{"id":95174,"date":"2026-08-16T13:08:53","date_gmt":"2026-08-16T05:08:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/95174.html"},"modified":"2026-08-16T13:08:53","modified_gmt":"2026-08-16T05:08:53","slug":"%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1-%e8%a7%84%e8%8c%83%e5%8c%96%e3%80%81%e5%8f%8d%e8%a7%84%e8%8c%83%e5%8c%96%e4%b8%8e%e6%98%be%e7%a4%ba%e7%bc%93%e5%ad%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/95174.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1 \u2014\u2014 \u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3001\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u4e0e\u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u53d6\u820d\u827a\u672f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6ca1\u6709\u94f6\u5f39\u3002\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4f46\u727a\u7272\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd，\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u5374\u5f15\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59，\u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58\u52a0\u901f\u6e32\u67d3\u5374\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u96be\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u53d6\u820d\u903b\u8f91，\u5e76\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6eaf\u6e90\u4e09\u79cd\u8fdb\u9636\u67b6\u6784\u65b9\u6848，\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u51b3\u7b56\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1：\u6570\u636e\u552f\u4e00\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u6807\u51c6<\/h3>\n

1.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219<\/h4>\n

\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u6982\u62ec：\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e，\u53ea\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u8054\u6570\u636e\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u952e\u548c\u5916\u952e\u5efa\u7acb\u5f15\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u7528\u6237\u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u7528\u6237\u8868\u4e2d，\u8ba2\u5355\u8868\u901a\u8fc7 user_id \u5916\u952e\u5173\u8054\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u3002\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5173\u8054\u6570\u636e，\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u8868 JOIN \u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 users \u2502 \u2502 orders \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 id (PK) \u2502\u25c0\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2502 user_id(FK) \u2502
\n\u2502 name \u2502 \u2502 id (PK) \u2502
\n\u2502 email \u2502 \u2502 amount \u2502
\n\u2502 phone \u2502 \u2502 created_at \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u8be2\u8ba2\u5355 + \u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f：<\/p>\n

SELECT o.id, o.amount, u.name, u.email
\nFROM orders o
\nJOIN users u ON o.user_id = u.id
\nWHERE o.id = 1;<\/p>\n

1.2 \u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf<\/h4>\n

\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u9ad8\u3002\u65b0\u589e\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u53ea\u9700\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u8868，\u65e0\u9700\u540c\u6b65\u66f4\u65b0\u591a\u5904\u526f\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5f3a\u3002\u6570\u636e\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4efd，\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u526f\u672c\u540c\u6b65\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u624b\u673a\u53f7，\u53ea\u9700\u6539 users \u8868\u4e00\u884c，\u6240\u6709\u5173\u8054\u67e5\u8be2\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u65b0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c0f\u3002\u65e0\u5197\u4f59\u5b57\u6bb5，\u6570\u636e\u7d27\u51d1\u3002<\/p>\n

1.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u77ed\u677f<\/h4>\n

\u67e5\u8be2\u4f9d\u8d56 JOIN\u3002\u83b7\u53d6\u5173\u8054\u6570\u636e\u5fc5\u987b\u591a\u8868\u8054\u67e5，\u8868\u8d8a\u591a\u3001\u5173\u8054\u8d8a\u6df1，\u67e5\u8be2\u5f00\u9500\u8d8a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u53d7\u9650\u3002\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u5230\u767e\u4e07\u3001\u5343\u4e07\u7ea7\u522b，\u591a\u8868 JOIN \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u9500\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u653e\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1：\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n

2.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219<\/h4>\n

\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u76f8\u53cd：\u4e3b\u52a8\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u8868\u4e2d\u5197\u4f59\u5b58\u50a8\u5173\u8054\u8868\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u6bb5，\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 orders \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 id (PK) \u2502
\n\u2502 user_id (FK) \u2502
\n\u2502 amount \u2502
\n\u2502 user_name \u2190 \u5197\u4f59\u5b57\u6bb5，\u6765\u81ea users \u8868 \u2502
\n\u2502 user_email \u2190 \u5197\u4f59\u5b57\u6bb5，\u6765\u81ea users \u8868 \u2502
\n\u2502 user_phone \u2190 \u5197\u4f59\u5b57\u6bb5，\u6765\u81ea users \u8868 \u2502
\n\u2502 created_at \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u8be2\u8ba2\u5355 + \u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f：<\/p>\n

