{"id":89019,"date":"2026-08-02T09:00:58","date_gmt":"2026-08-02T01:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/89019.html"},"modified":"2026-08-02T09:00:58","modified_gmt":"2026-08-02T01:00:58","slug":"%e3%80%90springboot-4-x-%e7%ac%ac209%e8%8a%82%e3%80%91%e7%ba%bf%e4%b8%8a%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%e5%8f%98%e6%85%a2%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9a%e4%bd%8d%ef%bc%9a%e6%85%a2-sql%e3%80%81%e6%85%a2%e6%8e%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/89019.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010SpringBoot 4.x \u7b2c209\u8282\u3011\u7ebf\u4e0a\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1a\u6162 SQL\u3001\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u6392\u67e5\u5b9e\u6218\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/20260802010055-6a6e96c776e9b.png\" \/> <\/p>\n<p>&#x1f3c6; \u672c\u6587\u6536\u5f55\u4e8e \u300a\u6eda\u96ea\u7403\u5b66 Spring Boot 4.x\u300b \u4e13\u680f\u3002 \u672c\u4e13\u680f\u9762\u5411 \u6709\u4e00\u5b9a Java \u57fa\u7840&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5c1a\u672a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60 Spring Boot \u7684\u8bfb\u8005&#xff0c;\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u6eda\u96ea\u7403\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\u6cd5\u201d&#xff1a;\u5148\u8dd1\u901a\u3001\u518d\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u518d\u91cd\u6784\u3001\u518d\u4e0a\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u5e26\u4f60\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Hello API \u5f00\u59cb&#xff0c;\u9010\u6b65\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u53ef\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u9879\u76ee\u3002 \u2003 &#x1f3af; \u9002\u5408\u4eba\u7fa4&#xff1a; Java \u521d\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u540e\u7aef\u5165\u95e8\u540c\u5b66\u3001\u60f3\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u5347 Spring Boot \u5de5\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u3001\u51c6\u5907\u505a\u9879\u76ee\u5199\u8fdb\u7b80\u5386\u7684\u540c\u5b66&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u60f3\u4ece Spring Boot 2.x \/ 3.x \u8fc7\u6e21\u5230 Spring Boot 4.x \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u201c\u80fd\u5199\u63a5\u53e3\u201d\u5230\u201c\u80fd\u505a\u9879\u76ee\u201d&#xff0c;\u4ece\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u6ce8\u89e3\u201d\u5230\u201c\u7406\u89e3\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u201d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u96f6\u6563\u5b66&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u8def\u6eda\u96ea\u7403&#xff01;<\/p>\n<p>&#x1f389; <font color=\"red\">\u9650\u65f6\u798f\u5229&#xff1a;\u5f53\u524d\u4e13\u680f\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e00\u6b21\u8ba2\u9605&#xff0c;\u7ec8\u8eab\u9605\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u540e\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u7ae0\u8282\u5168\u90e8\u514d\u8d39\u89e3\u9501 &#x1f449; \u7acb\u5373\u67e5\u770b<\/font> &#x1f448;\ufe0f \u2003 &#x1f381; \u60f3\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u9636&#xff1f;\u6211\u8fd8\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 Spring Boot \u5168\u6808\u8fdb\u9636\u5b9e\u6218\u7cfb\u5217&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>&#x1f449; \u300aSpring Boot 2.x \u5b9e\u6218\u300b &#x1f449; \u300aSpring Boot 3.x \u5b9e\u6218\u300b &#x1f449; \u300aSpring Boot 4.x \u5b9e\u6218\u300b<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u4e00\u6b21\u6253\u901a Spring Boot \u4e3b\u6d41\u7248\u672c&#xff1f;\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5b66\u4e60 \u300aSpring Boot \u5168\u6808\u5b9e\u6218\u5408\u96c6\u300b&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u8986\u76d6 Spring Boot 2.x\u30013.x\u30014.x \u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u6218\u4e0e\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5f00\u53d1\u7ecf\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u52a9\u4f60\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u5e94\u7528\u8d70\u5411\u67b6\u6784\u8fdb\u9636\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6f14\u793a\u73af\u5883\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177&#xff1a;IDEA 2025.x \u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c<\/li>\n<li>JDK\u7248\u672c&#xff1a;JDK 17 \u6216\u66f4\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u63a8\u8350 JDK 21 \/ JDK 25<\/li>\n<li>Spring Boot\u7248\u672c&#xff1a;4.0.x&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 4.0.6<\/li>\n<li>Spring Framework\u7248\u672c&#xff1a;7.x<\/li>\n<li>Jakarta EE\u7248\u672c&#xff1a;Jakarta EE 11<\/li>\n<li>Maven\u7248\u672c&#xff1a;3.6.3 \u6216\u66f4\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u63a8\u8350 3.9.x&#043;<\/li>\n<li>Gradle\u7248\u672c&#xff1a;Gradle 8.14&#043; \u6216 Gradle 9.x<\/li>\n<li>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;Windows 11<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5168\u6587\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1a;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u3001\u524d\u8a00&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Spring Boot 4 \u503c\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c\u3001\u672c\u6587\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<li>\u4e09\u3001Spring Boot 4.x \u7684\u7248\u672c\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>3.1 Spring Boot \u4e0e Spring Framework \u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/li>\n<li>3.2 Java 17&#043; \u662f\u5e95\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u5efa\u8bae<\/li>\n<li>3.3 Jakarta EE 11 \u4e0e &#096;jakarta.*&#096;<\/li>\n<li>3.4 \u6a21\u5757\u5316 Starter&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u76f2\u7528\u65e7\u4f9d\u8d56<\/li>\n<li>3.5 Jackson 3&#xff1a;\u63a5\u53e3\u8fd4\u56de JSON \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u80cc\u666f\u53d8\u4e86<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u56db\u3001Spring Boot 4.x \u6838\u5fc3\u53d8\u5316\u603b\u89c8<\/li>\n<li>\u4e94\u3001\u7ebf\u4e0a\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>5.1 \u63a5\u53e3\u6162&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e SQL \u6162<\/li>\n<li>5.2 Spring Boot 4.x \u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe<\/li>\n<li>5.3 \u6162 SQL \u600e\u4e48\u5224\u65ad<\/li>\n<li>5.4 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u8ba9\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u516d\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>6.1 \u6280\u672f\u6808\u9009\u62e9<\/li>\n<li>6.2 \u9879\u76ee\u5206\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u56fe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e03\u3001\u6848\u4f8b\u4e00&#xff1a;\u6700\u5c0f\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u793a\u4f8b\u2014\u2014\u5148\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6162\u63a5\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>7.1 Maven \u4f9d\u8d56<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>7.2 application.yml<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>7.3 \u542f\u52a8\u7c7b<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>7.4 \u7edf\u4e00\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>7.5 traceId Filter<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>7.6 \u6162\u8bf7\u6c42\u62e6\u622a\u5668<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>7.7 \u57fa\u7840 Controller<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>7.8 \u542f\u52a8\u4e0e\u8bbf\u95ee<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u516b\u3001\u6848\u4f8b\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u9762\u5411\u771f\u5b9e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6539\u9020\u2014\u2014\u6162 SQL \u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>8.1 Entity&#xff1a;\u6587\u7ae0\u5b9e\u4f53<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>8.2 DTO \u4e0e VO<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>8.3 Repository<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>8.4 \u4e1a\u52a1\u5f02\u5e38\u4e0e\u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>8.5 Service \u5c42<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>8.6 Controller<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>8.7 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>8.8 \u8bf7\u6c42\u793a\u4f8b<\/li>\n<li>8.9 \u6162 Service \u65b9\u6cd5 AOP<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e5d\u3001\u6848\u4f8b\u4e09&#xff1a;\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u589e\u5f3a\u5b9e\u8df5\u2014\u2014\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u3001Actuator \u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>9.1 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u914d\u7f6e\u5c5e\u6027<\/li>\n<li>9.2 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60 Bean<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>9.3 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u5feb\u7167 VO<\/li>\n<li>9.4 DiagnosticService<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>9.5 DiagnosticController<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>9.6 \u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u8f6c\u56fe<\/li>\n<li>9.7 \u6162 SQL DataSource \u5305\u88c5\u5668<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>9.8 RestTestClient \u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5341\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u6e90\u7801\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>10.1 \u4e00\u6b21\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u65e5\u5fd7\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u770b<\/li>\n<li>10.2 \u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe<\/li>\n<li>10.3 \u6162 SQL \u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4f18\u5316\u601d\u8def<\/li>\n<li>10.4 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4f18\u5316\u601d\u8def<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u8e29\u5751\u603b\u7ed3<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Spring Boot 4.x \u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u6c42 Java 17&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>2. Spring Boot 4.x \u548c Spring Framework 7.x \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>3. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Spring Boot 4.x \u4e2d\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u7ee7\u7eed\u628a &#096;spring-boot-starter-web&#096; \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u63a8\u8350\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>4. &#096;spring-boot-starter-webmvc&#096; \u548c &#096;spring-boot-starter-web&#096; \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>5. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 &#096;javax.validation&#096; \u5728 Spring Boot 4.x \u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5199\u6cd5&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>6. &#096;jakarta.validation&#096;\u3001&#096;jakarta.persistence&#096;\u3001&#096;jakarta.annotation&#096; \u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u4ec0\u4e48\u573a\u666f&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>7. Controller \u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de Entity&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>8. DTO\u3001VO\u3001Entity \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>9. \u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u6548&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>10. &#096;application.yml&#096; \u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>11. \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u6ce8\u89e3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u89e6\u53d1&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>12. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u52a0\u4e86 &#096;&#064;Valid&#096; \u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u5165\u6821\u9a8c&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>13. Service \u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u987b\u62c6\u5206&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>14. Spring Boot 4.x \u9879\u76ee\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9 Maven \u4f9d\u8d56\u7248\u672c&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>15. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u91cc\u7684\u65e7\u5bfc\u5165\u8def\u5f84\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>16. MockMvc\u3001RestTestClient\u3001WebTestClient \u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u9009&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>17. Jackson 3 \u5bf9\u8001\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f71\u54cd&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>18. &#096;RestTemplate&#096; \u8fd8\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528&#xff1f;\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u66f4\u63a8\u8350 &#096;RestClient&#096;&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>19. \u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>20. \u4ece Spring Boot 3.x \u5347\u7ea7\u5230 4.x \u65f6\u6700\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>12.1 \u5305\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/li>\n<li>12.2 Controller \u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u8303<\/li>\n<li>12.3 DTO \/ VO \/ Entity \u4f7f\u7528\u8fb9\u754c<\/li>\n<li>12.4 \u7edf\u4e00\u54cd\u5e94\u683c\u5f0f<\/li>\n<li>12.5 \u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<li>12.6 \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c<\/li>\n<li>12.7 \u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>12.8 \u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<li>12.9 Maven \u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<li>12.10 Spring Boot 4.x Starter \u9009\u62e9<\/li>\n<li>12.11 \u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n<li>12.12 \u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n<li>12.13 \u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u6863<\/li>\n<li>12.14 API Versioning<\/li>\n<li>12.15 \u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027<\/li>\n<li>12.16 \u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9&#xff1a;API Versioning\u3001RestClient\u3001Jackson 3\u3001JSpecify\u3001OpenTelemetry<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>13.1 Spring Framework 7 \u7684 API Versioning<\/li>\n<li>13.2 RestClient \u4e0e HTTP Service Client<\/li>\n<li>13.3 Jackson 3 \u4e0e\u63a5\u53e3\u54cd\u5e94<\/li>\n<li>13.4 JSpecify Null-Safety<\/li>\n<li>13.5 Actuator\u3001Micrometer \u4e0e OpenTelemetry<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5341\u56db\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u56de\u987e<\/li>\n<li>\u5341\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/li>\n<li>&#x1f9e7; \u5b66\u4e60\u798f\u5229 \u00b7 \u9650\u65f6\u5f00\u653e &#x1f9e7;<\/li>\n<li>&#x1faf5; Who am I&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u524d\u8a00&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Spring Boot 4 \u503c\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60&#xff1f;<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u89c1\u8fc7\u4e0d\u5c11\u7ebf\u4e0a\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162\u7684\u4e8b\u6545&#xff0c;\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u6392\u67e5\u65f6\u5927\u5bb6\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u9677\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bef\u533a&#xff1a;\u4e00\u770b\u5230\u63a5\u53e3\u6162&#xff0c;\u5c31\u7acb\u523b\u6000\u7591\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1b;\u4e00\u770b\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u53c8\u5f00\u59cb\u6000\u7591 JVM&#xff1b;JVM \u6ca1\u53d1\u73b0\u660e\u663e\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u624d\u60f3\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7 I\/O\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u91cc&#xff0c;\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162\u5f88\u5c11\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8def\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u6765&#xff0c;\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f51\u5173\u3001Tomcat\u3001DispatcherServlet\u3001Controller\u3001Service\u3001Repository\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6267\u884c\u3001JSON \u5e8f\u5217\u5316&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u53d8\u6162&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u201c\u63a5\u53e3\u6162\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Spring Boot 4.x \u503c\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u4ece 3.x \u6539\u5230\u4e86 4.x&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ed3\u6784\u3001Starter \u7ec4\u7ec7\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u5e95\u5c42 Spring Framework 7.x\u3001Jackson 3\u3001Jakarta EE 11\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5 Starter\u3001\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u4f53\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u663e\u793a&#xff0c;\u5f53\u524d Spring Boot 4.0.6 \u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u6c42 Java 17&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8981\u6c42 Spring Framework 7.0.7 \u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c&#xff1b;Maven \u660e\u786e\u652f\u6301 3.6.3 \u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8fd8\u62ff Java 8\u3001Java 11 \u548c\u65e7\u6559\u7a0b\u91cc\u7684 javax.* \u5199\u6cd5\u6765\u642d Spring Boot 4.x \u9879\u76ee&#xff0c;\u5f88\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u662f\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u9519\u4e86&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u7248\u672c\u4f53\u7cfb\u5c31\u9519\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u8282\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u201c\u7ebf\u4e0a\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\u201d&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e09\u7c7b\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u6162\u63a5\u53e3&#xff1a;\u8bf7\u6c42\u672c\u8eab\u8017\u65f6\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6162 SQL&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u5bfc\u81f4\u54cd\u5e94\u53d8\u6162\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d&#xff1a;\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001Tomcat \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u6c60\u88ab\u6253\u6ee1\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u6211\u4f1a\u6309\u201c\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u4e5f\u80fd\u8dd1\u8d77\u6765\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5199&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u505c\u7559\u5728 hello world\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u6700\u5c0f\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u5230\u4e1a\u52a1\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u518d\u5230\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u8bca\u65ad\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9012\u8fdb\u5f0f\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u672c\u6587\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n<p>\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u6559\u4f60\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a Controller&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u5217\u51e0\u4e2a Actuator \u5730\u5740\u8ba9\u4f60\u80cc\u3002\u5b83\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8fdf\u65e9\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u53e3\u5728\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7a81\u7136\u53d8\u6162&#xff0c;\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u770b\u54ea\u91cc&#xff1f;\u600e\u4e48\u8bc1\u660e\u5230\u5e95\u662f SQL \u6162\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u6162&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u51e0\u7c7b\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u201c\u5355\u63a5\u53e3\u6162\u201d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 \/api\/v1\/articles\/search \u5e73\u65f6 100ms \u8fd4\u56de&#xff0c;\u67d0\u5929\u7a81\u7136\u53d8\u6210 3 \u79d2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u770b Controller&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a Controller \u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u884c articleService.search()\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u628a\u8bf7\u6c42\u8017\u65f6\u62c6\u5f00&#xff0c;\u81f3\u5c11\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u662f Web \u5c42\u3001Service \u5c42\u3001Repository \u5c42\u8fd8\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u662f\u201c\u5168\u7ad9\u90fd\u6162\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u6761 SQL \u7684\u9505&#xff0c;\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f Tomcat \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u88ab\u5360\u6ee1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f02\u6b65\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u961f\u5217\u5806\u79ef\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u5361\u6b7b\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u5237\u76d8\u6162&#xff0c;\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u9501\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u91cf\u8bf7\u6c42\u6392\u961f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\u662f\u201c\u5076\u53d1\u6162\u201d\u3002\u538b\u6d4b\u65f6\u4e0d\u660e\u663e&#xff0c;\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5076\u5c14\u6162\u3002\u6392\u67e5\u8fd9\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u80fd\u9760\u731c&#xff0c;\u8981\u9760\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cc\u7684 traceId\u3001\u63a5\u53e3\u8017\u65f6\u3001\u6162 SQL \u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6307\u6807\u3001Actuator \u6307\u6807\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u63a5\u5165 OpenTelemetry \u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4f1a\u5e26\u4f60\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a Spring Boot 4.x Web MVC \u9879\u76ee&#xff0c;\u9010\u6b65\u52a0\u5165&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>spring-boot-starter-webmvc<\/li>\n<li>spring-boot-starter-validation<\/li>\n<li>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa<\/li>\n<li>spring-boot-starter-actuator<\/li>\n<li>spring-boot-starter-webmvc-test<\/li>\n<li>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa-test<\/li>\n<li>\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n<li>\u6162 SQL \u65e5\u5fd7\u5305\u88c5\u5668<\/li>\n<li>DTO \/ VO \/ Entity \u5206\u5c42<\/li>\n<li>Jakarta Validation \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c<\/li>\n<li>\u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u8017\u5c3d\u6a21\u62df<\/li>\n<li>Actuator \u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0e\u6307\u6807\u67e5\u770b<\/li>\n<li>RestTestClient \u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7279\u522b\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u6848\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528 Spring Data JPA&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f MyBatis\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7b80\u5355&#xff1a;Spring Boot 4.x \u751f\u6001\u521a\u8fdb\u5165\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7248\u672c\u4f53\u7cfb\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9 Starter \u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u786e\u8ba4&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u5165\u95e8\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u5f3a\u884c\u5f15\u5165\u3002JPA \u662f Spring Boot \u5b98\u65b9 Starter \u4f53\u7cfb\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u7b49\u516c\u6c11&#xff0c;\u9002\u5408\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u505a\u4e3b\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001Spring Boot 4.x \u7684\u7248\u672c\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1 Spring Boot \u4e0e Spring Framework \u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u4f1a\u628a Spring Boot \u548c Spring Framework \u6df7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Spring Framework \u662f\u5e95\u5c42\u6838\u5fc3\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b IoC\u3001Bean \u7ba1\u7406\u3001AOP\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u3001Spring MVC\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3001\u6821\u9a8c\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u52a0\u8f7d\u7b49\u57fa\u7840\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Spring Boot \u662f\u5de5\u7a0b\u811a\u624b\u67b6\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u4f53\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5e2e\u4f60\u628a\u4e00\u5806\u5e38\u89c1\u4f9d\u8d56\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u6574\u5408\u8d77\u6765&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u4f60\u66f4\u5feb\u642d\u5efa\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Spring Boot 4.x \u4f53\u7cfb\u91cc&#xff0c;\u5e95\u5c42\u57fa\u4e8e Spring Framework 7.x\u3002\u5b66\u4e60 Spring Boot \u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u5543\u5b8c\u6574\u6e90\u7801&#xff0c;\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u51e0\u4e2a\u8bcd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IoC&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u8c61\u7531 Spring \u5bb9\u5668\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Bean&#xff1a;\u88ab Spring \u5bb9\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<li>MVC&#xff1a;\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ece DispatcherServlet \u8fdb\u5165&#xff0c;\u518d\u5206\u53d1\u5230 Controller\u3002<\/li>\n<li>AOP&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u6539\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u524d\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u6a2a\u5207\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u8017\u65f6\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8b\u52a1&#xff1a;\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u4e48\u5168\u90e8\u6210\u529f&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7684\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u7528\u5230 MVC \u8bf7\u6c42\u94fe\u8def\u3001AOP \u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001DataSource \u5305\u88c5\u3001Actuator \u6307\u6807\u66b4\u9732\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.2 Java 17&#043; \u662f\u5e95\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n<p>Spring Boot 4.x \u5b98\u65b9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u6c42\u81f3\u5c11 Java 17&#xff0c;\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u6863\u8fd8\u663e\u793a Spring Boot 4.0.6 \u517c\u5bb9\u5230 Java 26\u3002\u5bf9\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 Java 21&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6240\u5728\u56e2\u961f\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u8ddf\u8fdb Java 25&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 Java 25&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u62ff Java 8 \u6216 Java 11 \u521b\u5efa Boot 4 \u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u70b9\u5bf9\u201c\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162\u6392\u67e5\u201d\u4e5f\u91cd\u8981&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3 Java \u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u3001GC\u3001\u8bca\u65ad\u5de5\u5177\u3001JFR\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\u3002Java 21 \u4e4b\u540e\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e5f\u8fdb\u5165\u7a33\u5b9a\u9636\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u867d\u7136\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u865a\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f53\u6210\u6240\u6709\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e07\u80fd\u836f&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f60\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u77e5\u9053&#xff1a;Spring Boot 4.x \u9879\u76ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ad9\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3 Java \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb Java 8 \u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.3 Jakarta EE 11 \u4e0e jakarta.