{"id":81232,"date":"2026-07-25T00:34:51","date_gmt":"2026-07-24T16:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/81232.html"},"modified":"2026-07-25T00:34:51","modified_gmt":"2026-07-24T16:34:51","slug":"%e3%80%90linux%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e3%80%91%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e9%ab%98%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bdudp%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8eecho%e5%88%b0%e8%8b%b1%e8%af%91%e6%b1%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/81232.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Linux\u7f51\u7edc\u3011\u4ece\u96f6\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6027\u80fdUDP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u4eceEcho\u5230\u82f1\u8bd1\u6c49\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ea7\u5b9e\u73b0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"121\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260724163448-6a6394280fc3a.jpg\" width=\"122\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">&#x1f525;<span style=\"color:#ff9900\">\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u9875&#xff1a;<\/span>Cx330&#x1f338;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">\u2744\ufe0f<span style=\"color:#4da8ee\">\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e13\u680f&#xff1a;<\/span>\u300aC\u8bed\u8a00\u300b\u300aLeetCode\u5237\u9898\u96c6\u300b\u300a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784-\u521d\u9636\u300b\u300aC&#043;&#043;\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u4eab\u300b<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">\u300a\u4f18\u9009\u7b97\u6cd5\u6307\u5357-\u5fc5\u5237\u7ecf\u5178100\u9898\u300b\u300aLinux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u300b:\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5165\u9b54<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">\u300aGit\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790\u300b:\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u6218\u5168\u89e3\u00a0\u300aQt \u6781\u5883\u67b6\u6784\u300b<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">&#x1f31f;<span style=\"color:#ed7976\">\u5fc3\u5411\u5f80\u4e4b\u884c\u5fc5\u80fd<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&#x1f3a5;<span style=\"color:#ed7976\">Cx330&#x1f338;\u7684\u7b80\u4ecb&#xff1a;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260724163448-6a639428727e1.gif\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p id=\"main-toc\">\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E5%89%8D%E8%A8%80%EF%BC%9A-toc\" style=\"margin-left:40px\">\u524d\u8a00&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E4%B8%80.%C2%A0UDP%20%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80-toc\" style=\"margin-left:40px\">\u4e00.\u00a0UDP \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840<\/p>\n<p id=\"1.1%20UDP%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E4%B8%89%E5%A4%A7%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">1.1 UDP \u534f\u8bae\u4e09\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027<\/p>\n<p id=\"1.2%20UDP%20Socket%20%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E5%9B%BE%E8%A7%A3-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">1.2 UDP Socket \u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\u89e3<\/p>\n<p id=\"1.3%20%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E5%89%8D%E7%BD%AE%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E7%82%B9-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">1.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u524d\u7f6e\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9<\/p>\n<p id=\"1.3.1%C2%A0%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%BF%85%E9%A1%BB%E6%98%BE%E5%BC%8F%20bind%20vs%20%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E6%97%A0%E9%9C%80%2F%E4%B8%8D%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%AE%E6%98%BE%E5%BC%8F%20bind%20%E6%B7%B1%E5%BA%A6%E5%89%96%E6%9E%90-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">1.3.1\u00a0\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f bind vs \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65e0\u9700\/\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u663e\u5f0f bind \u6df1\u5ea6\u5256\u6790<\/p>\n<p id=\"1.3.2%C2%A0%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%8E%A8%E8%8D%90%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%20INADDR_ANY%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">1.3.2\u00a0\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u63a8\u8350\u7ed1\u5b9a INADDR_ANY&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"1.3.3%C2%A0%E5%BB%B6%E4%BC%B8%E7%A1%AC%E6%A0%B8%E8%80%83%E7%82%B9%EF%BC%9AINADDR_ANY%20%E4%B8%8E%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%8F%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%200.0.0.0%20%E4%B8%8D%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%20htonl%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">1.3.3\u00a0\u5ef6\u4f38\u786c\u6838\u8003\u70b9&#xff1a;INADDR_ANY \u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u8f6c\u6362\u2014\u2014\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 0.0.0.0 \u4e0d\u9700\u8981 htonl&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E2%91%A0%20%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%8F%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:160px\">\u2460 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E2%91%A1%20%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2%20API%20%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97-toc\" style=\"margin-left:160px\">\u2461 \u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u6362 API \u7cfb\u5217<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E2%91%A2%20%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%200.0.0.0%EF%BC%88INADDR_ANY%EF%BC%89%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8D%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%20htonl%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:160px\">\u2462 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 0.0.0.0&#xff08;INADDR_ANY&#xff09;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8c03\u7528 htonl&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"1.4%20%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%20API%20%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">1.4 \u6838\u5fc3 API \u8be6\u89e3<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E4%BA%8C.%20%E5%89%8D%E7%BD%AE%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E7%B1%BB%C2%A0%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0-toc\" style=\"margin-left:40px\">\u4e8c. \u524d\u7f6e\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd&#xff1a;\u5de5\u5177\u7c7b\u00a0\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p id=\"2.1%20%E4%BA%92%E6%96%A5%E9%94%81%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%20Mutex.hpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">2.1 \u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u5c01\u88c5 Mutex.hpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"2.2%20%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%97%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%20logger.hpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">2.2 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf logger.hpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E4%B8%89.%20V1%20%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%9AUDP%20Echo%20%E5%9B%9E%E6%98%BE%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0-toc\" style=\"margin-left:40px\">\u4e09. V1 \u7248\u672c&#xff1a;UDP Echo \u56de\u663e\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p id=\"3.1%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">3.1 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p id=\"3.1.1%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%A4%B4%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%20UdpEchoServer.hpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">3.1.1 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5934\u6587\u4ef6 UdpEchoServer.hpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"3.1.2%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E4%B8%BB%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%20UdpEchoServer.cpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">3.1.2 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570 UdpEchoServer.cpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"3.2%20%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">3.2 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p id=\"3.3%20%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E4%B8%8E%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">3.3 \u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n<p id=\"3.3.1%20%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%20Makefile-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">3.3.1 \u7f16\u8bd1 Makefile<\/p>\n<p id=\"3.3.2%20%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">3.3.2 \u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E5%9B%9B.%C2%A0%E8%A7%A3%E8%80%A6%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%9A%E5%8A%A1%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%EF%BC%9A%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%91%E6%B1%89%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%20(V2)-toc\" style=\"margin-left:40px\">\u56db.\u00a0\u89e3\u8026\u5c01\u88c5\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u5b9e\u6218&#xff1a;\u82f1\u8bd1\u6c49\u5b57\u5178\u670d\u52a1\u5668 (V2)<\/p>\n<p id=\"4.1%20%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">4.1 \u9700\u6c42\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<p id=\"4.2%20%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%20Dict.txt-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">4.2 \u8bcd\u5178\u6587\u4ef6 Dict.txt<\/p>\n<p id=\"4.3%20%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E7%B1%BB%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%20Dictionary.hpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">4.3 \u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0 Dictionary.hpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"4.4%20%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%20UDP%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%20UdpServer.hpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">4.4 \u901a\u7528 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0 UdpServer.hpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"4.5%20%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E4%B8%BB%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%20DictServer.cpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">4.5 \u5b57\u5178\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570 DictServer.cpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"4.6%20%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%20DictClient.cpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">4.6 \u5b57\u5178\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0 DictClient.cpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"4.7%20%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E4%B8%8E%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%9C%A8-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">4.7 \u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5728<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E4%BA%94.%20%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%EF%BC%9A%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%20UDP%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%20%2F%20%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85-toc\" style=\"margin-left:40px\">\u4e94. \u8fdb\u9636&#xff1a;\u901a\u7528 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef \/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c01\u88c5<\/p>\n<p id=\"5.1%20%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E5%A5%97%E6%8E%A5%E5%AD%97%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%20udp_socket.hpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">5.1 \u57fa\u7840\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c01\u88c5 udp_socket.hpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"5.2%20%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%20udp_server.hpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">5.2 \u901a\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5c01\u88c5 udp_server.hpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"5.3%20%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%20udp_client.hpp-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">5.3 \u901a\u7528\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c01\u88c5 udp_client.hpp<\/p>\n<p id=\"5.4%20%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8E%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%E7%9A%84%E6%9E%81%E7%AE%80%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">5.4 \u57fa\u4e8e\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u6781\u7b80\u5b57\u5178\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E5%85%AD.%20UDP%20%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E8%80%83%E7%82%B9%E4%B8%8E%E8%B8%A9%E5%9D%91%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97-toc\" style=\"margin-left:40px\">\u516d. UDP \u7f16\u7a0b\u6838\u5fc3\u8003\u70b9\u4e0e\u8e29\u5751\u6307\u5357<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%EF%BC%9A%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B8%8E%20Socket%20API%20%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E9%9D%A2%E8%AF%95%E7%9C%9F%E9%A2%98-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e Socket API \u6838\u5fc3\u9762\u8bd5\u771f\u9898<\/p>\n<p id=\"Q1%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%A8%20UDP%20%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%20sendto()%20%E6%88%90%E5%8A%9F%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%E4%BA%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%8E%200%20%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B4%E6%95%B0%EF%BC%8C%E6%98%AF%E5%90%A6%E6%84%8F%E5%91%B3%E7%9D%80%E5%AF%B9%E7%AB%AF%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E4%B8%80%E5%AE%9A%E6%94%B6%E5%88%B0%E4%BA%86%E8%AF%A5%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">Q1&#xff1a;\u5728 UDP \u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8c03\u7528 sendto() \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e 0 \u7684\u6574\u6570&#xff0c;\u662f\u5426\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u7aef\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e00\u5b9a\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u62a5&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"Q2%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%A8%20TCP%20%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E8%AF%BB%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%200%20%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E8%BF%9E%E6%8E%A5%E6%96%AD%E5%BC%80%EF%BC%88EOF%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%9B%E9%82%A3%E4%B9%88%E5%9C%A8%20UDP%20%E7%9A%84%20recvfrom()%20%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%200%20%E5%90%8C%E6%A0%B7%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%AF%B9%E7%AB%AF%E5%85%B3%E9%97%AD%E4%BA%86%E8%BF%9E%E6%8E%A5%E5%90%97%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">Q2&#xff1a;\u5728 TCP \u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8bfb\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de 0 \u4ee3\u8868\u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00&#xff08;EOF&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u90a3\u4e48\u5728 UDP \u7684 recvfrom() \u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de 0 \u540c\u6837\u4ee3\u8868\u5bf9\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u5417&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"Q3%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%BF%85%E9%A1%BB%E6%98%BE%E5%BC%8F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%20bind()%20%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E5%9B%BA%E5%AE%9A%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%A3%EF%BC%8C%E8%80%8C%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E7%BB%9D%E4%B8%8D%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%AE%E6%98%BE%E5%BC%8F%20bind()%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">Q3&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528 bind() \u7ed1\u5b9a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u800c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7edd\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u663e\u5f0f bind()&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"Q4%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80%E5%B1%9E%E6%80%A7%E6%97%B6%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%A3%E5%BF%85%E9%A1%BB%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%20htons()%20%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%8F%EF%BC%8C%E8%80%8C%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E7%9A%84%20INADDR_ANY%20%E5%8D%B4%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E8%B5%8B%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%8D%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%20htonl()%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">Q4&#xff1a;\u5728\u7ed1\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7aef\u53e3\u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u7528 htons() \u8f6c\u6362\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u800c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684 INADDR_ANY \u5374\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528 htonl()&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"Q5%EF%BC%9A%E4%BA%91%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%EF%BC%88%E5%A6%82%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91%E3%80%81%E8%85%BE%E8%AE%AF%E4%BA%91%E7%AD%89%EF%BC%89%E5%9C%A8%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2%20UDP%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E6%97%B6%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E7%BB%9D%E5%AF%B9%E4%B8%8D%E8%83%BD%20bind%20%E5%AE%83%E7%9A%84%E5%85%AC%E7%BD%91%20IP%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">Q5&#xff1a;\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff08;\u5982\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u3001\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\u7b49&#xff09;\u5728\u90e8\u7f72 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u80fd bind \u5b83\u7684\u516c\u7f51 IP&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%EF%BC%9AC%2B%2B%20%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%20STL%20%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E8%B8%A9%E5%9D%91%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97-toc\" style=\"margin-left:80px\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206&#xff1a;C&#043;&#043; \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e0e STL \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u8e29\u5751\u6307\u5357<\/p>\n<p id=\"Q6%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%A8%E5%86%99%20recvfrom()%20%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E6%8E%A5%E6%94%B6%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%97%B6%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8B%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E7%89%87%E6%AE%B5%E5%AD%98%E5%9C%A8%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E4%B8%A5%E9%87%8D%E7%9A%84%E9%9A%90%E8%97%8F%20Bug%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">Q6&#xff1a;\u5728\u5199 recvfrom() \u5faa\u73af\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u5b58\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u9690\u85cf Bug&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"Q7%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%9A%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91%EF%BC%88%E5%A6%82%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E6%B1%A0%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%EF%BC%89%E7%9A%84%20UDP%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E7%BB%9D%E5%AF%B9%E7%A6%81%E6%AD%A2%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20inet_ntoa%20%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">Q7&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1&#xff08;\u5982\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u67b6\u6784&#xff09;\u7684 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7edd\u5bf9\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528 inet_ntoa \u51fd\u6570&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"Q8%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%A8%20UDP%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E5%A6%82%E6%9E%9C%20recvfrom%20%E6%8C%87%E5%AE%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%B0%E6%8E%A5%E6%94%B6%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E5%8C%BA%20buf%20%E5%8F%AA%E6%9C%89%20500%C2%A0%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%EF%BC%8C%E4%BD%86%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%91%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%201000%C2%A0%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%8C%E4%BC%9A%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%EF%BC%9F-toc\" style=\"margin-left:120px\">Q8&#xff1a;\u5728 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c recvfrom \u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u672c\u5730\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a buf \u53ea\u6709 500\u00a0\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a 1000\u00a0\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p id=\"%E4%B8%83.%C2%A0%E7%BB%93%E8%AF%AD-toc\" style=\"margin-left:40px\">\u4e03.\u00a0\u7ed3\u8bed<\/p>\n<hr id=\"hr-toc\" \/>\n<h3 id=\"%E5%89%8D%E8%A8%80%EF%BC%9A\">\u524d\u8a00&#xff1a;<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u5e7f\u9614\u5929\u5730\u4e2d&#xff0c;UDP&#xff08;\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u534f\u8bae&#xff09;\u56e0\u5176\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u4f46\u6781\u5177\u4f20\u8f93\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u7684\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u5728\u5b9e\u65f6\u6e38\u620f\u3001\u6d41\u5a92\u4f53\u53ca\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d C&#043;&#043; \u9886\u57df\u7684\u6280\u672f\u535a\u4e3b&#xff0c;\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u5c06\u7ed3\u5408 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u5e26\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u7531\u6d45\u5165\u6df1&#xff0c;\u4ece\u96f6\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 UDP \u901a\u8baf\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u7f16\u5199\u57fa\u7840\u7684 Echo \u56de\u663e\u670d\u52a1 (V1)&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u7ffb\u8bd1\u670d\u52a1 (V2)<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86 Socket API\u3001<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">sockaddr<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u7ed1\u5b9a\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u4f1a\u63a2\u8ba8 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">inet_ntoa<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u53e4\u8001\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u201c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u96f7\u201d&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528 C&#043;&#043; \u7684 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">remove_if<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b8c\u7f8e\u64e6\u9664\u8fc7\u671f\u7528\u6237\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u59a5\u59a5\u7684\u5e72\u8d27&#xff0c;\u5efa\u8bae\u6536\u85cf\u540e\u53cd\u590d\u7814\u8bfb&#xff01;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"%E4%B8%80.%C2%A0UDP%20%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80\">\u4e00.