{"id":98430,"date":"2026-08-31T18:00:43","date_gmt":"2026-08-31T10:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/98430.html"},"modified":"2026-08-31T18:00:43","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T10:00:43","slug":"langgraph-%e6%8c%81%e4%b9%85%e5%8c%96%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/98430.html","title":{"rendered":"LangGraph \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"

LangGraph \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u8be6\u89e3<\/h2>\n
\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n

\u6301\u4e45\u5316（Persistence）\u662f LangGraph \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u4e00，\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u56fe\u72b6\u6001\u5728\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u6062\u590d\u3002LangGraph \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u673a\u5236：<\/p>\n\n\u673a\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8303\u56f4\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7c7b\u578b<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
Checkpointer<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u5b58\u56fe\u72b6\u6001\u5feb\u7167<\/td>\n\u5355\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b（Thread）<\/td>\n\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Store<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n\u8de8\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n\u957f\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92：\u652f\u6301\u4e2d\u65ad-\u6062\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41<\/li>\n
  • \u5bf9\u8bdd\u8bb0\u5fc6：\u8de8\u591a\u8f6e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/li>\n
  • \u65f6\u95f4\u65c5\u884c：\u56de\u6eaf\u5230\u5386\u53f2\u72b6\u6001\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n
  • \u5bb9\u9519\u6062\u590d：\u6545\u969c\u540e\u4ece\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6062\u590d\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n

    \u4e8c\u3001Checkpointer（\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u8bb0\u5f55\u5668）<\/h3>\n

    2.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/h4>\n

    Thread（\u7ebf\u7a0b）<\/h5>\n

    \u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5355\u5143，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684 thread_id\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

    config =<\/span> {<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>"thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "user-123"<\/span>}<\/span>}<\/span>
    \ngraph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>{<\/span>"input"<\/span>:<\/span> "hello"<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span> config)<\/span><\/p>\n

    Checkpoint（\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9）<\/h5>\n

    \u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d85\u7ea7\u6b65\u9aa4（Super-step）\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u56fe\u72b6\u6001\u5feb\u7167，\u7531 StateSnapshot \u5bf9\u8c61\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8d85\u7ea7\u6b65\u9aa4\u8bf4\u660e：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u5bf9\u4e8e\u987a\u5e8f\u56fe START \u2192 A \u2192 B \u2192 END，\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa4\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9<\/li>\n
    • \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u540e\u90fd\u4f1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9<\/li>\n
    • \u5e76\u884c\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u8d85\u7ea7\u6b65\u4e2d\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2.2 \u5185\u7f6e\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n

      InMemorySaver（\u5185\u5b58\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9）<\/h5>\n

      from<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>memory import<\/span> InMemorySaver<\/p>\n

      checkpointer =<\/span> InMemorySaver(<\/span>)<\/span>
      \ngraph =<\/span> builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>checkpointer=<\/span>checkpointer)<\/span><\/p>\n

      # \u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
      \nconfig =<\/span> {<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>"thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "1"<\/span>}<\/span>}<\/span>
      \nresult =<\/span> graph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>{<\/span>"foo"<\/span>:<\/span> ""<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span> config)<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u6ce8\u610f： InMemorySaver \u5c06\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 RAM \u4e2d，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931，\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n

      SqliteSaver（SQLite \u68c0\u67e5\u70b9）<\/h5>\n

      from<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>sqlite import<\/span> SqliteSaver<\/p>\n

      # \u540c\u6b65\u7248\u672c<\/span>
      \ncheckpointer =<\/span> SqliteSaver.<\/span>from_conn_string(<\/span>"checkpoints.sqlite"<\/span>)<\/span>
      \ngraph =<\/span> builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>checkpointer=<\/span>checkpointer)<\/span><\/p>\n

      # \u5f02\u6b65\u7248\u672c<\/span>
      \nfrom<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>sqlite.<\/span>aio import<\/span> AsyncSqliteSaver<\/p>\n

      async<\/span> with<\/span> AsyncSqliteSaver.<\/span>from_conn_string(<\/span>"checkpoints.sqlite"<\/span>)<\/span> as<\/span> checkpointer:<\/span>
      \n graph =<\/span> builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>checkpointer=<\/span>checkpointer)<\/span>
      \n result =<\/span> await<\/span> graph.<\/span>ainvoke(<\/span>{<\/span>"foo"<\/span>:<\/span> ""<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span> config)<\/span><\/p>\n