SELECT id, amount, user_name, user_email, user_phone
\nFROM orders
\nWHERE id = 1;
\n— \u65e0\u9700 JOIN，\u76f4\u63a5\u5355\u8868\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n

2.2 \u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf<\/h4>\n

\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u5feb\u3002\u5355\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u53d6\u5b8c\u6574\u6570\u636e，\u65e0\u9700 JOIN，\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67e5\u8be2\u903b\u8f91\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u65e0\u9700\u7f16\u5199\u590d\u6742\u7684\u591a\u8868\u5173\u8054\u67e5\u8be2，\u964d\u4f4e\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

2.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u77ed\u677f<\/h4>\n

\u5199\u5165\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u3002\u7528\u6237\u4fee\u6539\u624b\u673a\u53f7\u65f6，\u9700\u8981\u540c\u6b65\u66f4\u65b0\u6240\u6709\u5173\u8054\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684 user_phone \u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9057\u6f0f\u66f4\u65b0，\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u591a\u526f\u672c\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u6563\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u7528\u6237\u8868\u548c\u591a\u6761\u8ba2\u5355\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d，\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7ef4\u62a4\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u591a\u526f\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3，\u66f4\u65b0\u4e0d\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u53ef\u80fd\u90e8\u5206\u6210\u529f\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u5931\u8d25，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

2.4 \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n

\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u7684，\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u662f：\u8bfb\u591a\u5199\u5c11\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u9891\u7387\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7387\u3001\u5bf9\u67e5\u8be2\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f\u5305\u62ec\u62a5\u8868\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6570\u636e\u770b\u677f\u3001\u5546\u54c1\u8be6\u60c5\u9875\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4e24\u79cd\u8303\u5f0f\u5b8c\u6574\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u6162，\u9700\u591a\u8868 JOIN<\/td>\n\u5feb，\u5355\u8868\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u53d6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u9ad8，\u4ec5\u5199\u5355\u8868<\/td>\n\u4f4e，\u9700\u540c\u6b65\u66f4\u65b0\u591a\u4efd\u5197\u4f59\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/td>\n\u5f3a，\u552f\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u6e90，\u65e0\u51b2\u7a81<\/td>\n\u5f31，\u591a\u526f\u672c\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\n\u5c0f，\u65e0\u5197\u4f59<\/td>\n\u5927，\u5197\u4f59\u5b58\u50a8\u5173\u8054\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5f00\u53d1\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u67e5\u8be2\u903b\u8f91\u590d\u6742（JOIN \u591a\u8868）<\/td>\n\u66f4\u65b0\u903b\u8f91\u590d\u6742（\u591a\u5904\u540c\u6b65）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n\u5199\u5165\u9891\u7e41\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u53d6\u9891\u7e41\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u9009\u578b\u51b3\u7b56\u6846\u67b6： \u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u7387\u9ad8\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u4e25\u683c（\u5982\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u8ba2\u5355） \u2192 \u89c4\u8303\u5316 \u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u9891\u7387\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u66f4\u65b0（\u5982\u5546\u54c1\u5c55\u793a\u3001\u62a5\u8868） \u2192 \u9002\u5ea6\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316 \u4e24\u8005\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5e38\u6001，\u4e0d\u5fc5\u975e\u6b64\u5373\u5f7c<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58：\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u526f\u672c\u7684\u535a\u5f08<\/h3>\n

4.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5<\/h4>\n

\u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u524d\u7aef\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u52a0\u901f\u65b9\u6848，\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5c06 "\u6570\u636e\u771f\u76f8" \u4e0e "\u5c55\u793a\u526f\u672c" \u5206\u79bb：<\/p>\n

