{"id":94008,"date":"2026-08-13T13:25:11","date_gmt":"2026-08-13T05:25:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/94008.html"},"modified":"2026-08-13T13:25:11","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T05:25:11","slug":"prometheus-loki-%e5%85%a8%e6%a0%88%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%ef%bc%9a%e6%a0%87%e7%ad%be%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%ab%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e4%b8%8e%e6%8c%87%e6%a0%87%e8%9e%8d%e5%90%88%e5%8f%af%e8%a7%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/94008.html","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus Loki \u5168\u6808\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u6807\u7b7e\u5171\u4eab\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u6307\u6807\u878d\u5408\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

Prometheus Loki \u5168\u6808\u5b9e\u6218：\u6807\u7b7e\u5171\u4eab\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u6307\u6807\u878d\u5408\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027<\/h3>\n
\n

\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d，Metrics（\u6307\u6807） \u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u7cfb\u7edf\u54ea\u91cc\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898，Logs（\u65e5\u5fd7） \u5219\u89e3\u91ca\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002Prometheus \u8d1f\u8d23\u6307\u6807，\u800c Grafana Loki \u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a Prometheus \u751f\u6001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u65e5\u5fd7\u805a\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u6700\u5927\u7684\u534f\u540c\u79d8\u5bc6\u5728\u4e8e：Loki \u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e Prometheus \u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6837\u7684 {job="nginx", env="prod"} \u6807\u7b7e\u9009\u62e9\u5668，\u5728 Grafana \u4e2d\u65e0\u7f1d\u5730\u4ece\u6307\u6807\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u65e5\u5fd7，\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u6307\u6807\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898，\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6839\u56e0\u201d\u7684\u95ed\u73af\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5e26\u4f60\u4ece\u96f6\u90e8\u7f72 Loki \u4e0e Promtail，\u914d\u7f6e\u6807\u7b7e\u6620\u5c04，\u5728 Grafana \u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u8054\u52a8\u770b\u677f，\u5e76\u843d\u5730\u9488\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66，\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u9053\u4e5f\u5177\u5907\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

1. Loki + Prometheus：\u6807\u7b7e\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/h4>\n\n\u7279\u6027\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u7d22\u5f15\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\nLoki \u4e0d\u7d22\u5f15\u65e5\u5fd7\u5168\u6587，\u800c\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u5143\u6570\u636e\u6807\u7b7e（\u5982 job, instance, env）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6807\u7b7e\u6765\u6e90<\/td>\nPromtail \u6216\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u65e5\u5fd7\u9644\u52a0\u6807\u7b7e，\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Prometheus \u517c\u5bb9<\/td>\n\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\u5b8c\u5168\u517c\u5bb9 Prometheus \u89c4\u5219（\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf），\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u6cd5\u76f8\u540c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5173\u8054\u67e5\u8be2<\/td>\n\u5728 Grafana \u4e2d，\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u540c\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8f6c（\u4f8b\u5982 {job="api"} \u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7，rate(http_requests_total{job="api"}[5m]) \u67e5\u770b\u6307\u6807）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8ba9 Loki \u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6307\u6807\u822c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d，\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u8bed\u8a00，\u4e5f\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u4e0e Prometheus \u96c6\u6210\u7684\u95e8\u69db\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

2. Loki \u67b6\u6784\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h4>\n

Loki \u91c7\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c Prometheus \u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u8def\u5f84：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Distributor：\u63a5\u6536\u65e5\u5fd7，\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e76\u5206\u53d1\u5230 Ingester\u3002<\/li>\n
  • Ingester：\u7f13\u5b58\u65e5\u5fd7\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/li>\n
  • Querier：\u5904\u7406\u67e5\u8be2，\u4ece Ingester \u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n
  • Ruler（\u53ef\u9009）：\u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u8bc4\u4f30（\u81ea 2.0 \u8d77\u652f\u6301）\u3002<\/li>\n
  • Promtail：\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u6bcf\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a，\u91c7\u96c6\u65e5\u5fd7\u5e76\u63a8\u9001\u5230 Loki，\u540c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u9644\u52a0\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n

    3. \u90e8\u7f72 Loki \u4e0e Promtail<\/h4>\n

    \u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 Docker Compose \u5feb\u901f\u642d\u5efa，\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e Helm \u90e8\u7f72\u5728 Kubernetes \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

