLE_RATE) {
\n return SamplingResult.recordAndSample();
\n }<\/p>\n

return SamplingResult.create(SamplingDecision.DROP);
\n }<\/p>\n

@Override
\n public String getDescription() {
\n return "AdaptiveObservabilitySampler{regularRate=" + REGULAR_SAMPLE_RATE + "}";
\n }<\/p>\n

public static void clearMDC() {
\n MDC.remove(TRACE_ID_KEY);
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

3. \u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248 (MVP) \u7684\u526a\u679d\u51c6\u5219<\/h3>\n

\u642d\u5efa\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u4f53\u7cfb\u65f6，\u5e94\u575a\u51b3\u505a\u597d\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53d6\u820d：<\/p>\n