{"id":96814,"date":"2026-08-28T12:40:58","date_gmt":"2026-08-28T04:40:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/96814.html"},"modified":"2026-08-28T12:40:58","modified_gmt":"2026-08-28T04:40:58","slug":"%e3%80%90linux%e3%80%91%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e6%af%ab%e6%97%a0%e5%85%b3%e7%b3%bb%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1%ef%bc%9f%e5%91%bd%e5%90%8d%e7%ae%a1%e9%81%93-fifo-%e4%bb%8e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/96814.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Linux\u3011\u4e24\u4e2a\u6beb\u65e0\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u600e\u4e48\u901a\u4fe1\uff1f\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053 FIFO \u4ece\u539f\u7406\u5230 Server\/Client \u5b9e\u6218"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5c01\u9762\"<\/p>\n

🔥\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u9875：\u7231\u548c\u51b0\u9614\u4e50<\/font> 📚\u4e13\u680f\u4f20\u9001\u95e8：\u300a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u300b \u3001C++ 🐶\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5411：C++\u65b9\u5411\u5b66\u4e60\u7231\u597d\u8005<\/font> \u2b50\u4eba\u751f\u683c\u8a00：\u5f97\u77e5\u5766\u7136 ，\u5931\u4e4b\u6de1\u7136 <\/font><\/p>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\n

🏠\u535a\u4e3b\u7b80\u4ecb \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n
    \n
  • \u524d\u8a00<\/li>\n
  • \u4e00\u3001\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7f3a\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u7ba1\u9053\u201d，\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u5165\u53e3<\/li>\n
  • \u4e8c\u3001\u5148\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u628a FIFO \u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8dd1\u51fa\u6765<\/li>\n
  • \n
      \n
    • 2.1 `mkfifo`<\/li>\n
    • 2.2 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 `echo > fifo` \u4f1a\u5361\u4f4f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • \u4e09\u3001FIFO \u7684 `open()` \u89c4\u5219\u6bd4 `read()` \u66f4\u65e9\u5f00\u59cb\u540c\u6b65<\/li>\n
    • \u56db\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528 `mkfifo()`<\/li>\n
    • \u4e94\u3001\u7528\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f Server \/ Client<\/li>\n
    • \n
        \n
      • 5.1 Server<\/li>\n
      • 5.2 Client<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • \u516d\u3001Client \u4e00\u9000\u51fa，Server \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u8bfb\u5230 `0`<\/li>\n
      • \u4e03\u3001\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u548c\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5230\u5e95\u5dee\u5728\u54ea<\/li>\n
      • \u516b\u3001\u51e0\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u9519\u7684\u5730\u65b9<\/li>\n
      • \n
          \n
        • \n
            \n
          • 1. \u201c\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u666e\u901a\u78c1\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u201d<\/li>\n
          • 2. \u201c\u53ea\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u76f8\u540c，\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d<\/li>\n
          • 3. Server \u5361\u4f4f\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f `read()`<\/li>\n
          • 4. `read()` \u8bfb\u51fa\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
          • \u603b\u7ed3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \n

            \u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n

            \u524d\u9762\u5b66\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u65f6\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u9650\u5236：<\/p>\n

            \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148 pipe() \u2193 fork() \u2193 \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 fd \u2193 \u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u770b\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u7ba1\u9053<\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u5957\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u597d\u7528，\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 fork() \u5efa\u7acb\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u5982\u679c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f：<\/p>\n

            .\/server
            \n.\/client<\/p>\n

            \u5b83\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u7236\u5b50\u5173\u7cfb，\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u8c01\u80fd\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053 fd \u201c\u7ee7\u627f\u201d\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u90a3\u600e\u4e48\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u5185\u6838\u901a\u4fe1\u8d44\u6e90？<\/p>\n

            \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u201c\u4e24\u4e2a\u65e0\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u600e\u6837\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u901a\u4fe1\u8d44\u6e90\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u4e00\u3001\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7f3a\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u7ba1\u9053\u201d，\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u5165\u53e3<\/h2>\n

