{"id":84558,"date":"2026-07-26T14:41:09","date_gmt":"2026-07-26T06:41:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/84558.html"},"modified":"2026-07-26T14:41:09","modified_gmt":"2026-07-26T06:41:09","slug":"linux-%e7%bb%9f%e6%b2%bb%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84%e7%9c%9f%e6%ad%a3%e5%8e%9f%e5%9b%a0%ef%bc%9a%e7%94%a8%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%a6%e8%80%8c%e9%9d%9e%e6%a0%87%e7%ad%be%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/84558.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u7edf\u6cbb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u800c\u975e\u6807\u7b7e\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. \u91cd\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

\u5173\u4e8e Linux \u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u8868\u8ff0\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b：\u5f00\u6e90\u3001\u514d\u8d39\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u751f\u6001\u4e30\u5bcc\u3001\u793e\u533a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u6c47\u5e76\u4e0d\u9519\u8bef，\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06 Linux \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea7\u54c1\u2014\u2014\u4eff\u4f5b\u53ea\u8981\u6295\u5165\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u8d44\u91d1\u3001\u62db\u52df\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08，\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u80fd\u590d\u5236\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5e02\u573a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u6839\u636e W3Techs \u4e0e Netcraft 2025 \u5e74\u5e95\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a，\u5168\u7403\u7ea6 96.4% \u7684\u7f51\u9875\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 Linux \u4e4b\u4e0a，\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u5b57\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u95f4\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u8457\u6ce2\u52a8\u3002Android \u624b\u673a（\u57fa\u4e8e Linux \u5185\u6838）\u5360\u636e\u5168\u7403\u79fb\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea6 72% \u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\u3002\u5168\u7403 Top 500 \u8d85\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d，Linux \u7684\u5360\u6bd4\u8d85\u8fc7 99%\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u573a\u666f\u3001\u9ad8\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5730\u4f4d，\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u5355\u4e00\u4ea7\u54c1\u7b56\u7565\u52a0\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u8bba\u70b9：Linux \u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u4e00\u9879\u6280\u672f\u7684\u80dc\u5229，\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u771f\u5b9e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6301\u7eed\u7b5b\u9009\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 \u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9，\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u5c42\u800c\u975e\u7279\u6027\u5c42\u5c55\u5f00\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

2. \u95ee\u9898\u57df\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u5206\u6790 Linux \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9009\u62e9\u4e4b\u524d，\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5148\u56de\u7b54\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u573a\u666f\u5bf9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u672c\u8d28\u8981\u6c42？<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\u573a\u666f\u76f8\u6bd4，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u5dee\u5f02：<\/p>\n\n\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8ba1\u7b97<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u957f<\/td>\n\u9891\u7e41\u5f00\u5173\u673a<\/td>\n7\u00d724 \u5c0f\u65f6\u8fde\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92<\/td>\n\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3001\u9ad8\u4ea4\u4e92\u6027<\/td>\n\u4f4e\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u3001\u65e0\u4eba\u503c\u5b88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u786c\u4ef6\u53d8\u66f4<\/td>\n\u76f8\u5bf9\u9759\u6001<\/td>\n\u9891\u7e41\u6269\u5bb9\u3001\u8fc1\u79fb\u3001\u70ed\u63d2\u62d4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6545\u969c\u5bb9\u5fcd<\/td>\n\u91cd\u542f\u5373\u53ef\u6062\u590d<\/td>\n\u5355\u6b21\u975e\u8ba1\u5212\u505c\u673a = \u4e1a\u52a1\u635f\u5931<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8d44\u6e90\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/td>\n\u4f53\u9a8c\u4f18\u5148（\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u6548\u679c）<\/td>\n\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u4f18\u5148（\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5904\u7406\u91cf）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u7b56\u7565<\/td>\n\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1<\/td>\n\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u70ed\u66f4\u65b0，\u4e0d\u4e2d\u65ad\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5e76\u53d1\u89c4\u6a21<\/td>\n\u5355\u7528\u6237\u4e3a\u4e3b<\/td>\n\u591a\u79df\u6237\u3001\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u8de8\u8282\u70b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u610f\u5473\u7740：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u573a\u666f\u5bf9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8981\u6c42，\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u7ec4\u5408\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u6027\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u9ad8\u6807\u51c6\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u800c Linux \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66，\u6070\u597d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

