{"id":81598,"date":"2026-07-25T02:59:27","date_gmt":"2026-07-24T18:59:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/81598.html"},"modified":"2026-07-25T02:59:27","modified_gmt":"2026-07-24T18:59:27","slug":"python-%e5%bc%82%e6%ad%a5%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%8d%8f%e7%a8%8b%e8%b0%83%e5%ba%a6%e5%88%b0%e9%ab%98%e5%b9%b6%e5%8f%91%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e8%b0%83%e4%bc%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/81598.html","title":{"rendered":"Python \u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u534f\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18"},"content":{"rendered":"

Python \u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b：\u4ece\u534f\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u963b\u585e\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7<\/h3>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684 Python Web \u670d\u52a1\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f1a\u5728 I\/O \u7b49\u5f85\u671f\u95f4\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u5360\u7528\u3002\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fbe\u5230 200 \u65f6，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d，\u65b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u5f85，\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece 50ms \u98d9\u5347\u5230 3 \u79d2\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21 requests.get() \u6216 db.execute()，\u90fd\u5728\u9690\u5f0f\u5730\u5236\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u963b\u585e\u70b9\u3002\u4f4e\u5e76\u53d1\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u963b\u585e\u70b9\u6ca1\u6709\u5b58\u5728\u611f，\u6d41\u91cf\u7ffb\u500d\u540e，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6ee1\u4e86，\u961f\u5217\u6ee1\u4e86，\u670d\u52a1\u7194\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u662f"\u66f4\u5feb"，\u800c\u662f\u5728 I\/O \u7b49\u5f85\u671f\u95f4\u91ca\u653e\u6267\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u95f4\u9699\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u5904\u7406\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u534f\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n

Python \u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5f15\u64ce\u662f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af（Event Loop）\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u5236，\u662f\u4ece"\u4f1a\u7528 async\/await"\u5230"\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\u80fd"\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n

sequenceDiagram
\n participant Main as \u4e3b\u534f\u7a0b
\n participant Loop as \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af
\n participant IO as I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c
\n participant Ready as \u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217<\/p>\n

Main->>Loop: \u63d0\u4ea4\u534f\u7a0b task_1
\n Main->>Loop: \u63d0\u4ea4\u534f\u7a0b task_2
\n Main->>Loop: \u63d0\u4ea4\u534f\u7a0b task_3<\/p>\n

Note over Loop: \u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u5ea6\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n

Loop->>task_1: \u6062\u590d\u6267\u884c
\n task_1->>Loop: await io_read() \u2192 \u6302\u8d77
\n Loop->>IO: \u6ce8\u518c fd \u53ef\u8bfb\u56de\u8c03
\n Loop->>Ready: task_1 \u52a0\u5165\u7b49\u5f85\u96c6<\/p>\n

Loop->>task_2: \u6062\u590d\u6267\u884c
\n task_2->>Loop: await io_write() \u2192 \u6302\u8d77
\n Loop->>IO: \u6ce8\u518c fd \u53ef\u5199\u56de\u8c03
\n Loop->>Ready: task_2 \u52a0\u5165\u7b49\u5f85\u96c6<\/p>\n

Loop->>task_3: \u6062\u590d\u6267\u884c
\n task_3->>Loop: \u8ba1\u7b97\u5b8c\u6210，\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n

IO–>>Loop: fd \u53ef\u8bfb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea
\n Loop->>task_1: \u6062\u590d\u6267\u884c
\n task_1->>Loop: \u8ba1\u7b97\u5b8c\u6210，\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n

IO–>>Loop: fd \u53ef\u5199\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea
\n Loop->>task_2: \u6062\u590d\u6267\u884c
\n task_2->>Loop: \u8ba1\u7b97\u5b8c\u6210，\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n

2.1 \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u8c03\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b<\/h4>\n

\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u7ecf\u5386\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5：<\/p>\n