            \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u4f9b\u65e0\u5173\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

            int<\/span> pipefd[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
            \npipe<\/span>(<\/span>pipefd)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            pipe() \u8fd4\u56de\u7684 pipefd[0]\u3001pipefd[1] \u53ea\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u6765\u7ee7\u627f\u8fd9\u4e9b fd \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u4e24\u4e2a\u6beb\u65e0\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u65b9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a fd \u662f\u591a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6362\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u8def：<\/p>\n

            \u4e0d\u518d\u9760 fd \u7ee7\u627f\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u7ba1\u9053，\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea6\u5b9a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a pathname\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

            \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

            \/tmp\/myfifo<\/p>\n

            Server \u548c Client \u90fd\u53bb open("\/tmp\/myfifo", …)，\u5185\u6838\u5c31\u80fd\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a FIFO \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

            \"\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u8ba9\u65e0\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u540c\u4e00\u8def\u5f84\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\"<\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u504f\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u62e5\u6709\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b，\u6267\u884c ls -l \u80fd\u770b\u5230\u5b83；\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u6837\u5199\u8fdb\u78c1\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u91cc\u8bb0\u4f4f：<\/font><\/p>\n

            \u8def\u5f84\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d
            \n \u2193
            \n\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a FIFO
            \n \u2193
            \n\u901a\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u5185\u6838\u7ba1\u9053\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u6d41\u52a8<\/p>\n

            \u6240\u4ee5\u201c\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u201d\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u201c\u901a\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u843d\u76d8\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u4e8c\u3001\u5148\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u628a FIFO \u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8dd1\u51fa\u6765<\/h2>\n

            2.1 mkfifo<\/h3>\n

            \u521b\u5efa：<\/p>\n

            mkfifo<\/span> fifo<\/p>\n

            \u67e5\u770b：<\/p>\n

            ls<\/span> -l<\/span> fifo<\/p>\n

            \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

            p<\/p>\n

            \"\u521b\u5efa<\/p>\n

            \u5220\u9664\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5：<\/p>\n

            rm<\/span> fifo<\/p>\n

            \u6216\u8005：<\/p>\n

            unlink fifo<\/p>\n

            \u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u5199：<\/p>\n

            rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> fifo<\/p>\n

            fifo \u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u5f55，-r \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

            2.2 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 echo > fifo \u4f1a\u5361\u4f4f<\/h3>\n

            \u5148\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

            echo<\/span> "hello fifo"<\/span> ><\/span> fifo<\/p>\n

            \u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5\u8bfb\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00 FIFO，Shell \u4f1a\u505c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

            \"\u5199\u7aef\u7b49\u5f85\u8bfb\u7aef\u6253\u5f00<\/p>\n

            \u53e6\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef：<\/p>\n

            cat<\/span> fifo<\/p>\n

            \u6b64\u65f6\u4e24\u8fb9\u90fd\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c，cat \u80fd\u8bfb\u5230：<\/p>\n

            hello fifo<\/p>\n

            \"\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u7aef\u540e\u5b8c\u6210\u901a\u4fe1\"<\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u662f：<\/p>\n

            \u5199\u7aef open(O_WRONLY)
            \n \u2502
            \n \u2502 \u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u7aef\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85
            \n \u25bc
            \n\u8bfb\u7aef open(O_RDONLY)
            \n \u2502
            \n \u25bc
            \n\u53cc\u65b9\u5efa\u7acb\u901a\u4fe1\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u4e09\u3001FIFO \u7684 open() \u89c4\u5219\u6bd4 read() \u66f4\u65e9\u5f00\u59cb\u540c\u6b65<\/h2>\n

            \u9ed8\u8ba4\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b：<\/p>\n\n\u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u5f0f\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
            open(…, O_RDONLY)<\/td>\n\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u5199\u7aef\u6253\u5f00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            open(…, O_WRONLY)<\/td>\n\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u8bfb\u7aef\u6253\u5f00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4，\u963b\u585e\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5728 open()，\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8d70\u5230 read() \u6216 write()\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528 O_NONBLOCK，\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316：<\/p>\n

