- \n
- \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u53d8，\u6240\u4ee5TLB\u548cCache\u4e0d\u5931\u6548，\u6570\u636e\u7ee7\u7eed\u53ef\u7528，\u9875\u8868\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u6539\u53d8，TLB\u548cCache\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6548，\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d，\u9875\u8868\u4e5f\u5f97\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u65b9\u9762，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u5668，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u91cf\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u6808\u6307\u9488\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c11\u91cf\u6570\u636e，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u5b8c\u6574\u6620\u50cf\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u662f\u5426\u8fdb\u5185\u6838\u65b9\u9762，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u770b\u5b9e\u73b0，\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u4e0d\u8fdb\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u8fdb，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u3002\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5feb\u5f97\u591a，\u4e3b\u8981\u5f00\u9500\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u6062\u590d\u79c1\u6709\u6570\u636e，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90a3\u8fb9\u662f\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u5207\u6362\u52a0\u4e0aTLB Cache\u5237\u65b0\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5f0f\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/p>\n
\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u8fdb\u5185\u6838，\u5b8c\u5168\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5b8c\u6210，\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528，\u6240\u4ee5\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u8981\u8fdb\u5185\u6838，\u9700\u8981\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u53c2\u4e0e，\u6d89\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528，\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5feb\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5feb\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u662f\u4e24\u8005\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u90fd\u4e0d\u53d8，TLB\u548cCache\u90fd\u4e0d\u5931\u6548\u3002\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50，\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6bd4\u5982\u534f\u7a0b\u548c\u65e9\u671fJava\u7684\u7eff\u8272\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6bd4\u5982Linux\u7684pthread\u548cWindows\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\u7528\u6237\u6001\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u7528\u6237\u6001\u6743\u9650\u53d7\u9650，\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u786c\u4ef6，\u8dd1\u7684\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801，\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u4f4e\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u5185\u6838\u6001\u6743\u9650\u5168\u5f00，\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u8d44\u6e90，\u8dd1\u7684\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7801，\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u9ad8，\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3001\u6743\u9650\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u5207\u6362\u5806\u6808\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u7528\u6237\u6001\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u4e2d\u65ad\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\u89e6\u53d1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n
\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7ec4\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684，\u5305\u62ec\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u3001\u6808\u6307\u9488\u548c\u901a\u7528\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6808\u4e5f\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6808，\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd8\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6808\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u3001\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316<\/p>\n
\u65b0\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521a\u521b\u5efa\u8fd8\u6ca1\u8fd0\u884c;<\/p>\n
\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u7b49\u5f85CPU\u8c03\u5ea6;<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u6b63\u5728CPU\u4e0a\u6267\u884c;<\/p>\n
\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u3001\u9501\u6216\u4fe1\u53f7;<\/p>\n
\u7ec8\u6b62\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u6216\u88ab\u5f3a\u5236\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n
\nCache\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027<\/p>\n
Cache\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1，\u5b8c\u5168\u900f\u660e\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u65f6Cache\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6548，\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u65f6Cache\u4e0d\u5931\u6548，\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u6709\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\u4e8c. Linux\u8fdb\u7a0bVS\u7ebf\u7a0b — \u54ea\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab，\u54ea\u4e9b\u72ec\u5360<\/h2>\n
- \n
- \u00a0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u2f74\u6027<\/li>\n
- \u00a0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4，\u4e5f\u5c31\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2.1 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u636e，\u4f46\u4e5f\u62e5\u6709\u2f83\u2f30\u7684\u2f00\u90e8\u5206"\u79c1\u6709"\u6570\u636e:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- \n
- \u7ebf\u7a0bID<\/li>\n
- \u2f00\u7ec4\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u2f42\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n
- \u6808<\/li>\n
- errno<\/li>\n
- \u00a0\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57<\/li>\n
- \u8c03\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0bID<\/p>\n
\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26，\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd8\u662f\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684ID，\u65b9\u4fbf\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u7ec4\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668（\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6570\u636e）<\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，CPU\u91cc\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4fdd\u5b58\u7740\u5f53\u524d\u6267\u884c\u72b6\u6001，\u5305\u62ec\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668（\u8bb0\u5f55\u6267\u884c\u5230\u54ea\u6761\u6307\u4ee4）\u3001\u6808\u6307\u9488（\u6307\u5411\u6808\u9876）\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3002\u5207\u6362\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u5019，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5185\u5bb9\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u8d77\u6765，\u7b49\u5207\u56de\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u518d\u6062\u590d，\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6808<\/p>\n
\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4，\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u7b49\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b\u72ec\u7acb？\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u5171\u7528\u6808，\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e92\u76f8\u5e72\u6270，A\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570，\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u88abB\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8986\u76d6\u4e86，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76f4\u63a5\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6808，\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6808\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
errno<\/p>\n
errno\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u6b8a，\u5b83\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf，\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u72ec\u7acb\u526f\u672c\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6216\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u51fa\u9519\u65f6\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7f6eerrno，\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aerrno，A\u7ebf\u7a0b\u62a5\u9519\u4e86\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6765\u5f97\u53ca\u5904\u7406，B\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53c8\u53d1\u8d77\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u628aerrno\u8986\u76d6\u6389\u4e86，A\u7ebf\u7a0b\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u79c1\u6709，\u5404\u7ba1\u5404\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57<\/p>\n