\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00：\u68c0\u67e5\u5c31\u7eea\u7684 I\/O \u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 epoll（Linux）\u6216 kqueue（macOS）\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528，\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u5c31\u7eea\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u534f\u7a0b\u79fb\u5165\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9636\u6bb5\u4e8c：\u6267\u884c\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u534f\u7a0b\u3002\u4f9d\u6b21\u6062\u590d\u5c31\u7eea\u534f\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c，\u76f4\u5230\u534f\u7a0b\u9047\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a await \u6302\u8d77\u70b9\u6216\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u534f\u7a0b\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u5e94\u8fc7\u957f，\u5426\u5219\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u7a0b\u4f1a\u88ab\u997f\u6b7b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9636\u6bb5\u4e09：\u5904\u7406\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u548c\u56de\u8c03\u3002\u6267\u884c\u5230\u671f\u7684 call_later \u56de\u8c03\u548c ensure_future \u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n

2.2 await \u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/h4>\n

await \u4e0d\u662f"\u7b49\u5f85\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de"，\u800c\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u8ba9\u51fa\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u7ed9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u534f\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u5230 await coro() \u65f6，\u5c06\u6267\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u6253\u5305\u6210\u751f\u6210\u5668\u5e27，\u6302\u8d77\u5230\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u8c03\u5ea6\u5176\u4ed6\u5c31\u7eea\u534f\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u3002\u88ab await \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u6062\u590d\u8be5\u534f\u7a0b，\u4ece\u6302\u8d77\u70b9\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740：\u5982\u679c\u5728\u534f\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6267\u884c CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u540c\u6b65\u8ba1\u7b97（\u6bd4\u5982 1000 \u4e07\u6b21\u7684\u5faa\u73af），\u8fd9\u4e2a\u534f\u7a0b\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b8c\u6210\u524d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u51fa\u63a7\u5236\u6743，\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u88ab\u963b\u585e，\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u7a0b\u90fd\u88ab\u997f\u6b7b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f Python \u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u9677\u9631\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5f02\u6b65 HTTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u8c03\u4f18<\/h3>\n

import asyncio
\nimport time
\nfrom dataclasses import dataclass, field
\nfrom typing import Any, Optional<\/p>\n

import aiohttp<\/p>\n

@dataclass
\nclass RetryPolicy:
\n """\u91cd\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\u2014\u2014\u63a7\u5236\u9000\u907f\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u975e\u7b80\u5355\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570"""
\n max_retries: int = 3
\n base_delay: float = 0.5 # \u57fa\u7840\u9000\u907f\u65f6\u95f4（\u79d2）
\n max_delay: float = 8.0 # \u9000\u907f\u4e0a\u9650，\u907f\u514d\u7b49\u5f85\u8fc7\u4e45
\n backoff_factor: float = 2.0 # \u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f\u56e0\u5b50
\n retryable_statuses: set[int] = field(
\n default_factory=lambda: {502, 503, 504}
\n )
\n # \u53ea\u5bf9\u7f51\u5173\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef\u91cd\u8bd5，4xx \u4e0d\u91cd\u8bd5\u2014\u2014\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9519\u8bef\u91cd\u8bd5\u65e0\u610f\u4e49<\/p>\n

class AsyncHTTPClient:
\n """\u751f\u4ea7\u7ea7\u5f02\u6b65 HTTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u2014\u2014\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u590d\u7528 + \u8d85\u65f6 + \u91cd\u8bd5"""<\/p>\n

def __init__(
\n self,
\n pool_size: int = 100,
\n per_host_limit: int = 20,
\n connect_timeout: float = 5.0,
\n read_timeout: float = 30.0,
\n retry_policy: Optional[RetryPolicy] = None,
\n ):
\n self.pool_size = pool_size
\n self.per_host_limit = per_host_limit
\n self.connect_timeout = connect_timeout
\n self.read_timeout = read_timeout
\n self.retry_policy = retry_policy or RetryPolicy()<\/p>\n

