- \n
- MAC：\u7ba1 \u201c\u6570\u636e\u600e\u4e48\u6253\u5305\u3001\u53d1\u7ed9\u8c01\u201d（\u6570\u5b57\u903b\u8f91，\u7eaf\u6570\u5b57\u7535\u8def）<\/li>\n
- PHY：\u7ba1 \u201c\u600e\u4e48\u628a\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u6210\u7f51\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u201d（\u6a21\u62df + \u6570\u5b57，\u5fc5\u987b\u5916\u63a5\u82af\u7247）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5173\u7cfb：<\/p>\n
MCU \/ CPU \u2192 MAC \u2192 MII\/RMII\/RGMII \u2192 PHY \u2192 \u7f51\u53e3\u53d8\u538b\u5668 \u2192 \u7f51\u7ebf<\/p>\n
2. \u4f60\u6700\u5173\u5fc3\u7684：<\/h2>\n
MAC \u5728\u54ea\u91cc？<\/h3>\n
MAC \u4e00\u822c\u662f\u96c6\u6210\u5728 MCU \/ \u5904\u7406\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u7684，\u4e0d\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u82af\u7247！<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
STM32F4\/F7\/H7\u3001IMX6UL\u3001IMX8\u3001ESP32\u3001GD32\u3001AT32 \u7b49\u2192 \u5185\u90e8\u81ea\u5e26 MAC\u2192 \u5fc5\u987b\u5916\u63a5 PHY（\u6bd4\u5982 RTL8211E）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u53ea\u6709\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u8001\u82af\u7247 \/ \u4e13\u7528\u82af\u7247\u4f1a\u628a MAC+PHY \u505a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u6bd4\u5982：ENC28J60\u3001W5500（\u8fd9\u79cd\u53eb\u786c\u4ef6 TCP\/IP \u82af\u7247）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. \u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e09\u79cd\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n
\u2460 \u6700\u5e38\u89c1：MCU \u5185\u7f6e MAC + \u5916\u7f6e PHY<\/h4>\n
- \n
- MAC：MCU \u5185\u90e8<\/li>\n
- PHY：RTL8211E \/ KSZ9031 \/ YT8522 \u7b49\u2192 \u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd！<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u2461 \u8001\u65b9\u6848：\u5916\u7f6e MAC + \u5916\u7f6e PHY<\/h4>\n
- \n
- MAC：\u72ec\u7acb\u82af\u7247（\u5982 ENC28J60 \u91cc\u7684 MAC）<\/li>\n
- PHY：\u4e5f\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u2192 \u73b0\u5728\u5f88\u5c11\u7528<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u2462 \u5168\u96c6\u6210\u7f51\u5361\u82af\u7247（MAC+PHY \u4e00\u4f53）<\/h4>\n
- \n
- W5500\u3001CH395<\/li>\n
- \u5185\u90e8 = MAC + PHY + \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u2192 \u9002\u5408\u6ca1\u6709 MAC \u7684\u4f4e\u7aef MCU<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. \u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u7b54\u4f60\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n
\u95ee：MAC \u4e5f\u662f\u50cf PHY \u90a3\u6837\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u82af\u7247\u5417？\u7b54：\u73b0\u4ee3\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n
- \n
- MAC \u5927\u591a\u5728 MCU\/CPU \u5185\u90e8<\/li>\n
- PHY \u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u82af\u7247（Realtek\u3001Microchip\u3001\u88d5\u592a\u5fae\u8fd9\u4e9b）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. \u8d85\u7b80\u77ed\u603b\u7ed3（\u65b9\u4fbf\u8bb0）<\/h2>\n
- \n
- MAC = \u5185\u7f6e\u5728 MCU<\/li>\n
- PHY = \u5fc5\u987b\u5916\u63a5\u82af\u7247<\/li>\n
- \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51 = MAC + PHY \u624d\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u201c\u914d\u7f6e\u597d MAC \u548c PHY \u901a\u4fe1\u201d \u53ea\u662f\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65，\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u529f\u80fd\u5f00\u53d1\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8986\u76d6\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6536\u53d1\u7b49\u73af\u8282\u3002\u6211\u7528\u65b0\u624b\u80fd\u542c\u61c2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f，\u628a\u4ee3\u7801\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\u62c6\u89e3\u6e05\u695a：<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u5148\u660e\u786e\u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h4>\n
\u4f60\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6，\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5b8c\u6210 MAC \u4e0e PHY \u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u914d\u7f6e（\u8fd9\u662f\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u524d\u63d0），\u4f46\u4ec5\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f，\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e MAC \u672c\u8eab\u3001\u6302\u8f7d\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u6536\u53d1\u903b\u8f91，\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u7528\u4e0a\u7f51\u7ebf\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6b65\u9aa4（\u4ee5 STM32+RTL8211E \u4e3a\u4f8b）<\/h4>\n
1. \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65：\u6838\u5fc3\u524d\u63d0 \u2014\u2014 \u914d\u7f6e MAC \u4e0e PHY \u7684\u901a\u4fe1（\u4f60\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u91cd\u70b9）<\/h5>\n
\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9 MCU \u5185\u7f6e\u7684 MAC \u80fd \u201c\u6307\u6325\u201d \u5916\u7f6e\u7684 PHY \u82af\u7247（\u6bd4\u5982 RTL8211E），\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 MDIO\/MDC \u603b\u7ebf\u8bfb\u5199 PHY \u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u521d\u59cb\u5316 MDIO\/MDC \u5f15\u811a（MAC \u548c PHY \u7684 \u201c\u63a7\u5236\u603b\u7ebf\u201d）；<\/li>\n
- \u8bfb\u53d6 PHY \u7684 ID \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u9a8c\u8bc1 MAC \u80fd\u548c PHY \u901a\u4fe1（\u6bd4\u5982 RTL8211E \u7684 ID \u662f 0x001CC916）；<\/li>\n
- \u914d\u7f6e PHY \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f：\u6bd4\u5982\u5343\u5146\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u534f\u5546\u3001\u4f7f\u80fd\u81ea\u534f\u5546\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u7b49；<\/li>\n
- \u7b49\u5f85 PHY \u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001（Link Up），\u786e\u8ba4\u7f51\u7ebf\u63d2\u597d\u4e14\u534f\u5546\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5（STM32 HAL \u5e93）：<\/p>\n
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
\n#include "lan8742.h" \/\/ \u901a\u7528PHY\u9a71\u52a8，\u9002\u914dRTL8211E<\/p>\n\/\/ PHY\u5730\u5740（RTL8211E\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f0x01）
\n#define PHY_ADDR 0x01<\/p>\n\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316MAC\u4e0ePHY\u901a\u4fe1
\nHAL_StatusTypeDef eth_phy_init(void)
\n{
\n uint16_t phy_id = 0;<\/p>\n\/\/ 1. \u521d\u59cb\u5316MDIO\/MDC\u603b\u7ebf（MAC\u5e95\u5c42\u9a71\u52a8）
\n HAL_ETH_MDIO_Init(&heth);<\/p>\n\/\/ 2. \u8bfb\u53d6PHY ID，\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u4fe1\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38
\n phy_id = ETH_ReadPHYRegister(&heth, PHY_ADDR, PHY_REG_ID1);
\n phy_id = (phy_id << 16) | ETH_ReadPHYRegister(&heth, PHY_ADDR, PHY_REG_ID2);<\/p>\n\/\/ \u68c0\u67e5RTL8211E\u7684ID（\u9ad8\u4f4d0x001C，\u4f4e\u4f4d0xC916）
\n if ((phy_id & 0xFFFF0000) != 0x001C0000) {
\n return HAL_ERROR; \/\/ MAC\u548cPHY\u901a\u4fe1\u5931\u8d25
\n }<\/p>\n\/\/ 3. \u914d\u7f6ePHY：\u81ea\u52a8\u534f\u5546\u3001\u5343\u5146\u5168\u53cc\u5de5
\n ETH_WritePHYRegister(&heth, PHY_ADDR, PHY_REG_CTRL, PHY_CTRL_AUTONEG);<\/p>\n\/\/ 4. \u7b49\u5f85\u94fe\u8def\u5efa\u7acb（Link Up）
\n uint32_t timeout = 1000;
\n while (timeout–) {
\n if (ETH_ReadPHYRegister(&heth, PHY_ADDR, PHY_REG_STATUS) & PHY_STATUS_LINK) {
\n return HAL_OK; \/\/ \u94fe\u8def\u6b63\u5e38
\n }
\n HAL_Delay(1);
\n }
\n return HAL_TIMEOUT; \/\/ \u94fe\u8def\u8d85\u65f6
\n}<\/p>\n2. \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65：\u914d\u7f6e MCU \u5185\u7f6e\u7684 MAC<\/h5>\n
PHY \u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u540e，\u9700\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316 MAC \u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u9009\u62e9 MAC \u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b（\u6bd4\u5982 RGMII，RTL8211E \u5e38\u7528）；<\/li>\n
- \u914d\u7f6e MAC \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f（\u5168\u53cc\u5de5 \/ \u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u3001\u901f\u7387\u5339\u914d PHY \u534f\u5546\u7ed3\u679c）；<\/li>\n
- \u4f7f\u80fd MAC \u7684\u63a5\u6536 \/ \u53d1\u9001\u529f\u80fd；<\/li>\n
- \u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u65ad（\u6bd4\u5982\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u65ad\u3001\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u4e2d\u65ad）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65：\u6302\u8f7d\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808（\u5173\u952e！\u5426\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u4f20\u88f8\u6570\u636e）<\/h5>\n
\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u914d\u7f6e MAC \u548c PHY，\u53ea\u80fd\u6536\u53d1 \u201c\u88f8\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u201d，\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0 ping\u3001TCP\/UDP \u901a\u4fe1，\u5fc5\u987b\u6302\u8f7d\u534f\u8bae\u6808：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u534f\u8bae\u6808：LWIP（\u6700\u5e38\u7528，STM32 \u5b98\u65b9\u652f\u6301）\u3001uIP；<\/li>\n
- \u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4：\u521d\u59cb\u5316 LWIP\u2192\u8bbe\u7f6e IP \/ \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801 \/ \u7f51\u5173\u2192\u521d\u59cb\u5316 ARP\/TCP\/UDP\u2192\u5f00\u542f\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u793a\u4f8b：LWIP \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7247\u6bb5<\/p>\n
#include "lwip\/netif.h"
\n#include "lwip\/tcpip.h"
\n#include "netif\/ethernetif.h"<\/p>\nstruct netif gnetif; \/\/ \u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316LWIP\u534f\u8bae\u6808
\nvoid lwip_init(void)
\n{
\n ip4_addr_t ipaddr, netmask, gw;<\/p>\n\/\/ 1. \u8bbe\u7f6eIP\u5730\u5740（\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\u6539）
\n IP4_ADDR(&ipaddr, 192, 168, 1, 100);
\n IP4_ADDR(&netmask, 255, 255, 255, 0);
\n IP4_ADDR(&gw, 192, 168, 1, 1);<\/p>\n\/\/ 2. \u521d\u59cb\u5316TCP\/IP\u5185\u6838
\n tcpip_init(NULL, NULL);<\/p>\n\/\/ 3. \u5c06MAC\/PHY\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230LWIP\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3
\n netif_add(&gnetif, &ipaddr, &netmask, &gw, NULL, ðernetif_init, &tcpip_input);