\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bf9\u54ea\u4e9b\u4fe1\u53f7\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u5904\u7406\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c4f\u853d\u7b56\u7565，\u6bd4\u5982\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c4f\u853d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u53f7，\u4e13\u5fc3\u5904\u7406\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1，\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e13\u95e8\u8d1f\u8d23\u54cd\u5e94\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8ba9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bf9\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u53ef\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/p>\n
\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u88abCPU\u9009\u4e2d\u6267\u884c，\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4f4e\u7684\u540e\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u7ed9\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u63a7\u5236\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u80fd\u529b，\u6bd4\u5982\u628a\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbe\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u628a\u540e\u53f0\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbe\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n
\n2.2 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab<\/h3>\n
\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4，\u56e0\u6b64 Text Segment\u3001Data Segment \u90fd\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570，\u5404\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528，\u5982\u679c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf，\u5404\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916，\u5404\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd8\u5171\u4eab\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u73af\u5883：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868：\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6765\u8bfb\u5199，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5404\u81ea\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u7528\u8fd9\u5f20\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u6bcf\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f：\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9SIGINT\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570，\u6216\u8005\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5ffd\u7565\u6216\u9ed8\u8ba4\u52a8\u4f5c，\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u5171\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u7f6e，\u4e0d\u80fd\u5404\u7ebf\u7a0b\u81ea\u5df1\u6539\u3002\u6ce8\u610f，\u8fd9\u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57\u4e0d\u540c，\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u79c1\u6709\u7684，\u4f46\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f（\u5ffd\u7565\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570）\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55：\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55，\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528chdir\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55，\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e5f\u8ddf\u7740\u53d8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u7528\u6237ID\u548c\u7ec4ID：\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6807\u8bc6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab，\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237ID\u548c\u7ec4ID\u3002\u5185\u6838\u68c0\u67e5\u6743\u9650\u65f6\u770b\u7684\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684ID，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u533a\u5206\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u77e5\u8bc6\u8865\u5145：<\/p>\n
\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u7684，\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u504f\u79fb\u6307\u9488\u5417？\u4e0d，\u6587\u4ef6\u504f\u79fb\u4e5f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u91cc，\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7528read\u8bfb\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e，\u6587\u4ef6\u504f\u79fb\u5f80\u524d\u79fb\u4e86，\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u518d\u8bfb\u5c31\u4ece\u65b0\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u504f\u79fb，\u5f97\u5404\u81ea\u6253\u5f00\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u62ff\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u7684，\u4f46\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c4f\u853d\u5b57\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u8fd9\u4fe9\u5bb9\u6613\u641e\u6df7，\u8bb0\u6e05\u695a：\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u53f7\u542c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684，\u5f53\u524d\u963b\u585e\u54ea\u4e9b\u4fe1\u53f7\u542c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a，\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6539\u4e86\u5168\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u597d\u7406\u89e3，\u56e0\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7528\u6237ID\u548c\u7ec4ID\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684，\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e00\u89c6\u540c\u4ec1，\u6743\u9650\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe:<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084125-6a6476b525439.png\")
<\/p>\n
\n2.3 \u5173\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u4e4b\u524d\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b？<\/p>\n
\u4e4b\u524d\u5b66\u7684\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u540e，\u4ecemain\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb，\u6cbf\u7740\u4e00\u6761\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84\u987a\u5e8f\u5f80\u4e0b\u8d70，\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u5206\u652f\u8df3\u8f6c\u3001\u5faa\u73af，\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6709\u4e86\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u56de\u5934\u770b\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7406\u89e3：\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u53ea\u8dd1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u62e5\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8d44\u6e90，\u72ec\u5360\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49，\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u6240\u4ee5\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5，\u4e0d\u7528\u8003\u8651\u9501\u3001\u4e92\u65a5\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u8fd9\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u6709\u5c40\u9650：\u5355\u6838\u4e0a\u8dd1\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b，CPU\u6267\u884c\u5230I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u5c31\u5f97\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85，CPU\u5c31\u95f2\u7740，\u6d6a\u8d39\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u65f6，\u8ba9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528CPU，\u63d0\u5347\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5728\u591a\u6838\u673a\u5668\u4e0a，\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838，\u5176\u4ed6\u6838\u767d\u767d\u7a7a\u7740，\u6027\u80fd\u5929\u82b1\u677f\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4：\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b，\u7b80\u5355\u53ef\u9760，\u9002\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u6e05\u6670\u3001I\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u5ea6\u4f4e\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u628a\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u62c6\u5f00，\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u80fd\u5e72\u591a\u4ef6\u4e8b，\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u53d6\u820d\u5173\u7cfb，\u6ca1\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u597d\u574f，\u770b\u573a\u666f\u9009\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u6982\u62ec\u4e00\u4e0b，\u65b9\u4fbf\u8bb0\u5fc6：\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b = \u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u6d41，\u4ece\u5934\u8dd1\u5230\u5c3e\u3002\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b = \u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u5206\u51fa\u591a\u6761\u6267\u884c\u6d41，\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u5404\u8dd1\u5404\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u4e09.Linux\u7ebf\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/h2>\n
3.1 POSIX\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93<\/h3>\n
