{"id":94880,"date":"2026-08-15T16:16:51","date_gmt":"2026-08-15T08:16:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/94880.html"},"modified":"2026-08-15T16:16:51","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T08:16:51","slug":"%e9%9d%a2%e8%af%95%e5%a4%8d%e7%9b%98-%e6%88%91%e9%9d%a2%e4%ba%8615%e5%ae%b6%e5%85%ac%e5%8f%b8%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93%e5%87%ba%e7%9a%84%e9%ab%98%e9%a2%91%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e5%92%8c%e5%9b%9e%e7%ad%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/94880.html","title":{"rendered":"\u9762\u8bd5\u590d\u76d8-\u6211\u9762\u4e8615\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u56de\u7b54\u5957\u8def"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9762\u8bd5\u662f\u6709\u89c4\u5f8b\u53ef\u5faa\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u621115\u6b21\u9762\u8bd5\u4e2d\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u9644\u4e0a\u6211\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n

\u79cb\u62db\u671f\u95f4，\u6211\u4e00\u5171\u9762\u4e8615\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8（\u5b57\u8282\u3001\u963f\u91cc\u3001\u7f8e\u56e2\u3001\u817e\u8baf\u3001\u5c0f\u7ea2\u4e66\u3001\u5feb\u624b\u3001\u767e\u5ea6\u2026），\u62ff\u5230\u4e865\u4e2aoffer\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9762\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u6211\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u8ba1：\u628a\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u95ee\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f52\u7c7b，\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u5b9e\u6765\u6765\u56de\u56de\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u53ef\u80fd\u6362\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3001\u6362\u4e2a\u573a\u666f，\u4f46\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5929\u628a\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u56de\u7b54\u5957\u8def\u5206\u4eab\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u4ecb\u7ecd（\u6bcf\u573a\u5fc5\u6709）<\/h3>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n

\u65f6\u95f4：1.5-2\u5206\u949f
\n\u7ed3\u6784：\u6211\u662f\u8c01 + \u6211\u4f1a\u4ec0\u4e48 + \u6211\u505a\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48 + \u6211\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5408\u9002<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b：
\n"\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u60a8\u597d，\u6211\u662fXX\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e13\u4e1a\u5927\u56db\u5b66\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762，\u6211\u4e3b\u8981\u505aJava\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1，\u5bf9Spring Boot\u3001MySQL\u3001Redis\u3001
\n\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u6808\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089，\u4e5f\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9879\u76ee\u65b9\u9762，\u6211\u505a\u8fc7\u4e24\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u6280\u672f\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u9879\u76ee：
\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u79d2\u6740\u7cfb\u7edf，\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u7ea7\u7f13\u5b58\u548cMQ\u5f02\u6b65\u4e0b\u5355\u628aQPS\u505a\u5230\u4e861.2\u4e07；
\n\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u5e73\u53f0，\u57fa\u4e8eCanal+Kafka\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86MySQL\u5230ES\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5e73\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5199\u6280\u672f\u535a\u5ba2，\u76ee\u524d\u5728CSDN\u4e0a\u6709XX\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0，\u603b\u9605\u8bfbXX\u4e07\u3002
\n\u5bf9\u6280\u672f\u6709\u70ed\u60c5，\u559c\u6b22\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u6211\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd，\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u60f3\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c55\u5f00\u8bf4\u3002"<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u6211\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef<\/h4>\n

\u274c \u4ece\u51fa\u751f\u5730\u5f00\u59cb\u4ecb\u7ecd（\u6ca1\u4eba\u5173\u5fc3\u4f60\u54ea\u91cc\u4eba）
\n\u274c \u5ff5\u7b80\u5386（\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u770b\u5f97\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u7b80\u5386）
\n\u274c \u8bf4\u592a\u591a\u65e0\u5173\u4fe1\u606f（\u7231\u597d\u3001\u6027\u683c…）
\n\u274c \u8d85\u8fc73\u5206\u949f（\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d70\u795e\u4e86）
\n\u274c \u592a\u8c26\u865a（"\u6211\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u592a\u884c…"）<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898（\u5360\u9762\u8bd540%）<\/h3>\n