      PostgresSaver（PostgreSQL \u68c0\u67e5\u70b9）<\/h5>\n

      from<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>postgres import<\/span> PostgresSaver
      \nfrom<\/span> psycopg_pool import<\/span> ConnectionPool<\/p>\n

      DB_URI =<\/span> "postgresql:\/\/postgres:postgres@localhost:5432\/postgres"<\/span><\/p>\n

      # \u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60<\/span>
      \nwith<\/span> ConnectionPool(<\/span>conninfo=<\/span>DB_URI,<\/span> max_size=<\/span>20<\/span>)<\/span> as<\/span> pool:<\/span>
      \n checkpointer =<\/span> PostgresSaver(<\/span>pool)<\/span>
      \n checkpointer.<\/span>setup(<\/span>)<\/span> # \u9996\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/span><\/p>\n

      graph =<\/span> builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>checkpointer=<\/span>checkpointer)<\/span>
      \n result =<\/span> graph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>{<\/span>"foo"<\/span>:<\/span> ""<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span> config)<\/span><\/p>\n

      # \u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/span>
      \nwith<\/span> PostgresSaver.<\/span>from_conn_string(<\/span>DB_URI)<\/span> as<\/span> checkpointer:<\/span>
      \n graph =<\/span> builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>checkpointer=<\/span>checkpointer)<\/span><\/p>\n

      2.3 \u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5668\u63a5\u53e3<\/h4>\n

      \u6240\u6709\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5668\u90fd\u5b9e\u73b0 BaseCheckpointSaver \u63a5\u53e3：<\/p>\n\n\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
      put<\/td>\n\u5b58\u50a8\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u53ca\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u5143\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      put_writes<\/td>\n\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u95f4\u5199\u5165（\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u5199\u5165）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      get_tuple<\/td>\n\u83b7\u53d6\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5143\u7ec4，\u7528\u4e8e graph.get_state()<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      list<\/td>\n\u5217\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9，\u7528\u4e8e graph.get_state_history()<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      2.4 StateSnapshot \u5b57\u6bb5<\/h4>\n

      graph.get_state() \u8fd4\u56de\u7684 StateSnapshot \u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b57\u6bb5：<\/p>\n\n\u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      values<\/td>\ndict<\/td>\n\u6b64\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5904\u7684\u901a\u9053\u72b6\u6001\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      next<\/td>\ntuple<\/td>\n\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u540d\u79f0，\u7a7a\u5143\u7ec4\u8868\u793a\u56fe\u5df2\u7ed3\u675f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      config<\/td>\ndict<\/td>\n\u5305\u542b thread_id\u3001checkpoint_ns\u3001checkpoint_id<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      metadata<\/td>\ndict<\/td>\n\u6267\u884c\u5143\u6570\u636e：source\u3001writes\u3001step<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      created_at<\/td>\nstr<\/td>\n\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4（ISO 8601）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      parent_config<\/td>\ndict | None<\/td>\n\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      tasks<\/td>\ntuple<\/td>\n\u6b64\u6b65\u9aa4\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5217\u8868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n

      \u4e09\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

      3.1 \u83b7\u53d6\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n

      # \u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
      \nconfig =<\/span> {<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>"thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "1"<\/span>}<\/span>}<\/span>
      \nstate =<\/span> graph.<\/span>get_state(<\/span>config)<\/span><\/p>\n

      # \u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9<\/span>
      \nconfig =<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n "configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n "thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "1"<\/span>,<\/span>
      \n "checkpoint_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "1ef663ba-28fe-6528-8002-5a559208592c"<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n}<\/span>
      \nstate =<\/span> graph.<\/span>get_state(<\/span>config)<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.2 \u83b7\u53d6\u72b6\u6001\u5386\u53f2<\/h4>\n

      config =<\/span> {<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>"thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "1"<\/span>}<\/span>}<\/span>
      \nhistory =<\/span> graph.<\/span>get_state_history(<\/span>config)<\/span><\/p>\n