\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u6e90：\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u8868，\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6743\u5a01\u6765\u6e90，\u6240\u6709\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b83\u8fd0\u884c \u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58：\u4ece\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u5316\u72b6\u6001\u526f\u672c，\u4e13\u4f9b\u9875\u9762\u5feb\u901f\u6e32\u67d3<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u5b9a\u65f6\u540c\u6b65\/\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u6e90 \u2502 \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25b6 \u2502 \u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58 \u2502
\n\u2502 (\u4e1a\u52a1\u8868) \u2502 \u2502 (\u72b6\u6001\u526f\u672c) \u2502
\n\u2502 \u6240\u6709\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u6b64 \u2502 \u2502 \u4ec5\u4f9b\u9875\u9762\u6e32\u67d3 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
\n \u25b2 \u2502
\n \u2502 \u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u8bfb\u53d6 \u2502 \u9875\u9762\u6e32\u67d3\u8bfb\u53d6
\n \u2502 \u25bc
\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1 \u2502 \u2502 \u524d\u7aef\u9875\u9762 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

4.2 \u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c<\/h4>\n

\u6e32\u67d3\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u9875\u9762\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6bcf\u6b21\u67e5\u8be2\u90fd JOIN \u591a\u5f20\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u8868，\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f7b\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u526f\u672c\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u6e32\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u5c55\u793a\u903b\u8f91\u89e3\u8026\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5316\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u524d\u7aef\u5c55\u793a\u5c42，\u7f13\u5b58\u5c42\u5145\u5f53\u4e86\u7f13\u51b2\u5e26\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e76\u53d1\u8bfb\u53d6\u53cb\u597d\u3002\u7f13\u5b58\u526f\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u4f18\u5316\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u5f0f，\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u8868\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

4.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9：\u7f13\u5b58\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/h4>\n

\u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u9759\u6001\u526f\u672c\u3002\u5f53\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u66f4\u540e，\u5982\u679c\u7f13\u5b58\u672a\u53ca\u65f6\u540c\u6b65\u66f4\u65b0，\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9875\u9762\u5c55\u793a\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u7b56\u7565：<\/p>\n\n\u7b56\u7565\u539f\u7406\u4f18\u70b9\u7f3a\u70b9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5b9e\u65f6\u540c\u6b65<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6\u7acb\u5373\u66f4\u65b0\u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6700\u5f3a<\/td>\n\u5199\u5165\u5ef6\u8fdf\u589e\u52a0，\u8026\u5408\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b9a\u65f6\u8f6e\u8be2<\/td>\n\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5168\u91cf \/ \u589e\u91cf\u540c\u6b65<\/td>\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355<\/td>\n\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u66f4\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8b\u4ef6，\u7f13\u5b58\u8ba2\u9605\u66f4\u65b0<\/td>\n\u89e3\u8026，\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u597d<\/td>\n\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53cc\u5220<\/td>\n\u5148\u5220\u7f13\u5b58 \u2192 \u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93 \u2192 \u5ef6\u8fdf\u518d\u5220\u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n\u964d\u4f4e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6982\u7387<\/td>\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742，\u4ecd\u6709\u6781\u77ed\u7a97\u53e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5de5\u7a0b\u5efa\u8bae：\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u9009\u62e9 \u2014\u2014 \u5bf9\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f（\u5982\u8d22\u52a1\u6570\u636e），\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58，\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u53d6\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u6e90；\u5bf9\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f（\u5982\u72b6\u6001\u9762\u677f\u3001\u4eea\u8868\u76d8），\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9a\u65f6\u540c\u6b65\u6216\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42：\u89e3\u8026\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65b9\u8a00<\/h3>\n

5.1 \u65e0\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u7684\u56f0\u5883<\/h4>\n

\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u65f6，\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684 SQL \u8bed\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

# \u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 SQLite \u8bed\u6cd5
\ncursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 10 OFFSET 5")<\/p>\n

