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\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff1a;\u951a\u5b9a\u4e8e\u201c\u4e8b\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u201d\u7684\u8d77\u70b9<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>* \u65b9\u6cd5\u5185\u6db5&#xff1a;\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u8981\u6c42\u60ac\u7f6e&#xff08;\u5b58\u800c\u4e0d\u8bba&#xff09;\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u9884\u8bbe\u4e0e\u6210\u89c1&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u9762\u5411\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u672c\u8eab&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u5b9e\u7684\u3001\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5b83\u5173\u6ce8\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u793e\u7fa4\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6837\u6001\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>* \u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528&#xff1a;\u5168\u4e66&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u81ea\u611f(S)\u201d\u7684\u9610\u53d1\u3001\u5bf9\u201cDOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u201d\u5fae\u89c2\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u5256\u6790&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u201c\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u201d\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u90fd\u6df1\u523b\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u5b83\u62d2\u7edd\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u7ed3\u679c\u6216\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u523b\u753b\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u88ab\u201c\u4f53\u9a8c\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6ce8\u518c\u201d\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u3001\u53ef\u51ed\u4f9d\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u57fa\u5e95\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>2. \u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5206\u6790&#xff1a;\u6df1\u5165\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6210\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u6839\u57fa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>* \u65b9\u6cd5\u5185\u6db5&#xff1a;\u5728\u73b0\u8c61\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5960\u57fa\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u8ffd\u95ee\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u505c\u7559\u4e8e\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u663e\u73b0\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7a76\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u4f55\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5373\u610f\u4e49\u5f97\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>* \u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u662f\u5168\u4e66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u91cd\u91ca\u3001\u5bf9\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u201d\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u3001\u5bf9\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u5373\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u547d\u9898\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1&#xff0c;\u672c\u4e66\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u8bba\u5230\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u7684\u6839\u672c\u8f6c\u5411\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\u4ece\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u8ba4\u8bc6\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u63d0\u5347\u4e3a\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u201d&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u5e94\u5bf9\u5b58\u5728\u88ab\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u5371\u673a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u54f2\u5b66\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6839\u672c\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>3. \u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff1a;\u5728\u591a\u5143\u667a\u6167\u4e2d\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e0e\u4e30\u76c8\u7406\u8bba<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>* \u65b9\u6cd5\u5185\u6db5&#xff1a;\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u52a8\u5c06\u7406\u8bba\u7f6e\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u4e3b\u8981\u6587\u660e\u4f20\u7edf&#xff08;\u5982\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u975e\u6d32\u3001\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e&#xff09;\u7684\u667a\u6167\u89c6\u91ce\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e0e\u4e92\u91ca\u3002\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f18\u52a3&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6253\u7834\u5355\u4e00\u6587\u660e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u5728\u201c\u4ed6\u8005\u201d\u7684\u955c\u9274\u4e2d\u68c0\u9a8c\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6c72\u53d6\u591a\u5143\u517b\u5206\u4f7f\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u66f4\u52a0\u5706\u878d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>* \u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528&#xff1a;\u7b2c\u4e03\u5377\u4e13\u7ae0\u8fdb\u884c\u6b64\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5316\u4e86\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u201c\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027\u6e90\u5934\u201d\u7684\u601d\u8003&#xff1b;\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u5370\u8bc1\u5e76\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u65e0\u6211\u201d\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1&#xff1b;\u4e0e\u975e\u6d32\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u201c\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u7684\u6839\u57fa&#xff1b;\u4e0e\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u878d\u6c47\u4e86\u201c\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u201d\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5c40\u9650&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u5173\u5207\u548c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u6784\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>4. \u5b9e\u8df5\u667a\u6167\u8f6c\u5316&#xff1a;\u7406\u8bba\u843d\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5bfc\u5411<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>* \u65b9\u6cd5\u5185\u6db5&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u5f52\u5bbf&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u8c03\u7406\u8bba\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\u4e2a\u4f53\u4fee\u884c\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u201c\u667a\u6167\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u5173\u6ce8\u7406\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5c3a\u89c4&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u56de\u5e94\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u56f0\u5883&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u53cd\u601d\u4e0e\u8c03\u9002\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>* \u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528&#xff1a;\u7b2c\u516b\u3001\u4e5d\u5377\u96c6\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6c\u5316\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u7ec8\u51dd\u7ed3\u4e3a\u201c\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u76ee\u6807&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e3b\u6743\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4ef7\u503c\u5171\u751f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u6cbb\u7406\u201d\u7b49\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u6307\u5f15\u3002\u8fd9\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5168\u4e66\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u601d\u8fa8\u6e38\u620f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u5b89\u987f\u8eab\u5fc3\u3001\u4e3a\u793e\u7fa4\u6784\u5efa\u826f\u597d\u79e9\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u517c\u5177\u6df1\u523b\u6027\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u7684\u201c\u884c\u52a8\u54f2\u5b66\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\u800c\u8a00&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u56db\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u673a\u6574\u4f53&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>* \u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u63cf\u8ff0\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u53cd\u5bf9\u7a7a\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>* \u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6839\u57fa&#xff0c;\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d45\u8584\u3002<\/p>\n<p>* \u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u62d3\u5c55\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5305\u5bb9\u6027&#xff0c;\u53cd\u5bf9\u72ec\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p>* \u5b9e\u8df5\u667a\u6167\u8f6c\u5316\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6548\u7528\u4e0e\u8d23\u4efb&#xff0c;\u53cd\u5bf9\u7384\u865a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u56db\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u8fdb\u8def&#xff0c;\u672c\u4e66\u6210\u529f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5176\u76ee\u6807&#xff1a;\u65e2\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u8fa8\u7684\u4e25\u8c28\u6027\u4e0e\u6df1\u523b\u6027&#xff0c;\u53c8\u59cb\u7ec8\u9762\u5411\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u655e\u5f00&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e2\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u66f4\u80fd\u5f15\u5bfc\u6539\u53d8\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u601d\u60f3\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377 \u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6839\u57fa&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u9769\u547d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0 \u610f\u4e49\u8d4b\u4e88\u8bba\u7684\u8c31\u7cfb\u6279\u5224<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1.1 \u53e4\u4ee3\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u9636\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u5c1a\u672a\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u5df4\u95e8\u5c3c\u5fb7\u8bf4\u201c\u601d\u7ef4\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u7684\u201d&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684&#xff0c;\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u591f\u628a\u63e1\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u5f52\u4e8e\u201c\u7406\u5ff5\u201d\u2014\u2014\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u672c\u8d28&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u5219\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u4e0e\u201c\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765&#xff0c;\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f7f\u8d28\u6599\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u67d0\u7269\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4f7f\u8be5\u7269\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u5c1a\u672a\u5206\u79bb&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u5373\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u548c\u751f\u6210\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5c31\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u56fa\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u5c01\u95ed\u6027&#xff0c;\u96be\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u65b0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1.2 \u8fd1\u4ee3\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u9636\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u8d4b\u4e88<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u7684\u201c\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728\u201d\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u601d\u7ef4\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5e7f\u5ef6\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u3002\u5eb7\u5fb7\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6df1\u5316\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6c\u5411&#xff1a;\u4eba\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u7acb\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u8303\u7574\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u8d4b\u4e88\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f20\u7edf\u5728\u80e1\u585e\u5c14\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u4e2d\u8fbe\u5230\u9876\u5cf0\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u610f\u5411\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6784\u6210\u7269&#xff0c;\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u603b\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u67d0\u7269\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u3002\u80e1\u585e\u5c14\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u56de\u5230\u4e8b\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u201d\u514b\u670d\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4e8c\u5206&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5176\u201c\u610f\u5411\u6027\u201d\u4ecd\u7136\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u89c6\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u5f52\u4e8e\u4e3b\u4f53&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u5207\u65ad\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u539f\u521d\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u672c\u8eab\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u201d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u540e\u6765\u52a0\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3a\u540e\u6765\u7684\u6280\u672f\u865a\u65e0\u4e3b\u4e49\u57cb\u4e0b\u4e86\u4f0f\u7b14\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u4e16\u754c\u672c\u8eab\u65e0\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4efb\u610f\u8d4b\u4e88&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4efb\u610f\u5265\u593a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1.3 \u5f53\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u8bba\u9636\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u4ea7\u7269<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u8f6c\u5411\u201d\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\u4ece\u610f\u8bc6\u8f6c\u5411\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u65e9\u671f\u5728\u300a\u903b\u8f91\u54f2\u5b66\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u56fe\u753b\u8bba\u201d&#xff0c;\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u63cf\u7ed8&#xff1b;\u540e\u671f\u5219\u5728\u300a\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u4e2d\u8f6c\u5411\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u5373\u7528\u6cd5\u201d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u518d\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u540e\u671f\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb6\u201d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f20\u7edf\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u5b66&#xff08;\u4f3d\u8fbe\u9ed8\u5c14&#xff09;\u3001\u89e3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49&#xff08;\u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe&#xff09;\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4f3d\u8fbe\u9ed8\u5c14\u5f3a\u8c03\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u6027&#xff0c;\u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5ef6\u5f02\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u89e3\u6784\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u5f52\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00&#xff0c;\u4f46\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u6846\u67b6\u201d&#xff1f;\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1f;\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411\u4ecd\u7136\u672a\u80fd\u5f7b\u5e95\u514b\u670d\u4e3b\u4f53\u54f2\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u8bed\u8a00\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u201d&#xff0c;\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1.4 \u4e09\u79cd\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u5171\u540c\u76f2\u70b9\u53ca\u5176\u56f0\u5883<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u89c2\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u79cd\u8303\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u76f2\u70b9&#xff1a;\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u672a\u80fd\u5c06\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7edf\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53e4\u4ee3\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u53ea\u662f\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5076\u6027&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8fd1\u4ee3\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u8d4b\u4e88&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u53ea\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u5916\u5316&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5f53\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u8bba\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u89c6\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6e38\u620f&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u53ea\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u6784\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u76f2\u70b9\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\u957f\u671f\u5c06\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u7684\u6b21\u7ea7\u73b0\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u672c\u4f53&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u73b0\u8c61&#xff1b;\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u672c\u8d28&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u4f46\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7ffb\u8f6c\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1a;\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8868\u73b0&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6839\u672c\u9884\u8bbe\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e09\u91cd\u56f0\u5883&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u56f0\u5883\u4e00&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u5316\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u88ab\u964d\u683c\u4e3a\u201c\u8d28\u6599\u201d\u2014\u2014\u7b49\u5f85\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u88ab\u52a8\u5316\u6b63\u662f\u6280\u672f\u65f6\u4ee3\u201c\u8d44\u6e90\u5316\u201d\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u6839\u6e90&#xff1a;\u81ea\u7136\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u8d44\u6e90\u201d&#xff0c;\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u201d&#xff0c;\u5386\u53f2\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u636e\u8d44\u6e90\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u88ab\u52a8\u5316&#xff0c;\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5c31\u88ab\u906e\u853d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u56f0\u5883\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5316\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u8c01\u6709\u6743\u529b\u8d4b\u4e88\u610f\u4e49&#xff1f;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u906e\u853d&#xff1f;\u610f\u4e49\u8d4b\u4e88\u8bba\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca6\u4e3a\u201c\u5f3a\u6743\u5373\u771f\u7406\u201d\u7684\u8fa9\u62a4\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u5f53\u4ee3\u7b97\u6cd5\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u5371\u673a\u2014\u2014\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63a8\u8350\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u66f4\u5728\u201c\u8d4b\u4e88\u201d\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u6743\u529b\u57fa\u7840\u4ece\u672a\u88ab\u771f\u6b63\u8ffd\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u56f0\u5883\u4e09&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u56fa\u5316\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u65e6\u8d4b\u4e88\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u56fa\u5316\u2014\u2014\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u201d\u201c\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u201d\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8d28\u7591\u7684\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u56fa\u5316\u6b63\u662f\u201c\u609f\u7a7a\u201d\u6240\u8981\u6253\u7834\u7684\u201c\u50f5\u5c40\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u610f\u4e49\u8d4b\u4e88\u8bba\u672c\u8eab\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6253\u7834\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u9884\u8bbe\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0 \u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u7684\u4e94\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u547d\u9898<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u201d\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u6839\u672c\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4e3b\u5f20\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u4e94\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u547d\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>2.1 \u547d\u9898\u4e00&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u540e\u52a0\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u603b\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u201c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u5757\u77f3\u5934\u201c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u201d\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u73b0\u2014\u2014\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u969c\u788d\u201d\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u666f\u89c2\u201d\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u6750\u6599\u201d\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u540e\u6765\u52a0\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b83\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u539f\u521d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u77f3\u5934\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u201c\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u5148\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u201c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff1b;\u77f3\u5934\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u547d\u9898\u98a0\u8986\u4e86\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u8d4b\u4e88\u8bba\u201d\u7684\u6839\u672c\u9884\u8bbe\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u201c\u4fee\u9970\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u4e00\u5757\u77f3\u5934\u7684\u201c\u77f3\u5934\u6027\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u79cd\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u201c\u672c\u8d28\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5b83\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u906d\u9047\u65f6\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u7528\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u201c\u73b0\u8c61\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>2.2 \u547d\u9898\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5728\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u5148\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u884c\u52a8&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u906d\u9047\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u5728\u7684\u3001\u7136\u540e\u624d\u8fdb\u5165\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u5728\u7684\u201c\u672c\u8d28\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f53\u573a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u201c\u73b0\u8c61\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5757\u77f3\u5934\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65c5\u4eba\u76f8\u9047\u3002\u65c5\u4eba\u75b2\u60eb&#xff0c;\u5750\u4e0b\u4f11\u606f\u2014\u2014\u77f3\u5934\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5ea7\u4f4d\u201d\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u65c5\u4eba\u9965\u997f&#xff0c;\u7838\u5f00\u575a\u679c\u2014\u2014\u77f3\u5934\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u65c5\u4eba\u88ab\u91ce\u517d\u8ffd\u8d76&#xff0c;\u8eb2\u5728\u77f3\u5934\u540e\u2014\u2014\u77f3\u5934\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5c4f\u969c\u201d\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u77f3\u5934\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u6f5c\u80fd\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u65c5\u4eba\u201c\u8d4b\u4e88\u201d\u77f3\u5934\u7684\u201c\u6807\u7b7e\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u906d\u9047\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>2.3 \u547d\u9898\u4e09&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u9700\u8981\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u9700\u8981\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5c01\u95ed\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e2d\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u6784\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e3b\u5ba2\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u201d\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u56fa\u5316\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u9676\u5668\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u76db\u88c5\u98df\u7269&#xff0c;\u623f\u5c4b\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5bb9\u7eb3\u751f\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u6210\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u65e0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u201c\u6709\u201d\u5f97\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>2.4 \u547d\u9898\u56db&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u540c\u4e00<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u5373\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u6bd4\u55bb&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u547d\u9898\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u603b\u662f\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6210\u603b\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff1a;\u4ece\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u662f\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d&#xff0c;\u4ece\u663e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u662f\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4e0e\u4e00\u4f4d\u8001\u53cb\u91cd\u9022&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4ed6\u5411\u6211\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u7684\u7b11\u5bb9\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u663e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u5728\u6b64\u5408\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>2.5 \u547d\u9898\u4e94&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u539f\u751f\u7684\u573a\u57df\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u539f\u751f\u573a\u57df\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5b64\u7acb\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u5173\u7cfb\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66\u8bf4\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4eba&#xff0c;\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u624d\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1b;\u6211\u6070\u6070\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u201d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u76f8\u9047&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0 \u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>3.1 \u884c\u4e3a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u6307\u4eba\u7684\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u6839\u672c\u7684\u610f\u6db5&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u906d\u9047\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u5c06\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u5c5e\u6027\u201d\u6216\u201c\u529f\u80fd\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u201c\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4ed6\u9996\u5148\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d&#xff1b;\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u4ed6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8868\u73b0&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7ffb\u8f6c\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5916\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u624d\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d&#xff1b;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u6070\u6070\u662f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u624d\u201c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7236\u4eb2\u201d\u800c\u884c\u4e3a&#xff1b;\u4ed6\u6070\u6070\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7236\u4eb2\u201d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u624d\u201c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7236\u4eb2\u201d\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ffb\u8f6c\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u610f\u6db5\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6b62\u7684\u201c\u72b6\u6001\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u201c\u53d1\u751f\u201d\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u201c\u6210\u4e3a\u201d\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>3.2 \u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u610f\u5411\u6027\u4e0e\u53cd\u601d\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fd0\u52a8&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u610f\u5411\u6027\u548c\u53cd\u601d\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u5411\u6027&#xff1a;\u884c\u4e3a\u603b\u662f\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u201d\u67d0\u7269\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u5173\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u5982\u4e3e\u8d77\u624b\u81c2&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u610f\u5411\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u201c\u4e3a\u4e86\u201d\u4ec0\u4e48\u800c\u4e3e\u8d77&#xff0c;\u6216\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u201c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201d\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u610f\u5411\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6307\u5411&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u601d\u6027&#xff1a;\u884c\u4e3a\u603b\u662f\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u89c9\u77e5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c9\u77e5\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8b\u540e\u7684\u53cd\u601d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u2014\u2014\u6211\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u8bf4\u8bdd\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u540c\u65f6\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u8bf4\u8bdd&#xff1b;\u5f53\u6211\u8d70\u8def\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u540c\u65f6\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u8d70\u8def\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u62c5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u5f97\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u7684\u201d\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>3.3 \u884c\u4e3a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u7528\u201c\u6b64\u5728\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u8bd5\u56fe\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4e8c\u5206&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5176\u201c\u6b64\u5728\u201d\u4ecd\u7136\u5e26\u6709\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\u6b8b\u4f59\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5217\u7ef4\u7eb3\u65af\u5219\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u4ed6\u8005\u201d\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u6027\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4e0e\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u201c\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u201d\u662f\u4f26\u7406\u7684\u539f\u521d\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u573a\u666f\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u65e2\u4e0d\u5728\u201c\u6211\u201d\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5728\u201c\u4ed6\u8005\u201d\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u201c\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u573a\u6240\u3002\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u505a\u7684\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u4ed6\u201d\u505a\u7684\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u201c\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u65e2\u4e0d\u201c\u5728\u6211\u201d\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u201c\u5728\u4ed6\u201d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6d41\u52a8\u3001\u751f\u6210\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u9699&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u573a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>3.4 \u884c\u4e3a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u73b0\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u663e\u73b0\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u5148\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u5982\u6000\u7279\u6d77\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u54f2\u5b66\u6240\u63ed\u793a\u7684&#xff1a;\u73b0\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\u7684\u8fde\u7eed&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3002\u6000\u7279\u6d77\u5c06\u7ec8\u6781\u8303\u7574\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u79cd\u9759\u6001\u7684\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u201c\u751f\u6210\u201d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u5b9e\u5b9e\u6709&#xff08;actual entity&#xff09;\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5408\u751f\u201d&#xff08;concrescence&#xff09;\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5c06\u591a\u5143\u7684\u201c\u6444\u5165\u201d&#xff08;prehensions&#xff09;\u6574\u5408\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u5728\u7684\u201c\u672c\u8d28\u201d\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u201c\u5b9e\u73b0\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u751f\u6210\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u63e1\u624b&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e00\u573a\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u65b0\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>3.5 \u884c\u4e3a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u56de\u5e94\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a\u603b\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u4ed6\u8005\u201d\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u6211\u56de\u5e94\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u547c\u5524&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u8005\u56de\u5e94\u6211\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u884c\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4f26\u7406\u610f\u6db5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5217\u7ef4\u7eb3\u65af\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u662f\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u54f2\u5b66\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4ed6\u8005\u53ec\u5524&#xff0c;\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8005\u8d1f\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d23\u4efb\u4e0d\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u540e\u52a0\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u539f\u521d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u521b\u9020\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u56de\u5e94\u4ed6\u8005\u65f6&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u56de\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6c42\u52a9&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u5728\u6211\u7684\u201c\u5584\u610f\u201d\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u611f\u6fc0\u201d\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56de\u5e94\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0 \u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6761\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>4.1 \u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u610f\u6db5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u9610\u91ca<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u300b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u7a7a\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u610f\u6db5\u201d&#xff1a;\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u7a7a\u3001\u7a7a\u6027\u4e4b\u7a7a\u3001\u865a\u7a7a\u4e4b\u7a7a\u3002\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e09\u91cd\u610f\u6db5\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u9610\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u91cd&#xff1a;\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u7a7a\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u573a\u57df\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u7a7a\u4e0d\u662f\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u865a\u7a7a\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u201c\u573a\u57df\u201d\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u9676\u5668\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u76db\u88c5\u98df\u7269&#xff0c;\u623f\u5c4b\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5bb9\u7eb3\u751f\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5bb9\u7eb3\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u201c\u51fa\u573a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1&#xff08;\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u56fa\u5316&#xff08;\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u73b0&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u770b&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u7a7a\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u573a\u57df\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u573a\u57df\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684\u5bb9\u5668&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5c5e\u6027&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u603b\u662f\u201c\u5728\u573a\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u201c\u5728\u573a\u201d\u9700\u8981\u201c\u573a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u91cd&#xff1a;\u7a7a\u6027\u4e4b\u7a7a\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65e0\u81ea\u6027\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u4e4b\u7a7a\u6765\u81ea\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u201c\u7f18\u8d77\u6027\u7a7a\u201d\u601d\u60f3&#xff1a;\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7686\u56e0\u7f18\u800c\u8d77\u3001\u65e0\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u6027\u3002\u9f99\u6811\u5728\u300a\u4e2d\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4&#xff1a;\u201c\u672a\u66fe\u6709\u4e00\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4ece\u56e0\u7f18\u751f&#xff0c;\u662f\u6545\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u65e0\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7a\u8005\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u65e0\u4e3b\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u81ea\u6027\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u7834\u9664\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u5b58\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u5728\u56e0\u7f18\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u770b&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u6027\u4e4b\u7a7a\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65e0\u81ea\u6027\u6027\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u751f\u6210\u7684\u201c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u201d\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u81ea\u6027&#xff0c;\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u751f\u6210\u624d\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u6027\u201d&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u65b0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6210\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u91cd&#xff1a;\u865a\u7a7a\u4e4b\u7a7a\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u865a\u7a7a\u4e4b\u7a7a\u6765\u81ea\u8001\u5b50\u7684\u201c\u6709\u4e4b\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5229&#xff0c;\u65e0\u4e4b\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7528\u201d\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u3002\u300a\u9053\u5fb7\u7ecf\u300b\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u8bf4&#xff1a;\u201c\u4e09\u5341\u8f90\u5171\u4e00\u6bc2&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5176\u65e0&#xff0c;\u6709\u8f66\u4e4b\u7528\u3002\u57cf\u57f4\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5668&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5176\u65e0&#xff0c;\u6709\u5668\u4e4b\u7528\u3002\u51ff\u6237\u7256\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5ba4&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5176\u65e0&#xff0c;\u6709\u5ba4\u4e4b\u7528\u3002\u201d\u865a\u7a7a\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u6709&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u201c\u6709\u201d\u5f97\u4ee5\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u770b&#xff0c;\u865a\u7a7a\u4e4b\u7a7a\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u3001\u5b8c\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u59cb\u7ec8\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u4f7f\u5b58\u5728\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u65ad\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u610f\u4e49\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u65ad\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>4.2 \u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5728\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684\u821e\u53f0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5f53\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u201d\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u6ce8\u518c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u56fa\u5316&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6743\u529b\u5784\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e09\u91cd\u5f00\u653e\u6027&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00&#xff0c;\u672a\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1\u3002 \u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u59cb\u7ec8\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u672a\u88ab\u601d\u8003\u5360\u636e\u7684\u95f4\u9699\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6700\u4e13\u6ce8\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u9886\u57df&#xff1b;\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6700\u6c89\u6d78\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6df1\u5904\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95f4\u9699\u4f7f\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u5f97\u4ee5\u6d8c\u73b0&#xff0c;\u65b0\u4f53\u9a8c\u5f97\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u610f\u8bc6\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1&#xff0c;\u5c31\u50cf\u786c\u76d8\u88ab\u5199\u6ee1\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5199\u5165\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u6b63\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u53ef\u5199\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c&#xff0c;\u672a\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u56fa\u5316\u3002 \u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u7ec7&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u5355\u4e00\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u3002\u8bb0\u5fc6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca&#xff0c;\u60c5\u611f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u611f\u53d7&#xff0c;\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u6e90\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u81ea\u6027\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u56fa\u5316\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6b7b\u4ea1&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u610f\u5473\u7740\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09&#xff0c;\u672a\u88ab\u6743\u529b\u5784\u65ad\u3002 \u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u6700\u79c1\u5bc6\u7684\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u90e8\u6743\u529b\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u6781\u6743\u7684\u793e\u4f1a&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c&#xff1b;\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u9884\u6d4b\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6d41\u5411\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5185\u5728\u7684\u81ea\u7531&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u6db5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>4.3 \u7a7a\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u6765\u6e90\u201c\u8f93\u5165\u201d\u610f\u8bc6\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u201c\u751f\u201d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u65e0\u4e2d\u751f\u6709\u201d\u6b63\u662f\u521b\u9020\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u60f3\u6cd5\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u201d\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u201c\u642c\u201d\u8fdb\u610f\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\u5b83\u4f55\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u51fa\u73b0\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u6765\u4e86\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u6765\u201d\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u6027&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7985\u5b97\u8bf4\u201c\u5e94\u65e0\u6240\u4f4f\u800c\u751f\u5176\u5fc3\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u5fc3\u624d\u80fd\u751f\u8d77\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u5bf9\u7a7a\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u6e90\u5934\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u63ed\u793a\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5c31\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u201c\u4f4f\u201d\u4e86&#xff0c;\u65b0\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u751f\u8d77\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u4fdd\u6301\u5fc3\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u201d&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>4.4 \u7a7a\u6027\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u5e26\u6765\u81ea\u7531&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u610f\u8bc6\u88ab\u67d0\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u5360\u636e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u88ab\u8fd9\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\u201c\u675f\u7f1a\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u601d\u8003\u522b\u7684&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ee5\u522b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5f53\u610f\u8bc6\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u62d2\u7edd&#xff1b;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u5b83&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u4e0b\u5b83\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u201c\u6761\u4ef6\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u201c\u672c\u8eab\u201d\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u201c\u4ea7\u7269\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u201c\u663e\u73b0\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u65f6\u5c31\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u81ea\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0 \u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411&#xff1a;\u4ece\u5b9e\u4f53\u5230\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>5.1 \u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u7684\u6279\u5224<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u201c\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u5b9e\u4f53\u662f\u81ea\u5b58\u7684\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d\u5230\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u7684\u201c\u601d\u7ef4\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5e7f\u5ef6\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d&#xff0c;\u4ece\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u7684\u201c\u552f\u4e00\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d\u5230\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u7684\u201c\u5355\u5b50\u201d&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u4f53\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8303\u7574\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u8d4b\u4e88\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u6846\u67b6\u5185&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u5c5e\u6027&#xff08;\u53e4\u4ee3\u672c\u4f53\u8bba&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u8d4b\u4e88\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u6807\u7b7e&#xff08;\u8fd1\u4ee3\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u201c\u5bb6\u65cf\u76f8\u4f3c\u201d&#xff08;\u5f53\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u8bba&#xff09;\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u79cd\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u90fd\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u201c\u4e1c\u897f\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u7684\u6839\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u751f\u6210\u3001\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u5b58\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1f;\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u4e8b\u7269&#xff1f;\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u59cb\u7ec8\u96be\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>5.2 \u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4e3b\u5f20<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u8981\u6c42\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411\u201d&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728&#xff1b;\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6c\u5411\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4e3b\u5f20\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u547d\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00&#xff0c;\u5173\u7cfb\u5148\u4e8e\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002 \u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u6709\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1b;\u800c\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u6784\u6210\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u4f53\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u201c\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4eba\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1b;\u4ed6\u6070\u6070\u662f\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u88ab\u6784\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u5373\u5173\u7cfb\u3002 \u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e00\u5757\u77f3\u5934\u7684\u201c\u77f3\u5934\u6027\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u79cd\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u201c\u672c\u8d28\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b83\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u906d\u9047\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5173\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u88ab\u770b\u89c1\u3001\u53ef\u88ab\u89e6\u6478\u3001\u53ef\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u7838\u5f00\u575a\u679c\u3001\u53ef\u88ab\u7f6e\u4e8e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09&#xff0c;\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u3002 \u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6b62\u7684\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u906d\u9047&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ac\u95f4&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>5.3 \u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u542f\u793a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411\u4e0e\u975e\u6d32\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66\u5f62\u6210\u6df1\u523b\u547c\u5e94\u3002\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u547d\u9898\u662f&#xff1a;\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4eba&#xff0c;\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u4e2a\u4f53\u9700\u8981\u4ed6\u4eba\u624d\u80fd\u201c\u6210\u957f\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u201c\u6210\u4e3a\u201d\u4eba&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5173\u7cfb\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u4e3a\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5357\u975e\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u56fe\u56fe\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\u8fd9\u6837\u9610\u91ca\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe&#xff1a;\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u7684\u4eba\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eba\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u56e0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bcc\u8db3\u800c\u5a01\u80c1\u4ed6\u4eba&#xff0c;\u80fd\u591f\u80af\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eba&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u80af\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u6211\u80af\u5b9a\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u3002\u201d\u5728\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u6784\u6210\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2a\u4f53&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u62c9\u83ab\u65af\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u201cbe-ing-becoming\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u3001\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u9759\u6b62\u7684\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u3001\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u662f\u201d&#xff08;being&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6b63\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u201d&#xff08;becoming&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>5.4 \u4ece\u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u770b\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u89c6\u89d2\u770b&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5448\u73b0\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fae\u7b11&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u7684\u201c\u8f93\u51fa\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u8f93\u5165\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5fae\u7b11\u53ef\u80fd\u62c9\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u53cb\u5584&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5316\u89e3\u7d27\u5f20\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6211\u6216\u4ed6\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5fae\u7b11\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5448\u73b0&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u8005\u7684\u201c\u610f\u56fe\u201d\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5728\u65c1\u89c2\u8005\u7684\u201c\u89e3\u8bfb\u201d\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u7b11&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7231\u610f&#xff0c;\u5728\u804c\u573a\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u793c\u8c8c&#xff0c;\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u548c\u89e3\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>5.5 \u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u6027\u7684&#xff08;\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7684&#xff08;\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u3001\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6c89\u6dc0\u4e3a\u201c\u60ef\u4e60\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8eab\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u5386\u53f2&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u601d\u8003\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6784\u6210\u201c\u60c5\u5883\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u906d\u9047\u573a\u57df&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u6b64\u523b\u751f\u6210\u3002\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6295\u5c04\u4e3a\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5c1a\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u884c\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u548c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6027&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u77ac\u95f4\u751f\u6210\u5c31\u6d88\u5931\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u3001\u8f6c\u5316\u3001\u79ef\u6dc0&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u3001\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u4e60\u4fd7\u3001\u6587\u660e\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u79ef\u6dc0\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377 \u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0 \u6b32\u671b&#xff08;D&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u610f\u5411\u6027\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u77e2\u91cf<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>6.1 \u6b32\u671b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6b32\u671b\u201d\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u5e38\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5bf9\u67d0\u79cd\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u3001\u8ffd\u6c42\u6216\u51b2\u52a8\u3002\u4f46\u5728DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6b32\u671b\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u6839\u672c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5&#xff1a;\u5b83\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u201c\u5411\u5916\u6295\u5c04\u201d\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5f20\u529b&#xff0c;\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4ece\u201c\u5df2\u7136\u201d\u5411\u201c\u672a\u7136\u201d\u4f38\u5c55\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u9700\u6c42\u201d\u6216\u201c\u51b2\u52a8\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u610f\u5411\u6027\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u603b\u662f\u6307\u5411\u81ea\u8eab\u4e4b\u5916&#xff0c;\u603b\u662f\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u201d\u4ec0\u4e48\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u5c06\u6b64\u5728\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u64cd\u5fc3\u201d&#xff08;Sorge&#xff09;\u2014\u2014\u6b64\u5728\u603b\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u201c\u5148\u884c\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u201d&#xff0c;\u603b\u662f\u201c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5148\u884c\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u201d&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u6db5\u76d6\u4ece\u751f\u547d\u5185\u7a33\u6001\u7684\u6270\u52a8\u5230\u6587\u660e\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5149\u8c31\u3002\u9965\u997f\u662f\u6b32\u671b&#xff0c;\u6c42\u77e5\u662f\u6b32\u671b&#xff0c;\u7231\u662f\u6b32\u671b&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u6b63\u4e49\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e5f\u662f\u6b32\u671b\u3002\u6b32\u671b\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u79cd\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u514b\u670d\u7684\u201c\u4f4e\u7ea7\u201d\u51b2\u52a8&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>6.2 \u6b32\u671b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u77e2\u91cf<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728DOS\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6b32\u671b\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u63d0\u4f9b\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u201c\u4e3a\u4f55\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u671d\u5411\u201d&#xff0c;\u5982\u540c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u52bf\u80fd\u68af\u5ea6\u201d&#xff0c;\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u884c\u4e3a\u610f\u6b32\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u6b32\u671b&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u5f52\u4e8e\u65e0\u5dee\u522b\u7684\u6c89\u5bc2&#xff0c;\u884c\u52a8\u65e0\u4ece\u8c08\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u5177\u6709\u77e2\u91cf\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u5f3a\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u5c31\u662f\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u6b32\u671b\u6307\u5411\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u5c31\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u6b32\u671b\u201c\u521b\u9020\u201d\u4e86\u4ef7\u503c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u6307\u5411\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u98df\u7269\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u9965\u997f\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u6c42\u77e5\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u6b63\u4e49\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u5bf9\u4e0d\u516c\u7684\u654f\u611f\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u6b32\u671b\u662f\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u201c\u663e\u73b0\u6761\u4ef6\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u201c\u521b\u9020\u8005\u201d\u3002\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u662f\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u4ea7\u7269&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6b32\u671b\u6240\u906d\u9047\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u6307\u5411\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>6.3 \u6b32\u671b\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd&#xff0c;\u6b32\u671b\u6b63\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u201c\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u6b7b\u5bc2\u7684\u865a\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5145\u6ee1\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u573a\u57df\u3002\u6b32\u671b\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u573a\u57df\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u201c\u52a8\u201d\u2014\u2014\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5411\u73b0\u5b9e\u6027\u7684\u4f38\u5c55\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u201c\u6b32\u671b\u201d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u201c\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff1a;\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6b62\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u201c\u751f\u201d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7985\u5b97\u8bb2\u201c\u5e94\u65e0\u6240\u4f4f\u800c\u751f\u5176\u5fc3\u201d\u2014\u2014\u201c\u65e0\u4f4f\u201d\u662f\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u201c\u751f\u5fc3\u201d\u662f\u6b32\u671b\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u751f\u5fc3\u201d\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u4f4f\u201d\u662f\u6b7b\u5bc2&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u65e0\u4f4f\u201d\u7684\u201c\u751f\u5fc3\u201d\u662f\u6267\u7740\u3002\u6b32\u671b\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u7edf\u4e00&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u201c\u751f\u5fc3\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u65e0\u4f4f\u201d\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u2014\u2014\u6b32\u671b\u4ece\u7a7a\u4e2d\u751f\u8d77&#xff0c;\u5374\u4e0d\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u6240\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>6.4 \u6b32\u671b\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6027\u4e0e\u51b2\u7a81<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u591a\u5143\u7684\u3001\u590d\u6742\u7684\u3001\u5e38\u5e38\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u65e2\u6e34\u671b\u5b89\u5168\u53c8\u6e34\u671b\u5192\u9669&#xff0c;\u65e2\u6e34\u671b\u4eb2\u5bc6\u53c8\u6e34\u671b\u72ec\u7acb&#xff0c;\u65e2\u6e34\u671b\u6210\u529f\u53c8\u6e34\u671b\u5b89\u9038\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b32\u671b\u4e0d\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u201c\u6a21\u5757\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u7ec7\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f20\u529b&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u201c\u89e3\u51b3\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u201c\u7ecf\u5386\u201d\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6b32\u671b\u88ab\u6f84\u6e05\u3001\u88ab\u8c03\u6574\u3001\u88ab\u6574\u5408\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u51b2\u7a81&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u601d&#xff1b;\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u601d&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u6df1\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>6.5 \u6b32\u671b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u4e0d\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u3001\u79c1\u5bc6\u7684\u3002\u6b32\u671b\u603b\u662f\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210&#xff0c;\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u5851\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6b32\u671b\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u5904\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\u73af\u5883\u5851\u9020\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u793e\u4f1a&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u88ab\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u5bf9\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u6b32\u671b&#xff1b;\u5728\u77e5\u8bc6\u793e\u4f1a&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u88ab\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b32\u671b\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u201c\u865a\u5047\u7684\u201d\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u88ab\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u6b32\u671b&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6b32\u671b&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;\u6b32\u671b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6210\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u5f62\u6001&#xff0c;\u90fd\u627f\u8f7d\u7740\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5386\u53f2\u2014\u2014\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u6b32\u671b\u65e2\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4ea7\u7269&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0 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\u8eab\u4f53\u611f\u53d7&#xff1a;\u8212\u9002\/\u4e0d\u9002\u3001\u7d27\u5f20\/\u653e\u677e\u3001\u8f7b\u76c8\/\u6c89\u91cd<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u60c5\u7eea\u8272\u8c03&#xff1a;\u6109\u60a6\/\u4e0d\u5feb\u3001\u5174\u594b\/\u5e73\u9759\u3001\u559c\u60a6\/\u60b2\u4f24<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8ba4\u77e5\u8c03\u8c10&#xff1a;\u6e05\u6670\/\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u786e\u5b9a\/\u7591\u60d1\u3001\u719f\u6089\/\u964c\u751f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b58\u5728\u4f53\u8ba4&#xff1a;\u771f\u5b9e\/\u865a\u5047\u3001\u5145\u5b9e\/\u7a7a\u865a\u3001\u6709\u610f\u4e49\/\u65e0\u610f\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u7d20\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u53e0\u52a0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u673a\u6574\u5408\u540e\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u611f\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u201c\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u6ce8\u518c\u201d\u2014\u2014\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u6027\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u77ac\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>8.2 \u81ea\u611f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u8ba4\u9886\u4e34\u754c\u754c\u9762\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u201c\u6ce8\u518c\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u8ba4\u9886\u201d\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u8fbe\u81f4\u67d0\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5239\u90a3&#xff0c;\u81ea\u611f\u754c\u9762\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6355\u6349\u3001\u8d4b\u503c&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4e3b\u4f53\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u5c5e\u6027&#xff08;\u5982\u6210\u529f\/\u5931\u8d25\u3001\u4eb2\u8fd1\/\u758f\u79bb\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\/\u5931\u843d&#xff09;\u7684\u201c\u6211\u7684\u201d\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u201c\u6ce8\u518c\u201d\u884c\u4e3a\u672c\u8eab&#xff0c;\u5373\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u8bde\u751f\u201d\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u6ce8\u518c&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u53ea\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u800c\u65e0\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u8bef\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u7b49\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5149\u8c31\u201d&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6839\u672c\u7684\u8303\u7574\u9519\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u6df7\u6dc6\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u201c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u754c\u9762\u201d\u4e0e\u5728\u8be5\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u201c\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u201d\u3002\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u751f\u7406\u611f\u53d7\u7b49\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b32\u671b&#xff08;D&#xff09;\u6ee1\u8db3\u6216\u53d7\u632b\u65f6\u6fc0\u8d77\u7684\u6ce2\u52a8&#xff0c;\u662f\u201c\u539f\u6750\u6599\u201d&#xff1b;\u800c\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u662f\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u5904\u7406\u5668\u201d\u53ca\u5176\u201c\u4ea7\u51fa\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5373\u201c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6211\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u201c\u5fc3\u7b97\u89e3\u9898\u201d\u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u201c\u6109\u60a6\u201d\u662f\u6b32\u671b&#xff08;\u6c42\u77e5&#xff09;\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u53cd\u5e94&#xff08;D\u5c42\u6548\u5e94&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u201c\u6210\u5c31\u611f\u201d\u662f\u81ea\u611f\u754c\u9762\u5bf9\u201c\u6109\u60a6\u201d\u53ca\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5de5\u3001\u6ce8\u518c\u540e\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5355\u5143&#xff08;\u201c\u6b64\u4e43\u6211\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u8bc1\u660e\u201d&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>8.3 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\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u5371\u673a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3b\u6743\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u4fb5\u8680\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u5f15\u5bfc\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7cbe\u51c6\u5730\u9884\u6d4b\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u5f53\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u9884\u6d4b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u611f&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e5f\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u5f71\u54cd\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u611f\u2014\u2014\u63a8\u9001\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u6109\u60a6&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u7126\u8651&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5f52\u5c5e\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u201c\u63a7\u5236\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5851\u9020\u201c\u5ba2\u89c2\u201d\u573a\u57df&#xff08;O&#xff09;\u6765\u95f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u3002\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u3001\u63a8\u8350\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5851\u9020\u793e\u4ea4\u73af\u5883\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5728\u6f5c\u79fb\u9ed8\u5316\u4e2d\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u88ab\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u611f\u201d\u5230&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u201c\u611f\u201d\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u5371\u673a\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5f53\u81ea\u611f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u5f15\u5bfc&#xff0c;\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u201c\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\u201d\u5c31\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6839\u672c\u6027\u8d28\u7591\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88ab\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u7684\u201d\u611f\u53d7&#xff0c;\u771f\u7684\u662f\u201c\u6211\u7684\u201d\u5417&#xff1f;\u8fd8\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>8.5 \u81ea\u611f\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u754c\u9762&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u754c\u9762\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u5185\u5bb9\u5f97\u4ee5\u201c\u88ab\u611f\u201d\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u201c\u80fd\u591f\u611f\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5b83\u7a7a\u65e0\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u5185\u5bb9\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u6761\u4ef6&#xff1b;\u5b83\u4e0d\u53ef\u88ab\u5bf9\u8c61\u5316&#xff0c;\u4efb\u4f55\u8bd5\u56fe\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b83\u7684\u52aa\u529b&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5df2\u5728\u5b83\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00&#xff1b;\u5b83\u5148\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u8ba4\u77e5\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u903c\u8fd1\u5b83&#xff0c;\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7a7f\u900f\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u201d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u201c\u65e0\u201d&#xff0c;\u5374\u751f\u201c\u4e07\u6709\u201d\u3002\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u751f&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4e2d\u751f\u201c\u6709\u201d\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u611f\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0 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O\u5728D\u7684\u6295\u5c04\u4e0b\u88ab\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f\u63ed\u793a\u548c\u906d\u9047<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 S\u5219\u662f\u6b64\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5f53\u573a\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4f53\u72b6\u6001\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u201c\u4ef7\u503c\u611f\u56de\u54cd\u201d&#xff0c;\u5e76\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u5b9e\u65f6\u5fae\u8c03\u7740D\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0eO\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e09\u91cd\u594f\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u65cb\u5f8b\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>9.2 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\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fd8\u539f\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u503c\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u6839\u672c\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3aD\u3001O\u3001S\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u4e09\u8005\u62c6\u89e3\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3aD&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002\u540c\u6837\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u9965\u997f&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u72ec\u81ea\u5306\u5fd9\u8fdb\u98df\u4e0e\u4e0e\u7231\u4eba\u5171\u8fdb\u665a\u9910&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5929\u5dee\u5730\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3aO&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u540c\u6837\u662f\u9762\u5bf9\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u6709\u4eba\u89c6\u4e4b\u4e3a\u632b\u6298&#xff0c;\u6709\u4eba\u89c6\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6559\u8bad&#xff0c;\u6709\u4eba\u89c6\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8f6c\u673a\u2014\u2014O\u76f8\u540c&#xff0c;D\u548cS\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3aS&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e3b\u89c2\u611f\u53d7\u3002S\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u201c\u6ee1\u8db3\u201d&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u8131\u79bb\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684D\u548cO&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u3002\u6211\u201c\u611f\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u201d\u4f46\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ee1\u8db3&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u611f\u53d7\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u80fd\u62c6\u89e3\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u90e8\u5206&#xff1a;D\u3001O\u3001S\u4e0d\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u201c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u5185\u5d4c\u7684\u201c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u201d\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u65e0D\u7684O&#xff08;\u5ba2\u89c2\u603b\u662f\u5728\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u6295\u5c04\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u65e0O\u7684D&#xff08;\u6b32\u671b\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e2d\u88ab\u6fc0\u53d1&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u65e0D-O\u7684S&#xff08;\u81ea\u611f\u603b\u662f\u5bf9\u5177\u4f53\u906d\u9047\u7684\u6ce8\u518c&#xff09;\u3002\u4e09\u8005\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9762&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>9.4 \u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u503c\u7ea0\u7f20\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u6027\u7684&#xff08;\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7684&#xff08;\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5f53\u4e0b\u201d\u77ac\u95f4&#xff0c;D\u3001O\u3001S\u90fd\u662f\u5171\u65f6\u6027\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u5f53\u4e0b\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u70b9&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4ea4\u6c47\u70b9\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684DOS\u5faa\u73af\u6c89\u6dc0\u4e3a\u201c\u60ef\u4e60\u201d&#xff0c;\u5851\u9020\u7740\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684D\u3001O\u3001S&#xff1b;\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684DOS\u5faa\u73af\u6295\u5c04\u51fa\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027&#xff0c;\u5f71\u54cd\u672a\u6765\u7684DOS\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u4f7fDOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u53d8\u5316\u6027\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6765\u81eaDOS\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u60ef\u4e60\u5316\u2014\u2014\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684D-O\u906d\u9047\u53cd\u590d\u4ea7\u751f\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684S\u6ce8\u518c&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6ce8\u518c\u6c89\u6dc0\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6027\u6765\u81eaDOS\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u65b0\u7684\u906d\u9047\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684S\u6ce8\u518c&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6ce8\u518c\u53ef\u80fd\u8c03\u6574\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u98a0\u8986\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>9.5 \u7ea0\u7f20\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u503c\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fd8\u539f\u6027&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u610f\u4e49\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d&#xff08;D\u6216O\u6216S&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u201c\u81ea\u6027\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u5b58\u7684\u3002\u4f46DOS\u7ea0\u7f20\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u6070\u6070\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u81ea\u6027\u201d\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e2d\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u5728D\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5728O\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5728S\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u4e09\u8005\u201c\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u201c\u6709\u201d&#xff0c;\u5374\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u201c\u6709\u201d\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0 \u53d9\u4e8b\u5316&#xff1a;\u4ece\u539f\u521d\u77ac\u95f4\u5230\u6587\u660e\u67b6\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>10.1 \u53d9\u4e8b\u5316\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u77ac\u95f4\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u7b51\u51fa\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u751f\u5e73\u4e0e\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\u6587\u660e\u53f2\u8bd7&#xff1f;\u7b54\u6848\u5728\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u201c\u53d9\u4e8b\u5316\u201d\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u53d9\u4e8b\u5316\u201d\u662f\u6307\u610f\u8bc6\u5bf9\u6301\u7eed\u7684D-O-S\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d41\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u6eaf\u6027\u52a0\u5de5&#xff0c;\u7b5b\u9009\u5173\u952e\u8282\u70b9&#xff0c;\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u4e0e\u903b\u8f91\u7f16\u7ec7\u6210\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u201c\u6545\u4e8b\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b5b\u9009&#xff1a;\u4ece\u7eb7\u7e41\u590d\u6742\u7684DOS\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d41\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u9009\u62e9\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u91cd\u8981\u201d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b5b\u9009\u4e0d\u662f\u968f\u610f\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53d7\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u7ed3\u6784\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u7b5b\u9009\u90a3\u4e9b\u7b26\u5408\u65e2\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5ffd\u7565\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fde\u63a5&#xff1a;\u5c06\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u8282\u70b9&#xff0c;\u6309\u7167\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u8054\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8d4b\u4e88\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8bb0\u5f55\u201c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u89e3\u91ca\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53d1\u751f\u201d\u201c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8d4b\u5f62&#xff1a;\u5c06\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u8282\u70b9&#xff0c;\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u201c\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u6709\u5f00\u5934\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u9ad8\u6f6e\u3001\u7ed3\u5c3e&#xff0c;\u6709\u4e3b\u89d2\u3001\u914d\u89d2\u3001\u51b2\u7a81\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>10.2 \u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;\u4e2a\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u3001\u6587\u660e\u53d9\u4e8b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u5316\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2a\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u6211\u662f\u8c01\u201d\u201c\u6211\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u6765\u201d\u201c\u6211\u8981\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u53bb\u201d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u6784\u6210\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u96c6\u5408&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u88ab\u6574\u5408\u6210\u7684\u201c\u6211\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2a\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201c\u751f\u5e73\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u96f6\u6563\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6574\u5408\u4e3a\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u7ae5\u5e74\u7ecf\u5386\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u804c\u4e1a\u8f68\u8ff9\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u5173\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u88ab\u7f16\u7ec7\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u6211\u201d\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d9\u4e8b\u65e2\u662f\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u89e3\u91ca&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u96c6\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u8c01\u201d\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u6765\u201d\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u53bb\u201d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u96c6\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u6784\u6210\u96c6\u4f53\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u793e\u7fa4\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u96c6\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u901a\u8fc7\u795e\u8bdd\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u4eea\u5f0f\u3001\u8282\u65e5\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u627f\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u201c\u708e\u9ec4\u5b50\u5b59\u201d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u5efa\u56fd\u201d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5c5e\u6b64\u7c7b\u3002\u96c6\u4f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027\u7684\u5f52\u5c5e\u611f\u2014\u2014\u6211\u662f\u6bd4\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u660e\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u6574\u4f53\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\u5b8f\u5927\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6551\u8d4e\u53f2\u3001\u542f\u8499\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u53f2\u3001\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u53f2\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u660e\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u63d0\u4f9b\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u660e\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u89e3\u91ca\u8fc7\u53bb&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6307\u5f15\u672a\u6765\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u627f\u8bfa\u4e00\u79cd\u7ec8\u6781\u7684\u5706\u6ee1\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u5929\u5802\u3001\u5927\u540c\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u738b\u56fd\u2014\u2014\u5e76\u5c06\u5f53\u4e0b\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u901a\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>10.3 \u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u6709\u635f\u538b\u7f29\u201d\u7279\u5f81<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u5316\u5fc5\u7136\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u6709\u635f\u538b\u7f29\u201d\u2014\u2014\u7a81\u51fa\u4e3b\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u5ffd\u7565\u6742\u97f3&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d&#xff08;N&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u6709\u635f\u538b\u7f29\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u7f3a\u9677&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u7b5b\u9009\u548c\u538b\u7f29&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u65e0\u5c3d\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7ec6\u8282\u6df9\u6ca1&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u805a\u7126\u5c11\u6570\u5173\u952e\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u4ece\u6df7\u6c8c\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u201c\u6709\u635f\u538b\u7f29\u201d\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u201d\u548c\u201c\u504f\u89c1\u201d\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u53d9\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5fc5\u7136\u9057\u6f0f\u5176\u4ed6\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u89c6\u89d2\u6027\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7f3a\u9677&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u89c6\u89d2&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1b;\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89c6\u89d2&#xff0c;\u90fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u76f2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>10.4 \u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u6743\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u6027\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e0e\u6743\u529b\u7d27\u5bc6\u5173\u8054\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8c01\u6709\u6743\u529b\u8bb2\u8ff0\u6545\u4e8b&#xff1f;\u8c01\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u88ab\u542c\u89c1\u3001\u88ab\u76f8\u4fe1\u3001\u88ab\u4f20\u627f&#xff1f;\u8c01\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u88ab\u538b\u5236\u3001\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u3001\u88ab\u62b9\u9664&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u5b66\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u6d41\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f80\u5f80\u53cd\u6620\u4e3b\u6d41\u6743\u529b\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u80dc\u5229\u8005\u4e66\u5199\u5386\u53f2\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8bf4\u80dc\u5229\u8005\u8bb0\u5f55\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80dc\u5229&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u8bf4\u80dc\u5229\u8005\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6807\u51c6\u7248\u672c\u201d&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u8005\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u88ab\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u3001\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u3002\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u540e\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5e95\u5c42\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u63ed\u793a\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d9\u4e8b\u6743\u529b\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u88ab\u538b\u5236\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u88ab\u542c\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6597\u4e89&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u8c01\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u53d9\u4e8b\u6743&#xff0c;\u8c01\u5c31\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6743\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u6a21\u578b\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u53d9\u4e8b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53d8\u5f97\u900f\u660e\u3001\u53ef\u5ba1\u3001\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>10.5 \u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u6709&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u6027\u662f\u7a7a\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u663e\u201d&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u6027\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u9690\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4efb\u4f55\u53d9\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u201c\u6709\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u3002\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u53d9\u4e8b\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u53ef\u80fd\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd&#xff0c;\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u89c6\u89d2\u6027\u3001\u6709\u9650\u6027\u3001\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d9\u4e8b\u201c\u4f4f\u201d\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u60f3\u8c61\u522b\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u522b\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u5e94\u65e0\u6240\u4f4f\u800c\u751f\u5176\u5fc3\u201d\u2014\u2014\u65e2\u6295\u5165\u4e8e\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u53c8\u4e0d\u88ab\u53d9\u4e8b\u675f\u7f1a&#xff1b;\u65e2\u8bb2\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6545\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u53c8\u5c0a\u91cd\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0 \u9012\u5f52\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u81ea\u521b\u751f\u5f15\u64ce<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>11.1 \u9012\u5f52\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff08;N&#xff09;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u524d\u7ed3\u6784\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u52a8\u4ecb\u5165\u672a\u6765\u7684D-O-S\u5faa\u73af&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u6838\u5fc3\u95ed\u73af&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b N \u2192 \u5851\u9020\/\u6fc0\u53d1\u6b32\u671b D \u2192 \u4e0e\u5ba2\u89c2 O \u7ea0\u7f20 \u2192 \u751f\u6210\u81ea\u611f S \u2192 \u53d9\u4e8b\u5316\u52a0\u5de5 \u2192 \u66f4\u65b0\u53d9\u4e8b N\u2018&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201cDOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u201d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u5f97\u4ee5\u517c\u5177\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5411\u4e0b\u7bad\u5934&#xff08;N \u2192 D-O-S&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u6ee4\u955c\u201d&#xff0c;\u5851\u9020\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u4ec0\u4e48\u503c\u5f97\u6b32\u671b&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97&#xff1b;\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684&#xff1b;\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u771f\u7a7a\u4e2d\u906d\u9047\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5e26\u7740\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u524d\u89c1\u201d\u906d\u9047\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5411\u4e0a\u7bad\u5934&#xff08;D-O-S \u2192 N&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u65b0\u7684DOS\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6ce8\u518c\u88ab\u53d9\u4e8b\u5316\u52a0\u5de5&#xff0c;\u66f4\u65b0\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e00\u81f4&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u5438\u6536\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u51b2\u7a81&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u6311\u6218\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\u751a\u81f3\u98a0\u8986\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u4e8e\u201c\u9012\u5f52\u201d\u2014\u2014\u53d9\u4e8b\u65e2\u662f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff08;\u6765\u81ea\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684DOS&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53c8\u662f\u539f\u56e0&#xff08;\u5851\u9020\u672a\u6765\u7684DOS&#xff09;\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u5b83\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u521b\u751f\u201d&#xff08;autopoiesis&#xff09;\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>11.2 \u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u4e0e\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af&#xff1a;\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f15\u5bfc\u6b32\u671b\u53bb\u63a2\u7d22\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u53cd\u9988\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u786e\u8ba4\u5e76\u5f3a\u5316\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u6df1\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6210\u957f\u3001\u521b\u9020\u7684\u6b63\u53cd\u9988\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u76f8\u4fe1\u201c\u6211\u80fd\u591f\u5b66\u597d\u6570\u5b66\u201d&#xff08;\u53d9\u4e8bN&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6fc0\u53d1\u4ed6\u52aa\u529b\u5b66\u4e60&#xff08;D&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u906d\u9047\u6570\u5b66\u95ee\u9898&#xff08;O&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u89e3\u51b3\u540e\u611f\u5230\u6210\u5c31\u611f&#xff08;S&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6210\u5c31\u611f\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u201c\u6211\u80fd\u5b66\u597d\u6570\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff08;N\u2018&#xff09;\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u5f80\u590d&#xff0c;\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u5347&#xff0c;\u81ea\u4fe1\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af&#xff1a;\u53d9\u4e8b\u9650\u5236\u6b32\u671b&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u53cd\u9988\u6d88\u6781\u7ecf\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u786e\u8ba4\u8d1f\u9762\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u56fa\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u8017\u3001\u50f5\u5316\u3001\u75c5\u7406\u7684\u8d1f\u53cd\u9988\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u76f8\u4fe1\u201c\u6211\u5b66\u4e0d\u597d\u6570\u5b66\u201d&#xff08;\u53d9\u4e8bN&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4f7f\u4ed6\u56de\u907f\u6311\u6218&#xff08;D&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u906d\u9047\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\u8f7b\u6613\u653e\u5f03&#xff08;O&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u611f\u5230\u632b\u8d25&#xff08;S&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u632b\u8d25\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u201c\u6211\u5b66\u4e0d\u597d\u6570\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff08;N\u2018&#xff09;\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u5f80\u590d&#xff0c;\u80fd\u529b\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u5347&#xff0c;\u81ea\u4fe1\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e27\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>11.3 \u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\u4e0e\u91cd\u5efa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\u4e0e\u91cd\u5efa&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u8f6c\u53d8\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5371\u673a\u6216\u79d1\u5b66\u8303\u5f0f\u9769\u547d\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u66f4\u8fed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65ad\u88c2&#xff1a;\u5f53\u65b0\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u53d1\u751f\u5267\u70c8\u51b2\u7a81&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u5438\u6536\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u53ef\u80fd\u65ad\u88c2\u3002\u539f\u6709\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6846\u67b6\u5931\u6548&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u53d8\u5f97\u964c\u751f\u3001\u6df7\u4e71\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5371\u673a\u65f6\u523b\u2014\u2014\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u7ecf\u5386\u7cbe\u795e\u5d29\u6e83&#xff0c;\u793e\u4f1a\u53ef\u80fd\u7ecf\u5386\u79e9\u5e8f\u74e6\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u5efa&#xff1a;\u65ad\u88c2\u65e2\u662f\u5371\u673a&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u8f6c\u673a\u3002\u5f53\u65e7\u53d9\u4e8b\u5931\u6548&#xff0c;\u65b0\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u4e2d\u8bde\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u65e7\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4fee\u8865&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u6784\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e7\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8d4b\u4e88\u5b83\u4eec\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u9769\u547d&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u65ad\u88c2\u4e0e\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u5178\u578b\u3002\u6258\u52d2\u5bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u65b0\u7684\u5929\u6587\u89c2\u6d4b&#xff0c;\u53d1\u751f\u65ad\u88c2&#xff1b;\u54e5\u767d\u5c3c\u4f53\u7cfb\u91cd\u5efa\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u662f\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>11.4 \u5143\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u5fc5\u987b\u5185\u5d4c\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6\u4e0e\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u5143\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5143\u80fd\u529b\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c9\u5bdf&#xff1a;\u80fd\u591f\u89c9\u5bdf\u5230\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6c89\u6d78\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u6c89\u6d78\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f53\u4f5c\u73b0\u5b9e\u672c\u8eab&#xff1b;\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u89c9\u5bdf\u5230\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u53d9\u4e8b\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8d28\u7591&#xff1a;\u80fd\u591f\u8d28\u7591\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u5426\u4ecd\u7136\u9002\u7528&#xff1f;\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u9057\u6f0f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e&#xff1f;\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u6743\u529b&#xff1f;\u8d28\u7591\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5ba1\u89c6\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u53d9\u4e8b\u63a5\u53d7\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6b63&#xff1a;\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u65b0\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4fee\u6b63\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u5f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u6267\u5730\u5426\u8ba4\u7ecf\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u5730\u8c03\u6574\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fee\u6b63\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>11.5 \u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u8de8\u5c42\u6b21\u540c\u6784\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u540c\u6784\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u6027\u683c\u3001\u521b\u4f24\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2&#xff0c;\u662f\u56fa\u5316\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1b;\u6587\u660e\u7684\u795e\u8bdd\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u89c2&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u56fa\u5316\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u5851\u9020\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u6587\u660e\u7684DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u5851\u9020\u6587\u660e\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u540c\u6784\u6027\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u5957\u6982\u5ff5\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u5206\u6790\u4e2a\u4f53\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u6587\u660e\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u5371\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u65ad\u88c2\u4e0e\u91cd\u5efa&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u5728\u53d8\u9769\u4e2d\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u9769\u547d\u4e0e\u8f6c\u578b&#xff0c;\u9075\u5faa\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u89c2\u7167&#xff08;\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eabDOS\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u89c9\u5bdf&#xff09;\u662f\u5fae\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u201c\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u201d&#xff0c;\u6587\u660e\u7684\u516c\u5171\u5ba1\u8bae&#xff08;\u5bf9\u96c6\u4f53DOS\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5316&#xff09;\u662f\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u201c\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u201d\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5143\u539f\u5219\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u4fdd\u6301\u89c9\u5bdf\u4e0e\u8d1f\u8d23\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5377 \u8bed\u8a00\u8bba\u8868\u8fbe&#xff1a;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0 \u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u6279\u5224\u4e0e\u91cd\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>12.1 \u6307\u79f0\u8bba&#xff1a;\u8bed\u8a00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u56fe\u753b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u8303\u5f0f\u662f\u6307\u79f0\u8bba\u3002\u4ece\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7684\u300a\u514b\u62c9\u5e95\u9c81\u7bc7\u300b\u5230\u65e9\u671f\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u300a\u903b\u8f91\u54f2\u5b66\u8bba\u300b&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6307\u79f0\u6216\u63cf\u7ed8\u3002\u8bed\u8bcd\u6307\u79f0\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u547d\u9898\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e8b\u6001&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6d1e\u89c1\u662f&#xff1a;\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u6027\u6e90\u4e8e\u5b83\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5173\u8054\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u8054&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u6e38\u620f&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u627f\u8f7d\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6307\u79f0\u8bba\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u201c\u6307\u5411\u6027\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8bed\u8a00\u603b\u662f\u6307\u5411\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u67d0\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u6839\u672c\u56f0\u5883\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e\u548c\u751f\u6210\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bed\u8a00\u53ea\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u56fe\u753b&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u65b0\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u65b0\u60c5\u5883\u3001\u65b0\u521b\u9020\u5982\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8a00\u8bf4&#xff1f;\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u8a00\u8bf4\u4ece\u672a\u5b58\u5728\u8fc7\u7684\u4e8b\u7269&#xff1f;\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u8fbe\u4ece\u672a\u88ab\u8868\u8fbe\u8fc7\u7684\u611f\u53d7&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u6307\u79f0\u8bba\u906e\u853d\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u539f\u521d\u5173\u8054\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u5730\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6784\u6210\u2014\u2014\u901a\u8fc7\u8bed\u8a00&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u627f\u8bfa\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u5ba3\u544a&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8bf4\u4e16\u754c\u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d&#xff0c;\u66f4\u8bf4\u4e16\u754c\u201c\u5e94\u5f53\u5982\u4f55\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u88ab\u6307\u79f0\u8bba\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>12.