\u00a0UDP \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u52a8\u624b\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u641e\u61c2 UDP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca UDP\u00a0Socket\u00a0\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"1.1%20UDP%20%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E4%B8%89%E5%A4%A7%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7\">1.1 UDP \u534f\u8bae\u4e09\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027<\/h4>\n<p>UDP&#xff08;User Datagram Protocol&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u534f\u8bae&#xff09;\u662f\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u548c\u00a0TCP\u00a0\u00a0\u540c\u5c5e\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e TCP \u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u53cd&#xff0c;\u4e09\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u7279\u6027\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u4e0e TCP \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5dee\u5f02<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u4fe1\u524d\u65e0\u9700\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684 IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u5373\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u3001\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/td>\n<td>TCP \u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u91cd\u4f20\u3001\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u3001\u4e71\u5e8f\u91cd\u6392\u7b49\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u53ea\u4fdd\u8bc1\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5c3d\u529b\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u5b9a\u5230\u8fbe\u3001\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u3001\u6309\u5e8f\u5230\u8fbe<\/td>\n<td>TCP \u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u673a\u5236\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u4e0d\u4e22\u5931\u3001\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u3001\u6309\u5e8f\u4ea4\u4ed8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9762\u5411\u6570\u636e\u62a5<\/td>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u4f20\u8f93&#xff0c;\u6536\u53d1\u6b21\u6570\u4e25\u683c\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u62a5\u6587\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u8fb9\u754c&#xff0c;\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587&#xff0c;\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u6574\u63a5\u6536\u6574\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587<\/td>\n<td>TCP \u9762\u5411\u5b57\u8282\u6d41&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u65e0\u8fb9\u754c&#xff0c;\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u53d1 1000 \u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u591a\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u4e0a\u5c42\u81ea\u884c\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u8fb9\u754c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u91cd\u8981\u63d0\u9192&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u662f UDP \u7684\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002UDP \u820d\u5f03\u4e86\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4fdd\u969c&#xff0c;\u6362\u6765\u4e86\u6781\u81f4\u7684\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u6781\u5c0f\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u5f00\u9500&#xff08;UDP \u5934\u90e8\u4ec5 8 \u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;TCP \u5934\u90e8\u6700\u5c11 20 \u5b57\u8282&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u573a\u666f\u9009\u62e9 UDP \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"1.2%20UDP%20Socket%20%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E5%9B%BE%E8%A7%A3\">1.2 UDP Socket \u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>UDP \u662f\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u6bd4 TCP \u7b80\u5355\u5f88\u591a&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6838\u5fc3\u6d41\u7a0b<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa Socket \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff1a;\u8c03\u7528<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">socket()<\/span><\/span>\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e IPv4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7c7b\u578b\u7684 UDP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3&#xff1a;\u8c03\u7528<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind()<\/span><\/span>\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0e\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7ed1\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u77e5\u9053\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5faa\u73af\u63a5\u6536\u4e0e\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e&#xff1a;\u8c03\u7528<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">recvfrom()<\/span><\/span>\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u540e\u6267\u884c\u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u518d\u8c03\u7528<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">sendto()<\/span><\/span>\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u56de\u53d1\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff1a;\u670d\u52a1\u505c\u6b62\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8c03\u7528close()\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6838\u5fc3\u6d41\u7a0b<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa Socket \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff1a;\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef&#xff0c;\u8c03\u7528<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">socket()<\/span><\/span>\u521b\u5efa UDP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u586b\u5145\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u4e49<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">sockaddr_in<\/span><\/span>\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53&#xff0c;\u586b\u5145\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684 IP\u3001\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u76ee\u6807&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5faa\u73af\u53d1\u9001\u4e0e\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e&#xff1a;\u8c03\u7528<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">sendto()<\/span><\/span>\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u518d\u8c03\u7528<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">recvfrom()<\/span><\/span>\u7b49\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u54cd\u5e94<\/li>\n<li>\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff1a;\u901a\u4fe1\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8c03\u7528<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">close()<\/span><\/span>\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>     \u3010\u670d\u52a1\u7aef (Server)\u3011                     \u3010\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef (Client)\u3011<br \/>\n     &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;                 &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;<br \/>\n     |  1. socket()      |                 |  1. socket()      |<br \/>\n     |  \u521b\u5efaUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57    |                 |  \u521b\u5efaUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57    |<br \/>\n     &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;                 &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;<br \/>\n               |                                     |<br \/>\n     &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;v&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;                           |<br \/>\n     |  2. bind()        |                           | (\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0fbind)<br \/>\n     |  \u7ed1\u5b9a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684Port   |                           | (\u9996\u6b21sendto\u65f6\u7531OS\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d)<br \/>\n     &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;                           |<br \/>\n               |                                     |<br \/>\n     &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;v&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;                           |<br \/>\n     |  3. recvfrom()    | &lt;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043; (\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u8bf7\u6c42)<br \/>\n     |  \u963b\u585e\u6302\u8d77&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5f85   |      4. sendto()          |<br \/>\n     |  \u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6570\u636e\u62a5  |                           |<br \/>\n     &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;                           |<br \/>\n               |                                     |<br \/>\n         (\u5904\u7406\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91)                              |<br \/>\n               |                                     |<br \/>\n     &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;v&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;                           |<br \/>\n     |  5. sendto()      | &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&gt;&#043;  6. recvfrom()<br \/>\n     |  \u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u53d1\u9001\u56de     |      (\u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e)       |  \u63a5\u6536\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u56de\u5305<br \/>\n     |  \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740 |                           |<br \/>\n     &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;                 &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;v&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#043;<br \/>\n               |                           |  7. close()       |<br \/>\n          (\u56de\u5230\u6b65\u9aa43)                       |  \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8d44\u6e90   |<br \/>\n               |                           &#043;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-&#043;<br \/>\n               v <\/p>\n<h4 id=\"1.3%20%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E5%89%8D%E7%BD%AE%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E7%82%B9\">1.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u524d\u7f6e\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u524d&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5403\u900f\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u9ad8\u9891\u8e29\u5751\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"1.3.1%C2%A0%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%BF%85%E9%A1%BB%E6%98%BE%E5%BC%8F%20bind%20vs%20%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E6%97%A0%E9%9C%80%2F%E4%B8%8D%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%AE%E6%98%BE%E5%BC%8F%20bind%20%E6%B7%B1%E5%BA%A6%E5%89%96%E6%9E%90\">1.3.1\u00a0\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f bind vs \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65e0\u9700\/\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u663e\u5f0f bind \u6df1\u5ea6\u5256\u6790<\/h5>\n<p>\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7591\u95ee&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u975e\u8981\u8c03\u7528 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind()<\/span><\/span>&#xff0c;\u800c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5374\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u5199&#xff1f;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u771f\u7684\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u5417&#xff1f; \u5176\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u201c\u9690\u5f0f\u7ed1\u5b9a\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u54f2\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b\u3010\u663e\u5f0f bind\u3011&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89d2\u8272\u662f\u201c\u88ab\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u8005\u201d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u201d&#xff08;Well-known&#xff09;\u7684&#xff1a; \u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u60f3\u8981\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef&#xff0c;\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u77e5\u9053\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u5177\u4f53 IP \u548c Port\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u53bb\u201c\u5de5\u5546\u94f6\u884c\u529e\u4e8b\u201d&#xff0c;\u5de5\u5546\u94f6\u884c\u7684\u5730\u5740&#xff08;IP&#xff09;\u548c\u8425\u4e1a\u7a97\u53e3&#xff08;Port&#xff09;\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5e38\u5e74\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e14\u5bf9\u5916\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u663e\u5f0f <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind<\/span><\/span>&#xff0c;\u5b83\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u542f\u52a8\u662f <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">52301<\/span><\/span>&#xff0c;\u660e\u5929\u542f\u52a8\u662f <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">41908<\/span><\/span>\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u524d\u9884\u77e5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5411\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u4e5f\u5c31\u65e0\u4ece\u8c08\u8d77\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7aef\u53e3\u4ee3\u8868\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1&#xff1a; \u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 HTTP \u662f 80&#xff0c;HTTPS \u662f 443&#xff0c;SSH \u662f 22\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5f0f\u7ed1\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fa\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u6765\u5411\u5168\u7f51\u5ba3\u544a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u5165\u53e3\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3010\u65e0\u9700\/\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u663e\u5f0f bind\u3011&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u662f\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bf7\u6c42\u8005\u201d&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u8003\u91cf\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u9632\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0e\u8f7b\u91cf\u5316&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u9632\u6b62\u7aef\u53e3\u51b2\u7a81&#xff08;Address already in use&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff08;\u6bd4\u5982\u591a\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u3001\u591a\u5f00\u6e38\u620f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u6070\u597d\u62a2\u593a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u663e\u5f0f\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e86 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">8888<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u5f00\u542f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u7528\u6237\u8bd5\u56fe\u6253\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u6b64\u65f6\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u6b63\u597d\u6709\u4e2a\u540e\u53f0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5360\u7528\u4e86 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">8888<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8c03\u7528 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind()<\/span><\/span> \u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u56e0\u4e3a \u201cAddress already in use\u201d (\u7aef\u53e3\u51b2\u7a81) \u62a5\u9519\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u5d29\u6e83\u9000\u51fa&#xff01;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u5bf9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9690\u5f0f\u7ed1\u5b9a&#xff08;OS \u52a8\u6001\u6307\u6d3e&#xff09;&#xff1a; \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65e2\u7136\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u4e3b\u52a8\u5bfb\u627e&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u8c03\u7528 bind\u3002 \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e95\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u201c\u9690\u5f0f\u7ed1\u5b9a\u201d\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9996\u6b21\u8c03\u7528 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">sendto()<\/span><\/span>&#xff08;\u6216 TCP \u7684 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">connect()<\/span><\/span>&#xff09;\u65f6&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u73b0\u8be5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u524d\u7684 \u4e34\u65f6\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4 (Ephemeral Ports&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u5728 1024 ~ 65535) \u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u6311\u9009\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f53\u524d\u65e0\u4eba\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u9759\u9ed8\u5730\u4e3a\u8be5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u5f00\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u7535\u8111\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u591a\u4e48\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u62ff\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7 recvfrom \u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u53d6&#xff1a; \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u6307\u6d3e\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u7aef\u53e3\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3&#xff08;Source Port&#xff09;\u5c01\u88c5\u8fdb UDP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5934\u90e8\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8be5\u62a5\u6587\u540e&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">recvfrom<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u53c2\u6570 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">peer<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u5176\u53d1\u56de\u5305&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63d0\u524d\u201c\u6b7b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<p>\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef&#xff08;Server&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff08;Client&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u89d2\u8272\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u88ab\u52a8\u7b49\u5f85&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u6536\u54cd\u5e94<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u7aef\u53e3\u8981\u6c42<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u5fc5\u987b\u56fa\u5b9a\u3001\u516c\u5f00\u3001\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5&#xff08;Well-known&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u5fc5\u987b\u52a8\u6001\u3001\u968f\u673a\u3001\u9632\u51b2\u7a81&#xff08;Ephemeral&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u7ed1\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u663e\u5f0f\u7ed1\u5b9a&#xff1a;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u624b\u52a8\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind()<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u9690\u5f0f\u7ed1\u5b9a&#xff1a;\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u9996\u6b21\u53d1\u5305\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u968f\u673a\u6307\u6d3e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u51b2\u7a81\u540e\u679c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u7aef\u53e3\u88ab\u5360\u5219\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8&#xff08;\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e25\u91cd\u6545\u969c&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u82e5\u663e\u5f0f <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u56fa\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u6781\u6613\u9020\u6210\u7528\u6237\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u51b2\u7a81\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u95ea\u9000<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u5bfb\u5740\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u5148\u5f97\u77e5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5730\u5740\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfb\u5740<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u62a5\u6587\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">recvfrom()<\/span><\/span> \u5e95\u5c42\u63d0\u53d6&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u56de\u5305<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5 id=\"1.3.2%C2%A0%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%8E%A8%E8%8D%90%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%20INADDR_ANY%EF%BC%9F\">1.3.2\u00a0\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u63a8\u8350\u7ed1\u5b9a INADDR_ANY&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<p>\u5728 V1 \u7248\u672c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u89c1\u5230\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u8bbe\u7f6e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>local.