*<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u590d\u5236\u65e7\u6559\u7a0b\u91cc\u7684\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u770b\u5230&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">javax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Valid<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">javax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>persistence<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Entity<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">javax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PostConstruct<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Spring Boot 4.x \/ Spring Framework 7.x \u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Valid<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>persistence<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Entity<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PostConstruct<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4ece Java EE \u5230 Jakarta EE \u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a&#xff1a;\u751f\u6001\u5df2\u7ecf\u6362\u4e86\u65b0\u5305\u540d&#xff0c;\u65e7 javax.* \u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4e3b\u5199\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f53\u3001\u6821\u9a8c\u3001Servlet Filter \u90fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 jakarta.*\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.4 \u6a21\u5757\u5316 Starter&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u76f2\u7528\u65e7\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h3>\n<p>Spring Boot 4.x \u66f4\u5f3a\u8c03\u6a21\u5757\u5316 Starter\u3002\u5b98\u65b9 Starter \u5217\u8868\u4e2d&#xff0c;spring-boot-starter-webmvc \u662f Spring MVC &#043; Tomcat \u7684 Starter&#xff0c;spring-boot-starter-webmvc-test \u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u6d4b\u8bd5 Starter&#xff1b;\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u65e7\u7684 spring-boot-starter-web \u5728\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u63a8\u8350\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 spring-boot-starter-webmvc \u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u63a8\u8350&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-starter-web<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-starter-webmvc<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5bf9\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u5bfc\u5165\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60 Controller \u5199\u9519\u4e86&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u9009\u9519\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3.5 Jackson 3&#xff1a;\u63a5\u53e3\u8fd4\u56de JSON \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u80cc\u666f\u53d8\u4e86<\/h3>\n<p>Spring Boot 4.x \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 Jackson 3\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u660e\u786e\u8bf4\u660e Jackson 3 \u662f preferred and default library&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6 Jackson 2 \u652f\u6301\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fc1\u79fb\u800c\u4fdd\u7559&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684 Spring Boot 4.x \u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f60\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 VO\u3001record\u3001LocalDateTime\u3001Instant&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u88ab Jackson 3 \u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8001\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 Jackson 2 \u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u3001ObjectMapper \u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u8fc1\u79fb\u65f6\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u8981\u968f\u4fbf\u590d\u5236\u65e7\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9488\u5bf9 Jackson 2 \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4f1a\u7528 record \u505a\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c VO&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u9192\u4f60\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5173\u6ce8\u65e5\u671f\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u548c\u7a7a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001Spring Boot 4.x \u6838\u5fc3\u53d8\u5316\u603b\u89c8<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u5f20\u8868\u662f\u672c\u6587\u6700\u5173\u5fc3\u7684 Spring Boot 4.x \u5f00\u53d1\u4e60\u60ef\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u4e3b\u9898Spring Boot 4.x \u63a8\u8350\u4e60\u60ef\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u5751<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Web MVC \u4f9d\u8d56<\/td>\n<td>spring-boot-starter-webmvc<\/td>\n<td>\u7ee7\u7eed\u628a spring-boot-starter-web \u5f53\u4e3b\u5165\u53e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Web MVC \u6d4b\u8bd5<\/td>\n<td>spring-boot-starter-webmvc-test<\/td>\n<td>\u53ea\u590d\u5236\u65e7\u7248 spring-boot-starter-test \u793a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5 Starter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c<\/td>\n<td>jakarta.validation.*<\/td>\n<td>\u4f7f\u7528 javax.validation.*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>JPA \u5b9e\u4f53<\/td>\n<td>jakarta.persistence.*<\/td>\n<td>\u4f7f\u7528 javax.persistence.*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>JSON<\/td>\n<td>Jackson 3 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f18\u5148<\/td>\n<td>\u590d\u5236 Jackson 2 \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HTTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/td>\n<td>RestClient\u3001HTTP Service Client\u3001WebClient<\/td>\n<td>\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4ecd\u7136\u9996\u63a8 RestTemplate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>API \u7248\u672c<\/td>\n<td>Spring Framework 7 MVC \u652f\u6301 API Versioning<\/td>\n<td>\u53ea\u9760\u624b\u5199 \/v1 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u6f14\u8fdb\u610f\u8bc6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7a7a\u5b89\u5168<\/td>\n<td>Spring Framework 7 \u4f7f\u7528 JSpecify \u6807\u6ce8\u81ea\u8eab API<\/td>\n<td>\u5ffd\u7565 null \u5951\u7ea6&#xff0c;\u7ebf\u4e0a NPE \u96be\u6392\u67e5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027<\/td>\n<td>Actuator\u3001Micrometer\u3001OpenTelemetry<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0a\u7ebf\u540e\u53ea\u770b\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u65e5\u5fd7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u91cc&#xff0c;Spring Framework \u7684 REST \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7ae0\u8282\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a RestClient \u4f5c\u4e3a\u540c\u6b65 fluent API&#xff0c;\u628a WebClient \u4f5c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff0c;\u628a HTTP Service Client \u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a5\u53e3\u5f0f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002RestTemplate \u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u6a21\u677f\u5f0f API&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4e3b\u63a8\u8350\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u548c\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u9898\u4e5f\u6709\u5173\u3002\u63a5\u53e3\u6162\u4e0d\u53ea\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u672c\u670d\u52a1\u5185\u90e8&#xff0c;\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u6162\u4e5f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u91cc&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4f18\u5148\u56f4\u7ed5 RestClient.Builder\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u3001\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6765\u8bbe\u8ba1&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ee7\u7eed\u5230\u5904 new RestTemplate\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e94\u3001\u7ebf\u4e0a\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9<\/h2>\n<h3>5.1 \u63a5\u53e3\u6162&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e SQL \u6162<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u521a\u505a\u540e\u7aef\u65f6&#xff0c;\u63a5\u53e3\u6162\u7b2c\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f SQL \u6ca1\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\u3002\u540e\u6765\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e8b\u6545\u770b\u591a\u4e86&#xff0c;\u624d\u53d1\u73b0\u5f88\u591a\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6162 SQL\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Controller \u63a5\u6536\u5927\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53&#xff0c;JSON \u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5f88\u6162\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u903b\u8f91\u5199\u4e86\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Service \u91cc\u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u5e93&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210 N&#043;1 \u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5916\u90e8 HTTP \u63a5\u53e3\u65e0\u8d85\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u88ab\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5360\u4f4f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u961f\u5217\u5806\u79ef&#xff0c;\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u6392\u961f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d&#xff0c;\u8bf7\u6c42\u5728\u7b49\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Tomcat \u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927&#xff0c;\u5f02\u6b65\u65e5\u5fd7\u961f\u5217\u6253\u6ee1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fc7\u5927&#xff0c;JSON \u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u8017\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>GC\u3001CPU \u6296\u52a8\u3001\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u6296\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6392\u67e5\u6162\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6309\u94fe\u8def\u62c6\u89e3&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u51ed\u7ecf\u9a8c\u62cd\u8111\u888b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>5.2 Spring Boot 4.x \u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u7ed8\u5236\u5982\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/20260802010055-6a6e96c7b5f20.png\" \/> <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7ebf\u4e0a\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162&#xff0c;\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u56fe\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u8017\u65f6\u5f02\u5e38\u3002 \u6211\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u4e60\u60ef\u662f\u5148\u770b\u5165\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6&#xff0c;\u518d\u770b Service \u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6&#xff0c;\u518d\u770b SQL \u8017\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u7ed3\u5408\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3001JVM \u6307\u6807\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8d44\u6e90\u8017\u5c3d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u5728 Controller \u91cc\u6253\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6f0f\u6389\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6162\u70b9\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u59a5\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Filter \u8d1f\u8d23\u751f\u6210 traceId\u3002<\/li>\n<li>HandlerInterceptor \u8bb0\u5f55\u63a5\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>AOP \u8bb0\u5f55 Service \u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>DataSource \u5305\u88c5\u5668\u8bb0\u5f55 SQL \u8017\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Actuator \u66b4\u9732\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001JVM\u3001HTTP\u3001\u6307\u6807\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u63a5\u5165 OpenTelemetry \u505a\u8de8\u670d\u52a1\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.3 \u6162 SQL \u600e\u4e48\u5224\u65ad<\/h3>\n<p>\u6162 SQL \u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u201d\u3002\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>SQL \u6267\u884c\u8017\u65f6\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u8d70\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u884c\u6570\u662f\u5426\u8fc7\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u3001\u6a21\u7cca\u67e5\u8be2\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 N&#043;1 \u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e8b\u52a1\u8fc7\u957f\u5bfc\u81f4\u9501\u7b49\u5f85\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u5bfc\u81f4\u201c\u62ff\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u6162&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f SQL \u672c\u8eab\u6162\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u5faa\u73af\u8c03\u7528 Repository\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u6162&#xff0c;SQL \u65e5\u5fd7\u663e\u793a\u67d0\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u53ea\u6267\u884c 20ms&#xff0c;\u4f46\u63a5\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6 3 \u79d2&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u6b7b\u76ef SQL\u3002\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6 800ms&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d SQL \u4e00\u6761\u5c31 700ms&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u5411\u5c31\u5f88\u660e\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>5.4 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u8ba9\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u7684\u53ef\u6015\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e&#xff0c;\u5b83\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba9\u63a5\u53e3\u7acb\u523b\u62a5\u9519&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u63a5\u53e3\u6162\u6162\u6392\u961f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u914d\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff1a;2<\/li>\n<li>\u6700\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff1a;2<\/li>\n<li>\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf&#xff1a;1000<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cf\u7a81\u7136\u4e0a\u6765&#xff0c;\u524d 2 \u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u540e\u9762 1000 \u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u6392\u961f\u3002\u7528\u6237\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6162&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u8d85\u65f6\u3002 \u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6307\u6807&#xff0c;\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u8bef\u5224\u6210\u201c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6162\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u6162\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Spring Boot Actuator \u7684 metrics \u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u5bdf\u5e94\u7528\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u4e5f\u8bf4\u660e&#xff0c;Spring Boot \u4f1a\u5bf9\u53ef\u7528\u7684 ThreadPoolTaskExecutor\u3001ThreadPoolTaskScheduler \u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u6807\u5316&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8981\u5e95\u5c42 ThreadPoolExecutor \u53ef\u7528&#xff0c;\u6307\u6807\u4f1a\u5e26\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u5668\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u672c\u6587\u6848\u4f8b\u4e09\u8981\u4e13\u95e8\u505a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u6a21\u62df\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u516d\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/h2>\n<h3>6.1 \u6280\u672f\u6808\u9009\u62e9<\/h3>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u9879\u76ee\u91c7\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>JDK&#xff1a;Java 21<br \/>\nSpring Boot&#xff1a;4.0.6<br \/>\nSpring Framework&#xff1a;7.x<br \/>\n\u6784\u5efa\u5de5\u5177&#xff1a;Maven 3.6.3&#043;<br \/>\nWeb&#xff1a;Spring Web MVC<br \/>\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff1a;H2&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u672c\u5730\u8fd0\u884c<br \/>\nORM&#xff1a;Spring Data JPA<br \/>\n\u6821\u9a8c&#xff1a;Jakarta Validation<br \/>\nJSON&#xff1a;Jackson 3<br \/>\n\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027&#xff1a;Actuator\u3001Micrometer<br \/>\n\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff1a;RestTestClient\u3001JUnit Jupiter<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528 H2 \u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u4e0d\u7528\u5148\u5b89\u88c5 MySQL\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a MySQL 8.x&#xff0c;\u518d\u914d\u5408 MySQL slow query log \u548c EXPLAIN ANALYZE \u6392\u67e5\u6162 SQL\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>6.2 \u9879\u76ee\u5206\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u7ed8\u5236\u5982\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/20260802010056-6a6e96c8c2f63.png\" \/> <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u5de5\u7a0b\u5206\u5c42\u3002 Controller \u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u76f4\u63a5\u5199 SQL&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u585e\u6ee1\u4e1a\u52a1\u5224\u65ad&#xff1b;Repository \u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u524d\u7aef&#xff1b;Entity \u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u9732\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002 \u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4f4d\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6a2a\u5207\u80fd\u529b&#xff1a;Filter\u3001Interceptor\u3001AOP\u3001DataSource \u5305\u88c5\u5668\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5de5\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6c61\u67d3\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e03\u3001\u6848\u4f8b\u4e00&#xff1a;\u6700\u5c0f\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u793a\u4f8b\u2014\u2014\u5148\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6162\u63a5\u53e3<\/h2>\n<p>\u6848\u4f8b\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u5f88\u7b80\u5355&#xff1a;\u5148\u628a Spring Boot 4.x Web MVC \u9879\u76ee\u8dd1\u8d77\u6765&#xff0c;\u5e76\u52a0\u5165\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>7.1 Maven \u4f9d\u8d56<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&lt;!&#8211; pom.xml &#8211;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>project<\/span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">xmlns<\/span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&#034;<\/span>http:\/\/maven.apache.org\/POM\/4.0.0<span class=\"token punctuation\">&#034;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n         <span class=\"token attr-name\"><span class=\"token namespace\">xmlns:<\/span>xsi<\/span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&#034;<\/span>http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance<span class=\"token punctuation\">&#034;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n         <span class=\"token attr-name\"><span class=\"token namespace\">xsi:<\/span>schemaLocation<\/span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&#034;<\/span>http:\/\/maven.apache.org\/POM\/4.0.0 https:\/\/maven.apache.org\/xsd\/maven-4.0.0.xsd<span class=\"token punctuation\">&#034;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>modelVersion<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>4.0.0<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>modelVersion<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>parent<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>org.springframework.boot<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-starter-parent<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>version<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>4.0.6<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>version<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>relativePath<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\/&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>parent<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>com.example<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>slow-api-lab<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>version<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>version<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>name<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>slow-api-lab<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>name<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>description<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>Spring Boot 4.x slow API diagnostics demo<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>description<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>properties<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>java.version<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>21<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>java.version<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>properties<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>dependencies<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token comment\">&lt;!&#8211; Spring Boot 4.x \u63a8\u8350\u7684 Spring Web MVC Starter &#8211;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>org.springframework.boot<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-starter-webmvc<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">&lt;!&#8211; Jakarta Validation \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c &#8211;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>org.springframework.boot<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-starter-validation<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">&lt;!&#8211; AOP&#xff1a;\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1 Service \u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6 &#8211;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>org.springframework.boot<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-starter-aspectj<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">&lt;!&#8211; Spring Data JPA&#xff0c;\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u6848\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528\u5b98\u65b9\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee Starter &#8211;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>org.springframework.boot<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">&lt;!&#8211; H2 \u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u8bfb\u8005\u672c\u5730\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c &#8211;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>com.h2database<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>h2<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>scope<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>runtime<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>scope<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">&lt;!&#8211; Actuator&#xff1a;\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u6307\u6807\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8f6c\u50a8\u7b49\u7ebf\u4e0a\u8bca\u65ad\u5165\u53e3 &#8211;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>org.springframework.boot<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-starter-actuator<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">&lt;!&#8211; Spring MVC \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5 Starter &#8211;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>org.springframework.boot<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-starter-webmvc-test<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>scope<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>test<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>scope<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">&lt;!&#8211; JPA \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5 Starter &#8211;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>org.springframework.boot<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa-test<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>scope<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>test<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>scope<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>dependency<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>dependencies<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>build<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>plugins<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token comment\">&lt;!