\n netif_set_default(&gnetif);
\n netif_set_up(&gnetif); \/\/ \u542f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3
\n}<\/p>\n4. \u7b2c\u56db\u6b65：\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91（\u6536\u53d1\u6570\u636e）<\/h5>\n
\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u540e，\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5177\u4f53\u529f\u80fd：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u5b9e\u73b0 ping \u54cd\u5e94（LWIP \u81ea\u5e26，\u53ea\u9700\u5f00\u542f）；<\/li>\n
- \u5b9e\u73b0 TCP \u670d\u52a1\u5668 \/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef（\u6bd4\u5982\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u6536\u53d1\u6570\u636e）；<\/li>\n
- \u5b9e\u73b0 UDP \u5e7f\u64ad \/ \u5355\u64ad；<\/li>\n
- \u5904\u7406\u94fe\u8def\u4e2d\u65ad（\u6bd4\u5982\u7f51\u7ebf\u65ad\u5f00\u65f6\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u65b0\u624b\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u7684\u5751（\u5b8c\u6574\u7248）<\/h2>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u4f60\u5199 MAC + PHY（RTL8211E） \u4ee3\u7801\u65f6，100% \u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898：<\/p>\n
1. MDIO\/MDC \u6ca1\u914d\u7f6e\u5bf9 \u2192 \u6839\u672c\u8bfb\u4e0d\u5230 PHY<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u73b0\u8c61：\u8bfb PHY ID \u8bfb\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765\u3001\u4e00\u76f4\u8d85\u65f6<\/li>\n
- \u539f\u56e0：\n
- \n
- GPIO \u6a21\u5f0f\u9519\u4e86（\u5e94\u8be5\u5f00\u590d\u7528\u529f\u80fd \/ \u63a8\u633d）<\/li>\n
- MDC \u65f6\u949f\u592a\u5feb\u6216\u592a\u6162<\/li>\n
- PHY \u5730\u5740\u9519\u4e86（RTL8211E \u5e38\u7528 0 \u6216 1，\u770b\u786c\u4ef6\u8d70\u7ebf）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \u7ed3\u679c：MAC \u6839\u672c\u7ba1\u4e0d\u4e86 PHY<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2. \u53ea\u521d\u59cb\u5316 PHY，\u6ca1\u521d\u59cb\u5316 MAC<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u73b0\u8c61：PHY \u94fe\u8def UP \u4e86，\u4f46\u53d1\u4e0d\u51fa\u3001\u6536\u4e0d\u5230<\/li>\n
- \u539f\u56e0：\n
- \n
- MAC \u6ca1\u5f00\u53d1\u9001 \/ \u63a5\u6536<\/li>\n
- MAC \u6ca1\u914d\u7f6e RGMII \/ RMII \u6a21\u5f0f<\/li>\n
- \u6ca1\u914d\u7f6e\u901f\u7387\u3001\u53cc\u5de5（\u8981\u548c PHY \u534f\u5546\u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u81f4）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. MAC \u548c PHY \u63a5\u53e3\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5339\u914d<\/h3>\n
- \n
- RGMII \/ RMII \/ MII \u5fc5\u987b\u786c\u4ef6 + \u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e00\u81f4<\/li>\n
- \u4f60\u7528 RTL8211E \u4e00\u822c\u662f RGMII<\/li>\n
- \u9519\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0d\u901a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. \u81ea\u534f\u5546\u5f00\u4e86，\u4f46\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6ca1\u8bfb\u534f\u5546\u7ed3\u679c<\/h3>\n
- \n
- PHY \u81ea\u52a8\u534f\u5546\u51fa：1000M \u5168\u53cc\u5de5<\/li>\n
- \u4f46\u4f60 MAC \u8fd8\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728：100M \u534a\u53cc\u5de5<\/li>\n
- \u7ed3\u679c：\u80fd Link \u4f46\u4e0d\u901a \/ \u4e22\u5305\u4e25\u91cd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5：<\/p>\n
- \u7b49\u5f85 PHY \u94fe\u8def UP<\/li>\n
- \u8bfb PHY \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u62ff\u5230 \u901f\u7387 + \u53cc\u5de5<\/li>\n
- \u628a\u7ed3\u679c\u5199\u56de MAC<\/li>\n
5. LWIP \u5e95\u5c42\u63a5\u53e3\u6ca1\u5bf9\u63a5\u597d<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u4f60\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c MAC+PHY \u53ea\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u901a\u4e86<\/li>\n
- \u4f46 LWIP \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u600e\u4e48\u53d1\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u6536<\/li>\n
- \u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570：\n
- \n
- low_level_output() \/\/ \u534f\u8bae\u6808 \u2192 MAC \u53d1\u5e27<\/li>\n
- low_level_input() \/\/ MAC \u2192 \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u6536\u5e27<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
6. \u65f6\u5e8f \/ \u7535\u5e73\u95ee\u9898（RGMII \u7279\u522b\u5e38\u89c1）<\/h3>\n
- \n
- RGMII \u9700\u8981 \u5185\u90e8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/li>\n
- \u6709\u4e9b MCU \u8981\u5f00 MAC \u5185\u90e8\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/li>\n
- \u6709\u4e9b\u9760 PCB \u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u963b \/ \u8d70\u7ebf\u8865\u507f<\/li>\n
- \u9519\u4e86：\u5343\u5146\u4e0d\u901a，\u767e\u5146\u80fd\u901a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
7. \u4e2d\u65ad\u6216 DMA \u6ca1\u5f00<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u4e00\u822c\u7528 DMA + \u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/li>\n
- \u4f60\u4e0d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3001\u4e0d\u5f00 DMA<\/li>\n
- \u6570\u636e\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6536\u53d1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u56db\u3001\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u53e5\u6700\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
\u5199\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u4ee3\u7801 = \u505a 3 \u4ef6\u4e8b<\/p>\n
- \u7528 MDIO\/MDC \u628a PHY \u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u3001\u8bfb\u5230\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u534f\u5546\u901f\u7387<\/li>\n
- \u628a\u534f\u5546\u7ed3\u679c\u914d\u7f6e\u7ed9 MAC，\u6253\u5f00\u53d1\u9001\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u3001DMA<\/li>\n
- \u5bf9\u63a5 LWIP \u5e95\u5c42\u6536\u53d1\u51fd\u6570，\u8ba9\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u80fd\u7528\u7f51\u53e3<\/li>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u5e2e\u4f60\u5b8c\u6210 \u201c\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u6790 \/ \u6253\u5305\u201d \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c，\u4e0d\u7528\u4f60\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u683c\u5f0f，\u6211\u518d\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u62c6\u5f97\u66f4\u7ec6，\u8ba9\u4f60\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u695a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u8be5\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48：<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u4f60\u7684\u7406\u89e3（\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u786e）<\/h4>\n
\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5904\u7406，\u6838\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b：\u2705 \u53d1\u6570\u636e\u65f6：\u628a\u4f60\u8981\u53d1\u7ed9 MAC \u7684 \u201c\u88f8\u6570\u636e\u201d（\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e32\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6570\u503c），\u6309 TCP\/IP \u89c4\u5219\u6253\u5305\u6210\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27，\u518d\u4ea4\u7ed9 MAC \u53d1\u9001；\u2705 \u6536\u6570\u636e\u65f6：\u628a MAC \u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684 \u201c\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u201d，\u6309 TCP\/IP \u89c4\u5219\u53cd\u5411\u89e3\u6790，\u8fd8\u539f\u6210\u4f60\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u7684 \u201c\u88f8\u6570\u636e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u5173\u5fc3 \u201c\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u683c\u5f0f\u201d\u201cIP \u5934\u600e\u4e48\u52a0\u201d\u201cUDP \u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u600e\u4e48\u7b97\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5168\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u641e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u7528\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u5b50\u770b\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684 \u201c\u6253\u5305 \/ \u89e3\u6790\u201d \u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h4>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u8981\u7ed9 192.168.1.200 \u53d1\u4e00\u4e32\u5b57\u7b26 "hello"（UDP \u901a\u4fe1），\u5168\u7a0b\u4e0d\u7528\u4f60\u78b0\u5e95\u5c42\u683c\u5f0f：<\/p>\n
1. \u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5199\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801（\u6781\u7b80）<\/h5>\n
\/\/ 1. \u51c6\u5907\u8981\u53d1\u7684\u88f8\u6570\u636e
\nchar send_data[] = "hello";
\n\/\/ 2. \u8c03\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u6808 API \u53d1\u9001（\u4e0d\u7528\u7ba1\u683c\u5f0f）
\nudp_sendto(udp_pcb, send_data, strlen(send_data), &dest_ip, dest_port);<\/p>\n2. \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u7684 \u201c\u6253\u5305\u201d \u5de5\u4f5c（\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u5199）<\/h5>\n
\n
\u6b65\u9aa4\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u6700\u7ec8\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f<\/tr>\n \n\n 1<\/td>\n \u628a "hello" \u5305\u88c5\u6210 UDP \u5305（\u52a0 UDP \u5934：\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u6821\u9a8c\u548c）<\/td>\n UDP \u6570\u636e\u5305<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 2<\/td>\n \u628a UDP \u5305\u5305\u88c5\u6210 IP \u5305（\u52a0 IP \u5934：\u6e90 IP\u3001\u76ee\u7684 IP\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\u3001TTL）<\/td>\n IP \u6570\u636e\u5305<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 3<\/td>\n \u628a IP \u5305\u5305\u88c5\u6210\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27（\u52a0\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5934：\u6e90 MAC\u3001\u76ee\u7684 MAC\u3001\u5e27\u7c7b\u578b）<\/td>\n \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n 3. \u4ea4\u7ed9 MAC\/PHY \u53d1\u9001（\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u5bf9\u63a5\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u548c MAC）<\/h5>\n
\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u628a\u6253\u5305\u597d\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u4f20\u7ed9 MAC，MAC \u518d\u901a\u8fc7 RGMII \u53d1\u7ed9 PHY，PHY \u8f6c\u6210\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u7684 \u201c\u89e3\u6790\u201d \u8fc7\u7a0b（\u53cd\u5411）<\/h5>\n
