{"id":94697,"date":"2026-08-15T00:17:35","date_gmt":"2026-08-14T16:17:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/94697.html"},"modified":"2026-08-15T00:17:35","modified_gmt":"2026-08-14T16:17:35","slug":"linux%e4%b9%8b%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/94697.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u4e4b\u7ebf\u7a0b(\u4e00)"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n

\u9002\u5408\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8，\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u671f\u672b\u3001\u8003\u7814\u590d\u76d8，\u5168\u6587\u6574\u5408\u5b9e\u64cd\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0e\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406，\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u5b8c\u6574\u65e0\u9057\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n

\u5f53\u521d\u5b66\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u9875\u65f6，\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u641e\u4e0d\u61c2 32 \u4f4d\u5730\u5740\u5206\u6bb5\u3001CR3 \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4f5c\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ad8\u9891\u8003\u70b9\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7ed3\u5408\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u64cd\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1，\u628a\u4e24\u5927\u5757\u5185\u5bb9\u5b8c\u6574\u68b3\u7406，\u903b\u8f91\u5faa\u5e8f\u6e10\u8fdb，\u6ca1\u6709\u6666\u6da9\u7684\u8df3\u8dc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9，\u540c\u65f6\u9884\u7559\u622a\u56fe\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u65b9\u4fbf\u81ea\u5df1\u590d\u4e60\u67e5\u9605\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206 Linux \u7ebf\u7a0b：\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b LWP<\/h2>\n

1 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n

1.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u79f0\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5b83\u7531\u5185\u6838\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u636e\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210，\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4ee5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u5206\u914d\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 \u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6，\u4f1a\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5206\u914d\u5168\u5957\u72ec\u7acb\u8d44\u6e90：\u4e13\u5c5e\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u3001\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u89c4\u5219，\u8fd8\u6709\u4e13\u5c5e\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\u3002 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u9ad8，\u5207\u6362\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u9875\u76ee\u5f55，\u5237\u65b0 CPU \u5185 TLB \u7f13\u5b58，\u6d88\u8017\u4e0d\u5c11\u7b97\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f,\u5185\u6838\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784+\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e=\u8fdb\u7a0b—>\u627f\u62c5\u5206\u914d\u76f8\u540c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u4f53<\/p>\n

1.2 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h4>\n

\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u90e8\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5206\u652f，\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6700\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u4e5f\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u6761\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u5e73\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002 \u8fd9\u91cc\u662f Linux \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b：\u5185\u6838\u6ca1\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u5b58\u653e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684 TCB \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，Linux \u91cc\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b LWP\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u5185\u6838\u90fd\u7528task_struct\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406，CPU \u8c03\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u533a\u5206\u4e8c\u8005，\u53ea\u4f9d\u9760 LWP \u8bc6\u522b\u4e0d\u540c\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5206\u652f<\/p>\n

\u5fc5\u987b\u5b66\u4e60\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u4e3a\u5171\u4eab\u3001\u79c1\u6709\u4e24\u7c7b<\/h5>\n
  • \u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90 \u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4（\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5806\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93）\u3001\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u9875\u8868\u3001\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e（\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3001umask）\u5168\u90e8\u5171\u4eab\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6bcf\u6761\u7ebf\u7a0b\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u8d44\u6e90 \u72ec\u7acb\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u6807\u8bb0 errno\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e，\u4ee5\u53ca\u72ec\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6807\u8bc6 LWP\u3002<\/li>\n

    1.3 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b80\u5355\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0bLinux \u7ebf\u7a0b（LWP）<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
    \u8d44\u6e90\u9694\u79bb<\/td>\n\u5168\u90e8\u8d44\u6e90\u72ec\u7acb<\/td>\n\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5207\u6362\u65f6\u4fee\u6539 CR3<\/td>\n\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u7528\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6<\/td>\nPID<\/td>\nLWP，\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b PID \u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/h3>\n

    <\/h3>\n

    \u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n

    Linux\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    <\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    <\/h3>\n