# \u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u9650\u5236\u5668：\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u6570
\n # \u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u9020\u6210\u8fc7\u5927\u538b\u529b
\n self._host_semaphores: dict[str, asyncio.Semaphore] = {}
\n self._session: Optional[aiohttp.ClientSession] = None<\/p>\n

async def _get_session(self) -> aiohttp.ClientSession:
\n """\u61d2\u521d\u59cb\u5316 Session\u2014\u2014\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u5185\u521b\u5efa"""
\n if self._session is None or self._session.closed:
\n # TCPConnector \u914d\u7f6e\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u53c2\u6570
\n connector = aiohttp.TCPConnector(
\n limit=self.pool_size, # \u603b\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u5927\u5c0f
\n limit_per_host=self.per_host_limit, # \u5355\u4e3b\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u9650
\n ttl_dns_cache=300, # DNS \u7f13\u5b58 5 \u5206\u949f，\u51cf\u5c11\u89e3\u6790\u5f00\u9500
\n enable_cleanup_closed=True, # \u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u7406\u5df2\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5
\n )
\n timeout = aiohttp.ClientTimeout(
\n sock_connect=self.connect_timeout,
\n sock_read=self.read_timeout,
\n )
\n self._session = aiohttp.ClientSession(
\n connector=connector,
\n timeout=timeout,
\n )
\n return self._session<\/p>\n

def _get_host_semaphore(self, host: str) -> asyncio.Semaphore:
\n """\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u5206\u914d\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u2014\u2014\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236"""
\n if host not in self._host_semaphores:
\n self._host_semaphores[host] = asyncio.Semaphore(self.per_host_limit)
\n return self._host_semaphores[host]<\/p>\n

async def _execute_with_retry(
\n self,
\n method: str,
\n url: str,
\n **kwargs: Any,
\n ) -> aiohttp.ClientResponse:
\n """\u5e26\u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u6267\u884c\u2014\u2014\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4e0b\u6e38\u6296\u52a8\u65f6\u96ea\u5d29"""
\n policy = self.retry_policy
\n last_exception: Optional[Exception] = None<\/p>\n

for attempt in range(policy.max_retries + 1):
\n try:
\n session = await self._get_session()
\n async with session.request(method, url, **kwargs) as resp:
\n if resp.status in policy.retryable_statuses:
\n last_exception = Exception(
\n f"\u53ef\u91cd\u8bd5\u7684 HTTP \u72b6\u6001\u7801: {resp.status}"
\n )
\n else:
\n return resp
\n except (aiohttp.ClientError, asyncio.TimeoutError) as exc:
\n last_exception = exc<\/p>\n

if attempt < policy.max_retries:
\n # \u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f：0.5s \u2192 1s \u2192 2s \u2192 4s \u2192 8s（\u4e0a\u9650）
\n delay = min(
\n policy.base_delay * (policy.backoff_factor ** attempt),
\n policy.max_delay,
\n )
\n await asyncio.sleep(delay)<\/p>\n

# \u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8bd5\u8017\u5c3d，\u629b\u51fa\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u5f02\u5e38
\n raise last_exception or Exception("\u672a\u77e5\u91cd\u8bd5\u5931\u8d25")<\/p>\n

async def get(self, url: str, **kwargs: Any) -> bytes:
\n """GET \u8bf7\u6c42\u2014\u2014\u5e26\u4e3b\u673a\u7ea7\u5e76\u53d1\u9650\u5236"""
\n from urllib.parse import urlparse
\n host = urlparse(url).netloc
\n semaphore = self._get_host_semaphore(host)<\/p>\n

# \u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570
\n async with semaphore:
\n resp = await self._execute_with_retry("GET", url, **kwargs)
\n return await resp.read()<\/p>\n

async def close(self):
\n """\u4f18\u96c5\u5173\u95ed\u2014\u2014\u91ca\u653e\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u8d44\u6e90"""
\n if self._session and not self._session.closed:
\n await self._session.close()<\/p>\n

async def batch_fetch(urls: list[str], concurrency: int = 50) -> dict[str, bytes]:
\n """\u6279\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u2014\u2014\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u5168\u5c40\u5e76\u53d1\u5ea6"""
\n client = AsyncHTTPClient(pool_size=concurrency)
\n semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(concurrency)
\n results: dict[str, bytes] = {}<\/p>\n

async def fetch_one(url: str):
\n async with semaphore:
\n try:
\n data = await client.get(url)
\n results[url] = data
\n except Exception as exc:
\n results[url] = f"ERROR: {exc}".encode()<\/p>\n

try:
\n await asyncio.gather(*[fetch_one(url) for url in urls])
\n finally:
\n await client.close()<\/p>\n

return results<\/p>\n

3.1 \u5173\u952e\u8c03\u4f18\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n

pool_size vs per_host_limit：\u603b\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u5927\u5c0f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0a\u9650，\u5355\u4e3b\u673a\u9650\u5236\u51b3\u5b9a\u5bf9\u4e0b\u6e38\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u529b\u5ea6\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d，per_host_limit \u901a\u5e38\u8bbe\u4e3a\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u627f\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u7684 60%-70%，\u7559\u51fa\u4f59\u91cf\u5e94\u5bf9\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