    3.1 Docker Compose \u65b9\u6848<\/h5>\n

    docker-compose.yml：<\/p>\n

    version<\/span>:<\/span> "3"<\/span>
    \nservices<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n loki<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n image<\/span>:<\/span> grafana\/loki:<\/span>2.9.0
    \n ports<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> "3100:3100"<\/span>
    \n command<\/span>:<\/span> –<\/span>config.file=\/etc\/loki\/loki–<\/span>config.yaml
    \n volumes<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> .\/loki–<\/span>config.yaml:<\/span>\/etc\/loki\/loki–<\/span>config.yaml
    \n –<\/span> loki_data:<\/span>\/loki<\/p>\n

    promtail<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n image<\/span>:<\/span> grafana\/promtail:<\/span>2.9.0
    \n volumes<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> .\/promtail–<\/span>config.yaml:<\/span>\/etc\/promtail\/promtail–<\/span>config.yaml
    \n –<\/span> \/var\/log:<\/span>\/var\/log
    \n command<\/span>:<\/span> –<\/span>config.file=\/etc\/promtail\/promtail–<\/span>config.yaml<\/p>\n

    # \u53ef\u9009：\u6dfb\u52a0 Grafana<\/span>
    \n grafana<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n image<\/span>:<\/span> grafana\/grafana:<\/span>latest
    \n ports<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> "3000:3000"<\/span>
    \n environment<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED=true
    \nvolumes<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n loki_data<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    3.2 Loki \u914d\u7f6e (loki-config.yaml)<\/h5>\n

    auth_enabled<\/span>:<\/span> false<\/span><\/p>\n

    server<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n http_listen_port<\/span>:<\/span> 3100<\/span><\/p>\n

    ingester<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n lifecycler<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n ring<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n kvstore<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n store<\/span>:<\/span> inmemory
    \n replication_factor<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>
    \n chunk_idle_period<\/span>:<\/span> 5m
    \n chunk_retain_period<\/span>:<\/span> 30s
    \n max_transfer_retries<\/span>:<\/span> 0<\/span><\/p>\n

    schema_config<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n configs<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> from<\/span>:<\/span> 2024-01-01<\/span>
    \n store<\/span>:<\/span> boltdb–<\/span>shipper
    \n object_store<\/span>:<\/span> filesystem
    \n schema<\/span>:<\/span> v11
    \n index<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n prefix<\/span>:<\/span> index_
    \n period<\/span>:<\/span> 24h<\/p>\n

    storage_config<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n boltdb_shipper<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n active_index_directory<\/span>:<\/span> \/loki\/index
    \n cache_location<\/span>:<\/span> \/loki\/index_cache
    \n cache_ttl<\/span>:<\/span> 24h
    \n filesystem<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n directory<\/span>:<\/span> \/loki\/chunks<\/p>\n

    limits_config<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n reject_old_samples<\/span>:<\/span> true<\/span>
    \n reject_old_samples_max_age<\/span>:<\/span> 168h
    \n max_entries_limit_per_query<\/span>:<\/span> 5000<\/span><\/p>\n

    3.3 Promtail \u914d\u7f6e (promtail-config.yaml)<\/h5>\n

    server<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n http_listen_port<\/span>:<\/span> 9080<\/span>
    \n grpc_listen_port<\/span>:<\/span> 0<\/span><\/p>\n

    clients<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> url<\/span>:<\/span> http:<\/span>\/\/loki:<\/span>3100\/loki\/api\/v1\/push<\/p>\n

    scrape_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> job_name<\/span>:<\/span> system
    \n static_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> targets<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> localhost
    \n labels<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n job<\/span>:<\/span> varlogs
    \n __path__<\/span>:<\/span> \/var\/log\/*.log<\/span><\/p>\n

    –<\/span> job_name<\/span>:<\/span> docker
    \n static_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> targets<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> localhost
    \n labels<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n job<\/span>:<\/span> docker
    \n __path__<\/span>:<\/span> \/var\/lib\/docker\/containers\/*\/*.log<\/span><\/p>\n

    # \u53ef\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u6807\u7b7e<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> job_name<\/span>:<\/span> nginx
    \n static_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> targets<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> localhost
    \n labels<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n job<\/span>:<\/span> nginx
    \n app<\/span>:<\/span> web
    \n __path__<\/span>:<\/span> \/var\/log\/nginx\/*.log<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5173\u952e\u70b9：Promtail \u7684 labels \u4e2d\u7684 job\u3001app \u7b49\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u6210\u4e3a Loki \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6807\u7b7e，\u800c __path__ \u662f\u5185\u90e8\u53d1\u73b0\u6807\u7b7e，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    4. \u4e0e Prometheus \u6807\u7b7e\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n