3. UNIX \u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u903b\u8f91<\/h3>\n

3.1 \u5355\u804c\u539f\u5219（Single Responsibility Principle）<\/h4>\n

1969 \u5e74 Ken Thompson \u4e0e Dennis Ritchie \u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5f00\u53d1 UNIX \u65f6，\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u88ab\u540e\u4e16\u53cd\u590d\u5f15\u7528\u5374\u5e38\u88ab\u6d45\u8bfb\u7684\u51c6\u5219：<\/p>\n

Write programs that do one thing and do it well.
\n\u2014\u2014 Ken Thompson, UNIX Philosophy (1970s)<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3，\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u8bb2\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6，\u8fd9\u6761\u51c6\u5219\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u95ee\u9898：\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u7ec4\u5408\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8def\u662f"\u5927\u800c\u5168"：\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u7f6e\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd，\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u4e8b，\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u597d\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u95e8\u69db，\u4f46\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u95ee\u9898：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u7ec4\u4ef6\u8026\u5408\u5ea6\u9ad8：\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u6df1\u5ea6\u7ed1\u5b9a，\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u65b9\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u9519\u8bef\u7ea7\u8054\u4f20\u64ad：\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5d29\u6e83\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u5176\u4ed6\u65e0\u5173\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u671f：\u5185\u7f6e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u81a8\u80c0\u5bfc\u81f4\u8c03\u5ea6\u51b3\u7b56\u590d\u6742\u5316，\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u80fd\u96be\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    UNIX \u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u601d\u8def\u662f"\u5c0f\u800c\u4e13"：\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5143\u8bed（\u6587\u4ef6 I\/O\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d），\u5177\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\u7531\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u81ea\u884c\u7ec4\u88c5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u8def\u540e\u6765\u88ab Linux \u5b8c\u6574\u7ee7\u627f，\u5e76\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u9762\u4ee5\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u67b6\u6784\u52a0\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

    #mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .label text,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .node rect,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .node circle,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .node .label,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-GtCZbrM1wtVSpfQ2 :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

    Linux \u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5355\u5185\u6838\u67b6\u6784<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u53ef\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757（\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u70ed\u63d2\u62d4）<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    insmod\/rmmod\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d\/\u5378\u8f7d<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u52a8\u6001\u6302\u8f7d\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    nf_tables\/iptables\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8Drivers<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668Scheduler<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406MMU<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edfVFS<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808TCP\/IP<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9a71\u52a8FS Drivers<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6269\u5c55Net Filters<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4f20\u7edf\u5b8f\u5185\u6838\u67b6\u6784<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7d27\u8026\u5408<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4fee\u6539\u4efb\u610f\u6a21\u5757\u9700\u5168\u5185\u6838\u91cd\u7f16\u8bd1<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4efb\u610f\u6a21\u5757\u5d29\u6e83\u2192 \u5185\u6838\u6001\u7ea7\u8054\u6545\u969c<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5173\u952e\u5dee\u5f02\u5728\u4e8e\u9a71\u52a8\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u70ed\u52a0\u8f7d\u673a\u5236\u3002 \u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u5757\u65b0\u8d2d\u5165\u7684 NVMe \u56fa\u6001\u786c\u76d8\u65f6，Linux \u53ea\u9700\u8981 modprobe nvme \u52a0\u8f7d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757，\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7533\u8bf7\u505c\u673a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981 99.99% \u53ef\u7528\u7387\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u8fdc\u8d85\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u7684\u76f4\u89c2\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n

    3.2 \u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6：\u7edf\u4e00\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u529b\u91cf<\/h4>\n

    Linux \u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u770b\u4f3c\u8fdd\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219：\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u63a5\u53e3\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u786c\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u662f \/dev\/sda，CPU \u4fe1\u606f\u662f \/proc\/cpuinfo，\u5185\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\u662f \/proc\/meminfo，\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u662f \/proc\/sys\/，\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728 \/proc\/[PID]\/ \u4e0b\u66b4\u9732\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f，\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u5728 \/proc\/net\/tcp \u4e2d\u4ee5\u6587\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u8fdc\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6df1\u8fdc\u3002<\/p>\n

    #mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .label text,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .node rect,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .node circle,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .node .label,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-PHGGcLb0uTPlTNfV :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

