\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u590d\u6742\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u6ca1\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u7684\u5f00\u9500<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u6267\u884c\u9ad8\u6548<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
1.2 \u72ec\u5360\u5f0f\u56de\u6536（Stop-The-World）<\/h4>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260726095648-6a65d9e08d3c8.png\")
<\/p>\n
\u4e32\u884c\u56de\u6536\u5668\u662f\u72ec\u5360\u5f0f\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u5b83\u5f00\u59cb\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6，Java \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u6682\u505c，\u7b49\u5f85 GC \u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u00a0"Stop-The-World"（\u7b80\u79f0 STW）\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728 GC \u671f\u95f4，\u6240\u6709\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u88ab\u201c\u51bb\u7ed3\u201d，\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4，\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b，\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u7b80\u5355\u7c97\u66b4\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53cd\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6700\u4f73\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u4e32\u884c\u56de\u6536\u5668（Serial Young GC）<\/h3>\n2.1 \u7b97\u6cd5：\u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u4e32\u884c\u56de\u6536\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u00a0\u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5（Copying Algorithm）\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f：\u5c06\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u5185\u5b58\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u00a0Eden \u533a\u00a0\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u00a0Survivor \u533a（From \u548c To）\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21 GC \u65f6，\u5c06 Eden \u548c From \u4e2d\u5b58\u6d3b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u590d\u5236\u5230 To \u533a，\u7136\u540e\u6e05\u7a7a Eden \u548c From，\u6700\u540e\u4ea4\u6362 From \u548c To \u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5？<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u671d\u751f\u5915\u6b7b，\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\u6781\u4f4e<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u91cf\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4，\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2.2 \u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650<\/h4>\n
\n
\u4f18\u52bf\u5c40\u9650<\/tr>\n \n\n \u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u903b\u8f91\u9ad8\u6548<\/td>\n \u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838 CPU<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u65e0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500<\/td>\n GC \u671f\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b STW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u5728\u5355 CPU \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5f02<\/td>\n \u5806\u5185\u5b58\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\u505c\u987f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u957f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n 2.3 \u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n
-XX:+UseSerialGC<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u540e，JVM \u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u542f\u7528：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3：Serial \u6536\u96c6\u5668（\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3：Serial Old \u6536\u96c6\u5668（\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u8bb0-\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5728\u00a0Client \u6a21\u5f0f\u00a0\u4e0b，Serial GC \u662f JVM \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u4e09\u3001\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e32\u884c\u56de\u6536\u5668（Serial Old GC）<\/h3>\n
3.1 \u7b97\u6cd5：\u6807\u8bb0-\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e32\u884c\u56de\u6536\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u00a0\u6807\u8bb0-\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5（Mark-Compact Algorithm）\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5：<\/p>\n
- \n
\u6807\u8bb0（Mark）：\u4ece GC Roots \u51fa\u53d1，\u6807\u8bb0\u6240\u6709\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u538b\u7f29（Compact）：\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5411\u4e00\u7aef\u79fb\u52a8，\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u8fde\u7eed\u6392\u5217<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u6e05\u7406（Sweep）：\u6e05\u7406\u6389\u8fb9\u754c\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0d\u7528\u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5？<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\u9ad8，\u590d\u5236\u6210\u672c\u592a\u9ad8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u6807\u8bb0-\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247，\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3.2 \u6ce8\u610f：\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3 GC \u505c\u987f\u66f4\u957f<\/h4>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u7a7a\u95f4\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u5927，\u4e14\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u66f4\u591a，Full GC \u7684\u505c\u987f\u65f6\u95f4\u5f80\u5f80\u8fdc\u8d85 Young GC\u3002\u5728\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u4e00\u6b21 Serial Old GC \u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u79d2\u7ea7\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u505c\u987f，\u8fd9\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u8b66\u60d5\u3002<\/p>\n
3.3 \u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n
# \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00：\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u548c\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e32\u884c
\n-XX:+UseSerialGC<\/p>\n# \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c：\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u4f7f\u7528 ParNew，\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u4f7f\u7528\u4e32\u884c
\n-XX:+UseParNewGC<\/p>\n# \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e09：\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u4f7f\u7528 ParallelGC，\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u4f7f\u7528\u4e32\u884c
\n-XX:+UseParallelGC<\/p>\n
\n\u56db\u3001GC \u65e5\u5fd7\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u8bfb<\/h3>\n
4.1 \u65b0\u751f\u4ee3 GC \u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n
[GC [DefNew: 310K->194K(2368K), 0.0269163 secs] 310K->194K(7680K), 0.0269513 secs] [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00, real=0.03 secs]<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u9010\u6bb5\u62c6\u89e3：<\/p>\n
\n
\u65e5\u5fd7\u7247\u6bb5\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n \n\n GC<\/td>\n \u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6b21 Young GC（\u800c\u975e Full GC）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n [DefNew<\/td>\n \u8868\u793a GC \u53d1\u751f\u5728\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3（Default New Generation），\u8fd9\u662f Serial GC \u7279\u6709\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 310K->194K(2368K)<\/td>\n \u65b0\u751f\u4ee3：GC\u524d\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u2192GC\u540e\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528（\u8be5\u533a\u57df\u603b\u5bb9\u91cf）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 310K->194K(7680K)<\/td>\n \u6574\u4e2a\u5806：GC\u524d\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u2192GC\u540e\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528（\u5806\u603b\u5bb9\u91cf）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 0.0269163 secs<\/td>\n \u8be5\u533a\u57df GC \u8017\u65f6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n [Times: user=0.00 sys=0.00 real=0.03 secs]<\/td>\n \u89c1\u4e0b\u65b9\u8be6\u89e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Times \u5b57\u6bb5\u8be6\u89e3：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