\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u98981：\u201c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u201d<\/h4>\n

\u56de\u7b54\u6846\u67b6：\u80cc\u666f \u2192 \u67b6\u6784 \u2192 \u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48 \u2192 \u6280\u672f\u4eae\u70b9 \u2192 \u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u98982：\u201c\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？\u201d<\/h4>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u8def：\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4"\u5b66\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6846\u67b6"，\u8981\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6280\u672f\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b\u56de\u7b54：<\/p>\n

"\u6211\u9047\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6311\u6218\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u7684\u5e93\u5b58\u8d85\u5356\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u521d\u6211\u7528MySQL\u7684\u884c\u9501\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u81f4\u6027，\u4f46\u538b\u6d4b\u53d1\u73b0\u57281000\u5e76\u53d1\u65f6，
\n\u5927\u91cf\u8bf7\u6c42\u7b49\u5f85\u9501\u91ca\u653e，\u63a5\u53e3\u5ef6\u8fdf\u98d9\u52305\u79d2\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540e\u6765\u6211\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848：
\n\u65b9\u6848A：\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e50\u89c2\u9501（UPDATE … WHERE stock > 0）
\n – \u4f18\u70b9：\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355
\n – \u7f3a\u70b9：\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u5927\u91cfupdate\u5931\u8d25，\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u8bd5，\u6d6a\u8d39\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n

\u65b9\u6848B：Redis\u9884\u6263\u5e93\u5b58（Lua\u811a\u672c\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c）
\n – \u4f18\u70b9：Redis\u6027\u80fd\u9ad8，\u5355\u673a10\u4e07QPS\u8f7b\u677e\u625b\u4f4f
\n – \u7f3a\u70b9：\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1Redis\u548cMySQL\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4<\/p>\n

\u6700\u7ec8\u6211\u9009\u4e86\u65b9\u6848B，\u901a\u8fc7RocketMQ\u5f02\u6b65\u5c06Redis\u4e2d\u7684\u9884\u6263\u7ed3\u679c\u540c\u6b65\u5230MySQL\u3002
\n\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u65f6\u5bf9\u8d26\u4efb\u52a1\u515c\u5e95，\u786e\u4fdd\u6700\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u538b\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c：1\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u63a5\u53e3P99\u4e3a80ms，\u96f6\u8d85\u5356\u3002"<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u98983：\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6848？\u201d<\/h4>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u8def：\u5c55\u793a\u4f60\u6709\u5bf9\u6bd4\u601d\u8003，\u4e0d\u662f"\u56e0\u4e3a\u6559\u7a0b\u7528\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a"\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56de\u7b54\u6a21\u677f：
\n"\u6211\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86X\u548cY\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848：
\n– X\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f…\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f…
\n– Y\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f…\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f…
\n– \u7ed3\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u573a\u666f[\u5177\u4f53\u63cf\u8ff0]，Y\u65b9\u6848\u66f4\u5408\u9002，\u56e0\u4e3a…"<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u98984：\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6d41\u91cf\u6269\u592710\u500d，\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u6539？\u201d<\/h4>\n

\u56de\u7b54\u6846\u67b6（\u7531\u8fd1\u53ca\u8fdc）：<\/p>\n

1. \u5e94\u7528\u5c42：\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5bb9（\u52a0\u673a\u5668\u3001K8s HPA）
\n2. \u7f13\u5b58\u5c42：Redis\u96c6\u7fa4（\u5206\u7247\u6269\u5bb9）
\n3. \u6570\u636e\u5e93：\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb \u2192 \u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868
\n4. \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217：\u589e\u52a0\u5206\u533a\/Topic\u6269\u5bb9
\n5. \u67b6\u6784：\u670d\u52a1\u62c6\u5206 \u2192 \u72ec\u7acb\u90e8\u7f72 \u2192 \u72ec\u7acb\u6269\u5c55
\n6. \u7ec8\u6781\u65b9\u6848：CDN + \u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58 + \u591a\u6d3b\u67b6\u6784<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e09\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u57fa\u7840\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7bc7<\/h4>\n

