{"id":96817,"date":"2026-08-28T12:41:05","date_gmt":"2026-08-28T04:41:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/96817.html"},"modified":"2026-08-28T12:41:05","modified_gmt":"2026-08-28T04:41:05","slug":"%e6%8b%92%e7%bb%9d%e8%83%8c%e9%94%85%ef%bc%81%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%8d%a1%e9%a1%bfcpu%e5%8d%b4%e7%a9%ba%e9%97%b2%ef%bc%9f%e4%b8%80%e6%96%87%e6%8f%aa%e5%87%ba%e7%a3%81%e7%9b%98i-o%e8%bf%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/96817.html","title":{"rendered":"\u62d2\u7edd\u80cc\u9505\uff01\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5361\u987fCPU\u5374\u7a7a\u95f2\uff1f\u4e00\u6587\u63ea\u51fa\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u9690\u5f62\u6740\u624b\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u597d&#xff0c;\u6211\u662f\u4e09\u5473\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u6280\u672f\u7fa4\u91cc&#xff08;QQ\u7fa4&#xff1a;949793437&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6709\u4f4d\u670b\u53cb\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAlmaLinux 9.7 \u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d&#xff1f;\u6211\u62c5\u5fc3\u78c1\u76d8\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u53ea\u4f1a\u7528 uptime \u548c df \u591f\u5417&#xff1f;\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u7b80\u76f4\u662f\u7075\u9b42\u53d1\u95ee&#xff01;<\/p>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668 Load Average&#xff08;\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d&#xff09;\u98d9\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u5e94\u7528\u54cd\u5e94\u53d8\u6162&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e00\u770b CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387&#xff08;User%&#xff09;\u5374\u53ea\u6709 5%&#xff0c;\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u8fd8\u5269\u4e00\u5927\u628a\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u4f1a top&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u771f\u7684\u675f\u624b\u65e0\u7b56\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e&#xff0c;90% \u7684\u201c\u8be1\u5f02\u5361\u987f\u201d\u90fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u5b83\u2014\u2014\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O&#xff08;\u8f93\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa&#xff09;\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\u4e09\u5473\u5c31\u5e26\u5927\u5bb6\u629b\u5f03\u90a3\u4e9b\u201c\u82b1\u67b6\u5b50\u201d&#xff0c;\u7528\u6700\u786c\u6838\u7684\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u628a\u78c1\u76d8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u770b\u4e2a\u901a\u901a\u900f\u900f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/20260828044104-6a9111605c24a.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 top \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9a97\u4f60&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u6572\u4e0b top&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u76ef\u7740 CPU \u7684 us&#xff08;\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff09;\u548c sy&#xff08;\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff09;\u3002\u4f46\u8bf7\u5f80\u53f3\u4e0a\u89d2\u770b&#xff0c;\u90a3\u91cc\u85cf\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807&#xff1a;%wa (I\/O Wait)\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>%wa \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f; \u5b83\u4ee3\u8868 CPU \u5904\u4e8e\u201c\u7a7a\u95f2\u201d\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f2&#xff0c;\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5199\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u6b63\u5728\u82e6\u82e6\u7b49\u5f85\u78c1\u76d8\u628a\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u56de\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8b66\u62a5\u7ebf&#xff1a; \u5982\u679c %wa \u957f\u671f\u8d85\u8fc7 10% \u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u522b\u6000\u7591&#xff0c;\u4f60\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u77ed\u677f\u4e86&#xff01;CPU \u518d\u5feb\u4e5f\u6ca1\u7528&#xff0c;\u5168\u5835\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a; \u5f88\u591a\u670b\u53cb\u559c\u6b22\u7528\u589e\u5f3a\u7248\u7684 htop&#xff0c;\u4f46\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 htop \u754c\u9762\u5c45\u7136\u4e0d\u663e\u793a %wa&#xff01;\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6309 F2 -&gt; Meters -&gt; CPU -&gt; \u5207\u6362\u6837\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u4e2a\u5927\u5751&#xff0c;\u8981\u6ce8\u610f&#xff01;<\/p>\n<h5>2. \u795e\u5668\u4e00&#xff1a;iostat \u2014\u2014 \u5b8f\u89c2\u900f\u89c6\u773c<\/h5>\n<p>top \u53ea\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u201c\u78c1\u76d8\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u201c\u54ea\u5757\u78c1\u76d8\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u8bf7\u51fa sysstat \u5305\u91cc\u7684 iostat\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e09\u5473\u6700\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u8d77\u624b\u5f0f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>iostat -dx 1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>-d&#xff1a;\u53ea\u770b\u78c1\u76d8&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u770bCPU\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>-x&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u6570\u636e&#xff08;\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u6700\u5173\u952e&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>1&#xff1a;\u6bcf\u79d2\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u770b\u5230\u6ee1\u5c4f\u6570\u636e\u522b\u614c&#xff0c;\u53ea\u76ef\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>%util (\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6307\u6807)&#xff1a; \u8868\u793a\u78c1\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u6301\u7eed\u63a5\u8fd1 100%&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u78c1\u76d8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ee1\u8d1f\u8377\u8fd0\u8f6c&#xff0c;IO\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u6392\u961f&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u74f6\u9888&#xff01;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>await&#xff1a; IO\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;\u6beb\u79d2&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>SSD \u6b63\u5e38\u5e94\u8be5\u5728 1ms \u4ee5\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u673a\u68b0\u786c\u76d8 5-10ms \u7b97\u6b63\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5982\u679c await \u98d9\u5347\u5230 100ms \u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7edd\u5bf9\u5728\u201c\u5361\u987f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>r\/s \u548c w\/s&#xff1a; \u6bcf\u79d2\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u6b21\u6570&#xff08;IOPS&#xff09;\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u4e1a\u52a1\u91cf\u6765\u770b&#xff0c;\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6781\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<h5>3. \u795e\u5668\u4e8c&#xff1a;iotop \u2014\u2014 \u8c01\u662f\u7f6a\u9b41\u7978\u9996&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<p>\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u78c1\u76d8\u5fd9&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u75af\u72c2\u8bfb\u5199&#xff1f;\u662f MySQL \u5728\u5237\u76d8&#xff1f;\u8fd8\u662f\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u53d1\u75af&#xff1f;\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u5077\u5077\u6316\u77ff&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>iostat \u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u7528 iotop\u3002 (\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u5b89\u88c5&#xff1a;dnf install iotop)<\/p>\n<p>\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>iotop -oP<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>-o&#xff1a;\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u4ea7\u751f I\/O \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff08;\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u4e0d\u5e72\u6d3b\u7684&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>-P&#xff1a;\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff08;\u8ba9\u89c6\u56fe\u66f4\u6e05\u723d&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u600e\u4e48\u770b&#xff1f; \u76f4\u63a5\u770b DISK WRITE \u548c DISK READ \u5217&#xff0c;\u8c01\u6392\u7b2c\u4e00&#xff0c;\u8c01\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u78c1\u76d8\u6253\u6ee1\u7684\u5143\u51f6&#xff01;\u9009\u4e2d\u5b83&#xff0c;\u4f60\u5c31\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>4. \u795e\u5668\u4e09&#xff1a;dstat \u2014\u2014 \u5168\u80fd\u6307\u6325\u5b98<\/h5>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u628a CPU\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u5173\u8054&#xff0c;dstat \u662f\u6700\u70ab\u9177\u7684\u5de5\u5177&#xff08;AlmaLinux 9 \u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7 EPEL \u5b89\u88c5&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>dstat -cdngy 1<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0a\u5e1d\u89c6\u89d2\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5173\u8054&#xff1a;\u6bd4\u5982&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf&#xff08;Net&#xff09;\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u77ac\u95f4&#xff0c;\u78c1\u76d8\u5199&#xff08;Disk&#xff09;\u7a81\u7136\u98d9\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u7d27\u63a5\u7740 CPU \u7b49\u5f85&#xff08;Wait&#xff09;\u4e0a\u5347&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u5206\u6790\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u5144\u5f1f\u4eec&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u6b21\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5361\u987f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u522b\u53ea\u76ef\u7740 CPU \u770b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u5148\u770b top \u7684 %wa&#xff0c;\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u6709 I\/O \u7b49\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u518d\u7528 iostat -dx 1 \u786e\u8ba4\u78c1\u76d8\u5229\u7528\u7387 %util \u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4 await\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u7528 iotop -oP \u63ea\u51fa\u90a3\u4e2a\u75af\u72c2\u8bfb\u5199\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e09\u677f\u65a7\u4e0b\u53bb&#xff0c;99% \u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u5c06\u65e0\u6240\u9041\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u8def&#xff0c;\u8d35\u5728\u77e5\u5176\u7136&#xff0c;\u66f4\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u4ee5\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8ba9\u4f60\u5b66\u5230\u4e86\u771f\u4e1c\u897f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 [\u7231\u4e09\u5473]&#xff0c;\u6211\u4e0d\u53d1\u6c34\u6587&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8bb2\u5b9e\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u670b\u53cb&#xff0c;\u5e2e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7701\u53bb\u6392\u67e5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u901a\u5bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u52a0\u5165\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41 QQ\u7fa4&#xff1a;949793437&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u771f\u5927\u4f6c&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6709\u70ed\u5fc3\u7684\u4e09\u5473&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7fa4\u91cc\u7b49\u4f60&#xff01;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u597d&#xff0c;\u6211\u662f\u4e09\u5473\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u6280\u672f\u7fa4\u91cc&#xff08;QQ\u7fa4&#xff1a;949793437&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6709\u4f4d\u670b\u53cb\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;\u201cAlmaLinux 9.7 \u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d&#xff1f;\u6211\u62c5\u5fc3\u78c1\u76d8\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;\u53ea\u4f1a\u7528 uptime \u548c df \u591f\u5417&#xff1f;\u201d\u8fd9\u7b80\u76f4\u662f\u7075\u9b42\u53d1\u95ee&#xff01;\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668 Load 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