{"id":86009,"date":"2026-07-28T02:16:58","date_gmt":"2026-07-27T18:16:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/86009.html"},"modified":"2026-07-28T02:16:58","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T18:16:58","slug":"%e3%80%8aspring-ai-%e5%a4%a7%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e5%85%a8%e6%a0%88%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e3%80%8b%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e6%89%8b%e5%86%8c%e7%b3%bb%e5%88%97-%c2%b7-%e4%b8%93%e9%a2%98%e5%9b%9b%ef%bc%9a%e3%80%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/86009.html","title":{"rendered":"\u300aSpring AI + \u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5168\u6808\u5b9e\u6218\u300b\u5b66\u4e60\u624b\u518c\u7cfb\u5217 \u00b7 \u4e13\u9898\u56db\uff1a\u300aOllama \u6a21\u578b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u8c03\u4f18\uff1a\u8ba9 AI \u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4f4e\u914d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6d41\u7545\u8fd0\u884c\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e13\u9898\u56db：\u300aOllama \u6a21\u578b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u8c03\u4f18：\u8ba9 AI \u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4f4e\u914d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6d41\u7545\u8fd0\u884c\u300b<\/h2>\n

📚 \u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7 RAG \u667a\u80fd\u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u6808\u5b9e\u65bd\u6307\u5357<\/h3>\n

\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206：\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u5730\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n
\n

\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0 Ollama \u6982\u8ff0\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf<\/h3>\n

1.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Ollama？<\/h4>\n

Ollama \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0，\u4e13\u4e3a\u7b80\u5316 LLM \u90e8\u7f72\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5b83\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8f7b\u677e\u8fd0\u884c\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 Ollama \u67b6\u6784 \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 API \u63a5\u53e3 \u2192 \u6a21\u578b\u52a0\u8f7d \u2192 \u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce \u2192 \u6d41\u5f0f\u54cd\u5e94 \u2502
\n\u2502 (llama.cpp \u540e\u7aef) \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

1.2 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u62e9 Ollama？<\/h4>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u9879Ollama\u539f\u751f llama.cppHuggingFacevLLM<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u90e8\u7f72\u96be\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6a21\u578b\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n\u4e00\u952e\u62c9\u53d6<\/td>\n\u624b\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/td>\n\u624b\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/td>\n\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316<\/td>\n\u81ea\u52a8\u91cf\u5316<\/td>\n\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
API \u63a5\u53e3<\/td>\nRESTful<\/td>\n\u9700\u81ea\u884c\u5c01\u88c5<\/td>\n\u9700\u81ea\u884c\u5c01\u88c5<\/td>\nRESTful<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u591a\u6a21\u578b\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n100+<\/td>\n\u4f9d\u8d56 GGUF<\/td>\n\u4f9d\u8d56 PyTorch<\/td>\n\u4f9d\u8d56 PyTorch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6001<\/td>\n\u6d3b\u8dc3<\/td>\n\u6d3b\u8dc3<\/td>\n\u6700\u6d3b\u8dc3<\/td>\n\u6d3b\u8dc3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

1.3 Ollama \u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n\n\u7279\u6027\u8bf4\u660e\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
🚀 \u4e00\u952e\u90e8\u7f72<\/td>\nollama pull <model><\/td>\n\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u91cf\u5316\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\n\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece 30 \u5206\u949f\u219230 \u79d2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
📦 \u6a21\u578b\u91cf\u5316<\/td>\nQ4\/Q5\/Q8 \u591a\u79cd\u7cbe\u5ea6<\/td>\nGGUF \u683c\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u964d\u4f4e 50-75%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
🔌 REST API<\/td>\n\u6807\u51c6 HTTP \u63a5\u53e3<\/td>\n\/api\/generate<\/td>\n\u96c6\u6210\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u5347 80%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
🔄 \u6d41\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>\nSSE \u534f\u8bae<\/td>\nstream: true<\/td>\n\u9996\u5b57\u5ef6\u8fdf<500ms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
💾 \u6a21\u578b\u7f13\u5b58<\/td>\n\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8<\/td>\n\u4e8c\u6b21\u52a0\u8f7d\u901f\u5ea6\u63d0\u5347 10 \u500d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
🛡 \u5b89\u5168\u9694\u79bb<\/td>\n\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u8fd0\u884c<\/td>\nDocker \u652f\u6301<\/td>\n\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5c31\u7eea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0 Ollama \u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9e\u6218<\/h3>\n

2.1 Linux \u4e00\u952e\u5b89\u88c5\u811a\u672c<\/h4>\n

#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>
\n# install-ollama.sh<\/span><\/p>\n

echo<\/span> "🚀 \u5f00\u59cb\u5b89\u88c5 Ollama…"<\/span><\/p>\n

# 1. \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u5b98\u65b9\u5b89\u88c5\u811a\u672c<\/span>
\ncurl<\/span> -fsSL<\/span> https:\/\/ollama.com\/install.sh |<\/span> sh<\/span><\/p>\n

# 2. \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/span>
\nollama –version<\/span><\/p>\n

# 3. \u521b\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> systemctl enable<\/span> ollama
\nsudo<\/span> systemctl start ollama<\/p>\n

# 4. \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> systemctl status ollama<\/p>\n

# 5. \u914d\u7f6e\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> systemctl enable<\/span> ollama<\/p>\n

echo<\/span> "\u2705 Ollama \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210！"<\/span>
\necho<\/span> " – \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53e3：11434"<\/span>
\necho<\/span> " – \u6a21\u578b\u76ee\u5f55：~\/.ollama\/models"<\/span>
\necho<\/span> " – \u65e5\u5fd7\u4f4d\u7f6e：journalctl -u ollama"<\/span><\/p>\n

