{"id":92476,"date":"2026-08-10T12:40:48","date_gmt":"2026-08-10T04:40:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/92476.html"},"modified":"2026-08-10T12:40:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-10T04:40:48","slug":"%e5%9b%9b%e3%80%81mysql%e7%ba%a6%e6%9d%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/92476.html","title":{"rendered":"\u56db\u3001MySQL\u7ea6\u675f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u200b\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n

\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h4>\n

\u7ea6\u675f\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u9650\u5236\u8868\u6570\u636e\u7684\u89c4\u5219，\u901a\u8fc7\u7ea6\u675f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3001\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027，\u9632\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027：\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7b26\u5408\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91（\u5982\u4e3b\u952e\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u3001\u5916\u952e\u5173\u8054\u4e00\u81f4\u6027）；
\n\u9632\u6b62\u9519\u8bef\u6570\u636e：\u9650\u5236\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u8303\u56f4（\u5982\u975e\u7a7a\u3001\u552f\u4e00\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u7ea6\u675f），\u907f\u514d\u65e0\u6548\u6570\u636e（\u5982\u7a7a\u503c\u3001\u91cd\u590d\u503c）；
\n\u7ef4\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027：\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8868\u4e0e\u8868\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u5173\u7cfb（\u5982\u5b50\u8868\u7684\u5916\u952e\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7236\u8868\u7684\u4e3b\u952e）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u5206\u7c7b<\/h2>\n

\u6839\u636e\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u529f\u80fd，\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a6\u7c7b，\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57：<\/p>\n\n\u7ea6\u675f\u7c7b\u578b\u63cf\u8ff0\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f<\/td>\n\u9650\u5236\u5b57\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3anull（\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u503c）\u3002<\/td>\nNOT NULL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b57\u6bb5\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u552f\u4e00\u3001\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d（\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2anull，\u4f46null\u4e0d\u89c6\u4e3a\u91cd\u590d）\u3002<\/td>\nUNIQUE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e3b\u952e\u7ea6\u675f<\/td>\n\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6，\u8981\u6c42\u975e\u7a7a\u4e14\u552f\u4e00（\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e）\u3002<\/td>\nPRIMARY KEY<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ea6\u675f<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u82e5\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c，\u5219\u91c7\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c（\u5982DEFAULT 0）\u3002<\/td>\nDEFAULT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u68c0\u67e5\u7ea6\u675f（MySQL 8.0.16+）<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6（\u5982CHECK (age > 0)）\u3002<\/td>\nCHECK<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f<\/td>\n\u8ba9\u4e24\u5f20\u8868\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027（\u5b50\u8868\u7684\u5916\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7236\u8868\u7684\u4e3b\u952e）\u3002<\/td>\nFOREIGN KEY<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u5220\u9664\u66f4\u65b0\u884c\u4e3a<\/h2>\n

\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u5220\u9664\/\u66f4\u65b0\u884c\u4e3a（ON DELETE\/ON UPDATE）\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7236\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6，\u5b50\u8868\u5bf9\u5e94\u5916\u952e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u884c\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

1\u3001NO ACTION（\u6216RESTRICT）<\/h4>\n

\u8bf4\u660e：\u5f53\u7236\u8868\u5220\u9664\/\u66f4\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6，\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u5b50\u8868\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u5916\u952e\u3002\u82e5\u6709，\u5219\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5220\u9664\/\u66f4\u65b0\u7236\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55（\u963b\u6b62\u64cd\u4f5c）\u3002
\n\u533a\u522b：NO ACTION\u662fSQL\u6807\u51c6\u884c\u4e3a，RESTRICT\u662fMySQL\u7684\u522b\u540d，\u4e24\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4（MySQL\u4e2d\u65e0\u5b9e\u9645\u533a\u522b）\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001CASCADE（\u7ea7\u8054）<\/h4>\n

\u8bf4\u660e：\u5f53\u7236\u8868\u5220\u9664\/\u66f4\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6，\u81ea\u52a8\u5220\u9664\/\u66f4\u65b0\u5b50\u8868\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5916\u952e\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b：\u7236\u8868parent\u7684\u4e3b\u952eid=1\u88ab\u5220\u9664，\u5b50\u8868child\u4e2d\u5916\u952eparent_id=1\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u5220\u9664；\u82e5\u7236\u8868id=1\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3aid=2，\u5b50\u8868parent_id=1\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a2\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001SET NULL（\u8bbe\u4e3a\u7a7a）<\/h4>\n

