{"id":92732,"date":"2026-08-11T02:56:49","date_gmt":"2026-08-10T18:56:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/92732.html"},"modified":"2026-08-11T02:56:49","modified_gmt":"2026-08-10T18:56:49","slug":"mysql%e7%b4%a2%e5%bc%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/92732.html","title":{"rendered":"Mysql\u7d22\u5f15"},"content":{"rendered":"

1.\u7d22\u5f15\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h2>\n

1.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7d22\u5f15<\/h3>\n
\n

\u4f60\u9762\u524d\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u4e66，\u5f53\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u627e\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6，\u6211\u60f3\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u90fd\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u5148\u53bb\u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u76ee\u5f55，\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u9875\u53bb\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u4e66\u672c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u5145\u5f53\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728MySQL\u4e2d，\u7d22\u5f15\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u63d0\u9ad8\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6548\u7387\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784，\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u662f，\u7d22\u5f15\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2 \u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n
\n

\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7d22\u5f15\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784，\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u5206\u5f88\u591a\u79cd，\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u4e00\u4ecb\u7ecd\n<\/p>\n

1.2.1 \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868<\/h4>\n

\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u662f Key-value\u6a21\u5f0f，\u4ee5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e，\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，Key\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u653e\u7d22\u5f15\u5217，value\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u653e\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u6216\u8005\u78c1\u76d8\u5730\u5740，\u5728\u7b49\u503c\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8，\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(1)\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0b，\u5219\u4f1a\u8d70\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf，\u6548\u7387\u6781\u4f4e\u3002\n<\/p>\n

1.2.2 \u4e8c\u53c9\u67e5\u627e\u6811<\/h4>\n

\u4e8c\u53c9\u67e5\u627e\u6811\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5168\u90e8\u5c0f\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5168\u90e8\u5927\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u8fd9\u6837\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7ed3\u6784，\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u548c\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u5c31\u53ea\u8981\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u8282\u70b9\u505a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c31\u884c\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u53bb\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684，\u6240\u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53ea\u9700\u8981O(logn），\u6548\u7387\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u4e8c\u53c9\u67e5\u627e\u6811\u6709\u4e2a\u81f4\u547d\u5f31\u70b9：\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u5927\u503c，\u5b83\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u94fe\u8868，\u67e5\u8be2\u9000\u5316\u4e3a O(n)\u3002\n<\/p>\n

1.2.3 \u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811<\/h4>\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e8c\u53c9\u67e5\u627e\u6811\u65f6，\u5f15\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898，\u5728\u6781\u7aef\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u6811\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u94fe\u8868，\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u76f8\u5e94\u9000\u5316\u6210O(n)，\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728\u4e8c\u53c9\u67e5\u627e\u6811\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7ea6\u675f，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5dee\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc71，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e00\u76f4\u662fO(logn），\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6781\u7aef\u60c5\u51b5\u9000\u5316\u6210\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u60c5\u51b5，\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4f1a\u7ef4\u6301\u81ea\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7f3a\u9677，\u968f\u7740\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u53d8\u591a，\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53d8\u9ad8，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b21\u6570\u53d8\u591a，\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002\n<\/p>\n

1.2.4 B\u6811<\/h4>\n

\u867d\u7136\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53d8，\u4f46\u5b83\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811，\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u67092\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9，\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6811\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e0d\u65ad\u5806\u52a0，\u589e\u52a0\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u6b21\u6570，\u5f71\u54cd\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64，B\u6811\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u95ee\u9898，\u5b83\u4e0d\u9650\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53ea\u80fd\u67092\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9，\u800c\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9，\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6811\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6，\u8fdb\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b21\u6570，\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136B\u6811\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898，\u4f46\u662fB\u6811\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e，\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e，\u8fdb\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6709\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u4ec5\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6027\u80fd，\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u53cb\u597d，\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u6548\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fdb\u5185\u5b58\u3002\n<\/p>\n