2.2 Docker \u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u6848（\u63a8\u8350\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883）<\/h4>\n

# docker-compose.yml<\/span>
\nservices<\/span>:<\/span>
\n ollama<\/span>:<\/span>
\n container_name<\/span>:<\/span> ollama
\n image<\/span>:<\/span> ollama\/ollama:<\/span>latest
\n ports<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> "11434:11434"<\/span>
\n volumes<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> .\/ollama–<\/span>data:<\/span>\/root\/.ollama
\n –<\/span> .\/models:<\/span>\/models
\n environment<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0
\n –<\/span> OLLAMA_PORT=11434
\n –<\/span> OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE=5m
\n –<\/span> OLLAMA_NUM_THREADS=2
\n –<\/span> OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS=1
\n deploy<\/span>:<\/span>
\n resources<\/span>:<\/span>
\n limits<\/span>:<\/span>
\n memory<\/span>:<\/span> 2G
\n cpus<\/span>:<\/span> '2.0'<\/span>
\n restart<\/span>:<\/span> unless–<\/span>stopped
\n healthcheck<\/span>:<\/span>
\n test<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>"CMD"<\/span>,<\/span> "curl"<\/span>,<\/span> "-f"<\/span>,<\/span> "http:\/\/localhost:11434\/api\/tags"<\/span>]<\/span>
\n interval<\/span>:<\/span> 30s
\n timeout<\/span>:<\/span> 10s
\n retries<\/span>:<\/span> 3<\/span>
\n networks<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> rag–<\/span>network<\/p>\n

networks<\/span>:<\/span>
\n rag-network<\/span>:<\/span>
\n driver<\/span>:<\/span> bridge<\/p>\n

2.3 \u5173\u952e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n\n\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u63a8\u8350\u503c (2C4G)\u8bf4\u660e\u5f71\u54cd<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
OLLAMA_HOST<\/td>\n127.0.0.1<\/td>\n0.0.0.0<\/td>\n\u76d1\u542c\u5730\u5740<\/td>\n\u5141\u8bb8\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
OLLAMA_PORT<\/td>\n11434<\/td>\n11434<\/td>\n\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53e3<\/td>\n\u9632\u706b\u5899\u9700\u653e\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE<\/td>\n5m<\/td>\n5m<\/td>\n\u6a21\u578b\u4fdd\u6301\u65f6\u95f4<\/td>\n\u8d85\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
OLLAMA_NUM_THREADS<\/td>\nCPU \u6838\u5fc3\u6570<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n\u63a8\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570<\/td>\n\u9632\u6b62 CPU \u6ee1\u8f7d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u6700\u5927\u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u578b\u6570<\/td>\n\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
OLLAMA_MODELS<\/td>\n~\/.ollama\/models<\/td>\n\/models<\/td>\n\u6a21\u578b\u5b58\u50a8\u8def\u5f84<\/td>\n\u4fbf\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
OLLAMA_DEBUG<\/td>\nfalse<\/td>\nfalse<\/td>\n\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5173\u95ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.4 30 \u79d2\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f<\/h4>\n

# 1. \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
\ncurl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:11434\/api\/tags<\/p>\n

# 2. \u62c9\u53d6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
\nollama pull qwen2.5:0.5b<\/p>\n

# 3. \u6d4b\u8bd5\u63a8\u7406<\/span>
\nollama run qwen2.5:0.5b "\u4f60\u597d，\u8bf7\u81ea\u6211\u4ecb\u7ecd"<\/span><\/p>\n

# 4. \u6d4b\u8bd5 API \u63a5\u53e3<\/span>
\ncurl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:11434\/api\/generate -d<\/span> '{
\n "model": "qwen2.5:0.5b",
\n "prompt": "\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f RAG \u6280\u672f？",
\n "stream": false
\n}'<\/span> |<\/span> jq '.response'<\/span><\/p>\n

# 5. \u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
\nollama list<\/p>\n

# 6. \u67e5\u770b\u6a21\u578b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
\nollama show qwen2.5:0.5b<\/p>\n

\n

\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0 \u6a21\u578b\u91cf\u5316\u4e0e\u9009\u578b\u6307\u5357<\/h3>\n

3.1 \u91cf\u5316\u6280\u672f\u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n

\u91cf\u5316\u662f\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u6743\u91cd\u4ece\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6（FP32）\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6（INT4\/INT8）\u7684\u6280\u672f，\u53ef\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cf\u5316\u7b49\u7ea7\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h5>\n\n\u91cf\u5316\u7c7b\u578b\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5185\u5b58\u538b\u7f29\u6bd4\u7cbe\u5ea6\u635f\u5931\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u793a\u4f8b (7B \u6a21\u578b)<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
FP32<\/td>\n32 \u4f4d\u6d6e\u70b9<\/td>\n1x<\/td>\n0%<\/td>\n\u8bad\u7ec3\/\u7814\u7a76<\/td>\n28GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FP16<\/td>\n16 \u4f4d\u6d6e\u70b9<\/td>\n2x<\/td>\n<1%<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u63a8\u7406<\/td>\n14GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Q8_0<\/td>\n8 \u4f4d\u6574\u6570<\/td>\n4x<\/td>\n1-2%<\/td>\n\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u63a8\u8350<\/td>\n7GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Q5_K_M<\/td>\n5 \u4f4d\u6df7\u5408<\/td>\n5.5x<\/td>\n2-3%<\/td>\n\u5e73\u8861\u65b9\u6848<\/td>\n5GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Q4_K_M<\/td>\n4 \u4f4d\u6df7\u5408<\/td>\n7x<\/td>\n3-5%<\/td>\n\u4f4e\u914d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u8350<\/td>\n4GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Q3_K_S<\/td>\n3 \u4f4d\u6df7\u5408<\/td>\n9x<\/td>\n5-8%<\/td>\n\u6781\u7aef\u4f4e\u914d<\/td>\n3GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Q2_K<\/td>\n2 \u4f4d\u6df7\u5408<\/td>\n12x<\/td>\n8-12%<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350<\/td>\n2.5GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3.2 Ollama \u6a21\u578b\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219<\/h4>\n