Q1: \u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u533a\u522b？
\n\u2192 \u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u4f4d vs CPU\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u4f4d
\n\u2192 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4
\n\u2192 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u4ee3\u4ef7\u9ad8（\u7ba1\u9053\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58）
\n \u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7b80\u5355（\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58，\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u540c\u6b65）<\/p>\n

Q2: \u6b7b\u9501\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u89e3\u51b3？
\n\u2192 \u56db\u4e2a\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6：\u4e92\u65a5\u3001\u6301\u6709\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5265\u593a\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u7b49\u5f85
\n\u2192 \u7834\u574f\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef\u907f\u514d
\n\u2192 \u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d：\u6309\u56fa\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u52a0\u9501\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

Q3: \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u9875\u9762\u7f6e\u6362？
\n\u2192 \u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u62e5\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5185\u5b58
\n\u2192 \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ea\u628a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u9875\u653e\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d
\n\u2192 LRU\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7f6e\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5
\n\u2192 \u5b9e\u9645\u9762\u8bd5\u8ffd\u95ee\u5230"Linux\u7684\u9875\u7f13\u5b58"\u6982\u7387\u4e0d\u5927，\u4f46\u8981\u77e5\u9053<\/p>\n

Q4: \u7528\u6237\u6001\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6001？\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5207\u6362？
\n\u2192 \u7528\u6237\u6001：\u8fd0\u884c\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f
\n\u2192 \u5185\u6838\u6001：\u6267\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528（\u6587\u4ef6IO\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406）
\n\u2192 \u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500：\u4fdd\u5b58\/\u6062\u590d\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001TLB\u5931\u6548
\n\u2192 \u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6b21\u6570（batch\u64cd\u4f5c）<\/p>\n

\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u7bc7<\/h4>\n

Q1: TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b，\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u662f\u4e24\u6b21？
\n\u2192 \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b：SYN \u2192 SYN+ACK \u2192 ACK
\n\u2192 \u4e24\u6b21\u4e0d\u884c\u7684\u539f\u56e0：\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684SYN\u5230\u8fbe\u670d\u52a1\u7aef，
\n \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u56de\u4e86SYN+ACK\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86，\u4f46\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u8981\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e86
\n\u2192 \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21ACK\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u786e\u8ba4\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u786e\u5b9e\u8fd8\u60f3\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n

Q2: TCP\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b，TIME_WAIT\u7684\u4f5c\u7528？
\n\u2192 \u786e\u4fdd\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2aACK\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe\u5bf9\u65b9（\u5982\u679c\u4e22\u4e86，\u5bf9\u65b9\u4f1a\u91cd\u53d1FIN）
\n\u2192 \u8ba9\u672c\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6d88\u4ea1（2MSL\u65f6\u95f4）
\n\u2192 \u907f\u514d\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u65e7\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

Q3: TCP\u548cUDP\u7684\u533a\u522b？\u5404\u81ea\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f？
\n\u2192 TCP：\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u6709\u5e8f\u3001\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5（HTTP\u3001RPC）
\n\u2192 UDP：\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5230\u8fbe（\u89c6\u9891\/\u6e38\u620f\/DNS）<\/p>\n

Q4: HTTP\u548cHTTPS\u7684\u533a\u522b？
\n\u2192 HTTPS = HTTP + TLS\u52a0\u5bc6
\n\u2192 TLS\u63e1\u624b\u8fc7\u7a0b（\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u5546\u5bc6\u94a5 \u2192 \u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e）
\n\u2192 \u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u9500：\u591a\u4e861-2\u4e2aRTT（TLS\u63e1\u624b）<\/p>\n

Q5: \u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8f93\u5165URL\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48？
\n\u2192 DNS\u89e3\u6790 \u2192 TCP\u8fde\u63a5 \u2192 TLS\u63e1\u624b(\u5982\u679cHTTPS) \u2192 HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42
\n\u2192 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5904\u7406 \u2192 HTTP\u54cd\u5e94 \u2192 \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6e32\u67d3
\n（\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u8981\u80fd\u8bb25\u5206\u949f，\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c55\u5f00）<\/p>\n