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u8bba&#xff1a;\u8bed\u8a00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u8303\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u8bba\u3002\u540e\u671f\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u5373\u4f7f\u7528\u201d&#xff0c;\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u4ece\u9759\u6001\u7684\u6307\u79f0\u8f6c\u5411\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u5bb6\u65cf\u76f8\u4f3c\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5185\u5728\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6d1e\u89c1\u662f&#xff1a;\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u5728\u5b83\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u5c31\u50cf\u8d70\u4e00\u6b65\u68cb&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u7531\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u8bba\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u867d\u7136\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765&#xff0c;\u5374\u672a\u80fd\u6df1\u5165\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u4ecd\u7136\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\u652f\u914d\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u76f8\u4e92\u906d\u9047\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u8bba\u96be\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u8bed\u8a00\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u591f\u8d85\u8d8a\u65e2\u6709\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u201c\u609f\u7a7a\u201d\u673a\u5236\u901a\u8fc7\u2018\u60ac\u7f6e\u2019\u4e0e\u2018\u5168\u89c6\u57df\u7efc\u5408\u2019\u6240\u8981\u521b\u9020\u6027\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u2018\u50f5\u5c40\u2019\u65f6\u523b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>12.3 \u5b58\u5728\u8bba&#xff1a;\u8bed\u8a00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u8303\u5f0f\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u3002\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb6\u201d&#xff0c;\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u8a00&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u201d\u5b58\u5728&#xff1b;\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u662f\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6d1e\u89c1\u662f&#xff1a;\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u672c\u6e90\u4e0a\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bed\u8a00&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0&#xff1b;\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u88ab\u5f00\u542f\u3002\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u5bf9\u201c\u8bd7\u610f\u8bed\u8a00\u201d\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03&#xff0c;\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4ea4\u6d41\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u573a\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u8bed\u8a00\u89c2\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u7684\u7f3a\u5931&#xff1a;\u5b83\u672a\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u63ed\u793a\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u5728\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u90a3\u91cc\u4e0e\u6b64\u5728\u7684\u201c\u5728\u4e16\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u76f8\u5173&#xff0c;\u4f46\u201c\u5728\u4e16\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u5982\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d&#xff1f;\u8bed\u8a00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb6\u201d&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u987f\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u539f\u521d\u663e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>12.4 \u4e09\u79cd\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u5171\u540c\u76f2\u70b9<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u89c2\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u79cd\u8303\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u76f2\u70b9&#xff1a;\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u672a\u80fd\u5c06\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7edf\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6307\u79f0\u8bba\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u63cf\u7ed8&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4f7f\u7528\u8bba\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u89c6\u4e3a\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u964d\u683c\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\u652f\u914d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb6&#xff0c;\u4f46\u884c\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u76f2\u70b9\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\u957f\u671f\u5c06\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u7684\u6b21\u7ea7\u73b0\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u672c\u4f53&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u73b0\u8c61&#xff1b;\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u672c\u8d28&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u4f46\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7ffb\u8f6c\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1a;\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8868\u73b0&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u8bed\u8a00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201c\u63cf\u8ff0\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201c\u8868\u8fbe\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u88ab\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u88ab\u4f53\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5ef6\u7eed\u548c\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>12.5 \u8d70\u5411\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8bba<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6279\u5224&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u65b0\u8303\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u884c\u4e3a\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u547d\u9898\u662f&#xff1a;\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6839\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u6307\u79f0\u884c\u4e3a&#xff08;\u800c\u975e\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff08;\u800c\u975e\u547d\u9898&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u547d\u9898\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6df1\u5316\u548c\u6574\u5408&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b83\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u6307\u79f0\u8bba\u7684\u201c\u6307\u5411\u6027\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5c06\u6307\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ece\u201c\u4e8b\u7269\u201d\u8f6c\u5411\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b83\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u8bba\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u8df5\u6027\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u6df1\u5316\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b83\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u7684\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5c06\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb6\u201d\u843d\u5b9e\u4e3a\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u884c\u4e3a\u8bba\u7684\u6839\u672c\u8d21\u732e\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u4ece\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8c08\u8bba\u201d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e3a\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u884c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6784\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u5916\u5148\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u8c08\u8bba\u4e16\u754c&#xff1b;\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u73b0\u3001\u8ba9\u4e16\u754c\u655e\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0 \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u672c\u8d28<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>13.1 \u201c\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u6307\u8bb2\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u6839\u672c\u7684\u610f\u6db5&#xff1a;\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5c06\u884c\u4e3a\u7eb3\u5165\u65f6\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u8d4b\u4e88\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a\u8981\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002 \u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u201c\u4e8b\u540e\u8bb0\u5f55\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6784\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u4e3a\u5728\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u7684\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u53d9\u4e8b\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u2014\u2014\u6211\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u539f\u521d\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u5982\u4e3e\u8d77\u624b\u81c2&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u201c\u6211\u5728\u6253\u62db\u547c\u201d\u201c\u6211\u5728\u793a\u610f\u201d\u201c\u6211\u5728\u953b\u70bc\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002 \u53d9\u4e8b\u5c06\u884c\u4e3a\u7eb3\u5165\u65f6\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u786e\u8ba4&#xff0c;\u672a\u6765\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u548c\u63a8\u6f14\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5f62\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684\u5bb9\u5668&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002 \u53d9\u4e8b\u8d4b\u4e88\u884c\u4e3a\u4ee5\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u6b21\u5931\u8d25\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e3a\u201c\u632b\u6298\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6559\u8bad\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8f6c\u673a\u201d&#xff1b;\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e3a\u201c\u5e78\u8fd0\u201d\u6216\u201c\u52aa\u529b\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5929\u547d\u201d\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5916\u9644\u52a0\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>13.2 \u8bed\u8bcd\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u6839\u6e90<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u6cd5\u8303\u7574\u770b\u4f3c\u662f\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5206\u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u5219\u6e90\u4e8e\u5bf9\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u59cb\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8bcd\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u3001\u60c5\u5883\u5316\u7684&#xff0c;\u6307\u5411\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u573a\u666f\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6f14\u5316&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u6307\u5411\u88ab\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u6839\u6e90\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u201c\u77f3\u5934\u201d&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u66fe\u7ecf\u88ab\u201c\u6254\u201d\u3001\u88ab\u201c\u5792\u201d\u3001\u88ab\u201c\u5750\u201d\u2014\u2014\u77f3\u5934\u662f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u8bf4\u201c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u201d&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5979\u66fe\u7ecf\u201c\u751f\u201d\u201c\u517b\u201d\u201c\u6559\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6bcd\u4eb2\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u3002\u8bf4\u201c\u6b63\u4e49\u201d&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u5206\u914d\u3001\u60e9\u7f5a\u3001\u8865\u507f\u7b49\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u88ab\u5b9e\u8df5\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u7406\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u51dd\u805a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7ef4\u67ef\u5728\u300a\u65b0\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u4e2d\u65e9\u5c31\u6307\u51fa&#xff1a;\u8bed\u8a00\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u8bd7\u6027\u667a\u6167&#xff0c;\u6700\u521d\u7684\u8bed\u8bcd\u90fd\u662f\u9690\u55bb\u6027\u7684&#xff0c;\u90fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u5bf9\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d1e\u89c1\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u884c\u4e3a\u8bba\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u6df1\u5316&#xff1a;\u8bed\u8bcd\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u547d\u540d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6c89\u6dc0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>13.3 \u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u201c\u4e3b-\u8c13\u201d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6d53\u7f29\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4e3b\u8bed\u6307\u793a\u884c\u4e3a\u8005&#xff0c;\u8c13\u8bed\u6307\u793a\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u5bbe\u8bed\u6307\u793a\u884c\u4e3a\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u770b\u4f3c\u9759\u6001\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u53e5\u2014\u2014\u201c\u5929\u662f\u84dd\u7684\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u9690\u542b\u7740\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u662f\u201c\u6211\u770b\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u5929&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u201c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201d\u84dd\u7684\u5929\u3002\u53e5\u5b50\u603b\u662f\u5728\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u88ab\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u6781\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u53d9\u4e8b\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b&#xff0c;\u53e5\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u5fae\u578b\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u4e3a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d53\u7f29\u4e3a\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e3b\u8bed\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u8005&#xff0c;\u8c13\u8bed\u662f\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u5bbe\u8bed\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u72b6\u8bed\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u8865\u8bed\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u8bb2\u8ff0\u67d0\u4e2a\u201c\u8c01\u201d\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u505a\u4e86\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>13.4 \u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u529f\u80fd\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u627f\u8bfa\u662f\u5728\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u6765\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6545\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u201c\u6211\u4fdd\u8bc1\u660e\u5929\u8fd8\u4f60\u94b1\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u6765\u884c\u4e3a&#xff08;\u8fd8\u94b1&#xff09;\u7684\u6545\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5c06\u8bb2\u8ff0\u8005\u672c\u4eba\u7f6e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u4e3b\u89d2\u201d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5728\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u6267\u884c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6545\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u201c\u8bf7\u628a\u95e8\u5173\u4e0a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u8be5\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a&#xff08;\u5173\u95e8&#xff09;\u7684\u6545\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5c06\u542c\u8bdd\u8005\u7f6e\u4e8e\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u6267\u884c\u8005\u201d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba3\u544a\u662f\u5728\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6545\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u201c\u6211\u5ba3\u5e03\u4f1a\u8bae\u5f00\u59cb\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u6240\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u6267\u884c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u201c\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u201d\u5df2\u7ecf\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9&#xff0c;\u4f46\u672a\u80fd\u6df1\u5165\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5\u2014\u2014\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>13.5 \u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u663e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u800c\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u610f\u6db5\u662f\u6df1\u523b\u7684&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e4b\u5916\u201c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8005&#xff0c;\u5c31\u50cf\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u8bf4\u51fa\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u663e\u73b0\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u8005&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u73b0\u2014\u2014\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u7236\u4eb2\u201d\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u6559\u5e08\u201d\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u670b\u53cb\u201d\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u8ba9\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u591a\u5143\u663e\u73b0\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u76f8\u9047\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u603b\u662f\u5bf9\u8c01\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u3001\u5bf9\u8c01\u53d9\u4e8b\u3001\u4e0e\u8c01\u5171\u53d9\u4e8b\u2014\u2014\u53d9\u4e8b\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u7ae0 \u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>14.1 \u8fc7\u53bb&#xff1a;\u4ece\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u4f53\u9a8c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e2d\u7ffb\u51fa\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u6fc0\u6d3b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u201c\u50a8\u5b58\u201d\u548c\u201c\u63d0\u53d6\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u6fc0\u6d3b\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u56de\u5fc6\u7ae5\u5e74&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8c03\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001\u7684\u201c\u7ae5\u5e74\u6863\u6848\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u91cd\u65b0\u4f53\u9a8c\u7ae5\u5e74\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7247\u6bb5\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u7247\u6bb5\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u4e88\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5fe0\u5b9e\u590d\u5236&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u91cd\u6784\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u56de\u5fc6&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u53d9\u4e8b\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u5ffd\u7565\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u5851\u9020\u7740\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6d32\u54f2\u5b66\u5bf9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6d32\u54f2\u5b66\u5bf9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5c24\u4e3a\u6df1\u523b\u3002\u5728\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7956\u5148\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6b7b\u8005\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5728\u573a\u7684\u7075\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u3002\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u56de\u5fc6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u7956\u5148\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u201c\u5728\u573a\u201d\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5fc6&#xff0c;\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u6fc0\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u4e0b\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6784\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u89e3\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5&#xff1a;\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u5df2\u901d\u4e4b\u7269\u7684\u54c0\u60bc&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u3002\u7956\u5148\u201c\u6d3b\u5728\u201d\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6bd4\u55bb&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u7684\u9648\u8ff0\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u8d4b\u5f62<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u53d9\u4e8b\u8d4b\u5f62\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u662f\u98d8\u5ffd\u7684\u3001\u6613\u901d\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u8bb0\u5fc6\u88ab\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u53ef\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u8ba9\u4e2a\u4f53\u8bb0\u5fc6\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u8bb0\u5fc6&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u79c1\u4eba\u4f53\u9a8c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u6765\u8def\u4e4b\u95ee\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u7684\u201c\u6765\u8def\u4e4b\u95ee\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8ffd\u95ee\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6765\u8def\u3001\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u6765\u8def\u3001\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6765\u8def\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u662f\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u6027\u6fc0\u6d3b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8ffd\u95ee\u6765\u8def&#xff0c;\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u91cd\u65b0\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u88ab\u906e\u853d\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u91cd\u65b0\u6f84\u660e\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u201c\u5fd8\u8bb0\u8fc7\u53bb\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u9762\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u8fc7\u53bb\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u4e0b\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>14.2 \u5f53\u4e0b&#xff1a;\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f53\u9a8c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u505a&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u201c\u4f53\u9a8c\u201d\u505a\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f53\u9a8c\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u201c\u9644\u52a0\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u201c\u5185\u89c9\u201d\u2014\u2014\u884c\u4e3a\u603b\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u610f\u5411\u4f53\u9a8c\u201d&#xff08;Erlebnis&#xff09;\u7684\u539f\u521d\u6027\u3002\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u67d0\u7269\u7684\u610f\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0e\u67d0\u7269\u7684\u539f\u521d\u906d\u9047\u3002\u5728\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e0e\u5ba2\u4f53\u5c1a\u672a\u5206\u79bb&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u4ee5\u672a\u88ab\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f4\u63a5\u5448\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u5171\u65f6\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u8bf4\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u201c\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5171\u65f6\u6027\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u201c\u4e8b\u540e\u8ffd\u8ba4\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u6784\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6211\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u8ba9\u6211\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u7684\u201d\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u201c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u201d\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u884c\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u5728\u505a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201d\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u90a3\u4e2a\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5185\u5728\u7684\u8bb2\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u539f\u521d\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bb2\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u5c31\u53ea\u662f\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8&#xff1b;\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bb2\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u624d\u6210\u4e3a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u2014\u2014\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b8c\u6210\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u201d\u610f\u4e49\u786e\u8ba4\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u73af\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u786e\u8ba4\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8b\u540e\u7684\u53cd\u601d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u51b3\u7b56\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u6784\u6210\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c&#xff0c;\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u53d9\u4e8b\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u7684\u201d\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u88ab\u951a\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u201d\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u51b3\u5b9a\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8a00\u8bf4\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002\u8a00\u8bf4\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u6784\u6210\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>14.3 \u672a\u6765&#xff1a;\u4ece\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u662f\u672a\u6765\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ece\u60f3\u8c61\u3001\u63a8\u6f14\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u201c\u5df2\u7136\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6b63\u7136\u201d&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u201c\u672a\u7136\u201d\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u603b\u662f\u4ee5\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u5982\u4f55\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u201c\u4ed6\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u8c01\u201d&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u201c\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u8c01\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u201c\u903b\u8f91\u53ef\u80fd\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u63a8\u6f14\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u9884\u6d4b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u5c06\u6b64\u5728\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u5148\u884c\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6b64\u5728\u603b\u662f\u5411\u7740\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u603b\u662f\u5728\u201c\u6210\u4e3a\u201d\u5b83\u6240\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5148\u884c\u201d\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u672a\u6765\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u5c55\u5f00<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u6765\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b\u88ab\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u627f\u8bfa\u3001\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u9884\u8a00\u3001\u8b66\u544a\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u5728\u5c55\u5f00\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u672a\u6765\u88ab\u201c\u5e26\u5165\u201d\u5f53\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u4e0b\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u6839\u636e\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u8ba9\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u5c1a\u672a\u5230\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6b63\u5728\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u627f\u8bfa\u201c\u660e\u5929\u6211\u4f1a\u6765\u201d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u6211\u662f\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d9\u4e8b\u884c\u4e3a\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u2014\u2014\u6211\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u660e\u5929\u5fc5\u987b\u6765\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u6211\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u88ab\u5c55\u5f00\u3001\u88ab\u6784\u6210\u3001\u88ab\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7efc\u5408<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u201c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7efc\u5408\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u63a2\u7d22\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027&#xff0c;\u751f\u6210\u601d\u60f3\u80da\u80ce\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u6027\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b\u5b9e\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u60f3\u8c61\u65b0\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u7ec4\u5408\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5236\u8861\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u672a\u6765\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u9884\u5148\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7684\u9884\u6d4b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7684\u521b\u9020\u3002\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u88ab\u9884\u6d4b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u88ab\u521b\u9020\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53c2\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u521b\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>14.4 \u4e09\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u7684\u7edf\u4e00&#xff1a;\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u5f53\u4e0b\u3001\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u4e09\u79cd\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u65f6\u95f4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u90fd\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u65f6\u6001&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8bb2\u8ff0\u8fc7\u53bb&#xff0c;\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u8bb2\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6307\u5411\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7406\u89e3&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8bb2\u8ff0\u5f53\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u603b\u662f\u5e26\u7740\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5f00\u542f\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53ef\u80fd&#xff1b;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8bb2\u8ff0\u672a\u6765&#xff0c;\u603b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u88ab\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u5f53\u4e0b\u3001\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6839\u672c\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6301\u7eed\u201c\u5728\u573a\u201d\u7684&#xff1b;\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u5c1a\u672a\u5230\u6765\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u60f3\u8c61\u5df2\u7ecf\u201c\u9884\u5148\u663e\u73b0\u201d\u7684&#xff1b;\u5f53\u4e0b\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u77ac\u95f4\u5373\u901d\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4ea4\u6c47\u70b9\u5177\u6709\u201c\u539a\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u8ba9\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u6d41\u901d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7acb\u4f53\u7684\u4ea4\u7ec7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0 \u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u518d\u5960\u57fa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>15.1 \u5965\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u8bf4\u8bdd\u5c31\u662f\u505a\u4e8b\u3002\u4ed6\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8a00\u5185\u884c\u4e3a&#xff08;locutionary act&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u8bf4\u51fa\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u53e5\u5b50<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8a00\u5916\u884c\u4e3a&#xff08;illocutionary act&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5728\u8bf4\u4e2d\u505a\u7684\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u5982\u627f\u8bfa\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u5ba3\u544a<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8a00\u540e\u884c\u4e3a&#xff08;perlocutionary act&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf4\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u5982\u8bf4\u670d\u3001\u6050\u5413\u3001\u5b89\u6170<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8d21\u732e\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u53ea\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u89c2\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u627f\u8bfa\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u627f\u8bfa&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u627f\u8bfa\u2014\u2014\u8bf4\u8bdd\u5c31\u662f\u505a\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u5c40\u9650&#xff1a;\u5b83\u672a\u80fd\u6df1\u5165\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5\u3002\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u591f\u505a\u4e8b&#xff1f;\u5b83\u4eec\u505a\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u529b\u91cf\u201d\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u90a3\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u5145\u5206\u56de\u7b54\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>15.2 \u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u8bed\u8a00\u884c\u4e3a\u8bba\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u770b&#xff0c;\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6839\u6e90\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u627f\u8bfa\u201d\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u662f\u5728\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bb2\u8ff0\u672c\u8eab\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u62a5\u544a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb2\u8ff0\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u6211\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u627f\u8bfa\u8005\u201d&#xff0c;\u6211\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u88ab\u627f\u8bfa\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u201c\u529b\u91cf\u201d\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u795e\u79d8\u5c5e\u6027&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u539f\u521d\u5173\u8054\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b\u663e\u73b0\u7684&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b\u6539\u53d8\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u6211\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb2\u8ff0\u201c\u6211\u627f\u8bfa\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u6211\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u88ab\u672a\u6765\u884c\u4e3a\u8bc4\u5224\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>15.3 \u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4efb\u4f55\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u53d9\u4e8b\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a\u8005&#xff1a;\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u2014\u2014\u201c\u6211\u201d\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u201d\u201c\u672c\u673a\u6784\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a&#xff1a;\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u672c\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u201c\u627f\u8bfa\u201d\u201c\u547d\u4ee4\u201d\u201c\u5ba3\u544a\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff1a;\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4f60\u201d\u201c\u4f60\u4eec\u201d\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a\u5185\u5bb9&#xff1a;\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u2014\u2014\u88ab\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u88ab\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u88ab\u5ba3\u544a\u7684\u4e8b\u6001<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a\u60c5\u5883&#xff1a;\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u5f0f\/\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u3001\u516c\u5171\/\u79c1\u4eba\u3001\u6709\u6743\u5a01\/\u65e0\u6743\u5a01<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d9\u4e8b\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027&#xff0c;\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u627f\u8bfa\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8005\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u5185\u5bb9&#xff1b;\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u9700\u8981\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u60c5\u5883&#xff1b;\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba3\u544a\u9700\u8981\u7b26\u5408\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574&#xff0c;\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u201c\u5931\u6548\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>15.4 \u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u201d\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u627f\u8bfa\u201d\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u627f\u8bfa&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u81ea\u611f\u754c\u9762\u5b8c\u6210\u6ce8\u518c\u2014\u2014\u6211\u5fc5\u987b\u201c\u611f\u5230\u201d\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u627f\u8bfa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ce8\u518c&#xff0c;\u8a00\u8bed\u5c31\u53ea\u662f\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u58f0\u97f3&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5bf9\u65b9\u542c\u5230\u627f\u8bfa&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u81ea\u611f\u754c\u9762\u5b8c\u6210\u6ce8\u518c\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u65b9\u5fc5\u987b\u201c\u611f\u5230\u201d\u88ab\u627f\u8bfa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ce8\u518c&#xff0c;\u627f\u8bfa\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u63a5\u6536&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u8fdb\u5165\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u201c\u529b\u91cf\u201d&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u201c\u8ba4\u9886\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u627f\u8bfa\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u7ea6\u675f\u529b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u9b54\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u627f\u8bfa\u8005\u548c\u88ab\u627f\u8bfa\u8005\u90fd\u5728\u81ea\u611f\u5c42\u9762\u201c\u8ba4\u9886\u201d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba4\u9886&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>15.5 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\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5728\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684\u821e\u53f0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5f53\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u201d\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u6ce8\u518c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u56fa\u5316&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6743\u529b\u5784\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e09\u91cd\u5f00\u653e\u6027&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00&#xff0c;\u672a\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1\u3002 \u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u59cb\u7ec8\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u672a\u88ab\u601d\u8003\u5360\u636e\u7684\u95f4\u9699\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6700\u4e13\u6ce8\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u9886\u57df&#xff1b;\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6700\u6c89\u6d78\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6df1\u5904\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95f4\u9699\u4f7f\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u5f97\u4ee5\u6d8c\u73b0&#xff0c;\u65b0\u4f53\u9a8c\u5f97\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u610f\u8bc6\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1&#xff0c;\u5c31\u50cf\u786c\u76d8\u88ab\u5199\u6ee1\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5199\u5165\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u6b63\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u53ef\u5199\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c&#xff0c;\u672a\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u56fa\u5316\u3002 \u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u7ec7&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u5355\u4e00\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u3002\u8bb0\u5fc6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca&#xff0c;\u60c5\u611f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u611f\u53d7&#xff0c;\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u6e90\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u81ea\u6027\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u56fa\u5316\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6b7b\u4ea1&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u610f\u5473\u7740\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09&#xff0c;\u672a\u88ab\u6743\u529b\u5784\u65ad\u3002 \u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u6700\u79c1\u5bc6\u7684\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u90e8\u6743\u529b\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u6781\u6743\u7684\u793e\u4f1a&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u4e16\u754c&#xff1b;\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u9884\u6d4b\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6d41\u5411\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5185\u5728\u7684\u81ea\u7531&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u6db5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>16.3 \u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u628a\u63e1\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bd4\u8f83&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7ef4\u5ea6 \u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4 \u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u5e7f\u5ef6\u6027 \u6709\u5e7f\u5ef6&#xff0c;\u5360\u636e\u4f53\u79ef \u65e0\u5e7f\u5ef6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5360\u4f53\u79ef<\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u6027 \u7ebf\u6027\u6d41\u901d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006 \u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684&#xff0c;\u53ef\u5e76\u7f6e\u3001\u53ef\u9006<\/p>\n<p>\u5bb9\u91cf \u6709\u9650&#xff0c;\u6709\u8fb9\u754c \u65e0\u9650&#xff0c;\u65e0\u8fb9\u754c<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5bb9\u5173\u7cfb \u76f8\u4e92\u6392\u65a5&#xff08;\u4e24\u7269\u4e0d\u80fd\u540c\u5360\u4e00\u4f4d&#xff09; \u76f8\u4e92\u5305\u5bb9&#xff08;\u591a\u7269\u53ef\u540c\u5b58&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u6539\u53d8\u65b9\u5f0f \u9700\u8981\u7269\u7406\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u65f6\u95f4 \u4e00\u5ff5\u4e4b\u8f6c&#xff0c;\u5373\u65f6\u6539\u53d8<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u679c\u5f8b \u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5faa\u56e0\u679c\u5f8b \u53ef\u8d85\u8d8a\u56e0\u679c\u5f8b<\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u5171\u6027 \u516c\u5171\u53ef\u89c2\u5bdf \u79c1\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c2\u5bdf<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6839\u672c\u72ec\u7279\u6027&#xff1a;\u5b83\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u7684\u573a\u57df\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u53d7\u7269\u7406\u7ea6\u675f&#xff0c;\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>16.4 \u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u867d\u7136\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u79c1\u5bc6\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u3001\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u81ea\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e92\u52a8\u4e2d\u4e60\u5f97\u7684\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u79c1\u5bc6\u7684\u601d\u8003&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5171\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0e\u4e16\u9694\u7edd\u7684\u5bc6\u5ba4&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e16\u754c\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u201c\u5185\u5316\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u6b21&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u59cb\u7ec8\u9762\u5411\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u601d\u8003\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u603b\u662f\u5728\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u201c\u5bf9\u201d\u67d0\u4eba\u601d\u8003\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ed6\u4eba&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u201c\u8bfb\u8005\u201d&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u672a\u6765\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u9762\u5411\u4ed6\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u5177\u6709\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u8868\u8fbe\u8fdb\u5165\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5185\u5728\u7684\u601d\u8003\u901a\u8fc7\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u827a\u672f\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u88ab\u8868\u8fbe\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eba&#xff0c;\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eba\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u8fbe-\u56de\u5e94-\u518d\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u5faa\u73af&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u6784\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0 \u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5960\u57fa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>17.1 \u201c\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u754c\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u201d\u662f\u300a\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u8bba\u300b\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5&#xff1a;\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u610f\u8c61\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\u3001\u7ec4\u5408\u3001\u521b\u9020\u7684\u80fd\u52a8\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0d\u53d7\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ea6\u675f&#xff0c;\u53ea\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5185\u5728\u5267\u573a\u7684\u603b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08&#xff0c;\u8c03\u5ea6\u7740\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0e\u5f53\u4e0b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u518d\u73b0&#xff0c;\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7740\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8282\u594f&#xff0c;\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7740\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u4e3b\u9898&#xff0c;\u63a8\u6f14\u7740\u672a\u6765\u573a\u666f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5bfc\u6f14\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9690\u55bb\u7684\u6df1\u610f\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u521b\u9020\u8005\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u8c03\u5ea6\u8005\u201d\u3002\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0d\u521b\u9020\u6f14\u5458\u3001\u5267\u672c\u3001\u821e\u53f0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8c03\u5ea6\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5143\u7d20&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u540c\u6837&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0d\u521b\u9020\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8c03\u5ea6\u5b83\u4eec&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u76f8\u9047\u3001\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3001\u878d\u5408&#xff0c;\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>17.2 \u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0e\u5916\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u6839\u672c\u533a\u5206<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0e\u5916\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14&#xff08;\u7535\u5f71\u5bfc\u6f14\u3001\u620f\u5267\u5bfc\u6f14&#xff09;\u5b58\u5728\u6839\u672c\u5dee\u5f02&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u573a\u5730\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5916\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u573a\u5730\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff1a;\u6444\u5f71\u68da\u6709\u5c3a\u5bf8\u9650\u5236&#xff0c;\u5916\u666f\u5730\u53d7\u5929\u6c14\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u9053\u5177\u9700\u8981\u642c\u8fd0\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u7269\u8d28\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u5bcc\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u7684\u5bfc\u6f14&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u9762\u5bf9\u6444\u5f71\u673a\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u6f14\u5458\u7684\u6863\u671f\u3001\u9884\u7b97\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u4ee5\u5176\u60f0\u6027\u62b5\u6297\u7740\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u573a\u5730\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff1a;\u65e0\u8fb9\u65e0\u9645&#xff0c;\u77ac\u606f\u4e07\u53d8&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4efb\u610f\u7f29\u653e\u3002\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6784\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u7a7a\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u5177\u8eab\u5316\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u6700\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u529b\u7684\u675f\u7f1a&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u672c\u7684\u9650\u5236&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6d41\u901d\u2014\u2014\u53ea\u6709\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u521b\u9020\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7d20\u6750\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5916\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u7d20\u6750\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7684&#xff1a;\u6f14\u5458\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u5e03\u666f\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3001\u80f6\u7247\u7684\u5149\u5f71\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7d20\u6750\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u60ef\u6027\u548c\u9650\u5236\u2014\u2014\u6f14\u5458\u4f1a\u75b2\u5026&#xff0c;\u6750\u6599\u4f1a\u635f\u8017&#xff0c;\u5149\u5f71\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5bfc\u6f14\u5fc5\u987b\u5c0a\u91cd\u7d20\u6750\u7684\u201c\u7269\u6027\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3001\u534f\u5546\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u7d20\u6750\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684&#xff1a;\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u610f\u8c61\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7d20\u6750\u6ca1\u6709\u7269\u7406\u7684\u60ef\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u201c\u52bf\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6709\u5176\u60c5\u611f\u8272\u8c03&#xff0c;\u6982\u5ff5\u6709\u5176\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u8054&#xff0c;\u610f\u8c61\u6709\u5176\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u6db5\u3002\u5bfc\u6f14\u9700\u8981\u611f\u77e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u52bf\u201d&#xff0c;\u987a\u52bf\u800c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u5f3a\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5916\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u662f\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u534f\u4f5c\u201d&#xff1a;\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u7f16\u5267\u3001\u6444\u5f71\u3001\u6f14\u5458\u3001\u7f8e\u5de5\u7b49\u65e0\u6570\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u534f\u8c03\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u521b\u9020&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u6f14\u9700\u8981\u6574\u5408\u8fd9\u4e9b\u591a\u5143\u7684\u521b\u9020&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6574\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u662f\u201c\u72ec\u767d\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d&#xff1a;\u770b\u4f3c\u662f\u72ec\u81ea\u4e00\u4eba&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u5219\u5185\u5728\u6709\u65e0\u6570\u201c\u58f0\u97f3\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u5bfc\u6f14\u9700\u8981\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u58f0\u97f3\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3001\u8fa9\u8bba\u3001\u534f\u5546&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u8fbe\u6210\u67d0\u79cd\u201c\u5171\u8bc6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u54c1\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5916\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u201c\u516c\u5171\u7684\u201d&#xff1a;\u7535\u5f71\u88ab\u653e\u6620&#xff0c;\u88ab\u65e0\u6570\u89c2\u4f17\u89c2\u770b\u3001\u8ba8\u8bba\u3001\u8bc4\u5224\u3002\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e00\u65e6\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u5c31\u8131\u79bb\u5bfc\u6f14&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u83b7\u5f97\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u201c\u79c1\u5bc6\u7684\u201d&#xff1a;\u601d\u8003\u7684\u6210\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u8868\u8fbe\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u88ab\u8868\u8fbe&#xff0c;\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u601d\u8003\u7684\u201c\u7ed3\u679c\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u601d\u8003\u7684\u201c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u201d\u3002\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1&#xff0c;\u6c38\u8fdc\u53ea\u5bf9\u5bfc\u6f14\u81ea\u5df1\u201c\u5168\u606f\u201d\u5448\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>17.3 \u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u9650\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u5177\u6709\u5916\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u65e0\u6cd5\u6bd4\u62df\u7684\u81ea\u7531&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0d\u53d7\u7269\u7406\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u521b\u9020\u4efb\u4f55\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53d7\u7269\u8d28\u6761\u4ef6\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0d\u53d7\u65f6\u95f4\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u8c03\u5ea6\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u3001\u672a\u6765&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53d7\u7ebf\u6027\u65f6\u95f4\u675f\u7f1a<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0d\u53d7\u6210\u672c\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u4efb\u4f55\u60f3\u8c61\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9884\u7b97&#xff0c;\u4efb\u4f55\u521b\u9020\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6295\u8d44<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0d\u53d7\u4ed6\u4eba\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u534f\u5546&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u4e3b\u51b3\u7b56<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u9650\u5ea6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53d7\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u610f\u8bc6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u65e0\u9650\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u53ea\u80fd\u805a\u7126\u6709\u9650\u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53d7\u8bb0\u5fc6\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u601d\u8003\u7684\u7d20\u6750&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8bb0\u5fc6\u53ef\u80fd\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u626d\u66f2\u3001\u9057\u5fd8<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53d7\u8ba4\u77e5\u60ef\u6027\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u601d\u7ef4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u6cbf\u7740\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8f68\u9053\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u7a81\u7834\u60ef\u6027\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u89c9\u52aa\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53d7\u60c5\u611f\u5236\u7ea6\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;\u60c5\u611f\u53ef\u80fd\u906e\u853d\u67d0\u4e9b\u89c6\u89d2&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u5316\u67d0\u4e9b\u503e\u5411&#xff0c;\u5f71\u54cd\u601d\u8003\u7684\u5e73\u8861<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u827a\u672f&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00\u2014\u2014\u65e2\u8981\u8fd0\u7528\u81ea\u7531\u53bb\u521b\u9020&#xff0c;\u53c8\u8981\u9762\u5bf9\u9650\u5ea6\u53bb\u8c03\u6574&#xff1b;\u65e2\u8981\u8d85\u8d8a\u60ef\u6027&#xff0c;\u53c8\u8981\u5c0a\u91cd\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>17.4 \u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0e\u201c\u6211\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0e\u201c\u6211\u201d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1f;\u5b83\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u672c\u8eab&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u770b&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u4f53&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u601d\u8003\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u5728\u601d\u8003\u201d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u6211\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u601d\u8003\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53&#xff0c;\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u8c01\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u8003\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u201c\u5bfc\u6f14\u201d\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u5728\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5b83\u662f\u4e13\u6ce8\u7684\u3001\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u3001\u6709\u529b\u7684&#xff1b;\u6709\u65f6\u5b83\u662f\u6da3\u6563\u7684\u3001\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u529b\u7684\u3002\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6210\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u201c\u6211\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u5728\u601d\u8003\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u201c\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u89c9\u5bdf\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u89c9\u5bdf\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u5728\u601d\u8003&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c9\u5bdf\u8005\u662f\u8c01&#xff1f;\u5b83\u662f\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u89c9\u5bdf&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u89e6\u53ca\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u2014\u2014\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6307\u6d89\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>17.5 \u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u672c\u8d28<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u6700\u7ec8\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u601d\u60f3&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u601d\u60f3\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u80fd\u591f\u601d\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5b83\u7a7a\u65e0\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u5185\u5bb9\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u53ef\u88ab\u5bf9\u8c61\u5316\u2014\u2014\u4efb\u4f55\u8bd5\u56fe\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b83\u7684\u52aa\u529b&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5b83\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a7a\u6027\u672c\u8d28&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u6211\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u7684\u601d\u60f3&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u2014\u2014\u6211\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u6df1\u5165\u5185\u89c2&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0&#xff1a;\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u6765\u53bb\u53bb&#xff0c;\u4f46\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u59cb\u7ec8\u5728\u573a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u672c\u6765\u9762\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u516b\u7ae0 \u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u6027\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>18.1 \u4ece\u53d9\u4e8b\u5230\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u6027\u201d\u662f\u300a\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u8bba\u300b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5&#xff1a;\u90a3\u4e2a\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u6210\u5f62\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u539f\u521d\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7f3a\u5931&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7a7a\u767d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b55\u80b2&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u7f3a\u5e2d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u6700\u539f\u521d\u7684\u7efd\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u6027\u201d\u7684\u5173\u952e&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e8e\u533a\u5206\u201c\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u6b21&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u3001\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u7ed3\u5c3e&#xff0c;\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8005\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u6709\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u3001\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u533a\u5206&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f97\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u4ece\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u201c\u751f\u201d\u51fa\u6765\u7684&#xff0c;\u5c31\u50cf\u6ce2\u6d6a\u4ece\u5927\u6d77\u4e2d\u6d8c\u8d77\u3002\u6ce2\u6d6a\u662f\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3001\u6709\u5f62\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u533a\u5206\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6765\u81ea\u65e0\u5f62\u7684\u5927\u6d77\u3002\u540c\u6837&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3001\u6709\u5f62\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5f62\u6001&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u65e0\u5f62\u4e4b\u6d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>18.2 \u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u9650\u5ea6\u4e0e\u201c\u524d\u201d\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u6709\u5176\u5185\u5728\u7684\u9650\u5ea6\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u53d9\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u6709\u635f\u538b\u7f29\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u7b5b\u9009\u3001\u7b80\u5316\u3001\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u4ece\u6df7\u6c8c\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6d41\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5fc5\u7136\u9057\u6f0f\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282&#xff0c;\u5ffd\u7565\u67d0\u4e9b\u89c6\u89d2&#xff0c;\u7b80\u5316\u67d0\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e00\u65e6\u6210\u5f62&#xff0c;\u5c31\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u56fa\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u88ab\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u88ab\u53cd\u590d\u8bb2\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u771f\u7406\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u8d28\u7591&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u56fa\u5316\u6b63\u662f\u201c\u609f\u7a7a\u201d\u6240\u8981\u6253\u7834\u7684\u201c\u50f5\u5c40\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u5bf9\u53d9\u4e8b\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec&#xff1a;\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e4b\u5916&#xff0c;\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u539f\u521d\u7684\u9886\u57df\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u90a3\u91cc\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u6e90\u5934\u6d3b\u6c34\u201d&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u65b0\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f97\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>18.3 \u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u201c\u52a8\u201d\u201c\u4e00\u201d\u201c\u6e90\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5177\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u6839\u672c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6027&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u6709\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u601d\u60f3&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u60c5\u611f&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u8c61&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0d\u662f\u56fe\u50cf&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f7f\u56fe\u50cf\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0&#xff1b;\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0d\u662f\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f7f\u5185\u5bb9\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u65e0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u8bf8\u4e00\u5207\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\u6240\u201c\u4f4f\u201d\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u751f\u4e07\u6709&#xff1b;\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u4f4f&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u5e94\u65e0\u6240\u4f4f\u800c\u751f\u5176\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u52a8\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6b62\u7684\u865a\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u201c\u52a8\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u7684&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5f62\u6001&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c31\u662f\u8d6b\u62c9\u514b\u5229\u7279\u7684\u201c\u6cb3\u6d41\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e24\u6b21\u8e0f\u5165\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u6cb3\u6d41&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u6cb3\u6c34\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u52a8\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u840c\u52a8\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d8c\u73b0\u3001\u4ea4\u7ec7\u3001\u6d88\u901d\u3002\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u91cf\u5b50\u573a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u90a3\u91cc&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u5728\u53d1\u751f&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u201c\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u751f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u4e00\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u201c\u591a\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3001\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u591a\u201d\u3002\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u524d\u533a\u5206\u7684\u3001\u524d\u5206\u5316\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6d51\u6c8c\u201d\u201c\u592a\u6781\u201d\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u672a\u5206\u5316\u6574\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4e00\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6b62\u7684\u7edf\u4e00&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u6574\u5168\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u76f8\u4e92\u8574\u542b\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u6e17\u900f\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u201c\u591a\u201d\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u201c\u591a\u201d\u7684\u5f52\u5bbf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u6e90\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u53d9\u4e8b\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u8fd9\u7247\u539f\u521d\u4e4b\u6d77\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u6e90\u5934\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u201c\u6e90\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff08;\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u5904&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff08;\u59cb\u7ec8\u5728\u573a&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u6e90\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u79bb\u5f00\u201d\u7684\u8d77\u70b9&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u5728\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6700\u590d\u6742\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e5f\u5728\u6df1\u5904\u6d8c\u52a8&#xff1b;\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6700\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e5f\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u6d41\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>18.4 \u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a\u4ece\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u884c\u52a8\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u201c\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\u201d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u6309\u8ba1\u5212\u6267\u884c\u3002\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u5b55\u80b2\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u51b2\u52a8&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u610f\u5411&#xff0c;\u9010\u6e10\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u6210\u5f62\u3001\u6700\u7ec8\u201c\u5916\u5316\u201d\u4e3a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u7efd\u51fa\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4ece\u539f\u521d\u4e4b\u57df\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165\u53ef\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5916\u5316\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0e\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4fdd\u6301\u5173\u8054\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u75d5\u8ff9&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u4ece\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u8981\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u5728\u5fc3\u4e2d\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u53e5\u5b50&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u628a\u5b83\u8bf4\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u8bdd\u8bed\u662f\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u201c\u8981\u8bf4\u70b9\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7684\u610f\u5411&#xff0c;\u9010\u6e10\u51dd\u805a\u4e3a\u8bed\u8bcd\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3a\u53e5\u5b50\u3001\u6700\u7ec8\u201c\u8bf4\u51fa\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u8d4b\u5f62\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u628a\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u51dd\u805a\u4e3a\u53ef\u4f20\u8fbe\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u88ab\u8bf4\u51fa\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0e\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4fdd\u6301\u5173\u8054\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u5728\u542c\u8005\u7684\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6fc0\u8d77\u56de\u54cd&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u201c\u5c1a\u672a\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\u5b58\u5728\u6c38\u8fdc\u6709\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5b58\u5728\u8005&#xff0c;\u65e0\u8bba\u88ab\u5982\u4f55\u5145\u5206\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u90fd\u6c38\u8fdc\u6709\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u8bed\u8a00\u6355\u6349\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u6982\u5ff5\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u6545\u4e8b\u7a77\u5c3d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u201c\u4e30\u76c8\u201d\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c38\u8fdc\u6709\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u6c38\u8fdc\u6709\u672a\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>18.5 \u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u8bf4\u4e0e\u53ef\u4f53\u8bc1<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5728\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u8bf4\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4efb\u4f55\u8bd5\u56fe\u8a00\u8bf4\u5b83\u7684\u52aa\u529b&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u5b83\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u8bf4\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f53\u8bc1\u3002\u4e1c\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u79cd\u79cd\u201c\u4ee5\u624b\u6307\u6708\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\u201c\u7a7a\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u5728\u4fee\u884c\u3001\u827a\u672f\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u4e2d\u53bb\u4f53\u8bc1\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7985\u5b97\u7684\u201c\u4e0d\u7acb\u6587\u5b57&#xff0c;\u6559\u5916\u522b\u4f20&#xff0c;\u76f4\u6307\u4eba\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u89c1\u6027\u6210\u4f5b\u201d&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f53\u8bc1\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u63ed\u793a\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u8bd5\u56fe\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\u201c\u7a7a\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u79cd\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u516c\u6848\u3001\u68d2\u559d\u3001\u9ed8\u7167\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u4eba\u76f4\u63a5\u4f53\u8bc1\u90a3\u4e2a\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9053\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u9053\u53ef\u9053&#xff0c;\u975e\u5e38\u9053\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u3002\u9053\u4e0d\u53ef\u9053&#xff0c;\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u4f53\u9053\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u865a\u9759\u3001\u65e0\u4e3a\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u4e2d\u4e0e\u9053\u5408\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4f53\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u5934\u8111\u53bb\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7528\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u53bb\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0 \u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u56db\u91cd\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8df5\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u56db\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff1a;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff08;\u53d9\u4e8b\u8c03\u5ea6&#xff09;\u3001\u524d\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff08;\u4f53\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1&#xff09;\u3001\u524d\u7ec4\u7ec7&#xff08;\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u7ec7&#xff09;\u3001\u524d\u63a8\u6f14&#xff08;\u53ef\u80fd\u63a8\u6f14&#xff09;\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u91cd\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u4ece\u201c\u4eceX\u5230\u524dX\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5c55\u5f00&#xff0c;\u63ed\u793a\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ca\u5176\u521b\u9020\u6f5c\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>19.1 \u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u53d9\u4e8b\u8c03\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u53d9\u4e8b\u5230\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u2014\u2014\u56de\u5fc6\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u62a5\u544a\u5f53\u4e0b\u3001\u8ba1\u5212\u672a\u6765\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u6d3b\u52a8\u88ab\u201c\u524d\u79fb\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u5f62\u4e3a\u53ef\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u8c03\u5ea6\u7740\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8bb2\u8ff0\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6545\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b55\u80b2\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u518d\u73b0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9884\u6f14\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u56fa\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u8005\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5b55\u80b2\u8005\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u6025\u4e8e\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u56fa\u5316\u6545\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u6545\u4e8b\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u6162\u6162\u6210\u5f62\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u76f8\u4e92\u78b0\u649e&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u7ec7&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u76f8\u4e92\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u201c\u5267\u672c\u5b75\u5316\u201d\u9636\u6bb5\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u5267\u672c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5267\u672c&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u548c\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u521b\u610f\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8fc7\u65e9\u95ed\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6f5c\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6f5c\u529b\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u6545\u4e8b\u4ee5\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u3001\u66f4\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u751f\u6210\u3002\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b&#xff08;\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u91cd\u7248\u672c&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5b55\u80b2\u65e0\u6570\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u4e92\u6ecb\u517b\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u7a81\u7834&#xff0c;\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5728\u52a8\u7b14\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u201c\u915d\u917f\u201d&#xff0c;\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u201c\u731c\u60f3\u201d&#xff0c;\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u201c\u76f4\u89c9\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u6210\u54c1&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u5207\u6210\u54c1\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>19.2 \u524d\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff1a;\u4f53\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u524d\u4f53\u9a8c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u906d\u9047\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u611f\u53d7\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u524d\u4f53\u9a8c\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u4f53\u9a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u2014\u2014\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u5728\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u9884\u5148\u611f\u53d7\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u4f53\u9a8c\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u88ab\u201c\u9884\u6f14\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9884\u6d4b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u521b\u9020\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u4f53\u9a8c\u53d1\u751f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u4f53\u9a8c\u5728\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u63d0\u524d\u751f\u6210\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7\u611f\u53d7&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u611f\u53d7\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u524d\u4f53\u9a8c\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u662f\u201c\u4f53\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u672a\u6765\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u9884\u5148\u7f6e\u8eab\u5176\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u611f\u53d7\u90a3\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u7684\u6c1b\u56f4&#xff0c;\u4f53\u9a8c\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u60c5\u7eea&#xff0c;\u4f53\u5bdf\u90a3\u4e2a\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u9884\u6f14\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u63a8\u6d4b&#xff08;\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u505aA&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751fB\u201d&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u2014\u2014\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u201c\u7ecf\u5386\u201d\u90a3\u4e2a\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u3002\u5f53\u9884\u6f14\u8db3\u591f\u5145\u5206&#xff0c;\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u201c\u9884\u5148\u663e\u73b0\u201d&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u4e0b\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u6839\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6f5c\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6f5c\u529b\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u201c\u8bd5\u9519\u201d\u3002\u5728\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u4f53\u9a8c\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60&#xff0c;\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4ed8\u51fa\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u5728\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u4f53\u9a8c\u6210\u529f&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u53d7\u52a8\u529b&#xff0c;\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u7b49\u5f85\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u524d\u4f53\u9a8c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u201d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u627f\u53d7\u8005&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u521b\u9020\u8005\u2014\u2014\u901a\u8fc7\u524d\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u611f&#xff08;\u5982\u52c7\u6c14\u3001\u6148\u60b2&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8f6c\u5316\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u611f&#xff08;\u5982\u6050\u60e7\u3001\u6124\u6012&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u60c5\u611f\u6210\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u969c\u788d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>19.3 \u524d\u7ec4\u7ec7&#xff1a;\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5230\u524d\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u5bf9\u5df2\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5217\u7ec4\u5408\u2014\u2014\u5b89\u6392\u65e5\u7a0b\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u524d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6d3b\u52a8\u88ab\u201c\u524d\u79fb\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u5143\u7d20\u5c1a\u672a\u6e05\u6670\u5206\u5316\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u7740\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u5df2\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6392\u5217&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5b55\u80b2\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u6e05\u6670\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6784\u5efa&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u6a21\u7cca\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6846\u67b6\u56fa\u5b9a\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u6846\u67b6\u5728\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u81ea\u7136\u751f\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u524d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u662f\u201c\u7ed3\u6784\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u6025\u4e8e\u5c06\u601d\u60f3\u7eb3\u5165\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u81ea\u7136\u751f\u957f&#xff0c;\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5f62\u6210\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u81ea\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u690d\u7269\u7684\u751f\u957f\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u6709\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u7136\u540e\u586b\u5145\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5185\u5bb9\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u751f\u957f\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u654f\u611f&#xff0c;\u6355\u6349\u601d\u60f3\u4e4b\u95f4\u81ea\u7136\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f3a\u884c\u65bd\u52a0\u5916\u5728\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6f5c\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6f5c\u529b\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u66f4\u6709\u673a\u3001\u66f4\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u751f\u6210\u3002\u5f53\u601d\u60f3\u88ab\u5f3a\u884c\u7eb3\u5165\u73b0\u6210\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u626d\u66f2\u3001\u88ab\u7b80\u5316\u3001\u88ab\u538b\u6291\u3002\u5f53\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8282\u594f\u4e2d\u751f\u957f&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u539f\u521b\u6027\u7684\u601d\u60f3&#xff0c;\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u79cd\u6709\u673a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u751f\u6210\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u73b0\u6210\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6df1\u5904\u81ea\u7136\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u751f\u957f\u8f68\u8ff9\u201d&#xff0c;\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u5185\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u201d&#xff0c;\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u6001\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>19.4 \u524d\u63a8\u6f14&#xff1a;\u53ef\u80fd\u63a8\u6f14<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u63a8\u6f14\u5230\u524d\u63a8\u6f14<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u63a8\u6f14\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u5bf9\u786e\u5b9a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u5bfc\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679cA\u5219B&#xff0c;\u5982\u679cB\u5219C\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u524d\u63a8\u6f14\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u63a8\u6f14\u6d3b\u52a8\u88ab\u201c\u524d\u79fb\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5c1a\u672a\u786e\u5b9a\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u7740\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u786e\u5b9a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u63a8\u5bfc&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u524d\u63d0\u63a8\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u822a\u884c\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u53ef\u80fd\u5c3d\u60c5\u5c55\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u63a8\u6f14\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u524d\u63a8\u6f14\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u662f\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u6025\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u54ea\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u201c\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5145\u5206\u5c55\u5f00\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u4e92\u78b0\u649e\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u878d\u5408\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u5316&#xff0c;\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u201c\u5934\u8111\u98ce\u66b4\u201d\u9636\u6bb5\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u8bc4\u5224\u60f3\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u751f\u6210\u60f3\u6cd5&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u7b5b\u9009\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6269\u5c55\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8fc7\u65e9\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u63a8\u6f14\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6f5c\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u63a8\u6f14\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6f5c\u529b\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a81\u7834\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u201d\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u601d\u7ef4\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u6846\u67b6\u6240\u9650\u5236&#xff0c;\u53ea\u80fd\u60f3\u8c61\u90a3\u4e9b\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5728\u524d\u63a8\u6f14\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u90a3\u4e9b\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u73b0\u6709\u6846\u67b6\u6392\u9664\u7684\u3001\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u521b\u9020&#xff0c;\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u65e2\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa\u6765\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u65e2\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u63a2\u7d22&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u7ae0 \u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>20.1 \u4ece\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5230\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e24\u6781\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5230\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6c38\u6052\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b55\u80b2&#xff1a;\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5728\u6697\u4e2d\u5b55\u80b2\u3002\u5404\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u2014\u2014\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u788e\u7247\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u6d8c\u52a8\u3001\u610f\u8c61\u7684\u95ea\u73b0\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u840c\u82bd\u2014\u2014\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6df1\u5904\u4ea4\u7ec7\u3001\u78b0\u649e\u3001\u878d\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u65b9\u5411&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6210\u5f62&#xff1a;\u67d0\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f00\u59cb\u51dd\u805a&#xff0c;\u9010\u6e10\u5f62\u6210\u53ef\u8fa8\u8bc6\u7684\u201c\u5f62\u72b6\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4ece\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u6d6e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a5\u8fd1\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6d8c\u73b0&#xff1a;\u51dd\u805a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u7a81\u7834\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8fb9\u754c&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8868\u8fbe\u3001\u88ab\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u88ab\u53cd\u601d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77ac\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u201d\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u8bde\u751f&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u573a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u56fa\u5316&#xff1a;\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u3001\u53ef\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u201c\u6545\u4e8b\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u83b7\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5316&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u79ef\u7d2f\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f20\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>20.2 \u4ece\u53d9\u4e8b\u5230\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u56de\u5f52<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u7ec8\u70b9\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u53d9\u4e8b\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u65ad\u56de\u5f52\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u751f\u547d\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56de\u5f52\u8fc7\u7a0b\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u6784&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6784&#xff0c;\u63ed\u793a\u5b83\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6027\u3001\u6709\u9650\u6027\u3001\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u53d9\u4e8b\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u5b83\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f00\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60ac\u7f6e&#xff1a;\u6682\u65f6\u6401\u7f6e\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u610f\u8bc6\u56de\u5f52\u7a7a\u6027\u3002\u201c\u609f\u7a7a\u201d\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60ac\u7f6e\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u6682\u9000&#xff0c;\u56de\u5230\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6ecb\u517b&#xff1a;\u8ba9\u53d9\u4e8b\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u201c\u6d78\u6ce1\u201d\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u5e72\u6db8\u7684\u6d77\u7ef5\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u6d78\u5165\u6c34\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u6d78\u5165\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e4b\u6d77&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u6062\u590d\u6d3b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u751f&#xff1a;\u7ecf\u8fc7\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6ecb\u517b&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u91cd\u751f\u3002\u5b83\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027&#xff0c;\u5305\u5bb9\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u89c6\u89d2&#xff0c;\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>20.3 \u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8c03\u8282\u8005<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u8fd9\u5bf9\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8c03\u8282\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e0e\u5f00\u542f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u8fc7\u4e8e\u56fa\u5316&#xff0c;\u5f53\u610f\u4e49\u9677\u5165\u50f5\u5c40&#xff0c;\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u6fc0\u6d3b\u3002\u5b83\u60ac\u7f6e\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u610f\u8bc6\u56de\u5f52\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u9003\u907f\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u53d9\u4e8b\u6ce8\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u662f\u201c\u7834\u201d\u2014\u2014\u7834\u9664\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6267\u7740\u3002\u5b83\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230&#xff1a;\u4efb\u4f55\u53d9\u4e8b\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u53ef\u80fd\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd&#xff0c;\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u4ee5\u624b\u6307\u6708\u201d\u7684\u624b\u6307&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u6708\u4eae\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7834\u6267&#xff0c;\u609f\u7a7a\u4e3a\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u517b\u62a4\u4e0e\u5b88\u62a4<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u53d9\u4e8b\u4ece\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0&#xff0c;\u5f53\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u8d1f\u8d23\u517b\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u5b88\u62a4\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8ba9\u5b83\u8fc7\u65e9\u95ed\u5408&#xff1b;\u5b83\u517b\u62a4\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u751f\u957f&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8ba9\u5b83\u88ab\u5916\u529b\u626d\u66f2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u662f\u201c\u7acb\u201d\u2014\u2014\u7acb\u8d77\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6761\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u7acb\u8d77\u610f\u4e49\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u7ed9\u51fa\u7b54\u6848&#xff0c;\u53ea\u5b88\u62a4\u8ffd\u95ee\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u517b\u62a4&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u8ba9\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u80fd\u591f\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u5730\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e3a\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u8fd0\u52a8<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u6784\u6210\u8fa9\u8bc1\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8&#xff1a;\u609f\u7a7a\u6253\u5f00\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u517b\u62a4\u751f\u957f&#xff1b;\u609f\u7a7a\u7834\u6267&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u7acb\u5883&#xff1b;\u609f\u7a7a\u8ba9\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u6d8c\u73b0&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u8ba9\u53d9\u4e8b\u56de\u5f52\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u751f\u4e0d\u606f\u7684\u6839\u672c\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>20.4 \u5185\u89c2\u7167\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u89c9\u77e5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u662f\u5bf9\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u89c9\u77e5\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53d9\u4e8b\u53bb\u8ba4\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u5728\u53bb\u4f53\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u4e0d\u662f\u601d\u8003&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u601d\u8003\u7684\u89c9\u5bdf\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u601d\u8003&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u89c9\u5bdf\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u8bd5\u56fe\u6355\u6349\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff08;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5bb9&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b89\u4f4f\u4e8e\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c9\u77e5\u9700\u8981\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u53d9\u4e8b\u5360\u636e\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u601d\u8003\u3001\u56de\u5fc6\u3001\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u8bc4\u5224\u3002\u8981\u89c9\u5bdf\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6682\u65f6\u6401\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d9\u4e8b\u6d3b\u52a8&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u610f\u8bc6\u56de\u5f52\u5b83\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u7684\u4fee\u884c&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u56de\u5f52\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e90\u5934\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u9759\u5750\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5728\u884c\u8d70\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u65e5\u5e38\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec3\u4e60\u201c\u8fd4\u89c2\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5411\u5916\u8ffd\u9010\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5411\u5185\u56de\u5f52\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u6e10\u6e10\u5730&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u5b89\u4f4f&#xff0c;\u5b66\u4f1a\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u81ea\u7136\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>20.5 \u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u5c45\u4f4f\u201d\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d&#xff08;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u201c\u5c45\u4f4f\u201d&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u4ece\u90a3\u91cc\u6765&#xff0c;\u603b\u662f\u8981\u56de\u90a3\u91cc\u53bb\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u56de\u5f52\u7a7a\u6027\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u56de\u5f52\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bb6\u56ed\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u62e5\u6709\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u201c\u5728\u9014\u4e2d\u201d\u671d\u5411\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb&#xff08;\u6211\u4eec\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u90a3\u91cc&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5728\u672a\u6765&#xff08;\u6211\u4eec\u7ec8\u5c06\u56de\u53bb&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u80cc\u540e&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u601d\u8003\u7684\u6df1\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u5373\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u6709\u201d\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u751f\u6210\u3001\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u6d8c\u73b0\u3001\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u56de\u5f52\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u6700\u6df1\u7684\u5965\u79d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u5377 \u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u8bba&#xff1a;\u821e\u53f0\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u81ea\u751f\u79e9\u5e8f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0 \u89c4\u5219\u5165O&#xff1a;\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u53bb\u795e\u5723\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>21.1 \u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;\u6784\u6210\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u8c03\u8282\u6027\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u585e\u5c14\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u89c4\u5219&#xff1a;\u6784\u6210\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u8c03\u8282\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8c03\u8282\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u8c03\u8282\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u4ea4\u901a\u89c4\u5219\u8c03\u8282\u9a7e\u9a76\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u9a7e\u9a76\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u4ea4\u901a\u89c4\u5219\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea4\u901a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5730\u65b9&#xff0c;\u4eba\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a7e\u9a76&#xff0c;\u53ea\u662f\u9a7e\u9a76\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8c03\u8282\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u534f\u8c03\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6784\u6210\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u6784\u6210\u884c\u4e3a\u672c\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u4e0b\u68cb\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8c03\u8282\u4e0b\u68cb&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u6784\u6210\u201c\u4e0b\u68cb\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u4e0b\u68cb\u201d\u3002\u4e0b\u68cb\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u89c4\u5219\u4e4b\u5916\u5148\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u88ab\u89c4\u5219\u8c03\u8282&#xff1b;\u800c\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u4f7f\u4e0b\u68cb\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u6784\u6210\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u533a\u5206\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u67d0\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u7531\u89c4\u5219\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u56fa\u5316\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u201c\u8c03\u8282\u201d\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u201c\u6784\u6210\u201d\u884c\u4e3a&#xff1b;\u609f\u7a7a\u60ac\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u88ab\u89c4\u5219\u6784\u6210\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u56de\u5f52\u5230\u66f4\u539f\u521d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>21.2 \u89c4\u5219\u5165O\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u9769\u547d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u660e\u786e\u5730\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e76\u7f6e\u4e8e\u201c\u5ba2\u89c2\u503c&#xff08;O&#xff09;\u201d\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u89c4\u5219\u5165O\u201d\u7684\u4e3e\u63aa&#xff0c;\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u9759\u9ed8\u800c\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u9769\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53bb\u795e\u5723\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4ece\u5929\u800c\u964d\u7684\u201c\u5f8b\u4ee4\u201d\u6216\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec8\u6781\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u610f\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e00\u79cd\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u9762\u5bf9\u3001\u5229\u7528\u3001\u89c4\u907f\u6216\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6761\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5982\u540c\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u683c\u7ebf\u3001\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u795e\u5723\u6027\u88ab\u5265\u79bb&#xff0c;\u5b83\u88ab\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u53ef\u5ba1\u89c6\u3001\u53ef\u8d28\u7591\u3001\u53ef\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u53bb\u9b45\u2014\u2014\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u7f6e\u7591\u7684\u201c\u5929\u6761\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u4ea7\u7269&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u63a5\u53d7\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u89c4\u5219\u662fO\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4fbf\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u201c\u4e09\u503c\u7ea0\u7f20\u201d\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u573a\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u65e2\u7ea6\u675f\u7740\u6b32\u671b&#xff08;D&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5851\u9020\u7740\u81ea\u611f&#xff08;S&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u81ea\u8eab\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u6b32\u671b\u4e0e\u81ea\u611f\u8bd5\u56fe\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u6539\u9020\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u4ece\u4e0d\u5bb9\u7f6e\u7591\u7684\u88c1\u5224&#xff0c;\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u535a\u5f08\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7d20\u6750\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5916\u5728\u4e8e\u535a\u5f08\u7684\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u535a\u5f08\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u535a\u5f08&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c31\u89c4\u5219\u672c\u8eab\u8fdb\u884c\u535a\u5f08\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u8fdb\u5316\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u5165O\u4f7f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u89c4\u5219\u662fO\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u800cO\u662f\u5728DOS\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u4e0eD\u3001S\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u88ab\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u6311\u6218\u3001\u88ab\u4fee\u6b63\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u529b\u91cf\u5f3a\u52a0\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5728\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u6765\u81ea\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff08;S\u6ce8\u518c&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6765\u81ea\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6539\u53d8\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6b32\u671b&#xff08;D&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6765\u81ea\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5ba1\u8bae&#xff08;\u5171\u8bc6\u50ac\u5316&#xff09;\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u751f\u547d\u529b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u8bde\u751f\u65f6\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u3001\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u5171\u8bc6\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\u671d\u5411\u5584\u597d\u6c38\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>21.3 \u89c4\u5219\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u5165O\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u6db5\u662f&#xff1a;\u89c4\u5219\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u795e\u5723\u5316&#xff0c;\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5bb9\u7f6e\u7591\u7684\u201c\u5929\u6761\u201d&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8d28\u7591\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u2014\u2014\u8d28\u7591\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u8d28\u7591\u6743\u5a01&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u4eb5\u6e0e\u795e\u5723\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u795e\u5723\u5316\u6b63\u662f\u6743\u529b\u5de9\u56fa\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u624b\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u89c4\u5219\u795e\u5723\u5316&#xff0c;\u6743\u529b\u4f7f\u89c4\u5219\u514d\u53d7\u8d28\u7591&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u81ea\u8eab\u514d\u53d7\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u7f6e\u4e8eO\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u4ea7\u7269&#xff0c;\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d28\u7591&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406&#xff1f;\u5b83\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u8c01\u7684\u5229\u76ca&#xff1f;\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u9884\u671f\u7684\u6548\u679c&#xff1f;\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6539\u8fdb&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7f3a\u9677&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u751f\u547d\u529b\u6240\u5728\u3002\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u624d\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\u4e2d\u88ab\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u8c03\u6574\u3001\u88ab\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u6b7b\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u56fa\u5316\u3001\u88ab\u50f5\u5316\u3001\u6700\u7ec8\u88ab\u5386\u53f2\u629b\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>21.4 \u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u5165O\u4e5f\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u67d0\u79cd\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u8c01\u5236\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219&#xff1f;\u8c01\u89e3\u91ca\u89c4\u5219&#xff1f;\u8c01\u6267\u884c\u89c4\u5219&#xff1f;\u8c01\u4ece\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u6d89\u53ca\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u6743\u529b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u7f6e\u4e8eO\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u6743\u529b\u5c31\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u6839\u672c\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u6743\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5236\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1b;\u6743\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u5784\u65ad\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff1b;\u6743\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u963b\u6b62\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6743\u529b\u4e0e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u5065\u5eb7\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u6743\u529b\u9700\u8981\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u89c4\u8303\u81ea\u8eab&#xff0c;\u89c4\u5219\u9700\u8981\u6743\u529b\u6765\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u8eab&#xff1b;\u6743\u529b\u53ef\u80fd\u626d\u66f2\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5236\u7ea6\u6743\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u5e73\u8861&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u81ea\u89c9\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>21.5 \u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u5165O\u7684\u6700\u6df1\u610f\u6db5&#xff0c;\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u201c\u6709\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u5206\u6790\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u662f\u201c\u65e0\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u4f7f\u89c4\u5219\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u3001\u5f97\u4ee5\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u5f97\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;\u4efb\u4f55\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u3001\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u5386\u53f2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3001\u7531\u7279\u5b9a\u793e\u4f1a\u529b\u91cf\u3001\u4e3a\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u89c6\u89d2\u6027\u3001\u6709\u9650\u6027\u3001\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u5426\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8981\u5f00\u653e\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u675f\u7f1a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8d44\u6e90&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u94c1\u7b3c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u63a2\u7d22\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3001\u521b\u9020\u2014\u2014\u59cb\u7ec8\u77e5\u9053&#xff0c;\u4efb\u4f55\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0 \u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u9886\u5730<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>22.1 \u201c\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u754c\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u201d\u662fAI\u5143\u4eba\u6587\u6784\u60f3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5&#xff1a;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u7fa4\u90fd\u5e94\u62e5\u6709\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u610f\u4e49\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u638c\u63a7\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3b\u6743&#xff1a;\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u7fa4\u6709\u6743\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u5916\u90e8\u529b\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u63d0\u51fa\u5efa\u8bae&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f3a\u5236\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e3b\u6743&#xff1a;\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u7fa4\u6709\u6743\u8bb2\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u521b\u4f24\u3001\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u8bb2\u8ff0\u6743\u5e94\u8be5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u5916\u90e8\u529b\u91cf\u5784\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3b\u6743&#xff1a;\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u7fa4\u6709\u6743\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4f18\u5148\u5e8f\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684&#xff1f;\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u597d\u7684&#xff1f;\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u5e94\u8be5\u6765\u81ea\u5185\u90e8&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u5916\u90e8\u5f3a\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u51b3\u7b56\u4e3b\u6743&#xff1a;\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u7fa4\u6709\u6743\u5c31\u5f71\u54cd\u81ea\u8eab\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5c01\u95ed&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>22.2 \u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6839\u57fa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u4e0d\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u6743\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8ba1&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6839\u57fa\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u7684\u8981\u6c42<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6210\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u7531\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8005\u4eb2\u8eab\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u5916\u90e8\u529b\u91cf\u65e0\u6cd5\u201c\u4ee3\u66ff\u201d\u4e2a\u4f53\u751f\u6210\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u201c\u8d4b\u4e88\u201d\u4e2a\u4f53\u4ee5\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b&#xff0c;\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u679c\u610f\u4e49\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u638c\u63a7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u2014\u2014\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b8c\u6210\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u201d\u610f\u4e49\u786e\u8ba4\u2014\u2014\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u73af\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ce8\u518c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c\u6211\u7684\u201d&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u5f3a\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b&#xff0c;\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u662f\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u5916\u5728\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u9700\u8981\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u2014\u2014\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4e2a\u4f53\u62e5\u6709\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u638c\u63a7\u6743&#xff0c;\u4ed6\/\u5979\u624d\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u7a7f\u900f\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u90e8\u6743\u529b\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u7a7f\u900f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u4e8b\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6700\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6743\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5851\u9020\u821e\u53f0&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u6ce8\u518c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e6\u53ca\u754c\u9762\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u754c\u9762\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d&#xff0c;\u59cb\u7ec8\u6c89\u9ed8\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e00\u5207\u6743\u529b\u6e38\u620f\u4e4b\u5916&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u6743\u529b\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u9886\u5730\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u5730&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5bb6\u56ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>22.3 \u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u4e0e\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5f20\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ef7\u503c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u6587\u5316\u5b64\u7acb\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5f20\u529b&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f20\u529b\u4e0d\u662f\u975e\u6b64\u5373\u5f7c\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u4e24\u6781\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u661f\u7403&#xff0c;\u9762\u4e34\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6311\u6218&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5171\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u4ef7\u503c\u2014\u2014\u5982\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u3001\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u2014\u2014\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u8d8a\u5177\u4f53\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u8bdd\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u7840&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u540c\u884c\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u201c\u843d\u5730\u201d\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u201c\u5c0a\u4e25\u201d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u88ab\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u539f\u8bed\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u843d\u5730\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u5c0a\u91cd\u5177\u4f53\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u7531\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u8be5\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u4e3b\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e95\u7ebf\u4fdd\u969c\u2014\u2014\u4efb\u4f55\u8bed\u5883\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fb5\u72af\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5c0a\u4e25&#xff1b;\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u4e3a\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e30\u5bcc\u5185\u6db5\u2014\u2014\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u591a\u5143\u7684\u3001\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>22.4 \u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u4e0e\u201c\u4ef7\u503c\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4ef7\u503c\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u201d\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u4ef7\u503c\u5230\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8f\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u2014\u2014\u5982\u201c\u516c\u5e73\u201d\u201c\u6b63\u4e49\u201d\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u3001\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u4ef7\u503c\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u62bd\u8c61\u4ef7\u503c\u201c\u964d\u89e3\u201d\u4e3a\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5b9e\u8df5\u3001\u88ab\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u201c\u516c\u5e73\u201d\u5728\u62db\u8058\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u770b\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u522b\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u5e74\u9f84&#xff0c;\u53ea\u770b\u80fd\u529b\u201d&#xff1b;\u5728\u5206\u914d\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u6309\u7167\u8d21\u732e\u5206\u914d\u201d&#xff1b;\u5728\u53f8\u6cd5\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u540c\u6837\u60c5\u51b5\u540c\u6837\u5bf9\u5f85\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ef7\u503c\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5c06\u4ef7\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5f52\u8fd8\u7ed9\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u9762\u4e89\u8bba\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u516c\u5e73\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u534f\u5546\u201c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u516c\u5e73\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u534f\u5546\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u5c06\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u201c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201d\u4e3a\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6709\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5fc5\u987b\u5c0a\u91cd\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5e95\u7ebf&#xff1b;\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5fc5\u987b\u9002\u5e94\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>22.5 \u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u4f5c\u4e3a\u62b5\u6297\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u9632\u7ebf<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u5177\u6709\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u62b5\u6297\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9632\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u201c\u53bb\u8bed\u5883\u5316\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u4e00\u5207\u7ecf\u9a8c\u90fd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5c06\u4e00\u5207\u60c5\u5883\u90fd\u7eb3\u5165\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5177\u4f53\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3001\u88ab\u62b9\u5e73\u3001\u88ab\u540c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u6b63\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u53bb\u8bed\u5883\u5316\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u3002\u5b83\u575a\u6301&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7b97\u6cd5\u9884\u5148\u89c4\u5b9a&#xff1b;\u4ef7\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u88ab\u534f\u5546&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7b97\u6cd5\u6697\u4e2d\u9884\u8bbe&#xff1b;\u51b3\u7b56\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u88ab\u505a\u51fa&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ee3\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6392\u65a5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u6280\u672f\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u6ee5\u7528&#xff1b;\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4fe1\u4efb&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u76f2\u4ece\u3002\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u9762\u524d&#xff0c;\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u5b88\u62a4\u7740\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u540e\u5c0a\u4e25\u2014\u2014\u81ea\u5df1\u51b3\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0 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\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684&#xff1a;\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u793e\u533a\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u5174\u8da3\u5c0f\u7ec4\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u573a\u57df<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u60c5\u5883\u5316\u7684&#xff1a;\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bae\u9898\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53ef\u884c\u52a8\u7684&#xff1a;\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u884c\u52a8\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u5f97\u53cd\u9988<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u7684&#xff1a;\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u3001\u591a\u9762\u7684\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u4e92\u52a8<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5fae\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u89e3\u653e&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u521b\u9020\u89e3\u653e&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u671f\u76fc\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>23.2 \u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u5728\u5fae\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8f\u5927\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u5e94\u7528\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u539f\u521d\u573a\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u7279\u5f81<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u60c5\u5883\u6027&#xff1a;\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f&#xff0c;\u56de\u5e94\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5229\u7528\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5177\u8eab\u6027&#xff1a;\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u53c2\u4e0e&#xff0c;\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u540e\u679c<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5173\u7cfb\u6027&#xff1a;\u603b\u662f\u5728\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f&#xff0c;\u5851\u9020\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u88ab\u5173\u7cfb\u5851\u9020<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53cd\u9988\u6027&#xff1a;\u884c\u52a8\u7acb\u5373\u4ea7\u751f\u53cd\u9988&#xff0c;\u53cd\u9988\u7acb\u5373\u5f71\u54cd\u540e\u7eed\u884c\u52a8<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba\u5171\u540c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u4eab\u559c\u60a6\u3001\u5206\u62c5\u56f0\u96be&#xff0c;\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u5efa\u7acb\u4fe1\u4efb\u3001\u5316\u89e3\u51b2\u7a81\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u201c\u56e2\u7ed3\u201d\u201c\u53cb\u7231\u201d\u201c\u4e92\u52a9\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u611f\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u88ab\u8eab\u4f53\u8bb0\u4f4f&#xff0c;\u88ab\u60c5\u611f\u7f16\u7801&#xff0c;\u88ab\u5173\u7cfb\u627f\u8f7d\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u201c\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5934\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>23.3 \u4ef7\u503c\u539f\u8bed\u5316&#xff1a;\u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u5230\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ef7\u503c\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u662f\u5c06\u5b8f\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u201c\u964d\u89e3\u201d\u4e3a\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u539f\u8bed\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u2014\u2014\u5982\u201c\u516c\u5e73\u201d\u201c\u6b63\u4e49\u201d\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u2014\u2014\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6307\u5bfc\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4eba\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053&#xff1a;\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u201c\u516c\u5e73\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u662f\u201c\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u201d&#xff1f;\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u662f\u201c\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u201d&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u5c31\u662f\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u62bd\u8c61\u4ef7\u503c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u68c0\u9a8c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u51c6\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6c\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u7b80\u5316&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u4ef7\u503c\u4ece\u4e91\u7aef\u843d\u5165\u4eba\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u8bed\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u201c\u6f14\u7ece\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u534f\u5546\u201d\u3002\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u4ece\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u51fa\u53d1&#xff0c;\u5171\u540c\u63a2\u8ba8&#xff1a;\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u73cd\u89c6\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u884c\u52a8\u624d\u80fd\u4f53\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ef7\u503c&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u60c5\u5883\u5206\u6790&#xff1a;\u660e\u786e\u5f53\u524d\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\u2014\u2014\u8c01\u53c2\u4e0e&#xff1f;\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bae\u9898&#xff1f;\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ea6\u675f&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4ef7\u503c\u8bc6\u522b&#xff1a;\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u60c5\u5883\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u2014\u2014\u54ea\u4e9b\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6b64&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u539f\u8bed\u751f\u6210&#xff1a;\u5c06\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u4ee4\u2014\u2014\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u201c\u516c\u5e73\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5171\u8bc6\u68c0\u9a8c&#xff1a;\u68c0\u9a8c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u63a5\u53d7\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7406\u89e3&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b9e\u8df5\u53cd\u9988&#xff1a;\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u68c0\u9a8c\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027&#xff0c;\u6839\u636e\u53cd\u9988\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>23.4 \u60c5\u5883\u884c\u52a8\u4e0e\u60c5\u5883\u667a\u6167<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u5883\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u52a8&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u9075\u5faa\u666e\u904d\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u666e\u904d\u89c4\u5219\u884c\u52a8&#xff1a;\u5148\u6709\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5e94\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u666e\u904d\u7684\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u3002\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u5728\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u5883\u884c\u52a8&#xff1a;\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u6839\u636e\u60c5\u5883\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u653e\u4e4b\u56db\u6d77\u800c\u7686\u51c6\u7684\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u9002\u5408\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u5728\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u201c\u77e5\u65f6\u77e5\u91cf\u201d\u2014\u2014\u662f\u5426\u6070\u5230\u597d\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u60c5\u5883\u667a\u6167\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u77e5\u65f6\u77e5\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u201c\u666e\u904d\u7684\u771f\u7406\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u201c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u662f\u5408\u9002\u7684\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u667a\u6167\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u79ef\u7d2f\u3001\u5728\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d\u9886\u609f\u3001\u5728\u53cd\u601d\u4e2d\u6df1\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u5883\u667a\u6167\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u60c5\u5883\u654f\u611f\u6027&#xff1a;\u80fd\u591f\u654f\u9510\u5730\u611f\u77e5\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7279\u5f81&#xff0c;\u8bc6\u522b\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u65f6\u95f4\u654f\u611f\u6027&#xff1a;\u80fd\u591f\u628a\u63e1\u201c\u65f6\u673a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u6c89\u9ed8&#xff1b;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u8fdb&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u9000<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5173\u7cfb\u654f\u611f\u6027&#xff1a;\u80fd\u591f\u611f\u77e5\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u52a8\u6001&#xff0c;\u77e5\u9053\u884c\u52a8\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53cd\u601d\u6027&#xff1a;\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u65ad\u8c03\u6574\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>23.5 \u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u5b8f\u89c2\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u5b8f\u89c2\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b8f\u89c2\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u8865\u5145\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8f\u89c2\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u9650\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8f\u89c2\u6cbb\u7406\u2014\u2014\u56fd\u5bb6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u6761\u7ea6\u3001\u5168\u7403\u6807\u51c6\u2014\u2014\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u540c\u751f\u6d3b\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u5e94\u5bf9\u8de8\u56fd\u754c\u7684\u6311\u6218&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u969c\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5b8f\u89c2\u6cbb\u7406\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u9650\u5ea6\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u9002\u5e94\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027&#xff1b;\u5b83\u662f\u7f13\u6162\u7684&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u5feb\u901f\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u9700\u6c42&#xff1b;\u5b83\u662f\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u5145\u5206\u5438\u7eb3\u57fa\u5c42\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u6b63\u662f\u5bf9\u5b8f\u89c2\u6cbb\u7406\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u5f25\u8865&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b83\u8ba9\u6cbb\u7406\u201c\u843d\u5730\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b83\u8ba9\u6cbb\u7406\u201c\u7075\u6d3b\u201d\u2014\u2014\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u9002\u5e94\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u5728\u8bd5\u9519\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b83\u8ba9\u6cbb\u7406\u201c\u53c2\u4e0e\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u771f\u6b63\u53c2\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd\u81ea\u8eab\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u51b3\u7b56<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8f\u89c2\u6cbb\u7406\u4e0e\u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u6784\u6210\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b8f\u89c2\u6cbb\u7406\u4e3a\u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e95\u7ebf\u4fdd\u969c\u2014\u2014\u4fdd\u62a4\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u5730\u65b9\u4e13\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 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\u51b2\u7a81\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u8def\u5f84&#xff1a;\u4ece\u5bf9\u6297\u5230\u5bf9\u8bdd<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u51b2\u7a81\u8f6c\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u6d88\u9664\u51b2\u7a81&#xff08;\u90a3\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u51b2\u7a81\u4ece\u7834\u574f\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u5bf9\u6297\u5230\u5bf9\u8bdd<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6297\u662f\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u7834\u574f\u6027\u5f62\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u53cc\u65b9\u89c6\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e3a\u654c\u4eba&#xff0c;\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u51fb\u8d25\u5bf9\u65b9\u3002\u5bf9\u8bdd\u662f\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u5f62\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u53cc\u65b9\u89c6\u5bf9\u65b9\u4e3a\u4f19\u4f34&#xff0c;\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5171\u540c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u5bf9\u6297\u5230\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u8f6c\u5316&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53bb\u4eba\u683c\u5316&#xff1a;\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u4eba\u683c\u5206\u79bb&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5c06\u5206\u6b67\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u5426\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5229\u76ca\u6f84\u6e05&#xff1a;\u5e2e\u52a9\u53cc\u65b9\u6f84\u6e05\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u5229\u76ca&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b88\u7acb\u573a<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6807&#xff1a;\u5bfb\u627e\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6807&#xff0c;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c&#xff1a;\u786e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u5b89\u5168&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u53cc\u65b9\u6562\u4e8e\u8868\u8fbe\u771f\u5b9e\u60f3\u6cd5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u6781\u5316\u5230\u591a\u5143<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u51b2\u7a81\u5f80\u5f80\u5bfc\u81f4\u6781\u5316\u2014\u2014\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u88ab\u63a8\u5411\u6781\u7aef\u7acb\u573a&#xff0c;\u4e2d\u95f4\u5730\u5e26\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u4ece\u6781\u5316\u5230\u591a\u5143\u7684\u8f6c\u5316&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6062\u590d\u201c\u4e2d\u95f4\u5730\u5e26\u201d\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u627f\u8ba4\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5408\u7406\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u63a2\u7d22\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u9053\u8def\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8d85\u8d8a\u975e\u6b64\u5373\u5f7c\u7684\u9009\u62e9<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4fdd\u62a4\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u58f0\u97f3&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4e3b\u6d41\u6df9\u6ca1\u8fb9\u7f18<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4ec7\u6068\u5230\u548c\u89e3<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u51b2\u7a81\u6d89\u53ca\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3&#xff0c;\u4ec7\u6068\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u969c\u788d\u3002\u4ece\u4ec7\u6068\u5230\u548c\u89e3\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u6700\u4e3a\u8270\u96be&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u627f\u8ba4\u4f24\u5bb3&#xff1a;\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u627f\u8ba4\u3001\u88ab\u542c\u89c1<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb&#xff1a;\u52a0\u5bb3\u65b9\u9700\u8981\u627f\u8ba4\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4fee\u590d\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u52a8\u4fee\u590d\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5171\u540c\u672a\u6765&#xff1a;\u5efa\u7acb\u8d85\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5171\u540c\u613f\u666f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>24.4 \u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u5408\u7406\u6027\u542c\u8bc1<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5171\u8bc6\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u3001\u88ab\u538b\u5236\u3002\u4f46\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u9884\u793a\u7740\u672a\u6765\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u5408\u7406\u6027\u542c\u8bc1\u201d\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u58f0\u97f3\u88ab\u542c\u89c1\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5f3a\u5236\u542c\u53d6&#xff1a;\u5728\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u542c\u53d6\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u610f\u89c1<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8ba4\u771f\u5bf9\u5f85&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u662f\u8d70\u8fc7\u573a\u7684\u542c\u53d6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba4\u771f\u8003\u8651\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u89c2\u70b9<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u7ed9\u4e88\u8ba4\u771f\u53cd\u9988&#xff0c;\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u63a5\u53d7\u6216\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u518d\u5ba1\u8bae&#xff1a;\u5728\u542c\u53d6\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u610f\u89c1\u540e&#xff0c;\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u8bae\u539f\u6765\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u8d4b\u4e88\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u5426\u51b3\u6743&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u65b9\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u5b83\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u5ff5&#xff1a;\u771f\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u4e00\u8fb9&#xff0c;\u591a\u6570\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u72af\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>24.5 \u5171\u8bc6\u7684\u9650\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5f02\u8bae\u7684\u4ef7\u503c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u8bc6\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8ffd\u6c42\u5171\u8bc6\u53ef\u80fd\u538b\u5236\u5f02\u8bae&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u201c\u7fa4\u4f53\u601d\u7ef4\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u800c\u653e\u5f03\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f02\u8bae\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4ef7\u503c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u68c0\u9a8c\u5171\u8bc6&#xff1a;\u5f02\u8bae\u8feb\u4f7f\u5171\u8bc6\u63a5\u53d7\u68c0\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u53d1\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u63d0\u4f9b\u66ff\u4ee3&#xff1a;\u5f02\u8bae\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c6\u89d2&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4fdd\u62a4\u5c11\u6570&#xff1a;\u5f02\u8bae\u4fdd\u62a4\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u6743\u5229&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u201c\u591a\u6570\u66b4\u653f\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6fc0\u53d1\u521b\u65b0&#xff1a;\u5f02\u8bae\u523a\u6fc0\u601d\u8003&#xff0c;\u6fc0\u53d1\u521b\u65b0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u5f02\u8bae\u4fdd\u7559\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5171\u8bc6\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u540c\u610f\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5728\u5f02\u89c1\u4e2d\u6301\u7eed\u751f\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u70b9\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c38\u65e0\u6b62\u5883\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u2014\u2014\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u8054\u7ed3&#xff0c;\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u4e2d\u63a2\u7d22\u5171\u5904&#xff0c;\u5728\u5206\u6b67\u4e2d\u8fbe\u6210\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u5171\u8bc6\u7684\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u6839\u672c\u7cbe\u795e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u56fa\u5b9a\u5171\u8bc6\u4e2d\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0 \u767d\u7bb1\u5316&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6027\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>25.1 \u201c\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u754c\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u201d\u662fAI\u5143\u4eba\u6587\u6784\u60f3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6cbb\u7406\u539f\u5219&#xff1a;\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53d8\u5f97\u900f\u660e\u3001\u53ef\u5ba1\u3001\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u767d\u7bb1\u201d\u662f\u4e0e\u201c\u9ed1\u7bb1\u201d\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u9ed1\u7bb1\u662f\u6307\u90a3\u4e9b\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u89c1\u3001\u4f46\u5185\u90e8\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u3002\u767d\u7bb1\u5219\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u8fd0\u4f5c\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5ba1\u89c6\u5b83\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6b32\u671b&#xff08;D&#xff09;\u7684\u767d\u7bb1\u5316&#xff1a;\u8ba9\u51b3\u7b56\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u3001\u504f\u597d\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u53d6\u5411\u53d8\u5f97\u900f\u660e\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u505a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51b3\u5b9a&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51b3\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u8c01\u7684\u5229\u76ca&#xff1f;\u5b83\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4f18\u5148\u5e8f&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5ba2\u89c2&#xff08;O&#xff09;\u7684\u767d\u7bb1\u5316&#xff1a;\u8ba9\u51b3\u7b56\u6240\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u5f97\u900f\u660e\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u636e&#xff1f;\u9075\u5faa\u4ec0\u4e48\u89c4\u5219&#xff1f;\u53d7\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u9650\u5236&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u81ea\u611f&#xff08;S&#xff09;\u7684\u767d\u7bb1\u5316&#xff1a;\u8ba9\u51b3\u7b56\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6ce8\u518c\u53d8\u5f97\u900f\u660e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51b3\u5b9a\u88ab\u5982\u4f55\u611f\u53d7&#xff1f;\u8c01\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u76ca&#xff1f;\u8c01\u627f\u62c5\u4ee3\u4ef7&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53d9\u4e8b&#xff08;N&#xff09;\u7684\u767d\u7bb1\u5316&#xff1a;\u8ba9\u51b3\u7b56\u88ab\u7f16\u7ec7\u6210\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u53d8\u5f97\u900f\u660e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca&#xff1f;\u5b83\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5b8f\u5927\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u662f\u8c01\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7684&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>25.2 \u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6839\u57fa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u6743\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8ba1&#xff0c;\u800c\u6709\u5176\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6839\u57fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u7684\u8981\u6c42<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u3001\u7531\u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5171\u540c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u53c2\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4eba&#xff0c;\u6709\u6743\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u88ab\u9ed1\u7bb1\u5316\u2014\u2014\u88ab\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u80cc\u540e\u3001\u88ab\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u5236\u5ea6\u5185\u90e8\u3001\u88ab\u5784\u65ad\u5728\u6743\u529b\u624b\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e48\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5c31\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u53c2\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u5df2\u7ecf\u751f\u6210\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u2014\u2014\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b8c\u6210\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u201d\u610f\u4e49\u786e\u8ba4\u2014\u2014\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u73af\u8282\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u5bf9\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u9ed1\u7bb1&#xff0c;\u4e2a\u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u8ba4\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u201d&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u6b63\u662f\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u5916\u5728\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u900f\u660e\u53ef\u5ba1&#xff0c;\u4e2a\u4f53\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u201c\u8ba4\u9886\u201d\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5426\u5219&#xff0c;\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u51b3\u5b9a\u201d\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u9ed1\u7bb1\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u867d\u7136\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5185\u5728\u7684\u3001\u79c1\u5bc6\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u2014\u2014DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u2014\u2014\u5374\u662f\u516c\u5171\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u900f\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u79c1\u4eba\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u516c\u5171\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u5171\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3001\u5ba1\u8bae\u3001\u4e89\u8bae\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u786e\u8ba4\u3001\u88ab\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u6df1\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u900f\u660e\u2014\u2014\u9700\u8981\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>25.3 \u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5143\u6cbb\u7406\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u6cbb\u7406\u539f\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5143\u6cbb\u7406\u539f\u5219\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u6cbb\u7406\u539f\u5219\u5f97\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4fe1\u4efb\u4e0d\u662f\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4fe1\u4efb\u4f60&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4e86\u89e3\u4f60\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u3001\u4f60\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u4f60\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u9ed1\u7bb1&#xff0c;\u4fe1\u4efb\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e3a\u4fe1\u4efb\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5f53\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u900f\u660e\u53ef\u5ba1&#xff0c;\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u4fe1\u4efb\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4fe1\u4efb\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u8bbe\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u900f\u660e\u4e2d\u9010\u6e10\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u95ee\u8d23\u7684\u6761\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u95ee\u8d23\u9700\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8981\u8ffd\u7a76\u8d23\u4efb&#xff0c;\u9996\u5148\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8c01\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u505a\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u95ee\u8d23\u5c31\u662f\u7a7a\u8c08\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e3a\u95ee\u8d23\u63d0\u4f9b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5f53\u8fc7\u7a0b\u900f\u660e&#xff0c;\u8d23\u4efb\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u3001\u53ef\u8ffd\u7a76\u3002\u8c01\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848&#xff1f;\u8c01\u652f\u6301\u5b83&#xff1f;\u8c01\u53cd\u5bf9\u5b83&#xff1f;\u8c01\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u76ca&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u79d8\u5bc6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u516c\u5171\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u524d\u63d0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b66\u4e60\u9700\u8981\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3001\u5b83\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u5b83\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u5b66\u4e60\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u63d0\u4f9b\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u5f53\u8fc7\u7a0b\u900f\u660e&#xff0c;\u53cd\u9988\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u83b7\u53d6\u3001\u53ef\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6210\u529f\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u7ecf\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u53ef\u4ee5\u5438\u53d6\u6559\u8bad\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>25.4 \u7b97\u6cd5\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u6311\u6218<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u9762\u4e34\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3001\u4e13\u6709\u6027\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u900f\u660e\u539f\u5219\u96be\u4ee5\u9002\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5177\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6d89\u53ca\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u3001\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u7684\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u8fd0\u4f5c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u4e5f\u96be\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u201d\u7684\u7f3a\u5931&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u9762\u4e34\u6839\u672c\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u590d\u6742\u7b97\u6cd5\u53d8\u5f97\u900f\u660e&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u201c\u516c\u5f00\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u5c31\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u516c\u5f00\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3&#xff1b;\u5373\u4f7f\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027&#xff0c;\u6311\u6218\u7740\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u900f\u660e\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e13\u6709\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5546\u4e1a\u673a\u5bc6\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u6295\u5165\u5de8\u8d44\u5f00\u53d1\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u516c\u5f00\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e13\u6709\u6027\u4e0e\u900f\u660e\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u6839\u672c\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5e73\u8861\u5546\u4e1a\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u516c\u5171\u900f\u660e&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u96be\u9898\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;\u5f3a\u5236\u62ab\u9732\u7b97\u6cd5\u903b\u8f91\u800c\u4e0d\u62ab\u9732\u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u7531\u72ec\u7acb\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u8ba1&#xff0c;\u5efa\u7acb\u7b97\u6cd5\u900f\u660e\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u4e0d\u65ad\u8c03\u6574\u3001\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u5316\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eca\u5929\u900f\u660e\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u660e\u5929\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u800c\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u52a8\u6001\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u900f\u660e&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u76d1\u6d4b\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684\u4e8b\u524d\u5ba1\u67e5\u3002\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u6301\u7eed\u89c2\u5bdf\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u8bc4\u4f30\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u8c03\u6574&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u8fd0\u4f5c\u59cb\u7ec8\u7b26\u5408\u516c\u5171\u671f\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>25.5 \u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e0e\u201c\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u201d\u7684\u533a\u5206<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u201c\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u4f46\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51b3\u5b9a&#xff1f;\u5b83\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48\u7406\u7531&#xff1f;\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u63d0\u4f9b\u7406\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684&#xff1f;\u5b83\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20&#xff1f;\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd&#xff1f;\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u8981\u6c42\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u4e0e\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u5404\u6709\u4ef7\u503c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u66f4\u4e3a\u6839\u672c\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7684&#xff08;\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u63d0\u4f9b\u7406\u7531&#xff09;\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u9ed1\u7bb1&#xff08;\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1&#xff09;\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u201d\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u201c\u6709\u6548\u6027\u201d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u900f\u660e\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u4e0e\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u7b97\u6cd5\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u201d\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u524d\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u7406\u7531&#xff0c;\u540e\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u5bf9\u7b97\u6cd5\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>25.6 \u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5236\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u900f\u660e\u6807\u51c6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u660e\u786e\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6807\u51c6&#xff1a;\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fe1\u606f\u5fc5\u987b\u516c\u5f00&#xff1f;\u4ee5\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f62\u5f0f\u516c\u5f00&#xff1f;\u5411\u8c01\u516c\u5f00&#xff1f;\u4f55\u65f6\u516c\u5f00&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u5e94\u8be5\u56e0\u9886\u57df\u800c\u5f02\u2014\u2014\u516c\u5171\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6807\u51c6\u5e94\u8be5\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5546\u4e1a\u51b3\u7b56&#xff0c;\u5f71\u54cd\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u5e94\u8be5\u6bd4\u666e\u901a\u51b3\u7b56\u66f4\u900f\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba1\u8ba1\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u8c01\u8d1f\u8d23\u68c0\u67e5\u900f\u660e&#xff1f;\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027&#xff1f;\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406&#xff1f;\u5ba1\u8ba1\u673a\u5236\u5e94\u8be5\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u88ab\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6743\u529b\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5c65\u884c\u804c\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u4e0e\u6e20\u9053<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u6e20\u9053&#xff1a;\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f&#xff1f;\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898&#xff1f;\u5982\u4f55\u53c2\u4e0e\u5ba1\u8bae&#xff1f;\u53c2\u4e0e\u6e20\u9053\u5e94\u8be5\u591a\u6837\u5316&#xff0c;\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6551\u6d4e\u63aa\u65bd<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u6551\u6d4e\u63aa\u65bd&#xff1a;\u5f53\u900f\u660e\u539f\u5219\u88ab\u8fdd\u53cd\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u8ffd\u7a76\u8d23\u4efb&#xff1f;\u5982\u4f55\u8865\u507f\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005&#xff1f;\u5982\u4f55\u9632\u6b62\u518d\u72af&#xff1f;\u6551\u6d4e\u63aa\u65bd\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5a01\u6151\u529b&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u900f\u660e\u539f\u5219\u88ab\u8ba4\u771f\u5bf9\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u7ae0 \u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e0eDOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>26.1 DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5065\u5eb7\u7684DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u5fc5\u987b\u5185\u5d4c\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u5f3a\u52a0\u7684\u8981\u6c42&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u5eb7\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5185\u5728\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u53cd\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u53cd\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u81ea\u8eab\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb2\u8ff0\u53d9\u4e8b\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6545\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u6b32\u671b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5411\u6b32\u671b\u672c\u8eab&#xff0c;\u81ea\u611f\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u53d7\u81ea\u611f\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u53cd\u6027\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u53cd\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5962\u4f88\u54c1&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u53cd\u6027&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u6839\u636e\u53cd\u9988\u8c03\u6574\u81ea\u8eab&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u9002\u5e94\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9012\u5f52\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u2014\u2014\u53d9\u4e8b\u5851\u9020DOS&#xff0c;DOS\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u65b0\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u518d\u6b21\u5851\u9020DOS\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u7ed3\u6784\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u5ef6\u7eed\u548c\u8fdb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9012\u5f52\u6027\u4e5f\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9012\u5f52&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7eb3\u5165\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u51b3\u7b56&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7684\u6574\u5408&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5143\u8ba4\u77e5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5143\u8ba4\u77e5\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002\u5143\u8ba4\u77e5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u89c2\u5bdf\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u8003&#xff0c;\u8bc4\u4f30\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51b3\u7b56&#xff0c;\u8c03\u6574\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5143\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0e\u751f\u4ff1\u6765\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u7684\u4fee\u884c&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u5143\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u80fd\u529b&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6\u6210\u4e3a\u601d\u8003\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>26.2 \u6b32\u671b&#xff08;D&#xff09;\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u5ba1\u89c6&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca6\u4e3a\u76f2\u76ee\u51b2\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u6765\u6e90<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u6765&#xff1f;\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u201d\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u201d&#xff1f;\u662f\u5185\u5728\u751f\u53d1\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u690d\u5165\u7684&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u8ffd\u95ee\u3002\u6d88\u8d39\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u88ab\u5e7f\u544a\u5efa\u6784\u7684&#xff0c;\u653f\u6cbb\u52a8\u5458\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u88ab\u5ba3\u4f20\u5851\u9020\u7684&#xff0c;\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u88ab\u7b97\u6cd5\u6fc0\u53d1\u7684\u3002\u5ba1\u89c6\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u6765\u6e90&#xff0c;\u662f\u6b32\u671b\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u65b9\u5411<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u6307\u5411\u4f55\u5904&#xff1f;\u5b83\u4eec\u5bfc\u5411\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4e16\u754c&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u865a\u5e7b\u7684&#xff1f;\u662f\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u75c5\u6001\u7684&#xff1f;\u662f\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u5974\u5f79\u7684&#xff1f;\u5ba1\u89c6\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u65b9\u5411&#xff0c;\u662f\u6b32\u671b\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b\u6709\u591a\u5f3a\u70c8&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6b32\u671b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d&#xff1f;\u8fc7\u5f3a\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u504f\u6267&#xff0c;\u8fc7\u5f31\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u529b\u3002\u5ba1\u89c6\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u662f\u6b32\u671b\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>26.3 \u5ba2\u89c2&#xff08;O&#xff09;\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u89c2\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u5ba1\u89c6&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca6\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0d\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u201c\u81ea\u5728\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u6587\u5316\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u770b\u4f3c\u201c\u5ba2\u89c2\u201d\u7684\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4ea7\u7269&#xff0c;\u90fd\u627f\u8f7d\u7740\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u53d6\u5411\u3002\u5ba1\u89c6\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u6027&#xff0c;\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u89c2\u603b\u662f\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u89c6\u89d2\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u89c6\u89d2\u770b&#xff0c;\u5448\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u201c\u5ba2\u89c2\u201d\u77e5\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u5ffd\u7565\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c&#xff1b;\u7537\u6027\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u201c\u5ba2\u89c2\u201d\u89c4\u8303&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u89c6\u5973\u6027\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3002\u5ba1\u89c6\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6027&#xff0c;\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6210\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6539\u9769&#xff0c;\u6587\u5316\u89c4\u8303\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u5851&#xff0c;\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u98a0\u8986\u3002\u5ba1\u89c6\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u6027&#xff0c;\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>26.4 \u81ea\u611f&#xff08;S&#xff09;\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u5ba1\u89c6&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca6\u4e3a\u5e7b\u89c9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u662f\u771f\u7684\u5417&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88ab\u611f\u53d7\u4e3a\u201c\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6df1\u5904&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u88ab\u5916\u90e8\u529b\u91cf\u690d\u5165\u7684&#xff1f;\u6d88\u8d39\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u9020\u865a\u5047\u7684\u6ee1\u8db3&#xff0c;\u7b97\u6cd5\u5236\u9020\u865a\u5047\u7684\u5171\u9e23&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u5236\u9020\u865a\u5047\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u5ba1\u89c6\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027&#xff0c;\u662f\u81ea\u611f\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u6709\u591a\u6df1&#xff1f;\u662f\u8f6c\u77ac\u5373\u901d\u7684\u6d45\u5c42\u611f\u53d7&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u6301\u4e45\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u5f71\u54cd\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u6ce8\u518c&#xff1f;\u6d45\u5c42\u611f\u53d7\u968f\u98ce\u800c\u901d&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5c42\u6ce8\u518c\u5851\u9020\u4eba\u751f\u3002\u5ba1\u89c6\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u662f\u81ea\u611f\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u540e\u679c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f\u5e26\u6765\u4ec0\u4e48\u540e\u679c&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u6ce8\u518c\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u884c\u4e3a&#xff1f;\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u540c&#xff1f;\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc&#xff1f;\u5ba1\u89c6\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u540e\u679c&#xff0c;\u662f\u81ea\u611f\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>26.5 \u53d9\u4e8b&#xff08;N&#xff09;\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u5ba1\u89c6&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca6\u4e3a\u795e\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u201c\u5fe0\u5b9e\u8bb0\u5f55\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u201c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5efa\u6784\u201d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d9\u4e8b\u90fd\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5b9e&#xff1b;\u90fd\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ebf\u7d22&#xff0c;\u5f31\u5316\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ebf\u7d22\u3002\u5ba1\u89c6\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u6027&#xff0c;\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u8c01\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7684&#xff1f;\u4ece\u8c01\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u8bb2\u8ff0&#xff1f;\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u8c01\u7684\u5229\u76ca&#xff1f;\u8bb2\u8ff0\u8005\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u3002\u80dc\u5229\u8005\u4e66\u5199\u5386\u53f2&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u8005\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8&#xff1b;\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u8bb2\u8ff0\u79e9\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u53cd\u6297\u8005\u8bb2\u8ff0\u89e3\u653e\u3002\u5ba1\u89c6\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027&#xff0c;\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6392\u4ed6\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d9\u4e8b\u90fd\u5fc5\u7136\u6709\u76f2\u70b9\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u53d9\u4e8b\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u4e3b\u6d41\u6846\u67b6\u5bb9\u7eb3\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u6070\u6070\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5ba1\u89c6\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6392\u4ed6\u6027&#xff0c;\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>26.6 \u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u6307\u5411&#xff0c;\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u53d8\u5f97\u900f\u660e\u2014\u2014\u6b32\u671b\u3001\u5ba2\u89c2\u3001\u81ea\u611f\u3001\u53d9\u4e8b\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u7684\u663e\u73b0&#xff1a;\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u672c\u8d28&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec8\u6781\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u771f\u7406&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u751f\u6210\u548c\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u201c\u770b\u7a7f\u201d\u4e00\u5207&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8981\u201c\u770b\u900f\u201d\u4e00\u5207\u2014\u2014\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u5207\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u770b\u900f\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u773c\u775b\u53bb\u770b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7528\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u53bb\u4f53\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e2d\u201c\u770b\u900f\u201d\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u6027&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u6b32\u671b\u5974\u5f79&#xff1b;\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e2d\u201c\u770b\u900f\u201d\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6027&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u5ba2\u89c2\u675f\u7f1a&#xff1b;\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e2d\u201c\u770b\u900f\u201d\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u81ea\u611f\u6b3a\u9a97&#xff1b;\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u4e2d\u201c\u770b\u900f\u201d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u6027&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u53d9\u4e8b\u56da\u7981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u770b\u900f\u201d&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u667a\u6167\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u201c\u6709\u201d\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u201c\u65e0\u201d&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u73b0\u8c61\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u4e49\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7a7a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u516d\u5377 \u5143\u673a\u5236&#xff1a;\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0 \u609f\u7a7a&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e0e\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7efc\u5408<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>27.1 \u609f\u7a7a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6eaf\u6e90<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u609f\u7a7a\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u6e90\u81ea\u4e2d\u534e\u601d\u60f3\u4f20\u7edf&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7985\u5b97\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u201c\u609f\u201d\u662f\u89c9\u609f\u3001\u89c9\u9192&#xff0c;\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u3001\u7f18\u8d77\u6027\u7a7a\u3002\u5408\u8d77\u6765&#xff0c;\u201c\u609f\u7a7a\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u89c9\u609f\u5230\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u81ea\u6027&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u5728\u56e0\u7f18\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u609f\u7a7a\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6d8c\u73b0\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4ece\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6323\u8131&#xff0c;\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u5165\u610f\u4e49\u539f\u751f\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u201c\u7406\u89e3\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u201c\u8f6c\u5316\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u5934\u8111\u53bb\u201c\u60f3\u901a\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7528\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u53bb\u201c\u6d3b\u51fa\u201d\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u7684\u65f6\u523b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u6839\u672c\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005&#xff0c;\u4ece\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>27.2 \u609f\u7a7a\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;\u60ac\u7f6e\u3001\u91cd\u6784\u3001\u951a\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u91cd\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u6784\u6210\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u91cd&#xff1a;\u60ac\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60ac\u7f6e\u662f\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u6682\u65f6\u6401\u7f6e\u3002\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u56fa\u5316\u3001\u610f\u4e49\u50f5\u5316\u3001\u6743\u529b\u5784\u65ad\u65f6&#xff0c;\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u9996\u5148\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u60ac\u7f6e\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u8ba4\u540c\u3001\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u3001\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u9003\u907f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60ac\u7f6e\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u6839\u57fa\u662f\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u60ac\u7f6e\u201d&#xff08;epoch\u00e9&#xff09;\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u6401\u7f6e\u3002\u80e1\u585e\u5c14\u7528\u60ac\u7f6e\u6765\u6392\u9664\u81ea\u7136\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u9884\u8bbe&#xff0c;\u56de\u5230\u201c\u4e8b\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u201d\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u7684\u60ac\u7f6e\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65&#xff1a;\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u60ac\u7f6e\u8ba4\u77e5\u5224\u65ad&#xff0c;\u66f4\u60ac\u7f6e\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6682\u9000&#xff0c;\u56de\u5230\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60ac\u7f6e\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u3002\u60ac\u7f6e\u65e2\u6709\u89c4\u5219&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5426\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4ef7\u503c&#xff1b;\u60ac\u7f6e\u65e2\u6709\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5426\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u3002\u60ac\u7f6e\u53ea\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u201c\u653e\u4e0b\u201d&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u518d\u6210\u4e3a\u601d\u8003\u7684\u675f\u7f1a&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f97\u4ee5\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u91cd&#xff1a;\u91cd\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u6784\u662f\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7efc\u5408\u3002\u5f53\u65e7\u6846\u67b6\u88ab\u60ac\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u5f53\u610f\u8bc6\u56de\u5f52\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u91cd\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u63a2\u7d22\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027&#xff0c;\u751f\u6210\u601d\u60f3\u80da\u80ce\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u6784\u4e0d\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u5bfc&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u521b\u9020\u6027\u8df3\u8dc3\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u65e2\u6709\u524d\u63d0\u63a8\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u201c\u751f\u201d\u51fa\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u65e7\u6846\u67b6\u9884\u6d4b&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u65e7\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u5bfc\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u6784\u9700\u8981\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u3001\u52c7\u6c14\u548c\u667a\u6167\u3002\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u52c7\u6c14\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6562\u4e8e\u5c1d\u8bd5\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u667a\u6167\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u91cd&#xff1a;\u951a\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u951a\u5b9a\u662f\u5c06\u65b0\u5171\u8bc6\u6c89\u6dc0\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u5f53\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u88ab\u786e\u8ba4&#xff0c;\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u91cd\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u201c\u951a\u5b9a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8d4b\u4e88\u5b83\u4eec\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4f20\u627f\u3001\u88ab\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u951a\u5b9a\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5316\u3002\u951a\u5b9a\u662f\u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u77e5\u9053\u4efb\u4f55\u5171\u8bc6\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3002\u951a\u5b9a\u662f\u201c\u53ef\u4fee\u6b63\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e3a\u65b0\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u65b0\u53cd\u601d\u3001\u65b0\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7559\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u951a\u5b9a\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6b7b\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u91cd\u7ed3\u6784\u6784\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u609f\u7a7a\u5faa\u73af&#xff1a;\u60ac\u7f6e\u6253\u5f00\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u91cd\u6784\u751f\u6210\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u951a\u5b9a\u6c89\u6dc0\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u6c38\u65e0\u6b62\u5883\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u951a\u5b9a\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u60ac\u7f6e\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u6784\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u65b0\u7684\u951a\u5b9a\u6765\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>27.3 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\u609f\u7a7a\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7efc\u5408\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u7684\u201c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7efc\u5408\u201d\u662f\u5176\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u673a\u5236\u2014\u2014\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7efc\u5408\u4e0d\u662f\u51ed\u7a7a\u521b\u9020&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u6574\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u88ab\u60ac\u7f6e\u7684\u65e7\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u667a\u6167<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u65b0\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5728\u60ac\u7f6e\u540e\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u751f\u53d1\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u80da\u80ce<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u2014\u2014\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u542f\u53d1<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u4e0b\u906d\u9047\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u3001\u53ef\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7efc\u5408\u4e0d\u662f\u673a\u68b0\u7684\u7ec4\u5408&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6709\u673a\u7684\u878d\u5408\u3002\u5b83\u50cf\u751f\u547d\u7684\u751f\u957f\u2014\u2014\u79cd\u5b50\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u52a0\u5165\u5143\u7d20&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u5185\u90e8\u5438\u6536\u8425\u517b&#xff0c;\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u8282\u594f\u751f\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff1a;\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u76f8\u9047\u3001\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3001\u78b0\u649e<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u878d\u5408&#xff1a;\u5728\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u4e92\u6e17\u900f\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u5316&#xff0c;\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u6574\u4f53<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6d8c\u73b0&#xff1a;\u65b0\u6574\u4f53\u8d85\u8d8a\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u548c&#xff0c;\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u6027\u8d28<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8d4b\u5f62&#xff1a;\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u65b0\u6574\u4f53\u9010\u6e10\u83b7\u5f97\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u8868\u8fbe\u3001\u53ef\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u4ea7\u7269<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u662f\u201c\u601d\u60f3\u80da\u80ce\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u6210\u5f62\u3001\u4f46\u5df2\u7ecf\u5177\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7684\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80da\u80ce\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u6ecb\u517b\u3001\u88ab\u57f9\u80b2\u3001\u88ab\u68c0\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u957f\u4e3a\u6210\u719f\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u601d\u60f3\u80da\u80ce\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u662f&#xff1a;\u65e2\u6709\u65b0\u9896\u6027&#xff08;\u4e0d\u662f\u65e7\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u91cd\u590d&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53c8\u6709\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u6027&#xff08;\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eba\u7406\u89e3&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u65e2\u6709\u521b\u9020\u6027&#xff08;\u4e0d\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u5bfc\u7684\u7ed3\u679c&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53c8\u6709\u5408\u7406\u6027&#xff08;\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u5e7b\u60f3&#xff09;&#xff1b;\u65e2\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b&#xff08;\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u957f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53c8\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027&#xff08;\u80fd\u591f\u4f20\u627f&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u7ae0 \u53f8\u7a7a&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u517b\u62a4\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u597d\u5ba2<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>28.1 \u53f8\u7a7a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6eaf\u6e90<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u53f8\u7a7a\u201d\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u5b98\u540d&#xff0c;\u638c\u7ba1\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u8425\u9020\u3001\u6c34\u5229\u7b49\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u5728\u300a\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u300b\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u517b\u62a4\u2014\u2014\u5b88\u62a4\u610f\u4e49\u539f\u751f\u573a\u57df&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u4e0d\u662f\u521b\u9020\u8005&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b88\u62a4\u8005&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u8005&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u517b\u62a4\u8005&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u89d2&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u4e0d\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6761\u4ef6&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u7ed9\u51fa\u7b54\u6848&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b88\u62a4\u8ffd\u95ee&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5851\u9020\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u81ea\u7136\u751f\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>28.2 \u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u5fb7\u6027&#xff1a;\u7559\u767d\u3001\u8fce\u63a5\u3001\u5171\u60c5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u517b\u62a4\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u672c\u8d28&#xff0c;\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e09\u91cd\u6838\u5fc3\u5fb7\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u91cd&#xff1a;\u7559\u767d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7559\u767d\u662f\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u4fdd\u7559\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u4e2d\u56fd\u753b\u4e2d\u7684\u7559\u767d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7a\u65e0\u4e00\u7269&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u60f3\u8c61\u5f97\u4ee5\u9a70\u9a8b\u3001\u8ba9\u610f\u5883\u5f97\u4ee5\u751f\u53d1\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u53f8\u7a7a\u517b\u62a4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u7559\u767d\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4efb\u4f55\u89c4\u5219\u5b8c\u5168\u56fa\u5316\u573a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7559\u767d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5\u662f&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6027\u4fdd\u7559\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u7a7a\u95f4\u624d\u80fd\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7a7a\u95f4\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u6027\u5c31\u88ab\u906e\u853d&#xff1b;\u5982\u679c\u573a\u57df\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u56fa\u5316&#xff0c;\u6e90\u5934\u5c31\u88ab\u5835\u585e\u3002\u53f8\u7a7a\u901a\u8fc7\u7559\u767d&#xff0c;\u5b88\u62a4\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7559\u767d\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5728\u5236\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7559\u51fa\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5728\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7559\u51fa\u5f02\u8bae\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5728\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7559\u51fa\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7559\u51fa\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u91cd&#xff1a;\u8fce\u63a5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fce\u63a5\u662f\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u4e0e\u597d\u5ba2\u3002\u53f8\u7a7a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7559\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u4e3b\u52a8\u8fce\u63a5\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u5230\u6765\u2014\u2014\u8fce\u63a5\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027&#xff0c;\u8fce\u63a5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u58f0\u97f3&#xff0c;\u8fce\u63a5\u964c\u751f\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fce\u63a5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5\u662f&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u800c\u5173\u7cfb\u9700\u8981\u76f8\u4e92\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u548c\u8fce\u63a5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u6211\u5c01\u95ed&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6392\u5916&#xff0c;\u5173\u7cfb\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fce\u63a5\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6b22\u8fce\u591a\u5143\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6b22\u8fce\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u58f0\u97f3<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6b22\u8fce\u6765\u81ea\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684\u89c6\u89d2<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6b22\u8fce\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u91cd&#xff1a;\u5171\u60c5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u60c5\u662f\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8005\u611f\u53d7\u7684\u611f\u901a\u4e0e\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u53f8\u7a7a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8fce\u63a5\u4ed6\u8005&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u52aa\u529b\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3001\u4f53\u9a8c\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u5904\u5883\u3001\u4e0e\u4ed6\u8005\u5171\u611f\u5171\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u60c5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5\u662f&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u5177\u8eab\u6027\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u6ce8\u518c&#xff0c;\u603b\u662f\u5e26\u7740\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u7406\u89e3\u8eab\u4f53&#xff1b;\u8981\u611f\u901a\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u611f\u901a\u60c5\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u60c5\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u503e\u542c\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u6545\u4e8b<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u611f\u53d7\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u60c5\u611f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u5904\u5883<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0e\u4ed6\u8005\u5171\u540c\u627f\u62c5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u91cd\u5fb7\u6027\u6784\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u53f8\u7a7a\u517b\u62a4&#xff1a;\u7559\u767d\u521b\u9020\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u8fce\u63a5\u6253\u5f00\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u5171\u60c5\u6df1\u5316\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4e09\u8005\u76f8\u4e92\u652f\u6491\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u6e17\u900f&#xff0c;\u5171\u540c\u5b88\u62a4\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>28.3 \u53f8\u7a7a\u517b\u62a4\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff1a;\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u517b\u62a4\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u517b\u62a4\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u573a\u57df\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u517b\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u517b\u62a4&#xff1a;\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u7559\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u53ef\u53ca\u6027&#xff0c;\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5efa\u7b51\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u5bb9\u5668&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5851\u9020\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u611f\u77e5\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u793e\u4f1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u517b\u62a4&#xff1a;\u7ef4\u62a4\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u969c\u591a\u5143\u58f0\u97f3\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u6743&#xff0c;\u5b88\u62a4\u5f31\u52bf\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u6743\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u821e\u53f0&#xff0c;\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u5efa\u3001\u4e0d\u65ad\u4fee\u590d\u3001\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5fc3\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u517b\u62a4&#xff1a;\u57f9\u517b\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u5b81\u9759&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u6301\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u5b88\u62a4\u5185\u5728\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5fc3\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u6700\u79c1\u5bc6\u4e5f\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u573a\u57df\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u91cc\u88ab\u586b\u6ee1&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u65e0\u5904\u751f\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u517b\u62a4\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8282\u594f\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u3001\u672a\u6765\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u517b\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u517b\u62a4&#xff1a;\u4fdd\u62a4\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6&#xff0c;\u4f20\u627f\u6587\u5316\u7684\u667a\u6167&#xff0c;\u5c0a\u91cd\u7956\u5148\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u6301\u7eed\u5728\u573a&#xff0c;\u5851\u9020\u7740\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u517b\u62a4&#xff1a;\u73cd\u89c6\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u4e13\u6ce8\u6b64\u523b\u7684\u884c\u52a8&#xff0c;\u611f\u53d7\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u5728\u573a\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u662f\u7a0d\u7eb5\u5373\u901d\u7684\u77ac\u95f4&#xff0c;\u5b83\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4ea4\u6c47\u70b9&#xff0c;\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u65f6\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u6765\u7684\u517b\u62a4&#xff1a;\u4fdd\u6301\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5f00\u653e&#xff0c;\u57f9\u80b2\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u79cd\u5b50&#xff0c;\u5b88\u62a4\u68a6\u60f3\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u5148\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u88ab\u521b\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u517b\u62a4\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u517b\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1a;\u5c0a\u91cd\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027&#xff0c;\u611f\u53d7\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u627f\u62c5\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u5b83\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1a;\u57f9\u517b\u4fe1\u4efb&#xff0c;\u5316\u89e3\u51b2\u7a81&#xff0c;\u5efa\u7acb\u5408\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5316\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5171\u540c\u521b\u9020\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1a;\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u5df1&#xff0c;\u63a5\u7eb3\u81ea\u5df1&#xff0c;\u8d85\u8d8a\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u81ea\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u5b83\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>28.4 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\u53f8\u7a7a\u517b\u62a4\u4e0e\u201c\u65e0\u4e3a\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u517b\u62a4\u667a\u6167&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u9053\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u4e3a\u201d\u601d\u60f3\u6df1\u523b\u547c\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u65e0\u4e3a\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u505a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u65e0\u4e3a\u800c\u65e0\u4e0d\u4e3a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u5f3a\u884c\u5e72\u9884&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8ba9\u4e07\u7269\u81ea\u7136\u751f\u957f&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u5984\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u987a\u52bf\u800c\u4e3a\u3002\u53f8\u7a7a\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u65e0\u4e3a\u201d\u7684\u667a\u6167&#xff1a;\u5b83\u4e0d\u5f3a\u884c\u5851\u9020\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u4f46\u517b\u62a4\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6761\u4ef6&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u4ee3\u66ff\u4ed6\u4eba\u51b3\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b88\u62a4\u4ed6\u4eba\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u4e3a\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6839\u57fa\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u7a7a\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u672c\u8d28\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec8\u6781\u6743\u5a01\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u771f\u7406\u2014\u2014\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5f3a\u6c42\u3001\u4e0d\u6267\u7740\u3001\u4e0d\u5984\u4e3a\u3002\u4f46\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6709\u53ef\u80fd&#xff1b;\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u987a\u5e94\u4e07\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u65e0\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u4f53\u73b0\u5728&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0d\u586b\u6ee1\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4f46\u7559\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0d\u5784\u65ad\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b88\u62a4\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0d\u89c4\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5c0a\u91cd\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0d\u521b\u9020\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u4f46\u517b\u62a4\u610f\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0 \u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u8fd0\u52a8<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>29.1 \u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8212\u5f20\u4e0e\u5438\u7eb3<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u6784\u6210\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u8fd0\u52a8&#xff1a;\u8212\u5f20\u4e0e\u5438\u7eb3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8212\u5f20<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8212\u5f20\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u56fa\u5316\u4e2d\u89e3\u8131&#xff0c;\u5411\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f00\u653e\u3002\u8212\u5f20\u662f\u201c\u51fa\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8d70\u51fa\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u8f68\u9053&#xff0c;\u63a2\u7d22\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u8212\u5f20\u9700\u8981\u52c7\u6c14\u2014\u2014\u6562\u4e8e\u653e\u4e0b\u719f\u6089\u7684\u3001\u62e5\u62b1\u964c\u751f\u7684&#xff1b;\u6562\u4e8e\u8d28\u7591\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u3001\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8212\u5f20\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u201c\u79bb\u5fc3\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5411\u8fb9\u7f18&#xff0c;\u4ece\u7a33\u5b9a\u5411\u53d8\u52a8&#xff0c;\u4ece\u786e\u5b9a\u5411\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u5e26\u6765\u521b\u65b0\u3001\u53d8\u9769\u3001\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8212\u5f20&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u4f1a\u56fa\u5316\u3001\u50f5\u5316\u3001\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5438\u7eb3<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5438\u7eb3\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u5f00\u653e\u4e2d\u6536\u655b&#xff0c;\u5c06\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u843d\u5b9e\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u6027\u3002\u5438\u7eb3\u662f\u201c\u5165\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8fdb\u5165\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc&#xff0c;\u627f\u62c5\u5177\u4f53\u8d23\u4efb&#xff0c;\u843d\u5b9e\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5438\u7eb3\u9700\u8981\u667a\u6167\u2014\u2014\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u8be5\u5438\u6536\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u8be5\u62d2\u7edd&#xff1b;\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5438\u6536\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5438\u7eb3\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u201c\u5411\u5fc3\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u8fb9\u7f18\u5411\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u4ece\u53d8\u52a8\u5411\u7a33\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u4ece\u53ef\u80fd\u5411\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u5b83\u5e26\u6765\u79e9\u5e8f\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u4f20\u627f\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u5438\u7eb3&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u4f1a\u6da3\u6563\u3001\u98d8\u5ffd\u3001\u865a\u65e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u7edf\u4e00<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8212\u5f20\u4e0e\u5438\u7eb3\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u547c\u5438\u2014\u2014\u547c\u51fa\u4e0e\u5438\u5165\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e24\u9762&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5b58\u5728\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e24\u9762&#xff1a;\u609f\u7a7a\u8212\u5f20\u5f00\u653e&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u5438\u7eb3\u843d\u5b9e&#xff1b;\u609f\u7a7a\u521b\u9020\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u517b\u62a4\u73b0\u5b9e&#xff1b;\u609f\u7a7a\u7834\u6267&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u7acb\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u8fd0\u52a8&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u751f\u547d\u8282\u594f\u3002\u5b83\u8ba9\u5b58\u5728\u65e2\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e&#xff0c;\u53c8\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a&#xff1b;\u65e2\u80fd\u521b\u65b0&#xff0c;\u53c8\u80fd\u4f20\u627f&#xff1b;\u65e2\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u6d41\u52a8&#xff0c;\u53c8\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u5b89\u4f4f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>29.2 