<\u6a21\u578b\u540d>:<\u53c2\u6570\u91cf><\u91cf\u5316\u7248\u672c><\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b：
\n– qwen2.5:0.5b \u2192 Qwen2.5 0.5B \u53c2\u6570，\u9ed8\u8ba4\u91cf\u5316
\n– qwen2.5:1.5b-q4_K_M \u2192 Qwen2.5 1.5B \u53c2\u6570，Q4 \u91cf\u5316
\n– qwen2.5:7b-q8_0 \u2192 Qwen2.5 7B \u53c2\u6570，Q8 \u91cf\u5316
\n– bge-m3:latest \u2192 BGE-M3 Embedding \u6a21\u578b，\u6700\u65b0\u7248<\/p>\n

3.3 2025 \u5e74\u63a8\u8350\u6a21\u578b\u6e05\u5355<\/h4>\n\n\u573a\u666f\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u91cf\u5316\u7248\u672c\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u63a8\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u63a8\u8350\u6307\u6570<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
2C4G \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/td>\nqwen2.5:0.5b<\/td>\n0.5B<\/td>\nQ4_K_M<\/td>\n0.8GB<\/td>\n50 token\/s<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4C8G \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/td>\nqwen2.5:1.5b<\/td>\n1.5B<\/td>\nQ4_K_M<\/td>\n1.6GB<\/td>\n35 token\/s<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8C16G \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/td>\nqwen2.5:7b<\/td>\n7B<\/td>\nQ4_K_M<\/td>\n4.5GB<\/td>\n20 token\/s<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
GPU \u73af\u5883<\/td>\nqwen2.5:7b<\/td>\n7B<\/td>\nFP16<\/td>\n14GB<\/td>\n80 token\/s<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Embedding<\/td>\nbge-m3<\/td>\n567M<\/td>\nQ4_K_M<\/td>\n1.2GB<\/td>\n100 \u53e5\/s<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210<\/td>\ncodellama:7b<\/td>\n7B<\/td>\nQ4_K_M<\/td>\n4.5GB<\/td>\n18 token\/s<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u591a\u8bed\u8a00<\/td>\nllama3.1:8b<\/td>\n8B<\/td>\nQ4_K_M<\/td>\n5.0GB<\/td>\n18 token\/s<\/td>\n\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3.4 \u6a21\u578b\u62c9\u53d6\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n

# 1. \u62c9\u53d6\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
\nollama pull qwen2.5:1.5b<\/p>\n

# 2. \u62c9\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u91cf\u5316\u7248\u672c<\/span>
\nollama pull qwen2.5:1.5b-q4_K_M<\/p>\n

# 3. \u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
\nollama list<\/p>\n

# 4. \u67e5\u770b\u6a21\u578b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
\nollama show qwen2.5:1.5b<\/p>\n

# 5. \u67e5\u770b\u6a21\u578b\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span>
\nls<\/span> -lh<\/span> ~\/.ollama\/models<\/p>\n

# 6. \u5220\u9664\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
\nollama rm<\/span> qwen2.5:1.5b<\/p>\n

# 7. \u590d\u5236\u6a21\u578b（\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7248\u672c）<\/span>
\nollama cp<\/span> qwen2.5:1.5b my-qwen<\/p>\n

# 8. \u5bfc\u51fa\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
\nollama cp<\/span> qwen2.5:1.5b \/backup\/my-model<\/p>\n

# 9. \u6e05\u7406\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
\nollama prune<\/p>\n

\n

\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0 2G \u5185\u5b58\u6781\u9650\u4f18\u5316\u5b9e\u6218<\/h3>\n

4.1 \u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u7b56\u7565（2C4G \u670d\u52a1\u5668）<\/h4>\n

\u26a0\ufe0f \u8b66\u544a：2G \u5185\u5b58\u662f RAG \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684"\u751f\u5b58\u7ebf"，\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u4ea7\u8d1f\u503a\u8868<\/h5>\n\n\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u4f18\u5316\u624b\u6bb5\u98ce\u9669\u7b49\u7ea7<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ollama (LLM)<\/td>\n2.5GB<\/td>\n1.0GB<\/td>\nQ4 \u91cf\u5316 + \u7ebf\u7a0b\u9650\u5236<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ollama (Embed)<\/td>\n1.2GB<\/td>\n0.4GB<\/td>\n\u6362\u7528 bge-small-zh<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Milvus<\/td>\n2.8GB<\/td>\n1.0GB<\/td>\n\u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Spring Boot<\/td>\n0.8GB<\/td>\n0.4GB<\/td>\nJVM \u53c2\u6570\u9650\u5236<\/td>\n🟡 \u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7cfb\u7edf\u9884\u7559<\/td>\n0.7GB<\/td>\n0.2GB<\/td>\n\u5173\u95ed\u5197\u4f59\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n🟡 \u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u603b\u8ba1<\/td>\n8.0GB<\/td>\n3.0GB<\/td>\n\u9700 Swap \u8865\u5145<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

4.2 Swap \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e（\u5fc5\u505a）<\/h4>\n

#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>
\n# setup-swap.sh<\/span><\/p>\n

echo<\/span> "🚀 \u914d\u7f6e Swap \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58…"<\/span><\/p>\n