    2 \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684 pthread_create \u51fd\u6570\u8be6\u89e3<\/h3>\n

    2.1 \u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u5b8c\u6574\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/h4>\n

    pthread_create<\/h5>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n

  • \n

    pthread_t *restrict thread \u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570，\u4f20\u5165pthread_t\u53d8\u91cf\u5730\u5740，\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\u540e，\u4f1a\u628a\u65b0\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684 TID（\u7ebf\u7a0b ID，TCB \u6807\u8bc6）\u5199\u5165\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u3002 restrict\u662f C \u5173\u952e\u5b57，\u6807\u8bb0\u8be5\u6307\u9488\u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u9014\u5f84，\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f18\u5316\u7528，\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u666e\u901a\u6307\u9488\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    const pthread_attr_t *restrict attr \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c5e\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6808\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5206\u79bb\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7b49； \u4f20nullptr\/NULL\u4ee3\u8868\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    void *(*start_routine)(void *) \u2014 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5165\u53e3\u51fd\u6570（\u91cd\u70b9） \u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488，\u89c4\u5b9a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570\u56fa\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u53c2\u6570：void* \u901a\u7528\u6307\u9488<\/li>\n
    • \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：void* \u4f60\u4e4b\u524d\u4ee3\u7801\u62a5\u9519\u6839\u6e90\u5c31\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5199\u6210void，\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u8be5\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • \n

      void *restrict arg \u4f20\u7ed9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5165\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u53c2\u6570，\u65e0\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\u586bnullptr； \u53ef\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6307\u9488\u7b49\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u636e，\u5728\u7ebf\u7a0b\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u5f3a\u8f6c\u7c7b\u578b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      \u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u8fd4\u56de 0：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f<\/li>\n
      • \u8fd4\u56de\u975e 0 \u6570\u5b57：\u521b\u5efa\u5931\u8d25，\u5bf9\u5e94\u9519\u8bef\u7801（\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u975e\u6cd5）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

        \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

        \u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u5c45\u7136\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u8fd0\u884c,\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u6d41,\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u59a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

        \u6211\u4eec\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u90fd\u6253\u5370\u81ea\u5df1\u7684pid,\u53d1\u73b0pid\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684,\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

        \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

        \"\"<\/p>\n

        \u67e5\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b（LWP \u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b）<\/p>\n

        ps -aL<\/p>\n

        PID LWP TTY TIME CMD
        \n2664911 2664911 pts\/0 00:00:00 testThread
        \n2664911 2664912 pts\/0 00:00:00 testThread<\/p>\n

        \u5b57\u6bb5\u89e3\u91ca：<\/p>\n

      • PID = \u8fdb\u7a0b ID：\u4e24\u884c PID \u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4 2664911，\u4ee3\u8868\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b；<\/li>\n
      • LWP = \u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b ID（\u5185\u6838\u7ebf\u7a0b ID）\n
          \n
        • LWP=2664911：\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b main（\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b LWP \u53f7\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b PID \u76f8\u7b49）<\/li>\n
        • LWP=2664912：pthread_create \u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u5168\u90e8\u7edf\u4e00\u7528 task_struct \u7ba1\u7406，\u7528\u6237\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b LWP\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n

          \u533a\u5206\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4,\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4f9d\u9760pid\u800c\u662flwp<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u6740\u6389\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5462—->\u76f4\u63a5\u9009\u62e9\u6740\u6389\u8fdb\u7a0bkill -9\u00a0 pid<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7b2c\u56db\u8bb2–\u9875\u8868,\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u00a0 \u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

          1 \u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u57fa\u7840\u7ba1\u7406\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n

          1.1 \u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u5143：4KB \u9875\u6846<\/h4>\n

          \u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u628a\u6574\u5757\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5207\u5272\u6210\u5927\u5c0f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u9875\u6846，\u5355\u5757\u9875\u6846\u56fa\u5b9a 4KB，\u6362\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f4KB=2^12\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u4f4d\u540c\u6837\u662f 4KB\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          1.2 \u9875\u6846\u7ba1\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 struct page<\/h4>\n