    \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5de5\u5177\u94fe<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42 VFS<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u5c42<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5757\u8bbe\u5907\/dev\/sda<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\/proc\/[PID]\/<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\/proc\/sys\/<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\/proc\/net\/tcp<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\/home\/<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7edf\u4e00\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42open\/read\/write\/ioctl<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    cat \/proc\/meminfo<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    echo 3 > \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    grep \/proc\/net\/tcp<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    dd if=\/dev\/zero of=test bs=1M count=100<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7edf\u4e00\u62bd\u8c61\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6548\u679c\u662f\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002 \u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u6e05\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u5957\u5de5\u5177（shell + \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a5\u53e3），\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u8f7d SDK\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u5e95\u5c42 API\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u8fd9\u5957\u63a5\u53e3，\u5c31\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u57fa\u5e95\u3002<\/p>\n

    Windows \u4e0e macOS \u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u3002Windows \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7 Win32 API\u3001WMI\u3001PowerShell Cmdlet \u7b49\u591a\u5957\u4e92\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4f53\u7cfb；macOS \u867d\u7136\u901a\u8fc7 Darwin \u5185\u6838\u90e8\u5206\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u62bd\u8c61，\u4f46\u5176\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u5ea6\u4e0e Linux \u4ecd\u6709\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u8ddd\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u7ef4\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u653e\u5927：Linux \u7684\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u6587\u5316（grep\u3001sed\u3001awk\u3001cut\u3001sort）\u4e0e\u7edf\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\u62bd\u8c61\u6df1\u5ea6\u7ed1\u5b9a，\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u96be\u4ee5\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u590d\u5236\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u751f\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

    3.3 \u5185\u6838\u6001\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u9694\u79bb<\/h4>\n

    Linux \u5728\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u7ecf\u5178\u7684 Ring \u5206\u5c42\u6a21\u578b：<\/p>\n

    #mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .label text,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .node rect,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .node circle,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .node .label,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-oeLLr4GiMjY09O89 :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

    CPU \u7279\u6743\u73af<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u800c\u975e\u5386\u53f2\u9057\u7559<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    Ring 0: \u5185\u6838\u6001（Linux \u72ec\u6709）- \u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5168\u90e8\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58- \u6267\u884c\u7279\u6743\u6307\u4ee4- \u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u786c\u4ef6\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668- \u63a7\u5236\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    Ring 1: \u9884\u7559<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    Ring 2: \u9884\u7559<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    Ring 3: \u7528\u6237\u6001- \u53ea\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u5b58- \u53d7\u9650\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6- \u786c\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528- \u5d29\u6e83\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u5185\u6838<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    Linux \u4e25\u683c\u4e8c\u5206：<\/b>\u53ea\u6709 Ring 0 \u548c Ring 3\u65e0\u4e2d\u95f4\u59a5\u534f\u5c42\u2192 \u5b89\u5168\u8fb9\u754c\u6e05\u6670\u2192 \u6545\u969c\u57df\u5929\u7136\u9694\u79bb<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    Linux \u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5faa"\u53ea\u6709 Ring 0 \u548c Ring 3"\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u8bbe\u8ba1，\u6ca1\u6709 Windows NT \u7684"Hybrid Kernel"\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fc7\u6e21\u5c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9009\u62e9\u5e76\u975e\u4fdd\u5b88，\u800c\u662f\u52a1\u5b9e\u7684：\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5730\u5e26\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u591a\u79df\u6237\u573a\u666f\u4e0b，\u8fd9\u79cd\u9694\u79bb\u673a\u5236\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001，\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4；\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7a7f\u8fc7\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\u8fb9\u754c\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u6001，\u5185\u6838\u6001\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u6743\u9650\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u6280\u672f（cgroups\u3001namespace）\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e95\u5c42\u9694\u79bb\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014Docker\u3001Kubernetes \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u578b，\u6b63\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u6838\u9694\u79bb\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    4. POSIX \u6807\u51c6：\u751f\u6001\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n

    Linux \u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684，\u4e5f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e4b\u4e0a\u2014\u2014POSIX（Portable Operating System Interface）\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n

    POSIX \u7531 IEEE \u4e8e 1988 \u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03（POSIX.1），\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u5f53\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u89c4\u8303，\u5305\u62ec C \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5b9a\u4e49（fork()\u3001exec()\u3001pipe()\u3001open() \u7b49）\u4ee5\u53ca shell \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

    POSIX \u7684\u6218\u7565\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e：\u5b83\u5c06\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u7ef4\u5ea6，\u4ece"\u8c01\u80fd\u7ed1\u5b9a\u66f4\u591a\u5e94\u7528"\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a"\u8c01\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u597d"\u3002<\/p>\n

