{"id":87701,"date":"2026-07-30T18:16:32","date_gmt":"2026-07-30T10:16:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/87701.html"},"modified":"2026-07-30T18:16:32","modified_gmt":"2026-07-30T10:16:32","slug":"python-%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97%e6%90%9c%e7%b4%a2%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6sys-path%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3%e4%b8%8e-anaconda%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83-%e4%be%9d%e8%b5%96%e5%86%b2%e7%aa%81%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/87701.html","title":{"rendered":"Python \u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u673a\u5236(sys.path)\u8be6\u89e3\u4e0e Anaconda\u73af\u5883 \u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"

Python \u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u673a\u5236(sys.path)\u8be6\u89e3\u4e0e Anaconda\u73af\u5883 \u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 Anaconda \u7ba1\u7406 Python \u73af\u5883\u4f9d\u8d56\u65f6，\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5：\u660e\u660e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883，\u4e5f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7528 pip \u6216 conda \u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5305，\u4f46\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u5374\u62a5 ModuleNotFoundError，\u6216\u8005\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u7adf\u7136\u662f base \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u5305？<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u80cc\u540e，\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0e Python \u7684\u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u673a\u5236 \u2014\u2014 \u5c24\u5176\u662f sys.path \u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u987a\u5e8f \u2014\u2014 \u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u5256\u6790 Python \u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u673a\u5236\u7684\u539f\u7406，\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408 Anaconda \u73af\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f，\u7ed9\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001Python \u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u673a\u5236：sys.path \u8be6\u89e3<\/h3>\n

1.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f sys.path？<\/h4>\n

\u5f53\u4f60\u5199\u4e0b import xxx \u65f6，Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u6587\u4ef6（.py\u3001.pyc \u6216\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\u5939）\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u67e5\u627e\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868\u201d\u5c31\u662f sys.path\u3002<\/p>\n

sys.path \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7684 Python \u5217\u8868，\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u987a\u5e8f\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u2014\u2014Python \u4f1a\u6309\u5217\u8868\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u67e5\u627e，\u627e\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u540e\u5c31\u505c\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84：<\/p>\n

import<\/span> sys
\nfor<\/span> path in<\/span> sys.<\/span>path:<\/span>
\n print<\/span>(<\/span>path)<\/span><\/p>\n

1.2 sys.path \u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u987a\u5e8f<\/h4>\n

Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u65f6，sys.path \u4f1a\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u586b\u5145：<\/p>\n\n\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8def\u5f84\u6765\u6e90\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6700\u9ad8<\/td>\n\u5f53\u524d\u811a\u672c\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55（\u6216\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55）<\/td>\n\u6267\u884c python script.py \u65f6，\u7b2c\u4e00\u9879\u4e3a\u811a\u672c\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55；\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f shell \u6216 -c \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6，\u7b2c\u4e00\u9879\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32（\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9ad8<\/td>\nPYTHONPATH \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/td>\n\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5217\u8868，\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e2d<\/td>\nsite-packages \u76ee\u5f55\u53ca .pth \u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\npip\/conda \u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6700\u4f4e<\/td>\nPython \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u8def\u5f84<\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

1.3 \u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n

\u4e00\u6b21\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165，\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9636\u6bb5：<\/p>\n

  • \u7f13\u5b58\u68c0\u67e5：\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u9996\u5148\u67e5\u8be2 sys.modules \u7f13\u5b58，\u5982\u679c\u6a21\u5757\u5df2\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de，\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5143\u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u627e：\u82e5\u7f13\u5b58\u672a\u547d\u4e2d，\u904d\u5386 sys.meta_path \u4e2d\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u5668（finder）\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u67e5\u627e\u5668\u5305\u62ec：\u5185\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u67e5\u627e\u5668 \u2192 \u51bb\u7ed3\u6a21\u5757\u67e5\u627e\u5668 \u2192 \u57fa\u4e8e sys.path \u7684\u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u627e\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8def\u5f84\u641c\u7d22：\u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u627e\u5668\u904d\u5386 sys.path \u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55，\u5bfb\u627e\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u52a0\u8f7d\u6267\u884c：\u627e\u5230\u6a21\u5757\u540e，\u7531\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668（loader）\u8d1f\u8d23\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u6a21\u5757\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n