&#8211; \u7531 Spring Boot Parent \u7ba1\u7406\u63d2\u4ef6\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u4e71\u914d &#8211;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>plugin<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>org.springframework.boot<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>groupId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span>spring-boot-maven-plugin<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>artifactId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>plugin<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>plugins<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>build<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;\/<\/span>project<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4efd pom.xml \u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00&#xff0c;Web MVC \u4f7f\u7528 spring-boot-starter-webmvc&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u628a\u65e7\u6559\u7a0b\u91cc\u7684 spring-boot-starter-web \u7ee7\u7eed\u5f53\u4e3b\u63a8\u8350\u3002\u5b98\u65b9 Starter \u5217\u8868\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u786e\u7ed9\u51fa webmvc \u548c webmvc-test&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f Spring Boot 4.x \u6a21\u5757\u5316 Starter \u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c&#xff0c;\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ca1\u6709\u53ea\u653e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cdb\u6cdb\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5 Starter&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8865\u4e86 spring-boot-starter-webmvc-test \u548c spring-boot-starter-data-jpa-test\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f9d\u8d56\u66f4\u8d34\u8fd1\u6280\u672f\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u540e\u7eed\u505a Web MVC \u63a5\u53e3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c JPA \u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u7f3a\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u624b\u52a8\u6307\u5b9a Spring Framework\u3001Hibernate\u3001Jackson\u3001JUnit \u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002Spring Boot Parent \u4f1a\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7248\u672c\u3002\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u72af\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5c31\u662f\u89c9\u5f97\u201c\u7248\u672c\u8d8a\u65b0\u8d8a\u597d\u201d&#xff0c;\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\u4e00\u5806\u7248\u672c\u53f7&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u9020\u6210\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>7.2 application.yml<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># src\/main\/resources\/application.yml<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">server<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">port<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">8080<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token key atrule\">spring<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">application<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">name<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> slow<span class=\"token punctuation\">&#8211;<\/span>api<span class=\"token punctuation\">&#8211;<\/span>lab<\/p>\n<p>  <span class=\"token key atrule\">datasource<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">url<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> jdbc<span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span>h2<span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span>mem<span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span>slow_api_lab;MODE&#061;MySQL;DATABASE_TO_LOWER&#061;TRUE<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">driver-class-name<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> org.h2.Driver<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">username<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> sa<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">password<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>  <span class=\"token key atrule\">h2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">console<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">enabled<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean important\">true<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">path<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> \/h2<span class=\"token punctuation\">&#8211;<\/span>console<\/p>\n<p>  <span class=\"token key atrule\">jpa<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">hibernate<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">ddl-auto<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> create<span class=\"token punctuation\">&#8211;<\/span>drop<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">defer-datasource-initialization<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean important\">true<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">open-in-view<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean important\">false<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">properties<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">hibernate<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">format_sql<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean important\">true<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token key atrule\">management<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">endpoints<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">web<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">exposure<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">include<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> health<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span>info<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span>metrics<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span>threaddump<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span>loggers<br \/>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">endpoint<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">health<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">show-details<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> always<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token key atrule\">logging<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">pattern<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">console<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level [%X{traceId}] %logger{36} &#8211; %msg%n&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">level<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">com.example.slowapi<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> info<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">org.hibernate.SQL<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> debug<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">org.hibernate.orm.jdbc.bind<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> trace<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token key atrule\">app<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">performance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">slow-request-ms<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">500<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">slow-method-ms<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">300<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">slow-sql-ms<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">200<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">executor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">diagnostic<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">core-size<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">max-size<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">queue-capacity<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u914d\u7f6e\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>open-in-view: false \u662f\u6211\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728 Controller \u8fd4\u56de\u9636\u6bb5\u8fd8\u61d2\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5173\u8054\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u53ef\u80fd\u89c9\u5f97\u5f00\u7740\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff0c;\u4f46\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u5b83\u4f1a\u8ba9 SQL \u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4f60\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u6392\u67e5\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u75db\u82e6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u91cc\u52a0\u5165 %X{traceId}&#xff0c;\u540e\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728 Filter \u91cc\u5199\u5165 traceId\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ece\u5165\u53e3\u5230 Service\u3001SQL\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u65e5\u5fd7\u90fd\u80fd\u4e32\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>app.performance.* \u662f\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6162\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u6162\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6162 SQL \u9608\u503c\u3002\u7ebf\u4e0a\u9879\u76ee\u91cc&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9608\u503c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u4f46\u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u5148\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u9608\u503c&#xff0c;\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u6392\u67e5\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>7.3 \u542f\u52a8\u7c7b<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/SlowApiLabApplication.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>boot<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">SpringApplication<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>boot<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>autoconfigure<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">SpringBootApplication<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;SpringBootApplication<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SlowApiLabApplication<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ Spring Boot 4.x \u5e94\u7528\u5165\u53e3&#xff0c;\u542f\u52a8\u5185\u5d4c Tomcat \u548c Spring \u5bb9\u5668<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">SpringApplication<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">run<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">SlowApiLabApplication<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>&#064;SpringBootApplication \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5408\u6ce8\u89e3&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u7ec4\u4ef6\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u5728 Spring Boot 4.x \u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4f60\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u5165\u53e3\u5199\u6cd5\u3002\u53d8\u5316\u4e0d\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5e95\u5c42\u6846\u67b6\u7248\u672c\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>7.4 \u7edf\u4e00\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/common\/ApiResponse.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>common<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>time<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slf4j<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">MDC<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * \u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<br \/>\n * code \u4e3a 0 \u8868\u793a\u6210\u529f&#xff0c;\u975e 0 \u8868\u793a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">record<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">T<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> code<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> message<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">T<\/span> data<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span> timestamp<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> traceId<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">T<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">T<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">ok<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">T<\/span> data<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;success&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> data<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">now<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">currentTraceId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">T<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">T<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">fail<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> code<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>code<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> message<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">null<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">now<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">currentTraceId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">currentTraceId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> traceId <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token constant\">MDC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">get<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;traceId&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> traceId <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">null<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">?<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> traceId<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u628a\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u8fd4\u56de\u7edf\u4e00\u6210\u56fa\u5b9a\u7ed3\u6784\u3002 \u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u524d\u7aef\u6700\u6015\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u8fd4\u56de\u683c\u5f0f\u90fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837&#xff1a;\u6709\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u6709\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4&#xff0c;\u6709\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u6709\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u629b HTML \u9519\u8bef\u9875\u3002\u7edf\u4e00\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u8054\u8c03\u6210\u672c&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u65b9\u4fbf\u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528 Java record&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u3002Spring Boot 4.x \u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fdb\u5165 Jackson 3 \u4f53\u7cfb\u540e&#xff0c;\u666e\u901a record \u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e3a JSON\u3002\u4f60\u540e\u7eed\u5982\u679c\u8981\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 Instant \u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u7a7a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7b56\u7565&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e Jackson 3 \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u8001\u9879\u76ee Jackson 2 \u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>7.5 traceId Filter<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/infra\/TraceIdFilter.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>infra<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>io<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">IOException<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">UUID<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">FilterChain<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ServletException<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>http<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpServletRequest<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>http<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpServletResponse<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slf4j<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">MDC<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>stereotype<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Component<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>filter<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">OncePerRequestFilter<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a traceId\u3002<br \/>\n * \u7ebf\u4e0a\u6392\u67e5\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u65f6&#xff0c;traceId \u662f\u4e32\u8054\u8bf7\u6c42\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001SQL \u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Component<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">TraceIdFilter<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">extends<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">OncePerRequestFilter<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token constant\">TRACE_ID<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;traceId&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">protected<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">doFilterInternal<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">HttpServletRequest<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">HttpServletResponse<\/span> response<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">FilterChain<\/span> filterChain<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">throws<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ServletException<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">IOException<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> traceId <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getHeader<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;X-Trace-Id&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>traceId <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">null<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> traceId<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">isBlank<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            traceId <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token constant\">UUID<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">randomUUID<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">toString<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">replace<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;-&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">try<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token constant\">MDC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">put<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">TRACE_ID<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> traceId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            response<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">setHeader<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;X-Trace-Id&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> traceId<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            filterChain<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">doFilter<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>request<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> response<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">finally<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token constant\">MDC<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">remove<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">TRACE_ID<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f jakarta.servlet.*&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f javax.servlet.*\u3002\u8fd9\u662f Spring Boot 4.x \/ Spring Framework 7.x \u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\u5fc5\u987b\u517b\u6210\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>OncePerRequestFilter \u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ea\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u628a traceId \u653e\u8fdb MDC&#xff0c;\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u91cc\u901a\u8fc7 %X{traceId} \u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5f53\u7ebf\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e traceId \u67e5\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>7.6 \u6162\u8bf7\u6c42\u62e6\u622a\u5668<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/config\/PerformanceProperties.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>boot<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ConfigurationProperties<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * \u6162\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u6162\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6162 SQL \u9608\u503c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ConfigurationProperties<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>prefix <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;app.performance&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowRequestMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">500<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowMethodMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">300<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowSqlMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">200<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getSlowRequestMs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> slowRequestMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">setSlowRequestMs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowRequestMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowRequestMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> slowRequestMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getSlowMethodMs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> slowMethodMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">setSlowMethodMs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowMethodMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowMethodMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> slowMethodMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getSlowSqlMs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">setSlowSqlMs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowSqlMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/infra\/SlowRequestInterceptor.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>infra<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>http<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpServletRequest<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>http<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpServletResponse<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slf4j<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Logger<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slf4j<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">LoggerFactory<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HandlerInterceptor<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * \u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u4e2a HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u603b\u8017\u65f6\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SlowRequestInterceptor<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HandlerInterceptor<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Logger<\/span> log <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">LoggerFactory<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getLogger<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">SlowRequestInterceptor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token constant\">START_TIME<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;startTimeNanos&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SlowRequestInterceptor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>properties <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">boolean<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">preHandle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpServletRequest<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HttpServletResponse<\/span> response<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        request<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">setAttribute<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">START_TIME<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">nanoTime<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">afterCompletion<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">HttpServletRequest<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">HttpServletResponse<\/span> response<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> handler<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">Exception<\/span> ex<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> start <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getAttribute<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">START_TIME<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">!<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>start <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Long<\/span> startTime<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> costMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">nanoTime<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> startTime<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1_000_000<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> method <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getMethod<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> uri <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getRequestURI<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> status <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> response<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>costMs <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&#061;<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getSlowRequestMs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            log<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">warn<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6162\u63a5\u53e3 detected method&#061;{} uri&#061;{} status&#061;{} costMs&#061;{}&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> uri<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> status<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> costMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            log<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">info<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u63a5\u53e3\u5b8c\u6210 method&#061;{} uri&#061;{} status&#061;{} costMs&#061;{}&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> uri<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> status<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> costMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/config\/WebMvcConfig.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>infra<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">SlowRequestInterceptor<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>boot<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">EnableConfigurationProperties<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Configuration<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">InterceptorRegistry<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">WebMvcConfigurer<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Configuration<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;EnableConfigurationProperties<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebMvcConfig<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebMvcConfigurer<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span> performanceProperties<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebMvcConfig<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span> performanceProperties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>performanceProperties <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> performanceProperties<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">addInterceptors<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">InterceptorRegistry<\/span> registry<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        registry<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">addInterceptor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SlowRequestInterceptor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>performanceProperties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">addPathPatterns<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\/api\/**&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>HandlerInterceptor \u9002\u5408\u7edf\u8ba1\u63a5\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6\u3002\u5b83\u6bd4\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a Controller \u65b9\u6cd5\u91cc\u624b\u5199\u8ba1\u65f6\u66f4\u7edf\u4e00&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6c61\u67d3\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u62e6\u622a \/api\/**&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d Actuator\u3001H2 Console \u7b49\u5185\u90e8\u8def\u5f84\u5f71\u54cd\u4e1a\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u63a5\u53e3\u8017\u65f6\u8d85\u8fc7 app.performance.slow-request-ms&#xff0c;\u65e5\u5fd7\u6253 warn&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u6253 info\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u53ea\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u201c\u63a5\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6\u6162\u201d&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u6162\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u3002\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u52a0\u5165 Service \u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6\u3001SQL \u8017\u65f6\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8bca\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>7.7 \u57fa\u7840 Controller<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/controller\/PingController.