    #mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .label text,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .node rect,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .node circle,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .node .label,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-MalKk2UfplrXGK8Y :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

    \u540e POSIX \u65f6\u4ee3<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    POSIX \u65f6\u4ee3<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u524d POSIX \u65f6\u4ee3<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u65e0\u6807\u51c6\u7ea6\u675f\u2192 \u5382\u5546\u9501\u5b9a<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u65e0\u6807\u51c6\u7ea6\u675f\u2192 \u5382\u5546\u9501\u5b9a<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u65e0\u6807\u51c6\u7ea6\u675f\u2192 \u5382\u5546\u9501\u5b9a<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7ade\u4e89\u7126\u70b9：\u6027\u80fd\u800c\u975e\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7ade\u4e89\u7126\u70b9：\u6027\u80fd\u800c\u975e\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7ade\u4e89\u7126\u70b9：\u6027\u80fd\u800c\u975e\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5e94\u7528 A(IBM AIX \u4e13\u6709)<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5e94\u7528 B(HP-UX \u4e13\u6709)<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5e94\u7528 C(Solaris \u4e13\u6709)<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    POSIX.1 (1988)\u63a5\u53e3\u89c4\u8303\u6807\u51c6\u5316<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    Linux(GNU\/Linux)<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    BSD(FreeBSD\/OpenBSD)<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    HP-UX(AIX\/Solaris)<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5728 POSIX \u6846\u67b6\u4e0b，\u4e00\u6bb5\u5728 HP-UX \u4e0a\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\u7684 C \u7a0b\u5e8f，\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5373\u53ef\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5355\u72ec\u7ef4\u62a4\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u652f；\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5382\u5546\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u62c5\u5fc3\u7528\u6237\u88ab\u9501\u5b9a\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u3002POSIX \u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u6469\u64e6，\u4f7f\u5f97 Linux \u53ef\u4ee5\u7eaf\u7cb9\u4f9d\u9760\u5185\u6838\u6027\u80fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u7ade\u4e89\u2014\u2014\u800c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u73af\u5883\u4e2d，\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u7136\u805a\u96c6\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n

    GNU \u9879\u76ee\u5728 GNU\/Linux \u7ec4\u5408\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002GNU \u9879\u76ee（1983 \u5e74\u53d1\u8d77）\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 gcc \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u3001glibc \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3001bash shell\u3001GNU Coreutils \u7b49\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u3002\u6ca1\u6709 GNU，Linux \u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u88f8\u5185\u6838，\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u30021991 \u5e74 Linus Torvalds \u5ba3\u5e03\u7684，\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a"\u6bd4 MINIX \u66f4\u4e1a\u4f59\u4f46\u81ea\u7531\u53ef\u7528"\u7684\u5185\u6838；\u4e24\u5e74\u540e，Linux \u4e0e GNU \u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u7ed3\u5408，\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    5. \u5f00\u6e90\u534f\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u5947\u70b9<\/h3>\n

    \u7406\u89e3 Linux \u7684\u6210\u529f，\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u52a0\u4ee5\u5ba1\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f20\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u9075\u5faa"\u5185\u90e8\u5c01\u95ed\u5f00\u53d1 \u2192 \u5b9a\u671f\u7248\u672c\u53d1\u5e03 \u2192 \u7528\u6237\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7"\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u901a\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6（\u529e\u516c\u5957\u4ef6\u3001\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001\u5a92\u4f53\u64ad\u653e\u5668）\u9886\u57df\u8fd0\u4f5c\u826f\u597d，\u4f46\u5728\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9886\u57df\u5b58\u5728\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7f3a\u9677：\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u9700\u6c42，\u4e0e\u5c01\u95ed\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u95f4，\u5b58\u5728\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

    Linux \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf：\u5168\u7403\u5e76\u884c\u534f\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

    #mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .label text,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .node rect,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .node circle,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .node .label,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-dvmyDc1un8ikSJpF :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

