{"id":82038,"date":"2026-07-25T06:11:28","date_gmt":"2026-07-24T22:11:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/82038.html"},"modified":"2026-07-25T06:11:28","modified_gmt":"2026-07-24T22:11:28","slug":"spring-boot-starter-web-%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e4%be%9d%e8%b5%96%e5%88%b0%e5%86%85%e5%b5%8c%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e5%90%af%e5%8a%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/82038.html","title":{"rendered":"Spring Boot Starter Web \u539f\u7406\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u4f9d\u8d56\u5230\u5185\u5d4c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u542f\u52a8\u6d41\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Spring Boot \u7684\u00a0spring-boot-starter-web\u00a0\u662f\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570 Java Web \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Starter\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce8\u89e3\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a main \u65b9\u6cd5，\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u8dd1\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u2014\u2014DispatcherServlet \u81ea\u52a8\u6ce8\u518c\u597d\u4e86，Tomcat \u5185\u5d4c\u542f\u52a8\u597d\u4e86，\u8fde JSON \u8f6c\u6362\u5668\u90fd\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u7eea\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u4ece\u6e90\u7801\u5c42\u9762\u5256\u6790\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6574\u4f53\u67b6\u6784：starter-web \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u56db\u5c42<\/h3>\n

spring-boot-starter-web\u00a0\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9075\u5faa"\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528"\u7684\u7406\u5ff5，\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u529b\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u56db\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21：<\/p>\n\n\u5c42\u6b21\u8f7d\u4f53\u804c\u8d23<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42<\/td>\nspring-boot-starter-web\u00a0pom<\/td>\n\u805a\u5408\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u9700\u4f9d\u8d56，\u7edf\u4e00\u7248\u672c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u5c42<\/td>\nspring-boot-autoconfigure<\/td>\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u6761\u4ef6\u5316\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5bb9\u5668\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42<\/td>\nspring-boot\u00a0\u4e2d\u7684 WebServer \u63a5\u53e3<\/td>\n\u62bd\u8c61 Tomcat\/Jetty\/Undertow<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5c42<\/td>\n\u5b9e\u9645\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5185\u5d4c\u5bb9\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/td>\n\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u4ece\u6700\u5916\u5c42\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5f00\u59cb，\u9010\u5c42\u6df1\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42：\u8d77\u6b65\u4f9d\u8d56\u2014\u2014Starter \u5982\u4f55"\u805a\u5408"\u4e00\u5207<\/h3>\n

2.1 \u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56，\u5168\u5bb6\u6876\u5230\u4f4d<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u00a0pom.xml\u00a0\u4e2d\u53ea\u9700\u6dfb\u52a0：<\/p>\n

xml<\/p>\n

<dependency>
\n <groupId>org.springframework.boot<\/groupId>
\n <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web<\/artifactId>
\n<\/dependency><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u884c Java \u4ee3\u7801，\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u805a\u5408\u5668\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u5b83\u7684 pom \u6587\u4ef6，\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u5f15\u5165\u4e86：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    spring-boot-starter\u2014\u2014\u6838\u5fc3\u573a\u666f\u542f\u52a8\u5668（\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u57fa\u7840）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    spring-boot-starter-tomcat\u2014\u2014\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5185\u5d4c\u5bb9\u5668<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    spring-web\u00a0\u548c\u00a0spring-webmvc\u2014\u2014Spring MVC \u6846\u67b6<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    spring-boot-starter-json\u2014\u2014Jackson JSON \u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f：\u7248\u672c\u7531 Spring Boot \u7236\u9879\u76ee\u7edf\u4e00\u4ef2\u88c1，\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u65e0\u9700\u5173\u5fc3\u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.2 \u6838\u5fc3\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u4f20\u9012<\/h4>\n

    text<\/p>\n

    spring-boot-starter-web
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 spring-boot-starter
    \n \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 spring-boot-autoconfigure \u2190 \u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6838\u5fc3\u5305
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 spring-boot-starter-tomcat
    \n \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 tomcat-embed-core \u2190 \u5185\u5d4c Tomcat
    \n \u251c\u2500\u2500 spring-webmvc \u2190 Spring MVC
    \n \u2514\u2500\u2500 spring-boot-starter-json
    \n \u2514\u2500\u2500 jackson-databind \u2190 JSON \u652f\u6301<\/p>\n

    \u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u00a0spring-boot-autoconfigure\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86 Spring Boot \u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b（\u7ea6 100+ \u4e2a），\u5176\u4e2d\u5c31\u5305\u62ec Web MVC \u548c\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e09\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42：\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u2014\u2014\u6761\u4ef6\u5316\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n