          \u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5757\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846，\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a struct page \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5185\u90e8 flags \u91c7\u7528\u4f4d\u56fe\u5b58\u50a8\u9875\u9762\u72b6\u6001，\u4e00\u4f4d\u6807\u8bb0\u4e00\u79cd\u72b6\u6001，\u5305\u542b\u662f\u5426\u7a7a\u95f2\u3001\u662f\u5426\u810f\u9875\u3001\u662f\u5426\u9501\u5b9a\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u6807\u8bb0\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4f4d\u56fe\u80fd\u6781\u5927\u8282\u7701\u5185\u6838\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n

          \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          1.3 \u5168\u5c40\u6570\u7ec4 mem [] \u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u6709\u9875\u6846<\/h4>\n

          \u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u90e8\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846\u7531\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u7ec4 mem [] \u7edf\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u300232 \u4f4d 4GB \u5185\u5b58\u8bbe\u5907，\u603b\u9875\u6846\u6570\u91cf：4GB \/ 4KB = 1048576\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807\u6362\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f<\/h5>\n
        • \u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807：index = \u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740 \/ 4096<\/li>\n
        • \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807\u8f6c\u56de\u9875\u6846\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740：\u9875\u57fa\u5740 = index * 4096 \u540c\u4e00\u9875\u6846\u91cc\u4efb\u610f\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740，\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u4f1a\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a struct page，\u9875\u9762\u72b6\u6001\u7edf\u4e00\u3002<\/li>\n
          \u6574\u4f53\u903b\u8f91\u6d41\u7a0b\u00a0<\/h6>\n
        • \u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u88ab\u5207\u5206\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u9875\u6846（4KB \u6807\u51c6\u7269\u7406\u5757），\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9875\u6846\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u7528\u9014\u4e0d\u540c，\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5757\u5355\u72ec\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u4f7f\u7528 struct page \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9875\u6846\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u8bb0\u5f55\u5355\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u6240\u6709\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846\u7684 struct page \u7edf\u4e00\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u7ec4 mem[] \u4e2d\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807\u548c\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u4e92\u76f8\u6362\u7b97，\u5b9e\u73b0\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e00\u4e00\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/li>\n<\/p>\n

          \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          <\/h5>\n

          2 32 \u4f4d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e03\u5c40<\/h3>\n

          \"\" 32 \u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b8c\u6574\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u5171 4GB，\u5206\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e24\u5927\u533a\u57df：<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4（0 ~ 0xC0000000，\u5408\u8ba1 3GB） \u5730\u5740\u7531\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8\u4f9d\u6b21\u5b58\u653e：\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u636e\u3001\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5806（\u5730\u5740\u5411\u4e0a\u589e\u957f）\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u6620\u5c04\u533a\u57df\u3001\u6808（\u5730\u5740\u5411\u4e0b\u589e\u957f）\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4（0xC0000000 ~ 4GB，\u5408\u8ba1 1GB） \u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5b58\u653e\u5185\u6838\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u9875\u8868\u3001\u5185\u6838\u6808\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            3 32 \u4f4d\u4e8c\u7ea7\u5206\u9875：\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740 10+10+12 \u5206\u6bb5\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n

            \u00a032 \u4f4d\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4e00\u5171 32 \u4e2a bit，\u786c\u4ef6 MMU \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u62c6\u5206\u4e09\u6bb5：<\/p>\n

