{"id":78372,"date":"2026-02-27T11:05:55","date_gmt":"2026-02-27T03:05:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/78372.html"},"modified":"2026-02-27T11:05:55","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T03:05:55","slug":"%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3-mysql%ef%bc%9amvcc-%e4%bb%8e%e7%89%88%e6%9c%ac%e9%93%be%e5%88%b0%e4%ba%8b%e5%8a%a1%e9%9a%94%e7%a6%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/78372.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 MySQL\uff1aMVCC - \u4ece\u7248\u672c\u94fe\u5230\u4e8b\u52a1\u9694\u79bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f80\u671f\u535a\u5ba2<\/h2>\n

\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 MySQL \u7d22\u5f15：\u4ece B+ \u6811\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0b\u63a8 \u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 MySQL \u9501：\u4ece\u5168\u5c40\u9501\u5230\u6b7b\u9501\u68c0\u6d4b<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6ca1\u6709 MVCC \u7684\u8fdc\u53e4\u65f6\u4ee3，\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027，\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u9760\u9501\u673a\u5236：\u8bfb\u8bfb\u4e0d\u4e92\u65a5，\u4f46\u8bfb\u5199\u3001\u5199\u5199\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e92\u65a5\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740，\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5f20 1.6 \u4ebf\u884c\u7684\u5927\u8868\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u62a5\u8868\u67e5\u8be2，\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

MVCC（\u591a\u7248\u672c\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236）\u7684\u51fa\u73b0，\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0"\u8bfb\u5199\u4e0d\u4e92\u65a5"\u3002 \u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u5f88\u7b80\u5355：\u4f60\u6539\u4f60\u7684，\u6211\u8bfb\u6211\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

MVCC \u7684\u4e24\u5927\u5e55\u540e\u529f\u81e3<\/h3>\n

\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0"\u8bfb\u4e0d\u963b\u585e\u5199"，MySQL \u5e76\u4e0d\u771f\u7684\u53bb\u590d\u5236\u6574\u5f20\u8868，\u800c\u662f\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u673a\u5236：\u9690\u85cf\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c Undo Log\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9690\u85cf\u5b57\u6bb5：\u6bcf\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u724c<\/h4>\n

\u5f53\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u65f6，InnoDB \u4f1a\u5077\u5077\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u52a0\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e2a\u9690\u85cf\u5217：<\/p>\n\n\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
DB_TRX_ID<\/td>\n\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u8be5\u884c\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1 ID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DB_ROLL_PTR<\/td>\n\u56de\u6eda\u6307\u9488，\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u884c\u7684"\u524d\u4e16"（\u5b58\u5728 Undo Log \u4e2d）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DB_ROW_ID<\/td>\n\u9690\u85cf\u4e3b\u952e（\u4ec5\u5f53\u8868\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u952e\u65f6\u5b58\u5728）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Undo Log：\u6570\u636e\u7684\u540e\u6094\u836f\u4e0e\u65f6\u5149\u673a<\/h4>\n

\u6bcf\u5f53\u4f60\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e，InnoDB \u7684\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f：<\/p>\n

  • \u628a\u65e7\u503c\u5199\u8fdb Undo Log<\/li>\n
  • \u8ba9\u5f53\u524d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684 DB_ROLL_PTR \u6307\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a Undo Log<\/li>\n

    \u8fd9\u6837，\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u7248\u672c\u94fe\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe，\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u52a1\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u5b83"\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230"\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

    Read View：\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f60\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u7248\u672c<\/h3>\n

    \u6709\u4e86\u7248\u672c\u94fe，\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u662f：\u6211\u8be5\u770b\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c？\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f Read View（\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u89c6\u56fe） \u7684\u804c\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n

    Read View \u5305\u542b\u56db\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u4fe1\u606f：<\/p>\n\n\u5b57\u6bb5\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    m_ids<\/td>\n\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u6d3b\u8dc3（\u672a\u63d0\u4ea4）\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1 ID \u5217\u8868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    min_trx_id<\/td>\nm_ids \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    max_trx_id<\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u51c6\u5907\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684 ID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    creator_trx_id<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u8be5 Read View \u7684\u4e8b\u52a1 ID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u5224\u65ad\u903b\u8f91<\/h4>\n

