{"id":88331,"date":"2026-07-31T22:48:30","date_gmt":"2026-07-31T14:48:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html"},"modified":"2026-07-31T22:48:30","modified_gmt":"2026-07-31T14:48:30","slug":"linux-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%a4%8d%e5%88%b6%e7%a7%bb%e5%8a%a8%e3%80%81%e5%86%85%e5%ae%b9%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e3%80%81%e6%97%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e"},"content":{"rendered":"

Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4（\u4e8c）：\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e<\/h2>\n

\"\u5934\u50cf\"<\/p>\n

🔥 \u661f\u6052\u968f\u98ce：<\/b><\/font>
\n \u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u9875<\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

\u2744\ufe0f \u4e2a\u4eba\u4e13\u680f：<\/b><\/font>
\n \u300a\u6307\u9488\u5408\u96c6\u300b<\/b><\/font>
\n ｜<\/b><\/font>
\n \u300aC\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\u300b<\/b><\/font>
\n ｜<\/b><\/font>
\n \u300a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u300b<\/b><\/font>
\n ｜<\/b><\/font>
\n \u300a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b<\/b><\/font>
\n ｜<\/b><\/font>
\n \u300a\u524d\u7aef\u57fa\u7840\u300b<\/b><\/font>
\n ｜<\/b><\/font>
\n \u300apython\u57fa\u7840\u300b<\/b><\/font>
\n ｜<\/b><\/font>
\n \u300aC++\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5165\u571f\u300b<\/b><\/font>
\n ｜<\/b><\/font>
\n \u300aLinux\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e4b\u65c5\u300b<\/b><\/font> <\/p>\n

\u2728 \u6570\u636e\u5373\u77e5\u8bc6，\u538b\u7f29\u5373\u667a\u80fd<\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n
    \n
  • Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4（\u4e8c）：\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e<\/li>\n
  • \n
      \n
    • \u524d\u8a00<\/li>\n
    • \u4e00\u3001rm \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8865\u5145<\/li>\n
    • \n
        \n
      • 1.1 \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u8be2\u95ee<\/li>\n
      • 1.2 \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u5e76\u9010\u9879\u8be2\u95ee<\/li>\n
      • 1.3 \u5f3a\u5236\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • \u4e8c\u3001man：\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u5148\u67e5\u624b\u518c<\/li>\n
      • \n
          \n
        • 2.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/li>\n
        • 2.2 man \u624b\u518c\u7684\u7ae0\u8282<\/li>\n
        • 2.3 \u540c\u540d\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u7ae0\u8282？<\/li>\n
        • 2.4 \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u540c\u540d\u624b\u518c\u9875<\/li>\n
        • 2.5 \u6839\u636e\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u641c\u7d22\u624b\u518c<\/li>\n
        • 2.6 \u67e5\u770b man \u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u624b\u518c<\/li>\n
        • 2.7 \u5176\u4ed6\u5e2e\u52a9\u65b9\u5f0f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • \u4e09\u3001cp：\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n
        • \n
            \n
          • 3.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/li>\n
          • 3.2 \u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
          • 3.3 \u590d\u5236\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n
          • 3.4 \u590d\u5236\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/li>\n
          • 3.5 \u4e00\u6b21\u590d\u5236\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
          • 3.6 \u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u590d\u5236<\/li>\n
          • 3.7 \u8986\u76d6\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
          • 3.8 \u9012\u5f52\u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n
          • 3.9 \u4f7f\u7528\u5f52\u6863\u6a21\u5f0f\u590d\u5236<\/li>\n
          • 3.10 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
          • \u56db\u3001mv：\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/li>\n
          • \n
              \n
            • 4.1 \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/li>\n
            • 4.2 \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n
            • 4.3 \u79fb\u52a8\u5e76\u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/li>\n
            • 4.4 \u79fb\u52a8\u6574\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n
            • 4.5 \u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728<\/li>\n
            • 4.6 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n
            • 4.7 cp \u548c mv \u7684\u533a\u522b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
            • \u4e94\u3001cat：\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
            • \n
                \n
              • 5.1 \u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
              • 5.2 \u540c\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
              • 5.3 \u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f16\u53f7<\/li>\n
              • 5.4 \u53ea\u7ed9\u975e\u7a7a\u884c\u7f16\u53f7<\/li>\n
              • 5.5 \u538b\u7f29\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u884c<\/li>\n
              • 5.6 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n
              • 5.7 cat \u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
              • \u516d\u3001\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411：\u628a\u8f93\u51fa\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
              • \n
                  \n
                • 6.1 \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa<\/li>\n
                • 6.2 `>` \u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
                • 6.3 `>>` \u4f1a\u8ffd\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n
                • 6.4 \u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u751f\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                • \u4e03\u3001more：\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
                • \n
                    \n
                  • 7.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/li>\n
                  • 7.2 \u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n
                  • 7.3 \u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u9875\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570<\/li>\n
                  • 7.4 more \u7684\u5c40\u9650<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                  • \u516b\u3001less：\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u6d4f\u89c8\u957f\u6587\u672c<\/li>\n
                  • \n
                      \n
                    • 8.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/li>\n
                    • 8.2 \u5e38\u7528\u6309\u952e<\/li>\n
                    • 8.3 \u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/li>\n
                    • 8.4 \u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/li>\n
                    • 8.5 more \u548c less \u5bf9\u6bd4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                    • \u4e5d\u3001head：\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934<\/li>\n
                    • \n
                        \n
                      • 9.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/li>\n
                      • 9.2 \u6307\u5b9a\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570<\/li>\n
                      • 9.3 \u5e38\u89c1\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                      • \u5341\u3001tail：\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u548c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n
                      • \n
                          \n
                        • 10.1 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u67e5\u770b\u6700\u540e 10 \u884c<\/li>\n
                        • 10.2 \u6307\u5b9a\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570<\/li>\n
                        • 10.3 \u5b9e\u65f6\u8ddf\u8e2a\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n
                        • 10.4 \u6a21\u62df\u52a8\u6001\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n
                        • 10.5 `tail -F`<\/li>\n
                        • 10.6 head \u548c tail \u5bf9\u6bd4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                        • \u5341\u4e00\u3001\u7ba1\u9053：\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4ea4\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n
                        • \n
                            \n
                          • 11.1 \u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e00\u6bb5\u884c<\/li>\n
                          • 11.2 \u7edf\u8ba1\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u524d\u51e0\u9879<\/li>\n
                          • 11.3 \u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22<\/li>\n
                          • 11.4 \u7ba1\u9053\u548c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                          • \u5341\u4e8c\u3001date：\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n
                          • \n
                              \n
                            • 12.1 \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n
                            • 12.2 \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f<\/li>\n
                            • 12.3 \u5e38\u89c1\u683c\u5f0f\u7b26<\/li>\n
                            • 12.4 Unix \u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/li>\n
                            • 12.5 \u628a\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53ef\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n
                            • 12.6 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                            • \u5341\u4e09\u3001cal：\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5386<\/li>\n
                            • \n
                                \n
                              • 13.1 \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6708\u4efd<\/li>\n
                              • 13.2 \u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u5e74\u4efd<\/li>\n
                              • 13.3 \u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u6708\u4efd<\/li>\n
                              • 13.4 \u67e5\u770b\u76f8\u90bb\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708<\/li>\n
                              • 13.5 \u67e5\u770b\u5168\u5e74<\/li>\n
                              • 13.6 \u663e\u793a\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u51e0\u5929<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                              • \u5341\u56db\u3001find：\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
                              • \n
                                  \n
                                • 14.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/li>\n
                                • 14.2 \u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u67e5\u627e<\/li>\n
                                • 14.3 \u5ffd\u7565\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/li>\n
                                • 14.4 \u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u67e5\u627e<\/li>\n
                                • 14.5 \u9650\u5236\u641c\u7d22\u6df1\u5ea6<\/li>\n
                                • 14.6 \u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u67e5\u627e<\/li>\n
                                • 14.7 \u6309\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u67e5\u627e<\/li>\n
                                • 14.8 \u5bf9\u67e5\u627e\u7ed3\u679c\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n
                                • 14.9 find \u548c\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                • \u5341\u4e94\u3001which：\u67e5\u627e\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n
                                • \n
                                    \n
                                  • 15.1 \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n
                                  • 15.2 PATH \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？<\/li>\n
                                  • 15.3 which \u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n
                                  • 15.4 \u4f7f\u7528 type \u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u6574\u6765\u6e90<\/li>\n
                                  • 15.5 \u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 command -v<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                  • \u5341\u516d\u3001\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e32\u8d77\u6765<\/li>\n
                                  • \n
                                      \n
                                    • 16.1 \u521b\u5efa\u7ec3\u4e60\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n
                                    • 16.2 \u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
                                    • 16.3 \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
                                    • 16.4 \u590d\u5236\u9879\u76ee<\/li>\n
                                    • 16.5 \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
                                    • 16.6 \u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n
                                    • 16.7 \u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u5e2e\u52a9<\/li>\n
                                    • 16.8 \u6e05\u7406\u7ec3\u4e60\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      \u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n

