\n| 4<\/td>\n | ABABC<\/td>\n | \u65e0<\/td>\n | 0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u5339\u914d\u89c4\u5219：<\/p>\n \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5904\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u65f6，\u770b\u5b83\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 next \u6570\u7ec4\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u662f\u51e0，\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32\u7684\u6307\u9488\u5c31\u8df3\u5230\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e（\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a\u51e0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e），\u800c\u4e3b\u4e32\u6307\u9488\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u52a8！<\/p>\n \u56fe\u89e3\u5730\u72f1\u7ea7\u96be\u70b9：next\u6570\u7ec4\u7684 while \u56de\u9000\u903b\u8f91<\/h4>\nKMP\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d，\u6700\u8ba9\u65b0\u624b\u6293\u72c2\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6784\u5efa next \u6570\u7ec4\u65f6\u7684\u8fd9\u4e09\u884c\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n while (j > 0 && pattern[i] != pattern[j]) {
\n j = next[j – 1];
\n}<\/p>\n \u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f j = next[j-1]？\u600e\u4e48\u4e0d\u662f j-1？\u8fd9\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5728\u5e72\u561b？\u201d \u522b\u6025，\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u89e3\u628a\u5b83\u6252\u5f97\u5e72\u5e72\u51c0\u51c0！<\/p>\n \u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32\u662f pattern = "ABACA"，\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b83\u7684 next \u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n \u524d\u60c5\u63d0\u8981：<\/p>\n \n- \n
i \u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u540e\u7f00\u672b\u5c3e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n - \n
j \u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5339\u914d\u4e0a\u7684\u6700\u957f\u516c\u5171\u524d\u7f00\u7684\u957f\u5ea6（\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6307\u5411\u524d\u7f00\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n\u573a\u666f\u8fd8\u539f：\u5f53 i = 3 \u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48？<\/h5>\n\u524d\u9762\u51e0\u6b65\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u7b97\u51fa\u4e86 next \u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d\u4e09\u4e2a\u503c：next[0]=0, next[1]=0, next[2]=1\u3002 \u6b64\u65f6，\u6307\u9488 i \u8d70\u5230\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15 3，\u6307\u9488 j \u5728\u7d22\u5f15 1\u3002<\/p>\n \u7d22\u5f15: 0 1 2 3 4
\n\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32: A B A C A
\n ^ ^
\n j=1 i=3<\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65：\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32 pattern[i] \u548c \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32pattern[j] \u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0 pattern[3] \u662f 'C'，\u800c pattern[1] \u662f 'B'\u3002 'C' != 'B'，\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25！<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u4ec0\u4e48？\u8bf4\u660e\u5305\u542b 'C' \u7684\u5b50\u4e32 "ABAC"，\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u957f\u516c\u5171\u524d\u540e\u7f00\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7ee7\u7eed\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65：\u89e6\u53d1 while \u5faa\u73af，\u6267\u884c j = next[j – 1] \u65e2\u7136\u6ca1\u6cd5\u589e\u52a0，\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u628a j \u76f4\u63a5\u6e05\u96f6，\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u7b97？ \u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981！\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662fKMP\u6700\u806a\u660e\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n \u6211\u4eec\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6cd5\u5339\u914d\u8fd9\u4e48\u957f\u7684，\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u9000\u800c\u6c42\u5176\u6b21\u201d，\u627e\u627e\u770b\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u77ed\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u516c\u5171\u524d\u540e\u7f00\u3002<\/p>\n \u600e\u4e48\u627e？\u53bb\u627e\u51fa\u9519\u4f4d\u7f6e j \u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684 next \u503c\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f next[j – 1]\u3002 \u6b64\u65f6 j = 1，\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u770b next[0]\u3002 \u67e5\u8868\u5f97\u77e5 next[0] = 0\u3002<\/p>\n \u6240\u4ee5，j \u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a 0\u3002<\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65：\u56de\u9000\u540e\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u6bd4\u8f83 \u6307\u9488 j \u56de\u9000\u5230\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15 0 \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u800c i \u4f9d\u7136\u5728\u7d22\u5f15 3 \u6b7b\u6b7b\u76ef\u4f4f 'C'\u3002<\/p>\n \u7d22\u5f15: 0 1 2 3 4
\n\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32: A B A C A
\n ^ ^
\n j=0 i=3<\/p>\n \u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u5bf9\u6bd4 pattern[3] \u548c pattern[0]： 'C' \u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e 'A'！ \u6b64\u65f6 j \u5df2\u7ecf\u662f 0 \u4e86，\u9000\u65e0\u53ef\u9000（while \u5faa\u73af\u6761\u4ef6 j > 0 \u88ab\u6253\u7834）\u3002<\/p>\n \u7ed3\u5c40： \u65e2\u7136\u9000\u65e0\u53ef\u9000，\u8bf4\u660e\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u516c\u5171\u524d\u540e\u7f00\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b next[3] = 0\u3002\u7136\u540e i \u7ee7\u7eed\u5b89\u5fc3\u5f80\u4e0b\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u6838\u5fc3\u603b\u7ed3：\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f j = next[j-1]？<\/h5>\n\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u5927\u767d\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4：<\/p>\n j = next[j-1] \u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f：\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u4e86，\u6211\u5c31\u53bb\u201c\u524d\u7f00\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u201d\u91cc\u9762\u627e\u627e，\u770b\u770b\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u77ed\u7684\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u4e0a！<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5957\u5a03，\u6700\u5916\u5c42\u88c5\u4e0d\u8fdb\u53bb\u4e86，\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6253\u5f00\u770b\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c42\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u88c5\u8fdb\u53bb，\u76f4\u5230\u9000\u5230\u6700\u6838\u5fc3（j=0）\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u56db\u3001 \u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0 (C++\u7248)<\/h4>\n\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u539f\u7406，\u4ee3\u7801\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u987a\u7406\u6210\u7ae0\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ed9\u51fa\u5e26\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u6ce8\u91ca\u518d\u8fc7\u4e00\u904d\u903b\u8f91：<\/p>\n C++<\/p>\n #include <iostream>