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; INADDR_ANY; \/\/ \u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a 0x00000000&#xff08;\u5373 IP 0.0.0.0&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u6e90\u7801\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8f\u5728 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">&lt;netinet\/in.h&gt;<\/span><\/span> \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>#define INADDR_ANY ((in_addr_t) 0x00000000)<\/p>\n<p>\u522b\u5c0f\u770b\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5728 C&#043;&#043; \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u9762\u8bd5\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u9ad8\u9891\u7684\u8003\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6df1\u5ea6\u5256\u6790\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u7aef <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u4e86\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u7684 IP&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">192.168.1.100<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5c40\u9650\u6027&#xff1a;\u8be5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c06\u53ea\u76d1\u542c\u6765\u81ea <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">eth0<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u75db\u70b9&#xff1a;\u82e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u5730\u56de\u73af <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">127.0.0.1<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u6216\u8005\u5916\u7f51\u7f51\u5361\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u4f1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u76ee\u6807 IP \u4e0e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">192.168.1.100<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u7b26&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e22\u5f03&#xff01;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3010\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u62a5\u6587 1\u3011 &#8212; (\u53d1\u5f80 127.0.0.1:8888) &#8212;&#8212;-&gt; \u3010\u672c\u5730\u56de\u73af\u7f51\u5361\u3011 &#8212;&gt; [\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u68c0\u6d4b IP \u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25] &#8212;&gt; (\u4e22\u5f03 \u274c)<br \/>\n\u3010\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u62a5\u6587 2\u3011 &#8212; (\u53d1\u5f80 192.168.1.100:8888) &#8212;-&gt; \u3010\u5185\u7f51\u7f51\u5361 eth0\u3011 -&gt; [\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u68c0\u6d4b IP \u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f] &#8212;&gt; (\u63a5\u6536\u5e76\u5904\u7406 \u2714)<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u4e86 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">INADDR_ANY<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u65f6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5e95\u5c42\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u544a\u8bc9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5185\u6838&#xff1a;\u201c\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u53d1\u5f80\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff08;\u6bd4\u5982 8888&#xff09;\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u662f\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u56de\u73af\u7f51\u5361\u3001\u5185\u7f51\u7f51\u5361\u8fd8\u662f\u5916\u7f51\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u8fdb\u6765\u7684&#xff0c;\u6211\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7edf\u7edf\u8981\u6536\u4e0b&#xff01;\u201d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u76f4\u63a5\u7701\u53bb\u4e86\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u3001\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u636e\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5177\u4f53\u54ea\u5f20\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u9762\u6d41\u5165\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u76d1\u542c\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528\u6027\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4fbf\u5229\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">INADDR_ANY<\/span><\/span>&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u786c\u7f16\u7801&#xff08;Hardcode&#xff09;\u5199\u6b7b\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7279\u5b9a IP&#xff08;\u5982 &#034;192.168.3.15&#034;&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u672c\u5730\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd0\u7ef4\u707e\u96be&#xff1a;\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd9\u5957\u4ee3\u7801\u9700\u8981\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u673a\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u96c6\u7fa4\u65f6&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u53f0\u7269\u7406\u673a\/\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u79c1\u6709 IP \u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f60\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a IP \u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u800c\u542f\u52a8\u62a5\u9519&#xff0c;\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5fc5\u987b\u9010\u4e2a\u53bb\u4fee\u6539\u90e8\u7f72\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u8fc1\u79fb&#xff1a;\u91c7\u7528 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">INADDR_ANY<\/span><\/span>&#xff0c;\u540c\u4e00\u5957\u7f16\u8bd1\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u7f1d\u8fc1\u79fb\u3001\u5206\u53d1\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u53f0\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 id=\"1.3.3%C2%A0%E5%BB%B6%E4%BC%B8%E7%A1%AC%E6%A0%B8%E8%80%83%E7%82%B9%EF%BC%9AINADDR_ANY%20%E4%B8%8E%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%8F%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%200.0.0.0%20%E4%B8%8D%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%20htonl%EF%BC%9F\">1.3.3\u00a0\u5ef6\u4f38\u786c\u6838\u8003\u70b9&#xff1a;INADDR_ANY \u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u8f6c\u6362\u2014\u2014\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 0.0.0.0 \u4e0d\u9700\u8981 htonl&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<p>\u5728 C&#043;&#043; \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5199\u8fc7\u5982\u4e0b\u4e24\u884c\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u6362\u4ee3\u7801&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>local.sin_port &#061; htons(_port);      \/\/ \u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u6362&#xff1a;host to network short<br \/>\nlocal.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; INADDR_ANY; \/\/ IP \u7ed1\u5b9a&#xff1a;\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6f5c\u85cf\u7740\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u5177\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u9762\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7aef\u53e3\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528 htons&#xff0c;\u800c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684 INADDR_ANY \u5374\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528 htonl&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<h6 id=\"%E2%91%A0%20%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%8F%EF%BC%9F\">\u2460 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f&#xff1f;<\/h6>\n<p>\u5728\u591a\u5b57\u8282\u6574\u6570&#xff08;\u5982 16 \u4f4d\u77ed\u6574\u578b\u7aef\u53e3\u300132 \u4f4d\u957f\u6574\u578b IP&#xff09;\u5b58\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7531\u4e8e CPU \u786c\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u6d41\u6d3e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5c0f\u7aef\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f&#xff08;Host Byte Order&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u673a\u5e8f\u5217&#xff09;&#xff1a;x86\/x64 \u67b6\u6784 CPU \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u4f4e\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u503c <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">0x1234<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u5728\u5c0f\u7aef\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u4e3a&#xff1a;[34] [12]&#xff08;\u5730\u5740\u7531\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5927\u7aef\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f&#xff08;Network Byte Order&#xff0c;\u7f51\u7edc\u5e8f\u5217&#xff09;&#xff1a;TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u4f4e\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u503c <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">0x1234<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u5728\u5927\u7aef\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u4e3a&#xff1a;[12] [34]\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u67b6\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c&#xff08;\u5982\u5c0f\u7aef\u7684 x86 \u5411\u5927\u7aef\u7684 MIPS \u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u6570\u636e\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u524d\u7edf\u4e00\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5927\u7aef\u7f51\u7edc\u5e8f\u5217&#xff0c;\u63a5\u6536\u540e\u518d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\u672c\u5730\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<h6 id=\"%E2%91%A1%20%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2%20API%20%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97\">\u2461 \u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u6362 API \u7cfb\u5217<\/h6>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027&#xff0c;C&#043;&#043; \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u8f6c\u6362\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">htons<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>(Host to Network Short)&#xff1a;\u5c06 16 \u4f4d\u4e3b\u673a\u5e8f\u77ed\u6574\u578b&#xff08;\u5982 Port&#xff09;\u8f6c\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">htonl<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>(Host to Network Long)&#xff1a;\u5c06 32 \u4f4d\u4e3b\u673a\u5e8f\u957f\u6574\u578b&#xff08;\u5982 IPv4 \u5730\u5740&#xff09;\u8f6c\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">ntohs<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>(Network to Host Short) \u4e0e <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">ntohl<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>(Network to Host Long)&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u8f6c\u4e3b\u673a\u672c\u5730\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6 id=\"%E2%91%A2%20%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%200.0.0.0%EF%BC%88INADDR_ANY%EF%BC%89%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8D%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%20htonl%EF%BC%9F\">\u2462 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 0.0.0.0&#xff08;INADDR_ANY&#xff09;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8c03\u7528 htonl&#xff1f;<\/h6>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e IP \u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a 32 \u4f4d\u957f\u6574\u578b\u6570&#xff0c;\u5e38\u89c4 IP \u5728\u7ed1\u5b9a\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u8f6c\u6362&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u8fc7 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">inet_addr(&#034;192.168.1.100&#034;)<\/span><\/span>&#xff0c;\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u5df2\u5305\u542b\u5927\u7aef\u8f6c\u6362\u903b\u8f91&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">INADDR_ANY<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u6765\u8bf4&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u6570\u503c\u7279\u6b8a\u6027&#xff1a;<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">INADDR_ANY<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5728\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u4e2d\u662f 0&#xff0c;\u5e95\u5c42 16 \u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">0x00000000<\/span><\/span>&#xff08;\u5168 0&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5927\u7aef\u4e0e\u5c0f\u7aef\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5bf9\u79f0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728\u5c0f\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u5176\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u987a\u5e8f\u4e3a&#xff1a;0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728\u5927\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u5176\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u7136\u4e3a&#xff1a;0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7b49\u4ef7&#xff1a;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5168\u96f6\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027&#xff0c;<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">htonl(0x00000000)<\/span><\/span> \u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u4ecd\u7136\u662f <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">0x00000000<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<p>\u5ef6\u4f38\u7ed3\u8bba&#xff1a; \u5728\u6574\u4e2a IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u9664\u4e86 0.0.0.0 \u4e4b\u5916&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad IP \u2014\u2014 255.255.255.255 (INADDR_NONE \/ \u5168 1) \u540c\u6837\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e4e\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176 16 \u8fdb\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a 0xffffffff&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5168\u4e3a 0xff&#xff0c;\u5728\u5927\u7aef\u548c\u5c0f\u7aef\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u793a\u4e5f\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u4f73\u7f16\u7801\u89c4\u8303&#xff1a;\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8bed\u4e49\u5316\u8003\u91cf&#xff0c;\u90e8\u5206\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u4ecd\u7136\u63a8\u8350\u5199 htonl(INADDR_ANY)\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5b9e\u9645\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u4e0a\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u7684 IP \u6570\u636e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"1.4%20%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%20API%20%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3\">1.4 \u6838\u5fc3 API \u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u628a UDP \u7f16\u7a0b\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684 4 \u4e2a API \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u8bb2\u6e05\u695a&#xff0c;\u540e\u7eed\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f1a\u53cd\u590d\u7528\u5230&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;<br \/>\nint socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">domain<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u5730\u5740\u65cf&#xff0c;<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">AF_INET<\/span><\/span>\u8868\u793a IPv4&#xff0c;<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">AF_INET6<\/span><\/span>\u8868\u793a IPv6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">type<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">SOCK_DGRAM<\/span><\/span>\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff08;UDP&#xff09;&#xff0c;<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">SOCK_STREAM<\/span><\/span>\u8868\u793a\u6d41\u5f0f\u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff08;TCP&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">protocol<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u534f\u8bae\u7f16\u53f7&#xff0c;UDP \u573a\u666f\u56fa\u5b9a\u586b 0&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5339\u914d UDP \u534f\u8bae&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff1a;\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u975e\u8d1f\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de &#8211; 1 \u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e errno\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\/\/ 2. \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\nint bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen);<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">sockfd<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">socket ()<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">addr<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u586b\u5145\u597d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6307\u9488&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u8f6c\u4e3a\u901a\u7528<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">struct sockaddr*<\/span><\/span>\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">addrlen<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u957f\u5ea6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff1a;\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de 0&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de &#8211; 1 \u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e errno\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\/\/ 3. \u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e<br \/>\nssize_t recvfrom(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len, int flags,<br \/>\n                 struct sockaddr *src_addr, socklen_t *addrlen);<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">sockfd<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;socket \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">buf<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">len<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">flags<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u63a5\u6536\u6807\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u5e38\u89c4\u573a\u666f\u586b 0&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u8868\u963b\u585e\u63a5\u6536&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">src_addr<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u53d1\u9001\u7aef&#xff08;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff09;\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">addrlen<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u4f20\u5165\u65f6\u662f src_addr \u7684\u957f\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5730\u5740\u957f\u5ea6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff1a;\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5b9e\u9645\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de &#8211; 1 \u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e errno\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\/\/ 4. \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e<br \/>\nssize_t sendto(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t len, int flags,<br \/>\n               const struct sockaddr *dest_addr, socklen_t addrlen);<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">sockfd<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;socket \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">buf<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u5f85\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">len<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u5f85\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u957f\u5ea6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">flags<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u53d1\u9001\u6807\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u5e38\u89c4\u573a\u666f\u586b 0&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">dest_addr<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u76ee\u6807\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">addrlen<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u957f\u5ea6&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff1a;\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5b9e\u9645\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de &#8211; 1 \u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e errno\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"%E4%BA%8C.%20%E5%89%8D%E7%BD%AE%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E7%B1%BB%C2%A0%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0\">\u4e8c. \u524d\u7f6e\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd&#xff1a;\u5de5\u5177\u7c7b\u00a0\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<p>\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ea7\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u6240\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u8026\u5408\u5728\u4e3b\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u5b9e\u73b0 2 \u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u5de5\u5177\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u53d1\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6491&#xff1a;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u5199\u8fc7\u4e86&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5e76\u4e14\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5927\u5bb6\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u7684\u8bdd\u8fd9\u91cc\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u4e00\u4e2a\u7981\u6b62\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u57fa\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u8ddf\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u9762\u90a3\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2.1%20%E4%BA%92%E6%96%A5%E9%94%81%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%20Mutex.hpp\">2.1 \u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u5c01\u88c5 Mutex.hpp<\/h4>\n<p>\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u65e5\u5fd7\u6253\u5370\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6536\u53d1\u90fd\u6d89\u53ca\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c01\u88c5 POSIX \u4e92\u65a5\u9501&#xff0c;\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 RAII \u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u9501\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\u89e3\u9501\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6b7b\u9501\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>#ifndef MUTEX_HPP<br \/>\n#define MUTEX_HPP<\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;iostream&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u5c01\u88c5\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a0\u9501\/\u89e3\u9501\u53ca\u83b7\u53d6\u539f\u59cb\u9501\u7684\u63a5\u53e3<br \/>\nclass Mutex<br \/>\n{<br \/>\npublic:<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e92\u65a5\u9501<br \/>\n    Mutex()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        pthread_mutex_init(&amp;_lock, nullptr);<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u9500\u6bc1\u4e92\u65a5\u9501<br \/>\n    ~Mutex()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        pthread_mutex_destroy(&amp;_lock);<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u52a0\u9501\u64cd\u4f5c<br \/>\n    void Lock()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;_lock);<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u89e3\u9501\u64cd\u4f5c<br \/>\n    void UnLock()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;_lock);<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u539f\u59cb\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u6307\u9488&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u539f\u751f pthread_mutex_t \u7684\u63a5\u53e3<br \/>\n    pthread_mutex_t* Origin()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        return &amp;_lock;<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\nprivate:<br \/>\n    pthread_mutex_t _lock;  \/\/ POSIX \u4e92\u65a5\u9501<br \/>\n};<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ RAII \u98ce\u683c\u7684\u9501\u5b88\u536b\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u6784\u9020\u65f6\u52a0\u9501&#xff0c;\u6790\u6784\u65f6\u89e3\u9501&#xff0c;\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u9501\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<br \/>\nclass LockGuard<br \/>\n{<br \/>\npublic:<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a Mutex \u6307\u9488&#xff0c;\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u52a0\u9501<br \/>\n    LockGuard(Mutex* lockptr) : _lockptr(lockptr)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        _lockptr-&gt;Lock();<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u9501<br \/>\n    ~LockGuard()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        _lockptr-&gt;UnLock();<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\nprivate:<br \/>\n    Mutex* _lockptr;  \/\/ \u6307\u5411\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4e92\u65a5\u9501<br \/>\n};<\/p>\n<p>#endif<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">Mutex<\/span><\/span>\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86 POSIX \u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u9500\u6bc1\u3001\u52a0\u9501\u3001\u89e3\u9501\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u63a5\u53e3&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">LockGuard<\/span><\/span>\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u7ecf\u5178 RAII \u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u9501&#xff0c;\u79bb\u5f00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u65f6\u6790\u6784\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u9501&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9501\u88ab\u91ca\u653e&#xff0c;\u5f7b\u5e95\u675c\u7edd\u6b7b\u9501\u98ce\u9669&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168&#xff1a;\u540e\u7eed\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u4f1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"2.2%20%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%97%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%20logger.hpp\">2.2 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf logger.hpp<\/h4>\n<p>\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u76d1\u63a7\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u63a7\u5236\u53f0 \/ \u6587\u4ef6\u53cc\u8f93\u51fa\u3001\u591a\u7b49\u7ea7\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bbe\u8ba1&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>#ifndef LOGGER_HPP<br \/>\n#define LOGGER_HPP<\/p>\n<p>#include &lt;fstream&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;ctime&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;cstdio&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;memory&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sstream&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;filesystem&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &#034;Mutex.hpp&#034;<\/p>\n<p>namespace LogModule<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n    \/\/ 1. \u83b7\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4<br \/>\n    std::string GetTimeStamp()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        time_t currentTime &#061; time(nullptr); \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u533a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5e74-\u6708-\u65e5 \u65f6:\u5206:\u79d2<br \/>\n        struct tm dataTime;<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7248\u672c