    1.4 \u52a8\u6001\u4fee\u6539 sys.path \u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h4>\n

    \u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7 sys.path.append() \u6216 sys.path.insert() \u52a8\u6001\u6dfb\u52a0\u8def\u5f84，\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e34\u65f6\u8c03\u8bd5，\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528，\u5e94\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5305\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u66f4\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • PYTHONPATH \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf：\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u522b\u914d\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n
    • .pth \u6587\u4ef6：\u5728 site-packages \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa .pth \u6587\u4ef6，\u6bcf\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84，Python \u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u5176\u52a0\u5165 sys.path<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u4e8c\u3001Anaconda \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81：\u95ee\u9898\u6839\u6e90<\/h3>\n

      2.1 \u5178\u578b\u95ee\u9898\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n

      \u5728\u4f7f\u7528 Anaconda \u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a Python \u73af\u5883\u65f6，\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u573a\u666f\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n

    • \n

      \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e，\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u5374\u662f base \u73af\u5883\u7684\u5305：\u660e\u660e conda activate my_env \u6210\u529f\u4e86，\u4f46 import some_package \u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5374\u662f base \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      pip \u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u73af\u5883：\u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6267\u884c pip install，\u5305\u5374\u88ab\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u4e86 base \u73af\u5883\u7684 site-packages \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u95f4\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u76f8\u4e92\u6c61\u67d3：base \u73af\u5883\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684 sys.path \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2.2 \u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n

      \u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6839\u6e90，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762：<\/p>\n

      （1）PYTHONPATH \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u201c\u9057\u6bd2\u201d<\/p>\n

      \u5982\u679c\u5728 ~\/.bashrc \u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 PYTHONPATH，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u4f1a\u88ab\u6240\u6709 Python \u73af\u5883\u7ee7\u627f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e PYTHONPATH \u5728 sys.path \u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5f88\u9ad8（\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55），\u5b83\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6240\u6709\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u90fd\u4f18\u5148\u4ece\u8be5\u8def\u5f84\u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u5757，\u4ece\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7248\u672c\u6df7\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5173\u952e\u70b9：Conda \u5b98\u65b9\u63a8\u8350\u5728 conda \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528 PYTHONPATH，\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u73af\u5883\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

      （2）pip install –user \u7684\u5e72\u6270<\/p>\n

      \u4f7f\u7528 pip install –user \u4f1a\u5c06\u5305\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u7684 site-packages \u76ee\u5f55（\u5982 ~\/.local\/lib\/python3.x\/site-packages）\u3002\u7531\u4e8e site \u6a21\u5757\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u4f1a\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u7ea7 site-packages \u8ffd\u52a0\u5230 sys.path \u4e2d，\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6240\u6709\u73af\u5883\u90fd\u201c\u770b\u5230\u201d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u5305，\u9020\u6210\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n

      （3）PYTHONHOME \u7684\u9519\u8bef\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n

      PYTHONHOME \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8 Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u67e5\u627e\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 PYTHONHOME，\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165\u6df7\u4e71，\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f pip \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

      （4）Conda \u73af\u5883\u4e0e pip \u7684\u201c\u6469\u64e6\u201d<\/p>\n

      \u5f53\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 conda \u73af\u5883\u65f6，Anaconda \u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 pip \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u65b0\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684 pip \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u201c\u60ef\u6027\u201d\u5730\u6307\u5411 base \u73af\u5883\u7684 site-packages\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6267\u884c pip install \u65f6，\u5305\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4e09\u3001\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n

      3.1 \u8bca\u65ad\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n

      \u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u524d，\u9996\u5148\u8981\u51c6\u786e\u8bca\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898：
      \n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728 Anaconda Prompt \u4e2d\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