    \u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u67d0\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6，\u4f1a\u62ff\u7740\u8be5\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684 DB_TRX_ID \u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\u5224\u65ad：<\/p>\n

  • trx_id == creator_trx_id：\u81ea\u5df1\u6539\u7684，\u53ef\u89c1<\/li>\n
  • trx_id < min_trx_id：\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5feb\u7167\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4，\u53ef\u89c1<\/li>\n
  • trx_id >= max_trx_id：\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5feb\u7167\u540e\u624d\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1，\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1<\/li>\n
  • min_trx_id <= trx_id < max_trx_id：\n
      \n
    • \u5728 m_ids \u4e2d \u2192 \u8fd8\u6ca1\u63d0\u4ea4，\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1<\/li>\n
    • \u4e0d\u5728 m_ids \u4e2d \u2192 \u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4，\u53ef\u89c1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n

      \u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1，\u5c31\u987a\u7740 DB_ROLL_PTR \u5f80\u7248\u672c\u94fe\u4e0a\u56de\u6eaf，\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4e8b\u52a1\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b<\/h3>\n

      \u5e76\u53d1\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u95ee\u9898<\/h4>\n

      \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u5c31\u50cf\u591a\u4e2a\u4eba\u540c\u65f6\u7f16\u8f91\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863，\u4e0d\u52a0\u63a7\u5236\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u95ee\u9898：<\/p>\n\n\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
      \u810f\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u52a1\u672a\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u65b9\u56de\u6eda，\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f"\u5047\u6570\u636e"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u4e0d\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u540c\u4e00\u4e8b\u52a1\u5185\u4e24\u6b21\u8bfb\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u636e，\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u540c（\u4e2d\u95f4\u88ab\u522b\u4eba\u6539\u4e86）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u5e7b\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u540c\u4e00\u4e8b\u52a1\u5185\u4e24\u6b21\u67e5\u540c\u4e00\u8303\u56f4，\u53d1\u73b0\u591a\u4e86\u6216\u5c11\u4e86\u51e0\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      \u56db\u5927\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b<\/h4>\n

      SQL \u6807\u51c6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b，\u7ea7\u522b\u8d8a\u9ad8\u8d8a\u5b89\u5168，\u4f46\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u8d8a\u5dee：<\/p>\n\n\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b\u810f\u8bfb\u4e0d\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u8bfb\u5e7b\u8bfb\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Read Uncommitted<\/td>\n\u274c<\/td>\n\u274c<\/td>\n\u274c<\/td>\n\u88f8\u5954，\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Read Committed (RC)<\/td>\n\u2705<\/td>\n\u274c<\/td>\n\u274c<\/td>\nMVCC：\u6bcf\u6761 SQL \u751f\u6210 Read View<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Repeatable Read (RR)<\/td>\n\u2705<\/td>\n\u2705<\/td>\n\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u51b3<\/td>\nMVCC：\u4e8b\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u751f\u6210 Read View<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Serializable<\/td>\n\u2705<\/td>\n\u2705<\/td>\n\u2705<\/td>\n\u5168\u8868\u52a0\u9501，\u5b8c\u5168\u4e32\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      RC vs RR：Read View \u751f\u6210\u65f6\u673a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/h4>\n

      \u8fd9\u662f MVCC \u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9：<\/p>\n

      RC（Read Committed）：\u6bcf\u6761 SELECT \u90fd\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210 Read View\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e8b\u52a1 B \u5728\u4e2d\u9014\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86，\u4e8b\u52a1 A \u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u67e5\u8be2\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u5230 B \u7684\u4fee\u6539\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f"\u4e0d\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u8bfb"\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