# 1. \u68c0\u67e5\u73b0\u6709 Swap<\/span>
\nfree<\/span> -h<\/span><\/p>\n

# 2. \u521b\u5efa 4G Swap \u6587\u4ef6（2G \u5185\u5b58\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u8bae 4-8G Swap）<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> fallocate -l<\/span> 4G \/swapfile<\/p>\n

# 3. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650（\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42）<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> chmod<\/span> 600<\/span> \/swapfile<\/p>\n

# 4. \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a Swap<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> mkswap<\/span> \/swapfile<\/p>\n

# 5. \u542f\u7528 Swap<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> swapon<\/span> \/swapfile<\/p>\n

# 6. \u9a8c\u8bc1 Swap<\/span>
\nfree<\/span> -h<\/span><\/p>\n

# 7. \u6c38\u4e45\u751f\u6548（\u5199\u5165 fstab）<\/span>
\necho<\/span> '\/swapfile none swap sw 0 0'<\/span> |<\/span> sudo<\/span> tee<\/span> -a<\/span> \/etc\/fstab<\/p>\n

# 8. \u8c03\u6574 Swap \u4f7f\u7528\u503e\u5411（\u9ed8\u8ba4 60，\u6539\u4e3a 30 \u51cf\u5c11 Swap \u4f7f\u7528）<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> sysctl<\/span> vm.swappiness<\/span>=<\/span>30<\/span>
\necho<\/span> 'vm.swappiness=30'<\/span> |<\/span> sudo<\/span> tee<\/span> -a<\/span> \/etc\/sysctl.conf<\/p>\n

# 9. \u8c03\u6574\u810f\u9875\u56de\u5199\u7b56\u7565<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> sysctl<\/span> vm.dirty_ratio<\/span>=<\/span>10<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> sysctl<\/span> vm.dirty_background_ratio<\/span>=<\/span>5<\/span><\/p>\n

echo<\/span> "\u2705 Swap \u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210！"<\/span>
\necho<\/span> " – Swap \u5927\u5c0f：4GB"<\/span>
\necho<\/span> " – Swappiness: 30（\u51cf\u5c11 Swap \u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387）"<\/span><\/p>\n

4.3 Ollama \u542f\u52a8\u53c2\u6570\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n

# 2C4G \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u8350\u542f\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4<\/span>
\nollama serve \\\\<\/span>
\n –host<\/span> 0.0<\/span>.0.0 \\\\<\/span>
\n –port<\/span> 11434<\/span> \\\\<\/span>
\n –num-gpu 0<\/span> \\\\<\/span>
\n –num-threads 2<\/span> \\\\<\/span>
\n –max-loaded-models 1<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u65b9\u5f0f（\u63a8\u8350 Docker \u4f7f\u7528）<\/span>
\nexport<\/span> OLLAMA_HOST<\/span>=<\/span>0.0<\/span>.0.0
\nexport<\/span> OLLAMA_PORT<\/span>=<\/span>11434<\/span>
\nexport<\/span> OLLAMA_NUM_THREADS<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span>
\nexport<\/span> OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span>
\nexport<\/span> OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE<\/span>=<\/span>5m
\nexport<\/span> OLLAMA_DEBUG<\/span>=<\/span>false<\/p>\n

ollama serve<\/p>\n

4.4 \u6a21\u578b\u52a0\u8f7d\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7<\/h4>\n

# 1. \u9884\u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u5185\u5b58（\u51cf\u5c11\u9996\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u5ef6\u8fdf）<\/span>
\ncurl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:11434\/api\/generate -d<\/span> '{
\n "model": "qwen2.5:0.5b",
\n "prompt": "warmup",
\n "stream": false
\n}'<\/span><\/p>\n

# 2. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6a21\u578b\u4fdd\u6301\u65f6\u95f4（5 \u5206\u949f\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e）<\/span>
\nexport<\/span> OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE<\/span>=<\/span>5m<\/p>\n

# 3. \u9650\u5236\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570（\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa）<\/span>
\n# \u5728 Modelfile \u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
\nPARAMETER num_thread 2<\/span>
\nPARAMETER max_queue 1<\/span><\/p>\n

# 4. \u76d1\u63a7\u6a21\u578b\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528<\/span>
\nwatch<\/span> -n<\/span> 1<\/span> 'ollama ps'<\/span><\/p>\n

# 5. \u624b\u52a8\u5378\u8f7d\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
\ncurl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:11434\/api\/generate -d<\/span> '{
\n "model": "qwen2.5:0.5b",
\n "prompt": "",
\n "keep_alive": 0
\n}'<\/span><\/p>\n

4.5 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u4f18\u5316\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n

#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>
\n# system-optimize.sh<\/span><\/p>\n

echo<\/span> "🚀 \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u4f18\u5316\u914d\u7f6e…"<\/span><\/p>\n

# 1. \u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> systemctl stop bluetooth
\nsudo<\/span> systemctl disable bluetooth
\nsudo<\/span> systemctl stop cups
\nsudo<\/span> systemctl disable cups<\/p>\n

# 2. \u6e05\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> sync<\/span>
\necho<\/span> 3<\/span> |<\/span> sudo<\/span> tee<\/span> \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches<\/p>\n

# 3. \u9650\u5236 Docker \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> mkdir<\/span> -p<\/span> \/etc\/docker
\ncat<\/span> <<<\/span>EOF |<\/span> sudo<\/span> tee<\/span> \/etc\/docker\/daemon.json<\/span>
\n{
\n "max-concurrent-downloads": 3,
\n "log-driver": "json-file",
\n "log-opts": {
\n "max-size": "10m",
\n "max-file": "3"
\n }
\n}
\nEOF<\/span><\/p>\n