- \u00a0\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u5173\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u2f00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7cfb\u5217，\u7edd\u2f24\u591a\u6570\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u201cpthread_\u201d\u6253\u5934\u7684<\/li>\n
- \u00a0\u8981\u4f7f\u2f64\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u5e93，\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u2f0a\u5934\u2f42 <pthread.h><\/li>\n
- \u00a0\u94fe\u63a5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u65f6\u8981\u4f7f\u2f64\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u201c-lpthread\u201d\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n
3.2 \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h3>\n
\u529f\u80fd：\u521b\u5efa\u2f00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b
\n\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\nint pthread_create(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr, void *
\n(*start_routine)(void*), void *arg);<\/p>\n\u53c2\u6570:<\/p>\n
- \n
- thread:\u8fd4\u56de\u7ebf\u7a0bID<\/li>\n
- attr:\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027，attr\u4e3aNULL\u8868\u2f70\u4f7f\u2f64\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c5e\u6027<\/li>\n
- start_routine:\u662f\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5730\u5740，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u8981\u6267\u2f8f\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n
- arg:\u4f20\u7ed9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n
- \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8bb2\u7684\u662fpthread\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9：\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
1.\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u67e5<\/p>\n
\u4f20\u7edf\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u548cpthreads\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u51fd\u6570\u6bd4\u5982open\u3001read\u8fd9\u4e9b，\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0，\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1，\u5e76\u4e14\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cferrno\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5177\u4f53\u9519\u8bef\u539f\u56e0，\u4e8b\u540e\u7528perror\u6216strerror(errno)\u6765\u67e5\u3002\u4f46pthreads\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u8fd9\u4e48\u5e72，\u5b83\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u78b0errno，\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u544a\u8bc9\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136pthreads\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u7684errno\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u517c\u5bb9\u8001\u4ee3\u7801，\u4f46\u5b98\u65b9\u5efa\u8bae\u76f4\u63a5\u5224\u65ad\u8fd4\u56de\u503c，\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bfb\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u6bd4\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185errno\u8981\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u914d\u5957\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u5199\u6cd5：pthread_create\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8d4b\u7ed9ret，\u5224\u65adret\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e0\u5c31\u662f\u51fa\u9519，\u7136\u540e\u7528strerror(ret)\u628a\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u8f6c\u6210\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f93\u51fa，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528perror\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5f88\u7b80\u5355，\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5404\u81ea\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af，\u6bcf\u79d2\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f，\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\n2.\u7ebf\u7a0bID<\/p>\n
pthread_self\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u8c03\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684ID，\u7c7b\u578b\u662fpthread_t\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2aID\u662fpthread\u5e93\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6，\u53ea\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u90e8\u6709\u6548，\u5185\u6838\u4e0d\u8ba4\u5b83\u3002\u5b83\u548c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u662f\u4e24\u56de\u4e8b\u2014\u2014pthread\u5e95\u5c42\u901a\u8fc7clone\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65f6，\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00\u7684ID，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fps\u547d\u4ee4\u91cc\u770b\u5230\u7684LWP（\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0bID）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7528ps -L\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u62e5\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684PID，\u4f46LWP\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684LWP\u901a\u5e38\u548cPID\u76f8\u7b49，\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684LWP\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
pthreads\u51fd\u6570\u68c0\u67e5\u9519\u8bef\u770b\u8fd4\u56de\u503c，\u4e0d\u770berrno<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
pthread_t\u662f\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0bID，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u552f\u4e00，\u5185\u6838\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
LWP\u662f\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0bID，\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00，ps -L\u80fd\u770b\u5230<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u7136\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u884c，\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u79d2\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f，\u76f4\u5230\u7528\u6237\u6309Ctrl+C\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <stdlib.h>
\n#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <string.h>
\n#include <pthread.h><\/p>\nvoid *rout(void *arg) {
\n while (1) {
\n printf("I'm thread 1\\\\n");
\n sleep(1);
\n }
\n return NULL;
\n}<\/p>\nint main(void) {
\n pthread_t tid;
\n int ret;<\/p>\nret = pthread_create(&tid, NULL, rout, NULL);
\n if (ret != 0) {
\n fprintf(stderr, "pthread_create error: %s\\\\n", strerror(ret));
\n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
\n }<\/p>\nwhile (1) {
\n printf("I'm main thread\\\\n");
\n sleep(1);
\n }<\/p>\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n- \n
- \n
pthread_create\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0，\u5931\u8d25\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801（\u4e0d\u8bbe errno）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7528\u00a0strerror(ret)\u00a0\u8f6c\u6210\u53ef\u8bfb\u4fe1\u606f，\u4e0d\u7528\u00a0perror<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u7f16\u8bd1\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u00a0-pthread\u00a0\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u884c，\u8c03\u5ea6\u987a\u5e8f\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u51b3\u5b9a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u7684 tid \u662f\u901a\u8fc7 pthread \u5e93\u4e2d\u6709\u51fd\u6570 pthread_self \u5f97\u5230\u7684，\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u2f00\u4e2a pthread_t \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf，\u6307\u4ee3\u7684\u662f\u8c03\u2f64 pthread_self \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684 \u201cID\u201d\u3002
\n\u600e\u4e48\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201cID\u201d\u5462？\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201cID\u201d\u662f pthread \u5e93\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u552f\u2f00\u6807\u8bc6，\u662f pthread \u5e93\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u2f83\u2f30\u72ec\u2f74\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4，\u6545\u6b64\u201cID\u201d\u7684\u4f5c\u2f64\u57df\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u2f7d\u2fae\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7（\u5185\u6838\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6）\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u5176\u5b9e pthread \u5e93\u4e5f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64（\u4f8b\u5982clone）\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684，\u2f7d\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u2f00\u7684\u201cID\u201d\u6765\u552f\u2f00\u6807\u8bc6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084125-6a6476b5715e6.png\")
<\/p>\n\u4f7f\u2f64PS\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084125-6a6476b583c4e.png\")
<\/p>\n- \n
- \n
ps -aL：\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f，-a\u00a0\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b，-L\u00a0\u663e\u793a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f，\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