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>controller<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>common<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bind<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">GetMapping<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bind<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RequestParam<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bind<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RestController<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RestController<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PingController<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;GetMapping<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\/api\/v1\/ping&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">ping<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">ok<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;pong&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;GetMapping<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\/api\/v1\/ping\/slow&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">slow<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RequestParam<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>defaultValue <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;800&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> delayMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">throws<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">InterruptedException<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6a21\u62df\u63a5\u53e3\u5185\u90e8\u963b\u585e&#xff0c;\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6162 SQL\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u6162\u3001\u9501\u7b49\u5f85\u7b49<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">Thread<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>delayMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">ok<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;slow pong, delayMs&#061;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> delayMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\/api\/v1\/ping \u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u63a5\u53e3\u3002 \/api\/v1\/ping\/slow \u7528 Thread.sleep \u6a21\u62df\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u9f13\u52b1\u4f60\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc sleep&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u9a6c\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6162\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6392\u961f\u3001JSON \u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7b49\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>7.8 \u542f\u52a8\u4e0e\u8bbf\u95ee<\/h3>\n<p>\u542f\u52a8&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mvn spring-boot:run<\/p>\n<p>\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b63\u5e38\u63a5\u53e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/ping<\/p>\n<p>\u54cd\u5e94\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token string-property property\">&#034;code&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token string-property property\">&#034;message&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;success&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token string-property property\">&#034;data&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;pong&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token string-property property\">&#034;timestamp&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;2026-05-20T10:00:00Z&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token string-property property\">&#034;traceId&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;d0f5d890ff9a46ff9b5a7a0a64a73c51&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8bbf\u95ee\u6162\u63a5\u53e3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/ping\/slow?delayMs&#061;900&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>WARN  [d0f5d890ff9a46ff9b5a7a0a64a73c51] SlowRequestInterceptor &#8211; \u6162\u63a5\u53e3 detected method&#061;GET uri&#061;\/api\/v1\/ping\/slow status&#061;200 costMs&#061;907<\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc&#xff0c;\u6848\u4f8b\u4e00\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a Spring Boot 4.x Web MVC \u9879\u76ee&#xff0c;\u5e76\u80fd\u8bb0\u5f55\u63a5\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u516b\u3001\u6848\u4f8b\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u9762\u5411\u771f\u5b9e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6539\u9020\u2014\u2014\u6162 SQL \u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h2>\n<p>\u6848\u4f8b\u4e8c\u6211\u4eec\u52a0\u5165\u771f\u5b9e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u5e03\u4e0e\u6587\u7ae0\u641c\u7d22\u3002 \u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0d\u590d\u6742&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8db3\u591f\u5c55\u793a DTO\u3001VO\u3001Entity\u3001Repository\u3001Service\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u6162 SQL \u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8.1 Entity&#xff1a;\u6587\u7ae0\u5b9e\u4f53<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/entity\/Article.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>entity<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>time<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>persistence<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Column<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>persistence<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Entity<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>persistence<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">GeneratedValue<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>persistence<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">GenerationType<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>persistence<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Id<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>persistence<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PrePersist<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>persistence<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PreUpdate<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>persistence<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Table<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * Article \u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u6620\u5c04\u3002<br \/>\n * \u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u76f4\u63a5\u628a Entity \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u524d\u7aef\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Entity<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Table<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>name <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;articles&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Id<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;GeneratedValue<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>strategy <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">GenerationType<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">IDENTITY<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Long<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Column<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>nullable <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> length <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">120<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Column<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>nullable <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> length <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">4000<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Column<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>nullable <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> length <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> status<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Column<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>nullable <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span> createdAt<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Column<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>nullable <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span> updatedAt<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">protected<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ JPA \u9700\u8981\u65e0\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u5668<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> status<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>title <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>content <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>status <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> status<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;PrePersist<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">prePersist<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span> now <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">now<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>createdAt <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> now<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>updatedAt <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> now<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;PreUpdate<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">preUpdate<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>updatedAt <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">now<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Long<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getTitle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getContent<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> status<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getCreatedAt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> createdAt<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getUpdatedAt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> updatedAt<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528 jakarta.persistence.*&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f Spring Boot 4.x \u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u5199\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Entity \u7684\u804c\u8d23\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6620\u5c04&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u63a5\u53e3\u8fd4\u56de\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u76f4\u63a5 return articleRepository.findAll()&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u77ed\u671f\u7701\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u957f\u671f\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b57\u6bb5\u53d8\u5316\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u524d\u7aef\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u61d2\u52a0\u8f7d\u5173\u8054\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u9636\u6bb5\u89e6\u53d1 SQL\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u654f\u611f\u5b57\u6bb5\u5bb9\u6613\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>JSON \u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63a5\u53e3\u7248\u672c\u6f14\u8fdb\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u7528 VO \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u524d\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8.2 DTO \u4e0e VO<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/dto\/CreateArticleRequest.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>dto<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>constraints<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">NotBlank<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>constraints<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Size<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * DTO \u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">record<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;NotBlank<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>message <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6807\u9898\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Size<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>max <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">120<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> message <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6807\u9898\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7 120 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;NotBlank<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>message <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Size<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>max <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">4000<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> message <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7 4000 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> content<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/vo\/ArticleView.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>vo<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>time<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * VO \u8d1f\u8d23\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u524d\u7aef\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">record<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">Long<\/span> id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> summary<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> status<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">Instant<\/span> createdAt<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>DTO \u548c VO \u7684\u5206\u79bb&#xff0c;\u662f\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u5efa\u8bae\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u5c31\u517b\u6210\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>DTO \u9762\u5411\u8f93\u5165&#xff0c;\u5173\u6ce8\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u3002 VO \u9762\u5411\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u5173\u6ce8\u63a5\u53e3\u5951\u7ea6\u3002 Entity \u9762\u5411\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u5173\u6ce8\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u4e0d\u8981\u6df7\u7528\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u9879\u76ee\u8d8a\u5927&#xff0c;\u5206\u6e05\u695a\u8fb9\u754c\u8d8a\u7701\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6821\u9a8c\u6ce8\u89e3\u6765\u81ea jakarta.validation.constraints.*\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5199\u6210 javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank&#xff0c;\u5728 Spring Boot 4.x \u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8.3 Repository<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/repository\/ArticleRepository.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>repository<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>entity<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>data<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>jpa<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>repository<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">JpaRepository<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">interface<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleRepository<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">extends<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">JpaRepository<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Long<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n     * \u6839\u636e\u6807\u9898\u6a21\u7cca\u641c\u7d22\u3002<br \/>\n     * \u771f\u5b9e MySQL \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u7c7b like &#039;%keyword%&#039; \u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6210\u4e3a\u6162 SQL\u3002<br \/>\n     *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">findByTitleContainingIgnoreCaseOrderByCreatedAtDesc<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> keyword<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528 Spring Data JPA \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u67e5\u8be2\u3002 ContainingIgnoreCase \u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u7cca\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5c11\u65f6\u6ca1\u611f\u89c9&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u65f6&#xff0c;like &#039;%keyword%&#039; \u901a\u5e38\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a BTree \u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u662f\u6162 SQL \u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b63\u597d\u9002\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u6162 SQL&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709 Repository \u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4f18\u96c5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u80cc\u540e\u751f\u6210\u7684 SQL \u662f\u5426\u9ad8\u6548&#xff0c;\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u4f60\u901a\u8fc7\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8.4 \u4e1a\u52a1\u5f02\u5e38\u4e0e\u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/exception\/BusinessException.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>exception<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * \u4e1a\u52a1\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u5408\u6cd5\u4f46\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BusinessException<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">extends<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RuntimeException<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> code<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BusinessException<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> code<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">super<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>code <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> code<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">code<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> code<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/exception\/GlobalExceptionHandler.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>exception<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>stream<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Collectors<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>common<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ConstraintViolationException<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slf4j<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Logger<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slf4j<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">LoggerFactory<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>http<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpStatus<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bind<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">MethodArgumentNotValidException<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bind<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ExceptionHandler<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bind<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ResponseStatus<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bind<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RestControllerAdvice<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>concurrent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RejectedExecutionException<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * \u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5f02\u5e38\u54cd\u5e94\u683c\u5f0f\u7edf\u4e00\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RestControllerAdvice<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">GlobalExceptionHandler<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Logger<\/span> log <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">LoggerFactory<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getLogger<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">GlobalExceptionHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ExceptionHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">BusinessException<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ResponseStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">BAD_REQUEST<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handleBusinessException<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">BusinessException<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">fail<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">code<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getMessage<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ExceptionHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">MethodArgumentNotValidException<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ResponseStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">BAD_REQUEST<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handleMethodArgumentNotValid<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">MethodArgumentNotValidException<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> message <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getBindingResult<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getFieldErrors<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">stream<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">map<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>error <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> error<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getField<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;: &#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> error<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getDefaultMessage<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">collect<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Collectors<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">joining<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;; &#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">fail<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">400<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> message<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ExceptionHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ConstraintViolationException<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ResponseStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">BAD_REQUEST<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handleConstraintViolation<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ConstraintViolationException<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">fail<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">400<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getMessage<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ExceptionHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RejectedExecutionException<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ResponseStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">TOO_MANY_REQUESTS<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handleRejectedExecution<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RejectedExecutionException<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">fail<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">429<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u7cfb\u7edf\u7e41\u5fd9&#xff0c;\u8bf7\u7a0d\u540e\u91cd\u8bd5&#xff1a;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getMessage<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ExceptionHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Exception<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ResponseStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">HttpStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">handleException<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Exception<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        log<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">error<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u672a\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">fail<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">500<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u7ba1\u7406\u5458&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u524d\u7aef\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u683c\u5f0f\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5f02\u5e38\u65e5\u5fd7\u5e26 traceId&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u6392\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;Spring \u9ed8\u8ba4\u9519\u8bef\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u524d\u7aef\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u53cb\u597d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5b57\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\u62fc\u6210\u6e05\u6670\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e5f\u63d0\u524d\u5904\u7406\u4e86 RejectedExecutionException\u3002\u5728\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u7528\u6237\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85\u5230\u8d85\u65f6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5c3d\u5feb\u8fd4\u56de 429&#xff0c;\u544a\u8bc9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf\u7e41\u5fd9\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8.5 Service \u5c42<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/service\/ArticleService.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>service<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>dto<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>vo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">interface<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleService<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">create<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">search<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> keyword<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/service\/impl\/ArticleServiceImpl.