            O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK<\/p>\n

            \u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u5373\u6253\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u800c：<\/p>\n

            O_WRONLY | O_NONBLOCK<\/p>\n

            \u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u7aef\u90fd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728，\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u5e76\u5f97\u5230 ENXIO\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u6392\u67e5 FIFO \u201c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e00\u542f\u52a8\u5c31\u5361\u4f4f\u201d\u65f6，\u5148\u770b open() \u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/font><\/p>\n

            \u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u662f read() \u5361\u4f4f，\u800c\u662f：<\/p>\n

            open<\/span>(<\/span>FIFO_FILE,<\/span> O_RDONLY)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u6839\u672c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u56db\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528 mkfifo()<\/h2>\n

            \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa FIFO：<\/p>\n

            #<\/span>include<\/span> <sys\/types.h><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <sys\/stat.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            int<\/span> mkfifo<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> char<\/span> *<\/span>pathname,<\/span> mode_t mode)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de：<\/p>\n

            0<\/p>\n

            \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de：<\/p>\n

            -1<\/p>\n

            \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

            #<\/span>include<\/span> <cerrno><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <cstdio><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <sys\/stat.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            const<\/span> char<\/span>*<\/span> FIFO_FILE =<\/span> ".\/myfifo"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n{<\/span>
            \n umask<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            if<\/span> (<\/span>mkfifo<\/span>(<\/span>FIFO_FILE,<\/span> 0666<\/span>)<\/span> <<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n if<\/span> (<\/span>errno !=<\/span> EEXIST)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"mkfifo"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n return<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span>
            \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

            return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

            Server \u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u91cd\u590d\u542f\u52a8，\u6240\u4ee5\u9047\u5230 EEXIST \u65f6\u4e0d\u8981\u5148\u8ba4\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u5982\u679c\u8def\u5f84\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728，\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u786e\u8ba4\u5b83\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u7684 FIFO，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u540d\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u4e94\u3001\u7528\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f Server \/ Client<\/h2>\n

            Server：\u8bfb\u7aef
            \nClient：\u5199\u7aef<\/p>\n

            5.1 Server<\/h3>\n

            #<\/span>include<\/span> <cerrno><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <cstdio><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <cstdlib><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <fcntl.h><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <iostream><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <sys\/stat.h><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <unistd.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            const<\/span> char<\/span>*<\/span> FIFO_FILE =<\/span> ".\/myfifo"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n{<\/span>
            \n umask<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            if<\/span> (<\/span>mkfifo<\/span>(<\/span>FIFO_FILE,<\/span> 0666<\/span>)<\/span> <<\/span> 0<\/span> &&<\/span> errno !=<\/span> EEXIST)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"mkfifo"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n return<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

            std::<\/span>cout <<<\/span> "\u7b49\u5f85 client \u6253\u5f00 FIFO…"<\/span> <<<\/span> std::<\/span>endl;<\/span><\/p>\n

            int<\/span> fd =<\/span> open<\/span>(<\/span>FIFO_FILE,<\/span> O_RDONLY)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n if<\/span> (<\/span>fd <<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"open"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n unlink<\/span>(<\/span>FIFO_FILE)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n return<\/span> 2<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

            char<\/span> buffer[<\/span>1024<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            while<\/span> (<\/span>true<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n ssize_t n =<\/span> read<\/span>(<\/span>fd,<\/span> buffer,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>buffer)<\/span> –<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            if<\/span> (<\/span>n ><\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n buffer[<\/span>n]<\/span> =<\/span> '\\\\0'<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n std::<\/span>cout <<<\/span> "client say# "<\/span> <<<\/span> buffer <<<\/span> std::<\/span>endl;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span>
            \n else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>n ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n std::<\/span>cout <<<\/span> "\u6240\u6709\u5199\u7aef\u5df2\u7ecf\u5173\u95ed，server \u7ed3\u675f\u8bfb\u53d6"<\/span> <<<\/span> std::<\/span>endl;<\/span>
            \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span>
            \n else<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"read"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span>
            \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