| head -1：\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8868\u5934（PID LWP TTY TIME CMD \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5217\u540d）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
&&：\u524d\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\u540e\u624d\u6267\u884c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
ps -aL | grep mythread：\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u91cc\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u5305\u542b mythread \u7684\u884c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/h4>\n
\n\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0a\u57fa\u7840\u90a3\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e00：C++11 std::thread \u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n
Linux \u7ebf\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840：LWP\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7279\u6027\u4e0e pthread \u7f16\u8bd1\u62a5\u9519<\/span><\/p>\n
1.\u5b9e\u9a8c\u76ee\u7684<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u7b80\u5355\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801，\u7406\u89e3 Linux \u4e0b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u6838\u5b9e\u73b0，\u9a8c\u8bc1\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7279\u70b9，\u540c\u65f6\u89e3\u51b3 pthread \u7f16\u7a0b\u7ecf\u5178\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u8bba\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9<\/p>\n
a.Linux \u7ebf\u7a0b\u672c\u8d28：\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b LWP<\/span><\/p>\n
Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u6784，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528task_struct\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e5f\u88ab\u53eb\u505aLWP（Light Weight Process，\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b）\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f：<\/p>\n
ps -aL<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084125-6a6476b59899e.png\")
<\/p>\n\u89c2\u5bdf\u73b0\u8c61：<\/p>\n
- \u540c\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0bPID \u76f8\u540c，\u4ee3\u8868\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5171\u4eab\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90；<\/li>\n
- \u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 LWP \u7f16\u53f7；<\/li>\n
- CPU \u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\u662f LWP，\u4e0d\u662f PID\u3002<\/li>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u533a\u5206： \u8fdb\u7a0b：\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u8d44\u6e90\u7684 task_struct \u7ebf\u7a0b：\u548c\u5176\u4ed6 task_struct \u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n
b. \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027<\/p>\n
- \n
CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u5206\u914d \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7247，\u4f1a\u5206\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u90e8\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6e\u6d41\u8c03\u5ea6\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u8f83\u5dee \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83\u89e6\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38，\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa\u3002 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5b58\u9694\u79bb，\u4e00\u65e6\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u51fa\u9519，\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u56de\u6536\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90，\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e00\u8d77\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5199\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u591a\u5e76\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8f93\u51fa\u6df7\u6742\u95ee\u9898 \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8c03\u7528 cout \u6253\u5370\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6，\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea4\u9519\u4e71\u5e8f\u3002 \u539f\u56e0：std::cout \u8f93\u51fa\u6ca1\u6709\u539f\u5b50\u4fdd\u62a4，\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ade\u4e89\u8f93\u51fa\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6253\u5370\u4fe1\u606f\u7a7f\u63d2\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u89c4\u8303\u8f93\u51fa\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
3.\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
#include <iostream>
\n#include <pthread.h>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <string><\/p>\nvoid* threadrun(void* args)
\n{
\n std::string name = (const char*)args;
\n while(true)
\n {
\n std::cout << "\u6211\u662f\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b: name: " << name << ", pid: " << getpid() << std::endl;
\n sleep(1);
\n }
\n return nullptr;
\n}<\/p>\nint main()
\n{
\n pthread_t tid;
\n pthread_create(&tid, nullptr, threadrun, (void*)"thread-1");<\/p>\nwhile(true)
\n {
\n std::cout << "\u6211\u662f\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b… " << ", pid: " << getpid() << std::endl;
\n sleep(1);
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790：<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7528 pthread \u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5404\u81ea\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af\u6253\u5370\u6d88\u606f，\u6f14\u793a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6574\u4f53\u529f\u80fd<\/span><\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540e，\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u884c，\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u79d2\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u6761\u4fe1\u606f，\u76f4\u5230\u6309 Ctrl+C \u7ec8\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9010\u90e8\u5206\u62c6\u89e3<\/span><\/p>\n
\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u5f15\u5165 pthread.h \u63d0\u4f9b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570，iostream \u63d0\u4f9b cout \u8f93\u51fa，string \u7528\u6765\u5904\u7406\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
threadrun \u662f\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u51fd\u6570，\u53c2\u6570\u662f void* \u7c7b\u578b，\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u4efb\u610f\u6307\u9488\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u628a args \u5f3a\u8f6c\u6210 const char* \u518d\u6784\u9020\u4e3a std::string \u5bf9\u8c61，\u62ff\u5230\u4f20\u5165\u7684 "thread-1"\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af，\u6bcf\u6b21\u6253\u5370\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540d\u5b57\u540e\u4f11\u7720\u4e00\u79d2，return nullptr \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6c38\u8fdc\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
main \u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u58f0\u660e pthread_t \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf tid \u7528\u6765\u5b58\u7ebf\u7a0b ID\u3002pthread_create \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20 tid \u7684\u5730\u5740\u8ba9\u51fd\u6570\u586b\u5145\u7ebf\u7a0b ID，\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20 nullptr \u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c5e\u6027，\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5165\u53e3\u51fd\u6570，\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4f20\u7ed9\u5165\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570，\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f20\u4e86\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 "thread-1" \u5e76\u5f3a\u8f6c\u6210 void* \u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u540e\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7acb\u5373\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c threadrun\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e5f\u8fdb\u5165\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af，\u6253\u5370\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u540e\u4f11\u7720\u4e00\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084125-6a6476b5a3e5e.png\")
<\/p>\n\u5927\u5bb6\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u6211\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a0\u4e86static，\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u8d77\u521d\u6211\u60f3\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u52a0-pthread，make\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519，\u4f46\u6211\u7684\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u62a5\u9519，\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u7528\u7684，\u65f6ubuntu22.04，\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e2astatic\u5c31\u662f\u7248\u672c\u9ad8\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u62a5\u9519\u7684，\u4f46\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd8\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c，\u539f\u56e0\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n
Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf glibc \u7248\u672c \u2265 2.34<\/p>\n
- \n
- glibc 2.33 \u53ca\u66f4\u65e9\u7248\u672c：pthread_create \u5728\u72ec\u7acb libpthread.so，\u4e0d\u52a0 -pthread \u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u62a5 undefined reference<\/li>\n
- glibc 2.34 \u91cd\u5927\u6539\u52a8：\u628a pthread \u7684\u6240\u6709\u51fd\u6570\u6574\u5408\u8fdb shturl.（\u7cfb\u7edf\u6807\u51c6 C \u5e93）<\/span> libc \u9ed8\u8ba4\u90fd\u4f1a\u94fe\u63a5，\u6240\u4ee5\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u627e\u5230\u7b26\u53f7，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519！<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u6211\u52a0\u4e86\u4e4b\u540e，\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c：<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u4e3a\u7684 Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf glibc \u7248\u672c \u2265 2.34\u3002 glibc2.34 \u505a\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u6539\u52a8：\u628a\u6240\u6709 pthread \u51fd\u6570\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u8fdb libc \u4e3b\u5e93，\u5e9f\u9664\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 libpthread \u5e93\u3002 \u6240\u4ee5： \u00a0\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5e26\u4e0a-static\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5，\u4e0d\u52a0 -pthread \u4e5f\u80fd\u627e\u5230 pthread_create \u7b26\u53f7，\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9519\u8bef Makefile（\u65e0 – pthread，\u7528\u6765\u590d\u73b0\u94fe\u63a5\u95ee\u9898）<\/p>\n
mythread:mythread.cc
\ng++ -O0 -o $@ $^ -std=c++11<\/p>\n.PHONY:clean
\nclean:
\nrm -f mythread<\/p>\n\u00a0\u6b63\u786e Makefile（\u5e26\u4e0a – pthread）<\/p>\n
mythread:mythread.cc
\ng++ -O0 -o $@ $^ -pthread -std=c++11<\/p>\n.PHONY:clean
\nclean:
\nrm -f mythread<\/p>\n\u8865\u5145\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n
- \u6587\u4ef6\u540d mythread \u662f\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u8bd1\u53c2\u6570\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f -pthread，\u4e0d\u80fd\u5199\u6210 -pmythread<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u9ad8\u7248\u672c Ubuntu（glibc\u22652.34）\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0d\u52a0 -pthread \u4e0d\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519；\u60f3\u8981\u770b\u5230\u7ecf\u5178\u62a5\u9519 undefined reference to 'pthread_create'，\u9700\u8981\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u7248\u672c\u6dfb\u52a0 -static：<\/li>\n
mythread:mythread.cc
\ng++ -O0 -static -o $@ $^ -std=c++11<\/p>\n.PHONY:clean
\nclean:
\nrm -f mythread<\/p>\n\u4f46\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u6f14\u793a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u822c\u6b63\u5e38\u62a5\u9519\u65f6，\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a：<\/p>\n
\/usr\/bin\/ld: mythread.o: in function `main':
\nmythread.cc:(.text+0x45): undefined reference to `pthread_create'
\ncollect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
\nmake: *** [mythread] Error 1<\/p>\n- \n
- undefined reference to 'pthread_create' \u6838\u5fc3\u9519\u8bef：\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u627e\u4e0d\u5230 pthread_create \u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0；<\/li>\n
- \/usr\/bin\/ld：\u4ee3\u8868\u94fe\u63a5\u9636\u6bb5\u51fa\u9519<\/span>，\u4e0d\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u9636\u6bb5；<\/li>\n
- make: *** [mythread] Error 1 make \u6355\u83b7 g++ \u5f02\u5e38，\u7ec8\u6b62\u6784\u5efa\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c：<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084125-6a6476b5bab8d.png\")
<\/p>\n\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0e\u7ed3\u8bba<\/p>\n
- \u4f7f\u7528ps -aL\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ebf\u7a0b：\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b PID \u4e00\u81f4\u3001LWP \u4e0d\u540c，\u9a8c\u8bc1 Linux \u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b；<\/li>\n
- \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0e\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b PID \u76f8\u540c，\u8bc1\u660e\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4；<\/li>\n
- \u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u6b65\u4fdd\u62a4\u65f6，\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u6253\u5370\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4fe1\u606f\u6df7\u4e71；<\/li>\n
- \u4f7f\u7528 POSIX \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1，\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u4e0a -pthread \u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n
\n\u4ece\u7f16\u8bd1\u95ee\u9898\u6df1\u6316：pthread \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406<\/span><\/p>\n
\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898：\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u63a5\u53e3，\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u89c4\u8303\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f16\u8bd1\u53c2\u6570，\u5728\u4e0d\u540c Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u5f04\u61c2\u80cc\u540e\u539f\u56e0，\u5c31\u8981\u641e\u6e05\u695a pthread \u5e93\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001Linux \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e95\u5c42\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
1.Linux \u5185\u6838\u89c6\u89d2：\u6ca1\u6709 \u201c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u201d，\u53ea\u6709\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b LWP<\/p>\n
Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528task_struct\u63cf\u8ff0\u6240\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6d41，\u5185\u6838\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u6784\u3002 \u5185\u6838\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e95\u5c42\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528 clone()，\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u5165\u4e0d\u540c flags \u53c2\u6570，\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u662f\u5426\u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u8d44\u6e90\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5171\u4eab –>\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b（fork \u5e95\u5c42\u4e5f\u662f\u4f9d\u9760 clone）<\/li>\n
- \u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90 –>\u00a0\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b LWP<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u6240\u8bf4\u7684 \u201c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u201d，\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u4f9d\u9760 LWP \u6a21\u62df\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u89c6\u89d2\u533a\u5206： \u5185\u6838\u89c6\u89d2：\u53ea\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001LWP，\u6ca1\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b； \u7528\u6237 \/ \u5e94\u7528\u89c6\u89d2：\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5e76\u53d1\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528clone()\u53c2\u6570\u7e41\u6742\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u95e8\u69db\u6781\u9ad8，\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u4e0a\u5c42\u5f00\u53d1\u8005，\u4e8e\u662f\u8bde\u751f\u4e86 pthread \u5e93（POSIX \u539f\u751f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93）\u3002 pthread \u5c5e\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u5c42\u5e93，\u5b83\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86clone()\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528，\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6808\u5206\u914d\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c40\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8 TLS \u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u590d\u6742\u5de5\u4f5c，\u5bf9\u5916\u63d0\u4f9bpthread_create\u3001pthread_join\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7b80\u6d01\u6613\u7528\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u5ef6\u4f38：C++11 std::thread \u548c pthread \u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n