      # \u904d\u5386\u5386\u53f2<\/span>
      \nfor<\/span> checkpoint in<\/span> history:<\/span>
      \n print<\/span>(<\/span>f"Step: <\/span>{<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>metadata[<\/span>'step'<\/span>]<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>
      \n print<\/span>(<\/span>f"Values: <\/span>{<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>values}<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>
      \n print<\/span>(<\/span>f"Next: <\/span>{<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>next<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

      3.3 \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n

      \u4f7f\u7528 update_state \u7f16\u8f91\u56fe\u72b6\u6001，\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9：<\/p>\n

      config =<\/span> {<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>"thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "1"<\/span>}<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

      # \u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
      \ngraph.<\/span>update_state(<\/span>
      \n config,<\/span>
      \n values=<\/span>{<\/span>"foo"<\/span>:<\/span> "updated_value"<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span>
      \n as_node=<\/span>"node_a"<\/span> # \u53ef\u9009：\u6307\u5b9a\u66f4\u65b0\u6765\u6e90\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
      \n)<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5173\u952e\u70b9：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u66f4\u65b0\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u59cb\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9，\u800c\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9<\/li>\n
      • \u5982\u679c\u5b57\u6bb5\u6709 reducer \u51fd\u6570，\u503c\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7 reducer \u5904\u7406<\/li>\n
      • as_node \u53c2\u6570\u5f71\u54cd\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6267\u884c\u54ea\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n

        \u56db\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u65c5\u884c（Time Travel）<\/h3>\n

        \u65f6\u95f4\u65c5\u884c\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u56fe，\u662f LangGraph \u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u8c03\u8bd5\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

        4.1 \u91cd\u653e（Replay）<\/h4>\n

        \u4ece\u7279\u5b9a\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u6b65\u9aa4：<\/p>\n

        # \u4ece checkpoint_id \u91cd\u653e<\/span>
        \nconfig =<\/span> {<\/span>
        \n "configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>
        \n "thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "1"<\/span>,<\/span>
        \n "checkpoint_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "1ef663ba-28fe-6528-8002-5a559208592c"<\/span>
        \n }<\/span>
        \n}<\/span>
        \nresult =<\/span> graph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>None<\/span>,<\/span> config)<\/span> # \u4f20\u5165 None \u89e6\u53d1\u91cd\u653e<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u91cd\u653e\u884c\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u88ab\u8df3\u8fc7（\u5df2\u4fdd\u5b58）<\/li>\n
        • \u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n
        • LLM \u8c03\u7528\u3001API \u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u4e2d\u65ad\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u89e6\u53d1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          4.2 \u5206\u53c9（Fork）<\/h4>\n

          \u901a\u8fc7 update_state \u521b\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u53c9：<\/p>\n

          # \u83b7\u53d6\u5386\u53f2<\/span>
          \nhistory =<\/span> list<\/span>(<\/span>graph.<\/span>get_state_history(<\/span>config)<\/span>)<\/span>
          \noldest_checkpoint =<\/span> history[<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u4ece\u65e7\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5206\u53c9<\/span>
          \nfork_config =<\/span> oldest_checkpoint.<\/span>config
          \ngraph.<\/span>update_state(<\/span>
          \n fork_config,<\/span>
          \n values=<\/span>{<\/span>"foo"<\/span>:<\/span> "forked_value"<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span>
          \n as_node=<\/span>"node_a"<\/span>
          \n)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c（\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84）<\/span>
          \nresult =<\/span> graph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>None<\/span>,<\/span> fork_config)<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n

          \u4e94\u3001\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92（Human-in-the-Loop）<\/h3>\n

          \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

          5.1 \u4e2d\u65ad\u70b9\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n

          \u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u56fe\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u65ad\u70b9：<\/p>\n

          graph =<\/span> builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>
          \n checkpointer=<\/span>checkpointer,<\/span>
          \n interrupt_before=<\/span>[<\/span>"human_review_node"<\/span>]<\/span>,<\/span> # \u8fdb\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u524d\u4e2d\u65ad<\/span>
          \n interrupt_after=<\/span>[<\/span>"ai_generate_node"<\/span>]<\/span> # \u79bb\u5f00\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u4e2d\u65ad<\/span>
          \n)<\/span><\/p>\n

          5.2 \u4e2d\u65ad-\u6062\u590d\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n