      \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8def\u5f84：<\/p>\n

      # Linux\/macOS<\/span>
      \nwhich<\/span> python
      \n# Windows<\/span>
      \nwhere python<\/p>\n

      \u786e\u4fdd\u8f93\u51fa\u8def\u5f84\u6307\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684 conda \u73af\u5883\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u67e5\u770b sys.path \u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5185\u5bb9：<\/p>\n

      python -c<\/span> "import sys; print('\\\\n<\/span>'.join(sys.path))"<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u68c0\u67e5\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u975e\u9884\u671f\u8def\u5f84（\u5982 base \u73af\u5883\u7684 site-packages\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf Python \u8def\u5f84\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7ea7 site-packages \u7b49）\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u67e5\u770b PYTHONPATH \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf：<\/p>\n

      echo<\/span> $PYTHONPATH<\/span> # Linux\/macOS<\/span>
      \necho<\/span> %PYTHONPATH% # Windows<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684 pip \u6307\u5411：<\/p>\n

      where pip # \u6216 which pip <\/span>
      \npip -V<\/span> # \u663e\u793a pip \u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5982\u679c pip -V \u663e\u793a\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u662f\u5f53\u524d conda \u73af\u5883\u7684\u8def\u5f84，\u8bf4\u660e pip \u6307\u5411\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

      3.2 \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u6c47\u603b<\/h4>\n

      \u65b9\u6848\u4e00：\u6e05\u7406\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf（\u6700\u4f18\u5148）<\/h5>\n

      \u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u6e05\u7406 PYTHONPATH \u548c PYTHONHOME：<\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u662f\u89e3\u51b3 sys.path \u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

        \u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5（\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728）：
        \n\u6253\u5f00 Anaconda Prompt \u6216 CMD \u8f93\u5165：<\/p>\n

        echo %PYTHONPATH%
        \necho %PYTHONHOME%<\/p>\n

        \u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f %PYTHONPATH%（\u539f\u6837\u8f93\u51fa）\u6216\u7a7a\u767d，\u8bf4\u660e\u5f53\u524d\u7a97\u53e3\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e，\u662f\u5e72\u51c0\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u8def\u5f84（\u5982 C:\\\\Users\\\\YourName\\\\my_packages），\u8bf4\u660e\u88ab\u6c61\u67d3\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u4e34\u65f6\u6e05\u7406（\u4ec5\u5f53\u524d CMD \u7a97\u53e3\u751f\u6548）：
        \n\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

        set PYTHONPATH=
        \nset PYTHONHOME=<\/p>\n

        （\u6ce8\u610f：\u7b49\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u8981\u5199）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u6c38\u4e45\u6e05\u7406（\u63a8\u8350，\u4e00\u52b3\u6c38\u9038）：
        \n\u5728 Windows \u4e2d，\u6c38\u4e45\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u4e2d，\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u5728 CMD \u91cc\u7528 setx \u4e71\u6539（\u5bb9\u6613\u6b8b\u7559\u7a7a\u503c）\u3002\u6700\u7a33\u59a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f：<\/p>\n

      • \u6309 Win + R，\u8f93\u5165 sysdm.cpl \u5e76\u56de\u8f66\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u70b9\u51fb \u201c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u201d \u9009\u9879\u5361 \u2192 \u201c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u5728 \u201c\u7528\u6237\u53d8\u91cf\u201d \u548c \u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\u201d \u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u4e2d，\u9010\u4e00\u70b9\u51fb PYTHONPATH \u548c PYTHONHOME，\u7136\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u5220\u9664\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u70b9\u51fb\u786e\u5b9a\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 CMD \/ Anaconda Prompt \u7a97\u53e3，\u5220\u9664\u624d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \u65b9\u6848\u4e8c：\u6e05\u7406\u7528\u6237\u7ea7 site-packages(\u5904\u7406 pip –user \u540e\u9057\u75c7)<\/h5>\n

        \u5982\u679c\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7 pip install –user，\u7528\u6237\u7ea7 site-packages \u4e2d\u7684\u5305\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6c61\u67d3\u6240\u6709\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n

          \u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5（\u627e\u51fa\u6c61\u67d3\u6e90\u4f4d\u7f6e）：
          \n\u5728 Anaconda Prompt \u4e2d\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

          python -m site –user-site<\/p>\n

          \u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u8f93\u51fa\u8def\u5f84\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u542b AppData\\\\Roaming\\\\Python\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u4f60\u5e76\u4e0d\u60f3\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305（\u5982 numpy\u3001pandas），\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u6c61\u67d3\u4e86\u4f60\u7684 conda \u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/p>\n