C++11 \u65b0\u589e\u4e86std::thread，\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bed\u8a00\u5c42\u9762\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5e76\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u5728 Linux \u5e73\u53f0：std::thread\u5e95\u5c42\u4f9d\u65e7\u5c01\u88c5 pthread \u5e93；<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u5728 Windows \u5e73\u53f0：\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u5c01\u88c5 Windows \u539f\u751f\u7ebf\u7a0b API\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u601d\u8def：\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u5199\u4e24\u5957\u5e95\u5c42\u4ee3\u7801，\u901a\u8fc7\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u533a\u5206\u5e73\u53f0，\u5411\u4e0a\u7edf\u4e00\u66b4\u9732std::thread\u63a5\u53e3，\u4ee5\u6b64\u4fdd\u8bc1 C++ \u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e5f\u4fa7\u9762\u8bf4\u660e：Linux \u4e0b\u4f46\u51e1\u539f\u751f\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u5e95\u5c42\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00 pthread\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u6613\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b：
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084125-6a6476b5d2ae8.png\")
<\/p>\n\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790：<\/p>\n
\u6574\u4f53\u529f\u80fd<\/span><\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7528C++11\u7684std::thread\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5404\u81ea\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u79d2\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0bPID，\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af，\u76f4\u5230\u6309Ctrl+C\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9010\u90e8\u5206\u62c6\u89e3<\/span><\/p>\n
\u5934\u6587\u4ef6iostream\u63d0\u4f9bstd::cout\u8f93\u51fa，thread\u63d0\u4f9bstd::thread\u7c7b，unistd.h\u63d0\u4f9bsleep\u548cgetpid\u51fd\u6570\u3002hello\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u51fd\u6570，\u65e0\u53c2\u65e0\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002\u5185\u90e8\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af，\u6bcf\u6b21\u6253\u5370"\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b：hello world"\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0bPID，\u7136\u540e\u4f11\u7720\u4e00\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n
main\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u7528std::thread t(hello)\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b，hello\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u540d，\u4f20\u5165\u540e\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7acb\u5373\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884chello\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fdb\u5165\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af，\u6253\u5370"\u6211\u662f\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b…"\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0bPID，\u6bcf\u79d2\u4e00\u6b21\u3002t.join()\u8fd9\u884c\u6c38\u8fdc\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u5230，\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u91cc\u51fa\u4e0d\u6765\u3002return 0\u540c\u6837\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084126-6a6476b60a0fb.png\")
<\/p>\n\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084126-6a6476b618c35.png\")
<\/p>\n\u6ce8\u610f：\u54ea\u6015\u4f7f\u7528 C++11 std::thread，Linux \u73af\u5883\u7f16\u8bd1\u4f9d\u65e7\u5efa\u8bae\u5e26\u4e0a -pthread，\u5e95\u5c42\u4f9d\u8d56 pthread！<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u8c61\u89c2\u5bdf<\/p>\n
- \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u7684 pid \u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c（1005197）<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u6587\u5b57\u4ea4\u9519\u3001\u4e71\u5e8f\u62fc\u63a5，<\/span>\u6bd4\u5982： \u6211\u662f\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u2026\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b：hello world, pid: , pid: 10051971005197<\/li>\n
\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e00\u4e0b：<\/p>\n
1.PID \u76f8\u540c\u4ee3\u8868\u4ec0\u4e48？<\/p>\n
Linux \u5185\u6838\u89c6\u89d2：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b LWP<\/span>\u3002 \u591a\u4e2a LWP \u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a PID\u3002 \u5185\u6838\u5185\u90e8\u9760\u4e0d\u540c LWP \u6807\u8bc6\u533a\u5206\u6267\u884c\u6d41，\u5bf9\u5916\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u4e00\u81f4\u3002 \u8fd9\u76f4\u63a5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7406\u8bba：Linux \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u6838\u5bf9\u8c61，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684 LWP\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u6253\u5370\u5185\u5bb9\u6df7\u4e71\u4ea4\u9519\u7684\u539f\u56e0<\/p>\n
std::cout \u8f93\u51fa\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0\u540c\u6b65\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002 \u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u5411\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u51fa，CPU \u8c03\u5ea6\u6765\u56de\u5207\u6362，\u8f93\u51fa\u8bed\u53e5\u88ab\u6253\u65ad\u3001\u7a7f\u63d2，\u51fa\u73b0\u6253\u5370\u4e71\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u62d3\u5c55\u7ed3\u8bba：\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41 \/ \u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90，\u5b58\u5728\u7ade\u4e89\u95ee\u9898，\u60f3\u8981\u6709\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u9700\u8981\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n
3.ID\u4e3a\u5565\u90a3\u4e48\u957f？<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8c03\u7528 std::cout \u8f93\u51fa，\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u9014\u7ebf\u7a0b\u88ab\u5207\u6362，\u4e24\u6bb5\u6253\u5370\u5185\u5bb9\u62fc\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u62c6\u89e3\u8fd9\u6b21\u9519\u4e71：<\/p>\n
- \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6b63\u8981\u6253\u5370：\u6211\u662f\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b…, pid: 1005197<\/li>\n
- \u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u4e00\u534a，CPU \u5207\u6362\u5230\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/li>\n
- \u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb\u6253\u5370：\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b: hello world, pid: 1005197<\/li>\n
- \u4e24\u6bb5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6df7\u6742，\u6570\u5b57\u8fde\u5728\u4e00\u8d77：1005197 + 1005197 \u2192 10051971005197<\/li>\n
\n\u539f\u56e0\u56de\u7b54：<\/p>\n
\u771f\u5b9e PID \u53ea\u6709 1005197\u3002 \u51fa\u73b0\u8d85\u957f\u6570\u5b57，\u662f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u8f93\u51fa\u7ade\u4e89\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6253\u5370\u7a7f\u63d2\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/span> \u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u9501\u4fdd\u62a4，\u540c\u65f6\u5411\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u6253\u5370\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e2d\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u5207\u6362\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 \u4e00\u6761 cout \u8fd8\u5199\u5b8c，\u53e6\u4e00\u6761 cout \u5f00\u59cb\u8f93\u51fa，\u4e24\u6bb5\u6587\u672c\u76f4\u63a5\u62fc\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u5757，\u770b\u8d77\u6765 PID \u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u4e32\u8d85\u957f\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5ef6\u4f38\u7ed3\u8bba：<\/span> std::cout \u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u6253\u5370，\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u4e71\u5e8f\u3001\u7a7f\u63d2\u662f\u5178\u578b\u5e76\u53d1\u7ade\u4e89\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u6709\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa，\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e92\u65a5\u9501（mutex）\u4fdd\u62a4\u6253\u5370\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u548c\u524d\u9762\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u4e32\u8054<\/p>\n
- \u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 C++11 std::thread \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b；<\/li>\n
- \u5728 Linux \u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b，std::thread\u5e95\u5c42\u4f9d\u65e7\u5c01\u88c5 pthread \u5e93；<\/li>\n
- \u6240\u4ee5\u7f16\u8bd1\u547d\u4ee4\u5fc5\u987b\u5e26\u4e0a -pthread：<\/li>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230：\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0e\u65b0\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6253\u5370\u7684 PID \u4e00\u81f4\u3002 \u8bc1\u660e\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90，\u5370\u8bc1 Linux \u7ebf\u7a0b\u57fa\u4e8e\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b LWP \u5b9e\u73b0\u3002 \u540c\u65f6\u7ec8\u7aef\u6253\u5370\u4fe1\u606f\u6742\u4e71\u4ea4\u9519，\u8bf4\u660e\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u8f93\u51fa\u5b58\u5728\u7ade\u4e89，\u7f3a\u5c11\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa\u4f1a\u4e92\u76f8\u7a7f\u63d2\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u8865\u5145\u533a\u5206\u6613\u6df7\u63a5\u53e3 clone () \u4e0e vfork ()<\/p>\n