# 4. \u91cd\u542f Docker \u670d\u52a1<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> systemctl restart docker<\/span><\/p>\n

# 5. \u6e05\u7406 Docker \u5197\u4f59\u6570\u636e<\/span>
\ndocker<\/span> system prune -af<\/span><\/p>\n

# 6. \u5b89\u88c5\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> apt<\/span> update
\nsudo<\/span> apt<\/span> install<\/span> -y<\/span> htop<\/span> iotop<\/p>\n

# 7. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u9650\u5236<\/span>
\necho<\/span> '* soft nofile 65536'<\/span> |<\/span> sudo<\/span> tee<\/span> -a<\/span> \/etc\/security\/limits.conf
\necho<\/span> '* hard nofile 65536'<\/span> |<\/span> sudo<\/span> tee<\/span> -a<\/span> \/etc\/security\/limits.conf<\/p>\n

echo<\/span> "\u2705 \u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316\u5b8c\u6210！"<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0 \u5b89\u5168\u7ec4\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

5.1 \u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7ec4\u914d\u7f6e（\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\/\u817e\u8baf\u4e91）<\/h4>\n\n\u7aef\u53e3\u534f\u8bae\u65b9\u5411\u6388\u6743\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bf4\u660e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
11434<\/td>\nTCP<\/td>\n\u5165\u7ad9<\/td>\n\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668 IP<\/td>\nOllama API \u7aef\u53e3<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19530<\/td>\nTCP<\/td>\n\u5165\u7ad9<\/td>\n\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668 IP<\/td>\nMilvus \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53e3<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9091<\/td>\nTCP<\/td>\n\u5165\u7ad9<\/td>\n\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668 IP<\/td>\nMilvus \u7ba1\u7406\u7aef\u53e3<\/td>\n🟡 \u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8080<\/td>\nTCP<\/td>\n\u5165\u7ad9<\/td>\n0.0.0.0\/0<\/td>\nSpring Boot \u5e94\u7528<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\nTCP<\/td>\n\u5165\u7ad9<\/td>\n\u7ba1\u7406 IP<\/td>\nSSH \u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3000<\/td>\nTCP<\/td>\n\u5165\u7ad9<\/td>\n\u7ba1\u7406 IP<\/td>\nAttu Web \u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n🟢 \u4f4e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

5.2 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e（UFW）<\/h4>\n

#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>
\n# firewall-setup.sh<\/span><\/p>\n

echo<\/span> "🚀 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899…"<\/span><\/p>\n

# 1. \u5b89\u88c5 UFW（\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5b89\u88c5）<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> apt<\/span> update
\nsudo<\/span> apt<\/span> install<\/span> -y<\/span> ufw<\/p>\n

# 2. \u91cd\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ufw reset<\/p>\n

# 3. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ufw default deny incoming
\nsudo<\/span> ufw default allow outgoing<\/p>\n

# 4. \u5141\u8bb8 SSH（\u9632\u6b62\u88ab\u9501\u5728\u5916\u9762）<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ufw allow 22<\/span>\/tcp<\/p>\n

# 5. \u5141\u8bb8 Ollama \u7aef\u53e3（\u4ec5\u5185\u7f51）<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ufw allow from 192.168<\/span>.1.0\/24 to any port 11434<\/span> proto tcp<\/p>\n

# 6. \u5141\u8bb8 Milvus \u7aef\u53e3（\u4ec5\u5185\u7f51）<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ufw allow from 192.168<\/span>.1.0\/24 to any port 19530<\/span> proto tcp
\nsudo<\/span> ufw allow from 192.168<\/span>.1.0\/24 to any port 9091<\/span> proto tcp<\/p>\n

# 7. \u5141\u8bb8\u5e94\u7528\u7aef\u53e3（\u516c\u7f51）<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ufw allow 8080<\/span>\/tcp<\/p>\n

# 8. \u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ufw enable<\/span><\/p>\n

# 9. \u67e5\u770b\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ufw status verbose<\/p>\n

# 10. \u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> ufw logging on
\nsudo<\/span> tail<\/span> -f<\/span> \/var\/log\/ufw.log<\/p>\n

echo<\/span> "\u2705 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210！"<\/span><\/p>\n

5.3 Nginx \u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u914d\u7f6e（\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u63a8\u8350）<\/h4>\n

# \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/ollama
\nserver {
\n listen 80;
\n server_name api.yourdomain.com;<\/p>\n

# \u9650\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u9891\u7387（\u9632\u6b62 DDoS）
\n limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=ollama:10m rate=10r\/s;<\/p>\n

location \/ {
\n # \u5e94\u7528\u9650\u6d41
\n limit_req zone=ollama burst=20 nodelay;<\/p>\n

# \u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u5230 Ollama
\n proxy_pass http:\/\/127.0.0.1:11434;
\n proxy_http_version 1.1;
\n proxy_set_header Host $host;
\n proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
\n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;<\/p>\n

# SSE \u6d41\u5f0f\u54cd\u5e94\u652f\u6301
\n proxy_set_header Connection "";
\n proxy_buffering off;
\n proxy_cache off;
\n chunked_transfer_encoding off;<\/p>\n

# \u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e
\n proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
\n proxy_send_timeout 300s;
\n proxy_read_timeout 300s;
\n }<\/p>\n

# \u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u63a5\u53e3
\n location \/health {
\n access_log off;
\n return 200 "OK";
\n add_header Content-Type text\/plain;
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

5.4 JWT \u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6（Spring Security）<\/h4>\n

\/\/ OllamaAuthFilter.java<\/span>
\n@Component<\/span>
\npublic<\/span> class<\/span> OllamaAuthFilter<\/span> extends<\/span> OncePerRequestFilter<\/span> {<\/span><\/p>\n