# \u5207\u6362\u5230 SQL Server \u65f6，\u8bed\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c
\ncursor.execute("SELECT TOP 10 * FROM users WHERE id NOT IN (SELECT TOP 5 id FROM users)")<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u6362\u4e00\u6b21\u6570\u636e\u5e93，\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u8981\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u6539\u5199\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8026\u5408\u4f7f\u5f97\u6280\u672f\u6808\u8fc1\u79fb\u6210\u672c\u6781\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

5.2 \u6709\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u7684\u89e3\u8026<\/h4>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5c42：<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u901a\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u65b9\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801 \u2502 \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25b6 \u2502 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42 \u2502 \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25b6 \u2502 SQLite \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 (SQLAlchemy) \u2502 \u2502 MySQL \u2502
\n\u2502 \u7edf\u4e00\u8bed\u6cd5 \u2502 \u2502 Dialect \u9002\u914d \u2502 \u2502 PostgreSQL \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u901a\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5，\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u6807\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u81ea\u52a8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u8a00 SQL\u3002\u5207\u6362\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6，\u53ea\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e，\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u96f6\u6539\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

SQLAlchemy \u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5b83\u7684 Dialect \u673a\u5236\u4e3a\u6bcf\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u65b9\u8a00\u9002\u914d\u5668，\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ea\u9700\u5199\u4e00\u6b21 ORM \u4ee3\u7801，\u5e95\u5c42\u81ea\u52a8\u9002\u914d SQLite\u3001MySQL\u3001PostgreSQL\u3001Oracle \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\u67b6\u6784：\u4e3b\u5e93\u5199\u3001\u4ece\u5e93\u8bfb<\/h3>\n

6.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3<\/h4>\n

\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\u662f\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848：\u5c06\u8bfb\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u5199\u8bf7\u6c42\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u5e93（Master）：\u53ea\u5904\u7406\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c（INSERT\u3001UPDATE\u3001DELETE） \u4ece\u5e93（Slave\/Replica）：\u53ea\u5904\u7406\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c（SELECT），\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e3b\u5e93\u5355\u5411\u540c\u6b65<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n \u5199\u64cd\u4f5c \u2500\u2500\u25b6 \u2502 \u4e3b\u5e93 \u2502
\n \u2502 (Master) \u2502
\n \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
\n \u2502 \u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65
\n \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n \u2502 \u2502
\n \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25bc\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25bc\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n \u2502 \u4ece\u5e93 A \u2502 \u2502 \u4ece\u5e93 B \u2502
\n \u2502 (Replica) \u2502 \u2502 (Replica) \u2502
\n \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518
\n \u2502 \u2502
\n \u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c \u25c0\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u25b6 \u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

6.2 \u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf<\/h4>\n

\u8bfb\u53d6\u6027\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u8bfb\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u4ece\u5e93，\u5355\u5e93\u538b\u529b\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u4ece\u5e93\u6570\u91cf\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u8bfb\u53d6\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ecd\u7531\u4e3b\u5e93\u72ec\u7acb\u5904\u7406，\u8bfb\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0d\u518d\u62a2\u5360\u4e3b\u5e93\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

6.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u4ef7<\/h4>\n

\u4e3b\u4ece\u540c\u6b65\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u4ece\u5e93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u540c\u6b65\u7684，\u5b58\u5728\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u5185，\u4ece\u5e93\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u5199\u5165\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90e8\u7f72\u6210\u672c\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u9700\u8981\u90e8\u7f72\u4e3b\u5e93 + \u591a\u4e2a\u4ece\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u8fd0\u7ef4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u663e\u8457\u4e0a\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u53d6\u820d\u3002\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6362\u53d6\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f3a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u573a\u666f（\u5982\u521a\u5199\u5165\u5c31\u8981\u8bfb\u5230），\u9700\u8981\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406 \u2014\u2014 \u8981\u4e48\u8bfb\u4e3b\u5e93，\u8981\u4e48\u7b49\u5f85\u540c\u6b65\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u65e0\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u4f4e，\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u6324\u4e3b\u5e93<\/td>\n\u9ad8，\u591a\u4ece\u5e93\u5206\u62c5\u8bfb\u538b\u529b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u6b63\u5e38<\/td>\n\u6b63\u5e38，\u4e3b\u5e93\u72ec\u7acb\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/td>\n\u5f3a，\u5355\u5e93\u65e0\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/td>\n\u5f31，\u4e3b\u4ece\u540c\u6b65\u5b58\u5728\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u90e8\u7f72\u6210\u672c<\/td>\n\u4f4e，\u5355\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/td>\n\u9ad8，\u4e3b\u4ece\u591a\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e03\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6eaf\u6e90：\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u53d8\u66f4\u800c\u975e\u6700\u7ec8\u72b6\u6001<\/h3>\n