DNS \u7f13\u5b58：ttl_dns_cache=300 \u5c06 DNS \u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u7f13\u5b58 5 \u5206\u949f\u3002\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b，DNS \u89e3\u6790\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u89e3\u6790\u57df\u540d，\u4e0d\u4ec5\u589e\u52a0\u5ef6\u8fdf，\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u89e6\u53d1 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u7684\u4e24\u5c42\u63a7\u5236：\u5168\u5c40\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u603b\u5e76\u53d1\u5ea6，\u4e3b\u673a\u7ea7\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u5355\u76ee\u6807\u5e76\u53d1\u5ea6\u3002\u53cc\u5c42\u9650\u6d41\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62"\u67d0\u4e2a\u6162\u670d\u52a1\u5403\u6389\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5"\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u9677\u9631<\/h3>\n

\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u5e76\u975e\u4e07\u80fd\u836f，Python \u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u751f\u6001\u5b58\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u9677\u9631\u3002<\/p>\n

GIL \u4e0e CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1：Python \u7684 GIL（\u5168\u5c40\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u9501）\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f02\u6b65\u534f\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838 CPU\u3002\u534f\u7a0b\u6267\u884c CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6，GIL \u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e，\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5c06 CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u59d4\u6258\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60（ProcessPoolExecutor），\u901a\u8fc7 loop.run_in_executor \u5728\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6267\u884c，\u7ed5\u8fc7 GIL \u9650\u5236\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5f00\u9500，\u5c0f\u7c92\u5ea6\u4efb\u52a1\u53cd\u800c\u66f4\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f02\u6b65\u751f\u6001\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u9677\u9631：\u8bb8\u591a Python \u5e93\u7684"\u5f02\u6b65\u7248\u672c"\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u540c\u6b65\u8c03\u7528\u5916\u9762\u5305\u4e86\u4e00\u5c42 asyncio.to_thread，\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6a21\u62df\u5f02\u6b65\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u5360\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90，\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u8017\u5c3d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u52a1\u5fc5\u786e\u8ba4\u5e93\u662f\u5426\u57fa\u4e8e\u539f\u751f\u5f02\u6b65 I\/O \u5b9e\u73b0（\u5982 aiohttp \u800c\u975e requests）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u91cd\u73b0\u6027：\u5f02\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u548c I\/O \u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\u5e8f，\u5bfc\u81f4 Bug \u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u7a33\u5b9a\u590d\u73b0\u3002asyncio \u7684 debug \u6a21\u5f0f（asyncio.run(main(), debug=True)）\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u672a await \u7684\u534f\u7a0b\u548c\u8fc7\u957f\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u6267\u884c，\u4f46\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5f00\u542f debug \u6a21\u5f0f\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u7ea6 10% \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9002\u7528\u8fb9\u754c：\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u9002\u5408 I\/O \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u573a\u666f（HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199）\u3002CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u573a\u666f（\u6570\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406）\u5e94\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u800c\u975e\u5f02\u6b65\u3002\u6df7\u5408\u578b\u573a\u666f（I\/O + \u5c11\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97），\u5f02\u6b65 + \u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u662f\u5408\u7406\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7981\u7528\u573a\u666f：\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6，\u5f3a\u884c\u5f02\u6b65\u5316\u53ea\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u6027\u80fd\u6536\u76ca；\u56e2\u961f\u5bf9\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u65f6，\u5f02\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u98ce\u9669\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u6027\u80fd\u6536\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