      RR（Repeatable Read）：\u53ea\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761 SELECT \u65f6\u751f\u6210 Read View，\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u671f\u95f4\u590d\u7528\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4e8b\u52a1 B \u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86，\u4e8b\u52a1 A \u7684\u89c6\u91ce\u91cc\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u662f"\u672a\u63d0\u4ea4"\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5c31\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5173\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b<\/h4>\n
        \n
      • Read Uncommitted：\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 MVCC，\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c，\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u810f\u8bfb<\/li>\n
      • Serializable：\u5c06\u6240\u6709 SELECT \u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a SELECT … FOR SHARE，\u4e3b\u8981\u9760\u9501\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b89\u5168<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u9762\u8bd5\u9ad8\u9891\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

        1. MySQL \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48？<\/h4>\n

        Repeatable Read (RR)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e Oracle\u3001PostgreSQL \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528 RC \u4e0d\u540c\u3002MySQL \u575a\u6301\u7528 RR \u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u517c\u5bb9\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4e3b\u4ece\u590d\u5236\u903b\u8f91（Binlog \u683c\u5f0f\u95ee\u9898）\u3002<\/p>\n

        2. RR \u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u5e7b\u8bfb\u5417？<\/h4>\n

        MySQL \u7684 RR \u901a\u8fc7\u95f4\u9699\u9501（Gap Lock） \u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5e7b\u8bfb：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u666e\u901a SELECT \u9760 MVCC \u8ba9\u4f60"\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1"\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n
        • SELECT … FOR UPDATE \u9760\u95f4\u9699\u9501"\u9501\u4f4f"\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u8ba9\u522b\u4eba\u63d2\u4e0d\u8fdb\u6765<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u53ea\u6709\u5728"\u5148\u5feb\u7167\u8bfb，\u518d\u5f53\u524d\u8bfb\u66f4\u65b0"\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u573a\u666f\u4e0b，\u624d\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1 MVCC \u7684\u5f31\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

          3. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u5382\u5f80\u5f80\u628a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ea7\u522b\u6539\u4e3a RC？<\/h4>\n
            \n
          • \u6b7b\u9501\u6982\u7387：RR \u4e0b\u7684\u95f4\u9699\u9501\u6781\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6b7b\u9501\u6982\u7387<\/li>\n
          • \u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd：RC \u6ca1\u6709\u95f4\u9699\u9501，\u4e14\u6709"\u534a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bfb"\u4f18\u5316，\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u66f4\u9ad8<\/li>\n
          • \u4e1a\u52a1\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6：\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e1a\u52a1\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e4e\u90a3\u4e00\u70b9"\u4e0d\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u8bfb"，\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u7b49\u4e1a\u52a1\u624b\u6bb5\u8865\u507f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\u6982\u5ff5\u8981\u70b9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \u9690\u85cf\u5b57\u6bb5<\/td>\nDB_TRX_ID + DB_ROLL_PTR \u6784\u6210\u7248\u672c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u57fa\u7840<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Undo Log<\/td>\n\u5b58\u50a8\u5386\u53f2\u7248\u672c，\u652f\u6491\u56de\u6eda\u548c MVCC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Read View<\/td>\n\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e8b\u52a1\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u7248\u672c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            RC vs RR<\/td>\nRead View \u751f\u6210\u65f6\u673a\u4e0d\u540c，\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u8bfb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u95f4\u9699\u9501<\/td>\nMySQL RR \u7ea7\u522b\u89e3\u51b3\u5e7b\u8bfb\u7684\u5173\u952e\u673a\u5236<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            \u5f80\u671f\u535a\u5ba2 \u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 MySQL \u7d22\u5f15：\u4ece B \u6811\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0b\u63a8 \u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 MySQL \u9501：\u4ece\u5168\u5c40\u9501\u5230\u6b7b\u9501\u68c0\u6d4b \u5728\u6ca1\u6709 MVCC \u7684\u8fdc\u53e4\u65f6\u4ee3，\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027，\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u9760\u9501\u673a\u5236：\u8bfb\u8bfb\u4e0d\u4e92\u65a5，\u4f46\u8bfb\u5199\u3001\u5199\u5199\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e92\u65a5\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740，\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5f20 1.6 \u4ebf\u884c\u7684\u5927\u8868\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u62a5\u8868\u67e5\u8be2，\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002
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