            \"\"<\/p>\n

            1）\u84dd\u8272\u6bb5：\u9ad8 10 \u4f4d，\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u957f\u5ea6：10bit，\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4 \\\\(0 \\\\sim 2^{10}-1=1023\\\\)，\u5171 1024 \u4e2a\u4e0b\u6807；<\/li>\n
            • \u5bf9\u5e94\u7ed3\u6784：\u9875\u76ee\u5f55（\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72ec\u7acb\u4e00\u5f20，\u56fa\u5b9a 4KB \u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58）；<\/li>\n
            • \u4f5c\u7528：\u4ee5 CR3 \u5b58\u653e\u7684\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u57fa\u5740，\u7528\u8fd9 10 \u4f4d\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u9879；<\/li>\n
            • \u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u5185\u5bb9：\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u5f20\u9875\u8868\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              2）\u7eff\u8272\u6bb5：\u4e2d\u95f4 10 \u4f4d，\u9875\u8868\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u957f\u5ea6：10bit，\u540c\u6837 0~1023，\u5355\u5f20\u9875\u8868 1024 \u4e2a\u9875\u8868\u9879；<\/li>\n
              • \u5bf9\u5e94\u7ed3\u6784：\u9875\u8868（\u6309\u9700\u5206\u914d，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u7528\u5230\u7684\u865a\u62df\u533a\u95f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u9875\u8868）；<\/li>\n
              • \u4f5c\u7528：\u62ff\u5230\u9875\u8868\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u540e，\u7528\u8fd9 10 \u4f4d\u627e\u5230\u9875\u8868\u9879 PTE；<\/li>\n
              • \u9875\u8868\u9879\u6838\u5fc3：\u5b58\u653e\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740，\u540c\u65f6\u9644\u5e26\u6743\u9650\u4f4d（\u8bfb \/ \u5199 \/ \u6267\u884c）\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u4f4d\u3001\u810f\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                3）\u7ea2\u8272\u6bb5：\u4f4e 12 \u4f4d，\u9875\u5185\u504f\u79fb<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u957f\u5ea6：12bit，\\\\(2^{12}=4096\\\\)，\u6b63\u597d\u5bf9\u5e94 4KB \u4e00\u9875；<\/li>\n
                • \u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027：\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u9875\u8868\u67e5\u627e；<\/li>\n
                • \u4f5c\u7528：\u627e\u5230\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846\u9996\u5730\u5740\u540e，\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u4e0a\u8fd9 12 \u4f4d\u504f\u79fb，\u5b9a\u4f4d\u9875\u5185\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b57\u8282；<\/li>\n
                • \u4e3e\u4f8b：\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740 0x1000，\u504f\u79fb 0x0FF \u2192 \u6700\u7ec8\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740 0x10FF\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p>\n

                  \u6bcf\u5f20\u9875\u8868\u540c\u6837\u5305\u542b 1024 \u4e2a\u9875\u8868\u9879 (PTE)，\u5355\u5f20\u9875\u8868 4KB； \u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u5f20\u72ec\u7acb\u9875\u8868，\u56fe\u91cc\u753b\u51fa 3 \u5f20\u9875\u8868\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u865a\u62df\u533a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

                  \"\"<\/p>\n

                  \u4e00\u6761\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u5b8c\u6574\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6d41\u7a0b<\/p>\n

                • CPU \u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801，\u8f93\u51fa 32 \u4f4d\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740，\u9001\u5165 MMU；<\/li>\n
                • MMU \u62c6\u5206\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740：\u9ad8 10 \u4f4d\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4 10 \u4f4d\u3001\u4f4e 12 \u4f4d；<\/li>\n
                • \u4ece CR3 \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7269\u7406\u9996\u5730\u5740；<\/li>\n
                • \u9ad8 10 \u4f4d\u7d22\u5f15\u9875\u76ee\u5f55，\u53d6\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u9875\u8868\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740；<\/li>\n
                • \u4e2d\u95f4 10 \u4f4d\u7d22\u5f15\u9875\u8868\u9879，\u62ff\u5230\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846\u9996\u5730\u5740；<\/li>\n
                • \u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846\u5730\u5740 + \u4f4e 12 \u4f4d\u9875\u5185\u504f\u79fb = \u6700\u7ec8\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740；<\/li>\n
                • \u786c\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58；<\/li>\n
                • \u82e5\u9875\u8868\u9879 \u201c\u5b58\u5728\u4f4d = 0\u201d：\u4ee3\u8868\u8be5\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9875\u9762\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4ea4\u6362\u533a，\u89e6\u53d1\u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38，\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u9875\u9762\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u540e\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/p>\n