\n

\u56db\u3001Java\u6838\u5fc3\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

Java\u57fa\u7840<\/h4>\n

Q1: HashMap\u7684\u539f\u7406？
\n\u2192 \u6570\u7ec4+\u94fe\u8868+\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811（JDK8）
\n\u2192 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bb9\u91cf16，\u8d1f\u8f7d\u56e0\u5b500.75
\n\u2192 \u94fe\u8868>8\u8f6c\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811，<6\u9000\u5316\u56de\u94fe\u8868
\n\u2192 \u6269\u5bb9：2\u500d\u6269\u5bb9，rehash
\n\u2192 \u8ffd\u95ee：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168（\u6269\u5bb9\u65f6\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u6570\u636e\u8986\u76d6）
\n\u2192 \u8ffd\u95ee：ConcurrentHashMap\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3？（\u5206\u6bb5\u9501\u2192CAS+synchronized）<\/p>\n

Q2: String\u3001StringBuilder\u3001StringBuffer？
\n\u2192 String\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8（final char[]），\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168
\n\u2192 StringBuilder\u53ef\u53d8，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168，\u6027\u80fd\u597d
\n\u2192 StringBuffer\u53ef\u53d8，synchronized\u540c\u6b65，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168
\n\u2192 99%\u573a\u666f\u7528StringBuilder<\/p>\n

Q3: == \u548c equals？
\n\u2192 ==\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f15\u7528（\u5730\u5740）
\n\u2192 equals\u6bd4\u8f83\u503c（\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u5199）
\n\u2192 Integer\u7f13\u5b58\u6c60：-128~127\u7528==\u8fd4\u56detrue<\/p>\n

JVM\u7bc7<\/h4>\n

Q1: JVM\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df？
\n\u2192 \u5806（\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b）\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u533a（\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\/\u5e38\u91cf\u6c60）\u3001\u6808（\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\/\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528）
\n \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u3001\u672c\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u6808
\n\u2192 \u5806\u5206\u4e3a\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3（Eden + S0 + S1）\u548c\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3<\/p>\n

Q2: \u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7b97\u6cd5？
\n\u2192 \u6807\u8bb0-\u6e05\u9664：\u7b80\u5355\u4f46\u6709\u788e\u7247
\n\u2192 \u6807\u8bb0-\u6574\u7406：\u65e0\u788e\u7247\u4f46\u6162
\n\u2192 \u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5：\u65e0\u788e\u7247\u3001\u5feb，\u4f46\u7a7a\u95f4\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4f4e（\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a）
\n\u2192 \u5206\u4ee3\u6536\u96c6：\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u7528\u590d\u5236\u3001\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u7528\u6807\u8bb0-\u6574\u7406<\/p>\n

Q3: CMS\u548cG1\u7684\u533a\u522b？
\n\u2192 CMS：\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807，\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u5e76\u53d1\u6807\u8bb0\u6e05\u9664
\n\u2192 G1：\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u505c\u987f\u65f6\u95f4，Region\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406
\n\u2192 CMS\u6709\u788e\u7247\u95ee\u9898（concurrent mode failure \u2192 Full GC）
\n\u2192 G1\u662fJDK9+\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6536\u96c6\u5668<\/p>\n

Q4: \u5982\u4f55\u6392\u67e5\u7ebf\u4e0aOOM？
\n\u2192 1. jmap -heap\u67e5\u770b\u5806\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
\n\u2192 2. jmap -dump\u5bfc\u51fa\u5806\u8f6c\u50a8
\n\u2192 3. MAT\u5206\u6790\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5f15\u7528\u94fe
\n\u2192 4. \u5e38\u89c1\u539f\u56e0：\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f（\u96c6\u5408\u53ea\u8fdb\u4e0d\u51fa）\u3001\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u592a\u591a<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e94\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