                                      \u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86 Linux \u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u3001\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84，\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4：<\/p>\n

                                      ls
                                      \npwd
                                      \ncd
                                      \ntouch
                                      \nmkdir
                                      \nrmdir
                                      \nrm<\/p>\n

                                      \u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u540e，\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u6210\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u4e0d\u8fc7，\u771f\u6b63\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u65f6\u8fd8\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u95ee\u9898：<\/p>\n

                                      \u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5fd8\u4e86\u600e\u4e48\u529e？
                                      \n\u600e\u6837\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55？
                                      \n\u600e\u6837\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u540d？
                                      \n\u600e\u6837\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6？
                                      \n\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u51e0\u5343\u884c\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u6837\u9605\u8bfb？
                                      \n\u600e\u6837\u53ea\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u6216\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9？
                                      \n\u600e\u6837\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4？
                                      \n\u600e\u6837\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4？
                                      \n\u600e\u6837\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6？
                                      \n\u600e\u6837\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f？<\/p>\n

                                      \u672c\u6587\u56f4\u7ed5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60 Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5176\u4e2d：<\/p>\n

                                      root：\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237
                                      \nxxx ：\u7ecf\u8fc7\u533f\u540d\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d
                                      \n~ ：\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u4e8e root \u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55
                                      \n# ：\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u793a\u7b26<\/p>\n

                                      \u672c\u6587\u4f7f\u7528 root \u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u6f14\u793a\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，\u9664\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u5916，\u66f4\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c，\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u518d\u901a\u8fc7 sudo \u83b7\u53d6\u4e34\u65f6\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u4e00\u3001rm \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8865\u5145<\/h3>\n

                                      \u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86 rm \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

                                      rm<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6\u540d
                                      \nrm<\/span> -r<\/span> \u76ee\u5f55\u540d<\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u91cc\u518d\u8865\u5145\u4e09\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u9009\u9879：<\/p>\n

                                      -i：\u5220\u9664\u524d\u8be2\u95ee
                                      \n-r：\u9012\u5f52\u5904\u7406\u76ee\u5f55
                                      \n-f：\u5f3a\u5236\u5904\u7406，\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u5e38\u89c4\u8be2\u95ee<\/p>\n

                                      1.1 \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u8be2\u95ee<\/h4>\n

                                      \u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># mkdir -p \/root\/linux_demo<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># cd \/root\/linux_demo<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># touch note.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u4f7f\u7528 -i \u5220\u9664：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># rm -i note.txt<\/span>
                                      \nrm: remove regular empty file<\/span> 'note.txt'<\/span>? y<\/p>\n

                                      \u8f93\u5165：<\/p>\n

                                      y<\/p>\n

                                      \u8868\u793a\u786e\u8ba4\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u8f93\u5165：<\/p>\n

                                      n<\/p>\n

                                      \u8868\u793a\u53d6\u6d88\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u521d\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528 rm -i，\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8bef\u5220\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      1.2 \u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u5e76\u9010\u9879\u8be2\u95ee<\/h4>\n

                                      \u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mkdir -p path1\/path2\/path3<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># touch path1\/file1.txt<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># touch path1\/path2\/file2.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># rm -ri path1<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u9010\u6b65\u8be2\u95ee：<\/p>\n

                                      \u662f\u5426\u8fdb\u5165 path1？
                                      \n\u662f\u5426\u8fdb\u5165 path1\/path2？
                                      \n\u662f\u5426\u5220\u9664\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6？
                                      \n\u662f\u5426\u5220\u9664\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u7a7a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55？<\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b89\u5168，\u4f46\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u9879\u76ee\u5f88\u591a\u65f6，\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      1.3 \u5f3a\u5236\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># rm -rf path1<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5176\u4e2d：<\/p>\n

                                      -r：\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9
                                      \n-f：\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u5e38\u89c4\u8be2\u95ee<\/p>\n

                                      rm -rf \u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u6b63\u5e38\u547d\u4ee4，\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u811a\u672c\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u811a\u672c\u548c\u4e34\u65f6\u76ee\u5f55\u6e05\u7406\u4e2d\u90fd\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u7684\u5371\u9669\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e：<\/p>\n

                                      \u5220\u9664\u8303\u56f4\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u51b3\u5b9a，\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u518d\u6b21\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u6267\u884c\u524d\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u786e\u8ba4：<\/p>\n

                                      pwd<\/span>
                                      \nls<\/span> -al<\/span> path1<\/p>\n

                                      \u786e\u8ba4\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5185\u5bb9\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u540e，\u518d\u6267\u884c\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u4e8c\u3001man：\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u5148\u67e5\u624b\u518c<\/h3>\n

                                      Linux \u547d\u4ee4\u5f88\u591a，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53c8\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u628a\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u5168\u90e8\u80cc\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u77e5\u9053：<\/p>\n

                                      \u5fd8\u8bb0\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u540e，\u5e94\u8be5\u53bb\u54ea\u91cc\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      man \u662f Linux \u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      2.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

                                      man<\/span> [<\/span>\u7ae0\u8282\u53f7]<\/span> \u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u4e3b\u9898<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982\u67e5\u770b ls \u7684\u624b\u518c：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># man ls<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u8fdb\u5165\u624b\u518c\u4ee5\u540e，\u5e38\u7528\u6309\u952e\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n\n\u6309\u952e\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      Space<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u4e00\u9875<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      Enter<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0b\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      b<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0a\u7ffb\u4e00\u9875<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \/\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      n<\/td>\n\u8df3\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u9879<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      N<\/td>\n\u8df3\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u9879<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      q<\/td>\n\u9000\u51fa\u624b\u518c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982\u5728 ls \u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22 recursive：<\/p>\n

                                      \/recursive<\/p>\n

                                      \u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u540e，\u624b\u518c\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      2.2 man \u624b\u518c\u7684\u7ae0\u8282<\/h4>\n