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>service<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>impl<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>dto<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>entity<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>exception<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">BusinessException<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>repository<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleRepository<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>service<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleService<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>vo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>stereotype<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Service<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>transaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Transactional<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Service<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleServiceImpl<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleService<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleRepository<\/span> articleRepository<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleServiceImpl<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleRepository<\/span> articleRepository<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>articleRepository <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> articleRepository<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Transactional<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">create<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>request<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">title<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">contains<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u8fdd\u6cd5&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">throw<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BusinessException<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1001<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6587\u7ae0\u6807\u9898\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u8bcd&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span> article <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>request<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">title<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">content<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;PUBLISHED&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span> saved <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> articleRepository<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">save<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>article<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">toView<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>saved<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Transactional<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>readOnly <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">search<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> keyword<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> safeKeyword <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> keyword <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">null<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">?<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> keyword<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">trim<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u7a7a\u5173\u952e\u5b57&#xff0c;\u4f46\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u5e94\u9650\u5236\u5206\u9875\u548c\u6700\u5927\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u91cf<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> articleRepository<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">findByTitleContainingIgnoreCaseOrderByCreatedAtDesc<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>safeKeyword<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">stream<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">map<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">::<\/span><span class=\"token function\">toView<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">toList<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">toView<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Article<\/span> article<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> content <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> article<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getContent<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> summary <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">length<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">60<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">?<\/span> content <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">substring<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">60<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#8230;&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n                article<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getId<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                article<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getTitle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                summary<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                article<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                article<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getCreatedAt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>Service \u5c42\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u6807\u9898\u91cc\u4e0d\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bcd\u3002 Repository \u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u77e5\u9053\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\u3002 Controller \u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#064;Transactional(readOnly &#061; true) \u5bf9\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5b83\u660e\u786e\u544a\u8bc9\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8fd9\u662f\u53ea\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8fd8\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8b\u52a1\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0d\u8981\u8fc7\u5927&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e8b\u52a1\u8fc7\u957f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9501\u7b49\u5f85\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u5360\u7528&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u8868\u73b0\u6210\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8.6 Controller<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/controller\/ArticleController.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>controller<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>common<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>dto<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>service<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleService<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>vo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Valid<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>constraints<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Size<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Validated<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bind<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RestController<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RequestMapping<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\/api\/v1\/articles&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Validated<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleController<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleService<\/span> articleService<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleController<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleService<\/span> articleService<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>articleService <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> articleService<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;PostMapping<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">create<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Valid<\/span> <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RequestBody<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span> request<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">ok<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>articleService<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">create<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>request<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;GetMapping<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\/search&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleView<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">search<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RequestParam<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>defaultValue <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Size<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>max <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">50<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> message <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7 50 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> keyword<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">ok<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>articleService<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">search<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>keyword<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>&#064;Valid &#064;RequestBody \u89e6\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u6821\u9a8c\u3002 &#064;Validated \u8ba9 &#064;RequestParam \u4e0a\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u4e5f\u80fd\u751f\u6548\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u53ea\u7ed9 DTO \u52a0\u4e86\u6821\u9a8c\u6ce8\u89e3&#xff0c;\u5374\u5fd8\u4e86 Controller \u65b9\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecd\u7136\u4f7f\u7528 \/api\/v1\/articles&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u5efa\u7acb API \u7248\u672c\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u540e\u9762\u6269\u5c55\u7ae0\u8282\u4f1a\u8bb2 Spring Framework 7 \u7684 API Versioning \u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8.7 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; src\/main\/resources\/data.sql<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">insert<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">into<\/span> articles <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>id<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> content<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">status<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> created_at<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> updated_at<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">values<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;Spring Boot 4.x \u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5165\u95e8&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u672c\u6587\u8bb2\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u6162 SQL \u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u95ee\u9898\u3002&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;PUBLISHED&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">CURRENT_TIMESTAMP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">CURRENT_TIMESTAMP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;JPA \u67e5\u8be2\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u53d8\u6162&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u6a21\u7cca\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\u9875\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u7f3a\u5931\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u67e5\u8be2\u53d8\u6162\u3002&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;PUBLISHED&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">CURRENT_TIMESTAMP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">CURRENT_TIMESTAMP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u6392\u67e5\u5b9e\u6218&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u961f\u5217\u5806\u79ef\u4f1a\u8ba9\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d8\u6162&#xff0c;\u4e25\u91cd\u65f6\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u63a5\u53e3\u8d85\u65f6\u3002&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;PUBLISHED&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">CURRENT_TIMESTAMP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">CURRENT_TIMESTAMP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a spring.jpa.defer-datasource-initialization&#061;true&#xff0c;JPA \u5efa\u8868\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u6267\u884c data.sql\u3002 \u672c\u6587\u4e3a\u4e86\u672c\u5730\u6f14\u793a\u65b9\u4fbf\u4f7f\u7528 H2\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u9879\u76ee\u4e0d\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56 ddl-auto&#061;create-drop \u81ea\u52a8\u5efa\u8868&#xff0c;\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528 Flyway\u3001Liquibase \u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53d1\u5e03\u811a\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8.8 \u8bf7\u6c42\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u7ae0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-X<\/span> POST http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/articles <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-H<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Content-Type: application\/json&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-d<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;{&#034;title&#034;:&#034;\u7ebf\u4e0a\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d&#034;,&#034;content&#034;:&#034;\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u6392\u67e5\u8981\u5148\u770b\u603b\u8017\u65f6&#xff0c;\u518d\u770b\u6162 SQL \u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002&#034;}&#039;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u7ae0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/articles\/search?keyword&#061;Spring&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u5931\u8d25&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-X<\/span> POST http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/articles <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-H<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Content-Type: application\/json&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-d<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;{&#034;title&#034;:&#034;&#034;,&#034;content&#034;:&#034;&#034;}&#039;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u54cd\u5e94\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token string-property property\">&#034;code&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">400<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token string-property property\">&#034;message&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;title: \u6807\u9898\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a; content: \u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token string-property property\">&#034;data&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">null<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token string-property property\">&#034;timestamp&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;2026-05-20T10:00:00Z&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token string-property property\">&#034;traceId&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;96e028bba80d4a6c97429e9eb4e56f19&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>8.9 \u6162 Service \u65b9\u6cd5 AOP<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/infra\/SlowMethodLogAspect.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>infra<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>aspectj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProceedingJoinPoint<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>aspectj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Around<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>aspectj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Aspect<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>aspectj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>reflect<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">MethodSignature<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slf4j<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Logger<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slf4j<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">LoggerFactory<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>stereotype<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Component<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * \u7edf\u8ba1 Service \u5c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6\u3002<br \/>\n * \u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u4e3b\u8981\u6162\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u5c42\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Aspect<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Component<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SlowMethodLogAspect<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Logger<\/span> log <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">LoggerFactory<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getLogger<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">SlowMethodLogAspect<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SlowMethodLogAspect<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>properties <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Around<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;execution(* com.example.slowapi.service..*(..))&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">logSlowMethod<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ProceedingJoinPoint<\/span> joinPoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">throws<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Throwable<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> start <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">nanoTime<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">try<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> joinPoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">proceed<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">finally<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> costMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">nanoTime<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> start<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1_000_000<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">MethodSignature<\/span> signature <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">MethodSignature<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> joinPoint<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getSignature<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> methodName <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getDeclaringType<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getSimpleName<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;.&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> signature<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getName<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>            <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>costMs <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&#061;<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getSlowMethodMs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                log<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">warn<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6162\u65b9\u6cd5 detected method&#061;{} costMs&#061;{}&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> methodName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> costMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                log<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">info<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210 method&#061;{} costMs&#061;{}&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> methodName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> costMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u63a5\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6\u53ea\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u201c\u6162\u4e86\u201d\u3002 AOP \u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u201c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f Service \u6162\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6 900ms&#xff0c;Service \u53ea\u7528\u4e86 20ms&#xff0c;\u90a3\u6162\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u5728 Filter\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u5bb9\u5668\u5c42\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u63a5\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6 900ms&#xff0c;Service \u7528\u4e86 880ms&#xff0c;\u90a3\u5c31\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f80 Repository\u3001SQL\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u65b9\u5411\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>spring-boot-starter-aspectj \u662f Spring Boot 4.x \u5b98\u65b9 Starter \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684 Starter\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u52a8\u62fc spring-aop\u3001aspectjweaver \u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e5d\u3001\u6848\u4f8b\u4e09&#xff1a;\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u589e\u5f3a\u5b9e\u8df5\u2014\u2014\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u3001Actuator \u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u6848\u4f8b\u4e09\u8fdb\u5165\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6392\u67e5\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3&#xff1a;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>9.1 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u914d\u7f6e\u5c5e\u6027<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/config\/DiagnosticExecutorProperties.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>boot<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ConfigurationProperties<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;ConfigurationProperties<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>prefix <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;app.executor.diagnostic&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticExecutorProperties<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> coreSize <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> maxSize <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> queueCapacity <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getCoreSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> coreSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">setCoreSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> coreSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>coreSize <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> coreSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getMaxSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> maxSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">setMaxSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> maxSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>maxSize <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> maxSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">getQueueCapacity<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> queueCapacity<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">setQueueCapacity<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> queueCapacity<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>queueCapacity <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> queueCapacity<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>9.2 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60 Bean<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/config\/DiagnosticExecutorConfig.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>concurrent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolExecutor<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>boot<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">EnableConfigurationProperties<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Bean<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Configuration<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>scheduling<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>concurrent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolTaskExecutor<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Configuration<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;EnableConfigurationProperties<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticExecutorProperties<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticExecutorConfig<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Bean<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;diagnosticExecutor&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolTaskExecutor<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">diagnosticExecutor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticExecutorProperties<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolTaskExecutor<\/span> executor <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolTaskExecutor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570&#xff1a;\u957f\u671f\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf<\/span><br \/>\n        executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">setCorePoolSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getCoreSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6700\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570&#xff1a;\u961f\u5217\u6ee1\u540e\u6700\u591a\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u591a\u5c11\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/span><br \/>\n        executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">setMaxPoolSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getMaxSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf&#xff1a;\u4efb\u52a1\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u5148\u8fdb\u5165\u961f\u5217<\/span><br \/>\n        executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">setQueueCapacity<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getQueueCapacity<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u7ebf\u7a0b\u540d\u524d\u7f00&#xff1a;\u7ebf\u4e0a\u770b thread dump \u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528<\/span><br \/>\n        executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">setThreadNamePrefix<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;diagnostic-&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u961f\u5217\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u6ee1\u65f6&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u62d2\u7edd&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u63a5\u53e3\u5feb\u901f\u5931\u8d25<\/span><br \/>\n        executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">setRejectedExecutionHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolExecutor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>AbortPolicy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">initialize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u6f14\u793a&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u628a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u914d\u5f97\u5f88\u5c0f&#xff1a;2 \u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u30012 \u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u7167\u642c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u5b57&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u601d\u60f3&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u80fd\u65e0\u9650\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565\u8981\u7b26\u5408\u4e1a\u52a1\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6307\u6807\u5fc5\u987b\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u6392\u67e5\u65f6\u8981\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6211\u5f88\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u5230\u5904 Executors.newFixedThreadPool()\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab Spring \u7ba1\u7406&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab Actuator\/Micrometer \u89c2\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>9.3 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u5feb\u7167 VO<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/vo\/ThreadPoolSnapshot.