{"id":97564,"date":"2026-08-29T20:00:45","date_gmt":"2026-08-29T12:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/97564.html"},"modified":"2026-08-29T20:00:45","modified_gmt":"2026-08-29T12:00:45","slug":"linux%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%ef%bc%9a%e4%bf%a1%e5%8f%b7%e3%80%81%e6%b6%88%e6%81%af%e9%98%9f%e5%88%97%e4%b8%8e%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%ab%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/97564.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a\u4fe1\u53f7\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u4e0e\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a5\u7740\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7IPC\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u7bc7\u628a\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e92\u76f8\u72ec\u7acb&#xff0c;\u8981\u901a\u4fe1\u5c31\u5f97\u501f\u52a9\u5185\u6838&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fIPC\u3002\u524d\u9762\u5199\u4e86\u7ba1\u9053&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u7bc7\u4ece\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u643a\u5e26\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f02\u6b65\u901a\u77e5&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53eb\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5f97\u8bb0\u4f4f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>SIGINT&#xff08;2&#xff09;&#xff1a;Ctrl&#043;C&#xff0c;\u6253\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>SIGQUIT&#xff08;3&#xff09;&#xff1a;Ctrl&#043;\\\\&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u675f\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>SIGKILL&#xff08;9&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5f3a\u5236\u7ed3\u675f\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5ffd\u7565<\/p>\n<p>SIGSEGV&#xff08;11&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n<p>SIGPIPE&#xff08;13&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u7ba1\u9053\u7834\u88c2<\/p>\n<p>SIGALRM&#xff08;14&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u5230<\/p>\n<p>SIGCHLD&#xff08;17&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u53d1\u7ed9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>SIGCONT&#xff08;18&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u8ba9\u505c\u6b62\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n<p>SIGSTOP&#xff08;19&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5f3a\u5236\u8ba9\u8fd0\u884c\u6001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6682\u505c<\/p>\n<p>SIGTSTP&#xff08;20&#xff09;&#xff1a;Ctrl&#043;Z&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u5165\u6682\u505c\u6001<\/p>\n<p>SIGUSR1&#xff08;10&#xff09;\u3001SIGUSR2&#xff08;12&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u9884\u7559\u7ed9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u81ea\u5df1\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4fe1\u53f7\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;\u5ffd\u7565\u3001\u7f3a\u7701&#xff08;\u6309\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6765&#xff0c;\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u7ed3\u675f\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff09;\u3001\u6355\u83b7&#xff08;\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570&#xff09;\u3002\u4e0d\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u8bdd\u81ea\u52a8\u6309\u7f3a\u7701\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c3d\u91cf\u65e9\u6ce8\u518c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u56db\u4e2a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u6ce8\u518c\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n<p>sighandler_t signal(int signum, sighandler_t handler);<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ handler: SIG_IGN\u5ffd\u7565 \/ SIG_DFL\u7f3a\u7701 \/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n<p>int kill(pid_t pid, int sig);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u6302\u8d77\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5524\u9192<\/p>\n<p>void pause(void);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5b9a\u65f6seconds\u79d2\u540e\u53d1SIGALRM<\/p>\n<p>unsigned int alarm(unsigned int seconds);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5199\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u4f8b\u5b50&#xff0c;\u6355\u83b7Ctrl&#043;C&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;signal.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>void handler(int sig)<\/p>\n<p>{<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 printf(&#034;\u6536\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7%d&#xff0c;\u9000\u51fa\\\\n&#034;, sig);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 _exit(0);<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>int main(void)<\/p>\n<p>{<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 signal(SIGINT, handler);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 while (1)<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 {<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 printf(&#034;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d&#8230;\\\\n&#034;);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 sleep(1);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 return 0;<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610fSIGKILL\u548cSIGSTOP\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5ffd\u7565&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5kill -9\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u6740\u6389\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u662fSystem V\u7684IPC\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u601d\u8def\u662f\u628a\u901a\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u6d88\u606f\u4f53\u6765\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6d88\u606f\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff1a;ftok\u83b7\u53d6key \u2192 msgget\u521b\u5efa\u961f\u5217 \u2192 msgsnd\u53d1\u6d88\u606f \u2192 msgrcv\u6536\u6d88\u606f \u2192 msgctl\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u4ea7\u751fIPC\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684key\u503c<\/p>\n<p>key_t ftok(const char *pathname, int proj_id);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217&#xff0c;msgflg\u4e00\u822c\u4f20 IPC_CREAT|0664<\/p>\n<p>int msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f<\/p>\n<p>int msgsnd(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u6d88\u606f&#xff0c;msgtyp\u6307\u5b9a\u63a5\u6536\u54ea\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n<p>ssize_t msgrcv(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp, int msgflg);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u64cd\u4f5c\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217&#xff0c;\u5220\u9664\u7528 IPC_RMID&#xff0c;buf\u4f20NULL<\/p>\n<p>int msgctl(int msqid, int cmd, struct msqid_ds *buf);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6d88\u606f\u4f53\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u5927\u4e8e0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>struct msgbuf {<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 long mtype; \/\/ \u6d88\u606f\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b &gt; 0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 char mtext[128]; \/\/ \u6d88\u606f\u6b63\u6587&#xff0c;\u5927\u5c0f\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>};<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u5927\u6982\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>key_t key &#061; ftok(&#034;.