localtime_r&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u83b7\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4\u65f6<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u56e0\u4e3a\u5171\u4eab\u9759\u6001\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u8986\u76d6\u9519\u4e71\u3002<br \/>\n        localtime_r(&amp;currentTime, &amp;dataTime);<\/p>\n<p>        char dataTimeStr[128];<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 snprintf \u4fdd\u8bc1\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e0d\u6ea2\u51fa&#xff0c;%02d \u786e\u4fdd\u65f6\u95f4\u4f4d\u5bbd\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u88650&#xff08;\u598209\u79d2&#xff09;<br \/>\n        snprintf(dataTimeStr, sizeof(dataTimeStr), &#034;%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d&#034;,<br \/>\n                 dataTime.tm_year &#043; 1900, \/\/ tm_year \u662f\u4ece1900\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<br \/>\n                 dataTime.tm_mon &#043; 1,     \/\/ tm_mon \u8303\u56f4\u662f [0, 11]&#xff0c;\u9700\u52a01\u4fee\u6b63<br \/>\n                 dataTime.tm_mday,<br \/>\n                 dataTime.tm_hour,<br \/>\n                 dataTime.tm_min,<br \/>\n                 dataTime.tm_sec<br \/>\n                );<\/p>\n<p>        return dataTimeStr;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 2. \u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u7ea7 &#8212; \u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b(\u6574\u6570)\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 enum class \u5f3a\u7c7b\u578b\u679a\u4e3e&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u547d\u540d\u6c61\u67d3&#xff0c;\u63d0\u9ad8\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u4e25\u8c28\u6027<br \/>\n    enum class LogLevel<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        DEBUG,<br \/>\n        INFO,<br \/>\n        WARNING,<br \/>\n        ERROR,<br \/>\n        FATAL<br \/>\n    };<\/p>\n<p>    \/**<br \/>\n     * &#064;brief \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u5c06\u679a\u4e3e\u5e38\u91cf\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u53ef\u8bfb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<br \/>\n     * \u89e3\u51b3\u5f3a\u7c7b\u578b\u679a\u4e3e\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7 std::cout \u6253\u5370\u7684\u95ee\u9898<br \/>\n     *\/<br \/>\n    std::string LogLevel2String(LogLevel level)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        switch(level)<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n        case LogLevel::DEBUG:<br \/>\n            return &#034;DEBUG&#034;;<br \/>\n        case LogLevel::INFO:<br \/>\n            return &#034;INFO&#034;;<br \/>\n        case LogLevel::WARNING:<br \/>\n            return &#034;WARNING&#034;;<br \/>\n        case LogLevel::ERROR:<br \/>\n            return &#034;ERROR&#034;;<br \/>\n        case LogLevel::FATAL:<br \/>\n            return &#034;FATAL&#034;;<br \/>\n        default:<br \/>\n            return &#034;UNKNOWN&#034;;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 3. \u5237\u65b0\u7b56\u7565<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u57fa\u7c7b: \u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u8bbe\u8ba1\u610f\u56fe&#xff1a;\u5c06\u201c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u751f\u6210\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u53bb\u5411\u201d\u89e3\u8026&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u6269\u5c55\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\u8f93\u51fa\u7aef<br \/>\n    class LogStrategy<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n    public:<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u865a\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u786e\u4fdd\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u7c7b\u6307\u9488\u91ca\u653e\u5b50\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90&#xff08;\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4&#xff09;\u80fd\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u91ca\u653e<br \/>\n        virtual ~LogStrategy() &#061; default; \/\/ \u4e0d\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6790\u6784<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u7eaf\u865a\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u4e49\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5237\u65b0\u63a5\u53e3\u89c4\u8303<br \/>\n        virtual void SyncLog(const std::string &amp;message) &#061; 0; \/\/ \u5f3a\u5236\u5b50\u7c7b\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u5199<br \/>\n    };<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u7b56\u75651: \u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b56\u7565<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u5b50\u7c7b<br \/>\n    class ConsoleLogStrategy: public LogStrategy<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n    public:<br \/>\n        ConsoleLogStrategy(){}<br \/>\n        ~ConsoleLogStrategy(){}<br \/>\n        void SyncLog(const std::string &amp;message) override \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u91cd\u5199\u7684\u9519\u8bef<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u663e\u793a\u5668\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0b\u662f\u201c\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\u201d&#xff0c;\u52a0\u9501\u9632\u6b62\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4ea4\u7ec7&#xff08;Interleaving&#xff09;<br \/>\n            LockGuard logGuard(&amp;_mutex);<br \/>\n            std::cout &lt;&lt; message &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    private:<br \/>\n        Mutex _mutex;<br \/>\n    };<\/p>\n<p>    const static std::string gdefaultlogdir &#061; &#034;.\/log\/&#034;;<br \/>\n    const static std::string gdefaultlogfilename &#061; &#034;log.txt&#034;;<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u7b56\u75652&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b56\u7565<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u5b50\u7c7b<br \/>\n    class FileLogStrategy: public LogStrategy<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n    public:<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8def\u5f84\u5e76\u5229\u7528 C&#043;&#043;17 \u5e93\u786e\u4fdd\u76ee\u5f55\u73af\u5883\u5c31\u7eea<br \/>\n        FileLogStrategy(const std::string &amp;logdir &#061; gdefaultlogdir, const std::string &amp;logfilename &#061; gdefaultlogfilename)<br \/>\n            :_logdir(logdir),<br \/>\n            _logfilename(logfilename)<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u524d\u52a0\u9501&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u4e0e\u521b\u5efa\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u7ade\u6001\u6761\u4ef6<br \/>\n            LockGuard lockGuard(&amp;_mutex);<br \/>\n            if(std::filesystem::exists(_logdir))<br \/>\n            {<br \/>\n                return;<br \/>\n            }<br \/>\n            else<br \/>\n            {<br \/>\n                try<br \/>\n                {<br \/>\n                    \/\/ \u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;mkdir -p&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u82e5\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u78c1\u76d8\u6ee1\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38<br \/>\n                    std::filesystem::create_directories(_logdir);<br \/>\n                }<br \/>\n                catch (std::filesystem::filesystem_error &amp;e)<br \/>\n                {<br \/>\n                    std::cerr &lt;&lt; e.what() &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n                }<br \/>\n            }<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        ~FileLogStrategy(){}<\/p>\n<p>        void SyncLog(const std::string &amp;message) override<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6 I\/O \u662f\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u52a0\u9501\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5355\u6761\u65e5\u5fd7\u5199\u5165\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027<br \/>\n            LockGuard logGuard(&amp;_mutex);<br \/>\n            std::string target &#061; _logdir &#043; _logfilename;<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 std::ios::app (append) \u8ffd\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u8bc1\u65b0\u65e7\u65e5\u5fd7\u5171\u5b58\u800c\u4e0d\u88ab\u8986\u76d6<br \/>\n            std::ofstream out(target, std::ios::app); \/\/ \u8ffd\u52a0<br \/>\n            if(!out.is_open()) \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n            {<br \/>\n                return;<br \/>\n            }<br \/>\n            out &lt;&lt; message &lt;&lt; &#034;\\\\n&#034;; \/\/ \u6d41\u5f0f\u5199\u5165\u5e76\u6362\u884c<br \/>\n            out.close(); \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41&#xff0c;\u89e6\u53d1\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5237\u65b0<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    private:<br \/>\n        std::string _logdir;<br \/>\n        std::string _logfilename;<br \/>\n        Mutex _mutex;<br \/>\n    };<\/p>\n<p>    \/**<br \/>\n     * &#064;brief Logger \u7c7b&#xff1a;\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u63a7\u5236\u5668<br \/>\n     * \u5185\u90e8\u5d4c\u5957\u4e86 LogMessage \u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cbe\u5999\u7684 RAII \u81ea\u52a8\u5237\u65b0\u673a\u5236<br \/>\n     *\/<br \/>\n    class Logger<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n    public:<br \/>\n        Logger()<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            UseConsoleLogStrategy(); \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        void UseConsoleLogStrategy()<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            _strategy &#061; std::make_unique&lt;ConsoleLogStrategy&gt;();<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        void UseFileLogStrategy()<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            _strategy &#061; std::make_unique&lt;FileLogStrategy&gt;();<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        ~Logger(){};<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u5185\u90e8\u7c7b&#xff1a;\u8d1f\u8d23\u5355\u6761\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u7ec4\u88c5\u548c\u6790\u6784\u5237\u65b0<br \/>\n        class LogMessage<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n        public:<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u9884\u7ec4\u88c5\u65e5\u5fd7\u201c\u524d\u7f00\u201d\u90e8\u5206<br \/>\n            LogMessage(LogLevel level, const std::string &amp;filename, int line, Logger &amp;self)<br \/>\n                : _currenttime(GetTimeStamp())<br \/>\n                , _loglevel(LogLevel2String(level))<br \/>\n                , _pid(getpid())<br \/>\n                , _filename(filename)<br \/>\n                , _line(line)<br \/>\n                , _logger(self) \/\/ \u4fdd\u5b58\u5f15\u7528&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u6790\u6784\u65f6\u627e\u5230\u6240\u5c5e\u7684 Logger \u8fdb\u884c\u5237\u65b0<br \/>\n            {<br \/>\n                std::stringstream ss;<br \/>\n                ss &lt;&lt; &#034;[&#034; &lt;&lt; _currenttime &lt;&lt; &#034;] &#034;<br \/>\n                   &lt;&lt; &#034;[&#034; &lt;&lt; _loglevel &lt;&lt; &#034;] &#034;<br \/>\n                   &lt;&lt; &#034;[&#034; &lt;&lt; _pid &lt;&lt; &#034;] &#034;<br \/>\n                   &lt;&lt; &#034;[&#034; &lt;&lt; _filename &lt;&lt; &#034;] &#034;<br \/>\n                   &lt;&lt; &#034;[&#034; &lt;&lt; _line &lt;&lt; &#034;] &#034;<br \/>\n                   &lt;&lt; &#034;- &#034;;<\/p>\n<p>                _loginfo &#061; ss.str(); \/\/ \u6b64\u65f6\u524d\u7f00\u5df2\u62fc\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            \/**<br \/>\n             * &#064;brief \u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1&#xff1a;RAII \u673a\u5236\u89e6\u53d1\u5237\u65b0<br \/>\n             * \u5f53 LOG(&#8230;) &lt;&lt; &#034;msg&#034;; \u8fd9\u884c\u8bed\u53e5\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5&#xff0c;\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ed3\u675f&#xff0c;<br \/>\n             * \u5728\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u7b56\u7565\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u8bc1\u65e5\u5fd7\u5728\u5199\u5b8c\u5373\u523b\u3001\u5fc5\u7136\u88ab\u5237\u51fa\u3002<br \/>\n             *\/<br \/>\n            ~LogMessage()<br \/>\n            {<br \/>\n                if(_logger._strategy)<br \/>\n                {<br \/>\n                    \/\/ \u8d70\u5230\u5c3d\u5934\u4e86,\u8c03\u7528\u5237\u65b0\u7b56\u7565\u5237\u65b0\u51fa\u6765<br \/>\n                    _logger._strategy-&gt;SyncLog(_loginfo);<br \/>\n                }<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ \u7528\u6a21\u7248\u91cd\u8f7d &lt;&lt; \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26&#xff1a;\u63a5\u7eb3\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b&#xff08;int, string, double\u7b49&#xff09;<br \/>\n            template &lt;typename T&gt;<br \/>\n            LogMessage&amp; operator &lt;&lt; (const T&amp; info)<br \/>\n            {<br \/>\n                std::stringstream ss;<br \/>\n                ss &lt;&lt; info; \/\/ \u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362<br \/>\n                _loginfo &#043;&#061; ss.str(); \/\/ \u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e2d<br \/>\n                return *this; \/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u5f15\u7528\u652f\u6301\u94fe\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u5982 LOG &lt;&lt; a &lt;&lt; b &lt;&lt; c;<br \/>\n            }<br \/>\n        private:<br \/>\n            std::string _currenttime;<br \/>\n            std::string _loglevel;<br \/>\n            int _pid;<br \/>\n            std::string _filename;<br \/>\n            int _line;<br \/>\n            std::string _loginfo;<\/p>\n<p>            Logger &amp;_logger; \/\/ \u5916\u90e8\u7c7b\u5f15\u7528&#xff1a;\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5177\u4f53\u5237\u65b0\u7b56\u7565<br \/>\n        };<\/p>\n<p>        \/**<br \/>\n         * &#064;brief \u91cd\u8f7d\u4eff\u51fd\u6570 operator()<br \/>\n         * \u8fd9\u662f\u6865\u6881&#xff1a;\u5c06\u5b8f\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u5165&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u6709 Logger \u6743\u9650\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6d88\u606f\u5bf9\u8c61<br \/>\n         *\/<br \/>\n        LogMessage operator() (LogLevel level, const std::string filename, int line)<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            return LogMessage(level, filename, line, *this);<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    private:<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 unique_ptr \u914d\u5408\u7b56\u7565\u57fa\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u591a\u6001<br \/>\n        std::unique_ptr&lt;LogStrategy&gt; _strategy; \/\/ \u7b56\u7565<br \/>\n    };<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u6a21\u5757\u7684Logger\u5bf9\u8c61, \u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<br \/>\n    Logger logger;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u5b8f&#xff1a;\u6355\u83b7\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf __FILE__ \u548c __LINE__&#xff0c;\u7b80\u5316\u7528\u6237\u8c03\u7528 API<br \/>\n#define LOG(level) logger(level, __FILE__, __LINE__)<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u4fbf\u6377\u5207\u6362\u8f93\u51fa\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49<br \/>\n#define ENABLE_CONSOLE_LOG_STRATEGY() logger.UseConsoleLogStrategy()<br \/>\n#define ENABLE_FILE_LOG_STRATEGY() logger.UseFileLogStrategy()<br \/>\n}<br \/>\n#endif<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89e3\u6790&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff1a;\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">LogStrategy<\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u540e\u7eed\u8981\u6269\u5c55\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u53ea\u9700\u65b0\u589e\u5b50\u7c7b\u5373\u53ef&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u5f00\u95ed\u539f\u5219&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>RAII \u81ea\u52a8\u5237\u65b0&#xff1a;<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">LogMessage<\/span><\/span>\u5185\u90e8\u7c7b\u5728\u6790\u6784\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u8f93\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u8bc1<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">LOG(INFO) &lt;&lt; &#034;hello world&#034;;<\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e&#xff0c;\u65e5\u5fd7\u5fc5\u7136\u88ab\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u5237\u65b0\u51fd\u6570&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168&#xff1a;\u6240\u6709\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90&#xff08;\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u3001\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u4fdd\u62a4&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u7684<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">localtime_r<\/span><\/span>\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u5f7b\u5e95\u89e3\u51b3\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e71\u7801\u3001\u6570\u636e\u8986\u76d6\u95ee\u9898&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u4fbf\u6377\u8c03\u7528&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b80\u5316\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u81ea\u52a8\u6355\u83b7\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u884c\u53f7&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u4f20\u5165&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u4e3b\u6d41\u65e5\u5fd7\u6846\u67b6\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"%E4%B8%89.%20V1%20%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%9AUDP%20Echo%20%E5%9B%9E%E6%98%BE%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0\">\u4e09. V1 \u7248\u672c&#xff1a;UDP Echo \u56de\u663e\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<p>\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6838\u5fc3 API \u540e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u5b9e\u73b0 UDP \u7f16\u7a0b\u7684 Hello World\u2014\u2014Echo \u56de\u663e\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9700\u6c42\u662f&#xff1a;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u540e\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u56de\u663e\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u6574\u8986\u76d6 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef \/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3.1%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0\">3.1 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3a<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">UdpEchoServer<\/span><\/span>\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5206\u4e3a\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u58f0\u660e\u548c\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u5168\u57fa\u4e8e\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7c7b\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"3.1.1%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%A4%B4%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%20UdpEchoServer.hpp\">3.1.1 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5934\u6587\u4ef6 UdpEchoServer.hpp<\/h5>\n<p>#ifndef __UDP__ECHOSERVER__HPP<br \/>\n#define __UDP__ECHOSERVER__HPP<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ &#8212; \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u5e38\u7528\u5934\u6587\u4ef6 &#8212;<br \/>\n#include &lt;cstdint&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;strings.h&gt;       \/\/ \u5305\u542b bzero \u7b49\u5185\u5b58\u6e05\u96f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;    \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b socket\u3001bind\u3001recvfrom\u3001sendto \u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u7f51\u7edc\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<br \/>\n#include &lt;netinet\/in.h&gt;    \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b struct sockaddr_in \u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u53ca\u5b8f (\u5982 INADDR_ANY)<br \/>\n#include &lt;arpa\/inet.h&gt;     \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u3001IP\u683c\u5f0f\u4e92\u76f8\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u51fd\u6570 (\u5982 htons, inet_ntoa)<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &#034;logger.hpp&#034;      \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<p>using namespace LogModule;<\/p>\n<p>class UdpEchoServer{<br \/>\npublic:<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26 _socketfd \u8bbe\u4e3a -1 (\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u6548\u72b6\u6001)&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u51fa\u73b0\u968f\u673a\u503c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a<br \/>\n    \/\/ UdpEchoServer(const std::string &amp;ip, uint16_t port)<br \/>\n    UdpEchoServer(uint16_t port)<br \/>\n        : _socketfd(-1)<br \/>\n        \/\/ , _ip(ip)<br \/>\n        , _port(port)<br \/>\n    {}<\/p>\n<p>    void Init()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efasocket, \u7cfb\u7edf\u6982\u5ff5<br \/>\n        \/\/ AF_INET: \u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528 IPv4 \u534f\u8bae\u65cf<br \/>\n        \/\/ SOCK_DGRAM: \u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u9762\u5411\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684 UDP \u534f\u8bae<br \/>\n        \/\/ 0: \u8ba9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b<br \/>\n        _socketfd &#061; socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);<br \/>\n        if(_socketfd &lt; 0)<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u521b\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e25\u91cd\u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u9000\u51fa\u8fdb\u7a0b<br \/>\n            LOG(LogLevel::FATAL) &lt;&lt; &#034;create socketfd error&#034;;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        LOG(LogLevel::INFO) &lt;&lt; &#034;create socketfd success: &#034; &lt;&lt; _socketfd;<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ 2. bind (\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u597d\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0e\u5177\u4f53\u7684 IP \u548c \u7aef\u53e3 \u7ed1\u5b9a)<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u5c5e\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\u7684 IPv4 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<br \/>\n        struct sockaddr_in local;<br \/>\n        socklen_t len &#061; sizeof(local);<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u5fc5\u987b\u6e05\u96f6&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u539f\u6709\u7684\u810f\u6570\u636e\u5e72\u6270\u5185\u6838\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u89e3\u6790<br \/>\n        bzero(&amp;local, len);<br \/>\n        local.sin_family &#061; AF_INET; \/\/ \u660e\u786e\u5730\u5740\u5bb6\u65cf\u4e3a IPv4<br \/>\n        local.sin_port &#061; htons(_port); \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u672c\u673a\u8f6c\u7f51\u7edc (Host to Network Short&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u5927\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8)<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u5982\u679cserver \u663e\u793a\u7684bind\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53IP\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4e00\u822c\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u53d1\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u62a5\u6587<br \/>\n        \/\/ local.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; inet_addr(_ip.c_str()); \/\/ \u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236 -&gt; 4\u5b57\u8282IP,\u7f51\u7edc\u5e8f\u5217\u7684<br \/>\n        \/\/ INADDR_ANY (\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u672c\u8d28\u662f 0)&#xff1a;\u8868\u793a\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u542c\u672c\u673a\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7f51\u5361\u7684 IP&#xff0c;\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90e8\u7f72\u5fc5\u5907<br \/>\n        local.