          # 1. \u6267\u884c\u56fe，\u4f1a\u5728\u4e2d\u65ad\u70b9\u6682\u505c<\/span>
          \nconfig =<\/span> {<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>"thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "1"<\/span>}<\/span>}<\/span>
          \nresult =<\/span> graph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>{<\/span>"input"<\/span>:<\/span> "user query"<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span> config)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # 2. \u68c0\u67e5\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
          \nstate =<\/span> graph.<\/span>get_state(<\/span>config)<\/span>
          \nprint<\/span>(<\/span>state.<\/span>next<\/span>)<\/span> # ('human_review_node',)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # 3. \u4eba\u5de5\u5ba1\u6838\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
          \ngraph.<\/span>update_state(<\/span>
          \n config,<\/span>
          \n values=<\/span>{<\/span>"approval"<\/span>:<\/span> True<\/span>,<\/span> "feedback"<\/span>:<\/span> "looks good"<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span>
          \n as_node=<\/span>"human_review_node"<\/span>
          \n)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # 4. \u6062\u590d\u6267\u884c<\/span>
          \nresult =<\/span> graph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>None<\/span>,<\/span> config)<\/span><\/p>\n

          5.3 \u5f85\u5904\u7406\u5199\u5165（Pending Writes）<\/h4>\n

          \u5f53\u8d85\u7ea7\u6b65\u4e2d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u5931\u8d25\u65f6，LangGraph \u4f1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u6210\u529f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5199\u5165：<\/p>\n

          # \u6062\u590d\u65f6，\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5199\u5165\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559<\/span>
          \n# \u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8282\u70b9<\/span>
          \nresult =<\/span> graph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>None<\/span>,<\/span> config)<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n

          \u516d\u3001Store（\u5b58\u50a8）<\/h3>\n

          Store \u7528\u4e8e\u8de8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e，\u5b9e\u73b0\u957f\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002<\/p>\n

          6.1 \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n

          from<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>store.<\/span>memory import<\/span> InMemoryStore<\/p>\n

          store =<\/span> InMemoryStore(<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u7f16\u8bd1\u56fe\u65f6\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 checkpointer \u548c store<\/span>
          \ngraph =<\/span> builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>
          \n checkpointer=<\/span>checkpointer,<\/span>
          \n store=<\/span>store
          \n)<\/span><\/p>\n

          6.2 \u5728\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee Store<\/h4>\n

          from<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>store.<\/span>base import<\/span> BaseStore<\/p>\n

          def<\/span> my_node<\/span>(<\/span>state,<\/span> config,<\/span> *<\/span>,<\/span> store:<\/span> BaseStore)<\/span>:<\/span>
          \n user_id =<\/span> config[<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>]<\/span>[<\/span>"user_id"<\/span>]<\/span>
          \n namespace =<\/span> (<\/span>"user_preferences"<\/span>,<\/span> user_id)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u8bfb\u53d6\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/span>
          \n memories =<\/span> store.<\/span>search(<\/span>namespace,<\/span> query=<\/span>"favorite color"<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/span>
          \n store.<\/span>put(<\/span>
          \n namespace,<\/span>
          \n "preference_1"<\/span>,<\/span>
          \n {<\/span>"data"<\/span>:<\/span> "blue is favorite color"<\/span>}<\/span>
          \n )<\/span><\/p>\n

          return<\/span> {<\/span>"response"<\/span>:<\/span> f"Hello <\/span>{<\/span>user_id}<\/span><\/span>!"<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

          6.3 \u8de8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bb0\u5fc6\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n

          from<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>memory import<\/span> InMemorySaver
          \nfrom<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>store.<\/span>memory import<\/span> InMemoryStore<\/p>\n