7.1 \u4f20\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5c40\u9650<\/h4>\n

\u5e38\u89c4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ea\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355\u4ece\u521b\u5efa\u5230\u5b8c\u6210\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86 "\u5f85\u786e\u8ba4 \u2192 \u5df2\u786e\u8ba4 \u2192 \u529e\u7406\u4e2d \u2192 \u5df2\u5b8c\u6210" \u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5，\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u6700\u7ec8\u72b6\u6001 "\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210"\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740：\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8ffd\u6eaf "\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4ece\u5f85\u786e\u8ba4\u53d8\u6210\u5df2\u786e\u8ba4\u7684？\u8c01\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684？\u64cd\u4f5c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？"\u2014\u2014 \u4f20\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\u3002<\/p>\n

7.2 \u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3<\/h4>\n

\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6eaf\u6e90\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5：\u4e0d\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u7ec8\u72b6\u6001，\u800c\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u53d8\u66f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1：<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 orders \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 id: 1001 \u2502
\n\u2502 status: finished \u2190 \u4ec5\u6700\u7ec8\u72b6\u6001\u2502
\n\u2502 amount: 500 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6eaf\u6e90\u8bbe\u8ba1：<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 order_events \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 order_1001 | created | 2024-01-15 10:00 | {amount: 500} \u2502
\n\u2502 order_1001 | confirmed | 2024-01-15 10:05 | {by: "system"} \u2502
\n\u2502 order_1001 | checking_in| 2024-01-15 14:00 | {by: "staff_a"} \u2502
\n\u2502 order_1001 | finished | 2024-01-16 11:00 | {by: "staff_b"} \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

7.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c<\/h4>\n

\u5b8c\u6574\u5386\u53f2\u8ffd\u6eaf\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u653e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e8f\u5217\u8fd8\u539f，\u652f\u6301\u5168\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4f4d\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u3002\u6570\u636e\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e8f\u5217\u7cbe\u786e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d22\u52a1\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5408\u89c4\u3002\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u8d22\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u8981\u6c42\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5f55，\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6eaf\u6e90\u5929\u7136\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e00\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

7.4 \u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u4ef7<\/h4>\n

\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u53d8\u66f4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u90fd\u8981\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5b58\u50a8，\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u653e\u6240\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6，\u6216\u8005\u914d\u5408\u5feb\u7167\u673a\u5236\u5b9a\u671f\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e2d\u95f4\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67b6\u6784\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u91cd\u653e\u3001\u5feb\u7167\u673a\u5236\u7b49\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd，\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6210\u672c\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1（\u4ec5\u5b58\u6700\u7ec8\u72b6\u6001）\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6eaf\u6e90<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5386\u53f2\u8ffd\u6eaf<\/td>\n\u56f0\u96be，\u65e0\u53d8\u66f4\u8bb0\u5f55<\/td>\n\u6781\u5f3a，\u5b8c\u6574\u8bb0\u5f55\u5168\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\n\u5c0f，\u4ec5\u5b58\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001<\/td>\n\u5927，\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u8be2<\/td>\n\u9ad8，\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001<\/td>\n\u4f4e，\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u91cd\u5efa\u72b6\u6001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u95ee\u9898\u8c03\u8bd5<\/td>\n\u56f0\u96be，\u65e0\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5f55<\/td>\n\u7cbe\u786e，\u53ef\u590d\u76d8\u5b8c\u6574\u53d8\u66f4\u6d41\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n\u5e38\u89c4\u4e1a\u52a1<\/td>\n\u91d1\u878d\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3001\u5408\u89c4\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u9ad8\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u6027\u9700\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