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; INADDR_ANY; \/\/ \u4efb\u610fIP\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u8c03\u7528 bind \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u7279\u5b9a\u534f\u8bae\u7684 local \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6307\u9488\u5f3a\u8f6c\u4e3a\u901a\u7528\u7684 sockaddr \u6307\u9488<br \/>\n        int n &#061; bind(_socketfd, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;local, len);<br \/>\n        if(n &lt; 0)<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            LOG(LogLevel::FATAL) &lt;&lt; &#034;bind socketfd error&#034;;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        LOG(LogLevel::INFO) &lt;&lt; &#034;bind socketfd success: &#034; &lt;&lt; _socketfd;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    void Start()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<br \/>\n        char inbuffer[1024];<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u9a7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af&#xff0c;\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1<br \/>\n        while(true)<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            \/\/ perr (\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f peer) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u7ed9\u4f60\u53d1\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\u7ed9\u5b83\u56de\u4fe1<br \/>\n            struct sockaddr_in perr;<br \/>\n            socklen_t len &#061; sizeof(perr);<br \/>\n            \/\/ 1. \u8bfb\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u6ce8\u610f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570: sizeof(inbuffer) &#8211; 1 \u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26 &#039;\\\\0&#039; \u9884\u7559\u7a7a\u95f4<br \/>\n            ssize_t n &#061; recvfrom(_socketfd, inbuffer, sizeof(inbuffer) &#8211; 1, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;perr, &amp;len);<br \/>\n            if(n &lt; 0)<br \/>\n            {<br \/>\n                LOG(LogLevel::WARNING) &lt;&lt; &#034;recvfrom error&#034;;<br \/>\n                break; \/\/ \u53d1\u751f\u8bfb\u53d6\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5faa\u73af<br \/>\n            }<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u5b89\u5168\u5904\u7406&#xff1a;\u5c06\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u7eaf\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26&#xff0c;\u5f53\u505a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u5904\u7406<br \/>\n            inbuffer[n] &#061; 0;<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ \u6211\u4eec\u4ecepeer\u91cc\u9762\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5e8f\u5217,\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u6253\u5370\u89c2\u5bdf\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u5e8f\u5217<br \/>\n            \/\/ inet_ntoa: \u5c06\u5e95\u5c42\u7684 4 \u5b57\u8282\u6574\u6570 IP (Network) \u8f6c\u6362\u56de\u4eba\u4eec\u80fd\u770b\u61c2\u7684\u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 (ASCII)<br \/>\n            std::string clientIp &#061; inet_ntoa(perr.sin_addr);<br \/>\n            \/\/ ntohs: \u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u5927\u7aef\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f (Network) \u8f6c\u6362\u56de\u672c\u673a\u7684\u5c0f\u7aef\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f (Host Short)<br \/>\n            uint16_t clientPort &#061; ntohs(perr.sin_port);<br \/>\n            LOG(LogLevel::INFO) &lt;&lt; &#034;get a message: &#034; &lt;&lt; inbuffer<br \/>\n                                       &lt;&lt; &#034;, client addr: &#034; &lt;&lt; clientIp &lt;&lt; &#034;:&#034; &lt;&lt; clientPort;<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e (\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u6781\u7b80\u7684 Echo \u56de\u663e\u673a\u5236)<br \/>\n            std::string echo_str &#061; &#034;Server say: &#034;;<br \/>\n            echo_str &#043;&#061; inbuffer;<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ 2. \u53d1\u9001\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u8fd9\u4e2alen\u662f\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u91cd\u70b9\u6280\u5de7&#xff1a;\u521a\u624d recvfrom \u65f6&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6309\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u586b\u5165 perr \u4e2d\u4e86<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u6240\u4ee5\u73b0\u5728\u76f4\u63a5\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u5730\u5f3a\u8f6c\u4f20\u5165 sendto \u5373\u53ef&#xff0c;\u975e\u5e38\u95ed\u73af<br \/>\n            ssize_t m &#061; sendto(_socketfd, echo_str.c_str(), echo_str.size(),  0, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;perr, len);<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u5f3a\u8f6c\u4e3a (void)&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a C&#043;&#043; \u7f16\u7a0b\u4e60\u60ef&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u58f0\u660e\u5e76\u538b\u5236 &#034;\u53d8\u91cf m \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4f46\u672a\u4f7f\u7528&#034; \u7684\u8b66\u544a<br \/>\n            (void)m;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u8d1f\u8d23\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c<br \/>\n    ~UdpEchoServer()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n      if (_socketfd &gt;&#061; 0)<br \/>\n      {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u8c03\u7528 close \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff0c;\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90\u4ea4\u8fd8\u7ed9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf (\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u5305\u542b &lt;unistd.h&gt;)<br \/>\n        close(_socketfd);<br \/>\n        LOG(LogLevel::INFO) &lt;&lt; &#034;socket closed, sockfd: &#034; &lt;&lt; _socketfd;<br \/>\n      }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>private:<br \/>\n    int _socketfd;        \/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u7684 socket \u53e5\u67c4<br \/>\n    \/\/ std::string _ip;   \/\/ \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u65b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u901a\u7528\u7684 INADDR_ANY<br \/>\n    uint16_t _port;       \/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<br \/>\n};<br \/>\n#endif<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"1035\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260724163448-6a639428cdbdf.png\" width=\"1372\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"1053\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260724163449-6a6394294c7d5.png\" width=\"1385\" \/><\/p>\n<h5 id=\"3.1.2%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E4%B8%BB%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%20UdpEchoServer.cpp\">3.1.2 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570 UdpEchoServer.cpp<\/h5>\n<p>\/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u624d\u5c01\u88c5\u597d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6838\u5fc3\u7c7b\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n#include &#034;UdpEchoServer.hpp&#034;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f85\u52a9\u7684\u624b\u518c\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u8f93\u5165\u4e0d\u5bf9\u65f6&#xff0c;\u63d0\u793a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<br \/>\nvoid Usage(const std::string &amp;name)<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6ce8\u610f\u5c0f\u7ec6\u8282&#xff1a;\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6253\u5370\u4fe1\u606f\u4f9d\u7136\u5199\u7740 &#034;ip port&#034;&#xff0c;<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u4f46\u6839\u636e\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u4f20\u5165 port \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<br \/>\n    std::cerr &lt;&lt; &#034;Usage: &#034; &lt;&lt; name &lt;&lt; &#034; ip port&#034; &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ .\/UdpEchoServer 8080<br \/>\n\/\/ \u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed1\u5b9a\u56fa\u5b9aIP<br \/>\n\/\/ argc: \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570&#xff1b; argv: \u5b58\u653e\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6570\u7ec4<br \/>\nint main(int argc, char *argv[])<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n    \/\/ 1. \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u673a\u5236<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u56e0\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u672c\u8eab&#xff08;\u5982 &#034;.\/UdpEchoServer&#034;&#xff09;\u7b97\u7b2c 1 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u4f20\u5165 1 \u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u7684 argc \u5fc5\u987b\u7b49\u4e8e 2\u3002<br \/>\n    if(argc !&#061; 2)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u5bf9&#xff0c;\u8c03\u7528\u7528\u6cd5\u63d0\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u3002argv[0] \u5c31\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002<br \/>\n        Usage(argv[0]);<br \/>\n        exit(0); \/\/ \u9000\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 2. \u89e3\u6790\u53c2\u6570<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u56e0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5e95\u5c42\u5df2\u7ecf\u6539\u4e3a\u4e86 INADDR_ANY (\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4efb\u610f\u53ef\u7528 IP)&#xff0c;<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e86&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5c97\u3002<br \/>\n    \/\/ std::string server_ip &#061; argv[1];<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ argv[1] \u62ff\u5230\u7684\u662f\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 (\u5982 &#034;8080&#034;)<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u7f51\u7edc\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u6570\u5b57&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7 std::stoi (String TO Integer) \u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u4e3a 16\u4f4d\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u578b<br \/>\n    uint16_t server_port &#061; std::stoi(argv[1]);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u542f\u52a8<br \/>\n    \/\/ 3. \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6211\u4eec\u5199\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u5e76\u628a\u89e3\u6790\u597d\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4ed6<br \/>\n    UdpEchoServer usvr(server_port);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 4. \u8c03\u7528 Init() \u5b8c\u6210\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u521b\u5efa (socket) \u548c\u7ed1\u5b9a (bind)<br \/>\n    usvr.Init();<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 5. \u8c03\u7528 Start() \u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u5165\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af&#xff0c;\u5f00\u59cb\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6570\u636e (recvfrom)<br \/>\n    usvr.Start();<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u5728 Start() \u7684\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u4e00\u76f4\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d70\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3.2%20%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0\">3.2 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65e0\u9700\u5c01\u88c5&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3b\u6d41\u7a0b\u5373\u53ef&#xff0c;\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bfb\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165&#xff0c;\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef&#xff0c;\u518d\u6253\u5370\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u56de\u663e\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86,\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e86<br \/>\n#include &lt;cstdlib&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;cstring&gt;         \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b memset \u51fd\u6570<br \/>\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string&gt;<br \/>\n\/\/ &#8212; \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5fc5\u5907\u5934\u6587\u4ef6 &#8212;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;    \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b socket\u3001recvfrom\u3001sendto \u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3<br \/>\n#include &lt;netinet\/in.h&gt;    \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b struct sockaddr_in \u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<br \/>\n#include &lt;arpa\/inet.h&gt;     \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u4e0eIP\u683c\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u51fd\u6570 (\u5982 htons, inet_addr)<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u542f\u52a8\u53c2\u6570\u8f93\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u65f6&#xff0c;\u63d0\u793a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7528\u6cd5<br \/>\nvoid Usage(const std::string &amp;name)<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n    std::cerr &lt;&lt; &#034;Usage: &#034; &lt;&lt; name &lt;&lt; &#034; server_ip server_port&#034; &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ .\/UdpEchoClient 1900.0.0.1 8080<br \/>\nint main(int argc, char *argv[])<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c&#xff1a;\u9700\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u51713\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570<br \/>\n    if(argc !&#061; 3)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        Usage(argv[0]);<br \/>\n        exit(1);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u5f97\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aefIP\u548cPort<br \/>\n    std::string server_ip &#061; argv[1];<br \/>\n    \/\/ std::stoi (String TO Integer): \u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a 16\u4f4d\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u578b<br \/>\n    uint16_t server_port &#061; std::stoi(argv[2]);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa sockfd<br \/>\n    \/\/ AF_INET: \u6307\u5b9a IPv4 \u534f\u8bae\u65cf; SOCK_DGRAM: \u6307\u5b9a\u9762\u5411\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684 UDP \u534f\u8bae<br \/>\n    int sockfd &#061; socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);<br \/>\n    if(sockfd &lt; 0)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        std::cerr &lt;&lt; &#034;create client socketfd error&#034; &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n        exit(1);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 2. \u6784\u5efa\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668socket\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u81ea\u5df1\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u7684IP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u4f46\u662f&#xff0c;client\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u663e\u793a\u7684bind port&#xff0c;\u4e00\u822c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u90fd\u662f\u7531OS\u81ea\u5df1\u9009\u62e9IP\u548cPort&#xff0c;<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u5c24\u5176\u662fPort&#xff0c;client\u7684port\u8981\u8ba9OS\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aefport&#xff0c;\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u552f\u4e00\u624d\u91cd\u8981<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u5668port&#xff0c;\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u5f88\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u552f\u4e00\u662f\u57fa\u7840<br \/>\n    \/\/ client\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u663e\u793a\u7684bind port, \u4f46\u662f\u5fc5\u987bbind&#xff0c;\u7531OS\u81ea\u5df1\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;Port\u968f\u673a<br \/>\n    struct sockaddr_in server;<br \/>\n    socklen_t len &#061; sizeof(server);<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6211\u4eec\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7528\u4e86bzero,\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u7528\u7528memset (\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6e05\u96f6\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u810f\u6570\u636e)<br \/>\n    memset(&amp;server, 0, len);<br \/>\n    server.sin_family &#061; AF_INET;<br \/>\n    \/\/ htons: \u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u8f6c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f (\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u5927\u7aef\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\u7684)<br \/>\n    server.sin_port &#061; htons(server_port);<br \/>\n    \/\/ inet_addr: \u5c06\u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684IP\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u76844\u5b57\u8282\u6574\u6570IP<br \/>\n    server.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; inet_addr(server_ip.c_str());<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 3. \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n    std::string inbuffer;<br \/>\n    while(true)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165 (\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;std::cin \u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u683c\u4f1a\u622a\u65ad&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u5e26\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u53e5\u5b50&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e38\u6539\u7528 std::getline)<br \/>\n        std::cout &lt;&lt; &#034;Please Enter# &#034;;<br \/>\n        std::cin &gt;&gt; inbuffer;<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ 1. \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u3010\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u89e6\u53d1\u70b9\u3011&#xff1a;\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u8c03\u7528 sendto \u65f6&#xff0c;<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e95\u5c42\u4f1a\u6084\u6084\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d sockfd \u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u672c\u5730\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u9690\u5f0f bind\u3002<br \/>\n        ssize_t n &#061; sendto(sockfd, inbuffer.c_str(), inbuffer.size(), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;server, len);<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u538b\u5236\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5173\u4e8e n \u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8b66\u544a<br \/>\n        (void)n;<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ 2. \u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n        \/\/ temp \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e\u7ed9\u4f60\u56de\u4fe1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9(\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668)\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>\n        struct sockaddr_in temp;<br \/>\n        socklen_t tempLen &#061; sizeof(temp);<br \/>\n        char buffer[1024];<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u56de\u4fe1<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u6ce8\u610f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570 sizeof(buffer) &#8211; 1 \u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u7559\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4<br \/>\n        ssize_t m &#061; recvfrom(sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer) &#8211; 1, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&amp;temp, &amp;tempLen);<br \/>\n        if(m &gt; 0)<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u5b89\u5168\u5904\u7406&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7edc\u6536\u5230\u7684\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u52a8\u8ffd\u52a0 C \u98ce\u683c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26 &#039;\\\\0&#039;<br \/>\n            buffer[m] &#061; 0;<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u6253\u5370\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<br \/>\n        std::cout &lt;&lt; buffer &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3.3%20%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E4%B8%8E%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95\">3.3 \u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<h5 id=\"3.3.1%20%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%20Makefile\">3.3.1 \u7f16\u8bd1 Makefile<\/h5>\n<p>CXX &#061; g&#043;&#043;<br \/>\nCXXFLAGS &#061; -Wall -std&#061;c&#043;&#043;17<br \/>\nTARGETS &#061; udpEchoServer udpEchoClient<\/p>\n<p>all: $(TARGETS)<\/p>\n<p>udpEchoServer: UdpEchoServer.cpp<br \/>\n$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o udpEchoServer UdpEchoServer.cpp<\/p>\n<p>udpEchoClient: UdpEchoClient.cpp<br \/>\n$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o udpEchoClient UdpEchoClient.cpp -static<\/p>\n<p>clean:<br \/>\nrm -f $(TARGETS)<\/p>\n<p>.PHONY: all clean<\/p>\n<p>\u6267\u884c<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">make<\/span><\/span>\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u7f16\u8bd1&#xff0c;\u751f\u6210<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">UdpEchoServer<\/span><\/span>\u548c<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">UdpEchoClient<\/span><\/span>\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<h5 id=\"3.3.2%20%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95\">3.3.2 \u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u7aef&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.\/udpEchoServer 8080<\/p>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u542f\u52a8\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u521b\u5efa socket\u3001\u7ed1\u5b9a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u542f\u52a8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>.\/udpEchoClient 127.0.0.1 8080<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u542f\u52a8\u540e&#xff0c;\u8f93\u5165\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u5373\u53ef\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u56de\u663e\u54cd\u5e94&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u6d88\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7aef\u53e3\u76d1\u542c\u9a8c\u8bc1&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6267\u884c<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">netstat -uanp<\/span><\/span>\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u5373\u53ef\u770b\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u76d1\u542c\u7684 8080 \u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"622\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260724163449-6a639429bc9a2.png\" width=\"2081\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"%E5%9B%9B.%C2%A0%E8%A7%A3%E8%80%A6%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%9A%E5%8A%A1%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%EF%BC%9A%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%91%E6%B1%89%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%20(V2)\">\u56db.