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>vo<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">record<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolSnapshot<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> corePoolSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> maxPoolSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> activeCount<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> poolSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> queueSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> remainingQueueCapacity<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> completedTaskCount<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>9.4 DiagnosticService<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/service\/DiagnosticService.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>service<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ArrayList<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>concurrent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">CompletableFuture<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>concurrent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RejectedExecutionException<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>vo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolSnapshot<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>beans<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>factory<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Qualifier<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>scheduling<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>concurrent<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolTaskExecutor<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>stereotype<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Service<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Service<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticService<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolTaskExecutor<\/span> diagnosticExecutor<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticService<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Qualifier<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;diagnosticExecutor&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolTaskExecutor<\/span> diagnosticExecutor<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>diagnosticExecutor <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> diagnosticExecutor<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolSnapshot<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">snapshot<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">var<\/span> executor <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> diagnosticExecutor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getThreadPoolExecutor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolSnapshot<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n                executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getCorePoolSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getMaximumPoolSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getActiveCount<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getPoolSize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getQueue<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">size<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getQueue<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">remainingCapacity<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                executor<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getCompletedTaskCount<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">createPressure<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> tasks<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> sleepMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">List<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">CompletableFuture<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> acceptedFutures <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArrayList<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> rejected <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> tasks<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> i<span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">try<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token class-name\">CompletableFuture<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Void<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> future <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CompletableFuture<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">runAsync<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                    <span class=\"token keyword\">try<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6a21\u62df\u963b\u585e\u4efb\u52a1&#xff1a;\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u62a5\u8868\u751f\u6210\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406<\/span><br \/>\n                        <span class=\"token class-name\">Thread<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">sleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>sleepMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n                    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">catch<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">InterruptedException<\/span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                        <span class=\"token class-name\">Thread<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">currentThread<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">interrupt<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n                    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> diagnosticExecutor<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n                acceptedFutures<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">add<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>future<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">catch<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RejectedExecutionException<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                rejected<span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;accepted&#061;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> acceptedFutures<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">size<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;, rejected&#061;&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> rejected<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u901a\u8fc7 CompletableFuture.runAsync \u5411\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u63d0\u4ea4\u4efb\u52a1\u3002 \u5f53\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u548c\u961f\u5217\u90fd\u6ee1\u4e86&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa RejectedExecutionException\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u91cc&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5904\u7406\u62d2\u7edd\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u770b\u5230 500&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u8fc7\u5927&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u59a5\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u5feb\u901f\u5931\u8d25\u3001\u9650\u6d41\u3001\u964d\u7ea7\u6216\u8fd4\u56de 429\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>9.5 DiagnosticController<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/controller\/DiagnosticController.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>controller<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>common<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>service<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticService<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>vo<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolSnapshot<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>constraints<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Max<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">jakarta<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>constraints<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Min<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>validation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Validated<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bind<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RestController<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RequestMapping<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\/api\/v1\/diagnostics&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Validated<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticController<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticService<\/span> diagnosticService<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticController<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">DiagnosticService<\/span> diagnosticService<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>diagnosticService <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> diagnosticService<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;GetMapping<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\/executor&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ThreadPoolSnapshot<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">executor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">ok<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>diagnosticService<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">snapshot<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;PostMapping<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\/pressure&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token function\">pressure<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RequestParam<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>defaultValue <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;8&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Min<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>value <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> message <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u81f3\u5c11\u4e3a 1&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Max<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>value <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> message <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7 100&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> tasks<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><\/p>\n<p>            <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;RequestParam<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>defaultValue <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;1000&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Min<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>value <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> message <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u963b\u585e\u65f6\u95f4\u81f3\u5c11\u4e3a 10ms&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Max<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>value <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10000<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> message <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u963b\u585e\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7 10000ms&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> sleepMs<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiResponse<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">ok<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>diagnosticService<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">createPressure<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>tasks<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> sleepMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u72b6\u6001&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/diagnostics\/executor<\/p>\n<p>\u5236\u9020\u538b\u529b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-X<\/span> POST <span class=\"token string\">&#034;http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/diagnostics\/pressure?tasks&#061;10&amp;sleepMs&#061;3000&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53ea\u6709 2 \u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf 2&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5 10 \u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u91cc\u6700\u591a\u63a5\u53d7 4 \u4e2a&#xff0c;\u5176\u4ed6\u4f1a\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3002 \u8fd9\u65f6\u4f60\u4f1a\u76f4\u89c2\u770b\u5230\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>9.6 \u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u8f6c\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u7ed8\u5236\u5982\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/20260802010056-6a6e96c8e7e49.png\" \/> <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u662f\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6392\u67e5\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u5148\u505a\u5230\u65e5\u5fd7 &#043; Actuator&#xff1b;\u56e2\u961f\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u518d\u9010\u6b65\u63a5\u5165\u6307\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8ffd\u6c42\u5168\u5957\u5e73\u53f0&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u4e0a\u7ebf\u540e\u53ea\u9760\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>9.7 \u6162 SQL DataSource \u5305\u88c5\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u5f15\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9 SQL \u4ee3\u7406\u5e93&#xff0c;\u672c\u6587\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7248 DataSource \u5305\u88c5\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u7edf\u8ba1 JDBC execute\u3001executeQuery\u3001executeUpdate\u3001executeBatch \u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/infra\/SlowSqlDataSourcePostProcessor.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>infra<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>reflect<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvocationHandler<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>reflect<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvocationTargetException<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>reflect<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Method<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>reflect<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Proxy<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Connection<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Statement<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">java<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>util<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Set<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">javax<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataSource<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slf4j<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Logger<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slf4j<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">LoggerFactory<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>beans<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>factory<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">BeanPostProcessor<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>stereotype<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Component<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * \u5305\u88c5 DataSource&#xff0c;\u7edf\u8ba1 JDBC SQL \u6267\u884c\u8017\u65f6\u3002<br \/>\n * \u8fd9\u662f\u6559\u5b66\u7248\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u6210\u6210\u719f\u7684 JDBC \u89c2\u6d4b\u65b9\u6848\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Component<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SlowSqlDataSourcePostProcessor<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BeanPostProcessor<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Logger<\/span> log <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">LoggerFactory<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getLogger<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">SlowSqlDataSourcePostProcessor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SlowSqlDataSourcePostProcessor<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">PerformanceProperties<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>properties <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">postProcessAfterInitialization<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> bean<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> beanName<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">!<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>bean <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DataSource<\/span> dataSource<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> bean<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Proxy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">isProxyClass<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>bean<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getClass<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> bean<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        log<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">info<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5305\u88c5 DataSource \u7528\u4e8e\u6162 SQL \u7edf\u8ba1 beanName&#061;{}&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> beanName<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Proxy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">newProxyInstance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n                dataSource<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getClass<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getClassLoader<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Class<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">?<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataSource<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DataSourceInvocationHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>dataSource<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> properties<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getSlowSqlMs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DataSourceInvocationHandler<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">InvocationHandler<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DataSource<\/span> target<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">DataSourceInvocationHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">DataSource<\/span> target<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>target <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> target<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowSqlMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">invoke<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> proxy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Method<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">throws<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Throwable<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> result <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">invokeTarget<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>target<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>result <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection<\/span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">wrapConnection<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">wrapConnection<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Connection<\/span> connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Connection<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Proxy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">newProxyInstance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n                connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getClass<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getClassLoader<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Class<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">?<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Connection<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ConnectionInvocationHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>connection<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ConnectionInvocationHandler<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">InvocationHandler<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Connection<\/span> target<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ConnectionInvocationHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Connection<\/span> target<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>target <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> target<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowSqlMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">invoke<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> proxy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Method<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">throws<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Throwable<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> result <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">invokeTarget<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>target<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> methodName <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getName<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>            <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>result <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Statement<\/span> statement<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> sql <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">extractSqlFromConnectionMethod<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>methodName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">wrapStatement<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>statement<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">extractSqlFromConnectionMethod<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> methodName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;prepareStatement&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">equals<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>methodName<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                    <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;prepareCall&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">equals<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>methodName<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                    <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> args <span class=\"token operator\">!&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">null<\/span><br \/>\n                    <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>length <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\n                    <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&lt;dynamic-sql&gt;&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Statement<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">wrapStatement<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Statement<\/span> statement<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> preparedSql<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Statement<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Proxy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">newProxyInstance<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n                statement<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getClass<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getClassLoader<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                statement<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getClass<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getInterfaces<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">StatementInvocationHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>statement<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> preparedSql<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">StatementInvocationHandler<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">InvocationHandler<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Set<\/span><span class=\"token generics\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">&gt;<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token constant\">EXECUTE_METHODS<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Set<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">of<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token string\">&#034;execute&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token string\">&#034;executeQuery&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token string\">&#034;executeUpdate&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token string\">&#034;executeLargeUpdate&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token string\">&#034;executeBatch&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token string\">&#034;executeLargeBatch&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Statement<\/span> target<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> preparedSql<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">final<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">StatementInvocationHandler<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Statement<\/span> target<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> preparedSql<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>target <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> target<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>preparedSql <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> preparedSql<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">this<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowSqlMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">invoke<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> proxy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Method<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">throws<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Throwable<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">!