7.5 \u5b9e\u8df5\u5efa\u8bae<\/h4>\n

\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6eaf\u6e90\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5168\u91cf\u91c7\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u52a1\u5b9e\u7684\u6298\u4e2d\u65b9\u6848：\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1（\u5b58\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001），\u540c\u65f6\u5c06\u5173\u952e\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5199\u5165\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u65e2\u4e0d\u589e\u52a0\u6838\u5fc3\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6，\u53c8\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8ffd\u6eaf\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516b\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u9009\u578b\u51b3\u7b56\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n

\u7efc\u5408\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6848，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5c42\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u9009\u578b\u51b3\u7b56\u6846\u67b6：<\/p>\n

\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u8bc4\u4f30
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 \u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7ea7
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u5c0f（\u4e07\u7ea7\u4ee5\u4e0b）\u2192 \u5355\u5e93\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1，\u65e0\u9700\u4f18\u5316
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u4e2d（\u5341\u4e07\u7ea7）\u2192 \u9002\u5ea6\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316 + \u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 \u5927（\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u4ee5\u4e0a）\u2192 \u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb + \u5206\u8868\u5206\u533a
\n\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 \u8bfb\u5199\u6bd4\u4f8b
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u5199\u591a\u8bfb\u5c11 \u2192 \u89c4\u8303\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1，\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5148
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 \u8bfb\u591a\u5199\u5c11 \u2192 \u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316 + \u7f13\u5b58，\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5148
\n\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 \u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8981\u6c42
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u5f3a\u4e00\u81f4（\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u8d22\u52a1）\u2192 \u89c4\u8303\u5316 + \u76f4\u8bfb\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u6e90
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 \u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4（\u5c55\u793a\u3001\u62a5\u8868）\u2192 \u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316 + \u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58
\n\u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 \u8ffd\u6eaf\u8981\u6c42
\n \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u65e0\u7279\u6b8a\u8981\u6c42 \u2192 \u4f20\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1
\n \u2514\u2500\u2500 \u5ba1\u8ba1\/\u5408\u89c4\u8981\u6c42 \u2192 \u4e8b\u4ef6\u6eaf\u6e90 \u6216 \u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u8868<\/p>\n

\u4e5d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u53d6\u820d，\u800c\u975e\u8ffd\u6c42\u5b8c\u7f8e：<\/p>\n\n\u65b9\u6848\u6838\u5fc3\u53d6\u820d\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u89c4\u8303\u5316<\/td>\n\u727a\u7272\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd，\u6362\u53d6\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n\u5199\u5165\u9891\u7e41\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316<\/td>\n\u727a\u7272\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6548\u7387，\u6362\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u53d6\u9891\u7e41\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u5ef6\u8fdf\u654f\u611f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n\u727a\u7272\u5b9e\u65f6\u4e00\u81f4\u6027，\u6362\u53d6\u6e32\u67d3\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u524d\u7aef\u5c55\u793a\u52a0\u901f\u3001\u4eea\u8868\u76d8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42<\/td>\n\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u5c42\u62bd\u8c61\u5f00\u9500，\u6362\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65e0\u5173\u6027<\/td>\n\u591a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9002\u914d\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6808\u8fc1\u79fb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb<\/td>\n\u589e\u52a0\u90e8\u7f72\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u540c\u6b65\u5ef6\u8fdf，\u6362\u53d6\u8bfb\u53d6\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u8bfb\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6eaf\u6e90<\/td>\n\u589e\u52a0\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67b6\u6784\u590d\u6742\u5ea6，\u6362\u53d6\u5b8c\u6574\u8ffd\u6eaf\u80fd\u529b<\/td>\n\u91d1\u878d\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3001\u5408\u89c4\u8981\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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