vfork()\u540c\u6837\u8ba9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4，\u4f46\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u5173： vfork \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540e\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u8877\u53ea\u4e3a\u5feb\u901f\u6267\u884c exec \u66ff\u6362\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u4e0d\u8981\u548c LWP \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6982\u5ff5\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084126-6a6476b62dd2c.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084126-6a6476b65954b.png\")
<\/p>\n\u5b9e\u9a8c\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n
- Linux \u5185\u6838\u65e0\u539f\u751f\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5c42 pthread \u5e93，\u57fa\u4e8eclone()\u521b\u5efa LWP \u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u73b0；<\/li>\n
- pthread \u5e93\u5c01\u88c5\u5e95\u5c42\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528，\u7ed9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b API；<\/li>\n
- C++11 std::thread \u5728 Linux \u5e95\u5c42\u4f9d\u8d56 pthread，\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u4f9d\u9760\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b9e\u73b0；<\/li>\n
- \u7f16\u8bd1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u89c4\u8303\u5199\u6cd5\u5fc5\u987b\u589e\u52a0 -pthread，\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u65b0\u7248\u672c glibc \u7279\u6027\u7701\u7565\u53c2\u6570，\u4fdd\u969c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e0e\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
\n<\/h4>\n
\u73b0\u8c61\u89e3\u91ca<\/p>\n
- PID \u76f8\u540c：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672c\u8d28 LWP，\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f52\u5c5e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b ID；<\/li>\n
- \u6253\u5370\u6df7\u4e71：\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5cstd::cout，\u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u6b65\u4fdd\u62a4，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5207\u6362\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7f\u63d2\u3002<\/li>\n
\n\u5b9e\u9a8c \u4e8c：\u62d3\u5c55\u5b9e\u9a8c \u2014\u2014 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83\u7279<\/h4>\n
\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e00\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6539\u9020，\u9a8c\u8bc1：\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83，\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5168\u90e8\u9000\u51fa<\/span><\/p>\n
#include <iostream>
\n#include <pthread.h>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <string><\/p>\nvoid* threadrun(void* args)
\n{
\n std::string name = (const char*)args;
\n while(true)
\n {
\n sleep(1);
\n std::cout << "\u6211\u662f\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b: name: " << name << ", pid: " << getpid() << std::endl;
\n \/\/ \u89e6\u53d1\u9664\u96f6\u9519\u8bef，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83
\n int a = 10;
\n a \/= 0;
\n }
\n return nullptr;
\n}<\/p>\nint main()
\n{
\n pthread_t tid;
\n pthread_create(&tid, nullptr, threadrun, (void*)"thread-1");<\/p>\nwhile(true)
\n {
\n std::cout << "\u6211\u662f\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b…, pid: " << getpid() << std::endl;
\n sleep(1);
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790：<\/p>\n
\u6574\u4f53\u529f\u80fd<\/span><\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7528 C \u98ce\u683c\u7684 pthread \u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cc\u6545\u610f\u89e6\u53d1\u9664\u96f6\u9519\u8bef，\u7528\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u201c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u529f\u80fd<\/span><\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570 "thread-1"\u3002\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u79d2\u6253\u5370\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0bPID，\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u00a0a \/= 0\u00a0\u89e6\u53d1\u9664\u96f6\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u79d2\u6253\u5370\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u548cPID\u3002\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83\u540e\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa，\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e5f\u8ddf\u7740\u4e00\u8d77\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9010\u90e8\u5206\u62c6\u89e3<\/span><\/p>\n
\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 iostream \u7528\u4e8e cout \u8f93\u51fa，pthread.h \u63d0\u4f9b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570，unistd.h \u63d0\u4f9b sleep \u548c getpid，string \u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
threadrun \u662f\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5165\u53e3\u51fd\u6570，\u53c2\u6570\u662f void* \u7c7b\u578b，\u4f20\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 "thread-1"，\u5f3a\u8f6c\u6210 const char* \u540e\u6784\u9020\u4e3a std::string\u3002\u8fdb\u5165\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u540e\u5148\u4f11\u7720\u4e00\u79d2，\u7136\u540e\u6253\u5370\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\u3002\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u58f0\u660e int a = 10，\u6267\u884c\u00a0a \/= 0，\u9664\u96f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u786c\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38，CPU \u4ea7\u751f\u9677\u9631，\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5411\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001 SIGFPE \u4fe1\u53f7，\u9ed8\u8ba4\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
main \u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u58f0\u660e pthread_t tid，\u8c03\u7528 pthread_create \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u5165 "thread-1" \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5165\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u540e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fdb\u5165\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af，\u6bcf\u79d2\u6253\u5370 "\u6211\u662f\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b…" \u548c\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084126-6a6476b6810c7.png\")
<\/p>\n\u73b0\u8c61\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e00\u4e0b：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0e\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6253\u5370 pid \u76f8\u540c \u518d\u6b21\u9a8c\u8bc1：Linux \u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b LWP，\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c a \/= 0，\u89e6\u53d1\u9664\u96f6\u786c\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38（SIGFPE） Linux \u4fe1\u53f7\u673a\u5236：\u4fe1\u53f7\u9488\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u751f\u6548<\/span>\u3002 \u5f02\u5e38\u5728\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f，\u4fe1\u53f7\u9012\u9001\u7ed9\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9500\u6bc1\u5168\u90e8\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u3002 \u00a0\u6838\u5fc3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u8bba：\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u89e6\u53d1\u81f4\u547d\u5f02\u5e38，\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa，\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e00\u540c\u6d88\u5931<\/span>\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u6545\u969c\u9694\u79bb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u603b\u7ed3：\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u9694\u79bb，\u4efb\u610f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u89e6\u53d1\u81f4\u547d\u9519\u8bef，\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u5f88\u4f4e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f3a\u70b9<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e09：pthread \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u4e0e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u89c2\u5bdf<\/h4>\n
\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
#include <iostream>
\n#include <cstdio>
\n#include <string>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <pthread.h><\/p>\nint flag = 100;<\/p>\n
void showtid(pthread_t &tid)
\n{
\n printf("tid: 0x%lx\\\\n", tid);
\n}<\/p>\nstd::string FormatId(const pthread_t &tid)
\n{
\n char id[64];
\n snprintf(id, sizeof(id), "0x%lx", tid);
\n return id;
\n}<\/p>\nvoid *routine(void *args)
\n{
\n std::string name = static_cast<const char *>(args);
\n pthread_t tid = pthread_self();
\n int cnt = 5;
\n while (cnt)
\n {
\n std::cout << "\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b: \u6211\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u662f: " << name << " \u6211\u7684Id\u662f: " << FormatId(tid) << std::endl;