\u5f53 MAC \u4ece PHY \u6536\u5230\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u540e：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5148\u89e3\u6790\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27，\u53bb\u6389\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5934，\u53d6\u51fa\u91cc\u9762\u7684 IP \u5305；<\/li>\n
- \u518d\u89e3\u6790 IP \u5305，\u53bb\u6389 IP \u5934，\u53d6\u51fa\u91cc\u9762\u7684 UDP \u5305；<\/li>\n
- \u6700\u540e\u89e3\u6790 UDP \u5305，\u53bb\u6389 UDP \u5934，\u8fd8\u539f\u51fa "hello" \u8fd9\u4e32\u88f8\u6570\u636e；<\/li>\n
- \u8c03\u7528\u4f60\u5199\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570，\u628a "hello" \u4f20\u7ed9\u4f60\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u65b0\u624b\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c（\u4e0d\u7528\u78b0\u534f\u8bae\u7ec6\u8282）<\/h4>\n
- \u5bf9\u63a5\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u548c MAC：\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0 2 \u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u51fd\u6570（\u4ee5 LWIP \u4e3a\u4f8b），\u544a\u8bc9\u534f\u8bae\u6808 \u201c\u600e\u4e48\u4ece MAC \u62ff\u6570\u636e\u201d\u201c\u600e\u4e48\u628a\u6570\u636e\u7ed9 MAC\u201d：\n
\/\/ \u51fd\u65701：\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u8981\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u628a\u6570\u636e\u7ed9 MAC
\nstatic err_t low_level_output(struct netif *netif, struct pbuf *p)
\n{
\n \/\/ \u628a\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684 pbuf \u6570\u636e\u4f20\u7ed9 MAC \u7684\u53d1\u9001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a
\n HAL_ETH_Transmit(&heth, p->payload, p->len);
\n return ERR_OK;
\n}<\/p>\n\/\/ \u51fd\u65702：MAC \u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u65f6，\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u628a\u6570\u636e\u7ed9\u534f\u8bae\u6808
\nstatic struct pbuf *low_level_input(struct netif *netif)
\n{
\n uint8_t recv_buf[1500];
\n uint32_t len = HAL_ETH_Receive(&heth, recv_buf, 1500);
\n \/\/ \u628a MAC \u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c01\u88c5\u6210 pbuf，\u4f20\u7ed9\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u89e3\u6790
\n struct pbuf *p = pbuf_alloc(PBUF_RAW, len, PBUF_POOL);
\n pbuf_take(p, recv_buf, len);
\n return p;
\n}<\/p>\n<\/li>\n - \u8c03\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u6808 API \u505a\u4e1a\u52a1：\u6bd4\u5982\u521b\u5efa TCP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001UDP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3001\u5904\u7406 ping \u54cd\u5e94，\u90fd\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5c01\u88c5\u597d\u7684 API，\u4e0d\u7528\u7ba1\u5e95\u5c42\u89e3\u6790 \/ \u6253\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
- \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c：\u5e2e\u4f60\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u6790 \/ \u6253\u5305\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e，\u5c4f\u853d TCP\/IP\u3001\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u7684\u590d\u6742\u683c\u5f0f；<\/li>\n
- \u4f60\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c：\u2460 \u521d\u59cb\u5316 MAC\/PHY \u8ba9\u786c\u4ef6\u901a；\u2461 \u5bf9\u63a5\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u548c MAC \u7684\u6570\u636e\u6536\u53d1；\u2462 \u8c03\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u6808 API \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e1a\u52a1\u529f\u80fd；<\/li>\n
- \u5173\u952e\u8ba4\u77e5：\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 MCU \u91cc\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6，MAC \u662f MCU \u5185\u7f6e\u786c\u4ef6，PHY \u662f\u5916\u90e8\u786c\u4ef6，\u4e09\u8005\u534f\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4：\u4f60\u7ba1 \u201c\u53d1\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6536\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d，\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7ba1 \u201c\u6570\u636e\u600e\u4e48\u6253\u5305 \/ \u89e3\u6790\u201d，MAC\/PHY \u7ba1 \u201c\u6570\u636e\u600e\u4e48\u5728\u7f51\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4f20\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nMDIO\/MDC \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？<\/h2>\n
\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd：MDIO\/MDC \u662f MAC \u7528\u6765 \u201c\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u770b\u72b6\u6001\u201d \u5916\u90e8 PHY \u82af\u7247\u7684\u4e24\u6839\u4e13\u7528\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n
1. \u5148\u8bb0\u6b7b：\u53ea\u6709 2 \u6839\u7ebf<\/h3>\n
- \n
- MDC：\u65f6\u949f\u7ebf（MAC \u53d1 \u2192 PHY \u6536）<\/li>\n
- MDIO：\u6570\u636e\u7ebf（\u53cc\u5411，MAC \u2194 PHY）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5b83\u4fe9\u53ea\u5e72\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b：\u8ba9 MAC \u8bfb\u5199 PHY \u5185\u90e8\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u5f62\u8c61\u6bd4\u55bb（\u4f60\u9a6c\u4e0a\u61c2）<\/h3>\n
- \n
- MAC = \u8001\u677f（\u5728 MCU \u91cc）<\/li>\n
- PHY = \u5458\u5de5（\u5916\u9762\u72ec\u7acb\u82af\u7247）<\/li>\n
- RGMII\/RMII = \u5458\u5de5\u5e72\u6d3b\u7684\u901a\u9053（\u4f20\u5927\u6570\u636e）<\/li>\n
- MDIO\/MDC = \u8001\u677f\u7ed9\u5458\u5de5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5bf9\u8bb2\u673a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u8001\u677f（MAC）\u8981\u77e5\u9053：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u7f51\u7ebf\u63d2\u6ca1\u63d2？<\/li>\n
- \u73b0\u5728\u662f\u5343\u5146\u8fd8\u662f\u767e\u5146？<\/li>\n
- \u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u8fd8\u662f\u534a\u53cc\u5de5？<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7 MDIO\/MDC \u95ee PHY\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u5b83\u5230\u5e95\u7528\u6765\u5e72\u561b？（\u4f60\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u7528\u5230）<\/h3>\n
\u901a\u8fc7 MDIO\/MDC，MAC \u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9 PHY \u505a 4 \u4ef6\u4e8b：<\/p>\n
- \u8bfb PHY ID\u786e\u8ba4\u786c\u4ef6\u662f\u4e0d\u662f RTL8211E，\u901a\u4fe1\u901a\u4e0d\u901a\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u590d\u4f4d PHY<\/li>\n
- \u914d\u7f6e PHY\u5f00\u81ea\u534f\u5546\u3001\u5343\u5146\u3001\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u2026<\/li>\n
- \u8bfb\u72b6\u6001\u7f51\u7ebf\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u63d2\u4e0a（Link Up\/Down）\u534f\u5546\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u901f\u7387\u662f\u591a\u5c11<\/li>\n
4. \u548c RGMII \u7684\u533a\u522b（\u8d85\u7ea7\u91cd\u8981）<\/h3>\n
- \n
- RGMII\/RX\/TX \u90a3\u4e00\u7ec4\u7ebf：\u4f20\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u6570\u636e（\u5927\u5305）<\/li>\n
- MDIO\/MDC：\u4f20\u914d\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4（\u5c0f\u5305）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u6ca1\u6709 MDIO\/MDC \u2192 PHY \u4e0d\u4f1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6ca1\u6709 RGMII \u2192 \u4e0d\u80fd\u4f20\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
5. \u4f60\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u770b\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/h3>\n
\/\/ \u901a\u8fc7 MDIO\/MDC \u8bfb PHY \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668
\nHAL_ETH_ReadPHYRegister(…)<\/p>\n\/\/ \u901a\u8fc7 MDIO\/MDC \u5199 PHY \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668
\nHAL_ETH_WritePHYRegister(…)<\/p>\n\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570，\u5e95\u5c42\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u7ffb\u8f6c MDC \u548c MDIO\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u7ec8\u6781\u7b80\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
MDIO\/MDC = MAC \u5bf9 PHY \u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u603b\u7ebf\u3002\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u914d\u7f6e + \u770b\u72b6\u6001，\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u4f20\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u89e3\u5c42\u7ea7，\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5168\u80fd\u4e0a\u624b\u5199\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u9a71\u52a8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
MCU \/ CPU \u2192 MAC \u2192 MII\/RMII\/RGMII \u2192 PHY \u2192 \u7f51\u53e3\u53d8\u538b\u5668 \u2192 \u7f51\u7ebf<\/p>\n
\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5b50：GD32F407VET6\u5355\u7247\u673a\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n
![\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/20260304040947-69a7b08b2f62c.png\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u4e00\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u94fe\u8def\u603b\u56fe（\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u5c31\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u786c\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e）<\/h2>\n
\u3010MCU \u82af\u7247\u3011
\n \u251c\u2500 CPU \/ \u5185\u6838
\n \u251c\u2500 Flash \/ RAM
\n \u2514\u2500 \u3010MAC \u6a21\u5757\u3011（\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u63a7\u5236\u5668，\u96c6\u6210\u5728 MCU \u5185\u90e8）
\n \u251c\u2500 \u2460 MDIO \/ MDC （2 \u6839\u7ebf：\u7ba1\u7406\u603b\u7ebf）
\n \u2502 \u2193
\n \u2514\u2500 \u2461 RGMII \/ RMII \/ MII （4~16 \u6839\u7ebf：\u6570\u636e\u603b\u7ebf）
\n \u2193
\n\u3010\u5916\u90e8 PHY \u82af\u7247\u3011（\u4f8b\u5982 RTL8211E）
\n \u251c\u2500 \u63a5\u6536 MDIO\/MDC：\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u8bfb\u72b6\u6001
\n \u251c\u2500 \u63a5\u6536 RGMII\/RMII：\u6570\u636e\u5305
\n \u2514\u2500 \u628a\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7 \u2192 \u8f6c\u4e3a\u7f51\u53e3\u5dee\u5206\u4fe1\u53f7
\n \u2193
\n\u3010\u7f51\u53e3\u53d8\u538b\u5668\u3011（\u9694\u79bb\u3001\u9632\u96f7\u3001\u6ee4\u6ce2）
\n \u2193
\n\u3010RJ45 \u7f51\u53e3\u3011（\u63d2\u7f51\u7ebf\u7684\u63a5\u53e3）
\n \u2193
\n\u3010\u7f51\u7ebf\u3011\u2192 \u7535\u8111 \/ \u4ea4\u6362\u673a \/ \u8def\u7531\u5668<\/p>\n\u4e8c\u3001\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u54ea\u91cc + \u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48 + \u5173\u7cfb<\/h2>\n