user：GC \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u7684 CPU \u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
sys：\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u53ca\u7b49\u5f85\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
real：\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u9645\u6682\u505c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4（\u6302\u949f\u65f6\u95f4）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e Serial GC，\u7531\u4e8e\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b，real \u2248 user + sys\u3002<\/p>\n
4.2 \u8001\u5e74\u4ee3 GC（Full GC）\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n
25.299: [Full GC (Allocation Failure) 25.300: [Tenured: 126975K->84388K(126976K), 0.1865275 secs] 741375K->84388K(741376K), [Metaspace: 3476K->3476K(1056768K)], 0.1866490 secs] [Times: user=0.19 sys=0.00, real=0.18 secs]<\/p>\n
\n
\u65e5\u5fd7\u7247\u6bb5\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n \n\n Full GC<\/td>\n \u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6b21 Full GC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n (Allocation Failure)<\/td>\n GC \u89e6\u53d1\u539f\u56e0：\u5206\u914d\u5bf9\u8c61\u5931\u8d25（\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n [Tenured<\/td>\n \u8001\u5e74\u4ee3（Tenured Generation）\u7684 GC \u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 126975K->84388K(126976K)<\/td>\n \u8001\u5e74\u4ee3：GC\u524d\u2192GC\u540e（\u603b\u5bb9\u91cf）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 741375K->84388K(741376K)<\/td>\n \u6574\u4e2a\u5806：GC\u524d\u2192GC\u540e（\u603b\u5bb9\u91cf）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Metaspace: 3476K->3476K(1056768K)<\/td>\n \u5143\u7a7a\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f（JDK 8+）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n 4.3 \u4e0d\u540c\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u7684\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u540d\u79f0\u5bf9\u7167<\/h4>\n
\n
\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u65e5\u5fd7\u540d\u79f0\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n \n\n Serial<\/td>\n [DefNew<\/td>\n Default New Generation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n ParNew<\/td>\n [ParNew<\/td>\n Parallel New Generation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Parallel Scavenge<\/td>\n [PSYoungGen<\/td>\n Parallel Scavenge Young Generation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n\u4e94\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h3>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa，\u89c2\u5bdf Serial GC \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b：<\/p>\n
import java.util.Random;<\/p>\n
public class GCDemo {
\n public static void main(String[] args) {
\n System.out.println("===== GCDemo, Hello =====");
\n try {
\n String str = "GCDemo";
\n while (true) {
\n str += str + new Random().nextInt(77777777)
\n + new Random().nextInt(88888888);
\n str.intern();
\n }
\n } catch (Throwable e) {
\n e.printStackTrace();
\n }
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n\u8fd0\u884c\u53c2\u6570：<\/p>\n
-XX:+UseSerialGC -Xms10m -Xmx10m -XX:+PrintGCDetails<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u65e5\u5fd7\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
[GC [DefNew: 1393K->25K(3072K), 0.009758 secs] 5793K->5793K(9920K), 0.0010059 secs]
\n[Full GC (Allocation Failure) [Tenured: 5767K->4167K(6948K), 0.0023995 secs] …
\njava.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
\n at java.util.Arrays.copyOf(Arrays.java:3332)
\n at java.lang.AbstractStringBuilder.ensureCapacityInternal(…)<\/p>\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230：<\/p>\n
- \n
DefNew\u00a0\u786e\u8ba4\u4e86 Serial GC \u5728\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u5de5\u4f5c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
Tenured\u00a0\u786e\u8ba4\u4e86 Serial Old \u5728\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u5de5\u4f5c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u9891\u7e41\u7684 GC \u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u00a0OutOfMemoryError<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\n\u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3：Serial GC \u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n
6.1 \u4f18\u70b9<\/h4>\n
\u2705\u00a0\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u903b\u8f91\u9ad8\u6548\u00a0\u2014 \u4ee3\u7801\u6210\u719f\u7a33\u5b9a，\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u590d\u6742 bug
\n\u2705\u00a0\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65e0\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f00\u9500\u00a0\u2014 \u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362
\n\u2705\u00a0\u5728\u5355 CPU \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u4f73\u00a0\u2014 \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53cd\u800c\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u989d\u5916\u5f00\u9500
\n\u2705\u00a0\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u5c0f\u00a0\u2014 \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n6.2 \u7f3a\u70b9<\/h4>\n
\u274c\u00a0STW \u505c\u987f\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u00a0\u2014 \u5806\u5185\u5b58\u8d8a\u5927，\u505c\u987f\u8d8a\u660e\u663e
\n\u274c\u00a0\u65e0\u6cd5\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838 CPU\u00a0\u2014 \u5728\u591a\u6838\u65f6\u4ee3\u663e\u5f97\u6709\u4e9b\u201c\u843d\u4f0d\u201d
\n\u274c\u00a0\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u5dee\u00a0\u2014 \u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u505c\u987f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5361\u987f<\/p>\n6.3 \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n
\n
\u573a\u666f\u662f\u5426\u9002\u7528\u539f\u56e0<\/tr>\n \n\n Client \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684 JVM<\/td>\n \u2705 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u62e9<\/td>\n \u8d44\u6e90\u53d7\u9650\u73af\u5883，\u7b80\u5355\u9ad8\u6548<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u5355 CPU \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/td>\n \u2705 \u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9<\/td>\n \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e26\u6765\u6536\u76ca<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u5806\u5185\u5b58 < 100MB<\/td>\n \u2705 \u53ef\u63a5\u53d7<\/td>\n \u505c\u987f\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u63a7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u5b9e\u65f6 Web \u5e94\u7528<\/td>\n \u274c \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350<\/td>\n \u505c\u987f\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u5927\u5806\u5185\u5b58（>4GB）<\/td>\n \u274c \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350<\/td>\n \u505c\u987f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u957f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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