    3.1 @SpringBootApplication \u7684"\u4e09\u5408\u4e00"\u8eab\u4efd<\/h4>\n

    \u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7c7b\u7684\u00a0@SpringBootApplication\u00a0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5408\u6ce8\u89e3：<\/p>\n

    java<\/p>\n

    @SpringBootConfiguration \/\/ \u672c\u8d28\u662f @Configuration
    \n@EnableAutoConfiguration \/\/ \u5f00\u542f\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e \u2190 \u6838\u5fc3
    \n@ComponentScan \/\/ \u7ec4\u4ef6\u626b\u63cf
    \npublic @interface SpringBootApplication {}<\/p>\n

    \u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\u00a0@EnableAutoConfiguration\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)，\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4f1a\u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

    3.2 spring.factories \u4e0e AutoConfiguration.imports<\/h4>\n

    Spring Boot 2.7 \u4e4b\u540e，\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4ece\u00a0META-INF\/spring.factories\u00a0\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u4e86\u00a0META-INF\/spring\/org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration.imports\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5019\u9009\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b\u7684\u5168\u9650\u5b9a\u540d：<\/p>\n

    text<\/p>\n

    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration
    \norg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration
    \norg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration
    \n…<\/p>\n

    Spring Boot \u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6，\u5c06\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u7c7b\u5168\u90e8\u52a0\u8f7d\u2014\u2014\u6ce8\u610f\u662f"\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58"，\u800c\u975e"\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u6548"\u3002\u662f\u5426\u771f\u6b63\u751f\u6548，\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7c7b\u4e0a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6ce8\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

    3.3 \u6761\u4ef6\u6ce8\u89e3：\u6309\u9700\u751f\u6548\u7684"\u5f00\u5173"<\/h4>\n

    \u4ee5\u00a0WebMvcAutoConfiguration\u00a0\u4e3a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

    java<\/p>\n

    @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
    \n@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class })
    \n@ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = Type.SERVLET)
    \n@AutoConfigureAfter(DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class)
    \npublic class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
    \n \/\/ \u914d\u7f6e RequestMappingHandlerMapping\u3001RequestMappingHandlerAdapter \u7b49
    \n}<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u6ce8\u89e3\u7684\u542b\u4e49：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      @ConditionalOnClass(Servlet.class)：\u7c7b\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u00a0Servlet.class（web \u9879\u76ee\u5929\u7136\u6ee1\u8db3）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      @ConditionalOnWebApplication：\u5fc5\u987b\u662f Servlet \u7c7b\u578b\u7684 Web \u5e94\u7528<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      @AutoConfigureAfter：\u5728\u00a0DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration\u00a0\u4e4b\u540e\u6267\u884c，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u518d\u770b\u00a0DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration\u00a0\u5185\u90e8：<\/p>\n

      java<\/p>\n

      @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
      \n@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class })
      \n@EnableConfigurationProperties(WebMvcProperties.class)
      \npublic class DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration {<\/p>\n

      @Configuration
      \n @Conditional(DefaultDispatcherServletCondition.class)
      \n @EnableConfigurationProperties(WebMvcProperties.class)
      \n protected static class DispatcherServletConfiguration {
      \n @Bean
      \n public DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet() {
      \n return new DispatcherServlet();
      \n }
      \n }
      \n}<\/p>\n

      \u53ea\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3，Spring Boot \u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06 DispatcherServlet \u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d，\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u65e0\u9700\u518d\u5199 web.xml \u6216 @Bean \u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

      3.4 \u5c5e\u6027\u7ed1\u5b9a：\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5982\u4f55\u6ce8\u5165<\/h4>\n

      \u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b\u901a\u5e38\u914d\u5408\u00a0@EnableConfigurationProperties\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528，\u5c06\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 POJO：<\/p>\n

      java<\/p>\n

      @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "server")
      \npublic class ServerProperties {
      \n private Integer port = 8080; \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3
      \n \/\/ getter\/setter
      \n}<\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u6837，application.yml\u00a0\u4e2d\u7684\u00a0server.port=9090\u00a0\u5c31\u80fd\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u56db\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42：\u5185\u5d4c\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u88c5\u914d\u4e0e\u542f\u52a8<\/h3>\n

      4.1 \u5bb9\u5668\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n

      \u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f Web \u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u88c5\u914d\u7531\u00a0ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration\u00a0\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u6839\u636e classpath \u4e2d\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56，\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5de5\u5382 bean：<\/p>\n

      java<\/p>\n

      @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
      \n@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
      \n@ConditionalOnClass(ServletRequest.class)
      \n@EnableConfigurationProperties(ServerProperties.class)
      \npublic class ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration {
      \n \/\/ \u5bfc\u5165\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u914d\u7f6e
      \n}<\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u90e8\u00a0@Import\u00a0\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b：<\/p>\n

      text<\/p>\n

      @Import({
      \n ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration.BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class,
      \n ServletWebServerFactoryConfiguration.EmbeddedTomcat.class, \/\/ Tomcat
      \n ServletWebServerFactoryConfiguration.EmbeddedJetty.class, \/\/ Jetty
      \n ServletWebServerFactoryConfiguration.EmbeddedUndertow.class \/\/ Undertow
      \n})<\/p>\n