<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">EXECUTE_METHODS<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">contains<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>method<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getName<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">invokeTarget<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>target<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>            <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> start <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">nanoTime<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">try<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">invokeTarget<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>target<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">finally<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">long<\/span> costMs <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">System<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">nanoTime<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> start<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1_000_000<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> sql <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">resolveSql<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>                <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>costMs <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&#061;<\/span> slowSqlMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                    log<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">warn<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6162 SQL detected costMs&#061;{} sql&#061;{}&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> costMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">normalize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                    log<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">debug<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;SQL \u5b8c\u6210 costMs&#061;{} sql&#061;{}&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> costMs<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">normalize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">resolveSql<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>args <span class=\"token operator\">!&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">null<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>length <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> preparedSql<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">normalize<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">String<\/span> sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>sql <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">null<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> sql<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">replaceAll<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\\\\\\\\s&#043;&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034; &#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">trim<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">private<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">static<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">invokeTarget<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span> target<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Method<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">throws<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Throwable<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">try<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> method<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">invoke<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>target<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">catch<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">InvocationTargetException<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">throw<\/span> ex<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">getTargetException<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u6bd4\u8f83\u957f&#xff0c;\u4f46\u601d\u8def\u4e0d\u590d\u6742&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>Spring \u521b\u5efa DataSource Bean \u540e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u7528 BeanPostProcessor \u5305\u88c5\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u83b7\u53d6 Connection \u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a Connection \u4ee3\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53 Connection \u521b\u5efa Statement \/ PreparedStatement \u65f6&#xff0c;\u7ee7\u7eed\u5305\u88c5 Statement\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u6267\u884c SQL \u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7edf\u8ba1\u8017\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u5c31\u8f93\u51fa\u6162 SQL \u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u66ff\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u7ebf\u4e0a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u66f4\u63a8\u8350\u540c\u65f6\u542f\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u539f\u751f\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>SQL \u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5e94\u7528\u4fa7 SQL \u8017\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Repository \/ Service \u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u4fa7\u6162 SQL \u65e5\u5fd7&#xff1f;\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u53ea\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60 SQL \u6162&#xff0c;\u5e94\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 traceId \u628a\u6162 SQL \u548c\u67d0\u6b21 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>9.8 RestTestClient \u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<p>Spring Framework 7 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 RestTestClient&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5305\u88c5 RestClient&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 Spring MVC \u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u5e76\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 MockMvc \u6d4b\u8bd5 Spring MVC \u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/test\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/ArticleControllerRestTest.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>dto<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>junit<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>jupiter<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>api<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">BeforeEach<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>junit<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>jupiter<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>api<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Test<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>boot<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>test<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">SpringBootTest<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>boot<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>test<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>server<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">LocalServerPort<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>http<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">MediaType<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>test<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RestTestClient<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;SpringBootTest<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>webEnvironment <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">SpringBootTest<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>WebEnvironment<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">RANDOM_PORT<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ArticleControllerRestTest<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;LocalServerPort<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> port<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token class-name\">RestTestClient<\/span> client<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;BeforeEach<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">setUp<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        client <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RestTestClient<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">bindToServer<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">baseUrl<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;http:\/\/localhost:&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> port<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">build<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Test<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">createArticleShouldReturnSuccess<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span> request <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Spring Boot 4.x \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u7ae0&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u3002&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">post<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">uri<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\/api\/v1\/articles&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">contentType<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">MediaType<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">APPLICATION_JSON<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">body<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>request<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">exchange<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">expectStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">isOk<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">expectBody<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">jsonPath<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;$.code&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">isEqualTo<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">jsonPath<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;$.data.title&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">isEqualTo<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Spring Boot 4.x \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u7ae0&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Test<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">createArticleShouldValidateRequest<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span> request <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CreateArticleRequest<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">post<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">uri<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\/api\/v1\/articles&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">contentType<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">MediaType<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token constant\">APPLICATION_JSON<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">body<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>request<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">exchange<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">expectStatus<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">isBadRequest<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">expectBody<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">jsonPath<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;$.code&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">isEqualTo<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">400<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 &#064;LocalServerPort \u5bfc\u5165\u8def\u5f84\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>boot<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>test<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>server<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">LocalServerPort<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8981\u590d\u5236\u5f88\u8001\u7684 org.springframework.boot.web.server.LocalServerPort\u3002 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528 org.springframework.test.web.servlet.client.RestTestClient&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f Spring Framework 7 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f53\u7cfb\u91cc\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u65b0\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u7528 RestTemplate \u505a\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff1f; \u56e0\u4e3a\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u9010\u6b65\u628a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e5f\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u3001\u66f4\u7edf\u4e00\u7684 API \u4e0a\u3002RestTestClient \u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u98ce\u683c\u5bf9 REST API \u6d4b\u8bd5\u66f4\u53cb\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5341\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u6e90\u7801\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u89e3\u6790<\/h2>\n<h3>10.1 \u4e00\u6b21\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u65e5\u5fd7\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u770b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/ping\/slow?delayMs&#061;900&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u770b\u5230&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>WARN [traceId] SlowRequestInterceptor &#8211; \u6162\u63a5\u53e3 detected method&#061;GET uri&#061;\/api\/v1\/ping\/slow status&#061;200 costMs&#061;905<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u63a5\u53e3\u603b\u8017\u65f6\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u8981\u770b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u6709 SlowMethodLogAspect \u7684\u6162\u65b9\u6cd5\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u6709 SlowSqlDataSourcePostProcessor \u7684\u6162 SQL \u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u62d2\u7edd\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Actuator \/actuator\/metrics \u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u961f\u5217\u5806\u79ef\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\/actuator\/threaddump \u662f\u5426\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u963b\u585e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>10.2 \u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u7ed8\u5236\u5982\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/20260802010057-6a6e96c92b566.png\" \/> <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u662f\u6392\u67e5\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5b9e\u6218\u8def\u7ebf\u3002 \u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u4e0d\u8981\u4e00\u4e0a\u6765\u5c31\u80cc\u5f88\u591a JVM \u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u5148\u628a\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u8dd1\u719f&#xff1a;\u5165\u53e3\u8017\u65f6 \u2192 \u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6 \u2192 SQL \u8017\u65f6 \u2192 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u72b6\u6001 \u2192 JVM\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>10.3 \u6162 SQL \u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4f18\u5316\u601d\u8def<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u4fa7\u53d1\u73b0\u6162 SQL \u540e&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u505c\u7559\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8981\u56de\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u7b56\u7565&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7ed9\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5b57\u6bb5\u52a0\u5408\u9002\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d like &#039;%keyword%&#039; \u76f4\u63a5\u626b\u5927\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5927\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\u5fc5\u987b\u5206\u9875\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd4\u56de\u8fc7\u591a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u67e5\u5e93\u9020\u6210 N&#043;1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u590d\u6742\u7edf\u8ba1\u8003\u8651\u9884\u805a\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8b\u52a1\u5c3d\u91cf\u77ed&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u91cc\u8c03\u7528\u6162\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7684 findByTitleContainingIgnoreCaseOrderByCreatedAtDesc \u5728\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0b\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6587\u7ae0\u8868\u6709\u5343\u4e07\u7ea7\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u6539\u6210\u5168\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u6216\u66f4\u660e\u786e\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>10.4 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4f18\u5316\u601d\u8def<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u60f3\u7740\u201c\u8c03\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u201d\u3002\u8c03\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u66f4\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f1a\u62a2 CPU\u3001\u62a2\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u62a2\u4e0b\u6e38\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u987a\u5e8f\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u4efb\u52a1\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6162&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u540c\u6b65\u7b49\u5f85&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u7f3a\u5c11\u8d85\u65f6&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u6d41&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u8fc7\u5927&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u62d2\u7edd\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u62c6\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4e0b\u6e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u62d6\u6162\u4efb\u52a1&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6307\u6807\u548c\u544a\u8b66&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<p>\u6211\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u62c6\u5f00&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u77ed CPU \u4efb\u52a1\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c60\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6162 I\/O \u4efb\u52a1\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c60\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u62a5\u8868\u4efb\u52a1\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c60\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6d88\u606f\u6d88\u8d39\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c60\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c60\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8981\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u8e29\u5751\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Spring Boot 4.x \u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u6c42 Java 17&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a Spring Boot 4.x \u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3 Spring Framework 7.x \u548c\u73b0\u4ee3 Java \u57fa\u7ebf\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u663e\u793a Spring Boot 4.0.6 \u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u8981 Java 17\u3002\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528 Java 8 \u6216 Java 11 \u521b\u5efa Boot 4 \u9879\u76ee&#xff0c;\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. Spring Boot 4.x \u548c Spring Framework 7.x \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>Spring Framework \u63d0\u4f9b\u5e95\u5c42\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;Spring Boot \u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u3001Starter\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6574\u5408\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002Boot 4.x \u57fa\u4e8e Framework 7.x\u3002\u4f60\u5199 Controller\u3001Service\u3001Repository \u65f6&#xff0c;\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u5728\u5199 Boot \u9879\u76ee&#xff0c;\u5e95\u5c42\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u3001Bean \u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u3001MVC \u90fd\u6765\u81ea Spring Framework\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Spring Boot 4.x \u4e2d\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u7ee7\u7eed\u628a spring-boot-starter-web \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u63a8\u8350\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a Spring Boot 4.x \u66f4\u5f3a\u8c03\u6a21\u5757\u5316 Starter\u3002\u5b98\u65b9 Starter \u5217\u8868\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u4f9b spring-boot-starter-webmvc&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u65e7 spring-boot-starter-web \u504f\u5411\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 webmvc\u3002\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u76f4\u63a5\u9009 webmvc \u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4. spring-boot-starter-webmvc \u548c spring-boot-starter-web \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>spring-boot-starter-webmvc \u660e\u786e\u8868\u8fbe\u4f60\u8981\u6784\u5efa Spring MVC &#043; Tomcat \u5e94\u7528\u3002 spring-boot-starter-web \u662f\u65e7\u65f6\u4ee3\u5e38\u7528\u5165\u53e3&#xff0c;\u5728 Boot 4.x \u4e2d\u4e0d\u5e94\u518d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u6559\u7a0b\u4e3b\u63a8\u8350\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u9009\u5f97\u8d8a\u660e\u786e&#xff0c;\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u8d8a\u53ef\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>5. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 javax.validation \u5728 Spring Boot 4.x \u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5199\u6cd5&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a Jakarta EE \u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 jakarta.*\u3002Spring Boot 4.x \u4e3b\u4ee3\u7801\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528 jakarta.validation.*\u3002\u590d\u5236\u65e7\u6559\u7a0b\u7684 javax.validation.* \u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7f16\u8bd1\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u4f9d\u8d56\u6df7\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>6. jakarta.validation\u3001jakarta.persistence\u3001jakarta.annotation \u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u4ec0\u4e48\u573a\u666f&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>jakarta.validation \u7528\u4e8e\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982 &#064;NotBlank\u3001&#064;Valid\u3002 jakarta.persistence \u7528\u4e8e JPA \u5b9e\u4f53\u6620\u5c04&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982 &#064;Entity\u3001&#064;Id\u3002 jakarta.annotation \u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u7528\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u6ce8\u89e3&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982 &#064;PostConstruct\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>7. Controller \u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de Entity&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u3002Entity \u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f API \u5951\u7ea6\u3002\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de Entity \u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u5b57\u6bb5\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u61d2\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u3001\u63a5\u53e3\u7248\u672c\u96be\u6f14\u8fdb\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7528 VO \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u524d\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8. DTO\u3001VO\u3001Entity \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>DTO \u63a5\u6536\u5165\u53c2&#xff0c;\u5173\u6ce8\u6821\u9a8c\u3002 VO \u8fd4\u56de\u51fa\u53c2&#xff0c;\u5173\u6ce8\u524d\u7aef\u5c55\u793a\u3002 Entity \u6620\u5c04\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u5173\u6ce8\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u3002 \u4e09\u8005\u5206\u79bb\u662f\u5de5\u7a0b\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>9. \u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u6548&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u539f\u56e0\u6709&#xff1a; \u7c7b\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u7ec4\u4ef6\u626b\u63cf\u5230&#xff1b;\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0 &#064;RestControllerAdvice&#xff1b;\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u5339\u914d&#xff1b;\u5f02\u5e38\u5728 Filter \u5c42\u63d0\u524d\u88ab\u541e\u6389&#xff1b;Controller \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u4e0d\u662f REST \u54cd\u5e94&#xff1b;\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6574 Spring \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>10. application.yml \u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7f29\u8fdb\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u524d\u7f00\u5199\u9519\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u7528 &#064;EnableConfigurationProperties\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b\u6ca1\u6709 setter\u3001\u73af\u5883 profile \u4e0d\u5bf9\u3002YAML \u5bf9\u7f29\u8fdb\u5f88\u654f\u611f&#xff0c;\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>11. \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u6ce8\u89e3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u89e6\u53d1&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u6821\u9a8c\u8981\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u4e0a\u52a0 &#064;Valid\u3002 \u65b9\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u901a\u5e38\u8981\u5728 Controller \u7c7b\u4e0a\u52a0 &#064;Validated\u3002 \u540c\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u5f15\u5165 spring-boot-starter-validation\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u5199\u6ce8\u89e3\u4e0d\u52a0\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u52a0\u4e86 &#064;Valid \u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u5165\u6821\u9a8c&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528 &#064;RequestBody&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005 DTO \u5b57\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u6821\u9a8c\u6ce8\u89e3&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u7684 javax.* \u5305&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8bf7\u6c42\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e Content-Type: application\/json\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>13. Service \u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u987b\u62c6\u5206&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u3002\u5c0f\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5199 Service \u7c7b\u3002\u4f46\u6559\u5b66\u548c\u591a\u4eba\u534f\u4f5c\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u63a5\u53e3 &#043; \u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8868\u8fbe\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f62\u5f0f\u800c\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5173\u952e\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u804c\u8d23\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>14. Spring Boot 4.x \u9879\u76ee\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9 Maven \u4f9d\u8d56\u7248\u672c&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 Spring Boot Parent \u6216 BOM \u7ba1\u7406\u7248\u672c\u3002Spring Boot \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u4e5f\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0d\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u6307\u5b9a Spring Framework \u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a Boot \u7248\u672c\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840 Spring Framework \u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>15. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u91cc\u7684\u65e7\u5bfc\u5165\u8def\u5f84\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u90e8\u5206\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u8def\u5f84\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u53d8\u5316\u8fc7\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 &#064;LocalServerPort \u5e94\u4f7f\u7528 org.springframework.boot.test.web.server.LocalServerPort\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u6559\u7a0b\u91cc\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>16. MockMvc\u3001RestTestClient\u3001WebTestClient \u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u9009&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>Spring MVC \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;MockMvc \u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u7528\u3002Spring Framework 7 \u7684 RestTestClient \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u7edf\u4e00\u7684 REST \u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u65e2\u80fd\u7ed1\u5b9a MVC \u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u8fde\u63a5\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002WebTestClient \u66f4\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e WebFlux \u6216\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>17. Jackson 3 \u5bf9\u8001\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f71\u54cd&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u8001\u9879\u76ee\u5982\u679c\u6709 Jackson 2 \u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u3001\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u6ce8\u518c\u3001ObjectMapper \u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 Boot 4.x \u65f6\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002Spring Boot 4.x \u9ed8\u8ba4\u504f\u5411 Jackson 3\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>18. RestTemplate \u8fd8\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528&#xff1f;\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u66f4\u63a8\u8350 RestClient&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>RestTemplate \u8fd8\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u4f46\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u66f4\u63a8\u8350 RestClient\u3001HTTP Service Client \u6216 WebClient\u3002RestClient \u662f\u540c\u6b65 fluent API&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u7edf\u4e00\u914d\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u548c\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>19. \u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u770b Controller \u662f\u5426\u53ea\u505a\u8bf7\u6c42\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de&#xff1b;Service \u662f\u5426\u627f\u8f7d\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219&#xff1b;Repository \u662f\u5426\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff1b;DTO \/ VO \/ Entity \u662f\u5426\u5206\u79bb&#xff1b;\u5f02\u5e38\u662f\u5426\u7edf\u4e00&#xff1b;\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u6784\u57fa\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>20. \u4ece Spring Boot 3.x \u5347\u7ea7\u5230 4.x \u65f6\u6700\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u5148\u68c0\u67e5 JDK \u7248\u672c\u3001Starter \u4f9d\u8d56\u3001javax.* \u5230 jakarta.*\u3001Jackson 2 \u5230 Jackson 3\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f9d\u8d56\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9 Starter \u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u6539 &lt;version&gt;\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n<h3>12.1 \u5305\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u63a8\u8350\u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u548c\u5206\u5c42\u7ed3\u5408\u7ec4\u7ec7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>com.example.slowapi<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 common<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 config<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 controller<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 dto<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 entity<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 exception<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 infra<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 repository<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 service<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 impl<br \/>\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 vo<\/p>\n<p>\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u90fd\u5806\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u91cc\u3002\u9879\u76ee\u5c0f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u9879\u76ee\u7a0d\u5fae\u5927\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.2 Controller \u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u8303<\/h3>\n<p>Controller \u53ea\u505a\u56db\u4ef6\u4e8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u89e6\u53d1\u6821\u9a8c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8c03\u7528 Service\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de VO\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8981\u5728 Controller \u91cc\u5199 SQL&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8981\u5199\u590d\u6742\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.3 DTO \/ VO \/ Entity \u4f7f\u7528\u8fb9\u754c<\/h3>\n<p>DTO \u9762\u5411\u8f93\u5165&#xff0c;VO \u9762\u5411\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;Entity \u9762\u5411\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002 \u4e0d\u8981\u628a Entity \u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u9732\u7ed9\u524d\u7aef&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u524d\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42 DTO \u76f4\u63a5\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f53\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.4 \u7edf\u4e00\u54cd\u5e94\u683c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u7edf\u4e00\u54cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u524d\u540e\u7aef\u534f\u4f5c\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u3001traceId \u6392\u67e5\u3001\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u6863\u751f\u6210\u90fd\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.5 \u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u62d2\u7edd\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f02\u5e38\u8981\u5206\u5f00\u5904\u7406\u3002 \u4e0d\u8981\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u90fd\u8fd4\u56de 500\u3002 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u8fd4\u56de 429 \u6216\u4e1a\u52a1\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7e41\u5fd9\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.6 \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c<\/h3>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u524d\u7f6e\u3002 \u5fc5\u586b\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u8303\u56f4&#xff0c;\u80fd\u7528 Jakarta Validation \u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u5199\u4e00\u5806 if\u3002 \u4f46\u590d\u6742\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u8981\u786c\u585e\u5230 DTO \u6ce8\u89e3\u91cc&#xff0c;\u5e94\u653e\u5728 Service\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.7 \u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p>\u65e5\u5fd7\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b traceId\u3002 \u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u65e5\u5fd7\u8981\u6709 method\u3001uri\u3001status\u3001costMs\u3002 \u6162 SQL \u65e5\u5fd7\u8981\u6709 costMs\u3001SQL \u6458\u8981\u3002 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u65e5\u5fd7\u8981\u6709 active\u3001queue\u3001completed\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.8 \u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<p>\u6240\u6709\u9608\u503c\u90fd\u4e0d\u8981\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u3002 \u6162\u8bf7\u6c42\u9608\u503c\u3001\u6162 SQL \u9608\u503c\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5230\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 \u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c profile\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.9 Maven \u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 Spring Boot Parent \u6216 BOM\u3002 \u4e0d\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u7ed9 Spring Framework\u3001Jackson\u3001Hibernate\u3001JUnit \u6307\u5b9a\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u695a\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.10 Spring Boot 4.x Starter \u9009\u62e9<\/h3>\n<p>Web MVC \u9009 spring-boot-starter-webmvc\u3002 Validation \u9009 spring-boot-starter-validation\u3002 JPA \u9009 spring-boot-starter-data-jpa\u3002 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u9009\u5bf9\u5e94\u6a21\u5757\u7684 test starter\u3002 HTTP \u540c\u6b65\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u8003\u8651 spring-boot-starter-restclient\u3002 WebFlux \u624d\u9009 spring-boot-starter-webflux\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.11 \u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<p>Service \u7eaf\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002 \u4e0d\u8981\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u90fd\u542f\u52a8 Spring \u5bb9\u5668\u3002 \u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\u8d8a\u590d\u6742&#xff0c;\u8d8a\u5e94\u8be5\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.12 \u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<p>Controller &#043; Validation &#043; ExceptionHandler &#043; JSON \u5e8f\u5217\u5316&#xff0c;\u9002\u5408\u7528 RestTestClient \u505a\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002 \u5b83\u80fd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u771f\u5b9e HTTP \u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8c03\u7528 Java \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.13 \u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u6863<\/h3>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u5165 springdoc-openapi \u6216 Knife4j&#xff0c;\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u8ba4 Spring Boot 4.x \u517c\u5bb9\u7248\u672c\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u5165&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u968f\u4fbf\u590d\u5236 Boot 3.x \u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.14 API Versioning<\/h3>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u5148\u7528 \/api\/v1&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u8981\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u6f14\u8fdb\u610f\u8bc6\u3002 \u4e0d\u8981\u968f\u4fbf\u6539\u5df2\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u542b\u4e49\u3002 \u4e0d\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ecd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002 \u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u66f4\u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.15 \u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0a\u7ebf\u540e\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002 \u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u6709\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u6307\u6807\u3001\u6162\u63a5\u53e3\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u6162 SQL \u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6307\u6807\u3002 \u56e2\u961f\u9879\u76ee\u5efa\u8bae\u63a5\u5165 Prometheus\u3001Grafana \u548c OpenTelemetry\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>12.16 \u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n<p>\u5148\u628a Web MVC\u3001Validation\u3001JPA\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8dd1\u901a\u3002 \u518d\u5b66 Actuator\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f18\u5316\u3002 \u6700\u540e\u518d\u6df1\u5165 Spring Security\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u3001\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8981\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8ffd\u6c42\u201c\u5927\u800c\u5168\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u8981\u5199\u6210\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6837\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9&#xff1a;API Versioning\u3001RestClient\u3001Jackson 3\u3001JSpecify\u3001OpenTelemetry<\/h2>\n<h3>13.1 Spring Framework 7 \u7684 API Versioning<\/h3>\n<p>Spring Framework 7 \u7684 Spring MVC \u652f\u6301 API Versioning\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 WebMvcConfigurer \u7684 configureApiVersioning \u542f\u7528&#xff0c;\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u4ece\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u8def\u5f84\u7247\u6bb5\u3001\u5a92\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u89e3\u6790\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/config\/ApiVersionConfig.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Configuration<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ApiVersionConfigurer<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>servlet<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">WebMvcConfigurer<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * API \u7248\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<br \/>\n * \u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u4e0d\u7528\u6253\u5f00&#xff0c;\u7406\u89e3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8def\u5373\u53ef\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Configuration<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ApiVersionConfig<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebMvcConfigurer<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Override<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">configureApiVersioning<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">ApiVersionConfigurer<\/span> configurer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        configurer<br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">useRequestHeader<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;API-Version&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">setDefaultVersion<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;1.0&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">addSupportedVersions<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;1.0&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;2.0&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\u8868\u793a\u4ece API-Version \u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u8bfb\u53d6\u7248\u672c\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u4f20\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528 1.0\u3002 \u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u91cc&#xff0c;\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528 \/api\/v1 \u8def\u5f84\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5fc5\u628a\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u505a\u590d\u6742&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0d\u662f\u5199\u5b8c\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u3001\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u4f9d\u8d56\u65e7\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u7248\u672c\u6f14\u8fdb\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u524d\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>13.2 RestClient \u4e0e HTTP Service Client<\/h3>\n<p>\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u90e8 HTTP \u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651 RestClient\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ src\/main\/java\/com\/example\/slowapi\/config\/HttpClientConfig.java<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">package<\/span> <span class=\"token namespace\">com<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>example<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>slowapi<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>config<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Bean<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>annotation<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">Configuration<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">import<\/span> <span class=\"token import\"><span class=\"token namespace\">org<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>springframework<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>client<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RestClient<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/**<br \/>\n * RestClient \u793a\u4f8b\u3002<br \/>\n * \u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u5e94\u914d\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u8131\u654f\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\n *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Configuration<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">HttpClientConfig<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token annotation punctuation\">&#064;Bean<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token class-name\">RestClient<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">githubRestClient<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token class-name\">RestClient<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>Builder<\/span> builder<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> builder<br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">baseUrl<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;https:\/\/api.github.com&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">defaultHeader<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;Accept&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;application\/json&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n                <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token function\">build<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>RestClient.Builder \u53ef\u4ee5\u7531 Spring \u7ba1\u7406&#xff0c;\u540e\u7eed\u63a5\u5165\u89c2\u6d4b\u3001\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u8d85\u65f6\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002 \u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u5230\u5904 RestClient.create()&#xff0c;\u66f4\u4e0d\u8981\u968f\u4fbf new HTTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>13.3 Jackson 3 \u4e0e\u63a5\u53e3\u54cd\u5e94<\/h3>\n<p>Spring Boot 4.x \u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fdb\u5165 Jackson 3 \u4f53\u7cfb\u540e&#xff0c;\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u5173\u6ce8&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>record \u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Instant \/ LocalDateTime \u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u679a\u4e3e\u8f93\u51fa\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7a7a\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8001\u9879\u76ee\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7528 Instant \u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8868\u8fbe\u7edd\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u9762\u5411\u56fd\u5185\u524d\u7aef&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u8f93\u51fa\u5e26\u65f6\u533a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u5173\u952e\u662f\u5168\u9879\u76ee\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>13.4 JSpecify Null-Safety<\/h3>\n<p>Spring Framework 7 \u4f7f\u7528 JSpecify \u6ce8\u89e3\u58f0\u660e\u81ea\u8eab API \u7684 nullability\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u660e\u786e\u7684 null \u5951\u7ea6&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6 NPE&#xff1b;\u540c\u65f6\u65e7\u7684 org.springframework.lang \u7a7a\u5b89\u5168\u6ce8\u89e3\u5728 Framework 7 \u4e2d\u5df2\u8f6c\u5411 JSpecify\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u628a NullAway \u914d\u5230\u6781\u81f4&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8981\u517b\u6210\u4e60\u60ef&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5c31\u660e\u786e\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u8981\u968f\u4fbf\u8fd4\u56de null\u3002<\/li>\n<li>DTO \u5b57\u6bb5\u7528\u6821\u9a8c\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Repository \u67e5\u8be2\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u7528 Optional \u6216\u6e05\u6670\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u8981\u628a NPE \u5f53\u6210\u201c\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>13.5 Actuator\u3001Micrometer \u4e0e OpenTelemetry<\/h3>\n<p>Actuator \u662f\u7ebf\u4e0a\u8bca\u65ad\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u3002 Micrometer \u662f\u6307\u6807\u95e8\u9762\u3002 OpenTelemetry \u662f\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3001\u6307\u6807\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bed\u4e49\u6574\u5408\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Spring Boot Actuator \u7684 Observability \u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u7531 logging\u3001metrics\u3001traces \u4e09\u5927\u652f\u67f1\u7ec4\u6210&#xff1b;Spring Boot \u4f7f\u7528 Micrometer Observation \u652f\u6491 metrics \u548c traces\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u9898\u6765\u8bf4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6162\u63a5\u53e3&#xff1a;\u770b HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u8017\u65f6\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6162 SQL&#xff1a;\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5e94\u7528 SQL \u8017\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d&#xff1a;\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60 active\u3001queue\u3001completed\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8de8\u670d\u52a1\u6162&#xff1a;\u770b trace&#xff0c;\u5b9a\u4f4d\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u6bb5\u6162\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u4f60\u5148\u638c\u63e1 \/actuator\/health\u3001\/actuator\/metrics\u3001\/actuator\/threaddump\u3002 \u7b49\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u518d\u63a5 Prometheus\u3001Grafana\u3001Tempo\u3001Jaeger \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5341\u56db\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u56de\u987e<\/h2>\n<p>\u6700\u7ec8\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>slow-api-lab<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 pom.xml<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 src<br \/>\n\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 main<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 com\/example\/slowapi<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 SlowApiLabApplication.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 common<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 ApiResponse.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 config<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 ApiVersionConfig.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 DiagnosticExecutorConfig.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 DiagnosticExecutorProperties.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 HttpClientConfig.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 PerformanceProperties.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 WebMvcConfig.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 controller<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 ArticleController.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 DiagnosticController.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 PingController.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 dto<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 CreateArticleRequest.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 entity<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 Article.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 exception<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 BusinessException.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 GlobalExceptionHandler.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 infra<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 SlowMethodLogAspect.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 SlowRequestInterceptor.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 SlowSqlDataSourcePostProcessor.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 TraceIdFilter.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 repository<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 ArticleRepository.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 service<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 ArticleService.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 DiagnosticService.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 impl<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2502       \u2514\u2500\u2500 ArticleServiceImpl.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502       \u2514\u2500\u2500 vo<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502           \u251c\u2500\u2500 ArticleView.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2502           \u2514\u2500\u2500 ThreadPoolSnapshot.java<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 resources<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502       \u251c\u2500\u2500 application.yml<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2502       \u2514\u2500\u2500 data.sql<br \/>\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 test<br \/>\n\u2502       \u2514\u2500\u2500 java<br \/>\n\u2502           \u2514\u2500\u2500 com\/example\/slowapi<br \/>\n\u2502               \u2514\u2500\u2500 ArticleControllerRestTest.java<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4e0b\u9762\u987a\u5e8f\u9a8c\u8bc1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>mvn <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">test<\/span><br \/>\nmvn spring-boot:run<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/ping<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/ping\/slow?delayMs&#061;900&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/articles\/search?keyword&#061;Spring&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/diagnostics\/executor<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-X<\/span> POST <span class=\"token string\">&#034;http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/v1\/diagnostics\/pressure?tasks&#061;10&amp;sleepMs&#061;3000&#034;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:8080\/actuator\/health<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:8080\/actuator\/metrics<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:8080\/actuator\/threaddump<\/p>\n<h2>\u5341\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8282\u6211\u4eec\u56f4\u7ed5\u201c\u7ebf\u4e0a\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u6162\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\u201d\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 Spring Boot 4.x \u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u6392\u67e5\u601d\u8def&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00&#xff0c;\u63a5\u53e3\u6162\u8981\u5148\u770b\u603b\u8017\u65f6\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7 TraceIdFilter \u548c SlowRequestInterceptor&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u6162\u3001\u54ea\u4e2a URI \u6162\u3001\u8017\u65f6\u591a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c&#xff0c;\u63a5\u53e3\u6162\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e SQL \u6162\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7 SlowMethodLogAspect&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5224\u65ad\u6162\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u5728 Service \u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09&#xff0c;\u6162 SQL \u8981\u5e94\u7528\u4fa7\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4fa7\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u3002 \u672c\u6587\u7ed9\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u5b66\u7248 DataSource \u5305\u88c5\u5668&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u628a SQL \u8017\u65f6\u548c traceId 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