1.2.5 B+\u6811<\/h4>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u51b5，B+\u6811\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86，B+\u6811\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9B\u6811\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5347\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u6bd4B\u6811，B+\u6811\u7684\u975e\u53f6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u53ea\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e，\u53ea\u6709\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u624d\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e（\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7d22\u5f15+\u8bb0\u5f55），\u5e76\u4e14\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8bb0\u5f55\u90fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9，\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u539f\u672cB\u6811\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65e0\u6548\u6570\u636e\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f1a\u8fc7\u591a\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800cMySQL\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5c31\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u4e86B+\u6811\u3002\u5728B+\u6811\u4e2d，\u975e\u53f6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u53ea\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e，\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u6570\u636e\u626b\u63cf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5373\u4fbf\u626b\u63cf\u5230\u65e0\u6548\u6570\u636e，\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fdb\u5185\u5b58，\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5360\u7528\u3002\u5e76\u4e14B+\u6811\u7684\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u94fe\u8868\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u7684，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u90fd\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u91cd\u65b0\u67e5\u627e，\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b，，B+\u6811\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c11\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u4e2d\u65e0\u6548\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8f7d\u5165+\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86MySQL\u7684\u9752\u7750，\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\n<\/p>\n

2. \u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h2>\n

2.1 \u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n
\n

\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6，\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8981\u70b9，\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\n<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u5177\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u6027\u9650\u5236\u7684，\u6bd4\u5982\u5546\u54c1\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3awhere\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5，\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u8868\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387，\u5982\u679c\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u4e8egroup by \u548c order by\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5，\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u7701\u53bb\u4e86\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\u4e4b\u540e，\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6392\u5e8f\u597d\u4e86\u3002\n<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u8868\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u592a\u5c11\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u6bd4\u598210\u6761\u300150\u6761\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5，\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u8d70\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf\u6548\u7387\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8d70\u7d22\u5f15\u5339\u914d\u8981\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u505a\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ecf\u5e38\u66f4\u6539，\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53bb\u7ef4\u62a4\u7d22\u5f15\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u6210\u672c，\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5b58\u653e\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u590d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6027\u522b\u5b57\u6bb5，\u57fa\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u7537\u548c\u5973，\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u975e\u5e38\u5e73\u5747，\u90a3\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u5982\u679c\u8d70\u7d22\u5f15\u67e5\u8be2，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u6027\u522b\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u6811\u4e0a\u67e5\u4e00\u904d，\u8fd8\u8981\u56de\u8868\u53bb\u4e3b\u952e\u7d22\u5f15\u5728\u67e5\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u9500\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u76f4\u63a5\u8d70\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3001where\u6761\u4ef6\u91cc\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u52a0\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u5360\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684，\u65e2\u7136\u90fd\u7528\u4e0d\u5230，\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u6765\u3002\n<\/p>\n

2.2 \u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n
\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f，\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u7f00\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u901a\u8fc7\u622a\u53d6\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u524d\u51e0\u4f4d\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15，\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u5927\u5c0f，\u589e\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u628a\u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801\u8fd9\u79cd\u5927\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15，\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u539f\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15，\u90a3\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c31\u592a\u5927\u4e86，\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u5e38\u622a\u53d6\u524d\u51e0\u4f4d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b58\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7f3a\u9677，\u56e0\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5168，\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8d70\u4e00\u6b21\u56de\u8868\u53bb\u83b7\u53d6\u5b8c\u6574\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0，\u6240\u4ee5\u524d\u7f00\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8eorder by \u548c group by，\u56e0\u4e3a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4f9d\u65e7\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u3002\n<\/p>\n

\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u6307\u67e5\u8be2\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5168\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u53bb\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u4fe1\u606f，\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u56de\u8868\u5e26\u6765\u7684I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bd4\u5982\u628aage\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15，\u7136\u540e\u67e5\u8be2\u4e5f\u53ea\u67e5\u8be2age，\u8fd9\u79cd\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u56de\u8868，\u76f4\u63a5\u80fd\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u6811\u4e0a\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u8bb0\u5f55； \u5982\u679c\u8981\u67e5\u8be2\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5，\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e3a\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15，\u7136\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\n<\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u952e\u7d22\u5f15\u91c7\u7528\u81ea\u589e\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u4e5f\u597d\u7406\u89e3，\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\u7d22\u5f15\u5728B+tree\u7684\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e+\u884c\u6570\u636e，\u628a\u4e3b\u952e\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u4e3a\u81ea\u589e\u7684，\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u6dfb\u52a0，\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u53cb\u597d，\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u4e5f\u5feb，\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u4e5f\u4f4e\u3002\n<\/p>\n