      Tomcat \u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684，\u56e0\u4e3a\u00a0spring-boot-starter-web\u00a0\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u00a0spring-boot-starter-tomcat\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u5207\u6362\u5230 Jetty，\u53ea\u9700\u6392\u9664 Tomcat \u5e76\u5f15\u5165 Jetty \u4f9d\u8d56\u5373\u53ef：<\/p>\n

      xml<\/p>\n

      <dependency>
      \n <groupId>org.springframework.boot<\/groupId>
      \n <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web<\/artifactId>
      \n <exclusions>
      \n <exclusion>
      \n <groupId>org.springframework.boot<\/groupId>
      \n <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat<\/artifactId>
      \n <\/exclusion>
      \n <\/exclusions>
      \n<\/dependency>
      \n<dependency>
      \n <groupId>org.springframework.boot<\/groupId>
      \n <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty<\/artifactId>
      \n<\/dependency><\/p>\n

      4.2 \u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u673a：onRefresh()<\/h4>\n

      \u5185\u5d4c\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u53d1\u751f\u5728 Spring \u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u00a0refresh()\u00a0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext（\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7c7b）\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea\u00a0ServletWebServerApplicationContext，\u540e\u8005\u91cd\u5199\u4e86\u00a0onRefresh()\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

      java<\/p>\n

      \/\/ ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java
      \n@Override
      \nprotected void onRefresh() {
      \n super.onRefresh();
      \n try {
      \n createWebServer(); \/\/ \u5173\u952e：\u521b\u5efa Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668
      \n } catch (Throwable ex) {
      \n throw new ApplicationContextException("Unable to start web server", ex);
      \n }
      \n}<\/p>\n

      private void createWebServer() {
      \n \/\/ \u4ece\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6 ServletWebServerFactory（\u5373 TomcatServletWebServerFactory）
      \n ServletWebServerFactory factory = getWebServerFactory();
      \n \/\/ \u521b\u5efa WebServer \u5b9e\u4f8b
      \n this.webServer = factory.getWebServer(getSelfInitializer());
      \n \/\/ \u89e6\u53d1 ServletContext \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8b\u4ef6
      \n getSelfInitializer().onStartup(this.webServer.getServletContext());
      \n}<\/p>\n

      factory.getWebServer()\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b：<\/p>\n

    • \n

      \u521b\u5efa Tomcat \u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u521b\u5efa Connector（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3 8080，\u53ef\u901aServerProperties\u914d\u7f6e\u8986\u76d6）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u914d\u7f6e Engine\u3001Host\u3001Context<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u8fd4\u56de\u00a0TomcatWebServer\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61（\u6b64\u65f6\u5bb9\u5668\u5c1a\u672a\u542f\u52a8，\u53ea\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u521d\u59cb\u5316）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      4.3 \u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u673a：finishRefresh()<\/h4>\n

      \u5bb9\u5668\u5728\u00a0onRefresh()\u00a0\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6210，\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u542f\u52a8\u662f\u5728\u00a0finishRefresh()\u00a0\u9636\u6bb5：<\/p>\n

      java<\/p>\n

      \/\/ ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java
      \n@Override
      \nprotected void finishRefresh() {
      \n super.finishRefresh();
      \n startWebServer(); \/\/ \u542f\u52a8 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668
      \n publishEvent(new ServletWebServerInitializedEvent(this.webServer, this));
      \n}<\/p>\n

      private void startWebServer() {
      \n WebServer webServer = getWebServer();
      \n if (webServer != null) {
      \n webServer.start(); \/\/ \u542f\u52a8 Tomcat
      \n }
      \n}<\/p>\n

      \u8fdb\u5165\u00a0TomcatWebServer.start()\u00a0\u5185\u90e8：<\/p>\n

      java<\/p>\n

      \/\/ TomcatWebServer.java
      \npublic void start() throws WebServerException {
      \n synchronized (this.monitor) {
      \n if (this.started) {
      \n return;
      \n }
      \n try {
      \n addPreviouslyRemovedConnectors();
      \n \/\/ \u542f\u52a8 Tomcat \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5
      \n Tomcat tomcat = getTomcat();
      \n tomcat.start();
      \n \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5 Connector \u662f\u5426\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f
      \n rethrowDeferredStartupExceptions();
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      \n }
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