\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66Java Web\u7684\u65f6\u5019，\u6211\u6709\u4e2a\u7591\u95ee：\u6211\u5728IDEA\u91cc\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u5806Java\u4ee3\u7801，\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u6211\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5？<\/p>\n
\u540e\u6765\u624d\u660e\u767d，\u8fd9\u4e2d\u95f4\u6709\u4e2a\u53ebTomcat\u7684"\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba"\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed9Tomcat，Tomcat\u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5730\u5740，\u627e\u5230\u6211\u5199\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Java\u7c7b，\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u80fd\u88abTomcat\u627e\u5230\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u7684Java\u7c7b，\u5c31\u662fServlet\u3002<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aServlet\u9700\u8981\u4e09\u6b65：\u5b9e\u73b0\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u91cd\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
Servlet\u89c4\u8303\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u7684Servlet\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0javax.servlet.Servlet\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4f46\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a5\u53e3\u592a\u9ebb\u70e6，\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e94\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u597d\u5728Tomcat\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7bHttpServlet，\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u7ee7\u627f\u5b83\u5c31\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
HttpServlet\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Servlet\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5，\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95eeServlet\u65f6，Tomcat\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528service\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cc\u5199\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {<\/p>\n
@Override
\n protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
\n \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u54cd\u5e94\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7f16\u7801
\n resp.setContentType("text\/html;charset=utf-8");<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41，\u5411\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5199\u6570\u636e
\n PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
\n out.println("<h1>\u6211\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aServlet<\/h1>");
\n out.println("<p>\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4：" + new java.util.Date() + "<\/p>");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5bf9\u8c61：<\/p>\n
HttpServletRequest：\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f，\u5305\u62ec\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001Cookie\u7b49<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
HttpServletResponse：\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5199\u597d\u4e86Servlet，\u8fd8\u5f97\u544a\u8bc9Tomcat\u8fd9\u4e2aServlet\u5bf9\u5e94\u54ea\u4e2aURL\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f，\u73b0\u5728\u4e3b\u6d41\u7528\u7684\u662f\u6ce8\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u7c7b\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e0a@WebServlet\u6ce8\u89e3，\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84：<\/p>\n
@WebServlet("\/hello")
\npublic class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
\n \/\/ …
\n}<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ce8\u89e3\u544a\u8bc9Tomcat：\u5f53\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee"\/hello"\u8def\u5f84\u65f6，\u5c31\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2aServlet\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8def\u5f84\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u659c\u6760\u5f00\u5934，\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u552f\u4e00，\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2aServlet\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u628a\u9879\u76ee\u90e8\u7f72\u5230Tomcat，\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\u540d\u53ebdemo，\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2aServlet\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u662f：<\/p>\n
http:\/\/localhost:8080\/demo\/hello<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2aURL\u62c6\u5f00\u6765\u770b：<\/p>\n
localhost:8080：Tomcat\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
demo：\u9879\u76ee\u540d（\u4e5f\u53eb\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
hello：\u6ce8\u89e3\u91cc\u914d\u7f6e\u7684Servlet\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740，Tomcat\u6536\u5230\u540e，\u6839\u636e\/demo\u627e\u5230\u9879\u76ee，\u518d\u6839\u636e\/hello\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Servlet，\u6700\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u7684service\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u521a\u624d\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u5199\u7684\u662fservice\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u6559\u7a0b\u91cc，\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u91cd\u5199doGet\u548cdoPost\u3002<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770bHttpServlet\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0，\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aservice\u65b9\u6cd5，\u903b\u8f91\u5927\u81f4\u662f：<\/p>\n
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
\n String method = req.getMethod();
\n if ("GET".equals(method)) {
\n this.doGet(req, resp);
\n } else if ("POST".equals(method)) {
\n this.doPost(req, resp);
\n }
\n \/\/ \u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f…
\n}<\/p>\n
\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4，service\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f（GET\/POST\u7b49），\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684doXxx\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5：<\/p>\n
\u5199\u6cd5\u4e00：\u76f4\u63a5\u91cd\u5199service\u65b9\u6cd5（\u7528\u7684\u591a，\u7701\u4e8b\u513f）<\/p>\n
@Override
\nprotected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
\n \/\/ \u4e0d\u7ba1GET\u8fd8\u662fPOST，\u90fd\u8d70\u8fd9\u91cc
\n}<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u6700\u7b80\u5355，\u9002\u5408\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u533a\u5206\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5199\u6cd5\u4e8c：\u5206\u522b\u91cd\u5199doGet\u548cdoPost<\/p>\n
@Override
\nprotected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
\n \/\/ \u5904\u7406GET\u8bf7\u6c42
\n}<\/p>\n
@Override
\nprotected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
\n \/\/ \u5904\u7406POST\u8bf7\u6c42
\n}<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u66f4\u89c4\u8303，\u9002\u5408GET\u548cPOST\u8981\u505a\u4e0d\u540c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u4ece\u91cd\u5199service\u65b9\u6cd5\u5165\u624b，\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/p>\n