\u7d22\u5f15\u5217\u8bbe\u7f6e\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n

\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387，\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64，\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u5bf9\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3anull\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u672c\u8eab\u65e0\u610f\u4e49，\u5982\u679c\u628anull\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u653e，\u6709\u70b9\u6d6a\u8d39\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e86，\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15，\u6700\u597d\u7ed9\u7d22\u5f15\u5217\u52a0\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\n<\/p>\n

2.3 \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548<\/h3>\n
\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f，\u4f46\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u4e86\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u4f7f\u7528\u5417 ？\u7d22\u5f15\u5b83\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5931\u6548\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u7684，\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f1a\u653e\u5f03\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15，\u8d70\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf，\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\n<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u5217\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528like\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u7cca\u5339\u914d\u65f6，\u5728like %\u2026 ，\u548c like %\u2026% \u8fd9\u79cd\u5de6\u6a21\u7cca\u5339\u914d\u548c\u5de6\u53f3\u6a21\u7cca\u5339\u914d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b，\u7d22\u5f15\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u53f3\u6a21\u7cca\u5339\u914d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u7d22\u5f15\u4f1a\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001where\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d，\u5982\u679cor\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5de6\u53f3\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5，\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\u3001<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u5982\u679c\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b，\u5728\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u672a\u52a0\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50：<\/p>\n

select<\/span> *<\/span> from<\/span> user<\/span> where<\/span> phone =<\/span> 13333556<\/span><\/p>\n

phone\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b，\u4f46\u6b64\u65f6\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a MySQL \u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362，\u5728\u9047\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u65f6\u5019，\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u628a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57，\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6848\u4f8b，phone\u5b57\u6bb5\u56e0\u4e3a\u672a\u52a0\u5355\u5f15\u53f7，\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u6bb5\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，phone\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c，\u800c\u524d\u9762\u4e5f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7，\u5982\u679c\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u6bb5\u53c2\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c，\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u65f6，\u672a\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219\u65f6，\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a（a , b, c)\u7684\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15，\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u7d22\u5f15\u5728B+\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5c31\u662f\u6309a\u3001b\u3001c\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217 ，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u91cc\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u653e\u4e86a\u3001b\u3001c\u4e09\u7ec4\u5b57\u6bb5\u6570\u636e，\u540e\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5b57\u6bb5\u987a\u5e8f\u5206\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d（where\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981，\u4e3b\u8981\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u65f6\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6709\u5173）\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5728\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6309\u7167\u7d22\u5f15\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u6392\u5e8f（\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u5339\u914da），\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u76f8\u540c\u624d\u4f1a\u8d70\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217，\u5982\u679c\u8df3\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u6570\u636e，\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u800c\u653e\u5f03\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15，\u4e8e\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u3002\n<\/p>\n

2.4 \u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h3>\n

\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u7684，\u5b83\u6709\u957f\u5904，\u90a3\u5b83\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5f0a\u7aef，\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f18\u70b9：<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6548\u7387，\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u78c1\u76d8\u64cd\u4f5cI\/O\u7684\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684，\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6210\u672c\u3002\n<\/p>\n

\u7f3a\u70b9：<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u62ff\u7a7a\u95f4\u6362\u65f6\u95f4，\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5360\u636e\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5982\u679c\u7d22\u5f15\u6570\u91cf\u591a\u8d77\u6765，\u5360\u636e\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4f1a\u8017\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4，\u7d22\u5f15\u8d8a\u5927\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387，\u4f46\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684，\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u5c31\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u53cb\u597d\u4e86，\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e，\u90fd\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7ef4\u62a4B+\u6811\u7684\u7ed3\u6784，\u5f88\u8017\u8d39\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1.\u7d22\u5f15\u4ecb\u7ecd
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