\n#include <vector>
\n#include <string><\/p>\n using namespace std;<\/p>\n \/\/ \u6b65\u9aa4 1：\u6784\u5efa next \u6570\u7ec4 (\u524d\u7f00\u8868)
\nvector<int> getNext(string pattern) {
\n int m = pattern.length();
\n vector<int> next(m, 0); \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316 next \u6570\u7ec4\u5168\u4e3a 0<\/p>\n int j = 0; \/\/ j \u8868\u793a\u6700\u957f\u516c\u5171\u524d\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u957f\u5ea6，\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u8981\u5339\u914d\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u7684\u672b\u5c3e
\n for (int i = 1; i < m; i++) { \/\/ i \u4ece 1 \u5f00\u59cb，\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5b50\u4e32\u7684\u672b\u5c3e
\n \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u524d\u540e\u7f00\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c，j \u9700\u8981\u56de\u9000，\u56de\u9000\u5230 next[j-1] \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e
\n while (j > 0 && pattern[i] != pattern[j]) {
\n j = next[j – 1];
\n }
\n \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u524d\u540e\u7f00\u76f8\u540c，j \u5f80\u524d\u8d70\u4e00\u6b65
\n if (pattern[i] == pattern[j]) {
\n j++;
\n }
\n \/\/ \u8bb0\u5f55\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684 next \u503c
\n next[i] = j;
\n }
\n return next;
\n}<\/p>\n \/\/ \u6b65\u9aa4 2：KMP \u5339\u914d\u8fc7\u7a0b
\nint kmpSearch(string text, string pattern) {
\n int n = text.length();
\n int m = pattern.length();
\n if (m == 0) return 0;<\/p>\n vector<int> next = getNext(pattern); \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6 next \u6570\u7ec4<\/p>\n int j = 0; \/\/ j \u8d1f\u8d23\u626b\u63cf pattern
\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { \/\/ i \u8d1f\u8d23\u626b\u63cf text，\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u56de\u9000！
\n \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25，j \u6839\u636e next \u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u9000
\n while (j > 0 && text[i] != pattern[j]) {
\n j = next[j – 1];
\n }
\n \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u5b57\u7b26\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f，j \u5f80\u4e0b\u8d70
\n if (text[i] == pattern[j]) {
\n j++;
\n }
\n \/\/ \u5982\u679c j \u8d70\u5230\u4e86 pattern \u7684\u672b\u5c3e，\u8bf4\u660e\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32
\n if (j == m) {
\n return i – m + 1; \/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15
\n }
\n }
\n return -1; \/\/ \u6ca1\u627e\u5230\u8fd4\u56de -1
\n}<\/p>\n int main() {
\n string text = "ABABCABAA";
\n string pattern = "ABACA";
\n int index = kmpSearch(text, pattern);<\/p>\n if (index != -1) {
\n cout << "\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f！\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a: " << index << endl;
\n } else {
\n cout << "\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25！" << endl;
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n
\n\u4e94\u3001 \u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\nKMP\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u96be\u70b9\u5176\u5b9e\u5168\u5728 next \u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u63a8\u5bfc\u548c\u56de\u9000\u903b\u8f91 \u4e0a\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u5f04\u61c2\u4e86\u201c\u6700\u957f\u516c\u5171\u524d\u540e\u7f00\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5，\u77e5\u9053\u4e3b\u4e32\u6307\u9488 i \u4e0d\u56de\u5934\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32\u6307\u9488 j \u6839\u636e next \u6570\u7ec4\u627e\u6377\u5f84，KMP \u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u96be\u5543\u7684\u9aa8\u5934\u4e86！<\/p>\n \u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u624b\u5c0f\u767d，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u5b66\u4e60KMP\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u5fc3\u5f97\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9，\u6b22\u8fce\u70b9\u8d5e\u3001\u6536\u85cf\u3001\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u4ea4\u6d41！<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u524d\u8a00\u672c\u6587\u4ec5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c0f\u767d\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u65f6\u7684\u590d\u4e60\u3002\u4e00\u3001 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981KMP？\u5728\u8bb2\u89e3KMP\u4e4b\u524d，\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u770b\u770b\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5339\u914d\u7684（\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u6cd5 Brute Force）\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8981\u5728\u4e3b\u4e32 text \\”ABABCABAA\\” \u4e2d\u627e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32 pattern \\”ABACA\\”\u3002\u66b4\u529b\u6cd5\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u662f：\u4e3b\u4e32\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5bf9\u6bd4，\u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25，\u4e3b\u4e32\u5c31\u9000\u56de\u5230\u521a\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e32\u9000\u56de<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[9059,190],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-80592","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-kmp","tag-190"],"yoast_head":"\n \u3010\u65b0\u624b\u5411\u3011\u7406\u89e3KMP\u7b97\u6cd5 - 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