\u8bf4\u660e：\u5f53\u7236\u8868\u5220\u9664\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6，\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u5b50\u8868\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5916\u952e\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3anull（\u8981\u6c42\u5916\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u5141\u8bb8null，\u5426\u5219\u62a5\u9519）\u3002
\n\u6ce8\u610f：SET NULL\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c（\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301，\u56e0\u4e3a\u66f4\u65b0\u7236\u8868\u4e3b\u952e\u65f6，\u5b50\u8868\u5916\u952e\u5e94\u6539\u4e3a\u65b0\u503c，\u800c\u975enull）\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3001SET DEFAULT（\u8bbe\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c）<\/h4>\n

\u8bf4\u660e：\u5f53\u7236\u8868\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6，\u5b50\u8868\u5916\u952e\u5217\u8bbe\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c（\u5982DEFAULT 0）\u3002
\n\u9650\u5236：MySQL\u7684InnoDB\u5f15\u64ce\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6b64\u884c\u4e3a（\u4ec5MyISAM\u652f\u6301，\u4f46MyISAM\u65e0\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f，\u6545\u5b9e\u9645\u65e0\u610f\u4e49）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n

1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u73b0\u6709\u7ea6\u675f<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u4e4b\u524d，\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u77e5\u9053\u8868\u91cc\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ea6\u675f，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u53eb\u4ec0\u4e48\u540d\u5b57（\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5916\u952e\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u540d）\u3002
\n\u547d\u4ee4： SHOW CREATE TABLE \u8868\u540d;
\n\u573a\u666f： \u4f60\u63a5\u624b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8001\u9879\u76ee，\u60f3\u77e5\u9053 orders \u8868\u91cc\u7684\u5916\u952e\u5230\u5e95\u53eb\u4ec0\u4e48\u540d\u5b57，\u6216\u8005\u60f3\u786e\u8ba4\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n

— \u67e5\u770b orders \u8868\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5efa\u8868\u8bed\u53e5，\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7ea6\u675f\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span>
\nSHOW<\/span> CREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> orders;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d，CONSTRAINT fk_xxx FOREIGN KEY… \u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u91cc\u7684 fk_xxx \u5c31\u662f\u5916\u952e\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u540d\u79f0，\u5220\u9664\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u800c UNIQUE KEY uk_xxx \u91cc\u7684 uk_xxx \u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7ea6\u675f<\/h4>\n

\u5f53\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\u53d8\u4e25\u683c\u65f6（\u4f8b\u5982：\u4ee5\u524d\u5141\u8bb8\u90ae\u7bb1\u4e3a\u7a7a，\u73b0\u5728\u5fc5\u987b\u5fc5\u586b\u4e14\u552f\u4e00），\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7ea6\u675f\u3002
\n\u6dfb\u52a0\u975e\u7a7a\/\u9ed8\u8ba4\/\u68c0\u67e5\u7ea6\u675f
\n\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7ea6\u675f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f9d\u9644\u4e8e\u5b57\u6bb5，\u4f7f\u7528 MODIFY \u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

— \u7ed9 email \u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/span>
\nALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users
\nMODIFY<\/span> COLUMN<\/span> email VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>100<\/span>)<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span> DEFAULT<\/span> 'unknown@example.com'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u952e\u3001\u552f\u4e00\u3001\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f
\n\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7ea6\u675f\u901a\u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8868\u7ea7\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

— 1. \u6dfb\u52a0\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f (\u5047\u8bbe\u4e4b\u524d\u6ca1\u52a0)<\/span>
\nALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users ADD<\/span> UNIQUE<\/span> (<\/span>phone_number)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— 2. \u6dfb\u52a0\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f (\u6700\u5e38\u7528)<\/span>
\nALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> orders
\nADD<\/span> CONSTRAINT<\/span> fk_order_user
\nFOREIGN<\/span> KEY<\/span> (<\/span>user_id)<\/span> REFERENCES<\/span> users(<\/span>id)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