    Linux \u5f00\u6e90\u534f\u4f5c\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6301\u7eed\u63d0\u4ea4\u6bcf\u65e5\u6570\u5341\u6b21\u5408\u5e76<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5373\u65f6\u6784\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5CI\/CD \u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5404\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u540c\u6b65\u83b7\u53d6<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5929\u624d\u6548\u5e94（Linus Torvalds \u521d\u671f+ \u5168\u7403\u7231\u597d\u8005\u81ea\u53d1\u53c2\u4e0e）<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5168\u7403\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u7f51\u7edc（\u6570\u4e07\u4eba，\u8de8\u8d8a\u65f6\u533a）<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    Linux \u4e3b\u7ebf\u5185\u6838Git \u4ed3\u5e93<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7a33\u5b9a\u5185\u6838\u5206\u652f（LTS）<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    Ubuntu \/ RHEL \/ DebianArch \/ Fedora<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4f20\u7edf\u95ed\u6e90\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5185\u90e8\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f（\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u89c4\u6a21）<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5b9a\u671f\u53d1\u5e03（6~18 \u4e2a\u6708\u5468\u671f）<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7528\u6237\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u8282\u594f\u7531\u5382\u5546\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u89c4\u6a21\u5dee\u8ddd：Linux \u5185\u6838\u4ece 2003 \u5e74\u7684\u7ea6 200 \u4e07\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u589e\u957f\u5230 2025 \u5e74\u7684\u7ea6 2800 \u4e07\u884c\u4ee3\u7801，\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u8d85\u8fc7 100 \u4e07\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93，\u4f9d\u9760\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u9884\u7b97\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ef4\u6301\u5176\u6280\u672f\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u534f\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0，\u4fee\u590d\u65b9\u6848\u5728\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868（LKML）\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u5728\u516c\u5f00\u7684 Git \u4ed3\u5e93（kernel.org）\u4e2d\u5408\u5e76，\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5382\u5546\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u83b7\u5f97\u4fee\u590d\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u8fd9\u6d88\u9664\u4e86"\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u7a97\u53e3"\u2014\u2014\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5bf9\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u548c\u9632\u5fa1\u8005\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u662f\u900f\u660e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b，\u5728\u95ed\u6e90\u751f\u6001\u4e2d，\u4ece\u6f0f\u6d1e\u53d1\u73b0\u5230\u7528\u6237\u5b9e\u9645\u83b7\u5f97\u4fee\u590d\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u88ab\u5229\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u30022021 \u5e74\u7684 Exchange \u6f0f\u6d1e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5229\u7528\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001Log4j \u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u53d1\u8d77\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u901f\u5ea6，\u90fd\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    6. \u4eba\u624d\u98de\u8f6e\u6548\u5e94：\u6280\u672f\u4f18\u52bf\u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u6211\u5f3a\u5316<\/h3>\n

    \u524d\u8ff0\u56db\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u63ed\u793a\u4e86 Linux \u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f：\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u52bf\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u7d2f\u79ef，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u7ade\u4e89\u8005\u8ffd\u8d76？<\/p>\n

    \u7b54\u6848\u662f\u4eba\u624d\u98de\u8f6e\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n

    #mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .label text,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .node rect,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .node circle,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .node .label,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-QDABXXo1uanQ5I8P :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/p>\n

    \u7a33\u6001\u9501\u5b9a<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u98de\u8f6e\u52a0\u901f\u9636\u6bb5<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u98de\u8f6e\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u66f4\u591a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9009\u578b Linux<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5b66\u4e60 Linux \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6570\u91cf\u8fdc\u8d85\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    DevOps \u5de5\u5177\u94fe（Ansible\/Terraform\/Docker）\u5929\u7136\u57fa\u4e8e Linux<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u62e9 Linux（\u98ce\u9669\u6700\u4f4e）<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\u9886\u5148\u2192 \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5b66\u4e60\u6295\u5165\u503e\u659c<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6b63\u5411\u5faa\u73af\u6301\u7eed\u5f3a\u5316<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6b63\u5411\u5faa\u73af\u6301\u7eed\u5f3a\u5316<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    Linux \u5185\u6838\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5951\u5408\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u95ee\u9898\u57df<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f18\u5148\u9002\u914d Linux<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4eba\u624d\u50a8\u5907\u4e30\u5bcc\u62db\u8058\u6210\u672c\u4f4e<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u6301\u7eed\u9886\u5148<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\u7ee7\u7eed\u9886\u5148\u98de\u8f6e\u96be\u4ee5\u51cf\u901f<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u98de\u8f6e\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\u5728\u4e8e：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u9700\u6c42\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u4e14\u5927\u91cf\u7684，\u800c Linux \u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6295\u8d44\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4\u65f6，ROI \u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u663e\u7136\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u5e02\u573a\u5360\u6709\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u2014\u2014\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u672c\u8eab，\u53c8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86 Linux \u7684\u4eba\u624d\u50a8\u5907\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

