{"id":79786,"date":"2026-03-03T07:34:45","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T23:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/79786.html"},"modified":"2026-03-03T07:34:45","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T23:34:45","slug":"%e5%85%89%e4%bc%8f%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e9%81%bf%e5%9d%91%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e7%94%a8pvlib%e5%af%b9%e6%af%94%e5%8f%8c%e9%9d%a2vs%e5%8d%95%e9%9d%a2%e7%bb%84%e4%bb%b6%e5%9c%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/79786.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5149\u4f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u7528pvlib\u5bf9\u6bd4\u53cc\u9762vs\u5355\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5b89\u88c5\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u53d1\u7535\u5dee\u5f02"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u5149\u4f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u6218&#xff1a;\u7528pvlib\u91cf\u5316\u53cc\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5b89\u88c5\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u5dee\u5f02<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u5149\u4f0f\u7535\u7ad9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9047\u5230\u53cc\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u9009\u578b\u51b3\u7b56\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4eec\u5e38\u9677\u5165\u4e24\u96be\u2014\u2014\u80cc\u9762\u53d1\u7535\u589e\u76ca\u7a76\u7adf\u80fd\u5426\u62b5\u6d88\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6210\u672c\u6295\u5165&#xff1f;\u53bb\u5e74\u5728\u9752\u6d77\u67d020MW\u7535\u7ad9\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bc4\u5ba1\u4f1a\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u6211\u76ee\u7779\u4e86\u8bbe\u8ba1\u56e2\u961f\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e89\u8bba\u4e0d\u4f11&#xff1a;\u6709\u4eba\u575a\u6301\u4f20\u7edf\u5355\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u66f4\u7a33\u59a5&#xff0c;\u6709\u4eba\u5219\u5f15\u7528\u56fd\u5916\u6848\u4f8b\u8bc1\u660e\u53cc\u9762\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u63d0\u534715%\u6536\u76ca\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u8def\u7ebf\u4e4b\u4e89&#xff0c;\u5176\u5b9e\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pvlib\u7684Bifacial modeling\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5316\u51b3\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u53cc\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u53d1\u7535\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u53cc\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u5355\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u80cc\u9762\u5149\u7535\u8f6c\u6362\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5f53\u9633\u5149\u7a7f\u8fc7\u7ec4\u4ef6\u95f4\u9699\u6216\u88ab\u5730\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u540e&#xff0c;\u80cc\u9762\u7535\u6c60\u53ef\u6355\u83b7\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u989d\u5916\u5149\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u589e\u76ca\u6548\u679c\u53d7\u4e09\u5927\u7269\u7406\u53d8\u91cf\u63a7\u5236&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5730\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u7387&#xff08;Albedo&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u96ea\u5730\u53ef\u8fbe0.85&#xff0c;\u8349\u5730\u7ea60.25&#xff0c;\u666e\u901a\u6c34\u6ce5\u5730\u97620.35<\/li>\n<li>\u9635\u5217\u95f4\u8ddd&#xff08;Ground Coverage Ratio, GCR&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5178\u578b\u503c0.3-0.5&#xff0c;\u95f4\u8ddd\u8d8a\u5927\u80cc\u9762\u53d7\u5149\u8d8a\u5145\u5206<\/li>\n<li>\u7ec4\u4ef6\u503e\u89d2&#xff08;Tilt Angle&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u6b63\u9762\/\u80cc\u9762\u53d7\u5149\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p># \u5178\u578b\u5730\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u53c2\u8003\u503c<br \/>\nalbedo_mapping &#061; {<br \/>\n    &#039;fresh_snow&#039;: 0.85,<br \/>\n    &#039;dry_sand&#039;: 0.4,<br \/>\n    &#039;green_grass&#039;: 0.25,<br \/>\n    &#039;concrete&#039;: 