Redis<\/h4>\n

Q1: Redis\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e48\u5feb？
\n\u2192 \u5185\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b（\u65e0\u9501\u7ade\u4e89）\u3001IO\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n

Q2: \u7f13\u5b58\u7a7f\u900f\/\u51fb\u7a7f\/\u96ea\u5d29？
\n\u2192 \u7a7f\u900f：\u67e5\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6570\u636e \u2192 \u5e03\u9686\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\/\u7f13\u5b58\u7a7a\u503c
\n\u2192 \u51fb\u7a7f：\u70ed\u70b9key\u8fc7\u671f \u2192 \u4e92\u65a5\u9501\/\u903b\u8f91\u8fc7\u671f
\n\u2192 \u96ea\u5d29：\u5927\u91cfkey\u540c\u65f6\u8fc7\u671f \u2192 \u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\/\u591a\u7ea7\u7f13\u5b58<\/p>\n

Q3: Redis\u6301\u4e45\u5316？
\n\u2192 RDB：\u5feb\u7167，\u6062\u590d\u5feb\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u4e22\u6570\u636e
\n\u2192 AOF：\u8ffd\u52a0\u65e5\u5fd7，\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u4f46\u6587\u4ef6\u5927
\n\u2192 \u6df7\u5408\u6301\u4e45\u5316：RDB\u505a\u5168\u91cf + AOF\u505a\u589e\u91cf（\u63a8\u8350）<\/p>\n

MySQL<\/h4>\n

Q1: \u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784？
\n\u2192 B+\u6811：\u53f6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6709\u5e8f\u94fe\u8868，\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u53cb\u597d
\n\u2192 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u7528B\u6811？B+\u6811\u53f6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5f62\u6210\u94fe\u8868，\u9002\u5408\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2
\n\u2192 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u7528Hash？Hash\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u6392\u5e8f<\/p>\n

Q2: \u4e8b\u52a1\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b？
\n\u2192 \u8bfb\u672a\u63d0\u4ea4\u3001\u8bfb\u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4(RC)\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u8bfb(RR)\u3001\u4e32\u884c\u5316
\n\u2192 MySQL\u9ed8\u8ba4RR，\u901a\u8fc7MVCC\u5b9e\u73b0
\n\u2192 RR\u4e0b\u901a\u8fc7\u95f4\u9699\u9501\u89e3\u51b3\u5e7b\u8bfb<\/p>\n

Q3: MVCC\u539f\u7406？
\n\u2192 \u6bcf\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u6709\u9690\u85cf\u5217（trx_id, roll_pointer）
\n\u2192 undo log\u7248\u672c\u94fe
\n\u2192 ReadView\u51b3\u5b9a\u53ef\u89c1\u6027
\n\u2192 RC\u6bcf\u6b21SELECT\u751f\u6210\u65b0ReadView，RR\u53ea\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21SELECT\u751f\u6210<\/p>\n

\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<\/h4>\n

Q1: \u6d88\u606f\u4e22\u5931\u600e\u4e48\u529e？
\n\u2192 \u751f\u4ea7\u8005：\u540c\u6b65\u53d1\u9001 + \u91cd\u8bd5
\n\u2192 Broker：\u6301\u4e45\u5316（\u540c\u6b65\u5237\u76d8）
\n\u2192 \u6d88\u8d39\u8005：\u624b\u52a8ACK（\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u518d\u786e\u8ba4）<\/p>\n

Q2: \u91cd\u590d\u6d88\u8d39\u600e\u4e48\u529e？
\n\u2192 \u6d88\u8d39\u7aef\u505a\u5e42\u7b49
\n\u2192 \u65b9\u6848：\u552f\u4e00ID+\u53bb\u91cd\u8868\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u673a\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

Q3: \u6d88\u606f\u987a\u5e8f\u600e\u4e48\u4fdd\u8bc1？
\n\u2192 \u5168\u5c40\u987a\u5e8f：\u5355\u5206\u533a（\u727a\u7272\u6027\u80fd）
\n\u2192 \u5c40\u90e8\u987a\u5e8f：\u76f8\u540c\u4e1a\u52a1key\u8def\u7531\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u5206\u533a<\/p>\n