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\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8868\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u503e\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u609f\u7a7a\u9762\u5411<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u609f\u7a7a\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u559c\u6b22\u63a2\u7d22\u672a\u77e5&#xff0c;\u52c7\u4e8e\u8d28\u7591\u5e38\u89c4&#xff0c;\u4e50\u4e8e\u5c1d\u8bd5\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5f00\u653e\u3001\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u521b\u9020\u529b&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u66f4\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8010\u5fc3\u3001\u66f4\u96be\u575a\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u609f\u7a7a\u9762\u5411\u4f53\u73b0\u5728&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u4fdd\u6301\u8d28\u7591<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5bf9\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5728\u56f0\u5883\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u7a81\u7834<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5728\u632b\u6298\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u53f8\u7a7a\u9762\u5411<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u53f8\u7a7a\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u5584\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u7cbe\u4e8e\u7167\u6599\u65e5\u5e38&#xff0c;\u957f\u4e8e\u575a\u6301\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u8010\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u4fdd\u5b88\u3001\u66f4\u50f5\u5316\u3001\u66f4\u6297\u62d2\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u53f8\u7a7a\u9762\u5411\u4f53\u73b0\u5728&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u7ef4\u62a4\u65e2\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u548c\u8c10<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u7167\u6599\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7ec6\u8282<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u575a\u6301\u957f\u671f\u7684\u52aa\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4f20\u627f\u6587\u5316\u7684\u667a\u6167<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2a\u4f53\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u5e73\u8861<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u9700\u8981\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u592a\u504f\u609f\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u6c38\u4e0d\u505c\u6b47\u7684\u6d41\u6d6a\u8005&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u624e\u6839&#xff1b;\u592a\u504f\u53f8\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b88\u4e00\u9685\u7684\u5b88\u6210\u8005&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5e73\u8861\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u8c03\u8282\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fa7\u91cd\u3002\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981\u6709\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u2014\u2014\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u609f\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u53f8\u7a7a&#xff1b;\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>29.4 \u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u5728\u6587\u660e\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8868\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6587\u660e\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u6587\u660e\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u660e\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u609f\u7a7a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u660e\u7684\u609f\u7a7a\u9762\u5411\u4f53\u73b0\u5728&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u79d1\u5b66\u9769\u547d\u2014\u2014\u7a81\u7834\u65e7\u8303\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u8303\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u827a\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u2014\u2014\u6253\u7834\u65e7\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u98ce\u683c<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\u2014\u2014\u63a8\u7ffb\u65e7\u5236\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u79e9\u5e8f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u601d\u60f3\u7a81\u7834\u2014\u2014\u8d85\u8d8a\u65e7\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u5f00\u8f9f\u65b0\u89c6\u91ce<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u609f\u7a7a\u65f6\u523b&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u6587\u660e\u4ece\u56fa\u5316\u4e2d\u89e3\u8131\u3001\u5411\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u8212\u5f20\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u6587\u660e\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3001\u7e41\u8363\u3001\u6d3b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u660e\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u53f8\u7a7a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u660e\u7684\u53f8\u7a7a\u9762\u5411\u4f53\u73b0\u5728&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4f20\u7edf\u4f20\u627f\u2014\u2014\u5b88\u62a4\u7ecf\u5178&#xff0c;\u5ef6\u7eed\u667a\u6167<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5236\u5ea6\u7ef4\u62a4\u2014\u2014\u7a33\u5b9a\u79e9\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u969c\u751f\u6d3b<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6587\u5316\u6ecb\u517b\u2014\u2014\u57f9\u80b2\u571f\u58e4&#xff0c;\u6db5\u517b\u7cbe\u795e<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5173\u7cfb\u4fee\u590d\u2014\u2014\u5316\u89e3\u51b2\u7a81&#xff0c;\u91cd\u5efa\u548c\u8c10<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53f8\u7a7a\u65f6\u523b&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u6587\u660e\u4ece\u5f00\u653e\u4e2d\u6536\u655b\u3001\u5c06\u53ef\u80fd\u843d\u5b9e\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u5438\u7eb3\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u6587\u660e\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u5ef6\u7eed\u3001\u548c\u8c10\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u660e\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u5e73\u8861<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6587\u660e\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u592a\u504f\u609f\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u6587\u660e\u53ef\u80fd\u9677\u5165\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u52a8\u8361&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u79ef\u7d2f\u667a\u6167\u3001\u4f20\u627f\u7ecf\u9a8c&#xff1b;\u592a\u504f\u53f8\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u6587\u660e\u53ef\u80fd\u9677\u5165\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u505c\u6ede&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u6311\u6218\u3001\u521b\u65b0\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e73\u8861\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u660e\u4e2d\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u504f\u609f\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u4e1c\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u504f\u53f8\u7a7a\u3002\u4f46\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u660e\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u609f\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u6587\u660e\u4f1a\u50f5\u5316&#xff1b;\u6ca1\u6709\u53f8\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u6587\u660e\u4f1a\u6da3\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>29.5 \u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u9012\u5f52<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u6b21\u609f\u7a7a\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u53f8\u7a7a\u6765\u517b\u62a4&#xff1b;\u517b\u62a4\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u6b21\u56fa\u5316&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u65b0\u7684\u609f\u7a7a\u6765\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u6c38\u65e0\u6b62\u5883\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u50cf\u751f\u547d\u7684\u547c\u5438\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65e0\u9650\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u609f\u201d\u5230\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u62e5\u6709\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u547c\u5438\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u4f53\u8bc1\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u52b3\u6c38\u9038\u7684\u89c9\u609f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u2014\u2014\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u56fa\u5316\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u60ac\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u50f5\u5316\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u7a81\u7834\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u52b3\u6c38\u9038\u7684\u517b\u62a4&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u2014\u2014\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u53d8\u52a8\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u7a33\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u521b\u65b0\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u8282\u594f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u7ae0 \u54ea\u5412\u5f0f\u89c9\u9192&#xff1a;\u4e2a\u4f53\u9769\u65b0\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>30.1 \u54ea\u5412\u610f\u8c61\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u610f\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54ea\u5412\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u795e\u8bdd\u4e2d\u6781\u5177\u53db\u9006\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u5254\u9aa8\u8fd8\u7236\u3001\u5254\u8089\u8fd8\u6bcd&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u83b2\u82b1\u5316\u8eab\u91cd\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u8c61\u8574\u542b\u7740\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u610f\u6db5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u51b3\u88c2<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54ea\u5412\u4e0e\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u4e0e\u65e2\u6709\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u51b3\u88c2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u6539\u9769&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u9769\u547d&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684\u6539\u826f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\u3002\u5254\u9aa8\u8fd8\u7236&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u62d2\u7edd\u88ab\u65e2\u6709\u6846\u67b6\u5b9a\u4e49&#xff1b;\u5254\u8089\u8fd8\u6bcd&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u62d2\u7edd\u88ab\u65e2\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u675f\u7f1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u51b3\u88c2\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u6027&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u609f\u7a7a\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u6781\u81f4\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u5f7b\u5e95\u56fa\u5316\u3001\u610f\u4e49\u5f7b\u5e95\u50f5\u5316\u3001\u6743\u529b\u5f7b\u5e95\u5f02\u5316\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6548&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u54ea\u5412\u5f0f\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u51b3\u88c2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u6bc1\u706d\u4e0e\u91cd\u751f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54ea\u5412\u7684\u51b3\u88c2\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6211\u6bc1\u706d\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u6211\u91cd\u751f\u3002\u5254\u9aa8\u5254\u8089\u662f\u6bc1\u706d&#xff0c;\u83b2\u82b1\u5316\u8eab\u662f\u91cd\u751f\u3002\u6bc1\u706d\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u65e2\u6709\u6846\u67b6\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u5047\u6211\u201d&#xff1b;\u91cd\u751f\u7684\u624d\u662f\u201c\u771f\u6211\u201d\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u6846\u67b6\u675f\u7f1a\u7684\u672c\u6765\u9762\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u6bc1\u706d\u4e0e\u91cd\u751f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u60ac\u7f6e\u662f\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u6bc1\u706d&#xff0c;\u91cd\u6784\u662f\u5bf9\u65b0\u751f\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u521b\u9020\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u6bc1\u706d&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u751f&#xff1b;\u6ca1\u6709\u60ac\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u521b\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u83b2\u82b1\u5316\u8eab\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u610f\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54ea\u5412\u91cd\u751f\u4e3a\u83b2\u82b1\u5316\u8eab\u3002\u83b2\u82b1\u5728\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u8c61\u5f81\u51fa\u6de4\u6ce5\u800c\u4e0d\u67d3\u2014\u2014\u751f\u4e8e\u6d4a\u4e16\u800c\u4e0d\u88ab\u6d4a\u4e16\u6c61\u67d3\u3002\u83b2\u82b1\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u610f\u6db5\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u4e0d\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5374\u80fd\u663e\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff1b;\u5b83\u4e0d\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u6c61\u67d3\u6cbe\u67d3&#xff0c;\u5374\u80fd\u751f\u957f\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u83b2\u82b1\u5316\u8eab\u6b63\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u675f\u7f1a&#xff0c;\u5374\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u6846\u67b6\u9650\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u5374\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>30.2 \u54ea\u5412\u5f0f\u89c9\u9192\u7684\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;\u65ad\u88c2\u3001\u7a7a\u6027\u3001\u91cd\u5851<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54ea\u5412\u5f0f\u89c9\u9192\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u91cd\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6210\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u91cd&#xff1a;\u65ad\u88c2<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65ad\u88c2\u662f\u4e0e\u65e2\u6709\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u51b3\u88c2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u201c\u6539\u826f\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8c03\u6574\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u62d2\u7edd\u88ab\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u65ad\u88c2\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;\u6211\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4f60\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6211&#xff0c;\u6211\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u4f60\u4eec\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u89d2\u8272&#xff0c;\u6211\u4e0d\u518d\u9075\u5faa\u4f60\u4eec\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u8f68\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65ad\u88c2\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u6027\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u65e0\u6cd5\u6253\u7834\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u50cf\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u529d\u8bf4\u65e0\u6cd5\u6539\u53d8\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u65ad\u88c2\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u91cd&#xff1a;\u7a7a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65ad\u88c2\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165\u7a7a\u6027\u3002\u5254\u9aa8\u8fd8\u7236\u3001\u5254\u8089\u8fd8\u6bcd\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u54ea\u5412\u8fdb\u5165\u201c\u65e0\u201d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u65e0\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u65e0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5c1a\u672a\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u539f\u521d\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u675f\u7f1a\u88ab\u89e3\u9664&#xff0c;\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5c1a\u672a\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u2014\u2014\u65b0\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u65e7\u6846\u67b6\u9884\u5148\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u91cd&#xff1a;\u91cd\u5851<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u65b0\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u88ab\u91cd\u5851\u3002\u83b2\u82b1\u5316\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u56de\u5230\u65e7\u7684\u8eab\u4f53&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u662f\u65e7\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u6539\u826f\u7248&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u521b\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u5851\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u53d7\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u2014\u2014\u987a\u5e94\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u672c\u6765\u9762\u76ee&#xff1b;\u53d7\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u2014\u2014\u9002\u5e94\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u6761\u4ef6&#xff1b;\u53d7\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u2014\u2014\u4f53\u73b0\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>30.3 \u4ece\u4e2a\u4f53\u89c9\u9192\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54ea\u5412\u5f0f\u89c9\u9192\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u56fa\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u4f1a\u56fa\u5316\u3002\u5236\u5ea6\u53d8\u5f97\u50f5\u5316&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u9002\u5e94\u53d8\u5316&#xff1b;\u6587\u5316\u53d8\u5f97\u4fdd\u5b88&#xff0c;\u6392\u65a5\u5916\u6765\u5f71\u54cd&#xff1b;\u4ef7\u503c\u53d8\u5f97\u6559\u6761&#xff0c;\u538b\u5236\u591a\u5143\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u56fa\u5316\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6548&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u54ea\u5412\u5f0f\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65ad\u88c2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65ad\u88c2<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u65ad\u88c2\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;\u65e7\u5236\u5ea6\u88ab\u63a8\u7ffb&#xff0c;\u65e7\u6587\u5316\u88ab\u8d28\u7591&#xff0c;\u65e7\u4ef7\u503c\u88ab\u98a0\u8986\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684\u6539\u826f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6839\u672c\u7684\u9769\u547d\u3002\u65ad\u88c2\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u5145\u6ee1\u98ce\u9669\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u80fd\u9677\u5165\u6df7\u4e71&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u8d70\u5411\u865a\u65e0&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u66f4\u574f\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u4f46\u65ad\u88c2\u4e5f\u662f\u673a\u4f1a\u2014\u2014\u4e3a\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u521b\u9020\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a7a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u65ad\u88c2\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d\u3002\u65e7\u79e9\u5e8f\u5df2\u7ecf\u74e6\u89e3&#xff0c;\u65b0\u79e9\u5e8f\u5c1a\u672a\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6df7\u6c8c\u7684\u65f6\u523b&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u521b\u9020\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u3002\u5404\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6d8c\u73b0\u3001\u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u878d\u5408&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d20\u6750\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u5851<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u91cd\u5851\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u65e7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6539\u826f\u7248&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u65b0\u521b\u9020\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5438\u6536\u65e7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8d4b\u4e88\u5b83\u4eec\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd&#xff1b;\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u501f\u9274\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u8eab\u60c5\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>30.4 \u54ea\u5412\u5f0f\u89c9\u9192\u4e0e\u609f\u7a7a-\u53f8\u7a7a\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u6574\u5408<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54ea\u5412\u5f0f\u89c9\u9192\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u609f\u7a7a-\u53f8\u7a7a\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u5316\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54ea\u5412\u4f5c\u4e3a\u609f\u7a7a\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236&#xff08;\u60ac\u7f6e-\u91cd\u6784-\u951a\u5b9a&#xff09;\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u6781\u7aef\u56fa\u5316\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u5412\u5f0f\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u51b3\u88c2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u609f\u7a7a\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u5316\u2014\u2014\u60ac\u7f6e\u53d8\u6210\u65ad\u88c2&#xff0c;\u91cd\u6784\u53d8\u6210\u91cd\u5851&#xff0c;\u951a\u5b9a\u53d8\u6210\u65b0\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a\u5728\u89c9\u9192\u540e\u7684\u91cd\u5efa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54ea\u5412\u5f0f\u89c9\u9192\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u91cd\u5efa\u3002\u65ad\u88c2\u4e4b\u540e\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u590d&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u6027\u4e4b\u540e\u9700\u8981\u843d\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u91cd\u5851\u4e4b\u540e\u9700\u8981\u517b\u62a4\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u53f8\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u89c9\u9192\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u6c38\u65e0\u6b62\u5883\u7684\u52a8\u8361&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u6b63\u843d\u5730\u751f\u6839\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u5728\u89c9\u9192\u4e2d\u7684\u7edf\u4e00<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u89c9\u9192\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u53f8\u7a7a\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u57fa\u7840&#xff1b;\u53f8\u7a7a\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u609f\u7a7a\u7684\u538b\u5236&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u609f\u7a7a\u5f97\u4ee5\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u89c9\u9192\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5bb9\u7eb3\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>30.5 \u89c9\u9192\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u5e38&#xff1a;\u65b0\u60ef\u4e60\u7684\u517b\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c9\u9192\u4e0d\u662f\u7ec8\u70b9&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6311\u6218\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u89c9\u9192\u540e\u5efa\u7acb\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u60ef\u4e60\u7684\u5f62\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c9\u9192\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u60ef\u4e60\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u80fd\u591f\u4f53\u73b0\u65b0\u4ef7\u503c\u3001\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u65b0\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u60ef\u4e60\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u89c9\u9192\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u89c9\u9192\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u89c9\u9192\u4ece\u201c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\u53d8\u6210\u201c\u72b6\u6001\u201d&#xff0c;\u4ece\u201c\u77ac\u95f4\u201d\u53d8\u6210\u201c\u6301\u7eed\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u60ef\u4e60\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u8010\u5fc3\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u8e74\u800c\u5c31\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u590d\u4e00\u65e5\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u9010\u6e10\u6c89\u6dc0\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u9009\u62e9&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u5851\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u60ef\u4e60&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u91cd\u590d&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u5de9\u56fa\u65b0\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0e\u60ef\u4e60\u7684\u5f20\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u60ef\u4e60\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5f20\u529b\u662f&#xff1a;\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u5f62\u6210\u60ef\u4e60&#xff1f;\u60ef\u4e60\u5bb9\u6613\u56fa\u5316&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u6d41\u52a8&#xff1b;\u60ef\u4e60\u8ffd\u6c42\u7a33\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u6027\u8ffd\u6c42\u5f00\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f20\u529b\u4e0d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u201c\u89e3\u51b3\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u201c\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u7684\u827a\u672f\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6d88\u9664\u4e00\u65b9&#xff0c;\u5e73\u8861\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5305\u5bb9\u53cc\u65b9\u3002\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u65b0\u60ef\u4e60&#xff0c;\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u65e2\u7a33\u5b9a\u53c8\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u4f46\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u5bf9\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u654f\u611f&#xff1b;\u5b83\u6c89\u6dc0\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u667a\u6167&#xff0c;\u4f46\u59cb\u7ec8\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5f00\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u5e38\u4fee\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5e73\u8861\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0e\u60ef\u4e60&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fee\u884c\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u89c9\u5bdf&#xff1a;\u5728\u60ef\u4e60\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u89c9\u5bdf&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u88ab\u60ef\u6027\u88f9\u631f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u53cd\u601d&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u671f\u53cd\u601d\u60ef\u4e60\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027&#xff0c;\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u66f4\u65b0&#xff1a;\u6839\u636e\u65b0\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u66f4\u65b0\u60ef\u4e60&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u751f\u547d\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u56de\u5f52&#xff1a;\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u56de\u5f52\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u4ece\u6e90\u5934\u6c72\u53d6\u65b0\u7684\u7075\u611f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fee\u884c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec8\u70b9\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u56de\u5f52\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u5f00\u59cb&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5f62\u6210\u60ef\u4e60&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb&#xff0c;\u5728\u89c9\u9192\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7eed\u65cb\u8f6c\u2014\u2014\u6c38\u65e0\u6b62\u5883&#xff0c;\u751f\u751f\u4e0d\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e03\u5377 \u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff1a;\u591a\u5143\u667a\u6167\u7167\u4eae\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0 \u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u660e&#xff1a;\u795e\u5723\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u964d\u793a\u65f6\u523b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>31.1 \u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u660e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7cbe\u795e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201c\u8ba4\u4e3b\u72ec\u4e00\u201d&#xff08;Tawhid&#xff09;\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u552f\u4e00\u771f\u4e3b\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u660e\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u795e\u5723\u5f8b\u6cd5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6c99\u91cc\u4e9a&#xff08;Sharia&#xff09;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u795e\u5723\u5f8b\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5b97\u6559\u4eea\u5f0f\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u7b49\u65b9\u65b9\u9762\u9762\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u4e3a\u5236\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u771f\u4e3b\u542f\u793a\u7684&#xff0c;\u5177\u6709\u795e\u5723\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u77e5\u4f20\u7edf<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u627f\u8ba4\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5148\u77e5\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u963f\u4e39&#xff08;\u4e9a\u5f53&#xff09;\u5230\u52aa\u54c8&#xff08;\u8bfa\u4e9a&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4ece\u6613\u535c\u62c9\u6b23&#xff08;\u4e9a\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55&#xff09;\u5230\u7a46\u8428&#xff08;\u6469\u897f&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4ece\u5c14\u6492&#xff08;\u8036\u7a23&#xff09;\u5230\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u5148\u77e5\u90fd\u4f20\u8fbe\u771f\u4e3b\u7684\u542f\u793a&#xff0c;\u6784\u6210\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u542f\u793a\u4f20\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7ecf\u5178\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u771f\u4e3b\u7684\u6700\u540e\u542f\u793a&#xff0c;\u662f\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u3001\u667a\u6167\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u751f\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u8bf5\u8bfb\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>31.2 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al-Nuzul&#xff09;\u662f\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u89e3\u91ca\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5219&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u8fbe&#xff1b;\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u7406&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fa7\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65f6\u523b\u6027&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u6d8c\u73b0\u5f62\u6210\u547c\u5e94\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u62bd\u8c61\u4e2d\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u523b\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u201c\u964d\u4e34\u201d\u7684\u3002\u964d\u793a\u7684\u65f6\u523b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u795e\u5723\u6e90\u5934\u8fdb\u5165\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u77ac\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u964d\u793a\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u964d\u793a\u9700\u8981\u4e2d\u4ecb\u2014\u2014\u5929\u4f7f\u5409\u535c\u5229\u52d2&#xff0c;\u5148\u77e5\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u201c\u5408\u4e00\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6709\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7684\u201c\u4f20\u8fbe\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u4ecb\u6027\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u610f\u6db5&#xff1a;\u795e\u5723\u610f\u4e49\u8fdb\u5165\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u201c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u795e\u5723\u8bed\u8a00&#xff08;\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u542f\u793a\u7684\u8bed\u8a00&#xff09;\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u4ece\u8d85\u8d8a\u5c42\u9762\u5230\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5c42\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u4ecb\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5230\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u3002\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u201c\u8d4b\u5f62\u201d\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u53ef\u4f20\u8fbe\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u964d\u793a\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u6027&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d4b\u5f62\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>31.3 \u795e\u5723\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u4ece\u8d85\u8d8a\u5230\u5185\u5728<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4f20\u7edf\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f62\u6001\u2014\u2014\u201c\u795e\u5723\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u4e0d\u5728\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u771f\u4e3b\u90a3\u91cc\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u4eba\u7684\u5185\u5728\u751f\u53d1\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u201c\u964d\u4e34\u201d\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u521b\u9020\u8005&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d\u3001\u9053\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u9053\u201d\u5f62\u6210\u5bf9\u7167\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u662f\u5185\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u9053\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u7684&#xff0c;\u771f\u4e3b\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u660e\u7167\u4eae\u4e86\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5185\u5728\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u542f\u793a\u9700\u8981\u5185\u5728\u5316\u3002\u5148\u77e5\u63a5\u53d7\u542f\u793a&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u201c\u63a5\u6536\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u201c\u8f6c\u5316\u201d\u2014\u2014\u542f\u793a\u8fdb\u5165\u5148\u77e5\u7684\u610f\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u53ef\u4f20\u8fbe\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5185\u5728\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u795e\u5723\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u77ac\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5185\u5728\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u201c\u843d\u6237\u201d&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u8fdb\u5165\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u843d\u6237\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5411\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u795e\u5723\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7279\u5f81<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u795e\u5723\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u5f81&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6e90\u5934\u6027&#xff1a;\u5b83\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u6765\u7684<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8d85\u8d8a\u6027&#xff1a;\u5b83\u8d85\u8d8a\u4eba\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4eba\u5b8c\u5168\u628a\u63e1<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u65f6\u523b\u6027&#xff1a;\u5b83\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u523b\u964d\u4e34&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6c38\u6052\u5728\u573a\u7684<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e2d\u4ecb\u6027&#xff1a;\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u4ecb\u4f20\u8fbe&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u88ab\u7406\u89e3<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>31.4 \u8bf5\u8bfb\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff1a;\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u4f20\u627f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf5\u8bfb\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u88ab\u751f\u6210\u548c\u4f20\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf5\u8bfb&#xff08;Qira&#039;at&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u9996\u5148\u662f\u88ab\u8bf5\u8bfb\u7684\u3002\u8bf5\u8bfb\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9605\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u795e\u5723\u6587\u672c\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u73b0\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u542f\u793a\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u518d\u6b21\u5728\u573a\u3002\u8bf5\u8bfb\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5219&#xff08; tajwid&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u97f3\u8c03&#xff0c;\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8282\u594f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf5\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u795e\u5723\u53d9\u4e8b\u88ab\u201c\u6d3b\u201d\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf5\u8bfb\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5177\u8eab\u6027\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6587\u5b57&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u58f0\u97f3&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf5\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u8fdb\u5165\u8eab\u4f53&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5fc6&#xff08;Hifz&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u88ab\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u3002\u80cc\u8bf5\u6574\u90e8\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u8ffd\u6c42\u3002\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0d\u662f\u673a\u68b0\u7684\u590d\u5236&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u795e\u5723\u6587\u672c\u7684\u201c\u5185\u5316\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u542f\u793a\u6210\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u80cc\u8bf5\u8005\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u54c8\u83f2\u5179\u201d&#xff08;Hafiz&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u662f\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0a\u8d35\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5185\u5728\u5316\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684\u6587\u672c&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u5185\u5728\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u516c\u5171\u7684\u9057\u4ea7&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u79c1\u4eba\u7684\u966a\u4f34\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5fc6&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u8fdb\u5165\u5fc3\u7075&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u5185\u5316\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff08;Amal&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u6700\u7ec8\u662f\u88ab\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u3002\u4fe1\u4ef0\u9700\u8981\u884c\u52a8\u6765\u4f53\u73b0&#xff0c;\u542f\u793a\u9700\u8981\u751f\u6d3b\u6765\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u751f\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u300a\u53e4\u5170\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u5b9e\u8df5\u2014\u2014\u5728\u7948\u7977\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u8bf4\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u6d3b\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u547d&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u8fdb\u5165\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u5b9e\u73b0\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>31.5 \u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u667a\u6167\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u542f\u793a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u660e\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u542f\u793a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u542f\u793a\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5185\u5728\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u3002\u6709\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u771f\u4e3b\u201d\u201c\u9053\u201d\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4eba\u5b8c\u5168\u628a\u63e1&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4eba\u5b8c\u5168\u64cd\u63a7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027&#xff0c;\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u6027\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u53d7\u542f\u793a\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u5148\u77e5\u9700\u8981\u201c\u51c6\u5907\u201d\u63a5\u53d7\u542f\u793a\u2014\u2014\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u7eaf\u51c0\u3001\u4e13\u6ce8\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u63a5\u7eb3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u51c6\u5907&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u89c9\u77e5\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u63a5\u53d7\u542f\u793a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5177\u8eab\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf5\u8bfb\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u88ab\u201c\u6d3b\u201d\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u53d9\u4e8b\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u538b\u5236&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u524d\u4eba\u7684\u80a9\u8180\u4e0a\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b9\u5411&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u6807\u51c6&#xff0c;\u63d0\u4f9b\u667a\u6167\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u521b\u65b0\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u6ca6\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0 \u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e&#xff1a;\u65e0\u6211\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027\u667a\u6167<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>32.1 \u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7cbe\u795e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201c\u89e3\u8131\u201d&#xff08;Moksha&#xff09;\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u751f\u6b7b\u8f6e\u56de\u4e2d\u89e3\u8131\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e1a\u4e0e\u8f6e\u56de<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e1a&#xff08;Karma&#xff09;\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6cd5\u5219\u2014\u2014\u5584\u6709\u5584\u62a5&#xff0c;\u6076\u6709\u6076\u62a5\u3002\u8f6e\u56de&#xff08;Samsara&#xff09;\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u2014\u2014\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f&#xff0c;\u7075\u9b42\u5728\u516d\u9053\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u8f6c\u751f\u3002\u89e3\u8131\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u8f6e\u56de\u4e2d\u5f7b\u5e95\u6446\u8131\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u745c\u4f3d\u4e0e\u4fee\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u745c\u4f3d&#xff08;Yoga&#xff09;\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u89e3\u8131\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u5f84\u2014\u2014\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u5fc3\u667a\u3001\u610f\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0e\u7ec8\u6781\u5b9e\u5728\u7684\u5408\u4e00\u3002\u4fee\u884c&#xff08;Sadhana&#xff09;\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\u52aa\u529b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7ec8\u8eab\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u4e8c\u8bba\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u54f2\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5546\u7faf\u7f57\u7684\u4e0d\u4e8c\u8bba&#xff08;Advaita&#xff09;\u8ba4\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u4e2a\u4f53\u7075\u9b42&#xff08;Atman&#xff09;\u4e0e\u5b87\u5b99\u5927\u6211&#xff08;Brahman&#xff09;\u5728\u672c\u4f53\u4e0a\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u7684\u3002\u9f99\u6811\u7684\u7a7a\u6027&#xff08;Sunyata&#xff09;\u8ba4\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7686\u56e0\u7f18\u800c\u8d77&#xff0c;\u65e0\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>32.2 \u201c\u65e0\u6211\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u65e0\u6211\u201d&#xff08;Anatta&#xff09;\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u6307\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u5b58\u7684\u201c\u6211\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u5224<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u65e0\u6211\u201d\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5bf9\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u201c\u6211\u201d\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002\u65e5\u5e38\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u611f\u89c9\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u201c\u6211\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u751f\u5230\u6b7b&#xff0c;\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u5230\u672a\u6765&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u6211\u201d\u59cb\u7ec8\u5982\u4e00\u3002\u4f46\u4f5b\u6559\u5206\u6790\u63ed\u793a&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u6211\u201d\u662f\u4e94\u8574&#xff08;\u8272\u3001\u53d7\u3001\u60f3\u3001\u884c\u3001\u8bc6&#xff09;\u7684\u805a\u5408&#xff0c;\u662f\u5239\u90a3\u751f\u706d\u7684\u76f8\u7eed&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6279\u5224\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5bf9\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u5224\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u201c\u6211\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u6211\u4e0e\u5173\u7cfb\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u65e0\u6211\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u6211\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u81ea\u5b58\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u201d\u3002\u6211\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0e\u7236\u6bcd\u3001\u4e0e\u5e08\u957f\u3001\u4e0e\u670b\u53cb\u3001\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u6211\u201d\u3002\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f5b\u6559\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u56e0\u7f18\u800c\u8d77\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u6211\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u65e0\u6211\u201d\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u6307\u5411\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u201c\u6211\u201d\u662f\u7a7a\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u5b58\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u65e0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u7f18\u8d77\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u5728\u56e0\u7f18\u4e2d\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u81ea\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>32.3 \u65e0\u6211\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u610f\u8bc6\u6d88\u878d\u4e0e\u6e90\u5934\u56de\u5f52<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f62\u6001\u2014\u2014\u201c\u65e0\u6211\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6d88\u878d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u51a5\u60f3\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u8bc6\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u878d\u3002\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u201c\u6211\u201d\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u601d\u8003\u8005\u3001\u611f\u53d7\u8005\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u2014\u2014\u9010\u6e10\u6de1\u5316\u3001\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u6700\u7ec8\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6d88\u5931&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6211\u6267\u201d\u7684\u6d88\u5931\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u201c\u6211\u201d\u7684\u5e7b\u8c61\u88ab\u7834\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6d88\u878d\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u201c\u6211\u201d\u4e0d\u518d\u5360\u636e\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u5f53\u65e5\u5e38\u53d9\u4e8b\u6682\u65f6\u505c\u6b47&#xff0c;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u9732\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u7a7a\u65e0\u4e00\u7269\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u4e07\u6709\u4e4b\u6e90\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6e90\u5934\u7684\u56de\u5f52<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u8bc6\u6d88\u878d\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u662f\u6e90\u5934\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e90\u5934\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u5207\u201d\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u663e\u73b0\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u3002\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e90\u5934\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5927\u6211\u201d&#xff08;Brahman&#xff09;\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u6211&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u5927\u6211\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6e90\u5934\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u83b7\u5f97\u201d\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u56de\u5f52\u201d\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u6211\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u56de\u5f52\u6211\u4eec\u672c\u6765\u7684\u9762\u76ee\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u4ece\u672a\u79bb\u5f00\u3001\u4f46\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u906e\u853d\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u6211\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7279\u5f81<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u6211\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u5f81&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u65e0\u6267\u6027&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u6211\u201d\u672c\u8eab<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6e90\u53d1\u6027&#xff1a;\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u610f\u4e49\u672c\u8eab<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u904d\u5728\u6027&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u5728\u522b\u5904&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0d\u53ef\u8bf4\u6027&#xff1a;\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u8bed\u8a00\u6355\u6349&#xff0c;\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u4f53\u8bc1<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>32.4 \u7985\u5b9a\u3001\u89c2\u7167\u3001\u667a\u6167&#xff1a;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u5165\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7985\u5b9a&#xff08;Dhyana&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7985\u5b9a\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4e13\u6ce8\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u547c\u5438\u3001\u4f5b\u50cf\u3001\u5492\u8bed\u2014\u2014\u9010\u6e10\u6392\u9664\u6742\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u4e13\u6ce8\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u7985\u5b9a\u7684\u6781\u81f4\u662f\u4e09\u6469\u5730&#xff08;Samadhi&#xff09;\u2014\u2014\u610f\u8bc6\u5b8c\u5168\u878d\u5165\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u5ba2\u5bf9\u7acb\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7985\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u201c\u6b62\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6b62\u606f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6563\u4e71&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u610f\u8bc6\u56de\u5f52\u5b81\u9759\u3002\u5728\u5b81\u9759\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u65e5\u5e38\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u55a7\u56a3\u9010\u6e10\u5e73\u606f&#xff0c;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u9732\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c2\u7167&#xff08;Vipassana&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c2\u7167\u662f\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u601d\u8003&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u89c2\u5bdf&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u6790&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u89c9\u77e5\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u547c\u5438\u7684\u51fa\u5165&#xff0c;\u89c2\u5bdf\u611f\u53d7\u7684\u751f\u706d&#xff0c;\u89c2\u5bdf\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8d77\u843d\u3002\u5728\u89c2\u7167\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u201c\u770b\u5230\u201d\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u2014\u2014\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u5207\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u65e0\u5e38\u3001\u82e6\u3001\u65e0\u6211\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c2\u7167\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u201c\u89c2\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6d1e\u5bdf\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u771f\u76f8&#xff0c;\u7834\u9664\u5bf9\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u6267\u7740\u3002\u5728\u89c2\u7167\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u4f53\u8bc1\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\u7686\u56e0\u7f18\u800c\u8d77&#xff0c;\u65e0\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u667a\u6167&#xff08;Prajna&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u667a\u6167\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u89c9\u609f\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8f6c\u5316&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6210\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6027\u3002\u667a\u6167\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u8f6e\u56de\u4e2d\u89e3\u8131&#xff0c;\u4ece\u75db\u82e6\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e&#xff0c;\u4ece\u65e0\u660e\u4e2d\u89c9\u9192\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u667a\u6167\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u201c\u609f\u201d\u2014\u2014\u89c9\u609f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u771f\u76f8&#xff0c;\u56de\u5f52\u672c\u6765\u7684\u9762\u76ee\u3002\u5728\u667a\u6167\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u201c\u662f\u201d\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u62e5\u6709\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6210\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6b62\u3001\u89c2\u3001\u609f\u6784\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u5f84&#xff1a;\u6b62\u5e73\u606f\u6563\u4e71&#xff0c;\u89c2\u6d1e\u5bdf\u771f\u76f8&#xff0c;\u609f\u8f6c\u5316\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6c72\u53d6\u7075\u611f&#xff0c;\u5c06\u7a7a\u6027\u667a\u6167\u878d\u5165\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>32.5 \u5370\u5ea6\u667a\u6167\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u542f\u793a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u542f\u793a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u6211\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u65e0\u6211\u201d\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d1e\u89c1\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u6e90\u5934<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u6709\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u201c\u6709\u201d\u5f97\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e90\u5934\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u5bf9\u8c61\u5316\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u6982\u5ff5\u5316&#xff0c;\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4fee\u884c\u4e2d\u88ab\u4f53\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u5165\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u57f9\u517b\u7a7a\u6027\u89c9\u77e5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u7985\u5b9a\u3001\u89c2\u7167\u3001\u667a\u6167\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u89c9\u609f\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u9003\u79bb\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8981\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u89c9\u609f\u3002\u201c\u5e73\u5e38\u5fc3\u662f\u9053\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u4e2d\u4fee\u884c&#xff0c;\u5728\u4fee\u884c\u4e2d\u65e5\u5e38\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u201c\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0 \u975e\u6d32\u6587\u660e&#xff1a;\u5173\u7cfb\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>33.1 \u975e\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7cbe\u795e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201c\u751f\u547d\u529b\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u5207\u5b58\u5728\u7686\u5145\u6ee1\u751f\u547d\u529b&#xff0c;\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u975e\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u4e16\u754c\u89c2<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6d32\u4f20\u7edf\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u662f\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8005&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u4eba\u4e0e\u7956\u5148\u3001\u4eba\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7edf\u4e00\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7956\u5148\u5d07\u62dc<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7956\u5148\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6b7b\u8005\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5728\u573a\u7684\u7075\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u751f\u8005\u7684\u751f\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7948\u6c42\u3001\u88ab\u6c9f\u901a\u3001\u88ab\u5b89\u629a\u3002\u751f\u8005\u4e0e\u7956\u5148\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u662f\u793e\u533a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53e3\u5934\u4f20\u7edf<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u662f\u53e3\u5934\u4f20\u7edf\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u6587\u660e\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u667a\u6167\u901a\u8fc7\u53e3\u5934\u4f20\u627f&#xff0c;\u5728\u6545\u4e8b\u3001\u8c1a\u8bed\u3001\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e2d\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u53e3\u5934\u4f20\u7edf\u4f7f\u610f\u4e49\u4fdd\u6301\u6d41\u52a8\u6027&#xff0c;\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u4e0b\u60c5\u5883\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>33.2 \u201c\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u201d&#xff08;Ubuntu&#xff09;\u662f\u975e\u6d32\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u6e90\u81ea\u73ed\u56fe\u8bed\u65cf&#xff0c;\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u4eba\u9053\u201d\u6216\u201c\u4eba\u6027\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8868\u8ff0\u662f&#xff1a;\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4eba&#xff0c;\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u201d&#xff08;A person is a person through other persons.