                                      Linux \u7684 man \u624b\u518c\u6309\u7167\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u7ae0\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5e38\u89c1\u7ae0\u8282\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n\n\u7ae0\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      1<\/td>\n\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      2<\/td>\nLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      3<\/td>\nC \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e93\u51fd\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      4<\/td>\n\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      5<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      6<\/td>\n\u6e38\u620f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      7<\/td>\n\u6982\u8ff0\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u7ea6\u5b9a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u9898<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      8<\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      9<\/td>\n\u5185\u6838\u76f8\u5173\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u4f8b\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      \u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u624b\u518c\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      2.3 \u540c\u540d\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u7ae0\u8282？<\/h4>\n

                                      printf \u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a Shell \u547d\u4ee4，\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a C \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u7248\u672c：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># man 1 printf<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b C \u5e93\u51fd\u6570：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># man 3 printf<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528 fork：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># man 2 fork<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528 open：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># man 2 open<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u6307\u5b9a\u7ae0\u8282\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e：<\/p>\n

                                      \u5f53\u591a\u4e2a\u624b\u518c\u9875\u540d\u79f0\u76f8\u540c\u65f6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u544a\u8bc9 man \u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      2.4 \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u540c\u540d\u624b\u518c\u9875<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># man -a printf<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      -a \u4f1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684\u624b\u518c\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u9875\u9762\u540e，man \u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6253\u5f00\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      2.5 \u6839\u636e\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u641c\u7d22\u624b\u518c<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># man -k copy<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u5305\u542b copy \u7684\u76f8\u5173\u624b\u518c\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      man -k \u7684\u6548\u679c\u901a\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c：<\/p>\n

                                      apropos<\/span> copy<\/p>\n

                                      \u5982\u679c\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48，\u5374\u60f3\u4e0d\u8d77\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      2.6 \u67e5\u770b man \u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u624b\u518c<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># man man<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5b66\u4e60 Linux \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u601d\u8def：<\/p>\n

                                      \u60f3\u77e5\u9053 man \u600e\u4e48\u7528，\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528 man \u67e5\u770b man\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      2.7 \u5176\u4ed6\u5e2e\u52a9\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h4>\n

                                      \u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u5165 man\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u8bb8\u591a\u547d\u4ee4\u652f\u6301：<\/p>\n

                                      \u547d\u4ee4 –help<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># cp –help<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      Bash \u5185\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># help cd<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5e38\u89c1\u5e2e\u52a9\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

                                      man \u547d\u4ee4 \u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c
                                      \n\u547d\u4ee4 –help \u67e5\u770b\u7b80\u8981\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e
                                      \nhelp \u5185\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4 \u67e5\u770b Bash \u5185\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4
                                      \nman -k \u5173\u952e\u5b57 \u6839\u636e\u529f\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0\u641c\u7d22\u624b\u518c<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u4e09\u3001cp：\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n

                                      cp \u662f：<\/p>\n

                                      copy<\/p>\n

                                      \u7684\u7f29\u5199，\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      3.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

                                      cp<\/span> [<\/span>\u9009\u9879]<\/span> \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6 \u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/p>\n

                                      \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u590d\u5236\u591a\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      cp<\/span> [<\/span>\u9009\u9879]<\/span> \u6e90\u6587\u4ef61 \u6e90\u6587\u4ef62 \u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

                                      \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f：<\/p>\n

                                      \u5f53\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6，\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      3.2 \u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      \u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># echo "hello Linux" > source.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5bb9：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat source.txt<\/span>
                                      \nhello Linux<\/p>\n

                                      \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp source.txt backup.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># ls -l<\/span>
                                      \n-rw-r–r– 1<\/span> root root 12<\/span> Jul 31<\/span> 20<\/span>:10 backup.txt
                                      \n-rw-r–r– 1<\/span> root root 12<\/span> Jul 31<\/span> 20<\/span>:10 source.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u526f\u672c\u5185\u5bb9：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat backup.txt<\/span>
                                      \nhello Linux<\/p>\n

                                      \u6b64\u65f6：<\/p>\n

                                      source.txt：\u539f\u6587\u4ef6
                                      \nbackup.txt：\u65b0\u590d\u5236\u51fa\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

                                      \u4fee\u6539\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      3.3 \u590d\u5236\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n

                                      \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mkdir backup<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp source.txt backup\/<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># ls backup<\/span>
                                      \nsource.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8，\u53ea\u662f\u590d\u5236\u5230\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      3.4 \u590d\u5236\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp source.txt backup\/source_copy.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># ls backup<\/span>
                                      \nsource.txt source_copy.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u590d\u5236\u548c\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      3.5 \u4e00\u6b21\u590d\u5236\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      \u521b\u5efa\u51e0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># touch main.cpp test.cpp README.md<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5168\u90e8\u590d\u5236\u5230 backup：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp main.cpp test.cpp README.md backup\/<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      3.6 \u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u590d\u5236<\/h4>\n

                                      \u590d\u5236\u6240\u6709 .cpp \u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp *.cpp backup\/<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684：<\/p>\n

                                      *<\/p>\n

                                      \u662f Shell \u901a\u914d\u7b26，\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u56e0\u6b64：<\/p>\n

                                      *.cpp<\/p>\n

                                      \u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d：<\/p>\n

                                      main.cpp
                                      \ntest.cpp
                                      \nserver.cpp<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5339\u914d：<\/p>\n

                                      README.md
                                      \nmain.c<\/p>\n

                                      \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f，\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u901a\u5e38\u7531 Shell \u5148\u5c55\u5f00，\u518d\u628a\u5c55\u5f00\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4ea4\u7ed9 cp\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      ls<\/span> *.cpp<\/p>\n

                                      \u786e\u8ba4\u5339\u914d\u7ed3\u679c，\u518d\u6267\u884c\u590d\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      3.7 \u8986\u76d6\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      \u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp source.txt backup.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6765\u7684 backup.txt\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u65e0\u610f\u8986\u76d6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp -i source.txt backup.txt<\/span>
                                      \ncp: overwrite 'backup.txt'<\/span>? <\/p>\n

                                      \u8f93\u5165 y \u624d\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      3.8 \u9012\u5f52\u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n

                                      \u666e\u901a cp \u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp project project_backup<\/span>
                                      \ncp: -r<\/span> not specified;<\/span> omitting directory 'project'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 -r：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp -r project project_backup<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5982\u679c project_backup \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728，\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u526f\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># tree project_backup<\/span>
                                      \nproject_backup
                                      \n\u2514\u2500\u2500 src
                                      \n \u2514\u2500\u2500 main.cpp<\/p>\n

                                      3.9 \u4f7f\u7528\u5f52\u6863\u6a21\u5f0f\u590d\u5236<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp -a project project_backup<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      -a \u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5f52\u6863\u590d\u5236，\u9002\u5408\u5b8c\u6574\u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u4f1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u7559：<\/p>\n

                                      \u6743\u9650
                                      \n\u65f6\u95f4\u6233
                                      \n\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5
                                      \n\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784
                                      \n\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n

                                      \u666e\u901a\u5b66\u4e60\u573a\u666f\u4e2d：<\/p>\n

                                      cp -r：\u9012\u5f52\u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55
                                      \ncp -a：\u66f4\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u4fdd\u7559\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n

                                      3.10 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/h4>\n\n\u9009\u9879\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      -i<\/td>\n\u8986\u76d6\u524d\u8be2\u95ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      -r\u3001-R<\/td>\n\u9012\u5f52\u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      -a<\/td>\n\u5f52\u6863\u590d\u5236，\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u7559\u5c5e\u6027<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      -f<\/td>\n\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u5f3a\u5236\u8986\u76d6\u76ee\u6807<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      -v<\/td>\n\u663e\u793a\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp -rv project project_backup<\/span>
                                      \n'project'<\/span> –><\/span> 'project_backup'<\/span>
                                      \n'project\/src'<\/span> –><\/span> 'project_backup\/src'<\/span>
                                      \n'project\/src\/main.cpp'<\/span> –><\/span> 'project_backup\/src\/main.cpp'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u56db\u3001mv：\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/h3>\n