@Autowired<\/span>
\n private<\/span> JwtTokenProvider<\/span> jwtTokenProvider;<\/span><\/p>\n

@Override<\/span>
\n protected<\/span> void<\/span> doFilterInternal<\/span>(<\/span>HttpServletRequest<\/span> request,<\/span>
\n HttpServletResponse<\/span> response,<\/span>
\n FilterChain<\/span> filterChain)<\/span> {<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ 1. \u83b7\u53d6 Token<\/span>
\n String<\/span> token =<\/span> extractToken<\/span>(<\/span>request)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ 2. \u9a8c\u8bc1 Token<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>token !=<\/span> null<\/span> &&<\/span> jwtTokenProvider.<\/span>validateToken<\/span>(<\/span>token)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ 3. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/span>
\n UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken<\/span> auth =<\/span>
\n jwtTokenProvider.<\/span>getAuthentication<\/span>(<\/span>token)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n SecurityContextHolder<\/span>.<\/span>getContext<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>setAuthentication<\/span>(<\/span>auth)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ 4. \u7ee7\u7eed\u8fc7\u6ee4\u94fe<\/span>
\n try<\/span> {<\/span>
\n filterChain.<\/span>doFilter<\/span>(<\/span>request,<\/span> response)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n log.<\/span>error<\/span>(<\/span>"\u8fc7\u6ee4\u94fe\u6267\u884c\u5931\u8d25"<\/span>,<\/span> e)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ 5. \u8fd4\u56de 401<\/span>
\n response.<\/span>setStatus<\/span>(<\/span>HttpServletResponse<\/span>.<\/span>SC_UNAUTHORIZED<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

private<\/span> String<\/span> extractToken<\/span>(<\/span>HttpServletRequest<\/span> request)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n String<\/span> bearer =<\/span> request.<\/span>getHeader<\/span>(<\/span>"Authorization"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>bearer !=<\/span> null<\/span> &&<\/span> bearer.<\/span>startsWith<\/span>(<\/span>"Bearer "<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n return<\/span> bearer.<\/span>substring<\/span>(<\/span>7<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n return<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0 \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u6e05\u5355<\/h3>\n

6.1 \u542f\u52a8\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898<\/h4>\n\n\u95ee\u9898\u75c7\u72b6\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u670d\u52a1\u65e0\u6cd5\u542f\u52a8<\/td>\n\u7aef\u53e3\u5360\u7528<\/td>\n11434 \u5df2\u88ab\u5360\u7528<\/td>\nlsof -i:11434 \u67e5\u627e\u5e76 kill<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6a21\u578b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5931\u8d25<\/td>\nOOM Killed<\/td>\n\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3<\/td>\n\u589e\u52a0 Swap \u6216\u6362\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd<\/td>\nConnection refused<\/td>\n\u9632\u706b\u5899\u963b\u6321<\/td>\n\u68c0\u67e5\u5b89\u5168\u7ec4\/UFW \u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6743\u9650\u9519\u8bef<\/td>\nPermission denied<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898<\/td>\nchown -R $USER ~\/.ollama<\/td>\n🟡 \u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Docker \u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25<\/td>\n\u5bb9\u5668\u53cd\u590d\u91cd\u542f<\/td>\n\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u8fc7\u4f4e<\/td>\n\u8c03\u6574 docker-compose \u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

6.2 \u6027\u80fd\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898<\/h4>\n\n\u95ee\u9898\u75c7\u72b6\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u9996\u5b57\u5ef6\u8fdf>5s<\/td>\n\u54cd\u5e94\u6162<\/td>\n\u6a21\u578b\u672a\u9884\u52a0\u8f7d<\/td>\n\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u5148 warmup<\/td>\n🟡 \u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u63a8\u7406\u901f\u5ea6<10 token\/s<\/td>\n\u751f\u6210\u6162<\/td>\nCPU \u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fc7\u591a<\/td>\n\u9650\u5236 OLLAMA_NUM_THREADS=2<\/td>\n🟡 \u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5185\u5b58\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f<\/td>\n\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/td>\n\u6a21\u578b\u672a\u91ca\u653e<\/td>\n\u8bbe\u7f6e OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE=5m<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CPU \u6301\u7eed 100%<\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u5361\u987f<\/td>\n\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fc7\u591a<\/td>\n\u9650\u5236 max_queue=1<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u78c1\u76d8 IO \u9ad8<\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u5361\u987f<\/td>\nSwap \u9891\u7e41\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n\u589e\u52a0\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6216\u51cf\u5c11\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\n🟡 \u4e2d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

6.3 \u6392\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u901f\u67e5<\/h4>\n

# 1. \u68c0\u67e5 Ollama \u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
\nsystemctl status ollama<\/p>\n

# 2. \u67e5\u770b Ollama \u65e5\u5fd7<\/span>
\njournalctl -u<\/span> ollama -f<\/span><\/p>\n

# 3. \u68c0\u67e5\u7aef\u53e3\u5360\u7528<\/span>
\nlsof<\/span> -i:11434<\/span>
\nnetstat<\/span> -tlnp<\/span> |<\/span> grep<\/span> 11434<\/span><\/p>\n

# 4. \u67e5\u770b\u6a21\u578b\u5217\u8868<\/span>
\nollama list<\/p>\n

# 5. \u67e5\u770b\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
\nollama ps<\/span><\/p>\n

# 6. \u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>
\nhtop<\/span>
\nfree<\/span> -h<\/span>
\ndf<\/span> -h<\/span><\/p>\n

# 7. \u67e5\u770b Docker \u5bb9\u5668\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
\ndocker<\/span> ps<\/span>
\ndocker<\/span> stats ollama<\/p>\n