1. MCU \u82af\u7247<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u4f4d\u7f6e：\u4f60\u677f\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u63a7\u82af\u7247<\/li>\n
- \u5185\u90e8\u5305\u542b：\n
- \n
- CPU：\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801<\/li>\n
- MAC：\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5757<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \u91cd\u8981：MAC \u5728 MCU \u5185\u90e8，\u4e0d\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u82af\u7247！<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2. MAC（\u4ecb\u8d28\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236）<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u4f4d\u7f6e：MCU \u5185\u90e8\u786c\u4ef6\u6a21\u5757<\/li>\n
- \u4f5c\u7528：\n
- \n
- \u6253\u5305 \/ \u89e3\u6790\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27<\/li>\n
- \u63a7\u5236\u53d1\u9001\u3001\u63a5\u6536<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \u5bf9\u5916\u6709\u4e24\u7ec4\u63a5\u53e3：\n
- MDIO\/MDC（\u7ba1\u7406\u53e3）<\/li>\n
- RGMII\/RMII\/MII（\u6570\u636e\u53e3）<\/li>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. MDIO \/ MDC（\u4f60\u91cd\u70b9\u95ee\u7684）<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u4f4d\u7f6e：MCU \u4e24\u4e2a\u5f15\u811a \u2192 PHY \u4e24\u4e2a\u5f15\u811a<\/li>\n
- \u7ebf\u6570：2 \u6839<\/li>\n
- \u65b9\u5411：\n
- \n
- MDC：\u65f6\u949f，MCU \u2192 PHY<\/li>\n
- MDIO：\u6570\u636e，\u53cc\u5411<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \u4f5c\u7528：\n
- \n
- \u914d\u7f6e PHY（\u901f\u7387\u3001\u81ea\u534f\u5546\u3001\u590d\u4f4d）<\/li>\n
- \u8bfb PHY \u72b6\u6001（\u7f51\u7ebf\u662f\u5426\u63d2\u5165\u3001link \u72b6\u6001）<\/li>\n
- \u8bfb PHY \u578b\u53f7 ID（\u8bc6\u522b RTL8211E）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \u603b\u7ed3：\u7ba1\u7406\u603b\u7ebf = \u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u770b\u72b6\u6001，\u4e0d\u4f20\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. RGMII \/ RMII \/ MII<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u4f4d\u7f6e：MCU \u5f15\u811a \u2192 PHY \u5f15\u811a\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u9ad8\u901f\u7ebf<\/li>\n
- \u4f5c\u7528：\u4e13\u95e8\u4f20\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/li>\n
- \u533a\u522b：\n
- \n
- MII：\u8001\u6b3e\u3001\u7ebf\u591a\u3001\u767e\u5146<\/li>\n
- RMII：\u7b80\u5316\u7248\u3001\u7ebf\u5c11\u3001\u767e\u5146<\/li>\n
- RGMII：\u5343\u5146\u3001\u7ebf\u5c11\u3001\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \u603b\u7ed3：\u6570\u636e\u603b\u7ebf = \u4f20\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. PHY \u82af\u7247（\u4f8b\u5982 RTL8211E）<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u4f4d\u7f6e：MCU \u5916\u90e8，\u72ec\u7acb\u82af\u7247<\/li>\n
- \u4f5c\u7528：\n
- \n
- \u628a MAC \u53d1\u6765\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7<\/li>\n
- \u8f6c\u6210\u7f51\u53e3\u80fd\u7528\u7684\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \u5fc5\u987b\u540c\u65f6\u63a5：\n
- \n
- MDIO\/MDC（\u914d\u7f6e）<\/li>\n
- RGMII\/RMII（\u6570\u636e）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
6. \u7f51\u53e3\u53d8\u538b\u5668<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u4f4d\u7f6e：PHY \u548c RJ45 \u4e4b\u95f4<\/li>\n
- \u4f5c\u7528：\u9694\u79bb\u3001\u9632\u96f7\u3001\u9632\u70e7\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u6574\u5f62<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
7. RJ45 \u7f51\u53e3 \u2192 \u7f51\u7ebf<\/h3>\n
- \n
- \u6700\u7ec8\u4fe1\u53f7\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7ebf\u51fa\u53bb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u6700\u7cbe\u7b80\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u603b\u5173\u7cfb<\/h2>\n
- \n
- MAC \u5728 MCU \u91cc<\/li>\n
- PHY \u662f\u5916\u90e8\u72ec\u7acb\u82af\u7247<\/li>\n
- MDIO\/MDC：2 \u6839\u7ebf，\u7528\u6765\u914d\u7f6e PHY<\/li>\n
- RGMII\/RMII：\u4e00\u7ec4\u9ad8\u901f\u7ebf，\u7528\u6765\u4f20\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n
- \u4e24\u6761\u8def\u5fc5\u987b\u540c\u65f6\u6709，\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u624d\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n\u4f60\u95ee\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7279\u522b\u5173\u952e，\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u8df3\u51fa \u201c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528 LWIP\u201d \u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u601d\u7ef4！\u5148\u7ed9\u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba，\u518d\u8bb2\u6e05\u695a\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u8be5\u9009\u4ec0\u4e48：<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h4>\n
LWIP \u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684！\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u9886\u57df\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u9009\u62e9，\u662f\u5426\u7528\u5b83\u3001\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u66ff\u4ee3，\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u548cMCU \u8d44\u6e90：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u82e5\u9700\u8981 TCP\/UDP\/IP\/ICMP（ping\u3001\u8054\u7f51\u901a\u4fe1）\u2192 \u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u6808（LWIP \u6216\u5176\u4ed6）；<\/li>\n
- \u82e5\u53ea\u9700\u8981 \u201c\u88f8\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u6536\u53d1\u201d（\u6bd4\u5982\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93）\u2192 \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u534f\u8bae\u6808，\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c MAC\/PHY\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528 LWIP（\u4e0d\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u534f\u8bae\u6808）<\/h4>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u53ea\u662f \u201c\u628a\u6570\u636e\u4ece MCU \u53d1\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907，\u4e14\u4e24\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u7531\u4f60\u63a7\u5236\u201d，\u6bd4\u5982：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u6536\u53d1\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27；<\/li>\n
- \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8054\u7f51\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 ping\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u548c\u7535\u8111 \/ \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u4fe1；<\/li>\n
- \u8ffd\u6c42\u6781\u81f4\u7cbe\u7b80（MCU \u8d44\u6e90\u6781\u5c11，\u6bd4\u5982\u53ea\u6709\u51e0 KB RAM）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u2705 \u505a\u6cd5：\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c MAC \u786c\u4ef6，\u6536\u53d1 \u201c\u88f8\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u201d，\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801（STM32）：<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u88f8\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27（\u4e0d\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u6808）
\nvoid send_raw_eth_frame(uint8_t *data, uint16_t len)
\n{
\n uint8_t eth_frame[1500];
\n \/\/ \u624b\u52a8\u586b\u5145\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u5934（\u76ee\u7684MAC\u3001\u6e90MAC\u3001\u5e27\u7c7b\u578b）
\n eth_frame[0] = 0x00; eth_frame[1] = 0x11; eth_frame[2] = 0x22; \/\/ \u76ee\u7684MAC\u524d3\u5b57\u8282
\n eth_frame[3] = 0x33; eth_frame[4] = 0x44; eth_frame[5] = 0x55; \/\/ \u76ee\u7684MAC\u540e3\u5b57\u8282
\n eth_frame[6] = 0xAA; eth_frame[7] = 0xBB; eth_frame[8] = 0xCC; \/\/ \u6e90MAC\u524d3\u5b57\u8282
\n eth_frame[9] = 0xDD; eth_frame[10] = 0xEE; eth_frame[11] = 0xFF; \/\/ \u6e90MAC\u540e3\u5b57\u8282
\n eth_frame[12] = 0x08; eth_frame[13] = 0x00; \/\/ \u5e27\u7c7b\u578b（0x0800=IP，\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5219\u75280x88B5\u7b49）<\/p>\n\/\/ \u586b\u5145\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e
\n memcpy(ð_frame[14], data, len);<\/p>\n\/\/ \u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7MAC\u53d1\u9001
\n HAL_ETH_Transmit(&heth, eth_frame, 14 + len);
\n}<\/p>\n\/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u88f8\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27（\u4e0d\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u6808）
\nvoid recv_raw_eth_frame(void)
\n{
\n uint8_t recv_buf[1500];
\n uint32_t len = HAL_ETH_Receive(&heth, recv_buf, 1500);
\n if (len > 14)
\n {
\n \/\/ recv_buf[14:] \u5c31\u662f\u88f8\u6570\u636e，\u81ea\u5df1\u89e3\u6790\u5373\u53ef
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n\u4e09\u3001\u9664\u4e86 LWIP，\u8fd8\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u53ef\u9009<\/h4>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981 TCP\/IP \u529f\u80fd（\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u6808），\u9664\u4e86 LWIP，\u8fd8\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u6d41\u9009\u62e9，\u6309 \u201c\u6613\u7528\u6027 \/ \u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u201d \u5206\u7c7b：<\/p>\n
\n
\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7279\u70b9\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/tr>\n \n\n LWIP<\/td>\n \u8f7b\u91cf（\u51e0\u5341 KB RAM）\u3001\u5f00\u6e90\u3001\u9002\u914d\u6027\u5f3a<\/td>\n 90% \u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u573a\u666f（STM32\/MCU\/ \u65e0 OS）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n uIP<\/td>\n \u8d85\u8f7b\u91cf（\u51e0 KB RAM）\u3001\u6781\u7b80<\/td>\n \u8d44\u6e90\u6781\u7701\u7684 MCU（\u5982 51\/STM32F103）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n FreeRTOS+TCP<\/td>\n \u548c FreeRTOS \u6df1\u5ea6\u96c6\u6210\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a<\/td>\n \u7528 FreeRTOS \u7684\u9879\u76ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n NetX\/NetX Duo<\/td>\n \u5546\u7528\u3001\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u652f\u6301 IPv6<\/td>\n \u5de5\u4e1a \/ \u8f66\u8f7d（\u9700\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4f18\u5148）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Zephyr Net<\/td>\n \u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f OS Zephyr \u5185\u7f6e\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u5316<\/td>\n \u57fa\u4e8e Zephyr \u7684\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u9879\u76ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n uC\/IP<\/td>\n \u548c uC\/OS-II\/III \u914d\u5957\u3001\u5546\u7528<\/td>\n \u7528 uC\/OS \u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u91cd\u70b9\u5bf9\u6bd4（\u65b0\u624b\u5173\u6ce8）：<\/h5>\n