ADD CONSTRAINT \u540e\u9762\u7684\u540d\u5b57（\u5982 fk_order_user）\u662f\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u8d77\u7684，\u5efa\u8bae\u9075\u5faa fk_\u5b50\u8868_\u7236\u8868 \u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303，\u65b9\u4fbf\u65e5\u540e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u79fb\u9664\u7ea6\u675f<\/h4>\n

\u5f53\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u53d8\u66f4，\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd（\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e38\u53bb\u6389\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5916\u952e），\u9700\u8981\u79fb\u9664\u7ea6\u675f\u3002
\n\u5220\u9664\u975e\u7a7a\/\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ea6\u675f
\n\u540c\u6837\u901a\u8fc7 MODIFY \u5b57\u6bb5\u5b9a\u4e49\u6765\u201c\u8986\u76d6\u201d\u65e7\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

— \u53bb\u6389 status \u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f（\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u7a7a）<\/span>
\nALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users
\nMODIFY<\/span> COLUMN<\/span> status<\/span> TINYINT<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u4e3b\u952e\u3001\u552f\u4e00\u3001\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f
\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u533a\u522b：
\n\u5220\u9664\u4e3b\u952e： \u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

ALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users DROP<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> KEY<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f： \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5220\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n

— \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 uk_phone \u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u540d，\u4e0d\u662f\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d<\/span>
\nALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users DROP<\/span> INDEX<\/span> uk_phone;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f： \u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u5916\u952e\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n

ALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> orders DROP<\/span> FOREIGN<\/span> KEY<\/span> fk_order_user;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u5916\u952e\u540e，\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5916\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981，\u8bb0\u5f97\u624b\u52a8 DROP INDEX \u628a\u5b83\u4e5f\u5220\u6389，\u5426\u5219\u5b83\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u5f71\u54cd\u5199\u5165\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u7ea6\u675f<\/h4>\n

MySQL \u6ca1\u6709 ALTER CONSTRAINT \u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u201c\u6539\u201d = \u201c\u5148\u5220\u540e\u52a0\u201d\u3002
\n\u573a\u666f\u4e3e\u4f8b：
\n\u539f\u672c\u8ba2\u5355\u8868\u7684\u5916\u952e\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u201c\u7981\u6b62\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237（RESTRICT）\u201d，\u73b0\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u53d8\u66f4\u4e3a\u201c\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u65f6，\u5c06\u5176\u8ba2\u5355\u5f52\u5c5e\u7f6e\u7a7a（SET NULL）\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

— \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65：\u67e5\u540d\u5b57（\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a）<\/span>
\nSHOW<\/span> CREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> orders;<\/span>
\n— \u5047\u8bbe\u67e5\u5230\u5916\u952e\u540d\u53eb fk_order_user<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65：\u5220\u6389\u65e7\u7684\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f<\/span>
\nALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> orders DROP<\/span> FOREIGN<\/span> KEY<\/span> fk_order_user;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65：\u52a0\u4e0a\u65b0\u7684\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f（\u5e26\u65b0\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\u7b56\u7565）<\/span>
\nALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> orders
\nADD<\/span> CONSTRAINT<\/span> fk_order_user_new — \u5efa\u8bae\u6362\u4e2a\u65b0\u540d\u5b57，\u6216\u8005\u6cbf\u7528\u65e7\u540d<\/span>
\nFOREIGN<\/span> KEY<\/span> (<\/span>user_id)<\/span> REFERENCES<\/span> users(<\/span>id)<\/span>
\nON<\/span> DELETE<\/span> SET<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • \u4e3b\u952e\u9009\u62e9：\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u4e1a\u52a1\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u81ea\u589e\u6574\u6570（\u5982 AUTO_INCREMENT），\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u4e1a\u52a1\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u4fee\u6539\u4e3b\u952e\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5916\u952e\u547d\u540d：\u4f7f\u7528 fk_\u5b50\u8868_\u7236\u8868 \u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303，\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u68c0\u67e5\u7ea6\u675f：\u5728 MySQL 8.0.16 \u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u79ef\u6781\u4f7f\u7528，\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u4e0b\u6c89\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6027\u80fd\u8003\u91cf：\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u9500，\u5728\u5199\u5165\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u8d85\u5927\u578b\u8868\u4e2d\u9700\u8c28\u614e\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u5176\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4fdd\u969c\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4e1a\u52a1\u5339\u914d：\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u4ed4\u7ec6\u9009\u62e9 ON DELETE \u548c ON UPDATE \u884c\u4e3a，\u4f8b\u5982：\n
      \n
    • \u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u5173\u8054（\u5982\u8ba2\u5355-\u7528\u6237）\u4f7f\u7528 RESTRICT \u6216 CASCADE\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b49\u53ef\u72ec\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5173\u8054\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 SET NULL\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u516d\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u793a\u4f8b<\/h2>\n