# 8. \u6d4b\u8bd5 API \u8fde\u63a5<\/span>
\ncurl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:11434\/api\/tags<\/p>\n

# 9. \u67e5\u770b\u6a21\u578b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
\nollama show <<\/span>model-name><\/span><\/p>\n

# 10. \u6e05\u7406\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
\nollama prune<\/p>\n

\n

\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0 \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u7f72\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n

7.1 Docker Compose \u751f\u4ea7\u6a21\u677f<\/h4>\n

# docker-compose.prod.yml<\/span>
\nservices<\/span>:<\/span>
\n ollama<\/span>:<\/span>
\n container_name<\/span>:<\/span> ollama
\n image<\/span>:<\/span> ollama\/ollama:<\/span>latest
\n ports<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> "11434:11434"<\/span>
\n volumes<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> .\/ollama–<\/span>data:<\/span>\/root\/.ollama
\n –<\/span> .\/models:<\/span>\/models
\n environment<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0
\n –<\/span> OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE=5m
\n –<\/span> OLLAMA_NUM_THREADS=2
\n –<\/span> OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS=1
\n deploy<\/span>:<\/span>
\n resources<\/span>:<\/span>
\n limits<\/span>:<\/span>
\n memory<\/span>:<\/span> 2G
\n cpus<\/span>:<\/span> '2.0'<\/span>
\n restart<\/span>:<\/span> unless–<\/span>stopped
\n healthcheck<\/span>:<\/span>
\n test<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>"CMD"<\/span>,<\/span> "curl"<\/span>,<\/span> "-f"<\/span>,<\/span> "http:\/\/localhost:11434\/api\/tags"<\/span>]<\/span>
\n interval<\/span>:<\/span> 30s
\n timeout<\/span>:<\/span> 10s
\n retries<\/span>:<\/span> 3<\/span>
\n networks<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> rag–<\/span>network
\n logging<\/span>:<\/span>
\n driver<\/span>:<\/span> "json-file"<\/span>
\n options<\/span>:<\/span>
\n max-size<\/span>:<\/span> "10m"<\/span>
\n max-file<\/span>:<\/span> "3"<\/span><\/p>\n

nginx<\/span>:<\/span>
\n container_name<\/span>:<\/span> nginx–<\/span>proxy
\n image<\/span>:<\/span> nginx:<\/span>alpine
\n ports<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> "80:80"<\/span>
\n –<\/span> "443:443"<\/span>
\n volumes<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> .\/nginx.conf:<\/span>\/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf
\n –<\/span> .\/ssl:<\/span>\/etc\/nginx\/ssl
\n depends_on<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> ollama
\n restart<\/span>:<\/span> unless–<\/span>stopped
\n networks<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> rag–<\/span>network<\/p>\n

networks<\/span>:<\/span>
\n rag-network<\/span>:<\/span>
\n driver<\/span>:<\/span> bridge<\/p>\n

7.2 \u76d1\u63a7\u544a\u8b66\u914d\u7f6e（Prometheus）<\/h4>\n

# prometheus.yml<\/span>
\nscrape_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> job_name<\/span>:<\/span> 'ollama'<\/span>
\n static_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> targets<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>'ollama:11434'<\/span>]<\/span>
\n metrics_path<\/span>:<\/span> '\/api\/metrics'<\/span>
\n scrape_interval<\/span>:<\/span> 15s<\/p>\n

–<\/span> job_name<\/span>:<\/span> 'milvus'<\/span>
\n static_configs<\/span>:<\/span>
\n –<\/span> targets<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>'milvus:9091'<\/span>]<\/span>
\n scrape_interval<\/span>:<\/span> 15s<\/p>\n

7.3 \u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590d\u7b56\u7565<\/h4>\n

#!\/bin\/bash<\/span>
\n# backup-ollama.sh<\/span><\/p>\n

echo<\/span> "🚀 \u5f00\u59cb\u5907\u4efd Ollama \u6570\u636e…"<\/span><\/p>\n

# 1. \u521b\u5efa\u5907\u4efd\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>
\nBACKUP_DIR<\/span>=<\/span>"\/backup\/ollama\/$(<\/span>date<\/span> +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)<\/span><\/span>"<\/span>
\nmkdir<\/span> -p<\/span> $BACKUP_DIR<\/span><\/p>\n

# 2. \u5907\u4efd\u6a21\u578b\u6570\u636e<\/span>
\ncp<\/span> -r<\/span> ~\/.ollama\/models $BACKUP_DIR<\/span>\/models<\/p>\n

# 3. \u5907\u4efd\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\ncp<\/span> ~\/.ollama\/Modelfile* $BACKUP_DIR<\/span>\/ 2<\/span>><\/span>\/dev\/null ||<\/span> true<\/span><\/p>\n

# 4. \u538b\u7f29\u5907\u4efd<\/span>
\ntar<\/span> -czf<\/span> $BACKUP_DIR<\/span>.tar.gz -C<\/span> $BACKUP_DIR<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

# 5. \u6e05\u7406\u4e34\u65f6\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>
\nrm<\/span> -rf<\/span> $BACKUP_DIR<\/span><\/p>\n

# 6. \u6e05\u7406\u65e7\u5907\u4efd（\u4fdd\u7559 7 \u5929）<\/span>
\nfind<\/span> \/backup\/ollama -name<\/span> "*.tar.gz"<\/span> -mtime<\/span> +7 -delete<\/span><\/p>\n

echo<\/span> "\u2705 \u5907\u4efd\u5b8c\u6210：$BACKUP_DIR<\/span>.tar.gz"<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u6062\u590d\u547d\u4ee4<\/span>
\n# tar -xzf backup.tar.gz -C ~\/.ollama\/<\/span><\/p>\n