          checkpointer =<\/span> InMemorySaver(<\/span>)<\/span>
          \nstore =<\/span> InMemoryStore(<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u8282\u70b9\u51fd\u6570<\/span>
          \ndef<\/span> chatbot<\/span>(<\/span>state,<\/span> config,<\/span> *<\/span>,<\/span> store:<\/span> BaseStore)<\/span>:<\/span>
          \n user_id =<\/span> config[<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>]<\/span>[<\/span>"user_id"<\/span>]<\/span>
          \n namespace =<\/span> (<\/span>"memories"<\/span>,<\/span> user_id)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/span>
          \n memories =<\/span> store.<\/span>search(<\/span>namespace)<\/span>
          \n memory_text =<\/span> "\\\\n"<\/span>.<\/span>join(<\/span>[<\/span>m.<\/span>value[<\/span>"data"<\/span>]<\/span> for<\/span> m in<\/span> memories]<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
          \n last_message =<\/span> state[<\/span>"messages"<\/span>]<\/span>[<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span>.<\/span>content
          \n if<\/span> "remember"<\/span> in<\/span> last_message.<\/span>lower(<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
          \n store.<\/span>put(<\/span>namespace,<\/span> str<\/span>(<\/span>uuid.<\/span>uuid4(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span>"data"<\/span>:<\/span> "User prefers dark mode"<\/span>}<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u4f7f\u7528\u8bb0\u5fc6\u751f\u6210\u56de\u590d<\/span>
          \n response =<\/span> model.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>[<\/span>
          \n {<\/span>"role"<\/span>:<\/span> "system"<\/span>,<\/span> "content"<\/span>:<\/span> f"User memories:\\\\n<\/span>{<\/span>memory_text}<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span>
          \n *<\/span>state[<\/span>"messages"<\/span>]<\/span>
          \n ]<\/span>)<\/span>
          \n return<\/span> {<\/span>"messages"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>response]<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u7f16\u8bd1\u56fe<\/span>
          \ngraph =<\/span> builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>checkpointer=<\/span>checkpointer,<\/span> store=<\/span>store)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u7ebf\u7a0b1：\u7528\u6237\u544a\u8bc9\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u8bb0\u4f4f\u504f\u597d<\/span>
          \nconfig1 =<\/span> {<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>"thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "thread-1"<\/span>,<\/span> "user_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "user-123"<\/span>}<\/span>}<\/span>
          \ngraph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>{<\/span>"messages"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>(<\/span>"user"<\/span>,<\/span> "Remember that I like blue"<\/span>)<\/span>]<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span> config1)<\/span><\/p>\n

          # \u7ebf\u7a0b2：\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7528\u6237\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/span>
          \nconfig2 =<\/span> {<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>"thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "thread-2"<\/span>,<\/span> "user_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "user-123"<\/span>}<\/span>}<\/span>
          \ngraph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>{<\/span>"messages"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>(<\/span>"user"<\/span>,<\/span> "What's my favorite color?"<\/span>)<\/span>]<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span> config2)<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n

          \u4e03\u3001\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/h3>\n

          \u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5668\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u72b6\u6001\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u548c\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

          7.1 JsonPlusSerializer<\/h4>\n

          LangGraph \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528 JsonPlusSerializer，\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b：<\/p>\n

            \n
          • LangChain \u548c LangGraph \u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n
          • \u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u679a\u4e3e<\/li>\n
          • Pydantic \u6a21\u578b<\/li>\n
          • \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            from<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>serde.<\/span>jsonplus import<\/span> JsonPlusSerializer<\/p>\n

            serde =<\/span> JsonPlusSerializer(<\/span>)<\/span>
            \ncheckpointer =<\/span> InMemorySaver(<\/span>serde=<\/span>serde)<\/span><\/p>\n

            7.2 EncryptedSerializer（\u52a0\u5bc6\u5e8f\u5217\u5316）<\/h4>\n

            \u652f\u6301\u52a0\u5bc6\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u72b6\u6001：<\/p>\n

            from<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>serde.<\/span>encrypted import<\/span> EncryptedSerializer<\/p>\n

            # \u4ece\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8bfb\u53d6\u5bc6\u94a5<\/span>
            \nencrypted_serde =<\/span> EncryptedSerializer.<\/span>from_pycryptodome_aes(<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a\u5bc6\u94a5<\/span>
            \nencrypted_serde =<\/span> EncryptedSerializer.<\/span>from_pycryptodome_aes(<\/span>key=<\/span>"your-secret-key"<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            checkpointer =<\/span> InMemorySaver(<\/span>serde=<\/span>encrypted_serde)<\/span><\/p>\n

