{"id":91118,"date":"2026-08-06T23:32:50","date_gmt":"2026-08-06T15:32:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/91118.html"},"modified":"2026-08-06T23:32:50","modified_gmt":"2026-08-06T15:32:50","slug":"%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%9b%9b%e7%a7%8d%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e7%9a%84%e9%a1%b5%e9%9d%a2%e7%bd%ae%e6%8d%a2%e7%ae%97%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/91118.html","title":{"rendered":"\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u56db\u79cd\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u9875\u9762\u7f6e\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<h4>\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>1. \u6700\u4f73\u7f6e\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5 (OPT \/ Optimal)<\/li>\n<li>2. \u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u7b97\u6cd5 (FIFO \/ First-In First-Out)<\/li>\n<li>3. \u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u4e45\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7b97\u6cd5 (LRU \/ Least Recently Used)<\/li>\n<li>4. \u65f6\u949f\u7f6e\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5 (CLOCK \/ NRU)<\/li>\n<li>&#x1f4ca; \u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u603b\u7ed3&#xff08;\u590d\u4e60\u795e\u5668&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>1. \u6700\u4f73\u7f6e\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5 (OPT \/ Optimal)<\/h4>\n<p>\u53e3\u8bc0&#xff1a; \u201c\u5411\u540e\u770b&#xff0c;\u8c01\u6700\u8fdc&#xff0c;\u5c31\u8e22\u8c01\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u539f\u7406&#xff1a; \u9009\u62e9\u672a\u6765\u6700\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9875\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u6dd8\u6c70\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3&#xff1a;\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u7f3a\u9875\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff1a;\u56e0\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u77e5\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9875\u9762\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e8f\u5217&#xff08;\u5b83\u662f\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u89c6\u89d2\u201d&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u901a\u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5176\u4ed6\u7b97\u6cd5\u597d\u574f\u7684\u6807\u51c6&#xff08;Benchmark&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6a21\u62df\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff08;3\u4e2a\u5757&#xff09;&#xff1a;\n<li>\u88c5\u5165 7, 0, 1 &#xff08;\u7f3a\u98753\u6b21&#xff0c;\u5185\u5b58\u6ee1&#xff1a;[7, 0, 1]&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 2&#xff1a;\u5185\u5b58\u6ee1\u3002\u770b\u672a\u6765\u5e8f\u5217 0, 3, 0, 4\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>0 \u9a6c\u4e0a\u8981\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>1 \u5f88\u4e45\u4ee5\u540e\u624d\u7528&#xff08;\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u7528\u4e86&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u51b3\u7b56&#xff1a; \u6dd8\u6c70 1\u3002&#xff08;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u672a\u6765\u6700\u4e45\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u5230&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 0&#xff1a;\u547d\u4e2d&#xff08;\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u6709&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 3&#xff1a;\u5185\u5b58\u6ee1 [7, 0, 2]\u3002\u770b\u672a\u6765 0, 4\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>0 \u9a6c\u4e0a\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>7 \u540e\u9762\u90fd\u4e0d\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u51b3\u7b56&#xff1a; \u6dd8\u6c70 7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; \u6027\u80fd\u6700\u597d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>2. \u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u7b97\u6cd5 (FIFO \/ First-In First-Out)<\/h4>\n<p>\u53e3\u8bc0&#xff1a; \u201c\u6392\u961f\u8bba&#xff0c;\u8c01\u5148\u6765&#xff0c;\u5148\u8e22\u8c01\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u539f\u7406&#xff1a; \u603b\u662f\u6dd8\u6c70\u6700\u65e9\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u9875\u9762\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u6392\u961f\u4e70\u7968&#xff0c;\u5148\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u5148\u8d70\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355&#xff1a;\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u8bb0\u5f55\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u5dee&#xff1a;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u7ba1\u9875\u9762\u662f\u5426\u5e38\u7528&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ee3\u7801&#xff08;\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u8c03\u5165&#xff09;\u7ed9\u8e22\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Belady\u5f02\u5e38&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u662fFIFO\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5751\u2014\u2014\u5206\u914d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5757\u8d8a\u591a&#xff0c;\u7f3a\u9875\u6b21\u6570\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6a21\u62df\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff08;3\u4e2a\u5757&#xff09;&#xff1a;\n<li>\u88c5\u5165 7, 0, 1 &#xff08;\u987a\u5e8f&#xff1a;7\u5728\u6700\u5e95&#xff0c;1\u5728\u6700\u9876&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 2&#xff1a;\u6dd8\u6c70\u6700\u65e9\u8fdb\u6765\u7684 7\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u53d8\u4e3a [0, 1, 2]\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 0&#xff1a;\u547d\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 3&#xff1a;\u6dd8\u6c70\u6700\u65e9\u8fdb\u6765\u7684 0\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u53d8\u4e3a [1, 2, 3]\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 0&#xff1a;\u7f3a\u9875&#xff01;\u6dd8\u6c70 1\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u53d8\u4e3a [2, 3, 0]\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 4&#xff1a;\u7f3a\u9875&#xff01;\u6dd8\u6c70 2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; \u6700\u7b80\u5355&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6548\u7387\u4f4e&#xff0c;\u4e14\u6709Belady\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>3. \u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u4e45\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7b97\u6cd5 (LRU \/ Least Recently Used)<\/h4>\n<p>\u53e3\u8bc0&#xff1a; \u201c\u5411\u524d\u770b&#xff0c;\u8c01\u6700\u4e45\u6ca1\u7528&#xff0c;\u5c31\u8e22\u8c01\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u539f\u7406&#xff1a; \u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u53bb\u6700\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9875\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u6dd8\u6c70\u3002\u5b83\u662fOPT\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u201c\u9006\u5411\u601d\u7ef4\u201d&#xff08;\u5229\u7528\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u539f\u7406&#xff1a;\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0d\u7528\u7684&#xff0c;\u672a\u6765\u5927\u6982\u7387\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u597d&#xff1a;\u63a5\u8fd1OPT\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f00\u9500\u5927&#xff1a;\u786c\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u8bb0\u5f55\u201c\u4e0a\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u6216\u8005\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\/\u8ba1\u6570\u5668&#xff0c;\u786c\u4ef6\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6a21\u62df\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff08;3\u4e2a\u5757&#xff09;&#xff1a;\n<li>\u88c5\u5165 7, 0, 1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 2&#xff1a;\u770b\u8fc7\u53bb&#xff0c;7\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u4ee5\u524d\u7528\u7684&#xff08;0\u548c1\u521a\u7528\u8fc7&#xff09;\u3002\u6dd8\u6c70 7\u3002\u5185\u5b58 [0, 1, 2]\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 0&#xff1a;\u547d\u4e2d&#xff01;\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;0\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u6700\u65b0\u201d\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u8001\u65e7\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff1a;1(\u6700\u8001) &gt; 2 &gt; 0(\u6700\u65b0)\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 3&#xff1a;\u6dd8\u6c70\u6700\u8001\u7684 1\u3002\u5185\u5b58 [0, 2, 3]\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 0&#xff1a;\u547d\u4e2d&#xff01;0\u53c8\u53d8\u6700\u65b0\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee 4&#xff1a;\u6b64\u65f6\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u662f 0, 2, 3\u3002\u5176\u4e2d 2 \u662f\u6700\u4e45\u6ca1\u88ab\u78b0\u8fc7\u7684\u3002\u6dd8\u6c70 2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u603b\u7ed3&#xff1a; \u6027\u80fd\u597d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u786c\u4ef6\u592a\u8d35&#xff0c;\u96be\u4ee5\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4. \u65f6\u949f\u7f6e\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5 (CLOCK \/ NRU)<\/h4>\n<p>\u53e3\u8bc0&#xff1a; \u201c\u8f6c\u5708\u5708&#xff0c;\u6307\u9488\u626b&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u7528\u8fc7\u5c31\u8e22&#xff0c;\u7528\u8fc7\u7ed9\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u539f\u7406&#xff1a; LRU\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u964d\u4f4e\u786c\u4ef6\u6210\u672c&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f4d&#xff08;Use Bit&#xff09;\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>\u9875\u9762\u521a\u8c03\u5165\u6216\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6&#xff0c;\u628a\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6dd8\u6c70\u65f6&#xff0c;\u50cf\u65f6\u949f\u6307\u9488\u4e00\u6837\u626b\u63cf\u9875\u9762&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f4d\u662f 1&#xff1a;\u7ed9\u5b83\u4e00\u6b21\u673a\u4f1a&#xff0c;\u628a\u5b83\u7f6e\u4e3a 0&#xff0c;\u6307\u9488\u4e0b\u79fb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f4d\u662f 0&#xff1a;\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u6ca1\u7528\u5b83&#xff0c;\u6dd8\u6c70\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u9636\u7248&#xff08;\u8003\u8bd5\u5e38\u8003&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6539\u8fdb\u578bClock\u7b97\u6cd5\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u770b\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f4d(A)&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u8981\u770b\u4fee\u6539\u4f4d(M)\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7&#xff1a;\n<li>(A&#061;0, M&#061;0)&#xff1a;\u6700\u4f73\u6dd8\u6c70&#xff08;\u6ca1\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6539&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u8e22&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7528\u5199\u56de\u78c1\u76d8&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>(A&#061;0, M&#061;1)&#xff1a;\u6b21\u4f73&#xff08;\u6ca1\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f46\u6539\u4e86&#xff0c;\u8e22\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u5199\u56de\u78c1\u76d8&#xff0c;\u6162\u4e00\u70b9&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>(A&#061;1, M&#061;0)&#xff1a;\u521a\u7528\u8fc7&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>(A&#061;1, M&#061;1)&#xff1a;\u521a\u7528\u8fc7\u4e14\u6539\u4e86&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4fee\u6539\u4f4d\u5c31\u662f\u770b\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728 (A&#061;0, M&#061;0) \u7684\u9875\u9762&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u626b\u63cf\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u627e\u5230\u5b83\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u6dd8\u6c70\u6389&#xff0c;\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e&#xff0c;\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u5bf9 (A&#061;0, M&#061;1) \u9875\u9762\u7684\u6dd8\u6c70\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u79ef\u7d2f\u8fc7\u591a\u810f\u9875&#xff08;A&#061;0, M&#061;1&#xff09;\u5bfc\u81f4\u9875\u9762\u7f6e\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5\u9677\u5165\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u591a\u8f6e\u626b\u63cf\u4e0e\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u74f6\u9888&#xff0c;\u73b0\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u540e\u53f0\u56de\u5199\u7ebf\u7a0b\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u4f1a\u4e13\u95e8\u5bf9&#xff08;A&#061;0, 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