                                      mv \u662f：<\/p>\n

                                      move<\/p>\n

                                      \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u9014：<\/p>\n

                                      \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55
                                      \n\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6216\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      4.1 \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/h4>\n

                                      \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># touch old_name.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u91cd\u547d\u540d：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mv old_name.txt new_name.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># ls<\/span>
                                      \nnew_name.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u526f\u672c，\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u6539\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      4.2 \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n

                                      \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mkdir documents<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mv new_name.txt documents\/<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># ls documents<\/span>
                                      \nnew_name.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u539f\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u4e0d\u518d\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      4.3 \u79fb\u52a8\u5e76\u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mv documents\/new_name.txt documents\/note.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\u987a\u4fbf\u6539\u540d：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mv documents\/note.txt backup\/note_backup.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      4.4 \u79fb\u52a8\u6574\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mv project backup\/<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u4e0e cp \u4e0d\u540c，mv \u79fb\u52a8\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0 -r\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u79fb\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u539f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u518d\u5b58\u5728 project，\u5b83\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728：<\/p>\n

                                      backup\/project<\/p>\n

                                      4.5 \u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728<\/h4>\n

                                      \u5982\u679c\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mv source.txt backup.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5e76\u4e14 backup.txt \u5df2\u5b58\u5728，\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mv -i source.txt backup.txt<\/span>
                                      \nmv: overwrite 'backup.txt'<\/span>?<\/p>\n

                                      \u786e\u8ba4\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      4.6 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/h4>\n\n\u9009\u9879\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      -i<\/td>\n\u8986\u76d6\u524d\u8be2\u95ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      -f<\/td>\n\u5f3a\u5236\u79fb\u52a8，\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u5e38\u89c4\u8be2\u95ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      -n<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u8986\u76d6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u6807<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      -v<\/td>\n\u663e\u793a\u79fb\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mv -v note.txt documents\/<\/span>
                                      \nrenamed 'note.txt'<\/span> –><\/span> 'documents\/note.txt'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      4.7 cp \u548c mv \u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h4>\n\n\u64cd\u4f5ccpmv<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      \u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u4fdd\u7559<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559<\/td>\n\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4fdd\u7559<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u662f\u5426\u751f\u6210\u526f\u672c<\/td>\n\u662f<\/td>\n\u5426<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u80fd\u5426\u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/td>\n\u590d\u5236\u65f6\u53ef\u6307\u5b9a\u65b0\u540d\u5b57<\/td>\n\u53ef\u4ee5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981 -r<\/td>\n\u9700\u8981<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u9700\u8981<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                      \n

                                      \u4e94\u3001cat：\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

                                      cat \u662f：<\/p>\n

                                      concatenate<\/p>\n

                                      \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n

                                      \u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9
                                      \n\u8fde\u63a5\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9
                                      \n\u914d\u5408\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u751f\u6210\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

                                      5.1 \u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat source.txt<\/span>
                                      \nhello Linux<\/p>\n

                                      cat \u4f1a\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u9002\u5408\u67e5\u770b：<\/p>\n

                                      \u5185\u5bb9\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6
                                      \n\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801
                                      \n\u5c0f\u578b\u65e5\u5fd7
                                      \n\u7b80\u5355\u6587\u672c<\/p>\n

                                      \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u51e0\u5343\u884c，\u76f4\u63a5 cat \u4f1a\u8ba9\u5185\u5bb9\u8fc5\u901f\u6eda\u8fc7\u5c4f\u5e55，\u6b64\u65f6\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u9762\u7684 less\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      5.2 \u540c\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat file1.txt file2.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      cat \u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u53c2\u6570\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u8f93\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat file1.txt<\/span>
                                      \nfirst
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat file2.txt<\/span>
                                      \nsecond
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat file1.txt file2.txt<\/span>
                                      \nfirst
                                      \nsecond<\/p>\n

                                      5.3 \u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f16\u53f7<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat -n source.txt<\/span>
                                      \n 1<\/span> hello Linux<\/p>\n

                                      -n \u4f1a\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u7f16\u53f7，\u5305\u62ec\u7a7a\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      5.4 \u53ea\u7ed9\u975e\u7a7a\u884c\u7f16\u53f7<\/h4>\n

                                      \u5047\u8bbe\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

                                      first<\/p>\n

                                      second<\/p>\n

                                      \u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat -b text.txt<\/span>
                                      \n 1<\/span> first<\/p>\n

                                      2<\/span> second<\/p>\n

                                      -b \u53ea\u7ed9\u975e\u7a7a\u884c\u7f16\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      5.5 \u538b\u7f29\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u884c<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat -s text.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      -s \u4f1a\u628a\u591a\u884c\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u884c\u538b\u7f29\u6210\u4e00\u884c\u7a7a\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f，\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u5168\u90e8\u7a7a\u884c，\u53ea\u4f1a\u628a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7a7a\u884c\u5408\u5e76\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      5.6 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/h4>\n\n\u9009\u9879\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                      -n<\/td>\n\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u7f16\u53f7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      -b<\/td>\n\u53ea\u4e3a\u975e\u7a7a\u884c\u7f16\u53f7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      -s<\/td>\n\u538b\u7f29\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      5.7 cat \u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      cat \u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6，\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      vim
                                      \nnano
                                      \n\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/p>\n

                                      \u540e\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60 Vim \u65f6，\u518d\u4e13\u95e8\u8bb2\u89e3\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u516d\u3001\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411：\u628a\u8f93\u51fa\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

                                      \u524d\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7：<\/p>\n

                                      echo<\/span> "hello Linux"<\/span> ><\/span> source.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684：<\/p>\n

                                      ><\/p>\n

                                      \u53eb\u505a\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b26\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      6.1 \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa<\/h4>\n

                                      \u547d\u4ee4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u628a\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># echo "hello Linux"<\/span>
                                      \nhello Linux<\/p>\n

                                      \u628a\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># echo "hello Linux" > output.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u4e0d\u518d\u663e\u793a hello Linux，\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u5199\u8fdb\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat output.txt<\/span>
                                      \nhello Linux<\/p>\n

                                      6.2 > \u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># echo "first" > output.txt<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># echo "second" > output.txt<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat output.txt<\/span>
                                      \nsecond<\/p>\n

                                      \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528 > \u65f6，\u539f\u6765\u7684 first \u88ab\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      6.3 >> \u4f1a\u8ffd\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># echo "first" > output.txt<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># echo "second" >> output.txt<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cat output.txt<\/span>
                                      \nfirst
                                      \nsecond<\/p>\n

                                      \u533a\u522b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

                                      > \u8986\u76d6\u5199\u5165
                                      \n>> \u8ffd\u52a0\u5199\u5165<\/p>\n

                                      6.4 \u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u751f\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      \u4e0b\u9762\u751f\u6210 200 \u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># for i in $(seq 1 200); do echo "line $i"; done > lines.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u884c\u6570：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># wc -l lines.txt<\/span>
                                      \n200<\/span> lines.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5 more\u3001less\u3001head \u548c tail\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u4e03\u3001more：\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

                                      \u5f53\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5f88\u591a\u65f6，\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      cat<\/span> lines.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u8fc5\u901f\u6eda\u52a8\u8fc7\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      more \u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u9875\u663e\u793a\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      7.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