    Kubernetes（2015 \u5e74）\u3001Docker（2013 \u5e74）\u3001Prometheus（2012 \u5e74）\u3001TensorFlow（2015 \u5e74）\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u8bde\u751f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u8f6f\u4ef6，\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u4e00\u4f8b\u5916\u5730\u5c06 Linux \u4f5c\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u6216\u9996\u9009\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5bf9 Linux \u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u504f\u597d，\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u53ef\u89e6\u8fbe\u7684\u7528\u6237\u89c4\u6a21\u3002Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u7528\u6237\u6700\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u73af\u5883，\u9009\u62e9 Linux = \u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6f5c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    7. \u786c\u4ef6\u6548\u7387\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u89c6\u89d2<\/h3>\n

    \u4ece\u7eaf\u5de5\u7a0b\u89d2\u5ea6\u5ba1\u89c6，Linux \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u6548\u7387，\u4e0e Windows Server \u5b58\u5728\u91cf\u7ea7\u5dee\u5f02，\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u5dee\u8ddd\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u975e\u6280\u672f\u56e0\u7d20\u63a9\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002 Windows Server \u5373\u4f7f\u9009\u62e9 Server Core \u5b89\u88c5\u6a21\u5f0f，\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u5360\u7528\u4ecd\u7ea6 4~8 GB \u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c 512 MB~1 GB \u5185\u5b58\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5360\u7528\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u611f，\u4f46\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a\u786c\u6027\u7ea6\u675f：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6700\u5c0f\u5b9e\u4f8b\u89c4\u683c\u7684\u7ade\u4e89（AWS Graviton\u3001\u963f\u91cc\u4e91 ecs.t5 \u7b49\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u5b9e\u4f8b）<\/li>\n
    • \u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316（\u5355\u8282\u70b9\u8fd0\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u5bb9\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b）<\/li>\n
    • \u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u4e0e\u8fb9\u7f18\u8ba1\u7b97\u573a\u666f\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u53d7\u9650\u73af\u5883<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u5185\u6838\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002 Linux \u7684 Completely Fair Scheduler（CFS）\u81ea 2007 \u5e74\u5f15\u5165\u540e，\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1 I\/O \u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u6301\u7eed\u4f18\u5316\u3002CFS \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u60f3\u662f"\u5b8c\u5168\u516c\u5e73"\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6309\u6743\u91cd\u5206\u914d CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u7247，\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ea4\u4e92\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u6700\u5927\u5316\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b，Windows Server \u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5728\u684c\u9762\u573a\u666f\u8868\u73b0\u4f18\u79c0，\u4f46\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u4f18\u5316，\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6162\u4e8e Linux \u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5dee\u8ddd\u4e0d\u662f\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u903e\u8d8a，\u800c\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u2014\u2014Linux \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u573a\u666f\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u5df2\u6709\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6295\u5165，\u8fd9\u79cd\u79ef\u7d2f\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u540e\u6765\u8005\u7684\u8ffd\u8d76\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      8. \u8bb8\u53ef\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u610f\u4e49<\/h3>\n

      \u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u5c06 Linux \u7684\u6210\u529f\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e"\u514d\u8d39"\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bba\u65ad\u5728\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7b26\u5408\u76f4\u89c9，\u4f46\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5206\u6790\u5c42\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7f3a\u9677\u3002<\/p>\n

      Linux \u7684\u8bb8\u53ef\u6a21\u5f0f（GPL v2\/GPL v3\/Apache\/MIT \u7b49）\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\u662f\u81ea\u7531（Freedom），\u800c\u975e\u514d\u8d39（Gratis）\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u51b3\u7b56\u4e2d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981：<\/p>\n