            \n

            \u516b\u3001Checkpointer \u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\u7279\u6027InMemorySaverSqliteSaverPostgresSaver<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\nRAM<\/td>\n\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u6301\u4e45\u6027<\/td>\n\u274c \u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cd\u542f\u4e22\u5931<\/td>\n\u2705 \u6587\u4ef6\u6301\u4e45<\/td>\n\u2705 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6301\u4e45<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u5f02\u6b65\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n\u2705<\/td>\n\u2705<\/td>\n\u2705<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u4f4e<\/td>\n\u4e2d<\/td>\n\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n\u5f00\u53d1\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td>\n\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1<\/td>\n\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u5b89\u88c5\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>\n\u5185\u7f6e<\/td>\npip install langgraph-checkpoint-sqlite<\/td>\npip install langgraph-checkpoint-postgres<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
            \n

            \u4e5d\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n

            9.1 \u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5668<\/h4>\n

            # \u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883<\/span>
            \ncheckpointer =<\/span> InMemorySaver(<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\/\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee<\/span>
            \ncheckpointer =<\/span> SqliteSaver.<\/span>from_conn_string(<\/span>"checkpoints.sqlite"<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883<\/span>
            \ncheckpointer =<\/span> PostgresSaver.<\/span>from_conn_string(<\/span>"postgresql:\/\/…"<\/span>)<\/span>
            \ncheckpointer.<\/span>setup(<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            9.2 \u7ba1\u7406\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5927\u5c0f<\/h4>\n

            \u957f\u671f\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u65e0\u9650\u589e\u957f，\u5b9a\u671f\u6e05\u7406：<\/p>\n

            # \u83b7\u53d6\u72b6\u6001\u5386\u53f2<\/span>
            \nhistory =<\/span> graph.<\/span>get_state_history(<\/span>config)<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u5220\u9664\u65e7\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9（\u4fdd\u7559\u6700\u8fd1N\u4e2a）<\/span>
            \nfor<\/span> checkpoint in<\/span> history[<\/span>10<\/span>:<\/span>]<\/span>:<\/span> # \u4fdd\u7559\u524d10\u4e2a<\/span>
            \n checkpointer.<\/span>delete_thread(<\/span>config[<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>]<\/span>[<\/span>"thread_id"<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            9.3 \u4f7f\u7528 Reducer \u5904\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u66f4\u65b0<\/h4>\n

            from<\/span> typing import<\/span> Annotated
            \nfrom<\/span> operator import<\/span> add<\/p>\n

            class<\/span> State<\/span>(<\/span>TypedDict)<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n messages:<\/span> Annotated[<\/span>list<\/span>,<\/span> add]<\/span> # \u6d88\u606f\u5217\u8868\u4f7f\u7528 add reducer<\/span>
            \n context:<\/span> str<\/span> # \u666e\u901a\u5b57\u6bb5\u76f4\u63a5\u8986\u76d6<\/span><\/p>\n

            # update_state \u65f6，messages \u4f1a\u8ffd\u52a0\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8986\u76d6<\/span>
            \ngraph.<\/span>update_state(<\/span>config,<\/span> values=<\/span>{<\/span>"messages"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>new_message]<\/span>}<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            9.4 \u5b50\u56fe\u6301\u4e45\u5316<\/h4>\n

            \u4e3a\u5b50\u56fe\u914d\u7f6e\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 checkpointer：<\/p>\n

            # \u5b50\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u72ec\u7acb checkpointer<\/span>
            \nsubgraph_builder =<\/span> StateGraph(<\/span>SubState)<\/span>
            \nsubgraph =<\/span> subgraph_builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>checkpointer=<\/span>True<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u6216\u5171\u4eab\u7236\u56fe\u7684 checkpointer<\/span>
            \nsubgraph =<\/span> subgraph_builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>checkpointer=<\/span>parent_checkpointer)<\/span><\/p>\n

            \n

            \u5341\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\u793a\u4f8b：\u591a\u8f6e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u673a\u5668\u4eba<\/h3>\n

            from<\/span> typing import<\/span> TypedDict,<\/span> Annotated
            \nfrom<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>graph import<\/span> StateGraph,<\/span> START,<\/span> END
            \nfrom<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>checkpoint.<\/span>memory import<\/span> InMemorySaver
            \nfrom<\/span> langgraph.<\/span>store.<\/span>memory import<\/span> InMemoryStore
            \nfrom<\/span> langchain_core.<\/span>messages import<\/span> BaseMessage,<\/span> HumanMessage,<\/span> AIMessage
            \nfrom<\/span> langchain_openai import<\/span> ChatOpenAI<\/p>\n