&#034;, 100);<\/p>\n<p>int msgid &#061; msgget(key, IPC_CREAT | 0664);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>struct msgbuf msg;<\/p>\n<p>msg.mtype &#061; 1;<\/p>\n<p>strcpy(msg.mtext, &#034;hello message queue&#034;);<\/p>\n<p>msgsnd(msgid, &amp;msg, sizeof(msg.mtext), 0);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u6536\u7aef&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>struct msgbuf msg;<\/p>\n<p>msgrcv(msgid, &amp;msg, sizeof(msg.mtext), 1, 0); \/\/ \u53ea\u6536\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a1\u7684<\/p>\n<p>printf(&#034;\u6536\u5230: %s\\\\n&#034;, msg.mtext);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u5b8c\u5220\u6389&#xff1a;\u00a0msgctl(msgid, IPC_RMID, NULL);\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>System V\u7684IPC\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u4f1a\u968f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u81ea\u52a8\u6d88\u5931&#xff0c;\u5f97\u624b\u52a8\u5220\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>ipcs -a # \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709IPC\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<p>ipcrm -q msgid # \u6309ID\u5220\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<\/p>\n<p>ipcrm -Q msgkey # \u6309key\u5220\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u6548\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u539f\u7406\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04&#xff0c;\u628a\u540c\u4e00\u6bb5\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53cd\u590d\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u4e09\u6b65&#xff1a;shmget\u521b\u5efa \u2192 shmat\u6620\u5c04 \u2192 shmctl\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;size\u4e00\u822c\u662f4096\u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d<\/p>\n<p>int shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int shmflg);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5efa\u7acb\u6620\u5c04&#xff0c;shmaddr\u4f20NULL\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u9009\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u6620\u5c04\u540e\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<p>void *shmat(int shmid, const void *shmaddr, int shmflg);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u64cd\u4f5c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u5220\u9664\u7528 IPC_RMID<\/p>\n<p>int shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds *buf);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5199\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u4f8b\u5b50&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5199&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5199\u7aef&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>key_t key &#061; ftok(&#034;.&#034;, 200);<\/p>\n<p>int shmid &#061; shmget(key, 4096, IPC_CREAT | 0664);<\/p>\n<p>char *p &#061; (char *)shmat(shmid, NULL, 0); \/\/ \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>strcpy(p, &#034;hello shared memory&#034;); \/\/ \u76f4\u63a5\u5199<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bfb\u7aef&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>key_t key &#061; ftok(&#034;.&#034;, 200);<\/p>\n<p>int shmid &#061; shmget(key, 4096, IPC_CREAT | 0664);<\/p>\n<p>char *p &#061; (char *)shmat(shmid, NULL, SHM_RDONLY); \/\/ \u53ea\u8bfb\u6620\u5c04<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>printf(&#034;\u8bfb\u5230: %s\\\\n&#034;, p);<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u5b8c\u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04\u3001\u5220\u9664&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>shmdt(p); \/\/ \u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04<\/p>\n<p>shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6548\u7387\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5199\u4f1a\u51fa\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u914d\u5408\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u6216\u8005\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u6765\u7528\u3002\u5220\u9664\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u7c7b\u4f3c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>bash<\/p>\n<p>ipcrm -m shmid # \u6309ID\u5220\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n<p>ipcrm -M shmkey # \u6309key\u5220\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u96c6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u96c6\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u6570\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cc\u5b66\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u601d\u8def\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7P\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff08;\u7533\u8bf7&#xff09;\u548cV\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff08;\u91ca\u653e&#xff09;\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u8bc1\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u6709\u5148\u540e\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fIPC\u673a\u5236\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7ba1\u9053\u9002\u5408\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41&#xff0c;\u4fe1\u53f7\u9002\u5408\u5f02\u6b65\u901a\u77e5&#xff0c;\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u5e26\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7&#xff0c;\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6548\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u540c\u6b65&#xff0c;\u6839\u636e\u573a\u666f\u9009\u5c31\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a5\u7740\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7IPC\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u7bc7\u628a\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e92\u76f8\u72ec\u7acb&#xff0c;\u8981\u901a\u4fe1\u5c31\u5f97\u501f\u52a9\u5185\u6838&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fIPC\u3002\u524d\u9762\u5199\u4e86\u7ba1\u9053&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u7bc7\u4ece\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u4e00\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u643a\u5e26\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f02\u6b65\u901a\u77e5&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53eb\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5f97\u8bb0\u4f4f&#xff1a;SIGINT&#xff08;2&#xff09;&#xff1a;CtrlC&#xff0c;\u6253\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0bSI<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,371,305,427],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-97564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-linux","tag-371","tag-305","tag-427"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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