- \n
LWIP vs uIP：<\/p>\n
- \n
- LWIP：\u529f\u80fd\u5168（TCP\/UDP\/IP\/DHCP\/DNS）\u3001\u6613\u79fb\u690d，\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u573a\u666f；<\/li>\n
- uIP：\u53ea\u6709\u6838\u5fc3 TCP\/IP，\u4ee3\u7801\u91cf\u6781\u5c0f，\u4f46\u529f\u80fd\u5f31（\u65e0 DHCP\u3001\u65e0\u591a\u8fde\u63a5），\u9002\u5408\u6781\u4f4e\u7aef MCU\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
LWIP vs FreeRTOS+TCP：<\/p>\n
- \n
- \u82e5\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528 FreeRTOS，\u4f18\u5148\u9009 FreeRTOS+TCP（\u65e0\u7f1d\u96c6\u6210）；<\/li>\n
- \u82e5\u4e0d\u7528 RTOS（\u88f8\u673a），\u4f18\u5148\u9009 LWIP\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
\u56db\u3001\u65b0\u624b\u9009\u578b\u5efa\u8bae（\u4e0d\u7528\u7ea0\u7ed3）<\/h4>\n
- 99% \u7684\u573a\u666f：\u9009 LWIP（\u8d44\u6599\u591a\u3001\u9002\u914d\u5168\u3001\u6613\u4e0a\u624b）；<\/li>\n
- MCU RAM < 10KB：\u9009 uIP；<\/li>\n
- \u7528 FreeRTOS：\u9009 FreeRTOS+TCP；<\/li>\n
- \u5de5\u4e1a \/ \u8f66\u8f7d（\u8981\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027 \/ \u8ba4\u8bc1）：\u9009 NetX Duo；<\/li>\n
- \u4ec5\u88f8\u5e27\u6536\u53d1：\u4e0d\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u534f\u8bae\u6808，\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c MAC\u3002<\/li>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
- LWIP \u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684，\u4ec5\u5f53\u9700\u8981 TCP\/IP \u529f\u80fd\u65f6\u624d\u9700\u8981\u534f\u8bae\u6808；<\/li>\n
- \u65e0 TCP\/IP \u9700\u6c42 \u2192 \u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c MAC \u6536\u53d1\u88f8\u5e27，\u4e0d\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u534f\u8bae\u6808；<\/li>\n
- \u6709 TCP\/IP \u9700\u6c42 \u2192 \u4f18\u5148\u9009 LWIP，\u7279\u6b8a\u573a\u666f\u53ef\u6362 uIP\/FreeRTOS+TCP \u7b49；<\/li>\n
- \u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219：\u6309 \u201c\u529f\u80fd\u9700\u6c42 + MCU \u8d44\u6e90\u201d \u9009，\u4e0d\u7528\u8ffd\u6c42 \u201c\u8d8a\u590d\u6742\u8d8a\u597d\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4：\u80fd\u88f8\u5e27\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u6808，\u8981\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u8bdd，\u65b0\u624b\u76f4\u63a5\u9009 LWIP \u51c6\u6ca1\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u4f60\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 LWIP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u7a0b\u91cc\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837，\u6211\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u4f60\u5c55\u793a \u201c\u6807\u51c6 LWIP \u5de5\u7a0b\u7ed3\u6784 + \u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e \/ \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u201d，\u65b0\u624b\u4e00\u770b\u5c31\u61c2，\u8fd8\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u53c2\u8003\u79fb\u690d：<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u5148\u770b LWIP \u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u91cc\u7684 \u201c\u7269\u7406\u5f62\u6001\u201d（\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784）<\/h4>\n
\u8fd9\u662f STM32 + LWIP \u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d，LWIP \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6587\u4ef6\u5e03\u5c40（\u529f\u80fd\u5168\u7248\u672c），\u4f60\u79fb\u690d\u65f6\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u5165\u5de5\u7a0b，\u518d\u914d\u7f6e\u5c11\u91cf\u53c2\u6570\u5373\u53ef：<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\/
\n\u251c\u2500 LWIP\/ \/\/ LWIP \u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u5f55（\u4e0d\u7528\u6539）
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500 src\/
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u251c\u2500 core\/ \/\/ TCP\/IP \u6838\u5fc3（IP\/TCP\/UDP\/ICMP \u7b49）
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u251c\u2500 ip.c\/ip.h \/\/ IP \u534f\u8bae（\u5730\u5740\u3001\u8def\u7531\u3001\u5206\u7247）
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u251c\u2500 tcp.c\/tcp.h \/\/ TCP \u534f\u8bae（\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u91cd\u4f20\u3001\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236）
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u251c\u2500 udp.c\/udp.h \/\/ UDP \u534f\u8bae（\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93）
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u251c\u2500 icmp.c\/icmp.h \/\/ ICMP（ping \u54cd\u5e94）
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u2514\u2500 netif\/ \/\/ \u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3（\u5bf9\u63a5 MAC\/PHY）
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u251c\u2500 apps\/ \/\/ \u4e0a\u5c42\u5e94\u7528（\u53ef\u9009，\u529f\u80fd\u5168\u65f6\u52a0）
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u251c\u2500 dhcp.c\/dhcp.h \/\/ DHCP（\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6 IP）
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u251c\u2500 dns.c\/dns.h \/\/ DNS（\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790，\u6bd4\u5982\u89e3\u6790 www.baidu.com）
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2502 \u2514\u2500 httpd.c \/\/ \u8f7b\u91cf HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668（\u53ef\u9009）
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u2514\u2500 include\/ \/\/ \u6240\u6709\u5934\u6587\u4ef6（\u4e0d\u7528\u6539）
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500 lwipopts.h \/\/ LWIP \u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6（\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6539\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6838\u5fc3\u6587\u4ef6）
\n\u251c\u2500 Drivers\/
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500 ethernetif.c\/ethernetif.h \/\/ \u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5199\u7684：LWIP \u2194 MAC \u5bf9\u63a5\u4ee3\u7801
\n\u2514\u2500 User\/
\n \u2514\u2500 lwip_app.c \/\/ \u4f60\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801（\u914d\u7f6e IP\u3001\u5199 TCP\/UDP \u903b\u8f91）<\/p>\n\u4e8c\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 lwipopts.h（\u529f\u80fd\u5168\u7248\u672c\u793a\u4f8b）<\/h4>\n
\u8fd9\u662f \u201c\u5f00\u542f TCP\/UDP\/IP\/DHCP\/DNS\u201d \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u914d\u7f6e，\u65b0\u624b\u53ea\u9700\u6539\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5f00\u5173\u529f\u80fd，\u4e0d\u7528\u6539\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91：<\/p>\n
#ifndef LWIPOPTS_H
\n#define LWIPOPTS_H<\/p>\n\/\/ 1. \u57fa\u7840\u914d\u7f6e（\u9002\u914d MCU \u8d44\u6e90）
\n#define MEM_SIZE 32*1024 \/\/ \u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u5927\u5c0f（STM32F4 \u914d 32KB \u8db3\u591f）
\n#define MEMP_NUM_TCP_PCB 8 \/\/ \u6700\u5927 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u6570（\u6bd4\u5982\u652f\u6301 8 \u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef）
\n#define MEMP_NUM_UDP_PCB 4 \/\/ \u6700\u5927 UDP \u8fde\u63a5\u6570
\n#define PBUF_POOL_SIZE 16 \/\/ \u6570\u636e\u5305\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\n\/\/ 2. \u5f00\u542f\u6838\u5fc3\u534f\u8bae（\u529f\u80fd\u5168）
\n#define LWIP_IPV4 1 \/\/ \u542f\u7528 IPv4
\n#define LWIP_TCP 1 \/\/ \u542f\u7528 TCP
\n#define LWIP_UDP 1 \/\/ \u542f\u7528 UDP
\n#define LWIP_ICMP 1 \/\/ \u542f\u7528 ICMP（ping）
\n#define LWIP_DHCP 1 \/\/ \u542f\u7528 DHCP（\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6 IP）
\n#define LWIP_DNS 1 \/\/ \u542f\u7528 DNS（\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790）
\n#define LWIP_NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK 1 \/\/ \u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u56de\u8c03（\u7f51\u7ebf\u63d2\u62d4\u68c0\u6d4b）<\/p>\n\/\/ 3. \u4f18\u5316\u914d\u7f6e（\u65b0\u624b\u4e0d\u7528\u6539）
\n#define LWIP_TCP_KEEPALIVE 1 \/\/ TCP \u4fdd\u6d3b（\u9632\u6b62\u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00）
\n#define LWIP_TCP_TIMESTAMPS 1 \/\/ TCP \u65f6\u95f4\u6233（\u4f18\u5316\u91cd\u4f20）
\n#define LWIP_ARP 1 \/\/ \u542f\u7528 ARP（MAC\/IP \u6620\u5c04）
\n#define LWIP_IGMP 0 \/\/ \u4e0d\u7528\u7ec4\u64ad\u5c31\u5173\u4e86
\n#define LWIP_STATS 0 \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u7edf\u8ba1（\u8282\u7701\u8d44\u6e90）<\/p>\n\/\/ 4. \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9002\u914d（\u88f8\u673a\/RTOS \u53ef\u9009）
\n#define NO_SYS 0 \/\/ 0=\u7528 RTOS（FreeRTOS），1=\u88f8\u673a
\n#define SYS_LIGHTWEIGHT_PROT 1 \/\/ \u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u4fdd\u62a4<\/p>\n#endif \/* LWIPOPTS_H *\/<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u5168\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b（TCP+UDP+DHCP+DNS）<\/h4>\n
\u8fd9\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e LWIP \u5b9e\u73b0 \u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6 IP + TCP \u670d\u52a1\u5668 + UDP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef + \u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u201d \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7801，\u76f4\u63a5\u4f53\u73b0 LWIP \u7684 \u201c\u529f\u80fd\u5168\u201d：<\/p>\n
#include "lwip\/netif.h"
\n#include "lwip\/tcpip.h"
\n#include "lwip\/dhcp.h"
\n#include "lwip\/dns.h"
\n#include "lwip\/tcp.h"
\n#include "lwip\/udp.h"<\/p>\nstruct netif gnetif;<\/p>\n
\/\/ ———————- 1. \u521d\u59cb\u5316 LWIP \u6838\u5fc3 ———————-
\nvoid lwip_init_all(void)
\n{
\n \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316 TCP\/IP \u5185\u6838
\n tcpip_init(NULL, NULL);<\/p>\n\/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3（\u7ed1\u5b9a MAC\/PHY）
\n netif_add(&gnetif, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, ðernetif_init, &tcpip_input);