      \u8fd0\u884c\u6210\u672c\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3002 \u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u90e8\u7f72\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6210\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u6e05\u6670\u7684：\u4e91\u8d44\u6e90\u8d39\u7528（CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001\u5b58\u50a8）\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6388\u6743\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027，\u8d22\u52a1\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5efa\u7acb，\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u8bae\u4ef7\u57fa\u51c6\u4e5f\u66f4\u660e\u786e\u3002Windows Server \u7684\u6388\u6743\u8d39\u7528\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u91c7\u8d2d\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4fdd\u969c（Software Assurance），\u5176\u5b9a\u4ef7\u6a21\u578b\u5305\u542b\u5347\u7ea7\u5468\u671f\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u6388\u6743\u3001OEM\/\u96f6\u552e\u7b49\u591a\u91cd\u7ef4\u5ea6，\u6838\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u663e\u8457\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u6743\u5229\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u4fdd\u7559\u3002 \u7279\u5b9a\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539 TCP \u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5（\u5982 BBR）\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565（\u5982\u4fee\u6539 CFS \u7684 latency_nice \u53c2\u6570）\u3001\u88c1\u526a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u4ef6（\u88c1\u526a\u5185\u6838\u6784\u5efa\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u653b\u51fb\u9762）\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5411\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u7533\u8bf7\u8bb8\u53ef，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7b7e\u7f72 NDA，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u5382\u5546\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\u6392\u671f\u3002\u5728\u95ed\u6e90\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，\u5bf9\u5185\u6838\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5de5\u5355\u7cfb\u7edf\u53cd\u9988，\u65e0\u6cd5\u81ea\u4e3b\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u9501\u5b9a\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3002 \u4e1a\u52a1\u6269\u5f20\u8def\u5f84：\u7269\u7406\u673a \u2192 KVM \u865a\u62df\u5316 \u2192 Docker \u5bb9\u5668 \u2192 Kubernetes \u96c6\u7fa4 \u2192 \u591a\u4e91\/\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u90e8\u7f72\u3002Linux \u8d2f\u7a7f\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9，\u8fc1\u79fb\u5de5\u5177\u94fe（virt-p2v\u3001docker commit\u3001kubectl convert\u3001restic \u7b49）\u6210\u719f\u4e14\u5f00\u6e90\u3002\u9009\u62e9 Windows Server，\u5219\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f34\u968f SQL Server \u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3001Active Directory \u96c6\u6210\u3001.NET Framework \u4f9d\u8d56\u7b49\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u98ce\u9669\u4e0e\u989d\u5916\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      9. \u7efc\u5408\u6846\u67b6：Linux \u7edf\u6cbb\u529b\u7684\u4e94\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n

      \u7efc\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790，Linux \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e94\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784：<\/p>\n

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path,#mermaid-svg-9Vm2hWbwHVuPJn6B .section-root circle,#mermaid-svg-9Vm2hWbwHVuPJn6B .section-root polygon{fill:hsl(240, 100%, 46.2745098039%);}#mermaid-svg-9Vm2hWbwHVuPJn6B .section-root text{fill:#ffffff;}#mermaid-svg-9Vm2hWbwHVuPJn6B .section-root span{color:#ffffff;}#mermaid-svg-9Vm2hWbwHVuPJn6B .section-2 span{color:#ffffff;}#mermaid-svg-9Vm2hWbwHVuPJn6B .icon-container{height:100%;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}#mermaid-svg-9Vm2hWbwHVuPJn6B .edge{fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-9Vm2hWbwHVuPJn6B .mindmap-node-label{dy:1em;alignment-baseline:middle;text-anchor:middle;dominant-baseline:middle;text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-9Vm2hWbwHVuPJn6B :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7edf\u6cbb\u529b\u7684\u6765\u6e90<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u5c42<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5355\u804c\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u505a\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u7ba1\u9053\u7ec4\u5408\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u5907\u5148\u5929\u53ef\u7ec4\u5408\u6027<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee\u7edf\u4e00\u62bd\u8c61<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u63a5\u53e3\u4e00\u81f4<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u6587\u5316\u7531\u6b64\u884d\u751f<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5185\u6838<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u9a71\u52a8\u70ed\u52a0\u8f7d\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u65b0\u786c\u4ef6\u96f6\u505c\u673a\u652f\u6301<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6269\u5c55\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5185\u6838\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u751f\u6001\u5236\u5ea6\u5c42<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      POSIX \u6807\u51c6<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7ade\u4e89\u805a\u7126\u6027\u80fd\u800c\u975e\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8de8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u6709\u4fdd\u969c<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5b66\u4e60\u6295\u5165\u590d\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u5927\u5316<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      GNU \u5de5\u5177\u94fe<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5185\u6838\u88f8\u673a \u2192 \u5b8c\u6574\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      gcc\/glibc\/bash\/Coreutils \u7ec4\u5408\u4f53<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u5e76\u884c\u6210\u719f<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5f00\u6e90\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u6743\u5229\u65e0\u9650\u5236<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u9501\u5b9a\u98ce\u9669\u6700\u5c0f\u5316<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u6210\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u900f\u660e\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u534f\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\u5c42<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5168\u7403\u5e76\u884c\u5f00\u53d1<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u6bcf\u65e5\u6570\u5341\u6b21\u4ee3\u7801\u5408\u5e76<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8de8\u8d8a\u65f6\u533a\u6301\u7eed\u8fed\u4ee3<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u4eba\u624d\u590d\u7528\u6700\u5927\u5316<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5b89\u5168\u900f\u660e\u6027<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u6f0f\u6d1e\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0e\u4fee\u590d\u540c\u6b65\u901a\u77e5<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u6d88\u9664\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u7a97\u53e3<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      LKML + GitHub \u516c\u5f00\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u4eba\u624d\u98de\u8f6e\u5c42<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5b66\u4e60\u6295\u5165\u7684\u6b63\u5411\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5e02\u573a\u6807\u51c6 \u2192 \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5b66\u4e60 \u2192 \u4eba\u624d\u50a8\u5907 \u2192 \u5e02\u573a\u6807\u51c6<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u751f\u6001\u7684\u6b63\u5411\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e30\u5bcc \u2192 \u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u6210\u719f \u2192 \u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u9996\u9009 \u2192 \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e30\u5bcc<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u5e94\u5c42<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u786c\u4ef6\u6548\u7387<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u5360\u7528\u6781\u4f4e<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5bb9\u5668\u5bc6\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5185\u6838\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u6301\u7eed\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5e73\u53f0<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      Docker \/ Kubernetes \/ Prometheus \/ TensorFlow<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u5168\u9886\u57df\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6807\u51c6<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u96f6\u95e8\u69db\u57fa\u4e8e Linux \u5f00\u53d1<\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \n