\u00a0\u89e3\u8026\u5c01\u88c5\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u5b9e\u6218&#xff1a;\u82f1\u8bd1\u6c49\u5b57\u5178\u670d\u52a1\u5668 (V2)<\/h3>\n<p>V1 \u7248\u672c\u7684\u56de\u663e\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u628a\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u8026\u5408\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u89e3\u8026\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0 V2 \u7248\u672c \u2014\u2014 \u5728\u7ebf\u82f1\u8bd1\u6c49\u5b57\u5178\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u5206\u79bb&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b57\u5178\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u4e0e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"4.1%20%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90\">4.1 \u9700\u6c42\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u542f\u52a8\u65f6&#xff0c;\u52a0\u8f7d\u672c\u5730<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">Dict.txt<\/span><\/span>\u8bcd\u5178\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5c06\u82f1\u6587\u5355\u8bcd\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u4f8b\u53e5\u5b58\u5165\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u82f1\u6587\u5355\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u540e\u67e5\u8be2\u8bcd\u5178&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e0e\u4f8b\u53e5<\/li>\n<li>\u5355\u8bcd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u300c\u672a\u77e5\u300d\u63d0\u793a&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u5c42\u4e0e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u8026&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6362\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u5feb\u901f\u9002\u914d\u5176\u4ed6\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"4.2%20%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%20Dict.txt\">4.2 \u8bcd\u5178\u6587\u4ef6 Dict.txt<\/h4>\n<p>\u8bcd\u5178\u6587\u4ef6\u91c7\u7528\u00a0<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">\u5355\u8bcd: \u7ffb\u8bd1 &#8211; \u4f8b\u53e5<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u7684\u683c\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b&#xff08;\u5927\u5bb6\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u6269\u5c55\u4e00\u4e9b&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>apple: \u82f9\u679c &#8211; I eat an apple every day. \/ \u6211\u6bcf\u5929\u5403\u4e00\u4e2a\u82f9\u679c\u3002<br \/>\nbanana: \u9999\u8549 &#8211; The monkey is eating a banana. \/ \u7334\u5b50\u6b63\u5728\u5403\u9999\u8549\u3002<br \/>\ncat: \u732b &#8211; My cat likes to sleep on the sofa. \/ \u6211\u7684\u732b\u559c\u6b22\u5728\u6c99\u53d1\u4e0a\u7761\u89c9\u3002<br \/>\ndog: \u72d7 &#8211; She takes her dog for a walk every morning. \/ \u5979\u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u5e26\u5979\u7684\u72d7\u53bb\u6563\u6b65\u3002<br \/>\nbook: \u4e66 &#8211; This book is very interesting. \/ \u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u8da3\u3002<br \/>\npen: \u7b14 &#8211; May I use your pen? \/ \u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\u4f60\u7684\u7b14\u5417&#xff1f;<br \/>\nhappy: \u5feb\u4e50\u7684 &#8211; She looks very happy today. \/ \u5979\u4eca\u5929\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u5feb\u4e50\u3002<br \/>\nsad: \u60b2\u4f24\u7684 &#8211; He felt sad when he lost his watch. \/ \u4ed6\u4e22\u4e86\u624b\u8868\u65f6\u611f\u5230\u5f88\u60b2\u4f24\u3002<br \/>\nrun: \u8dd1 &#8211; I run fast in the park. \/ \u6211\u5728\u516c\u56ed\u91cc\u8dd1\u5f97\u5f88\u5feb\u3002<br \/>\njump: \u8df3 &#8211; The child can jump high. \/ \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u80fd\u8df3\u5f97\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002<br \/>\nteacher: \u8001\u5e08 &#8211; Our teacher is very kind. \/ \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u975e\u5e38\u548c\u853c\u3002<br \/>\nstudent: \u5b66\u751f &#8211; He is a hardworking student. \/ \u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52e4\u594b\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u3002<br \/>\ncar: \u6c7d\u8f66 &#8211; His car is very fast. \/ \u4ed6\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\u3002<br \/>\nbus: \u516c\u4ea4\u8f66 &#8211; I go to school by bus. \/ \u6211\u4e58\u516c\u4ea4\u8f66\u4e0a\u5b66\u3002<br \/>\nlove: \u7231 &#8211; I love my family. \/ \u6211\u7231\u6211\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u3002<br \/>\nhate: \u6068 &#8211; I hate getting up early. \/ \u6211\u8ba8\u538c\u65e9\u8d77\u3002<br \/>\nhello: \u4f60\u597d &#8211; Hello, nice to meet you! \/ \u4f60\u597d&#xff0c;\u5f88\u9ad8\u5174\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4f60&#xff01;<br \/>\ngoodbye: \u518d\u89c1 &#8211; Goodbye, see you tomorrow! \/ \u518d\u89c1&#xff0c;\u660e\u5929\u89c1&#xff01;<br \/>\nsummer: \u590f\u5929 &#8211; Summer is my favorite season. \/ \u590f\u5929\u662f\u6211\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u5b63\u8282\u3002<br \/>\nwinter: \u51ac\u5929 &#8211; It is very cold in winter. \/ \u51ac\u5929\u975e\u5e38\u51b7\u3002<br \/>\nmilk: \u725b\u5976 &#8211; I drink a glass of milk every night. \/ \u6211\u6bcf\u665a\u559d\u4e00\u676f\u725b\u5976\u3002<br \/>\nrice: \u7c73\u996d &#8211; We eat rice for dinner. \/ \u6211\u4eec\u665a\u996d\u5403\u7c73\u996d\u3002<br \/>\nfish: \u9c7c &#8211; The fish swims in the river. \/ \u9c7c\u513f\u5728\u6cb3\u91cc\u6e38\u52a8\u3002<br \/>\nbird: \u9e1f &#8211; A little bird sings in the tree. \/ \u4e00\u53ea\u5c0f\u9e1f\u5728\u6811\u4e0a\u5531\u6b4c\u3002<br \/>\ndesk: \u4e66\u684c &#8211; I do my homework on the desk. \/ \u6211\u5728\u4e66\u684c\u4e0a\u5199\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002<br \/>\nchair: \u6905\u5b50 &#8211; Please sit on this chair. \/ \u8bf7\u5750\u5728\u8fd9\u628a\u6905\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002<br \/>\ntall: \u9ad8\u7684 &#8211; The tree is very tall. \/ \u8fd9\u68f5\u6811\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002<br \/>\nshort: \u77ee\u7684&#xff1b;\u77ed\u7684 &#8211; He is short and thin. \/ \u4ed6\u53c8\u77ee\u53c8\u7626\u3002<br \/>\nwalk: \u8d70 &#8211; We walk to school together. \/ \u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u8d70\u8def\u53bb\u4e0a\u5b66\u3002<br \/>\nsing: \u5531\u6b4c &#8211; She likes to sing songs. \/ \u5979\u559c\u6b22\u5531\u6b4c\u3002<br \/>\ndoctor: \u533b\u751f &#8211; The doctor helps sick people. \/ \u533b\u751f\u5e2e\u52a9\u751f\u75c5\u7684\u4eba\u3002<br \/>\nnurse: \u62a4\u58eb &#8211; The nurse is very gentle. \/ \u8fd9\u4f4d\u62a4\u58eb\u5341\u5206\u6e29\u67d4\u3002<br \/>\nbike: \u81ea\u884c\u8f66 &#8211; I ride my bike on weekends. \/ \u6211\u5468\u672b\u9a91\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u3002<br \/>\ntrain: \u706b\u8f66 &#8211; We will take a train to travel. \/ \u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5750\u706b\u8f66\u53bb\u65c5\u884c\u3002<br \/>\nsmile: \u5fae\u7b11 &#8211; You have a beautiful smile. \/ \u4f60\u7684\u7b11\u5bb9\u5f88\u7f8e\u3002<br \/>\nangry: \u751f\u6c14\u7684 &#8211; My mom is angry with me. \/ \u5988\u5988\u5728\u751f\u6211\u7684\u6c14\u3002<br \/>\nspring: \u6625\u5929 &#8211; Flowers bloom in spring. \/ \u6625\u5929\u767e\u82b1\u76db\u5f00\u3002<br \/>\nautumn: \u79cb\u5929 &#8211; Autumn is cool and comfortable. \/ \u79cb\u5929\u51c9\u723d\u53c8\u8212\u9002\u3002<br \/>\nwater: \u6c34 &#8211; We need to drink enough water. \/ \u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u559d\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6c34\u3002<br \/>\nbread: \u9762\u5305 &#8211; I have bread for breakfast. \/ \u6211\u65e9\u9910\u5403\u9762\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"4.3%20%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E7%B1%BB%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%20Dictionary.hpp\">4.3 \u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0 Dictionary.hpp<\/h4>\n<p>\u8be5\u7c7b\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bcd\u5178\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u5355\u8bcd\u67e5\u8be2&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5355\u72ec\u590d\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>#ifndef __DICTIONARY__HPP<br \/>\n#define __DICTIONARY__HPP<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ &#8212; \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5934\u6587\u4ef6 &#8212;<br \/>\n#include &lt;fstream&gt;         \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41 (std::ifstream)&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;unordered_map&gt;   \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6781\u901f\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u67e5\u627e (O(1) \u590d\u6742\u5ea6)<br \/>\n#include &#034;logger.hpp&#034;      \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6a21\u5757<br \/>\nusing namespace LogModule;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ &#8212; \u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\u5e38\u91cf &#8212;<br \/>\nconst std::string gdefaultfilename &#061; &#034;.\/Dict.txt&#034;; \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<br \/>\nconst std::string gsep &#061; &#034;: &#034;;                     \/\/ \u5b57\u5178\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d Key \u548c Value \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26 (\u5192\u53f7\u52a0\u7a7a\u683c)<\/p>\n<p>class Dictionary<br \/>\n{<br \/>\nprivate:<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;\u8d1f\u8d23\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c06\u78c1\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d<br \/>\n    void LoadConfig()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n        std::ifstream in(_dictfilename);<br \/>\n        if(!in.is_open())<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u81f4\u547d\u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa\u8fdb\u7a0b<br \/>\n            LOG(LogLevel::FATAL) &lt;&lt; &#034;open fail&#034;;<br \/>\n            exit(1);<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        LOG(LogLevel::INFO) &lt;&lt; &#034;open success&#034;;<\/p>\n<p>        std::string line;<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u6309\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8981\u6ca1\u8bfb\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e (EOF)&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u53d6<br \/>\n        while(std::getline(in, line))<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            \/\/ apple: \u82f9\u679c &#8211; I eat an apple every day. \/ \u6211\u6bcf\u5929\u5403\u4e00\u4e2a\u82f9\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ \u6838\u5fc3\u5207\u5272\u903b\u8f91&#xff1a;\u5bfb\u627e\u5206\u9694\u7b26 &#034;: &#034; \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<br \/>\n            auto pos &#061; line.find(gsep);<br \/>\n            if(pos &#061;&#061; std::string::npos) \/\/ \u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230<br \/>\n            {<br \/>\n                \/\/ \u5bb9\u9519\u5904\u7406&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5bf9&#xff08;\u7f3a\u5c11\u5206\u9694\u7b26&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6253\u8b66\u544a\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u8df3\u8fc7\u5b83\u7ee7\u7eed\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c<br \/>\n                LOG(LogLevel::WARNING) &lt;&lt; &#034;load fail&#034;;<br \/>\n                continue;<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ \u63d0\u53d6 Key (\u82f1\u6587\u5355\u8bcd)&#xff1a;<br \/>\n            \/\/ pos \u7684\u503c\u6070\u597d\u7b49\u4e8e\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5 substr(0, pos) \u5b8c\u7f8e\u622a\u53d6\u4e86\u5355\u8bcd<br \/>\n            std::string key &#061; line.substr(0, pos);<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ \u63d0\u53d6 Value (\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53ca\u4f8b\u53e5)&#xff1a;<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u4ece (\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4e0b\u6807 &#043; \u5206\u9694\u7b26\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u957f\u5ea6) \u5f00\u59cb\u622a\u53d6&#xff0c;\u4e00\u76f4\u622a\u53d6\u5230\u8fd9\u884c\u7684\u672b\u5c3e<br \/>\n            std::string value &#061; line.substr(pos &#043; gsep.size());<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ \u5c06\u5207\u5272\u597d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5b58\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868<br \/>\n            _dictmp.insert({key, value});<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u8d44\u6e90<br \/>\n        in.close();<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>public:<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u5de7\u5999\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u88ab\u521b\u5efa&#xff0c;\u5c31\u7acb\u523b\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528 LoadConfig() \u5b8c\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u89e3\u6790<br \/>\n    Dictionary(const std::string dictfilename &#061; gdefaultfilename)<br \/>\n        : _dictfilename(dictfilename)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        LoadConfig();<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u516c\u5171\u63a5\u53e3&#xff1a;\u63d0\u4f9b\u5728\u7ebf\u7ffb\u8bd1\u670d\u52a1 (\u5c06\u6536\u5230\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5355\u8bcd\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e2d\u6587)<br \/>\n    std::string TransTrate(const std::string &amp;word)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u5728\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6781\u901f\u67e5\u627e<br \/>\n        auto it &#061; _dictmp.find(word);<br \/>\n        if(it &#061;&#061; _dictmp.end())<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u67e5\u5230\u4e86\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u8fd8\u6ca1\u627e\u5230&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u5b57\u5178\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd<br \/>\n            return &#034;\u672a\u77e5&#034;;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u627e\u5230\u4e86&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5185\u5bb9 (\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u7684 second \u5c31\u662f Value)<br \/>\n        return it-&gt;second;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 STL \u5bb9\u5668 (string, unordered_map)&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5373\u53ef<br \/>\n    ~Dictionary()<br \/>\n    {<\/p>\n<p>    }<\/p>\n<p>private:<br \/>\n    std::string _dictfilename; \/\/ \u5b58\u653e\u5f53\u524d\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<br \/>\n    std::unordered_map&lt;std::string, std::string&gt; _dictmp; \/\/ \u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;\u627f\u8f7d\u5b57\u5178\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868<br \/>\n};<br \/>\n#endif<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u91c7\u7528<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">unordered_map<\/span><\/span>\u5b58\u50a8\u5355\u8bcd\u4e0e\u91ca\u4e49&#xff0c;\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 O (1)&#xff0c;\u6027\u80fd\u6781\u9ad8&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u52a0\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u505a\u4e86\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u683c\u5f0f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u884c\u4ec5\u6253\u5370\u8b66\u544a&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4f53\u52a0\u8f7d&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5728\u4efb\u4f55 C&#043;&#043; \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u7b26\u5408\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"4.4%20%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%20UDP%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%20UdpServer.hpp\">4.4 \u901a\u7528 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0 UdpServer.hpp<\/h4>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9 V1 \u7248\u672c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u9020&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u89e3\u8026&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6536\u53d1&#xff0c;\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<p>#ifndef __UDP__SERVER__HPP<br \/>\n#define __UDP__SERVER__HPP<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ &#8212; \u6807\u51c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u5934\u6587\u4ef6 &#8212;<br \/>\n#include &lt;cstdint&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;strings.h&gt;       \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b bzero<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;    \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b socket\u3001bind\u3001recvfrom\u3001sendto<br \/>\n#include &lt;netinet\/in.h&gt;    \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b sockaddr_in \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u53ca INADDR_ANY<br \/>\n#include &lt;arpa\/inet.h&gt;     \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b htons\u3001inet_ntoa \u7b49\u8f6c\u6362\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;functional&gt;      \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b std::function&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u673a\u5236 (\u6838\u5fc3\u89e3\u8026\u5229\u5668)<br \/>\n#include &#034;logger.hpp&#034;<\/p>\n<p>using namespace LogModule;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<br \/>\n\/\/ \u3010\u6838\u5fc3\u89e3\u8026\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3011&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u4e49\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b callback_t\u3002<br \/>\n\/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u6536\u53d1\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u5177\u4f53\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u8bcd\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b97\u672f\u9898&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u7531\u5916\u90e8\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<br \/>\nusing callback_t &#061; std::function&lt;std::string(const std::string &amp;)&gt;;<\/p>\n<p>class UdpServer{<br \/>\npublic:<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u73b0\u5728\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570 cb&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u4e0a\u5c42\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f20\u9012\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91<br \/>\n    UdpServer(callback_t cb, uint16_t port)<br \/>\n        : _socketfd(-1)<br \/>\n        , _port(port)<br \/>\n        , _cb(cb) \/\/ \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\n    {}<\/p>\n<p>    void Init()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efasocket, \u7cfb\u7edf\u6982\u5ff5<br \/>\n        \/\/ AF_INET: IPv4\u534f\u8bae\u65cf; SOCK_DGRAM: \u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u670d\u52a1(UDP); 0: \u9ed8\u8ba4\u534f\u8bae<br \/>\n        _socketfd &#061; socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);<br \/>\n        if(_socketfd &lt; 0)<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            LOG(LogLevel::FATAL) &lt;&lt; &#034;create socketfd error&#034;;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        LOG(LogLevel::INFO) &lt;&lt; &#034;create socketfd success: &#034; &lt;&lt; _socketfd;<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ 2. bind (\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u5230 socket)<br \/>\n        struct sockaddr_in local;<br \/>\n        socklen_t len &#061; sizeof(local);<br \/>\n        bzero(&amp;local, len); \/\/ \u4e25\u8c28\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff1a;\u6e05\u7a7a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u810f\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n        local.sin_family &#061; AF_INET;<br \/>\n        local.sin_port &#061; htons(_port); \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u672c\u673a\u8f6c\u7f51\u7edc (\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7aef\u53e3\u5927\u7aef\u4f20\u8f93)<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u5982\u679cserver \u663e\u793a\u7684bind\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53IP\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4e00\u822c\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u53d1\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u62a5\u6587<br \/>\n        \/\/ local.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; inet_addr(_ip.c_str()); \/\/ \u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236 -&gt; 4\u5b57\u8282IP,\u7f51\u7edc\u5e8f\u5217\u7684<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a INADDR_ANY (0)&#xff0c;\u76d1\u542c\u672c\u673a\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\u591a\u7f51\u5361\u73af\u5883<br \/>\n        local.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; INADDR_ANY; \/\/ \u4efb\u610fIP\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528 bind&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u8f6c\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684 struct sockaddr* \u6307\u9488<br \/>\n        int n &#061; bind(_socketfd, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;local, len);<br \/>\n        if(n &lt; 0)<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            LOG(LogLevel::FATAL) &lt;&lt; &#034;bind socketfd error&#034;;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        LOG(LogLevel::INFO) &lt;&lt; &#034;bind socketfd success: &#034; &lt;&lt; _socketfd;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    void Start()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        char inbuffer[1024];<br \/>\n        while(true)<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            \/\/ perr \u4fdd\u5b58\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f (\u53d1\u4ef6\u4eba\u662f\u8c01)<br \/>\n            struct sockaddr_in perr;<br \/>\n            socklen_t len &#061; sizeof(perr);<br \/>\n            \/\/ 1. \u8bfb\u53d6\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u6765\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;sizeof(inbuffer)-1 \u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a &#039;\\\\0&#039; \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<br \/>\n            ssize_t n &#061; recvfrom(_socketfd, inbuffer, sizeof(inbuffer) &#8211; 1, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;perr, &amp;len);<br \/>\n            if(n &lt; 0)<br \/>\n            {<br \/>\n                LOG(LogLevel::WARNING) &lt;&lt; &#034;recvfrom error&#034;;<br \/>\n                break;<br \/>\n            }<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26&#xff0c;\u5c06\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7eaf\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u7684 C \u98ce\u683c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<br \/>\n            inbuffer[n] &#061; 0;<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ \u6211\u4eec\u4ecepeer\u91cc\u9762\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5e8f\u5217,\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u6253\u5370\u89c2\u5bdf\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u5e8f\u5217<br \/>\n            \/\/ inet_ntoa: \u5c06 4 \u5b57\u8282\u7f51\u7edc IP \u8f6c\u6210\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<br \/>\n            std::string clientIp &#061; inet_ntoa(perr.sin_addr);<br \/>\n            \/\/ ntohs: \u5c06\u5927\u7aef\u7f51\u7edc\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u56de\u5c0f\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n            uint16_t clientPort &#061; ntohs(perr.sin_port);<br \/>\n            LOG(LogLevel::INFO) &lt;&lt; &#034;get a message: &#034; &lt;&lt; inbuffer<br \/>\n                                       &lt;&lt; &#034;, client addr: &#034; &lt;&lt; clientIp &lt;&lt; &#034;:&#034; &lt;&lt; clientPort;<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u3010\u67b6\u6784\u5347\u7ea7\u7684\u7cbe\u9ad3\u6240\u5728\u3011&#xff1a;\u4ee5\u524d\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u5199\u6b7b\u7684 &#034;server say: &#034; \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u62fc\u63a5<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u73b0\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u7528\u77e5\u9053\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u547c\u53eb\u4e0a\u5c42\u4f20\u8fdb\u6765\u7684 _cb \u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\n            std::string result;<br \/>\n            if(_cb) \/\/ \u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u67e5&#xff1a;\u786e\u4fdd\u5916\u90e8\u771f\u7684\u4f20\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u6765<br \/>\n            {<br \/>\n                \/\/ \u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42 (inbuffer) \u6254\u7ed9\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42&#xff0c;\u83b7\u53d6\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c (result)<br \/>\n                result &#061; _cb(inbuffer);<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            \/\/ 2. \u53d1\u9001\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u8fd9\u4e2alen\u662f\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u628a\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 result&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7 perr \u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u539f\u8def\u53d1\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<br \/>\n            ssize_t m &#061; sendto(_socketfd, result.c_str(), result.size(),  0, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;perr, len);<br \/>\n            (void)m; \/\/ \u538b\u5236\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8b66\u544a<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u91ca\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90<br \/>\n    ~UdpServer()<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n      if (_socketfd &gt;&#061; 0)<br \/>\n      {<br \/>\n        close(_socketfd); \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n        LOG(LogLevel::INFO) &lt;&lt; &#034;socket closed, sockfd: &#034; &lt;&lt; _socketfd;<br \/>\n      }<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\nprivate:<br \/>\n    int _socketfd;       \/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u5668 socket \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<br \/>\n    \/\/ std::string _ip;  \/\/ \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 (\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 INADDR_ANY)<br \/>\n    uint16_t _port;      \/\/ \u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u4fdd\u5b58\u5916\u90e8\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u6865\u6881<br \/>\n    callback_t _cb;<br \/>\n};<br \/>\n#endif<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"4.5%20%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E4%B8%BB%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%20DictServer.cpp\">4.5 \u5b57\u5178\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570 DictServer.cpp<\/h4>\n<p>\u6574\u5408\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u548c\u901a\u7528 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7 lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5c06\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e1a\u52a1\u6ce8\u5165\u670d\u52a1\u7aef&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u7801\u6781\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u4f18\u96c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u5934\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u5185\u5b58<br \/>\n#include &lt;memory&gt;<br \/>\n#include &#034;Dictionary.hpp&#034;<br \/>\n#include &#034;UdpServer.hpp&#034;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f<br \/>\nvoid Usage(const std::string &amp;name)<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u63d0\u793a&#xff1a;\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6253\u5370\u6587\u6848\u4f9d\u7136\u5199\u7740 &#034;ip port&#034;&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6839\u636e\u4e0b\u65b9\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<br \/>\n    std::cerr &lt;&lt; &#034;Usage: &#034; &lt;&lt; name &lt;&lt; &#034; ip port&#034; &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ .\/UdpEchoServer 8080<br \/>\n\/\/ \u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed1\u5b9a\u56fa\u5b9aIP<br \/>\nint main(int argc, char *argv[])<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c&#xff1a;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u540d\u7b97\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7b97\u7b2c2\u4e2a&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5 argc \u5fc5\u987b\u7b49\u4e8e 2<br \/>\n    if(argc !&#061; 2)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        Usage(argv[0]);<br \/>\n        exit(0);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff1a;\u542f\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u7b56\u7565&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6837\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684 LOG \u4fe1\u606f\u624d\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a<br \/>\n    ENABLE_CONSOLE_LOG_STRATEGY();<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ std::string server_ip &#061; argv[1];<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 (argv[1]) \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a 16 \u4f4d\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u578b<br \/>\n    uint16_t server_port &#061; std::stoi(argv[1]);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7ebf\u5b57\u5178\u670d\u52a1<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u3010\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u3011&#xff1a;\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 std::unique_ptr \u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u7ba1\u7406&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u8d44\u6e90\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e<br \/>\n    std::unique_ptr&lt;Dictionary&gt; dict &#061; std::make_unique&lt;Dictionary&gt;();<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 2. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u3010\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u4e0e\u6865\u63a5\u3011&#xff1a;\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316 UdpServer\u3002<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6838\u5fc3\u4eae\u70b9&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f (\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570) \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u89e3\u8026\u3002<br \/>\n    \/\/ [&amp;dict]&#xff1a;\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u6355\u83b7\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\u6307\u9488\u3002<br \/>\n    \/\/ (const std::string &amp;word)-&gt;std::string&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u5f53\u5e95\u5c42\u7684 UdpServer \u6536\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4f1a\u62ff\u7740\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u6bb5 Lambda \u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u4ece\u800c\u89e6\u53d1 dict-&gt;TransTrate(word) \u8fdb\u884c\u7ffb\u8bd1&#xff0c;\u518d\u7531 UdpServer \u5c06\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<br \/>\n    std::unique_ptr&lt;UdpServer&gt; usvr &#061; std::make_unique&lt;UdpServer&gt;([&amp;dict](const std::string &amp;word)-&gt;std::string{<br \/>\n        return dict-&gt;TransTrate(word);<br \/>\n    }, server_port);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 3. \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u5e95\u5c42 socket \u521b\u5efa\u548c INADDR_ANY \u7684 bind \u7ed1\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c<br \/>\n    usvr-&gt;Init();<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af&#xff0c;\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u5730\u63a5\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42<br \/>\n    usvr-&gt;Start();<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"4.6%20%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%20DictClient.cpp\">4.6 \u5b57\u5178\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0 DictClient.cpp<\/h4>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u56de\u663e\u670d\u52a1\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86,\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e86<br \/>\n#include &lt;cstdlib&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;cstring&gt;         \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b memset \u7b49\u5185\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string&gt;<br \/>\n\/\/ &#8212; \u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u6838\u5fc3\u5934\u6587\u4ef6 &#8212;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;    \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b socket\u3001sendto\u3001recvfrom \u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<br \/>\n#include &lt;netinet\/in.h&gt;    \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b sockaddr_in \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49<br \/>\n#include &lt;arpa\/inet.h&gt;     \/\/ \u63d0\u4f9b\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u4e0eIP\u683c\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u51fd\u6570 (htons, inet_addr)<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u8f93\u5165\u4e0d\u5bf9\u65f6&#xff0c;\u63d0\u793a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u683c\u5f0f<br \/>\nvoid Usage(const std::string &amp;name)<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n    std::cerr &lt;&lt; &#034;Usage: &#034; &lt;&lt; name &lt;&lt; &#034; server_ip server_port&#034; &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ .\/UdpEchoClient 1900.0.0.1 8080 (\u6ce8&#xff1a;1900 \u662f\u65e0\u6548 IP \u6bb5&#xff0c;\u672c\u5730\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u5e38\u7528 127.0.0.1)<br \/>\nint main(int argc, char *argv[])<br \/>\n{<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9700\u89813\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570&#xff1a;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u672c\u8eab\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n    if(argc !&#061; 3)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        Usage(argv[0]);<br \/>\n        exit(1);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u5f97\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aefIP\u548cPort<br \/>\n    std::string server_ip &#061; argv[1];<br \/>\n    \/\/ std::stoi: \u5c06\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a 16\u4f4d\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570<br \/>\n    uint16_t server_port &#061; std::stoi(argv[2]);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa sockefd (\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u5361\/\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u51ed\u8bc1)<br \/>\n    \/\/ AF_INET: IPv4\u534f\u8bae\u65cf; SOCK_DGRAM: \u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u670d\u52a1(UDP)<br \/>\n    int sockfd &#061; socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);<br \/>\n    if(sockfd &lt; 0)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        std::cerr &lt;&lt; &#034;create client socketfd error&#034; &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n        exit(1);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 2. \u6784\u5efa\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668socket\u4fe1\u606f (\u63d0\u524d\u5199\u597d\u4fe1\u5c01\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u5730\u5740\u201d)<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u81ea\u5df1\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u7684IP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u4f46\u662f&#xff0c;client\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u663e\u793a\u7684bind port&#xff0c;\u4e00\u822c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u90fd\u662f\u7531OS\u81ea\u5df1\u9009\u62e9IP\u548cPort&#xff0c;<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u5c24\u5176\u662fPort&#xff0c;client\u7684port\u8981\u8ba9OS\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aefport&#xff0c;\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u552f\u4e00\u624d\u91cd\u8981<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u5668port&#xff0c;\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u5f88\u91cd\u8981&#xff0c;\u552f\u4e00\u662f\u57fa\u7840<br \/>\n    \/\/ client\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u663e\u793a\u7684bind port, \u4f46\u662f\u5fc5\u987bbind&#xff0c;\u7531OS\u81ea\u5df1\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;Port\u968f\u673a<br \/>\n    struct sockaddr_in server;<br \/>\n    socklen_t len &#061; sizeof(server);<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6211\u4eec\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7528\u4e86bzero,\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u7528\u7528memset (\u4e25\u8c28&#xff1a;\u6e05\u96f6\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u6b8b\u7559\u810f\u6570\u636e\u5e72\u6270\u5185\u6838)<br \/>\n    memset(&amp;server, 0, len);<br \/>\n    server.sin_family &#061; AF_INET;<br \/>\n    server.sin_port &#061; htons(server_port); \/\/ \u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u8f6c\u7f51\u7edc\u5927\u7aef\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f<br \/>\n    server.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; inet_addr(server_ip.c_str()); \/\/ \u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u7f51\u7edc4\u5b57\u8282\u6574\u6570IP<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 3. \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n    std::string inbuffer;<br \/>\n    while(true)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        std::cout &lt;&lt; &#034;Please Enter# &#034;;<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165 (\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;cin \u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u683c\u4f1a\u622a\u65ad&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u662f\u53d1\u5e26\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u53e5\u5b50&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u6539\u7528 getline)<br \/>\n        std::cin &gt;&gt; inbuffer;<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ 1. \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u3010\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec6\u8282\u3011&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u3010\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u3011\u8c03\u7528 sendto \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6&#xff0c;<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e95\u5c42\u4f1a\u5bdf\u89c9\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a sockfd \u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u5b83\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u9690\u5f0f bind&#xff01;<br \/>\n        ssize_t n &#061; sendto(sockfd, inbuffer.c_str(), inbuffer.size(), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;server, len);<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u538b\u5236\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9488\u5bf9\u53d8\u91cf n \u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8b66\u544a<br \/>\n        (void)n;<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ 2. \u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n        \/\/ temp \u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u7ed9\u4f60\u56de\u4fe1\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 (\u5373\u670d\u52a1\u5668) \u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>\n        struct sockaddr_in temp;<br \/>\n        socklen_t tempLen &#061; sizeof(temp);<br \/>\n        char buffer[1024];<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c (\u4f8b\u5982\u7ffb\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u6587)<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u6ce8\u610f sizeof(buffer) &#8211; 1 \u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u6700\u540e\u7684\u624b\u52a8 &#039;\\\\0&#039; \u9884\u7559\u51fa\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4<br \/>\n        ssize_t m &#061; recvfrom(sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer) &#8211; 1, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&amp;temp, &amp;tempLen);<br \/>\n        if(m &gt; 0)<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u5b89\u5168\u5904\u7406&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u5168\u662f\u7eaf\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\u4e0a C \u98ce\u683c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\u6807\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u6253\u5370\u65f6\u8d8a\u754c\u4e71\u7801<br \/>\n            buffer[m] &#061; 0;<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/ \u6253\u5370\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c<br \/>\n        std::cout &lt;&lt; buffer &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"4.7%20%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E4%B8%8E%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%9C%A8\">4.7 \u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5728<\/h4>\n<p>Makefile \u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u7f16\u8bd1\u76ee\u6807&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff0c;\u8f93\u5165\u82f1\u6587\u5355\u8bcd\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u8026&#xff0c;\u82e5\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u4ed6\u4e1a\u52a1&#xff08;\u5982\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\u3001\u5929\u6c14\u67e5\u8be2&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53ea\u9700\u66f4\u6362\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u6781\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>.PHONY: all clean<\/p>\n<p>CXX &#061; g&#043;&#043;<br \/>\nCXXFLAGS &#061; -std&#061;c&#043;&#043;17 -Wall<\/p>\n<p>all: DictServer DictClient<\/p>\n<p>DictServer: DictServer.cpp UdpServer.hpp logger.hpp Mutex.hpp<br \/>\n$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o DictServer DictServer.cpp<\/p>\n<p>DictClient: DictClient.cpp<br \/>\n$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o DictClient DictClient.cpp<\/p>\n<p>clean:<br \/>\nrm -f DictServer DictClient<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"430\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/20260724163450-6a63942a691e2.png\" width=\"2203\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"%E4%BA%94.%20%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%EF%BC%9A%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%20UDP%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%20%2F%20%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85\">\u4e94. \u8fdb\u9636&#xff1a;\u901a\u7528 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef \/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c01\u88c5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528\u6027&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9 UDP \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u5c01\u88c5&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">UdpSocket<\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\u3001<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">UdpServer<\/span><\/span>\u901a\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u3001<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">UdpClient<\/span><\/span>\u901a\u7528\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u9002\u914d\u6240\u6709 UDP \u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"5.1%20%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E5%A5%97%E6%8E%A5%E5%AD%97%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%20udp_socket.hpp\">5.1 \u57fa\u7840\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c01\u88c5 udp_socket.hpp<\/h4>\n<p>\/\/ udp_socket.hpp<br \/>\n#pragma once<br \/>\n#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;cassert&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;string&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;sys\/socket.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;netinet\/in.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;arpa\/inet.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>typedef struct sockaddr sockaddr;<br \/>\ntypedef struct sockaddr_in sockaddr_in;<\/p>\n<p>class UdpSocket {<br \/>\npublic:<br \/>\n    UdpSocket() : fd_(-1) {}<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n    bool Socket() {<br \/>\n        fd_ &#061; socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);<br \/>\n        if (fd_ &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n            perror(&#034;socket create failed&#034;);<br \/>\n            return false;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        return true;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<br \/>\n    bool Close() {<br \/>\n        if(fd_ &gt;&#061; 0) {<br \/>\n            close(fd_);<br \/>\n            fd_ &#061; -1;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        return true;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n    bool Bind(const std::string&amp; ip, uint16_t port) {<br \/>\n        sockaddr_in addr;<br \/>\n        addr.sin_family &#061; AF_INET;<br \/>\n        addr.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; ip.empty() ? INADDR_ANY : inet_addr(ip.c_str());<br \/>\n        addr.sin_port &#061; htons(port);<br \/>\n        int ret &#061; bind(fd_, (sockaddr*)&amp;addr, sizeof(addr));<br \/>\n        if (ret &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n            perror(&#034;bind failed&#034;);<br \/>\n            return false;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        return true;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u53d1\u9001\u7aefIP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n    bool RecvFrom(std::string* buf, std::string* ip &#061; NULL, uint16_t* port &#061; NULL) {<br \/>\n        char tmp[1024 * 10] &#061; {0};<br \/>\n        sockaddr_in peer;<br \/>\n        socklen_t len &#061; sizeof(peer);<br \/>\n        ssize_t read_size &#061; recvfrom(fd_, tmp, sizeof(tmp) &#8211; 1, 0, (sockaddr*)&amp;peer, &amp;len);<br \/>\n        if (read_size &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n            perror(&#034;recvfrom failed&#034;);<br \/>\n            return false;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u8d4b\u503c\u8f93\u51fa\u53c2\u6570<br \/>\n        buf-&gt;assign(tmp, read_size);<br \/>\n        if (ip !&#061; NULL) {<br \/>\n            *ip &#061; inet_ntoa(peer.sin_addr);<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        if (port !