                                      more<\/span> [<\/span>\u9009\u9879]<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># more lines.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u663e\u793a\u4e00\u9875\u540e，\u5e95\u90e8\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0：<\/p>\n

                                      –More–(10%)<\/p>\n

                                      7.2 \u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n\n\u6309\u952e\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      Space<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u4e00\u9875<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      Enter<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0b\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      b<\/td>\n\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5411\u4e0a\u7ffb\u4e00\u9875<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \/\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/td>\n\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      q<\/td>\n\u9000\u51fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      \u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684 more \u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      7.3 \u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u9875\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># more -10 lines.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u6b21\u6309\u6307\u5b9a\u884c\u6570\u5206\u9875\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      7.4 more \u7684\u5c40\u9650<\/h4>\n

                                      more \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u57fa\u7840，\u5411\u524d\u7ffb\u9875\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u5982 less \u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d，\u66f4\u63a8\u8350：<\/p>\n

                                      less<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u516b\u3001less：\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u6d4f\u89c8\u957f\u6587\u672c<\/h3>\n

                                      less \u548c more \u90fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u672c，\u4f46 less \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u5b8c\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u652f\u6301：<\/p>\n

                                      \u5411\u524d\u7ffb\u9875
                                      \n\u5411\u540e\u7ffb\u9875
                                      \n\u4e0a\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22
                                      \n\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7
                                      \n\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8f6c
                                      \n\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4e00\u6b21\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6574\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

                                      8.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

                                      less<\/span> [<\/span>\u9009\u9879]<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># less lines.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      8.2 \u5e38\u7528\u6309\u952e<\/h4>\n\n\u6309\u952e\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      Space\u3001PageDown<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u9875<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      b\u3001PageUp<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0a\u7ffb\u9875<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      j\u3001\u65b9\u5411\u952e\u4e0b<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0b\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      k\u3001\u65b9\u5411\u952e\u4e0a<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0a\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      g<\/td>\n\u8df3\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      G<\/td>\n\u8df3\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \/\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      ?\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0a\u641c\u7d22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      n<\/td>\n\u91cd\u590d\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u5411<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      N<\/td>\n\u53cd\u5411\u91cd\u590d\u641c\u7d22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      q<\/td>\n\u9000\u51fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      8.3 \u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># less -N lines.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      -N \u4f1a\u5728\u5de6\u4fa7\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      8.4 \u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># less -i application.log<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      -i \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199，\u4f46\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u8fd8\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u641c\u7d22\u5185\u5bb9\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      8.5 more \u548c less \u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u9879moreless<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      \u5411\u4e0b\u6d4f\u89c8<\/td>\n\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u5411\u4e0a\u6d4f\u89c8<\/td>\n\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650<\/td>\n\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u641c\u7d22<\/td>\n\u57fa\u7840\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n\u652f\u6301\u4e0a\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u8df3\u5230\u5f00\u5934\u548c\u672b\u5c3e<\/td>\n\u80fd\u529b\u8f83\u5f31<\/td>\n\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u67e5\u770b<\/td>\n\u53ef\u4ee5<\/td>\n\u66f4\u9002\u5408<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387<\/td>\n\u8f83\u4f4e<\/td>\n\u8f83\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bdd\u8bb0\u5fc6：<\/p>\n

                                      less is more<\/p>\n

                                      \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f less \u867d\u7136\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\u201c\u66f4\u5c11\u201d，\u529f\u80fd\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4 more \u66f4\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u4e5d\u3001head：\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934<\/h3>\n

                                      head \u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      9.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

                                      head<\/span> [<\/span>\u9009\u9879]<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

                                      \u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a\u524d 10 \u884c：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># head lines.txt<\/span>
                                      \nline 1<\/span>
                                      \nline 2<\/span>
                                      \nline 3<\/span>
                                      \nline 4<\/span>
                                      \nline 5<\/span>
                                      \nline 6<\/span>
                                      \nline 7<\/span>
                                      \nline 8<\/span>
                                      \nline 9<\/span>
                                      \nline 10<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      9.2 \u6307\u5b9a\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570<\/h4>\n

                                      \u663e\u793a\u524d 5 \u884c：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># head -n 5 lines.txt<\/span>
                                      \nline 1<\/span>
                                      \nline 2<\/span>
                                      \nline 3<\/span>
                                      \nline 4<\/span>
                                      \nline 5<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5728 GNU\/Linux \u4e2d\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u5199\u6210：<\/p>\n

                                      head<\/span> -5<\/span> lines.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b8c\u6574\u5199\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

                                      head<\/span> -n<\/span> 5<\/span> lines.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u8bed\u4e49\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      9.3 \u5e38\u89c1\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n

                                      head \u5e38\u7528\u4e8e：<\/p>\n

                                      \u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f
                                      \n\u67e5\u770b CSV \u6587\u4ef6\u8868\u5934
                                      \n\u786e\u8ba4\u65e5\u5fd7\u5f00\u5934
                                      \n\u62bd\u6837\u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># head -n 3 users.csv<\/span>
                                      \nid,name,age
                                      \n1<\/span>,Alice,20
                                      \n2<\/span>,Bob,21<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u5341\u3001tail：\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u548c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h3>\n

                                      tail \u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      10.1 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u67e5\u770b\u6700\u540e 10 \u884c<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># tail lines.txt<\/span>
                                      \nline 191<\/span>
                                      \nline 192<\/span>
                                      \nline 193<\/span>
                                      \nline 194<\/span>
                                      \nline 195<\/span>
                                      \nline 196<\/span>
                                      \nline 197<\/span>
                                      \nline 198<\/span>
                                      \nline 199<\/span>
                                      \nline 200<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      10.2 \u6307\u5b9a\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># tail -n 3 lines.txt<\/span>
                                      \nline 198<\/span>
                                      \nline 199<\/span>
                                      \nline 200<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5199\u6210：<\/p>\n

                                      tail<\/span> -3<\/span> lines.txt<\/p>\n

                                      10.3 \u5b9e\u65f6\u8ddf\u8e2a\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># tail -f application.log<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      -f \u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u7b49\u5f85\u6587\u4ef6\u65b0\u589e\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5f53\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u7ec8\u7aef\u4f1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u65b0\u589e\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u9000\u51fa\u8ddf\u8e2a：<\/p>\n

                                      Ctrl + C<\/p>\n

                                      10.4 \u6a21\u62df\u52a8\u6001\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n

                                      \u7ec8\u7aef\u4e00：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># touch application.log<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># tail -f application.log<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u7ec8\u7aef\u4e8c：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># echo "server started" >> application.log<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># echo "new request" >> application.log<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># echo "request finished" >> application.log<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u7ec8\u7aef\u4e00\u4f1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u663e\u793a：<\/p>\n

                                      server started
                                      \nnew request
                                      \nrequest finished<\/p>\n

                                      10.5 tail -F<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># tail -F application.log<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      -F \u9664\u4e86\u6301\u7eed\u8ddf\u8e2a，\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u88ab\u8f6e\u8f6c\u6216\u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u540e\u5c1d\u8bd5\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u957f\u671f\u8ddf\u8e2a\u670d\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7\u65f6，tail -F \u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4 tail -f \u66f4\u7a33\u59a5\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      10.6 head \u548c tail \u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n

                                      head：\u67e5\u770b\u5f00\u5934
                                      \ntail：\u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u5c3e<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a 10 \u884c，\u4e5f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      -n<\/span> \u884c\u6570<\/p>\n

                                      \u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u5341\u4e00\u3001\u7ba1\u9053：\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4ea4\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