0.35,<br \/>\n    &#039;asphalt&#039;: 0.1<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u6c99\u6f20\u7535\u7ad9\u867d\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6c99\u5c18\u8986\u76d6\u4f1a\u5feb\u901f\u964d\u4f4e\u5b9e\u9645albedo\u503c&#xff0c;\u9700\u5b9a\u671f\u6e05\u6d17\u7ef4\u62a4<\/p>\n<h3>2. pvlib\u53cc\u9762\u5efa\u6a21\u5b9e\u6218\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<h4>2.1 \u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u5305\u542b\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u6c14\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u5b81\u590f\u67d0\u5149\u4f0f\u7535\u7ad9\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8bbe\u7f6e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>import pvlib<br \/>\nfrom pvlib.location import Location<br \/>\nimport pandas as pd<\/p>\n<p># \u7535\u7ad9\u57fa\u7840\u53c2\u6570<br \/>\nsite &#061; Location(<br \/>\n    latitude&#061;37.5,<br \/>\n    longitude&#061;105.2,<br \/>\n    tz&#061;&#039;Asia\/Shanghai&#039;,<br \/>\n    altitude&#061;1200<br \/>\n)<\/p>\n<p># \u83b7\u53d6\u5178\u578b\u6c14\u8c61\u5e74\u6570\u636e<br \/>\ntmy_data &#061; pvlib.iotools.read_tmy3(&#039;CHN_Ningxia.TMY&#039;)<br \/>\nweather &#061; tmy_data[0]<\/p>\n<h4>2.2 \u53cc\u9762\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h4>\n<p>pvlib\u7684bifacial.pvfactors\u6a21\u5757\u91c7\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\u56e0\u5b50\u7b97\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u80cc\u9762\u8f90\u7167\u5ea6\u3002\u5b8c\u6574\u5efa\u6a21\u6d41\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53cc\u9762\u7cfb\u7edf\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n<li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u592a\u9633\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u5929\u7a7a\u6269\u6563\u8f90\u5c04<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884cpvfactors\u65f6\u5e8f\u6a21\u62df<\/li>\n<li>\u6c47\u603b\u6b63\u80cc\u9762\u53d1\u7535\u91cf<\/li>\n<p>from pvlib.bifacial import pvfactors<\/p>\n<p># \u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e<br \/>\nsystem &#061; {<br \/>\n    &#039;surface_tilt&#039;: 30,<br \/>\n    &#039;surface_azimuth&#039;: 180,<br \/>\n    &#039;gcr&#039;: 0.4,<br \/>\n    &#039;albedo&#039;: 0.5,<br \/>\n    &#039;module_length&#039;: 2.0,<br \/>\n    &#039;module_width&#039;: 1.0<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p># \u8fd0\u884c\u53cc\u9762\u6a21\u62df<br \/>\nbifacial_irrad &#061; pvfactors.pvfactors_timeseries(<br \/>\n    solar_azimuth&#061;solar_pos.azimuth,<br \/>\n    solar_zenith&#061;solar_pos.apparent_zenith,<br \/>\n    surface_azimuth&#061;system[&#039;surface_azimuth&#039;],<br \/>\n    surface_tilt&#061;system[&#039;surface_tilt&#039;],<br \/>\n    gcr&#061;system[&#039;gcr&#039;],<br \/>\n    albedo&#061;system[&#039;albedo&#039;],<br \/>\n    dni&#061;weather[&#039;dni&#039;],<br \/>\n    dhi&#061;weather[&#039;dhi&#039;]<br \/>\n)<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u654f\u611f\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n<h4>3.1 \u5730\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u53d8\u91cf\u6cd5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u9762\u6750\u8d28\u4e0b\u7684\u53d1\u7535\u589e\u76ca&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5730\u9762\u7c7b\u578b\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u5e74\u53d1\u7535\u91cf(kWh\/kW)\u589e\u76ca\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5355\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>1582<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u65b0\u96ea<\/td>\n<td>0.85<\/td>\n<td>1921<\/td>\n<td>21.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5e72\u6c99<\/td>\n<td>0.4<\/td>\n<td>1753<\/td>\n<td>10.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6df7\u51dd\u571f<\/td>\n<td>0.35<\/td>\n<td>1728<\/td>\n<td>9.