        • \u590d\u5236\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u8def\u5f84，\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939（\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5220\u6389\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58）\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u53ea\u5220\u9664\u91cc\u9762\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\u5939（\u5982 numpy\u3001scipy \u6587\u4ef6\u5939）\u548c .dist-info \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5206\u4e0d\u6e05\u54ea\u4e9b\u8be5\u5220，\u6700\u4fdd\u9669\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a site-packages \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cd\u547d\u540d（\u4f8b\u5982\u6539\u6210 site-packages_backup）\u3002\u8fd9\u6837 Python \u5c31\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5b83\u4e86，\u5982\u679c\u540e\u7eed\u53d1\u73b0\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898，\u518d\u5f7b\u5e95\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u65b9\u6848\u4e09：\u5728 Conda \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528 pip<\/h5>\n

          \u4e0d\u8981\u6df7\u7528 conda install \u548c pip install \u5b89\u88c5\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c，\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e4e\u5fc5\u7136\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u63a8\u8350\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f：<\/p>\n

        • \u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 conda install（conda \u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u6790\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u4f9d\u8d56）<\/li>\n
        • \u5982\u679c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528 pip，\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684 conda \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6267\u884c，\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 –user \u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n
        • \u4f7f\u7528 environment.yml \u6587\u4ef6\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u73af\u5883\u4f9d\u8d56<\/li>\n

          \u9a8c\u8bc1 pip \u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u6307\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883：<\/p>\n

          # \u5728\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684 conda \u73af\u5883\u4e2d<\/span>
          \npip -V<\/span>
          \n# \u5e94\u8be5\u663e\u793a\u7c7b\u4f3c：<\/span>
          \n# pip 23.x from \/path\/to\/anaconda3\/envs\/my_env\/lib\/python3.x\/site-packages\/pip<\/span><\/p>\n

          \u5982\u679c pip \u6307\u5411\u9519\u8bef，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5：<\/p>\n

          # \u5728\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5 pip<\/span>
          \nconda install<\/span> pip
          \n# \u6216<\/span>
          \npython -m<\/span> pip install<\/span> –upgrade<\/span> pip<\/p>\n

          \u65b9\u6848\u56db：\u4f7f\u7528 .pth \u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u5f84(Windows \u8def\u5f84\u5199\u6cd5)<\/h5>\n

          \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u76ee\u5f55\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5165\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84，\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 .pth \u6587\u4ef6\u800c\u4e0d\u662f PYTHONPATH：<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \n

            \u8fdb\u5165 site-packages \u76ee\u5f55：
            \n\u5728 CMD \u4e2d，\u5229\u7528 Python \u52a8\u6001\u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165（\u6ce8\u610f Windows \u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528 for \u547d\u4ee4）：<\/p>\n

            for \/f "delims=" %i in ('python -c "import site; print(site.getsitepackages()[0])"') do cd "%i"<\/p>\n

            （\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7528\u7684\u662f PowerShell，\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a：cd $(python -c "import site; print(site.getsitepackages()[0])")）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            \u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c：
            \n\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a .pth \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6ce8\u610f Windows \u8def\u5f84\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u53cd\u659c\u6760 \\\\\\\\ \u6216\u6b63\u659c\u6760 \/\u3002<\/p>\n

            echo C:\/path\/to\/your\/custom\/modules > my_custom_paths.pth<\/p>\n

            （\u8bf7\u5c06 C:\/path\/to\/your\/custom\/modules \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4f60\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u8def\u5f84）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u8fd9\u6837，\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u5f84\u53ea\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u751f\u6548，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6c61\u67d3\u5176\u4ed6\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u65b9\u6848\u4e94：\u4f7f\u7528 conda develop \u547d\u4ee4（\u63a8\u8350）<\/h5>\n

            Conda \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 conda develop \u547d\u4ee4，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u7684 sys.path \u4e2d：<\/p>\n

            conda develop \/path\/to\/your\/project<\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u7684 site-packages \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a .pth \u6587\u4ef6，\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u5f00\u53d1\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u65b9\u6848\u516d：\u91cd\u5efa\u73af\u5883（\u7ec8\u6781\u65b9\u6848）<\/h5>\n

            \u5982\u679c\u73af\u5883\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4e25\u91cd\u6c61\u67d3，\u6700\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u91cd\u5efa\u73af\u5883：<\/p>\n