                                      \u7ba1\u9053\u7b26\u53f7\u662f：<\/p>\n

                                      |<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u4f1a\u628a\u5de6\u4fa7\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa，\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53f3\u4fa7\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784：<\/p>\n

                                      \u547d\u4ee41 |<\/span> \u547d\u4ee42<\/p>\n

                                      \u6570\u636e\u6d41\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

                                      \u547d\u4ee41
                                      \n \u2193 \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa
                                      \n\u7ba1\u9053 |
                                      \n \u2193 \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165
                                      \n\u547d\u4ee42<\/p>\n

                                      11.1 \u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e00\u6bb5\u884c<\/h4>\n

                                      \u5047\u8bbe\u8981\u67e5\u770b lines.txt \u7684\u7b2c 180～200 \u884c，\u5171 21 \u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5148\u53d6\u524d 200 \u884c：<\/p>\n

                                      head<\/span> -n<\/span> 200<\/span> lines.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u518d\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u53d6\u6700\u540e 21 \u884c：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># head -n 200 lines.txt | tail -n 21<\/span>
                                      \nline 180<\/span>
                                      \nline 181<\/span>
                                      \nline 182<\/span>
                                      \n..<\/span>.
                                      \nline 200<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5b8c\u6574\u903b\u8f91\u662f：<\/p>\n

                                      head \u53d6\u51fa\u7b2c 1～200 \u884c
                                      \n \u2193
                                      \ntail \u4ece\u4e2d\u53d6\u6700\u540e 21 \u884c
                                      \n \u2193
                                      \n\u5f97\u5230\u7b2c 180～200 \u884c<\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u91cc\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u5c11\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u95ed\u533a\u95f4：<\/p>\n

                                      [180, 200]<\/p>\n

                                      \u5305\u542b\u7684\u884c\u6570\u662f：<\/p>\n

                                      200 – 180 + 1 = 21<\/p>\n

                                      \u6240\u4ee5\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      tail<\/span> -n<\/span> 21<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u800c\u4e0d\u662f tail -n 20\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      11.2 \u7edf\u8ba1\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u524d\u51e0\u9879<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># ls -l | head -n 5<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5148\u7531 ls -l \u751f\u6210\u8be6\u7ec6\u5217\u8868，\u518d\u7531 head \u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u524d 5 \u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      11.3 \u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># ls -al | grep '\\\\.txt$'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5de6\u8fb9\u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6，\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b5b\u9009\u4ee5 .txt \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      grep \u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u5355\u72ec\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      11.4 \u7ba1\u9053\u548c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h4>\n

                                      >\u3001>>：\u628a\u8f93\u51fa\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6
                                      \n| ：\u628a\u8f93\u51fa\u4ea4\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      ls<\/span> -al<\/span> ><\/span> files.txt<\/p>\n

                                      \u8868\u793a\u628a\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u800c：<\/p>\n

                                      ls<\/span> -al<\/span> |<\/span> less<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u8868\u793a\u628a\u7ed3\u679c\u4ea4\u7ed9 less \u5206\u9875\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u5341\u4e8c\u3001date：\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4<\/h3>\n

                                      date \u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      12.1 \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># date<\/span>
                                      \nFri Jul 31<\/span> 21<\/span>:00:00 CST 2026<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5b9e\u9645\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230：<\/p>\n

                                      \u7cfb\u7edf\u8bed\u8a00
                                      \n\u65f6\u533a
                                      \n\u53d1\u884c\u7248
                                      \n\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

                                      \u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      12.2 \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f<\/h4>\n

                                      \u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784：<\/p>\n

                                      date<\/span> '+\u683c\u5f0f'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># date '+%Y-%m-%d'<\/span>
                                      \n2026<\/span>-07-31<\/p>\n

                                      \u540c\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'<\/span>
                                      \n2026<\/span>-07-31 21<\/span>:00:00<\/p>\n

                                      \u7531\u4e8e\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7a7a\u683c，\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u53f7\u5305\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      12.3 \u5e38\u89c1\u683c\u5f0f\u7b26<\/h4>\n\n\u683c\u5f0f\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      %Y<\/td>\n\u56db\u4f4d\u5e74\u4efd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      %m<\/td>\n\u6708\u4efd，01～12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      %d<\/td>\n\u65e5\u671f，01～31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      %H<\/td>\n\u5c0f\u65f6，00～23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      %M<\/td>\n\u5206\u949f，00～59<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      %S<\/td>\n\u79d2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      %F<\/td>\n\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e %Y-%m-%d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      %T<\/td>\n\u901a\u5e38\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e %H:%M:%S<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      %s<\/td>\nUnix \u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      %X<\/td>\n\u5f53\u524d\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u793a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># date '+%F %T'<\/span>
                                      \n2026<\/span>-07-31 21<\/span>:00:00<\/p>\n

                                      12.4 Unix \u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/h4>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u6233：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># date +%s<\/span>
                                      \n1785502800<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      Unix \u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u793a：<\/p>\n

                                      \u4ece 1970 \u5e74 1 \u6708 1 \u65e5 00:00:00 UTC \u5f00\u59cb\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u79d2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u643a\u5e26\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u540e，\u53ef\u80fd\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      12.5 \u628a\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53ef\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># date -d '@0' '+%F %T'<\/span>
                                      \n1970<\/span>-01-01 08:00:00<\/p>\n

                                      \u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u533a\u662f\u4e1c\u516b\u533a，\u65f6\u95f4\u6233 0 \u53ef\u80fd\u663e\u793a\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

                                      1970-01-01 08:00:00<\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b UTC \u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># date -u -d '@0' '+%F %T'<\/span>
                                      \n1970<\/span>-01-01 00:00:00<\/p>\n

                                      \u8f6c\u6362\u5176\u4ed6\u65f6\u95f4\u6233：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># date -d '@1000000000' '+%F %T'<\/span>
                                      \n2001<\/span>-09-09 09:46:40<\/p>\n

                                      \u5177\u4f53\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u533a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      12.6 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4<\/h4>\n

                                      \u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u6743\u9650\u65f6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      date<\/span> -s<\/span> '2026-07-31 21:00:00'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u4f46\u73b0\u4ee3 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      NTP
                                      \nchrony
                                      \nsystemd-timesyncd<\/p>\n

                                      \u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u81ea\u52a8\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u968f\u610f\u624b\u52a8\u4fee\u6539\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd：<\/p>\n

                                      \u65e5\u5fd7\u987a\u5e8f
                                      \n\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1
                                      \n\u8bc1\u4e66\u9a8c\u8bc1
                                      \n\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1
                                      \n\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

                                      \u56e0\u6b64\u751f\u4ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4e0d\u8981\u968f\u610f\u4f7f\u7528 date -s\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u5341\u4e09\u3001cal：\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5386<\/h3>\n

                                      cal \u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u65e5\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u67d0\u4e9b\u7cbe\u7b80\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4，\u51fa\u73b0 command not found \u65f6，\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5b89\u88c5\u76f8\u5173\u65e5\u5386\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      13.1 \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6708\u4efd<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># cal<\/span>
                                      \n July 2026<\/span>
                                      \nSu Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
                                      \n 1<\/span> 2<\/span> 3<\/span> 4<\/span>
                                      \n 5<\/span> 6<\/span> 7<\/span> 8<\/span> 9<\/span> 10<\/span> 11<\/span>
                                      \n12<\/span> 13<\/span> 14<\/span> 15<\/span> 16<\/span> 17<\/span> 18<\/span>
                                      \n19<\/span> 20<\/span> 21<\/span> 22<\/span> 23<\/span> 24<\/span> 25<\/span>
                                      \n26<\/span> 27<\/span> 28<\/span> 29<\/span> 30<\/span> 31<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      13.2 \u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u5e74\u4efd<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># cal 2026<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u4f1a\u663e\u793a 2026 \u5e74\u5168\u5e74\u7684\u65e5\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      13.3 \u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u6708\u4efd<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># cal 7 2026<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u8868\u793a\u67e5\u770b 2026 \u5e74 7 \u6708\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u53c2\u6570\u987a\u5e8f\u662f：<\/p>\n