\n netif_set_default(&gnetif);
\n netif_set_up(&gnetif);<\/p>\n\/\/ \u5f00\u542f DHCP（\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6 IP，\u66ff\u4ee3\u9759\u6001 IP）
\n dhcp_start(&gnetif);<\/p>\n\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316 TCP \u670d\u52a1\u5668 + UDP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef
\n tcp_server_init(8080); \/\/ TCP \u76d1\u542c 8080 \u7aef\u53e3
\n udp_client_init(); \/\/ UDP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u521d\u59cb\u5316
\n}<\/p>\n\/\/ ———————- 2. TCP \u670d\u52a1\u5668（\u76d1\u542c 8080 \u7aef\u53e3） ———————-
\nerr_t tcp_recv_cb(void *arg, struct tcp_pcb *pcb, struct pbuf *p, err_t err)
\n{
\n if (p != NULL)
\n {
\n \/\/ \u6536\u5230 TCP \u6570\u636e：p->payload \u662f\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5bb9，p->len \u662f\u957f\u5ea6
\n tcp_write(pcb, "\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e", 6, TCP_WRITE_FLAG_COPY); \/\/ \u56de\u590d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef
\n tcp_output(pcb);
\n pbuf_free(p);
\n }
\n return ERR_OK;
\n}<\/p>\nvoid tcp_server_init(uint16_t port)
\n{
\n struct tcp_pcb *pcb = tcp_new();
\n tcp_bind(pcb, IP_ADDR_ANY, port);
\n pcb = tcp_listen(pcb);
\n tcp_accept(pcb, tcp_accept_cb); \/\/ \u6ce8\u518c\u8fde\u63a5\u56de\u8c03
\n}<\/p>\n\/\/ ———————- 3. UDP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef（\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u5230 192.168.1.10） ———————-
\nvoid udp_client_init(void)
\n{
\n struct udp_pcb *pcb = udp_new();
\n ip4_addr_t dest_ip;
\n IP4_ADDR(&dest_ip, 192, 168, 1, 10); \/\/ \u76ee\u6807 IP
\n udp_connect(pcb, &dest_ip, 9090); \/\/ \u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3 9090
\n udp_send(pcb, "UDP \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e", 8); \/\/ \u53d1\u9001 UDP \u6570\u636e
\n}<\/p>\n\/\/ ———————- 4. DNS \u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790（\u89e3\u6790\u767e\u5ea6） ———————-
\nvoid dns_test(void)
\n{
\n ip4_addr_t ipaddr;
\n \/\/ \u89e3\u6790 www.baidu.com，\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6 IP
\n dns_gethostbyname("www.baidu.com", &ipaddr, dns_found_cb, NULL);
\n}<\/p>\n\/\/ DNS \u89e3\u6790\u5b8c\u6210\u56de\u8c03
\nvoid dns_found_cb(const char *name, const ip_addr_t *ipaddr, void *arg)
\n{
\n if (ipaddr != NULL)
\n {
\n \/\/ ipaddr \u5c31\u662f\u767e\u5ea6\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740，\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e TCP\/UDP \u8fde\u63a5
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n\u56db\u3001LWIP \u201c\u6613\u79fb\u690d\u201d \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u73b0<\/h4>\n
- \u8de8 MCU \u517c\u5bb9：\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u7528\u6539，\u5c31\u80fd\u4ece STM32F4 \u79fb\u690d\u5230 STM32H7\u3001GD32\u3001IMX6UL \u7b49 MCU；<\/li>\n
- \u5bf9\u63a5\u7b80\u5355：\u53ea\u9700\u5b9e\u73b0 ethernetif.c \u91cc\u7684 2 \u4e2a\u51fd\u6570（low_level_input\/output），\u5c31\u80fd\u5bf9\u63a5\u4efb\u4f55 MCU \u7684 MAC \u786c\u4ef6；<\/li>\n
- \u5f00\u5173\u53ef\u63a7：\u60f3\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u5f00\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b8f（\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0d\u7528 DHCP \u5c31\u628a LWIP_DHCP \u8bbe\u4e3a 0），\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u53ef\u7075\u6d3b\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/li>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
- LWIP \u7684 \u201c\u529f\u80fd\u5168\u201d \u4f53\u73b0\u5728：\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u914d\u7f6e\u5c31\u80fd\u5f00\u542f TCP\/UDP\/IP\/DHCP\/DNS\/ICMP \u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd，\u6ee1\u8db3\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8054\u7f51\u9700\u6c42；<\/li>\n
- LWIP \u7684 \u201c\u6613\u79fb\u690d\u201d \u4f53\u73b0\u5728：\u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7801\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539，\u4ec5\u9700\u914d\u7f6e lwipopts.h + \u5b9e\u73b0 MAC \u5bf9\u63a5\u51fd\u6570，\u5c31\u80fd\u9002\u914d\u4e0d\u540c MCU；<\/li>\n
- \u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u628a LWIP \u6e90\u7801\u52a0\u5165\u5de5\u7a0b，\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5199\u5bf9\u63a5\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801，\u5c31\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u7528\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4：LWIP \u628a\u590d\u6742\u7684 TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u7684 API，\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u61c2\u534f\u8bae\u7ec6\u8282，\u8c03\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u5c31\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u8054\u7f51\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u4f60\u95ee\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898，\u662f\u4ece \u201c\u5b9e\u64cd\u5c42\u201d \u6df1\u5165\u5230\u4e86 \u201c\u534f\u8bae\u539f\u7406\u5c42\u201d，\u6211\u5148\u7ed9\u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba，\u518d\u7528\u65b0\u624b\u80fd\u61c2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bb2\u900f：<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h4>\n
\u2705 3 \u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u30014 \u6b21\u6325\u624b\u662f TCP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236（UDP \u6ca1\u6709）；\u2705 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0，\u800c\u662fLWIP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5185\u90e8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c01\u88c5\u597d\u7684，\u4f60\u8c03\u7528 LWIP \u7684 TCP API \u65f6，\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4：\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528 tcp_connect()\/tcp_listen() \u7b49 API，LWIP \u4f1a\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406 3 \u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u30014 \u6b21\u6325\u624b\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5，\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u7528\u7ba1\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5148\u641e\u61c2：3 \u6b21\u63e1\u624b \/ 4 \u6b21\u6325\u624b\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？<\/h4>\n
\u7528 \u201c\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u201d \u7684\u6bd4\u55bb，\u8ba9\u4f60\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u61c2（TCP \u662f \u201c\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u201d \u7684\u901a\u4fe1，\u50cf\u6253\u7535\u8bdd；UDP \u662f \u201c\u53d1\u77ed\u4fe1\u201d，\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5）：<\/p>\n
1. 3 \u6b21\u63e1\u624b（\u5efa\u7acb TCP \u8fde\u63a5）<\/h5>\n
\u76ee\u7684：\u786e\u4fdd\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u80fd \u201c\u542c\u5f97\u5230\u3001\u8bf4\u5f97\u51fa\u201d，\u5efa\u7acb\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u901a\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f60（\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef） \u670d\u52a1\u5668
\n \u2502 \u2502
\n \u2502 \u201c\u5582，\u80fd\u542c\u5230\u5417？\u201d（SYN）\u2502
\n \u2502\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500>\u2502
\n \u2502 \u2502 \u201c\u80fd\u542c\u5230！\u4f60\u80fd\u542c\u5230\u6211\u5417？\u201d（SYN+ACK）
\n \u2502<\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2502
\n \u2502 \u2502
\n \u2502 \u201c\u80fd\u542c\u5230！\u5f00\u59cb\u804a\u5427\u201d（ACK）\u2502
\n \u2502\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500>\u2502
\n \u2502 \u2502
\n \u2502 \u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb，\u5f00\u59cb\u4f20\u6570\u636e \u2502<\/p>\n2. 4 \u6b21\u6325\u624b（\u65ad\u5f00 TCP \u8fde\u63a5）<\/h5>\n
\u76ee\u7684：\u786e\u4fdd\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u628a\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u5b8c，\u4f18\u96c5\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5（TCP \u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e22）\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f60（\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef） \u670d\u52a1\u5668
\n \u2502 \u2502
\n \u2502 \u201c\u6211\u8bf4\u5b8c\u4e86，\u8981\u6302\u4e86\u201d（FIN）\u2502
\n \u2502\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500>\u2502
\n \u2502 \u2502 \u201c\u597d，\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u201d（ACK）
\n \u2502<\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2502
\n \u2502 \u2502 （\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u628a\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u5b8c）
\n \u2502 \u2502 \u201c\u6211\u4e5f\u8bf4\u5b8c\u4e86，\u4f60\u6302\u5427\u201d（FIN）
\n \u2502<\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2502
\n \u2502 \u2502
\n \u2502 \u201c\u597d，\u90a3\u6211\u6302\u4e86\u201d（ACK）\u2502
\n \u2502\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500>\u2502
\n \u2502 \u2502
\n \u2502 \u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00 \u2502<\/p>\n\u4e09\u3001\u548c LWIP \u7684\u5173\u7cfb：\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u5199，LWIP \u5e2e\u4f60\u505a<\/h4>\n
LWIP \u7684 tcp.c \u6e90\u7801\u91cc，\u5df2\u7ecf\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86 3 \u6b21\u63e1\u624b \/ 4 \u6b21\u6325\u624b\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u903b\u8f91，\u4f60\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528 API，\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5168\u7531 LWIP \u5904\u7406：<\/p>\n
1. \u4f60\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801（\u6781\u7b80）<\/h5>\n
\/\/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5efa\u7acb TCP \u8fde\u63a5（\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5199\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c）
\ntcp_connect(pcb, &dest_ip, 8080, tcp_connect_cb);<\/p>\n\/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5（\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5199\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c）
\ntcp_close(pcb);<\/p>\n2. LWIP \u5e95\u5c42\u81ea\u52a8\u505a\u7684\u4e8b（\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u7528\u7ba1）<\/h5>\n