&#061; NULL) {<br \/>\n            *port &#061; ntohs(peer.sin_port);<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        return true;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5230\u6307\u5b9aIP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n    bool SendTo(const std::string&amp; buf, const std::string&amp; ip, uint16_t port) {<br \/>\n        sockaddr_in addr;<br \/>\n        addr.sin_family &#061; AF_INET;<br \/>\n        addr.sin_addr.s_addr &#061; inet_addr(ip.c_str());<br \/>\n        addr.sin_port &#061; htons(port);<br \/>\n        ssize_t write_size &#061; sendto(fd_, buf.data(), buf.size(), 0,<br \/>\n                                    (sockaddr*)&amp;addr, sizeof(addr));<br \/>\n        if (write_size &lt; 0) {<br \/>\n            perror(&#034;sendto failed&#034;);<br \/>\n            return false;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        return true;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>private:<br \/>\n    int fd_;<br \/>\n};<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"5.2%20%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%20udp_server.hpp\">5.2 \u901a\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5c01\u88c5 udp_server.hpp<\/h4>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">UdpSocket<\/span><\/span>\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7aef&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165\u4efb\u610f\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91&#xff0c;\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ udp_server.hpp<br \/>\n#pragma once<br \/>\n#include &#034;udp_socket.hpp&#034;<br \/>\n#include &lt;functional&gt;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<br \/>\ntypedef std::function&lt;void (const std::string&amp;, std::string* resp)&gt; Handler;<\/p>\n<p>class UdpServer {<br \/>\npublic:<br \/>\n    UdpServer() {<br \/>\n        assert(sock_.Socket());<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    ~UdpServer() {<br \/>\n        sock_.Close();<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1<br \/>\n    bool Start(const std::string&amp; ip, uint16_t port, Handler handler) {<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n        if (!sock_.Bind(ip, port)) {<br \/>\n            return false;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        printf(&#034;UdpServer start success, listen on %s:%d\\\\n&#034;, ip.c_str(), port);<br \/>\n        \/\/ \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af<br \/>\n        for (;;) {<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42<br \/>\n            std::string req;<br \/>\n            std::string remote_ip;<br \/>\n            uint16_t remote_port &#061; 0;<br \/>\n            if (!sock_.RecvFrom(&amp;req, &amp;remote_ip, &amp;remote_port)) {<br \/>\n                continue;<br \/>\n            }<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406<br \/>\n            std::string resp;<br \/>\n            handler(req, &amp;resp);<br \/>\n            \/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94<br \/>\n            sock_.SendTo(resp, remote_ip, remote_port);<br \/>\n            printf(&#034;[%s:%d] req: %s, resp: %s\\\\n&#034;, remote_ip.c_str(), remote_port,<br \/>\n                   req.c_str(), resp.c_str());<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        sock_.Close();<br \/>\n        return true;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>private:<br \/>\n    UdpSocket sock_;<br \/>\n};<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"5.3%20%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%20udp_client.hpp\">5.3 \u901a\u7528\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c01\u88c5 udp_client.hpp<\/h4>\n<p>\/\/ udp_client.hpp<br \/>\n#pragma once<br \/>\n#include &#034;udp_socket.hpp&#034;<\/p>\n<p>class UdpClient {<br \/>\npublic:<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u7aefIP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3<br \/>\n    UdpClient(const std::string&amp; ip, uint16_t port) : ip_(ip), port_(port) {<br \/>\n        assert(sock_.Socket());<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    ~UdpClient() {<br \/>\n        sock_.Close();<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u54cd\u5e94<br \/>\n    bool RecvFrom(std::string* buf) {<br \/>\n        return sock_.RecvFrom(buf);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42<br \/>\n    bool SendTo(const std::string&amp; buf) {<br \/>\n        return sock_.SendTo(buf, ip_, port_);<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>private:<br \/>\n    UdpSocket sock_;<br \/>\n    std::string ip_;<br \/>\n    uint16_t port_;<br \/>\n};<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"5.4%20%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8E%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85%E7%9A%84%E6%9E%81%E7%AE%80%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0\">5.4 \u57fa\u4e8e\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u6781\u7b80\u5b57\u5178\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5c01\u88c5&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b57\u5178\u670d\u52a1\u4ec5\u9700\u4e0d\u5230 30 \u884c\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u6781\u81f4\u7b80\u6d01&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ dict_server_simple.cpp<br \/>\n#include &#034;udp_server.hpp&#034;<br \/>\n#include &lt;unordered_map&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;<\/p>\n<p>std::unordered_map&lt;std::string, std::string&gt; g_dict;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\nvoid Translate(const std::string&amp; req, std::string* resp) {<br \/>\n    auto it &#061; g_dict.find(req);<br \/>\n    if (it &#061;&#061; g_dict.end()) {<br \/>\n        *resp &#061; &#034;Unknown word!&#034;;<br \/>\n        return;<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    *resp &#061; it-&gt;second;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {<br \/>\n    if (argc !&#061; 3) {<br \/>\n        printf(&#034;Usage: .\/dict_server [ip] [port]\\\\n&#034;);<br \/>\n        return 1;<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8bcd\u5178<br \/>\n    g_dict.insert({&#034;apple&#034;, &#034;\u82f9\u679c&#034;});<br \/>\n    g_dict.insert({&#034;banana&#034;, &#034;\u9999\u8549&#034;});<br \/>\n    g_dict.insert({&#034;hello&#034;, &#034;\u4f60\u597d&#034;});<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1<br \/>\n    UdpServer server;<br \/>\n    server.Start(argv[1], atoi(argv[2]), Translate);<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"%E5%85%AD.%20UDP%20%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E8%80%83%E7%82%B9%E4%B8%8E%E8%B8%A9%E5%9D%91%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97\">\u516d. UDP \u7f16\u7a0b\u6838\u5fc3\u8003\u70b9\u4e0e\u8e29\u5751\u6307\u5357<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%EF%BC%9A%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B8%8E%20Socket%20API%20%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E9%9D%A2%E8%AF%95%E7%9C%9F%E9%A2%98\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e Socket API \u6838\u5fc3\u9762\u8bd5\u771f\u9898<\/h4>\n<h5 id=\"Q1%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%A8%20UDP%20%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%20sendto()%20%E6%88%90%E5%8A%9F%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%E4%BA%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%8E%200%20%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B4%E6%95%B0%EF%BC%8C%E6%98%AF%E5%90%A6%E6%84%8F%E5%91%B3%E7%9D%80%E5%AF%B9%E7%AB%AF%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E4%B8%80%E5%AE%9A%E6%94%B6%E5%88%B0%E4%BA%86%E8%AF%A5%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%9F\">Q1&#xff1a;\u5728 UDP \u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8c03\u7528 sendto() \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e 0 \u7684\u6574\u6570&#xff0c;\u662f\u5426\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u7aef\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e00\u5b9a\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u62a5&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>A&#xff1a;\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u662f\u3002 UDP \u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u3002<span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">sendto<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de&#xff0c;\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u4ec5\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5df2\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u4e86\u672c\u673a\u7684\u5185\u6838 UDP \u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#xff08;\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#xff09;\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4ea4\u7531\u7f51\u5361\u6392\u961f\u5411\u5916\u53d1\u9001\u3002 \u81f3\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5728\u7f51\u7ebf\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u4e22\u5305\u3001\u662f\u5426\u7531\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u585e\u88ab\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e22\u5f03\u3001\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7206\u6ee1\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u629b\u5f03&#xff0c;\u672c\u673a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6982\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u53cd\u9988\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 id=\"Q2%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%A8%20TCP%20%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E8%AF%BB%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%200%20%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E8%BF%9E%E6%8E%A5%E6%96%AD%E5%BC%80%EF%BC%88EOF%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%9B%E9%82%A3%E4%B9%88%E5%9C%A8%20UDP%20%E7%9A%84%20recvfrom()%20%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%200%20%E5%90%8C%E6%A0%B7%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%AF%B9%E7%AB%AF%E5%85%B3%E9%97%AD%E4%BA%86%E8%BF%9E%E6%8E%A5%E5%90%97%EF%BC%9F\">Q2&#xff1a;\u5728 TCP \u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8bfb\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de 0 \u4ee3\u8868\u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00&#xff08;EOF&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u90a3\u4e48\u5728 UDP \u7684 recvfrom() \u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de 0 \u540c\u6837\u4ee3\u8868\u5bf9\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u5417&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>A&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u662f\u3002 UDP \u5c5e\u4e8e\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5728 UDP \u7684 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">recvfrom<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd4\u56de <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">&gt; 0<\/span><\/span> \u4ee3\u8868\u6536\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8fd4\u56de 0 \u4ec5\u4ec5\u4ee3\u8868\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u7a7a\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u201d&#xff08;\u5373\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u53ea\u6709 8\u00a0\u5b57\u8282\u7684 UDP \u9996\u90e8&#xff0c;Payload \u90e8\u5206\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 0&#xff09;\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u4efb\u4f55\u7f51\u7edc\u5f02\u5e38\u6216\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec8\u6b62&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u5f53\u7ee7\u7eed\u6b63\u5e38\u6302\u8d77\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u76d1\u542c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 id=\"Q3%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%BF%85%E9%A1%BB%E6%98%BE%E5%BC%8F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%20bind()%20%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E5%9B%BA%E5%AE%9A%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%A3%EF%BC%8C%E8%80%8C%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E7%BB%9D%E4%B8%8D%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%AE%E6%98%BE%E5%BC%8F%20bind()%EF%BC%9F\">Q3&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528 bind() \u7ed1\u5b9a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u800c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7edd\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u663e\u5f0f bind()&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>A&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef&#xff08;\u88ab\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u8005&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5176 IP \u5730\u5740\u548c Port&#xff08;\u7aef\u53e3&#xff09;\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u516c\u5f00\u7684&#xff08;\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5&#xff09;\u3002\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e0d\u663e\u5f0f <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u90fd\u7531 OS \u968f\u673a\u6307\u6d3e&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c06\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u77e5\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff08;\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u8005&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5199\u6b7b\u5e76\u663e\u5f0f <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u4e00\u65e6\u7528\u6237\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u201c\u53cc\u5f00\u201d\u8be5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u5df2\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u540e\u53f0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5360\u7528&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">bind<\/span><\/span> \u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u89e6\u53d1 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">Address already in use<\/span><\/span>&#xff08;\u7aef\u53e3\u51b2\u7a81&#xff09; \u62a5\u9519\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u95ea\u9000\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u5f53\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u9996\u6b21\u53d1\u5305\u65f6\u9690\u5f0f\u52a8\u6001\u6307\u6d3e\u4e34\u65f6\u7aef\u53e3&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u5728 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">1024 \\\\ 65535<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u4e4b\u95f4&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 id=\"Q4%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80%E5%B1%9E%E6%80%A7%E6%97%B6%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%A3%E5%BF%85%E9%A1%BB%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%20htons()%20%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%8F%EF%BC%8C%E8%80%8C%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A%E7%9A%84%20INADDR_ANY%20%E5%8D%B4%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E8%B5%8B%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%8D%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%20htonl()%EF%BC%9F\">Q4&#xff1a;\u5728\u7ed1\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7aef\u53e3\u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u7528 htons() \u8f6c\u6362\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u800c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684 INADDR_ANY \u5374\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528 htonl()&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>A&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7aef\u53e3&#xff1a;\u901a\u5e38\u662f 16\u00a0\u4f4d\u77ed\u6574\u578b\u3002\u4e0d\u540c CPU \u67b6\u6784&#xff08;\u5982\u5c0f\u7aef\u7684 x86 \u548c\u5927\u7aef\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808&#xff09;\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u9ad8\u4f4e\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u987a\u5e8f\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">htons<\/span><\/span>&#xff08;Host to Network Short&#xff09;\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5927\u7aef\u7f51\u7edc\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">INADDR_ANY<\/span><\/span>&#xff1a;\u5176\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u6570\u503c\u4e3a 0&#xff08;\u5373 0x00000000&#xff09;\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a 0$ \u5728\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u5168\u4e3a 0&#xff0c;\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u5927\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff08;$0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00&#xff09;\u8fd8\u662f\u5c0f\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff08;0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00&#xff09;\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6392\u5e03\u90fd\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u5bf9\u79f0\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u9700\u8c03\u7528 htonl() \u8f6c\u6362&#xff0c;\u5176\u7269\u7406\u503c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u540c\u7406&#xff0c;\u5168 1 \u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740 INADDR_NONE&#xff08;0xffffffff&#xff09;\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 id=\"Q5%EF%BC%9A%E4%BA%91%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%EF%BC%88%E5%A6%82%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91%E3%80%81%E8%85%BE%E8%AE%AF%E4%BA%91%E7%AD%89%EF%BC%89%E5%9C%A8%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2%20UDP%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E6%97%B6%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E7%BB%9D%E5%AF%B9%E4%B8%8D%E8%83%BD%20bind%20%E5%AE%83%E7%9A%84%E5%85%AC%E7%BD%91%20IP%EF%BC%9F\">Q5&#xff1a;\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff08;\u5982\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u3001\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\u7b49&#xff09;\u5728\u90e8\u7f72 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u80fd bind \u5b83\u7684\u516c\u7f51 IP&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>A&#xff1a; \u56e0\u4e3a\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f VPC&#xff08;\u865a\u62df\u79c1\u6709\u4e91&#xff09;\u5b89\u5168\u7ec4\u4e0e 1:1 NAT&#xff08;\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362&#xff09; \u865a\u62df\u5316\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u516c\u7f51 IP \u5e76\u4e0d\u771f\u6b63\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4f60\u672c\u673a\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6258\u7ba1\u5728\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u51fa\u53e3\u7684 NAT \u7f51\u5173\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u76f4\u63a5 bind \u516c\u7f51 IP&#xff0c;\u672c\u5730\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u8be5 IP&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u62a5\u9519 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">Cannot assign requested addres<\/span><\/span>s&#xff08;\u65e0\u6cd5\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5730\u5740&#xff09; \u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u7ed1\u5b9a INADDR_ANY&#xff08;0.0.0.0&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%EF%BC%9AC%2B%2B%20%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%20STL%20%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E8%B8%A9%E5%9D%91%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206&#xff1a;C&#043;&#043; \u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e0e STL \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u8e29\u5751\u6307\u5357<\/h4>\n<h5 id=\"Q6%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%A8%E5%86%99%20recvfrom()%20%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E6%8E%A5%E6%94%B6%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%97%B6%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8B%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E7%89%87%E6%AE%B5%E5%AD%98%E5%9C%A8%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E4%B8%A5%E9%87%8D%E7%9A%84%E9%9A%90%E8%97%8F%20Bug%EF%BC%9F\">Q6&#xff1a;\u5728\u5199 recvfrom() \u5faa\u73af\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u5b58\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u9690\u85cf Bug&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<p>socklen_t len &#061; sizeof(peer);<br \/>\nwhile(true) {<br \/>\n    recvfrom(sockfd, buf, 1024, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&amp;peer, &amp;len);<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>A&#xff1a; \u6838\u5fc3 Bug \u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;len \u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u5916\u90e8\u521d\u59cb\u5316&#xff0c;\u4e14\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">recvfrom<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">len<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u8f93\u5165&#xff1a;\u544a\u77e5\u5185\u6838\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4e0a\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;\u5185\u6838\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u8986\u5199\u4e3a\u201c\u5b9e\u9645\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5bf9\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u5927\u5c0f\u201d\u3002 \u5982\u679c <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">len<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u653e\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u5916&#xff0c;\u4e00\u65e6\u67d0\u6b21\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5bf9\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u5927\u5c0f\u53d8\u5c0f&#xff08;\u88ab\u6539\u5199&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u4f20\u5165\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u5c31\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e0a\u9650\u7f29\u6c34\u4e86&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u540e\u7eed\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u88ab\u5f3a\u5236\u622a\u65ad\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u4e71\u7801\u751a\u81f3\u76f4\u63a5\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6b63\u786e\u5199\u6cd5&#xff1a;\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">while<\/span><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\"> <\/span><\/span>\u5faa\u73af\u5185\u90e8\u9996\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884c <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">socklen_t len &#061; sizeof(peer);<\/span><\/span> \u8d4b\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 id=\"Q7%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%9A%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91%EF%BC%88%E5%A6%82%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E6%B1%A0%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%EF%BC%89%E7%9A%84%20UDP%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E7%BB%9D%E5%AF%B9%E7%A6%81%E6%AD%A2%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20inet_ntoa%20%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%EF%BC%9F\">Q7&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1&#xff08;\u5982\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u67b6\u6784&#xff09;\u7684 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7edd\u5bf9\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528 inet_ntoa \u51fd\u6570&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>A&#xff1a; \u56e0\u4e3a inet_ntoa \u662f\u975e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">inet_ntoa<\/span><\/span> \u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u673a\u5236\u662f\u5c06 4\u00a0\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6574\u6570 IP \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u540e&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u9759\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u533a&#xff08;Static Buffer&#xff09;\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u9759\u6001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u8c03\u7528\u65f6&#xff0c;\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f1a\u5171\u4eab\u5e76\u8986\u76d6\u8fd9\u5757\u9759\u6001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u5148\u6267\u884c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7684 IP \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7be1\u6539\u8986\u76d6&#xff0c;\u9020\u6210\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef IP \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e25\u91cd\u9519\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357&#xff1a;\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u5165\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5efa\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u7684 <span style=\"color:#be191c\"><span style=\"background-color:#fef2f0\">inet_ntop<\/span><\/span> \u66ff\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 id=\"Q8%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%A8%20UDP%20%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AB%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E5%A6%82%E6%9E%9C%20recvfrom%20%E6%8C%87%E5%AE%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%B0%E6%8E%A5%E6%94%B6%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E5%8C%BA%20buf%20%E5%8F%AA%E6%9C%89%20500%C2%A0%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%EF%BC%8C%E4%BD%86%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%91%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%201000%C2%A0%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%8C%E4%BC%9A%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%EF%BC%9F\">Q8&#xff1a;\u5728 UDP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c recvfrom \u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u672c\u5730\u63a5\u6536\u7f13\u51b2\u533a buf \u53ea\u6709 500\u00a0\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a 1000\u00a0\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>A&#xff1a; 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