    \u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9 Loki \u4e0e Prometheus \u65e0\u7f1d\u8054\u52a8，\u6807\u7b7e\u547d\u540d\u548c\u53d6\u503c\u5e94\u4e0e Prometheus \u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4：<\/p>\n\nPrometheus \u5e38\u89c1\u6807\u7b7eLoki \u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u6807\u7b7e\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    job="nginx"<\/td>\njob="nginx"<\/td>\n\u4e8c\u8005\u6293\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 job \u540d\u5e94\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    instance="web-01"<\/td>\ninstance="web-01"<\/td>\n\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u6216\u5b9e\u4f8b ID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    env="prod"<\/td>\nenv="prod"<\/td>\n\u73af\u5883\u6807\u7b7e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    app="order-service"<\/td>\napp="order-service"<\/td>\n\u5e94\u7528\u540d\u79f0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u5728 Promtail \u7684 static_configs \u6216 kubernetes_sd_configs \u4e2d，\u4ece\u76ee\u6807\u5143\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\u5e76\u91cd\u547d\u540d，\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0e Prometheus \u6293\u53d6\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u793a\u4f8b：Kubernetes \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5bf9\u9f50<\/p>\n

    # Promtail \u5728 K8s \u4e2d\u7684\u91c7\u96c6\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \nscrape_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> job_name<\/span>:<\/span> kubernetes–<\/span>pods
    \n kubernetes_sd_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> role<\/span>:<\/span> pod
    \n relabel_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> source_labels<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_app
    \n target_label<\/span>:<\/span> app
    \n –<\/span> source_labels<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> __meta_kubernetes_namespace
    \n target_label<\/span>:<\/span> namespace
    \n –<\/span> action<\/span>:<\/span> replace
    \n source_labels<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n –<\/span> __meta_kubernetes_pod_name
    \n target_label<\/span>:<\/span> instance
    \n –<\/span> action<\/span>:<\/span> labelmap
    \n regex<\/span>:<\/span> __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u6837，Loki \u4e2d\u7684 {app="order-service", namespace="production"} \u5c31\u80fd\u5339\u914d Prometheus \u4e2d app="order-service", namespace="production" \u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    5. \u5728 Grafana \u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u6307\u6807\u4e0e\u65e5\u5fd7\u8054\u52a8<\/h4>\n

    5.1 \u6dfb\u52a0 Loki \u6570\u636e\u6e90<\/h5>\n

    \u5728 Grafana \u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 Loki \u6570\u636e\u6e90，URL \u6307\u5411 http:\/\/loki:3100\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u540e\u5373\u53ef\u5728 Explore \u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n

    5.2 \u521b\u5efa\u8054\u52a8\u4eea\u8868\u76d8<\/h5>\n

    \u5728\u76d1\u63a7\u9762\u677f\u4e2d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6307\u6807\u56fe\u5f62\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230 Loki \u67e5\u8be2：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u7f16\u8f91 Prometheus \u9762\u677f，\u5728 Links \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761：\n
        \n
      • \u7c7b\u578b：Data link<\/li>\n
      • URL：\/explore?left={"datasource":"Loki","queries":[{"expr":"{app=\\\\"${app:queryparam}\\\\", job=\\\\"${job:queryparam}\\\\"}"}]}<\/li>\n
      • \u8fd9\u6837\u70b9\u51fb\u56fe\u5f62\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9，\u5c31\u4f1a\u6253\u5f00\u5bf9\u5e94\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u6216\u8005\u5728 Grafana 8+ \u7248\u672c\u4e2d，\u4f7f\u7528 Logs \u9762\u677f \u76f4\u63a5\u653e\u5728\u6307\u6807\u9762\u677f\u4e0b\u65b9，\u8fc7\u6ee4\u76f8\u540c\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n

        Grafana \u5185\u7f6e\u7684 Loki \u67e5\u8be2\u53d8\u91cf \u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece Prometheus \u6307\u6807\u7684\u503c\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210，\u4f8b\u5982\u67e5\u8be2 {job="nginx"} \u4e2d\u7684\u552f\u4e00 host \u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n

        6. \u76d1\u63a7 Loki \u81ea\u8eab：\u8ba9\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u9053\u4e5f\u900f\u660e<\/h4>\n

        Loki \u66b4\u9732 Prometheus \u6307\u6807\u7aef\u70b9（\u9ed8\u8ba4 http:\/\/loki:3100\/metrics），\u5305\u542b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001Ingester \u5185\u5b58\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u3002Promtail \u4e5f\u66b4\u9732\u7aef\u70b9（http:\/\/promtail:9080\/metrics）\u3002<\/p>\n