            close<\/span>(<\/span>fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n unlink<\/span>(<\/span>FIFO_FILE)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u91cc\u987a\u624b\u4fee\u6b63\u539f\u7a3f\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u539f\u6765\u5199\u7684\u662f：<\/p>\n

            buffer[<\/span>n –<\/span> 1<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u6539\u6210：<\/p>\n

            buffer[<\/span>n]<\/span> =<\/span> '\\\\0'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            read() \u8fd4\u56de\u7684 n \u5c31\u662f\u672c\u6b21\u5b9e\u9645\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u6709\u6548\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u7ed9 C \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8865\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26，\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5728\u6709\u6548\u6570\u636e\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u53ea\u6709\u4f60\u660e\u786e\u77e5\u9053\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6362\u884c\u7b26，\u5e76\u4e14\u60f3\u628a\u6362\u884c\u5220\u6389\u65f6，\u624d\u8003\u8651\u6539 buffer[n – 1]\u3002<\/p>\n

            5.2 Client<\/h3>\n

            #<\/span>include<\/span> <cstdio><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <fcntl.h><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <iostream><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <string><\/span><\/span>
            \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <unistd.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            const<\/span> char<\/span>*<\/span> FIFO_FILE =<\/span> ".\/myfifo"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n{<\/span>
            \n int<\/span> fd =<\/span> open<\/span>(<\/span>FIFO_FILE,<\/span> O_WRONLY)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n if<\/span> (<\/span>fd <<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"open"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n return<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

            int<\/span> count =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n pid_t pid =<\/span> getpid<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            while<\/span> (<\/span>true<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n std::<\/span>cout <<<\/span> "Please Enter# "<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            std::<\/span>string message;<\/span>
            \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>std::<\/span>getline<\/span>(<\/span>std::<\/span>cin,<\/span> message)<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

            message +=<\/span> ", message number "<\/span> +<\/span>
            \n std::<\/span>to_string<\/span>(<\/span>count++<\/span>)<\/span> +<\/span>
            \n " [pid="<\/span> +<\/span>
            \n std::<\/span>to_string<\/span>(<\/span>pid)<\/span> +<\/span>
            \n "]"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            ssize_t n =<\/span> write<\/span>(<\/span>fd,<\/span> message.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> message.<\/span>size<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            if<\/span> (<\/span>n <<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
            \n {<\/span>
            \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"write"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n }<\/span>
            \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

            close<\/span>(<\/span>fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u8fd0\u884c：<\/p>\n

            .\/server<\/p>\n

            \u518d\u6253\u5f00\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef：<\/p>\n

            .\/client<\/p>\n

            \"\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u516d\u3001Client \u4e00\u9000\u51fa，Server \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u8bfb\u5230 0<\/h2>\n

            \u5047\u8bbe Client \u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa：<\/p>\n

            close<\/span>(<\/span>fd)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5199\u7aef，\u90a3\u4e48 Server \u7ee7\u7eed：<\/p>\n

            read<\/span>(<\/span>fd,<\/span> buffer,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>buffer)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u5f53 FIFO \u4e2d\u5269\u4f59\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5168\u90e8\u8bfb\u5b8c\u540e，read() \u8fd4\u56de：<\/p>\n

            0<\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f EOF\u3002<\/p>\n

            \"\u5199\u7aef\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u8bfb\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230<\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u91cc\u548c\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u89c4\u5219：<\/font><\/p>\n

            \u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u8def\u5f84，\u53ea\u51b3\u5b9a\u53cc\u65b9\u600e\u4e48\u201c\u627e\u5230\u201d\u7ba1\u9053
            \n\u8bfb\u5199\u7aef\u3001EOF\u3001SIGPIPE\u3001\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u89c4\u5219，\u4ecd\u7136\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7ba1\u9053\u8bed\u4e49<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u4e03\u3001\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u548c\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5230\u5e95\u5dee\u5728\u54ea<\/h2>\n