\n sleep(1);
\n cnt–;
\n flag++;
\n }
\n return (void*)123;
\n}<\/p>\nint main()
\n{
\n pthread_t tid;
\n int n = pthread_create(&tid, nullptr, routine, (void *)"thread-1");<\/p>\nshowtid(tid);<\/p>\n
int cnt = 5;
\n while (cnt)
\n {
\n std::cout << "\u6211\u662fmain\u7ebf\u7a0b: \u6211\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u662f: main thread" << " \u6211\u7684Id\u662f: "
\n << FormatId(pthread_self()) << ", flag: " << flag << std::endl;
\n sleep(1);
\n cnt–;
\n }<\/p>\nvoid *ret = nullptr;
\n pthread_join(tid, &ret);<\/p>\nstd::cout << "ret is : " << (long long int)ret << std::endl;<\/p>\n
return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790：<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bd4\u4e4b\u524d\u7684demo\u591a\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b0\u4e1c\u897f：\u83b7\u53d6\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u56de\u6536\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5171\u4eab\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6574\u4f53\u529f\u80fd<\/span><\/p>\n
\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5404\u81ea\u6253\u53705\u6b21\u6d88\u606f\u540e\u9000\u51fa，\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fee\u6539\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cfflag，\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u5e76\u56de\u6536\u5b83\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9010\u90e8\u5206\u62c6\u89e3<\/span><\/p>\n
\u5f00\u5934\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u00a0int flag = 100，\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab，\u7528\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u4efd\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
showtid\u51fd\u6570\u7528printf\u6253\u5370\u7ebf\u7a0bID，\u683c\u5f0f\u662f16\u8fdb\u5236\u3002FormatId\u51fd\u6570\u628apthread_t\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u8f6c\u621016\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u5185\u90e8\u7528snprintf\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4\u518d\u8f6c\u6210string\u8fd4\u56de\u3002pthread_t\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6574\u6570\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u752816\u8fdb\u5236\u6253\u5370\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
routine\u662f\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5165\u53e3\u51fd\u6570，\u53c2\u6570\u662fvoid*，\u4f20\u8fdb\u6765\u540e\u5f3a\u8f6c\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540d\u5b57\u3002pthread_t tid = pthread_self()\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684ID\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49cnt=5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570，\u6bcf\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u6253\u5370\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540d\u5b57\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0bID，\u7136\u540esleep(1)，cnt\u51cf1，flag\u52a01\u3002\u5faa\u73af5\u6b21\u540e\u9000\u51fa，\u8fd4\u56de(void*)123\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
main\u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u58f0\u660epthread_t tid，\u8c03\u7528pthread_create\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u4f20\u5165"thread-1"\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u540e\u8c03\u7528showtid\u6253\u5370\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684ID\u3002\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6837\u5faa\u73af5\u6b21，\u6bcf\u6b21\u6253\u5370\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fe1\u606f，\u5305\u62ec\u7528FormatId(pthread_self())\u83b7\u53d6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684ID，\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bfb\u53d6flag\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u8c03\u7528pthread_join(tid, &ret)\u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f，ret\u63a5\u6536\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u3002\u6700\u540e\u6253\u5370ret\u7684\u503c，\u5f3a\u8f6c\u6210long long int\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
makefile<\/p>\n
mythread:mythread.cc
\ng++ -O0 -o $@ $^ -std=c++11 -pthread
\n.PHONY:clean
\nclean:
\nrm -f mythread<\/p>\n\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260725084126-6a6476b690693.png\")
<\/p>\n\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u73b0\u8c61<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e，\u7ec8\u7aef\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u6761\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b ID： \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b Id：0x7fc8d6d313c0 \u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b Id：0x7fc8d6d2d640<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf flag \u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u662f 100，\u968f\u7740\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fd0\u884c，\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6253\u5370\u7684 flag \u6162\u6162\u53d8\u6210 102\u3001103\u3001104，\u6570\u503c\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u6da8\u3002 \u7b49\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5faa\u73af\u5168\u90e8\u8dd1\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6700\u540e\u6253\u5370 ret is : 123\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u8c61\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n
- \n
\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u6709\u7684 tid，\u901a\u8fc7pthread_self()\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u3002 \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 tid \u662f pthread \u5e93\u5728\u7528\u6237\u5c42\u7ed9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6807\u8bc6，\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u8981\u6ce8\u610f，\u8fd9\u4e2a tid \u4e0d\u662f\u5185\u6838\u91cc\u9762\u7684 LWP \u7f16\u53f7\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e5f\u770b\u5230，\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528 getpid \u62ff\u5230\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4fee\u6539\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf flag，\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u5230\u4fee\u6539\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898，\u5982\u679c\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf，\u4e0d\u52a0\u4fdd\u62a4\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528pthread_join\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u3002 \u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6b63\u5e38\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u5faa\u73af，return \u8fd4\u56de (void*) 123，\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7 join \u62ff\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c，\u6700\u540e\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u3002 \u80fd\u591f\u770b\u51fa，pthread_join \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u76ee\u6807\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5，\u5e76\u4e14\u63a5\u6536\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e32\u8054\u5f97\u5230\u91cd\u8981\u7ed3\u8bba<\/p>\n
pthread_join \u53ea\u6709\u5728\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6b63\u5e38\u8dd1\u5b8c\u4ee3\u7801\u624d\u6709\u7528\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u90e8\u51fa\u73b0\u9664\u96f6\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5d29\u6e83，\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u53f7，\u76f4\u63a5\u5e72\u6389\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u4ee3\u7801\u6839\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u5230 pthread_join\u3002 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4 join \u4e0d\u80fd\u6355\u83b7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f02\u5e38\u5d29\u6e83\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u4f9d\u9760 join \u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3：<\/p>\n
- \u540c\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5c42 tid，\u4f46\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fdb\u7a0b PID \u4e00\u81f4；<\/li>\n
- \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4，\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u76f8\u53ef\u89c1；<\/li>\n
- pthread_join \u53ef\u4ee5\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f，\u83b7\u53d6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c；<\/li>\n
- join \u673a\u5236\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83，\u5355\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u89e6\u53d1\u81f4\u547d\u5f02\u5e38，\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4f1a\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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