Python \u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u534f\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u901a\u8fc7 await \u8ba9\u51fa\u63a7\u5236\u6743，\u5728 I\/O \u7b49\u5f85\u671f\u95f4\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u7a0b，\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u7ea7\u5f02\u6b65\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e09\u4e2a\u8c03\u4f18\u7ef4\u5ea6：\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7ba1\u7406（\u603b\u6c60\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e\u5355\u4e3b\u673a\u9650\u5236\u7684\u5e73\u8861）\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565（\u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f\u4e0e\u53ef\u91cd\u8bd5\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u754c\u5b9a）\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236（\u5168\u5c40\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u7ea7\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u7684\u53cc\u5c42\u9650\u6d41）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u843d\u5730\u8def\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bae：\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65，\u5c06\u9ad8\u9891 I\/O \u8c03\u7528（HTTP\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93）\u4ece\u540c\u6b65\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5f02\u6b65，\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5355\u63a5\u53e3\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6539\u5584；\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65，\u5f15\u5165\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u548c\u8d85\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e，\u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u548c\u7ea7\u8054\u963b\u585e；\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65，\u5b9e\u73b0\u6279\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u63a7\u5236，\u63d0\u5347\u541e\u5410\u91cf；\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65，\u5bf9 CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u4f7f\u7528 run_in_executor \u59d4\u6258\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60，\u907f\u514d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u963b\u585e\u3002\u5f02\u6b65\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f I\/O \u7b49\u5f85\u95ee\u9898，\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u9009\u5bf9\u6218\u573a\u6bd4\u4f18\u5316\u624b\u6bb5\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u6539\u5199\u603b\u7ed3：<\/p>\n\n\u4fee\u6539\u9879\u539f\u6587\u95ee\u9898\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6807\u9898\u4e2d\u7684"\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5"<\/td>\n\u8425\u9500\u5f0f\u8868\u8fbe<\/td>\n\u5220\u9664<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u662f'\u66f4\u5feb'"<\/td>\n\u5426\u5b9a\u5f0f\u6392\u6bd4<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u4f46\u7b80\u5316\u8868\u8ff0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"\u5173\u952e\u8de8\u8d8a"<\/td>\nAI \u8bcd\u6c47<\/td>\n\u6539\u4e3a"\u5173\u952e"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"\u5c55\u793a\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5"<\/td>\n\u5ba3\u4f20\u6027\u8bed\u8a00<\/td>\n\u5220\u9664<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u591a\u5904\u7c97\u4f53\u5f3a\u8c03<\/td>\n\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6280\u672f\u672f\u8bed\u7c97\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"\u4e0b\u9762\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a…"<\/td>\n\u586b\u5145\u77ed\u8bed<\/td>\n\u5220\u9664<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u90e8\u5206\u7834\u6298\u53f7\u89e3\u91ca<\/td>\n\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8bf4\u660e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740"<\/td>\n\u586b\u5145\u77ed\u8bed<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u4f46\u7cbe\u7b80\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u90e8\u5206\u4e09\u6bb5\u5f0f\u5217\u4e3e<\/td>\n\u516c\u5f0f\u5316\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n\u8c03\u6574\u4e3a\u4e24\u9879\u6216\u81ea\u7136\u8fc7\u6e21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u5206：\/50<\/p>\n\n\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5f97\u5206<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u76f4\u63a5\u6027<\/td>\n8\/10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8282\u594f<\/td>\n7\/10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4fe1\u4efb\u5ea6<\/td>\n8\/10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u771f\u5b9e\u6027<\/td>\n7\/10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7cbe\u70bc\u5ea6<\/td>\n8\/10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u603b\u5206<\/td>\n38\/50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Python \u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b：\u4ece\u534f\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18
\n\u4e00\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u963b\u585e\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7
\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684 Python Web \u670d\u52a1\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f1a\u5728 I\/O \u7b49\u5f85\u671f\u95f4\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u5360\u7528\u3002\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fbe\u5230 200 \u65f6，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d，\u65b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u5f85，\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece 50ms \u98d9\u5347\u5230 3 \u79d2\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002
\n\u540c\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21 requests.get() \u6216 db.execute()，\u90fd\u5728\u9690\u5f0f\u5730\u5236\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u963b\u585e\u70b9\u3002\u4f4e\u5e76\u53d1\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u963b\u585e\u70b9\u6ca1\u6709\u5b58<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[50],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-81598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-50"],"yoast_head":"\nPython \u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u534f\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/81598.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Python \u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u534f\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18 - 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