            \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u548c\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e0d\u7528\u80cc\u5f88\u591a\u6761，\u6293\u4f4f\u201c\u53cc\u65b9\u600e\u6837\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u7ba1\u9053\u201d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053 FIFO<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\npipe()<\/td>\nmkfifo()<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u662f\u5426\u6709\u8def\u5f84<\/td>\n\u6ca1\u6709<\/td>\n\u6709<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u5e38\u89c1\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u7cfb<\/td>\n\u7236\u5b50\u7b49\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n\u65e0\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u843d\u76d8<\/td>\n\u5426<\/td>\n\u5426<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u6570\u636e\u5f62\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u5b57\u8282\u6d41<\/td>\n\u5b57\u8282\u6d41<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u963b\u585e\u3001EOF\u3001SIGPIPE<\/td>\n\u6709<\/td>\n\u6709<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            \u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u522b：<\/font><\/p>\n

            \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u901a\u5e38\u9760 fork() \u7ee7\u627f fd；<\/p>\n

            \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u9760\u53cc\u65b9\u6253\u5f00\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a pathname \u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u516b\u3001\u51e0\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u9519\u7684\u5730\u65b9<\/h2>\n

            1. \u201c\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u666e\u901a\u78c1\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u201d<\/h4>\n

            \u4e0d\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u5b83\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u7c7b\u578b，\u4f46 FIFO \u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

            2. \u201c\u53ea\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u76f8\u540c，\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d<\/h4>\n

            \u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u591a\u4e2a open() \u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u5b9e\u4f8b\u548c fd，\u5e95\u5c42\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u5728\u5171\u4eab\u5173\u7cfb，\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u5199\u6210\u201c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 struct file \u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

            3. Server \u5361\u4f4f\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f read()<\/h4>\n

            \u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u8bfb\u7aef：<\/p>\n

            open<\/span>(<\/span>path,<\/span> O_RDONLY)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5199\u7aef\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/p>\n

            4. read() \u8bfb\u51fa\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/h4>\n

            \u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n

            read() \u53ea\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5b57\u8282，\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6 C \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684 '\\\\0'\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u6240\u4ee5：<\/p>\n

            buffer[<\/span>n]<\/span> =<\/span> '\\\\0'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u662f\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7801\u81ea\u5df1\u8865\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n

            \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8\u7ba1\u9053\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u7684\u672c\u8d28，\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6700\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898：<\/p>\n

            \u4e24\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b
            \n\u5230\u5e95\u600e\u6837\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u7ba1\u9053？<\/p>\n

            \u7b54\u6848\u5c31\u662f pathname\u3002<\/p>\n

            Server \u548c Client \u7ea6\u5b9a：<\/p>\n

            .\/myfifo<\/p>\n

            \u5404\u81ea\u8c03\u7528 open()，\u5c31\u80fd\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u6761 FIFO\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u6700\u540e\u628a\u8fd9\u7bc7\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6536\u4e00\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

              \n
            • mkfifo() \u521b\u5efa\u7684\u662f FIFO \u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6；<\/li>\n
            • FIFO \u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5237\u5230\u78c1\u76d8；<\/li>\n
            • \u963b\u585e\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece open() \u5c31\u5f00\u59cb；<\/li>\n
            • read() \u8fd4\u56de 0 \u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5199\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u5e76\u4e14\u5269\u4f59\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bfb\u5b8c；<\/li>\n
            • \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u548c\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b，\u662f\u201c\u53cc\u65b9\u600e\u6837\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u7ee7\u7eed\u6cbf\u7740\u201c\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u770b\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u8d44\u6e90\u201d\u5f80\u4e0b\u8d70，\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u518d\u501f\u52a9\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u540c\u4e00\u6279\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6620\u5c04\u8fdb\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u2014\u2014System V \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

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