                                      \u6708\u4efd \u5e74\u4efd<\/p>\n

                                      13.4 \u67e5\u770b\u76f8\u90bb\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># cal -3<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u663e\u793a：<\/p>\n

                                      \u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708
                                      \n\u5f53\u524d\u6708
                                      \n\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708<\/p>\n

                                      13.5 \u67e5\u770b\u5168\u5e74<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># cal -y<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      -y \u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5e74\u4efd\u7684\u5168\u5e74\u65e5\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      13.6 \u663e\u793a\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u51e0\u5929<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># cal -j<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u666e\u901a\u65e5\u5386\u663e\u793a\u201c\u67d0\u6708\u67d0\u65e5\u201d，\u800c -j \u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u5929\u6570\u7f16\u53f7\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      1 \u6708 1 \u65e5\u662f\u7b2c 1 \u5929
                                      \n2 \u6708 1 \u65e5\u662f\u7b2c 32 \u5929<\/p>\n

                                      \u95f0\u5e74\u548c\u666e\u901a\u5e74\u4efd\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u5341\u56db\u3001find：\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

                                      find \u662f Linux \u4e2d\u529f\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u67e5\u627e\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u4f1a\u5b9e\u9645\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u6811，\u6839\u636e\u6761\u4ef6\u5339\u914d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      14.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

                                      find<\/span> \u8d77\u59cb\u8def\u5f84 \u67e5\u627e\u6761\u4ef6<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982：<\/p>\n

                                      find<\/span> \/root -name<\/span> 'test.c'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u542b\u4e49\u662f：<\/p>\n

                                      \u4ece \/root \u5f00\u59cb
                                      \n\u9012\u5f52\u904d\u5386\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u76ee\u5f55
                                      \n\u67e5\u627e\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a test.c \u7684\u9879\u76ee<\/p>\n

                                      14.2 \u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u67e5\u627e<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root -name 'test.c'<\/span>
                                      \n\/root\/project\/test.c
                                      \n\/root\/project\/old\/test.c<\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709 .cpp \u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root -name '*.cpp'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5efa\u8bae\u7ed9\u901a\u914d\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u52a0\u4e0a\u5f15\u53f7：<\/p>\n

                                      '*.cpp'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5426\u5219 Shell \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728 find \u6267\u884c\u524d\u63d0\u524d\u5c55\u5f00 *\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      14.3 \u5ffd\u7565\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root -iname 'readme.md'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5339\u914d：<\/p>\n

                                      README.md
                                      \nReadme.md
                                      \nreadme.md<\/p>\n

                                      14.4 \u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u67e5\u627e<\/h4>\n

                                      \u53ea\u67e5\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root\/linux_demo -type f<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u53ea\u67e5\u76ee\u5f55：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root\/linux_demo -type d<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5e38\u89c1\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n\n\u7c7b\u578b\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                      f<\/td>\n\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      d<\/td>\n\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      l<\/td>\n\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      \u7ec4\u5408\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u7c7b\u578b：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root\/linux_demo -type f -name '*.txt'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      14.5 \u9650\u5236\u641c\u7d22\u6df1\u5ea6<\/h4>\n

                                      \u53ea\u641c\u7d22\u8d77\u59cb\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c42：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root\/linux_demo -maxdepth 2 -type f<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      -maxdepth \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u5730\u904d\u5386\u8fc7\u6df1\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      14.6 \u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u67e5\u627e<\/h4>\n

                                      \u67e5\u627e\u5927\u4e8e 10 MB \u7684\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root -type f -size +10M<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u627e\u5c0f\u4e8e 1 KB \u7684\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root -type f -size -1k<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5176\u4e2d：<\/p>\n

                                      +：\u5927\u4e8e
                                      \n-：\u5c0f\u4e8e
                                      \nM：MiB \u91cf\u7ea7\u5355\u4f4d
                                      \nk：KiB \u91cf\u7ea7\u5355\u4f4d<\/p>\n

                                      14.7 \u6309\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u67e5\u627e<\/h4>\n

                                      \u67e5\u627e\u6700\u8fd1 7 \u5929\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root -type f -mtime -7<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u627e\u8d85\u8fc7 30 \u5929\u6ca1\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root -type f -mtime +30<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      14.8 \u5bf9\u67e5\u627e\u7ed3\u679c\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># find \/root\/linux_demo -type f -name '*.txt' -exec ls -l — {} \\\\;<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5176\u4e2d：<\/p>\n

                                      {} \u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u627e\u5230\u7684\u6587\u4ef6
                                      \n\\\\; \u8868\u793a -exec \u64cd\u4f5c\u7ed3\u675f<\/p>\n

                                      \u6267\u884c\u5220\u9664\u7b49\u5371\u9669\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d，\u5e94\u5f53\u5148\u53ea\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n

                                      find<\/span> \/root\/linux_demo -type<\/span> f -name<\/span> '*.tmp'<\/span> -print<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u786e\u8ba4\u65e0\u8bef\u540e，\u518d\u8003\u8651\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      14.9 find \u548c\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h4>\n

                                      find \u641c\u7d22\u7684\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e：<\/p>\n

                                      \u540d\u79f0
                                      \n\u7c7b\u578b
                                      \n\u5927\u5c0f
                                      \n\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4
                                      \n\u6743\u9650
                                      \n\u6240\u6709\u8005
                                      \n\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n

                                      \u7b49\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u627e\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u529f\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a，\u4f46\u4ece\u5927\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u8f83\u591a\u78c1\u76d8\u8bbf\u95ee，\u56e0\u6b64\u8d77\u59cb\u8def\u5f84\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u5177\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

                                      find<\/span> \/<\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u904d\u5386\u5927\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55，\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u6743\u9650\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u8f83\u957f\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u5341\u4e94\u3001which：\u67e5\u627e\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8def\u5f84<\/h3>\n

                                      which \u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5f53\u524d PATH \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d，\u67e5\u627e\u67d0\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      15.1 \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># which ls<\/span>
                                      \n\/usr\/bin\/ls<\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b gcc：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># which gcc<\/span>
                                      \n\/usr\/bin\/gcc<\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b python3：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># which python3<\/span>
                                      \n\/usr\/bin\/python3<\/p>\n

                                      \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230，\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u8def\u5f84，\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u975e\u96f6\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      15.2 PATH \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？<\/h4>\n

                                      \u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

                                      ls<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84：<\/p>\n

                                      \/usr\/bin\/ls<\/p>\n

                                      Shell \u4f1a\u6309\u7167 PATH \u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u987a\u5e8f\u5bfb\u627e\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b PATH：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># echo "$PATH"<\/span>
                                      \n\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/root\/bin<\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u5f84\u4f7f\u7528\u5192\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      Shell \u4f1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5：<\/p>\n

                                      \/usr\/local\/sbin\/ls
                                      \n\/usr\/local\/bin\/ls
                                      \n\/usr\/sbin\/ls
                                      \n\/usr\/bin\/ls
                                      \n\/root\/bin\/ls<\/p>\n