7.4 \u6027\u80fd\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n

# benchmark_ollama.py<\/span>
\nimport<\/span> requests
\nimport<\/span> time
\nimport<\/span> statistics<\/p>\n

def<\/span> benchmark_model<\/span>(<\/span>model_name:<\/span> str<\/span>,<\/span> num_requests:<\/span> int<\/span> =<\/span> 10<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
\n """\u6027\u80fd\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5"""<\/span><\/p>\n

latencies =<\/span> [<\/span>]<\/span>
\n throughputs =<\/span> [<\/span>]<\/span><\/p>\n

for<\/span> i in<\/span> range<\/span>(<\/span>num_requests)<\/span>:<\/span>
\n start =<\/span> time.<\/span>time(<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

response =<\/span> requests.<\/span>post(<\/span>
\n "http:\/\/localhost:11434\/api\/generate"<\/span>,<\/span>
\n json=<\/span>{<\/span>
\n "model"<\/span>:<\/span> model_name,<\/span>
\n "prompt"<\/span>:<\/span> "\u8bf7\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd RAG \u6280\u672f，\u7ea6 100 \u5b57"<\/span>,<\/span>
\n "stream"<\/span>:<\/span> False<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n )<\/span><\/p>\n

end =<\/span> time.<\/span>time(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n latency =<\/span> end –<\/span> start<\/p>\n

# \u8ba1\u7b97\u541e\u5410\u91cf<\/span>
\n token_count =<\/span> response.<\/span>json(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>get(<\/span>"eval_count"<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
\n throughput =<\/span> token_count \/<\/span> latency<\/p>\n

latencies.<\/span>append(<\/span>latency)<\/span>
\n throughputs.<\/span>append(<\/span>throughput)<\/span><\/p>\n

print<\/span>(<\/span>f"\u8bf7\u6c42 <\/span>{<\/span>i+<\/span>1<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>: \u5ef6\u8fdf=<\/span>{<\/span>latency:<\/span>.2f<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>s, \u541e\u5410\u91cf=<\/span>{<\/span>throughput:<\/span>.1f<\/span>}<\/span><\/span> token\/s"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c<\/span>
\n print<\/span>(<\/span>"\\\\n"<\/span> +<\/span> "="<\/span>*<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>
\n print<\/span>(<\/span>f"\u6a21\u578b：<\/span>{<\/span>model_name}<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>
\n print<\/span>(<\/span>f"\u5e73\u5747\u5ef6\u8fdf：<\/span>{<\/span>statistics.<\/span>mean(<\/span>latencies)<\/span>:<\/span>.2f<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>s"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>
\n print<\/span>(<\/span>f"P95 \u5ef6\u8fdf：<\/span>{<\/span>sorted<\/span>(<\/span>latencies)<\/span>[<\/span>int<\/span>(<\/span>num_requests*<\/span>0.95<\/span>)<\/span>]<\/span>:<\/span>.2f<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>s"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>
\n print<\/span>(<\/span>f"\u5e73\u5747\u541e\u5410\u91cf：<\/span>{<\/span>statistics.<\/span>mean(<\/span>throughputs)<\/span>:<\/span>.1f<\/span>}<\/span><\/span> token\/s"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>
\n print<\/span>(<\/span>f"\u6700\u5c0f\u541e\u5410\u91cf：<\/span>{<\/span>min<\/span>(<\/span>throughputs)<\/span>:<\/span>.1f<\/span>}<\/span><\/span> token\/s"<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>
\n print<\/span>(<\/span>"="<\/span>*<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/span>
\nbenchmark_model(<\/span>"qwen2.5:0.5b"<\/span>,<\/span> num_requests=<\/span>10<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u672c\u4e13\u9898\u5b8c<\/p>\n

📌 \u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3：<\/p>\n

  • Ollama \u662f\u672c\u5730\u90e8\u7f72 LLM \u7684\u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9，\u4e00\u952e\u62c9\u53d6\u6a21\u578b<\/li>\n
  • Q4 \u91cf\u5316\u53ef\u5728\u7cbe\u5ea6\u635f\u5931<5% \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u964d\u4f4e 70% \u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528<\/li>\n
  • 2C4G \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u914d\u7f6e 4G+ Swap \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n
  • OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE=5m \u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/li>\n
  • \u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7ec4\u4ec5\u5f00\u653e\u5fc5\u8981\u7aef\u53e3，\u5185\u7f51\u901a\u4fe1<\/li>\n
  • Nginx \u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406 + JWT \u8ba4\u8bc1\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6807\u914d<\/li>\n
  • \u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6a21\u578b\u6570\u636e，\u9632\u6b62\u610f\u5916\u4e22\u5931<\/li>\n

    📖 \u4e0b\u4e13\u9898\u9884\u544a：\u300aSpring AI \u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u5b9e\u6218：30 \u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0 RAG \u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u300b\u2014\u2014 \u8be6\u89e3 Spring AI \u96c6\u6210\u3001\u5411\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u670d\u52a1\u3001SSE \u6d41\u5f0f\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u4e13\u9898\u56db：\u300aOllama \u6a21\u578b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u8c03\u4f18：\u8ba9 AI \u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4f4e\u914d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6d41\u7545\u8fd0\u884c\u300b
    \n📚 \u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7 RAG \u667a\u80fd\u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u6808\u5b9e\u65bd\u6307\u5357
    \n\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206：\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u5730\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0 Ollama \u6982\u8ff0\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf
    \n1.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Ollama？
    \nOllama \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8fd0\u884c\u5e73\u53f0，\u4e13\u4e3a\u7b80\u5316 LLM \u90e8\u7f72\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5b83\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8f7b\u677e\u8fd0\u884c\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002
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