- \n
- \u8c03\u7528 tcp_connect() \u540e：LWIP \u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u9001 SYN \u5305 \u2192 \u7b49\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 SYN+ACK \u2192 \u53d1\u9001 ACK，\u5b8c\u6210 3 \u6b21\u63e1\u624b；<\/li>\n
- \u8c03\u7528 tcp_close() \u540e：LWIP \u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u9001 FIN \u5305 \u2192 \u7b49\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 ACK \u2192 \u63a5\u6536\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 FIN \u2192 \u53d1\u9001 ACK，\u5b8c\u6210 4 \u6b21\u6325\u624b；<\/li>\n
- \u751a\u81f3\u8fde \u201c\u91cd\u4f20\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236\u201d \u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282，LWIP \u4e5f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. \u770b LWIP \u6e90\u7801\u91cc\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91（\u4e0d\u7528\u6539，\u4e86\u89e3\u5373\u53ef）<\/h5>\n
\u5728 LWIP \u7684 tcp.c \u4e2d，\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u673a\u5904\u7406\u63e1\u624b \/ \u6325\u624b：<\/p>\n
\/\/ LWIP \u5185\u90e8 TCP \u72b6\u6001\u673a（\u7b80\u5316\u7248）
\nswitch (pcb->state) {
\n case CLOSED:
\n \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001
\n break;
\n case SYN_SENT:
\n \/\/ \u53d1\u9001 SYN \u540e，\u7b49\u5f85 SYN+ACK（\u63e1\u624b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65）
\n break;
\n case ESTABLISHED:
\n \/\/ \u8fde\u63a5\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb，\u53ef\u6536\u53d1\u6570\u636e
\n break;
\n case FIN_WAIT_1:
\n \/\/ \u53d1\u9001 FIN \u540e，\u7b49\u5f85 ACK（\u6325\u624b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65）
\n break;
\n \/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u72b6\u6001…
\n}<\/p>\n\u56db\u3001\u65b0\u624b\u5173\u952e\u8ba4\u77e5<\/h4>\n
- 3 \u6b21\u63e1\u624b \/ 4 \u6b21\u6325\u624b\u662f TCP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u89c4\u5219，\u4e0d\u662f LWIP \u72ec\u521b\u7684，\u6240\u6709 TCP \u901a\u4fe1\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5b88；<\/li>\n
- LWIP \u4f5c\u4e3a TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u6808，\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u4e86\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91，\u4f60\u8c03\u7528 API \u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1；<\/li>\n
- \u4f60\u552f\u4e00\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7684：\u8c03\u7528 tcp_connect() \u540e，\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u786e\u8ba4 \u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5426\u5efa\u7acb\u6210\u529f\u201d；\u8c03\u7528 tcp_close() \u540e，\u786e\u8ba4 \u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5426\u65ad\u5f00\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
- 3 \u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u662f TCP \u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6d41\u7a0b，4 \u6b21\u6325\u624b\u662f TCP \u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6d41\u7a0b；<\/li>\n
- \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d41\u7a0b\u5c5e\u4e8e TCP \u534f\u8bae\u672c\u8eab，LWIP \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u5957\u903b\u8f91，\u4f60\u8c03\u7528 LWIP \u7684 TCP API \u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c；<\/li>\n
- \u4f60\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6，\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8 \u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f \/ \u65ad\u5f00\u201d \u7684\u7ed3\u679c，\u4e0d\u7528\u5199\u4efb\u4f55\u63e1\u624b \/ \u6325\u624b\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4：3 \u6b21\u63e1\u624b \/ 4 \u6b21\u6325\u624b\u662f TCP \u7684 \u201c\u89c4\u77e9\u201d，LWIP \u662f\u5e2e\u4f60\u6309\u89c4\u77e9\u529e\u4e8b\u7684 \u201c\u52a9\u624b\u201d，\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u544a\u8bc9\u52a9\u624b \u201c\u6211\u8981\u8fde\u8c01\u201d\u201c\u6211\u8981\u65ad\u5f00\u201d，\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u89c4\u77e9\u5b83\u6765\u5b88\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u4f60\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6b63\u597d\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u6253\u901a \u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u5206\u5c42\u201d \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91，\u5f7b\u5e95\u641e\u61c2 TCP \u6240\u5904\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb！\u5148\u7ed9\u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba：<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h4>\n
\u2705 TCP \u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u5e95\u5c42！\u5b83\u5c5e\u4e8e \u201c\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u201d，\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u4e2d\u5904\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42；\u2705 \u9664\u4e86 TCP，\u8fd8\u6709 UDP（\u540c\u5c5e\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42），\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684 IP\u3001\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5c42，\u548c\u66f4\u4e0a\u5c42\u7684 HTTP\u3001MQTT \u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u7528 \u201c\u5feb\u9012\u201d \u6bd4\u55bb，\u770b\u61c2\u5b8c\u6574\u534f\u8bae\u5206\u5c42（\u4ece\u4e0a\u5c42\u5230\u4e0b\u5c42）<\/h4>\n
\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f TCP\/IP \u4e94\u5c42\u6a21\u578b（\u6bd4\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u6613\u7406\u89e3），TCP \u53ea\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u5c42，\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u90fd\u6709\u660e\u786e\u5206\u5de5：<\/p>\n
\n
\u534f\u8bae\u5c42\u6838\u5fc3\u534f\u8bae \/ \u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u6bd4（\u5feb\u9012）\u5bf9\u5e94 LWIP \u6a21\u5757<\/tr>\n \n\n \u5e94\u7528\u5c42<\/td>\n HTTP\u3001MQTT\u3001Modbus-TCP\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u534f\u8bae<\/td>\n \u4f60\u8981\u5bc4\u7684 \u201c\u8d27\u7269\u201d（\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e）<\/td>\n LWIP\/apps（\u53ef\u9009）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u4f20\u8f93\u5c42<\/td>\n TCP\u3001UDP<\/td>\n \u5feb\u9012\u5355（\u6807\u6ce8\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u3001\u4fdd\u4ef7\u7b49）<\/td>\n LWIP\/src\/core\/tcp.c\/udp.c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42<\/td>\n IP\u3001ICMP（ping）<\/td>\n \u7269\u6d41\u8def\u7ebf（\u4ece\u5317\u4eac\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77）<\/td>\n LWIP\/src\/core\/ip.c\/icmp.c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42<\/td>\n \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27（MAC \u5730\u5740）<\/td>\n \u5feb\u9012\u8d27\u8f66（\u540c\u57ce\u8fd0\u8f93）<\/td>\n MCU \u5185\u7f6e MAC \u786c\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u7269\u7406\u5c42<\/td>\n \u7535\u4fe1\u53f7 \/ \u5149\u4fe1\u53f7（\u7f51\u7ebf \/ \u5149\u7ea4）<\/td>\n \u516c\u8def \/ \u5149\u7ea4\u7ebf\u8def<\/td>\n PHY \u82af\u7247 + \u7f51\u7ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u5173\u952e\u8bf4\u660e：<\/h5>\n
- TCP \u5c5e\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42：\u8d1f\u8d23 \u201c\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u201d（\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e22\u3001\u6709\u5e8f），\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u53d1 1,2,3，\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e00\u5b9a\u6536\u5230 1,2,3，\u4e22\u5305\u4f1a\u91cd\u4f20；<\/li>\n
- UDP \u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42：\u8d1f\u8d23 \u201c\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u201d（\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb），\u6bd4\u5982\u53d1 1,2,3，\u5bf9\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u6536\u5230 1,3 \u6216\u6536\u4e0d\u5230，\u9002\u5408\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f（\u5982\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6570\u636e\u3001\u97f3\u89c6\u9891）；<\/li>\n
- \u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5c42：\u5c31\u662f\u7f51\u7ebf\u91cc\u7684\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u3001PHY \u82af\u7247\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7，\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u5c42\u9762；<\/li>\n
- TCP \u4f9d\u8d56\u66f4\u4f4e\u5c42\u7684\u534f\u8bae：TCP \u6570\u636e\u5305\u5fc5\u987b\u6253\u5305\u8fdb IP \u5305，IP \u5305\u518d\u6253\u5305\u8fdb\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27，\u6700\u7ec8\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u4f20\u8f93 \u2014\u2014 \u6ca1\u6709\u5e95\u5c42\u7684 IP\u3001\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5c42，TCP \u5c31\u662f \u201c\u7a7a\u4e2d\u697c\u9601\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6570\u636e\u6253\u5305 \/ \u89e3\u6790\u6d41\u7a0b（\u4ee5 TCP \u53d1\u9001 \u201chello\u201d \u4e3a\u4f8b）<\/h4>\n
\u4f60\u5199\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u4ece\u4e0a\u5c42\u5230\u4e0b\u5c42\u9010\u5c42\u6253\u5305，\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u518d\u53cd\u5411\u89e3\u6790，TCP \u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u6b65：<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801："hello"（\u5e94\u7528\u5c42）
\n \u2193
\nTCP \u5c42：\u7ed9"hello"\u52a0 TCP \u5934（\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7）\u2192 TCP \u5305
\n \u2193
\nIP \u5c42：\u7ed9 TCP \u5305\u52a0 IP \u5934（\u6e90 IP\u3001\u76ee\u7684 IP）\u2192 IP \u5305
\n \u2193
\n\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42（MAC）：\u7ed9 IP \u5305\u52a0\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u5934（\u6e90 MAC\u3001\u76ee\u7684 MAC）\u2192 \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27
\n \u2193
\n\u7269\u7406\u5c42（PHY）：\u628a\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u7f51\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7 \u2192 \u53d1\u9001<\/p>\n\u56db\u3001\u9664\u4e86 TCP，\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae（\u6309\u5206\u5c42\u6574\u7406）<\/h4>\n
1. \u540c\u5c42（\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42）：UDP<\/h5>\n