      \u573a\u666f\u80cc\u666f：\u7535\u5546\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u7528\u6237\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u8ba2\u5355\u201d
      \n\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u89d2\u8272：
      \n\u7528\u6237\u8868 (users)：\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u7236\u8868\u201d\u3002
      \n\u8ba2\u5355\u8868 (orders)：\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5b50\u8868\u201d\u3002
      \n\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u662f：\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u591a\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355，\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355\u5fc5\u987b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u9500\u4e86，\u4ed6\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406？\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u7ea6\u675f\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

      1\u3001\u5efa\u8868\u5b9e\u6218（\u7efc\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u7ea6\u675f）<\/h4>\n

      \u8bf7\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684 SQL \u4ee3\u7801，\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4f60\u62c6\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u4f5c\u7528：<\/p>\n

      — 1. \u521b\u5efa\u7236\u8868：\u7528\u6237\u8868<\/span>
      \nCREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users (<\/span>
      \n user_id INT<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> KEY<\/span>,<\/span> — \u3010\u4e3b\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\u3011：\u7528\u6237\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1，\u975e\u7a7a\u4e14\u552f\u4e00<\/span>
      \n username VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> — \u3010\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f\u3011：\u6ce8\u518c\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u586b\u540d\u5b57，\u4e0d\u80fd\u7559\u7a7a<\/span>
      \n email VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>100<\/span>)<\/span> UNIQUE<\/span>,<\/span> — \u3010\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f\u3011：\u90ae\u7bb1\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u590d，\u9632\u6b62\u4e24\u4eba\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u90ae\u7bb1\u6ce8\u518c<\/span>
      \n status<\/span> TINYINT<\/span> DEFAULT<\/span> 1<\/span> — \u3010\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ea6\u675f\u3011：\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u586b\u72b6\u6001，\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a1（\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u6b63\u5e38\u201d）<\/span>
      \n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      — 2. \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8868：\u8ba2\u5355\u8868<\/span>
      \nCREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> orders (<\/span>
      \n order_id INT<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> KEY<\/span>,<\/span> — \u3010\u4e3b\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\u3011：\u8ba2\u5355\u53f7\u552f\u4e00<\/span>
      \n user_id INT<\/span>,<\/span> — \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u5b57\u6bb5，\u51c6\u5907\u7528\u6765\u505a\u5916\u952e<\/span>
      \n amount DECIMAL<\/span>(<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span> CHECK<\/span> (<\/span>amount ><\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> — \u3010\u68c0\u67e5\u7ea6\u675f\u3011：\u8ba2\u5355\u91d1\u989d\u5fc5\u987b\u5927\u4e8e0，\u9632\u6b62\u5f55\u5165\u8d1f\u6570\u91d1\u989d<\/span>
      \n create_time DATETIME<\/span>,<\/span><\/p>\n

      — \u3010\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\u3011\u6838\u5fc3\u767b\u573a！<\/span>
      \n CONSTRAINT<\/span> fk_user_order — \u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5916\u952e\u5173\u7cfb\u8d77\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57，\u65b9\u4fbf\u7ba1\u7406<\/span>
      \n FOREIGN<\/span> KEY<\/span> (<\/span>user_id)<\/span> — \u5b50\u8868\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5916\u952e？\u662f user_id<\/span>
      \n REFERENCES<\/span> users(<\/span>user_id)<\/span> — \u5b83\u5173\u8054\u7684\u662f\u7236\u8868(users)\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5？\u662f user_id<\/span>
      \n ON<\/span> DELETE<\/span> CASCADE<\/span> — \u3010\u5220\u9664\u884c\u4e3a\u3011：\u7236\u8868\u5220\u4eba，\u5b50\u8868\u8ba2\u5355\u8ddf\u7740\u5220（\u7ea7\u8054\u5220\u9664）<\/span>
      \n ON<\/span> UPDATE<\/span> CASCADE<\/span> — \u3010\u66f4\u65b0\u884c\u4e3a\u3011：\u7236\u8868\u6539ID，\u5b50\u8868\u8ba2\u5355\u8ddf\u7740\u6539（\u7ea7\u8054\u66f4\u65b0）<\/span>
      \n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      2\u3001\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790：\u5916\u952e\u7684\u5220\u9664\u4e0e\u66f4\u65b0\u884c\u4e3a<\/h4>\n