        6.1 \u914d\u7f6e Prometheus \u6293\u53d6 Loki \u6307\u6807<\/h5>\n

        scrape_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
        \n –<\/span> job_name<\/span>:<\/span> 'loki'<\/span>
        \n scrape_interval<\/span>:<\/span> 15s
        \n static_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
        \n –<\/span> targets<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>'loki:3100'<\/span>]<\/span>
        \n labels<\/span>:<\/span>
        \n component<\/span>:<\/span> 'loki'<\/span><\/p>\n

        –<\/span> job_name<\/span>:<\/span> 'promtail'<\/span>
        \n scrape_interval<\/span>:<\/span> 15s
        \n static_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
        \n –<\/span> targets<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>'promtail:9080'<\/span>]<\/span>
        \n labels<\/span>:<\/span>
        \n component<\/span>:<\/span> 'promtail'<\/span><\/p>\n

        6.2 \u6838\u5fc3 Loki \u6307\u6807\u4e0e PromQL<\/h5>\n\n\u6307\u6807\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        loki_distributor_lines_received_total<\/td>\n\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u884c\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        loki_ingester_chunks_flushed_total<\/td>\n\u5237\u76d8\u5230\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5757\u6570\u91cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        loki_ingester_memory_streams<\/td>\n\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d41\u6570\u91cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        loki_request_duration_seconds_bucket<\/td>\nLoki API \u8bf7\u6c42\u5ef6\u8fdf\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        promtail_read_lines_total<\/td>\nPromtail \u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u884c\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        promtail_dropped_lines_total<\/td>\n\u4e22\u5f03\u7684\u884c\u6570（\u5982\u56e0\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        promtail_file_fd_open_total<\/td>\n\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        PromQL \u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Loki \u65e5\u5fd7\u63a5\u6536\u901f\u7387：rate(loki_distributor_lines_received_total[5m])<\/li>\n
        • Ingester \u5185\u5b58\u538b\u529b：loki_ingester_memory_streams > 10000<\/li>\n
        • Promtail \u662f\u5426\u6709\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e22\u5f03：rate(promtail_dropped_lines_total[5m]) > 0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          6.3 Grafana \u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u63a8\u8350<\/h5>\n
            \n
          • Loki Dashboard：ID 14055（\u5b98\u65b9\u53d1\u5e03），\u5168\u9762\u5c55\u793a Loki \u5404\u7ec4\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n
          • Loki Metrics：ID 13639，\u805a\u7126\u5199\u5165\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n
          • Promtail Dashboard：ID 10880，\u76d1\u63a7\u91c7\u96c6\u4ee3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u5bfc\u5165\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u6e90，\u7528 component \u53d8\u91cf\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            7. \u57fa\u4e8e Loki \u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219<\/h4>\n

            \u4ece Loki 2.0 \u5f00\u59cb，\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86 Ruler \u7ec4\u4ef6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf Prometheus \u4e00\u6837\u5b9a\u4e49\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219，\u5e76\u7531 Alertmanager \u53d1\u9001\u901a\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n

            7.1 \u542f\u7528 Loki Ruler<\/h5>\n

            \u5728 loki-config.yaml \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0：<\/p>\n

            ruler<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n storage<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n type<\/span>:<\/span> local
            \n local<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n directory<\/span>:<\/span> \/loki\/rules
            \n rule_path<\/span>:<\/span> \/loki\/rules\/fake
            \n alertmanager_url<\/span>:<\/span> http:<\/span>\/\/alertmanager:<\/span>9093<\/span>
            \n ring<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n kvstore<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n store<\/span>:<\/span> inmemory<\/p>\n

            7.2 \u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219<\/h5>\n

            \u5728 \/loki\/rules\/fake\/rules.yml \u4e2d\u7f16\u5199：<\/p>\n

            groups<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n –<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> loki–<\/span>log–<\/span>alerts
            \n rules<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n –<\/span> alert<\/span>:<\/span> HighErrorLogRate
            \n expr<\/span>:<\/span> sum(rate({<\/span>job="nginx"}<\/span> |<\/span>~ "500|<\/span>error" [<\/span>5m]<\/span>)) ><\/span> 0.5
            \n for<\/span>:<\/span> 5m
            \n labels<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n severity<\/span>:<\/span> critical
            \n annotations<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n summary<\/span>:<\/span> "Nginx \u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u901f\u7387\u8fc7\u9ad8"<\/span>
            \n description<\/span>:<\/span> "\u8fc7\u53bb 5 \u5206\u949f\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u79d2 {{ $value }} \u6761\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7"<\/span><\/p>\n