      10. \u7ed3\u8bed：\u540c\u6784\u6027，\u800c\u975e\u9009\u62e9<\/h3>\n

      \u56de\u5230\u672c\u6587\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bba\u70b9：Linux \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9886\u57df\u7684\u80dc\u5229，\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u4e00\u9879\u6280\u672f\u7684\u80dc\u5229，\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u4e00\u4f4d\u5929\u624d\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u7684\u80dc\u5229，\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u57df\u4e4b\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u540c\u6784\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

      UNIX \u54f2\u5b66\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5355\u804c\u8bbe\u8ba1，\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u5907\u5148\u5929\u53ef\u7ec4\u5408\u6027\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u573a\u666f\u9700\u8981\u7075\u6d3b\u7ec4\u88c5\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee\u7edf\u4e00\u62bd\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u7ef4\u9700\u8981\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5185\u6838\u67b6\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u70ed\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668 7\u00d724 \u5c0f\u65f6\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u79cd\u540c\u6784\u6027\u4e00\u65e6\u5f62\u6210，\u4fbf\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u624d\u98de\u8f6e\u4e0e\u751f\u6001\u9501\u5b9a\u673a\u5236\u81ea\u6211\u5f3a\u5316\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5b58\u5728\u6280\u672f\u80fd\u529b\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u8005，\u540e\u6765\u8005\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8ffd\u8d76\u6210\u672c，\u66f4\u662f\u751f\u6001\u79ef\u7d2f\u5c42\u9762\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u79ef\u7d2f\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u58c1\u5792\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9，\u4fbf\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 Docker\u3001Kubernetes\u3001Prometheus\u3001TensorFlow \u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u8f6f\u4ef6"\u9009\u62e9"\u4e86 Linux\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u5e76\u975e\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u7406\u6027\u6311\u9009\u4e86 Linux，\u800c\u662f\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0，Linux \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u5b83\u4eec\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u57df\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u540c\u6784\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u540c\u6784\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u5076\u7136，\u662f\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u751f\u4ea7\u5b9e\u8df5\u6301\u7eed\u7b5b\u9009\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      1. \u91cd\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898
      \n\u5173\u4e8e Linux \u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u8868\u8ff0\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b：\u5f00\u6e90\u3001\u514d\u8d39\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u751f\u6001\u4e30\u5bcc\u3001\u793e\u533a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u6c47\u5e76\u4e0d\u9519\u8bef，\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06 Linux \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea7\u54c1\u2014\u2014\u4eff\u4f5b\u53ea\u8981\u6295\u5165\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u8d44\u91d1\u3001\u62db\u52df\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08，\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u80fd\u590d\u5236\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5730\u4f4d\u3002
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