      \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5728 orders \u8868\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 ON DELETE CASCADE \u548c ON UPDATE CASCADE\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u795e\u5947\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u573a\u666f A：\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u63d2\u5165（\u68c0\u67e5\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0e\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f）<\/p>\n

      — \u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5e38\u7528\u6237<\/span>
      \nINSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> users (<\/span>user_id,<\/span> username,<\/span> email)<\/span> VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>,<\/span> 'zhang@test.com'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      — \u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355，\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a 100<\/span>
      \nINSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> orders (<\/span>order_id,<\/span> user_id,<\/span> amount)<\/span> VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>1001<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> 100.00<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n— \u6210\u529f！\u56e0\u4e3a\u7528\u62371\u5b58\u5728，\u4e14\u91d1\u989d\u5927\u4e8e0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      — \u5c1d\u8bd5\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u91d1\u989d\u4e3a -50 \u7684\u8ba2\u5355<\/span>
      \nINSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> orders (<\/span>order_id,<\/span> user_id,<\/span> amount)<\/span> VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>1002<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> –<\/span>50.00<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
      \n— \u62a5\u9519！\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86 CHECK (amount > 0) \u68c0\u67e5\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u573a\u666f B：\u5916\u952e\u7684\u201c\u8fde\u5750\u201d\u673a\u5236（CASCADE）<\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u662f\u5916\u952e\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u770b\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684 ON DELETE CASCADE（\u7ea7\u8054\u5220\u9664）\u3002
      \n\u64cd\u4f5c： \u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c01\u7981\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u201c\u5f20\u4e09\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n

      DELETE<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> user_id =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • users \u8868\u4e2d user_id = 1 \u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u5173\u952e\u70b9\u6765\u4e86：MySQL \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb orders \u8868\u91cc\u627e，\u53d1\u73b0\u8ba2\u5355 1001 \u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7528\u6237 1 \u7684\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u56e0\u4e3a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 CASCADE，\u8ba2\u5355 1001 \u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u5220\u9664！<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u573a\u666f C：\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u4fdd\u7559\u8ba2\u5355\u600e\u4e48\u529e？（SET NULL）<\/p>\n

        \u5982\u679c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d，\u5373\u4fbf\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u9500\u4e86，\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u60f3\u4fdd\u7559\u4ed6\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u4e8e\u8d22\u52a1\u5ba1\u8ba1，\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528 CASCADE \u4e86，\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u5efa\u8868\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 ON DELETE SET NULL\u3002
        \n\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u5916\u952e\u7b56\u7565\u4e3a SET NULL：
        \n\u64cd\u4f5c： \u518d\u6b21\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237 1\u3002<\/p>\n

        DELETE<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> user_id =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • users \u8868\u4e2d\u7528\u6237 1 \u6ca1\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n
        • orders \u8868\u4e2d，\u8ba2\u5355 1001 \u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728！<\/li>\n
        • \u4f46\u662f，\u8ba2\u5355 1001 \u7684 user_id \u5b57\u6bb5\u53d8\u6210\u4e86 NULL\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u6ce8\u610f：\u5982\u679c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 SET NULL，\u4f60\u7684\u5b50\u8868\u5916\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5（user_id）\u5fc5\u987b\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a NULL（\u5373\u5efa\u8868\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u52a0 NOT NULL）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          \u200b\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5
          \n\u5b9a\u4e49
          \n\u7ea6\u675f\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u9650\u5236\u8868\u6570\u636e\u7684\u89c4\u5219，\u901a\u8fc7\u7ea6\u675f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3001\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027，\u9632\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002
          \n\u4f5c\u7528
          \n\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027：\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7b26\u5408\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91（\u5982\u4e3b\u952e\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u3001\u5916\u952e\u5173\u8054\u4e00\u81f4\u6027）；
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