\n

\u516d\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9898<\/h3>\n

\u9ad8\u9891\u98981：\u201c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u94fe\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d<\/h4>\n

\u56de\u7b54\u6846\u67b6：<\/p>\n

1. \u9700\u6c42\u5206\u6790
\n – \u8bfb\u591a\u5199\u5c11（100:1）
\n – \u77ed\u94fe\u957f\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42（6-8\u4f4d）
\n – \u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

2. \u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1
\n – \u751f\u6210\u7b97\u6cd5：\u54c8\u5e0c（MurmurHash）+ Base62\u7f16\u7801
\n – \u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3：\u5e03\u9686\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668 + \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15
\n – \u5b58\u50a8：MySQL（\u957f\u94fe\u2192\u77ed\u94fe\u6620\u5c04）+ Redis\u7f13\u5b58<\/p>\n

3. \u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4f18\u5316
\n – \u8bfb：CDN + \u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58 + Redis + MySQL
\n – \u5199：ID\u9884\u751f\u6210\u5668（\u63d0\u524d\u751f\u6210\u77ed\u7801\u6c60）<\/p>\n

4. \u6269\u5c55\u8003\u8651
\n – \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u77ed\u94fe
\n – \u8bbf\u95ee\u7edf\u8ba1
\n – \u8fc7\u671f\u6e05\u7406<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u9891\u98982：\u201c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d2\u6740\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d<\/h4>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u56de\u7b54：<\/p>\n

1. \u524d\u7aef：\u9759\u6001\u5316 + CDN + \u6309\u94ae\u9632\u6296 + \u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801
\n2. \u7f51\u5173：\u9650\u6d41（\u6f0f\u6876\/\u4ee4\u724c\u6876）+ \u9ed1\u540d\u5355
\n3. \u5e94\u7528\u5c42：Redis\u9884\u6263\u5e93\u5b58（Lua\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c）
\n4. \u6d88\u606f\u5c42：MQ\u5f02\u6b65\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355
\n5. \u6570\u636e\u5c42：MySQL\u6700\u7ec8\u843d\u5e93<\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u70b9：
\n– \u5c42\u5c42\u8fc7\u6ee4，\u6bcf\u5c42\u780d\u638990%\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42
\n– \u80fd\u5728\u524d\u9762\u6321\u4f4f\u7684，\u7edd\u4e0d\u653e\u5230\u540e\u9762<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e03\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u9762\u8bd5\u9898<\/h3>\n

\u201c\u4f60\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\/\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？\u201d<\/h4>\n

\u4f18\u70b9（\u548c\u5c97\u4f4d\u76f8\u5173）：
\n"\u6211\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u559c\u6b22\u6df1\u6316\u672c\u8d28\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e4b\u524d\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u6162，
\n\u6211\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u52a0\u4e86\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u5c31\u5b8c\u4e8b，\u800c\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u6162\u5728\u54ea\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6162\u3001
\n\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3001\u5404\u81eatrade-off\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u95ee\u9898，
\n\u8fd8\u603b\u7ed3\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u535a\u5ba2\u5206\u4eab\u7ed9\u56e2\u961f\u3002"<\/p>\n

\u7f3a\u70b9（\u771f\u5b9e\u4f46\u4e0d\u81f4\u547d+\u6b63\u5728\u6539\u8fdb）：
\n"\u6211\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u8ffd\u6c42\u5b8c\u7f8e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4
\n\u5728\u547d\u540d\u548c\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a，\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ea4\u4ed8\u3002
\n\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f：\u5148\u5feb\u901f\u51faMVP，\u518d\u8fed\u4ee3\u4f18\u5316\u3002"<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4f60\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u60f3\u95ee\u6211\u7684\u5417？\u201d<\/h4>\n