            –<\/span> alert<\/span>:<\/span> NoLogsFromInstance
            \n expr<\/span>:<\/span> absent_over_time({<\/span>job="myapp"}<\/span>[<\/span>10m]<\/span>)
            \n for<\/span>:<\/span> 10m
            \n labels<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n severity<\/span>:<\/span> critical
            \n annotations<\/span>:<\/span>
            \n summary<\/span>:<\/span> "\u5b9e\u4f8b {{ $labels.instance }} \u5df2 10 \u5206\u949f\u65e0\u65e5\u5fd7，\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u5b95\u673a"<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 LogQL（\u7c7b\u4f3c PromQL \u4f46\u9488\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7），\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u901f\u7387\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u544a\u8b66\u3002Alertmanager \u6536\u5230\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u540c\u6837\u5305\u542b\u6807\u7b7e，\u53ef\u4e0e Prometheus \u544a\u8b66\u7edf\u4e00\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            8. \u8fdb\u9636：\u591a\u79df\u6237\u3001\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18<\/h4>\n

            8.1 \u591a\u79df\u6237\u9694\u79bb<\/h5>\n

            Loki \u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7 X-Scope-OrgID \u5934\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u79df\u6237\u3002\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u542f\u7528 auth_enabled: true，\u5e76\u5728 Promtail \u7684 client \u90e8\u5206\u6dfb\u52a0 tenant_id \u5b57\u6bb5\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u79df\u6237\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u6307\u6807\u5b8c\u5168\u9694\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n

            8.2 \u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8<\/h5>\n

            \u5c06 storage_config \u4e2d\u7684 object_store \u6539\u4e3a s3, gcs, azure \u7b49\u4e91\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8，\u914d\u5408 boltdb_shipper，\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u65e0\u9650\u7559\u5b58\u4e14\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

            8.3 \u63a7\u5236\u6807\u7b7e\u57fa\u6570<\/h5>\n

            Loki \u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fc7\u9ad8，\u5426\u5219\u7d22\u5f15\u81a8\u80c0\u3002\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u9ad8\u57fa\u6570\u5b57\u6bb5（\u5982 user_id, request_id）\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u7b7e，\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fc7\u6ee4（LogQL \u7684 |~ \u6b63\u5219）\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u6587\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u4fdd\u7559\u6838\u5fc3\u6807\u7b7e（job, instance, app）\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

            8.4 \u4e0e Tempo \u8ffd\u8e2a\u96c6\u6210<\/h5>\n

            Loki \u53ef\u4e0e Grafana Tempo \u96c6\u6210，\u901a\u8fc7 Trace ID \u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u65e5\u5fd7\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230 trace，\u5b9e\u73b0 \u6307\u6807 \u2192 \u65e5\u5fd7 \u2192 \u8ffd\u8e2a \u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u94fe\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            9. \u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n

            Loki \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u50cf Prometheus \u4e00\u6837\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4eab\u6807\u7b7e，Grafana \u4e2d\u4e00\u6761\u70b9\u51fb\u5c31\u80fd\u4ece CPU \u5c16\u523a\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u56fe\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7，\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6548\u7387\u6210\u500d\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u800c Loki \u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u544a\u8b66，\u53c8\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u9053\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u90e8\u7f72\u8fd9\u5957\u65b9\u6848，\u4f60\u7684\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u5206\u88c2\u4e3a\u201c\u6307\u6807\u770b\u677f\u201d\u548c\u201c\u65e5\u5fd7\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b64\u5c9b，\u800c\u662f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u7edf\u4e00\u3001\u8054\u52a8\u6d41\u7545\u7684\u5168\u666f\u89c6\u56fe，\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c1+1 > 2\u201d\u7684\u878d\u5408\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Prometheus Loki \u5168\u6808\u5b9e\u6218：\u6807\u7b7e\u5171\u4eab\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u6307\u6807\u878d\u5408\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d，Metrics（\u6307\u6807） \u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u7cfb\u7edf\u54ea\u91cc\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898，Logs（\u65e5\u5fd7） \u5219\u89e3\u91ca\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002Prometheus \u8d1f\u8d23\u6307\u6807，\u800c Grafana Loki \u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a Prometheus \u751f\u6001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u65e5\u5fd7\u805a\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u6700\u5927\u7684\u534f\u540c\u79d8\u5bc6\u5728\u4e8e：Loki \u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":94007,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[10751,678,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-94008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-10751","tag-prometheus","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nPrometheus Loki \u5168\u6808\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u6807\u7b7e\u5171\u4eab\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u6307\u6807\u878d\u5408\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027 - 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