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6ca5\u9752<\/td>\n<td>0.1<\/td>\n<td>1635<\/td>\n<td>3.3%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>3.2 \u503e\u89d2\u4f18\u5316\u66f2\u7ebf<\/h4>\n<p>\u56fa\u5b9aGCR&#061;0.4\u3001albedo&#061;0.3\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u503e\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u53d8\u5316\u5448\u73b0\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7279\u5f81&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># \u503e\u89d2\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<br \/>\ntilt_range &#061; range(10, 50, 5)<br \/>\nresults &#061; []<br \/>\nfor tilt in tilt_range:<br \/>\n    bifacial_irrad &#061; pvfactors.pvfactors_timeseries(<br \/>\n        surface_tilt&#061;tilt,<br \/>\n        &#8230; # \u5176\u4ed6\u53c2\u6570<br \/>\n    )<br \/>\n    results.append(calc_annual_yield(bifacial_irrad))<\/p>\n<p># \u7ed8\u5236\u6700\u4f18\u503e\u89d2\u66f2\u7ebf<br \/>\nplt.plot(tilt_range, results)<br \/>\nplt.xlabel(&#039;Tilt Angle (deg)&#039;)<br \/>\nplt.ylabel(&#039;Annual Yield (kWh\/kW)&#039;)<\/p>\n<p>\u5178\u578b\u89c4\u5f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f4e\u7eac\u5ea6\u5730\u533a&#xff1a;\u6700\u4f73\u503e\u89d225-30\u00b0<\/li>\n<li>\u9ad8\u7eac\u5ea6\u5730\u533a&#xff1a;\u6700\u4f73\u503e\u89d235-40\u00b0<\/li>\n<li>\u53cc\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6700\u4f18\u503e\u89d2\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u5355\u9762\u4f4e5-10\u00b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4. \u7279\u6b8a\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565<\/h3>\n<h4>4.1 \u96ea\u5730\u7535\u7ad9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8981\u70b9<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u51ac\u5b63\u4f18\u52bf&#xff1a;\u79ef\u96ea\u53cd\u5c04\u53ef\u4f7f\u53d1\u7535\u91cf\u63d0\u534730%&#043;<\/li>\n<li>\u590f\u5b63\u6311\u6218&#xff1a;\u9700\u8003\u8651\u878d\u96ea\u540e\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u9aa4\u964d<\/li>\n<li>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>\u91c7\u7528\u53ef\u8c03\u652f\u67b6&#xff0c;\u51ac\u5b63\u589e\u5927\u503e\u89d2\u5229\u7528\u79ef\u96ea<\/li>\n<li>\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6700\u4f4e\u79bb\u5730\u9ad8\u5ea6\u22651m\u9632\u6b62\u79ef\u96ea\u8986\u76d6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4.2 \u6c99\u6f20\u7535\u7ad9\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5efa\u8bae<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6c99\u5c18\u5f71\u54cd&#xff1a;\u6bcf\u6708\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u8870\u51cf\u7ea615%<\/li>\n<li>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6e05\u6d17\u5468\u671f&#xff1a;\u5f53\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u4f4e\u4e8e0.25\u65f6\u9700\u6e05\u6d17<\/li>\n<li>\u7ec4\u4ef6\u95f4\u8ddd&#xff1a;\u5efa\u8baeGCR\u22640.35\u907f\u514d\u80cc\u9762\u79ef\u5c18<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u63d0\u793a&#xff1a;\u53cc\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5728\u6c99\u5c18\u73af\u5883\u9700\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u80cc\u9762\u73bb\u7483\u7684\u8010\u78e8\u635f\u6027\u80fd<\/p>\n<h3>5. \u6295\u8d44\u56de\u62a5\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<p>\u51b3\u7b56\u53cc\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u503c\u5f97\u6295\u5165&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u6574\u7684LCOE&#xff08;\u5e73\u51c6\u5316\u5ea6\u7535\u6210\u672c&#xff09;\u6a21\u578b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u589e\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u5206\u6790&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4ef7\u683c\u5dee\u5f02&#xff1a;\u53cc\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6ea2\u4ef7&#xffe5;0.3-0.5\/W<\/li>\n<li>\u652f\u67b6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u6574&#xff1a;\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5f3a\u7ed3\u6784<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6536\u76ca\u6d4b\u7b97&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>def calculate_roi(bifacial_gain, cost_premium):<br \/>\n    extra_yield &#061; base_yield * bifacial_gain<br \/>\n    annual_income &#061; extra_yield * electricity_price<br \/>\n    payback_years &#061; cost_premium \/ annual_income<br \/>\n    return 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