\u597d\u95ee\u9898（\u5c55\u793a\u4f60\u5bf9\u56e2\u961f\/\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5174\u8da3）：
\n1. "\u56e2\u961f\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u505a\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6311\u6218\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？"
\n2. "\u65b0\u4eba\u524d\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1？"
\n3. "\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6280\u672f\u9009\u578b\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684？\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6280\u672f\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u6587\u5316？"
\n4. "\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\u505a\u5f97\u597d\u7684\u4eba\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5171\u540c\u7279\u8d28？"<\/p>\n

\n

\u516b\u3001\u9762\u8bd5\u540e\u7684\u590d\u76d8\u6a21\u677f<\/h3>\n

\u6bcf\u573a\u9762\u8bd5\u540e\u7acb\u523b\u8bb0\u5f55：<\/p>\n

## \u9762\u8bd5\u590d\u76d8 – XX\u516c\u53f8 – \u7b2cX\u9762<\/p>\n

### \u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f
\n– \u65e5\u671f：2024-xx-xx
\n– \u5c97\u4f4d：Java\u540e\u7aef\u5b9e\u4e60
\n– \u9762\u8bd5\u5b98：xx\u7ea7\u522b
\n– \u65f6\u957f：45\u5206\u949f<\/p>\n

### \u95ee\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898
\n1. [\u95ee\u98981]
\n – \u6211\u7684\u56de\u7b54：xxx
\n – \u56de\u7b54\u5f97\u597d\/\u4e0d\u597d：xxx
\n – \u6b63\u786e\/\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7b54\u6848：xxx<\/p>\n

2. [\u95ee\u98982]
\n …<\/p>\n

### \u603b\u7ed3
\n– \u8868\u73b0\u597d\u7684\u5730\u65b9：
\n– \u9700\u8981\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u5730\u65b9：
\n– \u4e0b\u6b21\u9762\u8bd5\u524d\u8981\u8865\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6：<\/p>\n

### \u7ed3\u679c
\n– [ ] \u901a\u8fc7
\n– [ ] \u672a\u901a\u8fc7
\n– [ ] \u7b49\u5f85\u4e2d<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e5d\u3001\u9762\u8bd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u6280\u672fTips<\/h3>\n

1. \u9762\u8bd5\u524d：
\n – \u63d0\u524d10\u5206\u949f\u5230（\u7ebf\u4e0b）\/ 5\u5206\u949f\u8fdb\u623f\u95f4（\u7ebf\u4e0a）
\n – \u6d4b\u8bd5\u597d\u8033\u673a\u3001\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u3001\u7f51\u7edc
\n – \u51c6\u5907\u597d\u7eb8\u7b14（\u624b\u6495\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u753b\u56fe）<\/p>\n

2. \u9762\u8bd5\u4e2d：
\n – \u4e0d\u4f1a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8bf4"\u6211\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a，\u4f46\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u662f…"
\n – \u624b\u6495\u4ee3\u7801\u5148\u8bf4\u601d\u8def，\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u786e\u8ba4\u540e\u518d\u5199
\n – \u9047\u5230\u63d0\u793a\u4e0d\u8981\u62b5\u89e6，\u987a\u7740\u63d0\u793a\u8d70<\/p>\n

3. \u9762\u8bd5\u540e：
\n – \u5f53\u5929\u505a\u590d\u76d8
\n – \u4e0d\u4f1a\u7684\u9898\u9a6c\u4e0a\u67e5\u3001\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8865
\n – \u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u62b1\u6028\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98<\/p>\n

\n

\u5199\u5728\u6700\u540e<\/h3>\n

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\u628a\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u4e2a\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u904d，\u4f60\u7684\u9762\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u7387\u81f3\u5c11\u80fd\u63d0\u534750%\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

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\n\u79cb\u62db\u671f\u95f4，\u6211\u4e00\u5171\u9762\u4e8615\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8（\u5b57\u8282\u3001\u963f\u91cc\u3001\u7f8e\u56e2\u3001\u817e\u8baf\u3001\u5c0f\u7ea2\u4e66\u3001\u5feb\u624b\u3001\u767e\u5ea6\u2026），\u62ff\u5230\u4e865\u4e2aoffer\u3002
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