            # \u5bfc\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5217\u8868（\u4ec5 conda \u5305）<\/span>
            \nconda env<\/span> export<\/span> –no-builds ><\/span> environment.yml<\/p>\n

            # \u6216\u5bfc\u51fa\u5305\u542b pip \u5305\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u4f9d\u8d56<\/span>
            \nconda env<\/span> export<\/span> ><\/span> environment_full.yml<\/p>\n

            # \u5220\u9664\u65e7\u73af\u5883<\/span>
            \nconda env<\/span> remove -n<\/span> my_env<\/p>\n

            # \u4ece yml \u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u5efa<\/span>
            \nconda env<\/span> create -f<\/span> environment.yml<\/p>\n

            3.3 \u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd<\/h4>\n
          • \u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e PYTHONPATH：\u8fd9\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u73af\u5883\u9694\u79bb\u5931\u6548\u7684\u5934\u53f7\u5143\u51f6\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528 pip install –user：\u5728 conda \u73af\u5883\u4e2d，\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5e26 –user \u7684 pip install\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u6bcf\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u73af\u5883\u540e，\u7acb\u5373\u9a8c\u8bc1：where python \u548c python -c "import sys; print(sys.path)" \u5e94\u8be5\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u73af\u5883\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u4f7f\u7528 environment.yml \u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56：\u8fd9\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u73af\u5883\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u73b0\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u533a\u5206 conda install \u548c pip install \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f：\u5c3d\u91cf\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528 conda，\u5fc5\u987b\u7528 pip \u65f6\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7248\u672c\u9501\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n

            \u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

            Python \u7684\u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u673a\u5236（sys.path）\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u73af\u5883\u4f9d\u8d56\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5728 Anaconda \u591a\u73af\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d，\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f conda \u672c\u8eab\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u800c\u662f：<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf（PYTHONPATH\u3001PYTHONHOME）\u7684\u201c\u8de8\u73af\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u201d<\/li>\n
            • \u7528\u6237\u7ea7 site-packages \u7684\u5e72\u6270<\/li>\n
            • pip \u5728 conda \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u6307\u5411\u9519\u8bef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u8def\u662f：\u4fdd\u6301\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7eaf\u51c0\u4e0e\u9694\u79bb\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00：<\/p>\n

            • \u6e05\u7406：\u79fb\u9664 PYTHONPATH \u548c PYTHONHOME \u7b49\u5168\u5c40\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/li>\n
            • \u9694\u79bb：\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a conda \u73af\u5883\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 site-packages，\u4e0d\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u8def\u5f84\u5e72\u6270<\/li>\n
            • \u89c4\u8303：\u4f7f\u7528 conda \u6216 pip（\u4e0d\u5e26 –user）\u5728\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u5305<\/li>\n
            • \u9a8c\u8bc1：\u6bcf\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\u901a\u8fc7 sys.path \u68c0\u67e5\u786e\u8ba4\u8def\u5f84\u6b63\u786e<\/li>\n

              \u7406\u89e3 sys.path \u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u673a\u5236，\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u89e3\u51b3\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u95ee\u9898，\u66f4\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u73af\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u505a\u5230\u201c\u77e5\u5176\u7136，\u66f4\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u4ee5\u7136\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Python \u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u673a\u5236(sys.path)\u8be6\u89e3\u4e0e Anaconda\u73af\u5883 \u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848
              \n\u524d\u8a00
              \n\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 Anaconda \u7ba1\u7406 Python \u73af\u5883\u4f9d\u8d56\u65f6，\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5：\u660e\u660e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883，\u4e5f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7528 pip \u6216 conda \u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5305，\u4f46\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u5374\u62a5 ModuleNotFoundError，\u6216\u8005\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u7adf\u7136\u662f base \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u5305？
              \n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u80cc\u540e&#xf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[88,82,81],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-87701","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-conda","tag-pycharm","tag-python"],"yoast_head":"\nPython \u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u673a\u5236(sys.path)\u8be6\u89e3\u4e0e Anaconda\u73af\u5883 \u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/87701.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Python \u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u673a\u5236(sys.path)\u8be6\u89e3\u4e0e Anaconda\u73af\u5883 \u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848 - 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