                                      \u627e\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u4fbf\u505c\u6b62\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      15.3 which \u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n

                                      \u6709\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f：<\/p>\n

                                      Shell \u5185\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4
                                      \n\u522b\u540d
                                      \nShell \u51fd\u6570
                                      \n\u5916\u90e8\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f8b\u5982 pwd \u901a\u5e38\u65e2\u6709 Bash \u5185\u5efa\u7248\u672c，\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728：<\/p>\n

                                      \/usr\/bin\/pwd<\/p>\n

                                      \u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

                                      which<\/span> pwd<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u53ef\u80fd\u663e\u793a：<\/p>\n

                                      \/usr\/bin\/pwd<\/p>\n

                                      \u4f46\u5f53\u524d Shell \u771f\u6b63\u6267\u884c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4f18\u5148\u662f\u5185\u5efa\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      15.4 \u4f7f\u7528 type \u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u6574\u6765\u6e90<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># type ls<\/span>
                                      \nls<\/span> is aliased to 'ls –color=auto'<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6765\u6e90：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># type -a pwd<\/span>
                                      \npwd<\/span> is a shell builtin<\/span>
                                      \npwd<\/span> is \/usr\/bin\/pwd
                                      \npwd<\/span> is \/bin\/pwd<\/p>\n

                                      \u56e0\u6b64：<\/p>\n

                                      which：\u4e3b\u8981\u67e5\u627e PATH \u4e2d\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f
                                      \ntype ：\u5224\u65ad\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u522b\u540d\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u5185\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

                                      15.5 \u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 command -v<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># command -v gcc<\/span>
                                      \n\/usr\/bin\/gcc<\/p>\n

                                      \u5224\u65ad\u67d0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728：<\/p>\n

                                      if<\/span> command<\/span> -v<\/span> gcc ><\/span>\/dev\/null 2<\/span>><\/span>&1<\/span>;<\/span> then<\/span>
                                      \n echo<\/span> "gcc \u5df2\u5b89\u88c5"<\/span>
                                      \nelse<\/span>
                                      \n echo<\/span> "\u672a\u627e\u5230 gcc"<\/span>
                                      \nfi<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                      command<\/span> -v<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 which\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n

                                      \u5341\u516d\u3001\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e32\u8d77\u6765<\/h3>\n

                                      \u4e0b\u9762\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7ec3\u4e60，\u628a\u672c\u6587\u547d\u4ee4\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      16.1 \u521b\u5efa\u7ec3\u4e60\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># mkdir -p \/root\/linux_demo\/article\/src<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx ~]<\/span># cd \/root\/linux_demo\/article<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u786e\u8ba4\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx article]<\/span># pwd<\/span>
                                      \n\/root\/linux_demo\/article<\/p>\n

                                      16.2 \u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx article]<\/span># for i in $(seq 1 200); do echo "line $i"; done > data.txt<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx article]<\/span># touch src\/main.cpp<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      16.3 \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx article]<\/span># head -n 5 data.txt<\/span>
                                      \nline 1<\/span>
                                      \nline 2<\/span>
                                      \nline 3<\/span>
                                      \nline 4<\/span>
                                      \nline 5<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u5c3e：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx article]<\/span># tail -n 3 data.txt<\/span>
                                      \nline 198<\/span>
                                      \nline 199<\/span>
                                      \nline 200<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u5206\u9875\u6d4f\u89c8：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx article]<\/span># less -N data.txt<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      16.4 \u590d\u5236\u9879\u76ee<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx article]<\/span># cd ..<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># cp -a article article_backup<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># find article_backup -maxdepth 3<\/span>
                                      \narticle_backup
                                      \narticle_backup\/data.txt
                                      \narticle_backup\/src
                                      \narticle_backup\/src\/main.cpp<\/p>\n

                                      16.5 \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mkdir logs<\/span>
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># mv article\/data.txt logs\/data.log<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      16.6 \u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># find . -type f -name '*.cpp'<\/span>
                                      \n.\/article\/src\/main.cpp
                                      \n.\/article_backup\/src\/main.cpp<\/p>\n

                                      16.7 \u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u5e2e\u52a9<\/h4>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># which find<\/span>
                                      \n\/usr\/bin\/find<\/p>\n

                                      \u67e5\u770b\u624b\u518c：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># man find<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      16.8 \u6e05\u7406\u7ec3\u4e60\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n

                                      \u5148\u68c0\u67e5：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># pwd<\/span>
                                      \n\/root\/linux_demo
                                      \n[<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># ls -al<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \u518d\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u5220\u9664：<\/p>\n

                                      [<\/span>root@xxx linux_demo]<\/span># rm -ri article article_backup logs<\/span><\/p>\n

                                      \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                      Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4（\u4e8c）：\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e 🔥 \u661f\u6052\u968f\u98ce：\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u9875\u2744\ufe0f \u4e2a\u4eba\u4e13\u680f：\u300a\u6307\u9488\u5408\u96c6\u300b｜\u300aC\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\u300b｜\u300a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u300b｜\u300a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b｜\u300a\u524d\u7aef\u57fa\u7840\u300b｜ \u300apython\u57fa\u7840\u300b｜ \u300aC\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5165\u571f\u300b｜ \u300aLinux\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e4b\u65c5\u300b \u2728 \u6570\u636e\u5373\u77e5\u8bc6，\u538b\u7f29\u5373<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":88330,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[9099,58,371,43,305,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-88331","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-9099","tag-linux","tag-371","tag-43","tag-305","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nLinux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4（\u4e8c）：\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e 🔥 \u661f\u6052\u968f\u98ce：\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u9875\u2744\ufe0f \u4e2a\u4eba\u4e13\u680f：\u300a\u6307\u9488\u5408\u96c6\u300b｜\u300aC\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\u300b｜\u300a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u300b｜\u300a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b｜\u300a\u524d\u7aef\u57fa\u7840\u300b｜ \u300apython\u57fa\u7840\u300b｜ \u300aC\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5165\u571f\u300b｜ \u300aLinux\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e4b\u65c5\u300b \u2728 \u6570\u636e\u5373\u77e5\u8bc6，\u538b\u7f29\u5373\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-31T14:48:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260731144829-6a6cb5bd7f0ec.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html\",\"name\":\"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-31T14:48:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-31T14:48:30+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9875\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/\",\"name\":\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\",\"description\":\"\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668_\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u8baf_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6559\u7a0b\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/wp.wsisp.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/author\/admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","og_description":"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4（\u4e8c）：\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e 🔥 \u661f\u6052\u968f\u98ce：\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u9875\u2744\ufe0f \u4e2a\u4eba\u4e13\u680f：\u300a\u6307\u9488\u5408\u96c6\u300b｜\u300aC\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\u300b｜\u300a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u300b｜\u300a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b｜\u300a\u524d\u7aef\u57fa\u7840\u300b｜ \u300apython\u57fa\u7840\u300b｜ \u300aC\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5165\u571f\u300b｜ \u300aLinux\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e4b\u65c5\u300b \u2728 \u6570\u636e\u5373\u77e5\u8bc6，\u538b\u7f29\u5373","og_url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html","og_site_name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","article_published_time":"2026-07-31T14:48:30+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260731144829-6a6cb5bd7f0ec.png"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u4f5c\u8005":"admin","\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4":"13 \u5206"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html","name":"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-07-31T14:48:30+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-31T14:48:30+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/88331.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Linux \u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/","name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","description":"\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668_\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u8baf_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6559\u7a0b","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","contentUrl":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/wp.wsisp.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/author\/admin"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88331","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88331"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88331\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88330"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88331"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88331"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=88331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}