                  \u9875\u8868\u5927\u5c0f:4MB+4kb<\/p>\n

                  \u5355\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u62e5\u6709\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5b58,\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9875\u8868\u603b\u6570\u8fdc\u8fdc\u5c0f\u4e8e4MB<\/p>\n

                  \u61d2\u52a0\u8f7d,\u5199\u5b9e\u62f7\u8d1d,\u7f3a\u9875\u4e2d\u65ad—>\u9875\u8868\u5c11–>\u9875\u8868\u4f1a\u66f4\u5c11<\/p>\n

                  \u5199\u65f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u4f1a\u8bb2\u6574\u4e2a4kb\u8fdb\u884c\u62f7\u8d1d—–>\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u539f\u7406(\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u524d\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58)<\/p>\n

                  \u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u6846\u7684\u5730\u5740,\u7528\u591a\u5c11\u4f4d\u5c31\u591f\u4e86<\/p>\n

                  \u9875\u6846\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u4f4e12\u4f4d\u90fd\u662f0—->\u752820\u6bd4\u7279\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u9875\u6846\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740,\u5bf9\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u53f3\u79fb12\u4f4d,\u5de6\u79fb12\u4f4d\u6765\u5b8c\u6210—>20\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u9875\u8868\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5269\u4e0b\u676512\u4f4d—>\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d,<\/p>\n

                  \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7531\u786c\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6210mmu,\u56e0\u4e3a\u6548\u7387\u9ad8<\/p>\n

                  4 CR3 \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9<\/h3>\n

                  4.1 CR3 \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n

                  CR3 \u662f CPU \u4e13\u5c5e\u786c\u4ef6\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u91cc\u9762\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740，\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b58\u653e\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3：\u7ffb\u8bd1\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u9875\u76ee\u5f55，\u5982\u679c CR3 \u5b58\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740，\u60f3\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u53c8\u8981\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5730\u5740，\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n

                  4.2 CR3 \u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u7684\u5173\u8054<\/h4>\n
                • \u786c\u4ef6\u5c42\u9762：\u6574\u9897 CPU \u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a CR3 \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668；<\/li>\n
                • \u5185\u6838\u5c42\u9762：\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 task_struct \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u90fd\u4f1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u81ea\u8eab\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u5730\u5740；<\/li>\n
                • \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b： \u2460 \u4fdd\u5b58\u65e7\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u628a\u5f53\u524d CR3 \u7684\u503c\u5b58\u5165\u65e7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 task_struct； \u2461 \u52a0\u8f7d\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u8bfb\u53d6\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740，\u5199\u5165 CR3； \u2462 CR3 \u66f4\u65b0\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，MMU \u5730\u5740\u7ffb\u8bd1\u89c4\u5219\u540c\u6b65\u5207\u6362，\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u9694\u79bb\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u7279\u6b8a\u70b9：\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u5957\u9875\u76ee\u5f55，\u5207\u6362\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u7528\u4fee\u6539 CR3，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u8fdc\u5c0f\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/li>\n