@WebServlet\u9664\u4e86\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84，\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u7528\u5c5e\u6027：<\/p>\n
@WebServlet(
\n name = "HelloServlet", \/\/ Servlet\u540d\u79f0，\u53ef\u9009
\n urlPatterns = {"\/hello", "\/hi"}, \/\/ \u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8def\u5f84
\n loadOnStartup = 1 \/\/ \u662f\u5426\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d
\n)<\/p>\n
urlPatterns\u652f\u6301\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84，\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2aServlet\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u914d\u4e86{"\/hello", "\/hi"}，\u90a3\u4e48\/hello\u548c\/hi\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aServlet\u3002<\/p>\n
loadOnStartup\u63a7\u5236Servlet\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u673a\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u624d\u521b\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6eloadOnStartup=1，Tomcat\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e2aServlet\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f，\u503c\u8d8a\u5c0f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u628a\u4e0a\u9762\u5b66\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e32\u8d77\u6765，\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u767b\u5f55\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684Servlet：<\/p>\n
@WebServlet("\/login")
\npublic class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {<\/p>\n
@Override
\n protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
\n \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u7f16\u7801
\n req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
\n resp.setContentType("text\/html;charset=utf-8");<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u53c2\u6570
\n String username = req.getParameter("username");
\n String password = req.getParameter("password");<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41
\n PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5bc6\u7801
\n if ("admin".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {
\n out.println("<h1>\u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f，\u6b22\u8fce " + username + "<\/h1>");
\n } else {
\n out.println("<h1>\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25，\u7528\u6237\u540d\u6216\u5bc6\u7801\u9519\u8bef<\/h1>");
\n }
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u90e8\u7f72\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee：<\/p>\n
http:\/\/localhost:8080\/demo\/login?username=admin&password=123456<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u8def\u5f84\u91cc\u7684\/login\u8981\u548c\u6ce8\u89e3\u4e00\u81f4，\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u8981\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u7684getParameter\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n
Servlet\u4ece\u521b\u5efa\u5230\u9500\u6bc1\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u51e0\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
@WebServlet("\/life")
\npublic class LifeServlet extends HttpServlet {<\/p>\n
\/\/ 1. \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5：\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u8c03\u7528
\n public LifeServlet() {
\n System.out.println("\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u6267\u884c");
\n }<\/p>\n
\/\/ 2. init\u65b9\u6cd5：\u6784\u9020\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u8c03\u7528，\u53ea\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21
\n @Override
\n public void init() {
\n System.out.println("init\u65b9\u6cd5\u6267\u884c");
\n }<\/p>\n
\/\/ 3. service\u65b9\u6cd5：\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528
\n @Override
\n protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
\n System.out.println("service\u65b9\u6cd5\u6267\u884c");
\n }<\/p>\n
\/\/ 4. destroy\u65b9\u6cd5：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\u8c03\u7528
\n @Override
\n public void destroy() {
\n System.out.println("destroy\u65b9\u6cd5\u6267\u884c");
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2aServlet\u65f6，\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4f1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u6253\u5370：\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001init\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001service\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u518d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee，\u53ea\u4f1a\u6253\u5370service\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5173\u95edTomcat\u65f6\u6253\u5370destroy\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u662f：\u6784\u9020 \u2192 init \u2192 service（\u53cd\u590d\u6267\u884c） \u2192 destroy\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86loadOnStartup，\u6784\u9020\u548cinit\u4f1a\u5728Tomcat\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5c31\u6267\u884c，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b49\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aServlet\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e09\u6b65：<\/p>\n
\u7ee7\u627fHttpServlet\u7c7b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u91cd\u5199service\u65b9\u6cd5（\u6216doGet\/doPost）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u7528@WebServlet\u6ce8\u89e3\u914d\u7f6e\u8bbf\u95ee\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6，Tomcat\u6839\u636eURL\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Servlet，\u8c03\u7528service\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7HttpServletRequest\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570，\u901a\u8fc7HttpServletResponse\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u6211\u5bf9Servlet\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u5165\u95e8\u7406\u89e3，\u521a\u5b66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4e5f\u88ab\u5404\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5\u7ed5\u6655，\u5199\u4e0b\u6765\u68b3\u7406\u4e00\u904d，\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5e2e\u5230\u540c\u6837\u5728\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u4f60\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66Java Web\u7684\u65f6\u5019，\u6211\u6709\u4e2a\u7591\u95ee：\u6211\u5728IDEA\u91cc\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u5806Java\u4ee3\u7801，\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u6211\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5？\u540e\u6765\u624d\u660e\u767d，\u8fd9\u4e2d\u95f4\u6709\u4e2a\u53ebTomcat\u7684\\”\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\\”\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed9Tomcat，Tomcat\u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5730\u5740，\u627e\u5230\u6211\u5199\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Java\u7c7b，\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u80fd\u88abTomcat\u627e\u5230\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u7684Java\u7c7b，\u5c31\u662fServlet\u3002\u4e00\u3001\u521b\u5efaServlet\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1133,1666,43],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-84742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-servlet","tag-1666","tag-43"],"yoast_head":"\n