            class<\/span> ChatState<\/span>(<\/span>TypedDict)<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n messages:<\/span> Annotated[<\/span>list<\/span>[<\/span>BaseMessage]<\/span>,<\/span> "append"<\/span>]<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u6a21\u578b<\/span>
            \nmodel =<\/span> ChatOpenAI(<\/span>model=<\/span>"gpt-4"<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u8282\u70b9<\/span>
            \ndef<\/span> chatbot<\/span>(<\/span>state:<\/span> ChatState)<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n response =<\/span> model.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>state[<\/span>"messages"<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n return<\/span> {<\/span>"messages"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>response]<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u6784\u5efa\u56fe<\/span>
            \nbuilder =<\/span> StateGraph(<\/span>ChatState)<\/span>
            \nbuilder.<\/span>add_node(<\/span>"chatbot"<\/span>,<\/span> chatbot)<\/span>
            \nbuilder.<\/span>add_edge(<\/span>START,<\/span> "chatbot"<\/span>)<\/span>
            \nbuilder.<\/span>add_edge(<\/span>"chatbot"<\/span>,<\/span> END)<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
            \ncheckpointer =<\/span> InMemorySaver(<\/span>)<\/span>
            \nstore =<\/span> InMemoryStore(<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            graph =<\/span> builder.<\/span>compile<\/span>(<\/span>
            \n checkpointer=<\/span>checkpointer,<\/span>
            \n store=<\/span>store
            \n)<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u591a\u8f6e\u5bf9\u8bdd<\/span>
            \nconfig =<\/span> {<\/span>"configurable"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>"thread_id"<\/span>:<\/span> "user-001"<\/span>}<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e<\/span>
            \nresult1 =<\/span> graph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>"messages"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>HumanMessage(<\/span>content=<\/span>"Hi, I'm Alice"<\/span>)<\/span>]<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span>
            \n config
            \n)<\/span>
            \nprint<\/span>(<\/span>result1[<\/span>"messages"<\/span>]<\/span>[<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span>.<\/span>content)<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e（\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587）<\/span>
            \nresult2 =<\/span> graph.<\/span>invoke(<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>"messages"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>HumanMessage(<\/span>content=<\/span>"What's my name?"<\/span>)<\/span>]<\/span>}<\/span>,<\/span>
            \n config
            \n)<\/span>
            \nprint<\/span>(<\/span>result2[<\/span>"messages"<\/span>]<\/span>[<\/span>–<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span>.<\/span>content)<\/span> # "Your name is Alice"<\/span><\/p>\n

            # \u67e5\u770b\u72b6\u6001\u5386\u53f2<\/span>
            \nhistory =<\/span> list<\/span>(<\/span>graph.<\/span>get_state_history(<\/span>config)<\/span>)<\/span>
            \nprint<\/span>(<\/span>f"Total checkpoints: <\/span>{<\/span>len<\/span>(<\/span>history)<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

            \n

            \u5341\u4e00\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

            LangGraph \u7684\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u673a\u5236\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 AI \u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840：<\/p>\n

          • \n

            Checkpointer：\u4fdd\u5b58\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u56fe\u72b6\u6001\u5feb\u7167<\/p>\n

              \n
            • InMemorySaver：\u5f00\u53d1\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n
            • SqliteSaver：\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1<\/li>\n
            • PostgresSaver：\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
            • \n

              Store：\u8de8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u7528\u6237\u504f\u597d\u548c\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/li>\n
              • \u5171\u4eab\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
              • \n

                \u72b6\u6001\u7ba1\u7406：<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • get_state：\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n
                • get_state_history：\u67e5\u770b\u6267\u884c\u5386\u53f2<\/li>\n
                • update_state：\u7f16\u8f91\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u5206\u53c9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                • \n

                  \u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027：<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \u65f6\u95f4\u65c5\u884c：\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u72b6\u6001\u91cd\u653e<\/li>\n
                  • \u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92：\u4e2d\u65ad-\u6062\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41<\/li>\n
                  • \u5bb9\u9519\u6062\u590d：\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u5199\u5165\u4fdd\u7559<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    LangGraph \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u8be6\u89e3\u4e00\u3001\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6982\u8ff0
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