                  5 MMU \u5b8c\u6210\u865a\u5b9e\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n
                • CPU \u6267\u884c\u6307\u4ee4，\u8f93\u51fa 32 \u4f4d\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740，\u9001\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5355\u5143 MMU；<\/li>\n
                • MMU \u8bfb\u53d6 CR3 \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u62ff\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u5730\u5740；<\/li>\n
                • \u622a\u53d6\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u9ad8 10 \u4f4d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15，\u67e5\u8be2\u9875\u76ee\u5f55，\u5f97\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u9875\u8868\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740；<\/li>\n
                • \u622a\u53d6\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u95f4 10 \u4f4d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15，\u8bfb\u53d6\u9875\u8868\u5185\u90e8 PTE \u9875\u8868\u9879；<\/li>\n
                • \u5224\u65ad PTE \u6709\u6548\u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d：<\/li>\n
                    \n
                  • \u6807\u8bb0\u6709\u6548：\u63d0\u53d6\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846\u57fa\u5730\u5740，\u62fc\u63a5\u4f4e 12 \u4f4d\u504f\u79fb，\u8bbf\u95ee\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58；<\/li>\n
                  • \u6807\u8bb0\u65e0\u6548：\u89e6\u53d1\u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38，\u5185\u6838\u5206\u914d\u7269\u7406\u9875\u3001\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u52a0\u8f7d\u5bf9\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u9875\u8868\u9879，\u4e4b\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u51fa\u9519\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740—>\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58,\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u5212\u5206,\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u5212\u5206\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n

                    \u9875\u8868\u7684\u672c\u8d28:\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u770b\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7a97\u53e3,\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740,\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58,\u5212\u5206\u533a\u57df,\u5212\u5206\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740,\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u5212\u5206.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

                    \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

                    linux\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e0a,\u5b58\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5417??—>\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728,\u6ca1\u6709TCB,\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

                    \"\"<\/p>\n

                    \u8fdb\u7a0b\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8d44\u6e90\u72ec\u7acb<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

                    \u7ebf\u7a0b\u62e5\u6709\u5171\u4eab\u6027,\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

                    \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
                  • CR3 \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u53ea\u5b58\u653e\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740；\u5207\u6362\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539 CR3，\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539；<\/li>\n
                  • PID \u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b，LWP \u533a\u5206\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u591a\u6761\u7ebf\u7a0b；\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b PID \u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c；<\/li>\n
                  • clone \u4f9d\u9760 flags \u6807\u8bc6\u63a7\u5236\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab，CLONE_VM \u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5206\u754c\u7ebf，fork \u662f clone \u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5b9e\u73b0；<\/li>\n
                  • 32 \u4f4d\u4e8c\u7ea7\u5206\u9875\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u5206\u6bb5\u56fa\u5b9a 10+10+12，\u4f4e 12 \u4f4d\u5bf9\u5e94 4KB \u9875\u6846\u504f\u79fb；<\/li>\n
                  • struct page \u7ba1\u7406\u5355\u5757\u7269\u7406\u9875\u6846，\u5168\u5c40 mem [] \u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u6574\u673a\u6240\u6709\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58；<\/li>\n
                  • Linux \u6ca1\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u6838\u7ed3\u6784，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b LWP，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7edf\u4e00\u7531 task_struct \u8c03\u5ea6；<\/li>\n
                  • pthread \u5e93\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5c42\u5c01\u88c5，\u5e95\u5c42\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f9d\u8d56 clone \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    \u9002\u5408\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8，\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u671f\u672b\u3001\u8003\u7814\u590d\u76d8，\u5168\u6587\u6574\u5408\u5b9e\u64cd\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0e\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406，\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u5b8c\u6574\u65e0\u9057\u6f0f\u3002\u524d\u8a00\u5f53\u521d\u5b66\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u9875\u65f6，\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u641e\u4e0d\u61c2 32 \u4f4d\u5730\u5740\u5206\u6bb5\u3001CR3 \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4f5c\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ad8\u9891\u8003\u70b9\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7ed3\u5408\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u64cd\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1，\u628a\u4e24\u5927\u5757\u5185\u5bb9\u5b8c\u6574\u68b3\u7406，\u903b\u8f91\u5faa\u5e8f\u6e10\u8fdb，\u6ca1\u6709\u6666\u6da9\u7684\u8df3\u8dc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9，\u540c\u65f6\u9884\u7559\u622a\u56fe\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u65b9\u4fbf\u81ea\u5df1\u590d\u4e60\u67e5\u9605\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":94678,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,43,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-94697","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-linux","tag-43","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nLinux\u4e4b\u7ebf\u7a0b(\u4e00) - 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