- \n
- \u7279\u70b9：\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u3001\u5f00\u9500\u5c0f；<\/li>\n
- \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f：\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u62a5\u3001\u5e7f\u64ad \/ \u7ec4\u64ad\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u63a7\u5236（\u5982\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u9065\u63a7）；<\/li>\n
- LWIP \u652f\u6301：\u53ea\u9700\u5728 lwipopts.h \u4e2d\u5f00 LWIP_UDP=1 \u5373\u53ef\u8c03\u7528 API\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2. \u4e0b\u5c42（\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42）：IP\u3001ICMP<\/h5>\n
- \n
- IP：\u6240\u6709 TCP\/UDP \u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7 IP \u4f20\u8f93，\u8d1f\u8d23 \u201c\u8de8\u7f51\u6bb5\u5bfb\u5740\u201d（\u6bd4\u5982\u4ece 192.168.1.100 \u5230 192.168.2.200）；<\/li>\n
- ICMP：ping \u57fa\u4e8e ICMP，\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u901a\u6027，LWIP \u5f00 LWIP_ICMP=1 \u5c31\u80fd\u54cd\u5e94 ping\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. \u4e0b\u5c42（\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42）：ARP<\/h5>\n
- \n
- \u4f5c\u7528：\u628a IP \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u6210 MAC \u5730\u5740（\u6bd4\u5982\u77e5\u9053 192.168.1.1 \u7684 IP，\u901a\u8fc7 ARP \u67e5\u5b83\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740）；<\/li>\n
- LWIP \u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406：\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u5199\u4ee3\u7801，LWIP \u4f1a\u7ef4\u62a4 ARP \u7f13\u5b58\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. \u4e0a\u5c42（\u5e94\u7528\u5c42）：\u5e38\u7528\u534f\u8bae（\u57fa\u4e8e TCP\/UDP）<\/h5>\n
\n
\u534f\u8bae\u57fa\u4e8e\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u793a\u4f8b<\/tr>\n \n\n HTTP<\/td>\n TCP<\/td>\n \u7f51\u9875\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907\u914d\u7f51<\/td>\n \u5355\u7247\u673a\u505a HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u624b\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n MQTT<\/td>\n TCP<\/td>\n \u7269\u8054\u7f51\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u62a5（\u4f4e\u529f\u8017）<\/td>\n \u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u963f\u91cc\u4e91 \/ \u817e\u8baf\u4e91<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Modbus-TCP<\/td>\n TCP<\/td>\n \u5de5\u4e1a\u63a7\u5236（PLC \/ \u4eea\u8868\u901a\u4fe1）<\/td>\n \u8bfb\u53d6\u53d8\u9891\u5668\u53c2\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n DNS<\/td>\n UDP<\/td>\n \u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790（\u6bd4\u5982\u89e3\u6790\u767e\u5ea6 IP）<\/td>\n LWIP \u5f00 LWIP_DNS=1 \u5373\u53ef\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n DHCP<\/td>\n UDP<\/td>\n \u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6 IP \u5730\u5740<\/td>\n \u4e0d\u7528\u624b\u52a8\u914d IP，\u63d2\u4e0a\u7f51\u7ebf\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u4e94\u3001\u65b0\u624b\u5173\u952e\u8ba4\u77e5<\/h4>\n
- TCP \u4e0d\u662f\u5e95\u5c42：\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5c42（\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7 \/ \u7f51\u7ebf），TCP \u4f9d\u8d56 IP\u3001\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u624d\u80fd\u4f20\u8f93；<\/li>\n
- TCP vs UDP \u600e\u4e48\u9009：\n
- \n
- \u8981\u53ef\u9760（\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e22\u3001\u6709\u5e8f）\u2192 \u9009 TCP（\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u6307\u4ee4）；<\/li>\n
- \u8981\u5feb \/ \u5b9e\u65f6（\u5141\u8bb8\u5c11\u91cf\u4e22\u5305）\u2192 \u9009 UDP（\u5982\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6570\u636e\u3001\u97f3\u89c6\u9891）；<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- LWIP \u8986\u76d6\u7684\u8303\u56f4：LWIP \u4e3b\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0 \u201c\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42（TCP\/UDP）+ \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42（IP\/ICMP）\u201d，\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae（HTTP\/MQTT）\u53ef\u57fa\u4e8e LWIP \u6269\u5c55，\u7269\u7406\u5c42 \/ \u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u7531 MAC\/PHY \u786c\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
- TCP \u5c5e\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42，\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u5e95\u5c42，\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5c42（\u7f51\u7ebf \/ PHY \u7535\u4fe1\u53f7）；<\/li>\n
- \u9664\u4e86 TCP，\u6838\u5fc3\u534f\u8bae\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec UDP（\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42）\u3001IP\/ICMP（\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42）\u3001ARP \/ \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5e27（\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42），\u4ee5\u53ca HTTP\/MQTT \u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae；<\/li>\n
- \u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，LWIP \u5e2e\u4f60\u641e\u5b9a TCP\/UDP\/IP \u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91，\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u5173\u6ce8\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u534f\u8bae（\u6bd4\u5982\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f，\u6216\u7528 MQTT \u4e0a\u62a5\u6570\u636e）\u3002<\/li>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4：TCP \u662f \u201c\u53ef\u9760\u5feb\u9012\u5458\u201d，UDP \u662f \u201c\u5feb\u901f\u5feb\u9012\u5458\u201d，IP \u662f \u201c\u7269\u6d41\u89c4\u5212\u5e08\u201d，MAC\/PHY \u662f \u201c\u8d27\u8f66\u548c\u516c\u8def\u201d，\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u544a\u8bc9 \u201c\u5feb\u9012\u5458\u201d \u8981\u5bc4\u4ec0\u4e48\u8d27（\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6570\u636e），\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93\u73af\u8282\u7531\u5e95\u5c42\u534f\u8bae \/ \u786c\u4ef6\u641e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u5f20\u6781\u7b80\u6e05\u6670\u8868\u683c，\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u61c2\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u7528\u9014\u3001\u5e95\u5c42\u534f\u8bae：<\/p>\n
\n
\u534f\u8bae\u4f5c\u7528\u573a\u666f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u5c42<\/tr>\n \n\n HTTP<\/td>\n \u7f51\u9875 \/ \u63a5\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1，\u4e00\u95ee\u4e00\u7b54<\/td>\n \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001APP\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u914d\u7f51\u3001\u7f51\u9875\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n TCP<\/td>\n \u5e94\u7528\u5c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n MQTT<\/td>\n \u7269\u8054\u7f51\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u62a5（\u53d1\u5e03 \/ \u8ba2\u9605）<\/td>\n \u4f20\u611f\u5668\u4e0a\u4e91\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n TCP<\/td>\n \u5e94\u7528\u5c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Modbus-TCP<\/td>\n \u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u4fe1（PLC\u3001\u4eea\u8868\u3001\u53d8\u9891\u5668）<\/td>\n \u5de5\u4e1a\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u5355\u7247\u673a\u8fde PLC<\/td>\n TCP<\/td>\n \u5e94\u7528\u5c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n DNS<\/td>\n \u57df\u540d \u2192 IP \u89e3\u6790<\/td>\n \u8f93\u5165\u7f51\u5740\u81ea\u52a8\u627e\u5230 IP<\/td>\n UDP\/TCP<\/td>\n \u5e94\u7528\u5c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n DHCP<\/td>\n \u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6 IP \u5730\u5740<\/td>\n \u63d2\u4e0a\u7f51\u7ebf\u81ea\u52a8\u6709 IP<\/td>\n UDP<\/td>\n \u5e94\u7528\u5c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u603b\u5173\u7cfb<\/h4>\n
HTTP \/ MQTT \/ Modbus-TCP \/ DNS \/ DHCP\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u5c42，\u90fd\u8dd1\u5728 TCP\/UDP \u4e4b\u4e0a，\u90fd\u7531 LWIP \u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u6700\u7ec8\u5305\u542b\u5173\u7cfb（\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b：\u5927 \u2192 \u5c0f）<\/h2>\n
\u30101. \u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u3011
\n \u2193 \u5305\u542b
\n\u30102. TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u3011（LWIP \u5c31\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83）
\n \u2193 \u5305\u542b
\n\u30103. TCP \u534f\u8bae\u3011（\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u30013\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\/4\u6b21\u6325\u624b）
\n \u2193 \u4f9d\u8d56（\u4e0d\u662f\u5305\u542b）
\n\u30104. IP \u534f\u8bae\u3011（\u8d1f\u8d23\u627e\u8bbe\u5907：IP \u5730\u5740）
\n \u2193 \u4f9d\u8d56（\u4e0d\u662f\u5305\u542b）
\n\u30105. \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u3011（\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u786c\u4ef6\u901a\u8def）
\n \u5305\u542b：MAC\u3001PHY\u3001RGMII\u3001MDIO\/MDC\u3001\u7f51\u7ebf\u3001\u7f51\u53e3<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"PHY \u662f\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u82af\u7247，MAC \u662f\u4ecb\u8d28\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5c42，\u4e24\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u30021. \u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u5206\u6e05：MAC vs PHYMAC：\u7ba1 \u201c\u6570\u636e\u600e\u4e48\u6253\u5305\u3001\u53d1\u7ed9\u8c01\u201d（\u6570\u5b57\u903b\u8f91，\u7eaf\u6570\u5b57\u7535\u8def）PHY：\u7ba1 \u201c\u600e\u4e48\u628a\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u6210\u7f51\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u201d（\u6a21\u62df \u6570\u5b57，\u5fc5\u987b\u5916\u63a5\u82af\u7247）\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5173\u7cfb：MCU \/ CPU \u2192 MAC \u2192 MII\/RMII\/RGMII<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":80120,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[4811,970,4281,270,269],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-80121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-diy","tag-tcp","tag-4281","tag-270","tag-269"],"yoast_head":"\n
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