&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8ff0\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u5b58\u5728<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u63ed\u793a&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u5728\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1b;\u6211\u6070\u6070\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u201c\u6210\u4e3a\u201d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed6\u4eba&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u6211\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u6210\u957f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f62\u6210\u6839\u672c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e2a\u4f53\u662f\u5148\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u540e\u52a0\u7684&#xff1b;\u5728\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u5148\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e2a\u4f53\u662f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6bd4&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u5373\u5171\u5728<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63ed\u793a&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u5373\u5171\u5728&#xff08;being-with&#xff09;\u3002\u6211\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5171\u5728&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u9644\u52a0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u201c\u5171\u5728\u201d&#xff08;Mitsein&#xff09;\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u547c\u5e94\u2014\u2014\u6b64\u5728\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u603b\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5171\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u6bd4\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u66f4\u5f7b\u5e95&#xff1a;\u5728\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u770b\u6765&#xff0c;\u5171\u5728\u4e0d\u662f\u6b64\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6839\u672c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5148\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5171\u5728&#xff1b;\u800c\u662f\u6211\u5728\u5171\u5728\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u5171\u5728\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u8fd8\u63ed\u793a&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u5373\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u4ed6\u4eba\u8d1f\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d23\u4efb\u4e0d\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u540e\u52a0\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u539f\u521d\u7684\u3002\u4f24\u5bb3\u4ed6\u4eba&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u4f24\u5bb3\u81ea\u5df1&#xff1b;\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eba&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5217\u7ef4\u7eb3\u65af\u7684\u201c\u4ed6\u8005\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u201d\u4e0e\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u547c\u5e94\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u54f2\u5b66&#xff0c;\u5148\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u4f46\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u6bd4\u5217\u7ef4\u7eb3\u65af\u66f4\u5f3a\u8c03\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e92\u60e0\u6027\u2014\u2014\u8d23\u4efb\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u5411\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u7684&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>33.3 \u5173\u7cfb\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff1a;\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6d32\u4f20\u7edf\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f62\u6001\u2014\u2014\u201c\u5173\u7cfb\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6df1\u5904&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u4eba\u4e0e\u7956\u5148\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5171\u5904\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d\u3001\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u201c\u795e\u5723\u201d\u5f62\u6210\u5bf9\u7167\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u662f\u5185\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u795e\u5723\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684&#xff0c;\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u5c45\u95f4\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u660e\u7167\u4eae\u4e86\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7956\u5148\u7684\u5728\u573a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7956\u5148\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5728\u573a\u201d\u7684&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6b7b\u8005\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u7075\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u3002\u7956\u5148\u7ee7\u7eed\u53c2\u4e0e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3001\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8b66\u793a\u3001\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u795d\u798f&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7956\u5148\u7684\u5728\u573a\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u6301\u7eed\u5728\u573a&#xff1b;\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u5c1a\u672a\u5230\u6765\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65f6\u95f4\u89c2&#xff0c;\u4e0eDOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eea\u5f0f\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eea\u5f0f\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4eea\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4e2a\u4f53\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u5171\u540c\u4f53&#xff0c;\u5f53\u4e0b\u88ab\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4f20\u7edf&#xff0c;\u4e16\u4fd7\u88ab\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u795e\u5723\u3002\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u573a\u57df\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e2a\u4f53\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5c5e\u4e8e\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6574\u4f53&#xff0c;\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u7956\u5148\u3001\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u3001\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u76f8\u8fde\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>33.4 \u53e3\u8ff0\u4f20\u7edf\u3001\u4eea\u5f0f\u5b9e\u8df5\u3001\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b&#xff1a;\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u751f\u6210\u573a\u57df<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u5728\u53e3\u8ff0\u4f20\u7edf\u3001\u4eea\u5f0f\u5b9e\u8df5\u3001\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u88ab\u751f\u6210\u548c\u4f20\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53e3\u8ff0\u4f20\u7edf<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53e3\u8ff0\u4f20\u7edf\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u573a\u57df\u3002\u6545\u4e8b\u88ab\u8bb2\u8ff0\u3001\u88ab\u503e\u542c\u3001\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u8bb2\u8ff0\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u8bb2\u8ff0\u90fd\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3002\u8bb2\u8ff0\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u4e0b\u60c5\u5883\u8c03\u6574\u6545\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u503e\u542c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u8eab\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7406\u89e3\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u6545\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u672c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53e3\u8ff0\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u667a\u6167\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u4fdd\u6301\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u3002\u6587\u5b57\u53ef\u80fd\u56fa\u5316\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u53e3\u8ff0\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u4e0b\u60c5\u5883\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d41\u52a8\u6027&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eea\u5f0f\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eea\u5f0f\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u201c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u201c\u505a\u201d\u7684\u3002\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u8eab\u4f53\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u4f53\u6b4c\u5531\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u540c\u996e\u98df&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u201c\u6d3b\u51fa\u201d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eea\u5f0f\u7684\u667a\u6167\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u8fdb\u5165\u8eab\u4f53\u3002\u8eab\u4f53\u8bb0\u4f4f\u7684&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5934\u8111\u8bb0\u4f4f\u7684\u66f4\u6df1\u523b&#xff1b;\u8eab\u4f53\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u8bed\u8a00\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u66f4\u771f\u5b9e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4eea\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u4ec5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u66f4\u88ab\u6d3b\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u843d\u5b9e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u573a\u57df\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u534f\u4f5c\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u8c03\u89e3\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5728\u8282\u65e5\u5e86\u5178\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u53d9\u4e8b\u88ab\u6301\u7eed\u5b9e\u8df5\u3001\u88ab\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u793e\u533a\u4e0d\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u80cc\u666f\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u201c\u4e3b\u4f53\u201d\u2014\u2014\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u793e\u533a&#xff0c;\u7531\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u793e\u533a\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u667a\u6167\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;\u5b83\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u79c1\u6709\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u5171\u4eab\u7684&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>33.5 \u975e\u6d32\u667a\u6167\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u542f\u793a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u542f\u793a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u7684\u5b58\u5728<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4c\u73ed\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66\u63ed\u793a&#xff1a;\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d1e\u89c1\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u529b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6211\u5728\u6545\u6211\u601d\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6545\u6211\u5728\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6211\u56e0\u6211\u4eec\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d1e\u89c1\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec&#xff1a;\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8131\u79bb\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u5916\u5728\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u5171\u540c\u4f53&#xff0c;\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e24\u6781\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eea\u5f0f\u3001\u821e\u8e48\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u4ec5\u88ab\u5934\u8111\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u66f4\u88ab\u8eab\u4f53\u8bb0\u4f4f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d1e\u89c1\u4e0e\u201c\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u8eab\u4f53&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u201c\u6d3b\u201d\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u975e\u7ebf<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7956\u5148\u7684\u5728\u573a\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u6301\u7eed\u5728\u573a&#xff1b;\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u5c1a\u672a\u5230\u6765\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d1e\u89c1\u4e3aDOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5370\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u56db\u7ae0 \u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e&#xff1a;\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4e0e\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>34.1 \u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7cbe\u795e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201c\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u548c\u8c10\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9053\u6cd5\u81ea\u7136<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9053\u5bb6\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u9053\u6cd5\u81ea\u7136\u201d\u2014\u2014\u9053\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u4e3a\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u4eba\u5e94\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u4e3a\u5e08\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u5f81\u670d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5178\u8303&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u5229\u7528\u7684\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5171\u751f\u7684\u4f19\u4f34\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u5ff5\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u65b9\u9762\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9634\u9633\u4e94\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9634\u9633\u4e94\u884c\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u9634\u9633\u662f\u4e92\u8865\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u4e24\u6781\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u5584\u6076&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u4e94\u884c\u662f\u76f8\u751f\u76f8\u514b\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u5143\u7d20&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u52a8\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e4b\u9053<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5112\u5bb6\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u4e2d\u5eb8\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u504f\u4e0d\u501a&#xff0c;\u65e0\u8fc7\u4e0d\u53ca\u3002\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e0d\u662f\u5e73\u5eb8&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6070\u5230\u597d\u5904&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u59a5\u534f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u5ff5\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5f85\u4eba\u63a5\u7269\u7684\u65b9\u65b9\u9762\u9762&#xff0c;\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5904\u4e16\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u667a\u6167\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>34.2 \u5706\u878d\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u610f\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5706\u878d\u201d\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u65b0\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u91cd&#xff1a;\u5706\u6ee1<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u6ee1\u6307\u4e0d\u6b20\u7f3a\u3001\u4e0d\u6b8b\u7f3a\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u5728\u5706\u878d\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u3001\u96f6\u6563\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3001\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u5df2\u7ecf\u7a77\u5c3d\u4e00\u5207&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u522b\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u6ee1\u4e0d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u5706\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e5f\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u5411\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002\u5706\u6ee1\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u201c\u591f\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6700\u591a\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6070\u597d\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u91cd&#xff1a;\u5706\u901a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u901a\u6307\u65e0\u6ede\u788d\u3001\u65e0\u77db\u76fe\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8d2f\u901a\u6027\u3002\u5728\u5706\u878d\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u3001\u5f7c\u6b64\u77db\u76fe\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u8d2f\u901a\u7684\u3001\u5f7c\u6b64\u652f\u6301\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5706\u901a\u4e2d\u548c\u89e3\u3001\u878d\u5408\u3001\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u901a\u4e0d\u662f\u6d88\u9664\u5dee\u5f02&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8d2f\u901a\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u5706\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u70b9\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706&#xff1b;\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u8ddd\u79bb&#xff0c;\u4f46\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5706\u901a\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5dee\u5f02\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u5dee\u5f02\u3001\u8f6c\u5316\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u91cd&#xff1a;\u5706\u6d3b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u6d3b\u6307\u4e0d\u50f5\u5316\u3001\u4e0d\u56fa\u5316\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u547d\u529b\u3002\u5728\u5706\u878d\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u6b7b\u7684\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\u3001\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u5e94\u6311\u6218&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u751f\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u6d3b\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u56fa\u5316\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u6c34\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u6709\u5f62\u72b6&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6&#xff1b;\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d41\u52a8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u6c34\u3002\u5706\u6d3b\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u53d8\u5316\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u81ea\u8eab\u3001\u5728\u6d41\u52a8\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u91cd\u610f\u6db5\u6784\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5706\u878d&#xff1a;\u5706\u6ee1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b8c\u6574\u6027&#xff0c;\u5706\u901a\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d2f\u901a\u6027&#xff0c;\u5706\u6d3b\u63d0\u4f9b\u751f\u547d\u529b\u3002\u4e09\u8005\u5408\u4e00&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>34.3 \u5177\u8eab\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u6839\u57fa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u4e2d\u6307\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u91cd\u6839\u57fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u91cd&#xff1a;\u611f\u77e5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u8fdb\u5165\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u901a\u9053\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u611f\u5b98&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u8fdb\u5165\u610f\u8bc6&#xff1b;\u901a\u8fc7\u611f\u53d7&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u8eab\u4f53\u6ce8\u518c\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u6709\u601d\u60f3\u7136\u540e\u6709\u611f\u53d7&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u611f\u53d7\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u611f\u800c\u9042\u901a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u901a\u8fc7\u611f\u53d7\u901a\u8fbe\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6982\u5ff5\u53bb\u201c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u201d\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7528\u8eab\u4f53\u53bb\u201c\u611f\u53d7\u201d\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u611f\u53d7\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u89c2\u7684\u3001\u968f\u610f\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u3001\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5728\u611f\u53d7\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u672c\u6765\u9762\u76ee\u76f4\u63a5\u5448\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u91cd&#xff1a;\u60c5\u611f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u611f\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u5316\u3002\u611f\u53d7\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u3001\u77ac\u95f4\u7684&#xff0c;\u60c5\u611f\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u3001\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u60c5\u611f&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u201c\u8bb0\u4f4f\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5934\u8111\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u60c5\u201d\u7684\u672c\u6e90\u6027\u3002\u300a\u793c\u8bb0\u300b\u8bf4\u201c\u4f55\u8c13\u4eba\u60c5&#xff1f;\u559c\u3001\u6012\u3001\u54c0\u3001\u60e7\u3001\u7231\u3001\u6076\u3001\u6b32&#xff0c;\u4e03\u8005\u5f17\u5b66\u800c\u80fd\u201d\u2014\u2014\u60c5\u611f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b66\u6765\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5929\u751f\u7684\u3002\u60c5\u611f\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u53cd\u5e94&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u539f\u521d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u91cd&#xff1a;\u884c\u52a8<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u8eab\u4f53\u5411\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u884c\u52a8&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u5916\u5728\u5316&#xff0c;\u88ab\u843d\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u88ab\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u884c\u52a8\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u601d\u60f3\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u77e5\u884c\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u3002\u77e5\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0e\u884c\u5206\u79bb\u7684&#xff0c;\u77e5\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u884c\u7684\u5f00\u7aef&#xff1b;\u884c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u77e5\u7684\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u884c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u77e5\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u6f5c\u5728\u53d8\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u4ece\u5185\u5728\u53d8\u4e3a\u5916\u5728&#xff0c;\u4ece\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d8\u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u91cd\u6839\u57fa\u6784\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5177\u8eab&#xff1a;\u611f\u77e5\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8fdb\u5165&#xff0c;\u60c5\u611f\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6df1\u5316&#xff0c;\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u4e09\u8005\u5408\u4e00&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u8089\u8eab\u5316\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u5230\u8eab\u4f53&#xff0c;\u4ece\u6e90\u5934\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>34.4 \u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u5706\u878d\u4e0e\u5177\u8eab\u7ed3\u5408&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u5373\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u542b\u56db\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u662f\u7a7a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u65e0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u4e49\u5f97\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u5426\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u7a7a\u6027\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u6e90\u5934\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u73b0\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u662f\u5706\u878d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u663e\u73b0\u4e3a\u5706\u878d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u5706\u6ee1\u3001\u5706\u901a\u3001\u5706\u6d3b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3001\u8d2f\u901a\u7684\u3001\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u662f\u5177\u8eab<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u843d\u5b9e\u2014\u2014\u5728\u611f\u77e5\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u60c5\u611f\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u3002\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5bb9\u5668&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u8005&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u751f\u6210\u8005\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u901a\u8fc7\u8eab\u4f53\u201c\u6d3b\u201d\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u8eab\u4f53\u201c\u5728\u201d\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5f52\u5bbf\u662f\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u6700\u7ec8\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u7a7a\u6027\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u6e90\u5934\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u79bb\u5f00\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u56de\u5230\u4e16\u754c&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u73b0\u8c61&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8f6c\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u201d\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5c31\u662f\u201d\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>34.5 \u201c\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u83b7\u5f97\u65b0\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5929&#xff1a;\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5929\u201d\u5728\u4e2d\u534e\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u91cd\u610f\u6db5\u2014\u2014\u81ea\u7136\u4e4b\u5929\u3001\u4e3b\u5bb0\u4e4b\u5929\u3001\u4e49\u7406\u4e4b\u5929\u3002\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u201c\u5929\u201d\u6307\u5411\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u4e49\u5f97\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u5929\u4e0d\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8005&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6761\u4ef6&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u201c\u6709\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u201c\u6709\u201d\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba&#xff1a;\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4eba\u201d\u6307\u5411\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u201c\u4e3b\u4f53\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u6b64\u5728\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00&#xff0c;\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5408\u4e00&#xff1a;\u5706\u878d\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u6307\u5411\u5706\u878d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u5929\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684&#xff1b;\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0e\u5177\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u79bb\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u3002\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u5728\u5177\u8eab\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0&#xff0c;\u5177\u8eab\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5408\u4e00\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684\u540c\u4e00&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u51a5\u60f3\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u827a\u672f\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u4fee\u884c\u4e2d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u77ac\u95f4&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u65f6\u523b&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>34.6 \u4e2d\u534e\u667a\u6167\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u542f\u793a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8d44\u6e90&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u7684\u667a\u6167<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5706\u878d\u201d\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u3001\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u3001\u5c01\u95ed\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3001\u8d2f\u901a\u7684\u3001\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u667a\u6167\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ef7\u503c\u5bfc\u5411\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5706\u878d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u4f53\u77e5\u201d\u2014\u2014\u901a\u8fc7\u8eab\u4f53\u53bb\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u5934\u8111\u53bb\u201c\u7406\u89e3\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7528\u8eab\u4f53\u53bb\u201c\u4f53\u8bc1\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5bf9\u5177\u8eab\u6027\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u8eab\u4f53&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u201c\u6d3b\u201d\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u5883\u754c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5929\u4eba\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u5883\u754c\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u79bb\u5f00\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u56de\u5230\u4e16\u754c&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u73b0\u8c61&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8f6c\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5883\u754c\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u6307\u5411\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u5373\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5728\u5177\u8eab\u4e2d\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5eb8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4e2d\u5eb8\u201d\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u504f\u4e0d\u501a&#xff0c;\u65e0\u8fc7\u4e0d\u53ca\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u667a\u6167\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6307\u5bfc\u2014\u2014\u5728\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861&#xff0c;\u5728\u521b\u65b0\u4e0e\u517b\u62a4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5bfb\u6c42\u4e2d\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0 \u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba&#xff1a;\u6bd4\u8f83\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u65b0\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>35.1 \u4ece\u201c\u6bd4\u8f83\u201d\u5230\u201c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u54f2\u5b66\u5f80\u5f80\u91c7\u53d6\u201c\u5e76\u7f6e\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u660e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5e76\u7f6e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f02\u540c\u3001\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f18\u52a3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5176\u4ef7\u503c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u5c40\u9650&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee5\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u660e\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u660e<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u5ffd\u7565\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5176\u539f\u521d\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u751f\u547d<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u53ef\u4f9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u7279\u5f81<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5021\u5bfc\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u8def\u5f84&#xff1a;\u4ece\u201c\u6bd4\u8f83\u201d\u8d70\u5411\u201c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e0d\u662f\u5e76\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u9047\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u660e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u6bd4\u8f83&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u771f\u6b63\u201c\u76f8\u9047\u201d\u2014\u2014\u76f8\u4e92\u63d0\u95ee\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u503e\u542c\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8bc4\u5224\u8c01\u66f4\u6b63\u786e&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f20\u7edf\u90fd\u88ab\u7167\u4eae\u3001\u88ab\u6df1\u5316\u3001\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6761\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u9700\u8981\u6761\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5e73\u7b49&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u8bdd\u53cc\u65b9\u5fc5\u987b\u76f8\u4e92\u627f\u8ba4\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u4ef7\u503c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5df1\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u8861\u91cf\u4ed6\u8005<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5f00\u653e&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u8bdd\u53cc\u65b9\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e&#xff0c;\u613f\u610f\u88ab\u5bf9\u65b9\u89e6\u52a8\u3001\u6539\u53d8<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u771f\u8bda&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u8bdd\u53cc\u65b9\u5fc5\u987b\u771f\u8bda\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u63a9\u9970\u3001\u4e0d\u56de\u907f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8010\u5fc3&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u8bdd\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u6025\u4e8e\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6210\u679c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6210\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fbe\u6210\u201c\u5171\u8bc6\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6df1\u5316\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f20\u7edf\u90fd\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u2014\u2014\u5728\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u770b\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u672a\u66fe\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff1b;\u5728\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u63d0\u95ee\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u672a\u66fe\u601d\u8003\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>35.2 \u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u5171\u540c\u57fa\u7840<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u4e3a\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u5171\u540c\u57fa\u7840&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u660e\u7684\u4ea7\u7269&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u6709\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4ec0\u4e48\u6587\u660e\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u4ee3\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u6587\u5316&#xff0c;\u4eba\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u9886\u57df\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u6210\u5f62\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u539f\u521d\u9886\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u666e\u904d\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u6210\u4e3a\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u660e\u4e2d\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u88ab\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u660e\u5c06\u5176\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u795e\u5723\u201d&#xff0c;\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u5c06\u5176\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d&#xff0c;\u975e\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u5c06\u5176\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u5173\u7cfb\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u5c06\u5176\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u9053\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u5426\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u8865\u5145\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u7167\u4eae\u4e86\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u672c\u8eab\u5177\u6709\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6027\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u76f8\u4e92\u78b0\u649e\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u6fc0\u53d1\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u5316\u3002\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u7684\u201c\u795e\u5723\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f5b\u6559\u5f92\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027&#xff0c;\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u201c\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u5112\u5bb6\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u4ec1\u201d\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u76f8\u4e92\u7167\u4eae&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>35.3 \u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u524d\u6587\u7684\u5206\u6790&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u539f\u5219&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60ac\u7f6e\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6&#xff0c;\u60ac\u7f6e\u5bf9\u5bf9\u65b9\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u4e0d\u6025\u4e8e\u8bc4\u5224\u5bf9\u9519\u4f18\u52a3&#xff0c;\u5148\u52aa\u529b\u7406\u89e3\u5bf9\u65b9\u5728\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\u3001\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4ed6\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u60ac\u7f6e\u5224\u65ad\u4e0d\u662f\u653e\u5f03\u5224\u65ad&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u63a8\u8fdf\u5224\u65ad\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u7406\u89e3\u5148\u884c&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u8bc4\u5224\u540e\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6df1\u5165\u8bed\u5883<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u601d\u60f3&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u751f\u957f\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u4e60\u60ef\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684\u201c\u80cc\u666f\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5185\u5728\u6784\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u79bb\u5f00\u8bed\u5883&#xff0c;\u601d\u60f3\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8bef\u89e3\u3001\u88ab\u7b80\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bfb\u627e\u5171\u9e23<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u5171\u9e23\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u201c\u76f8\u540c\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u201c\u76f8\u901a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53d1\u73b0\u5171\u540c\u5173\u5207\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff1b;\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u53d1\u73b0\u5171\u540c\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u5171\u9e23\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u547c\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u53d7\u8f6c\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8bdd\u53ef\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u80fd\u89e6\u52a8\u6211\u4eec&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u63d0\u95ee\u53ef\u80fd\u6311\u6218\u6211\u4eec&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u53ef\u80fd\u6df1\u5316\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6c\u5316&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u80cc\u53db\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f20\u7edf&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u66f4\u6df1\u5730\u8fdb\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u770b\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u672a\u66fe\u770b\u5230\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u5f52\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6700\u7ec8\u8981\u56de\u5f52\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u800c\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u751f\u6d3b\u800c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6210\u679c&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u88ab\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u843d\u5b9e\u3001\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>35.4 \u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5bf9\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u6df1\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u201c\u5e94\u7528\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u201c\u6df1\u5316\u201d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u672c\u8eab\u88ab\u6df1\u5316\u3001\u88ab\u4e30\u5bcc\u3001\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6df1\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5316\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u201c\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027\u201d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5185\u5728\u7684\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u7ed9\u4e88\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u66f4\u5145\u5206\u5730\u8003\u8651\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u56de\u5230\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u8d4b\u4e88\u8bba\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u201d\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u5bb9\u7eb3\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6df1\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5316\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4f7f\u610f\u4e49\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6761\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u4fee\u884c\u6240\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5c06\u7a7a\u6027\u4ece\u201c\u7406\u8bba\u6982\u5ff5\u201d\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u5b9e\u8df5\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u57f9\u517b\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u7a7a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6d32\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6df1\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u975e\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5316\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u201c\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u201d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u573a\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5c06\u201c\u5173\u7cfb\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411\u201d\u4ece\u54f2\u5b66\u547d\u9898\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u751f\u6d3b\u5b9e\u8df5\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4fee\u884c&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u80af\u5b9a\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6df1\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5316\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u201c\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5934\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5c06\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u201d\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4fee\u884c\u8def\u5f84\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>35.5 \u8d70\u5411\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u6307\u5411&#xff0c;\u662f\u201c\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u54f2\u5b66\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u660e\u7684\u54f2\u5b66&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6587\u660e\u5171\u540c\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u521b\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u65b0\u5f62\u6001<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0d\u662f\u73b0\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u7efc\u5408\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u65b0\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u518d\u4ee5\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u660e\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u6587\u660e\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u90fd\u88ab\u542c\u89c1&#xff1b;\u5b83\u4e0d\u518d\u8ffd\u6c42\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u771f\u7406&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bb9\u7eb3\u591a\u5143\u7684\u667a\u6167&#xff1b;\u5b83\u4e0d\u518d\u5c01\u95ed\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5411\u672a\u6765\u5f00\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u667a\u6167\u7684\u65b0\u7efc\u5408<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u54f2\u5b66\u5bfb\u6c42\u667a\u6167\u7684\u65b0\u7efc\u5408\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u673a\u68b0\u7684\u62fc\u51d1&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6709\u673a\u7684\u878d\u5408&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u53d6\u6d88\u5dee\u5f02&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8d2f\u901a\u5dee\u5f02&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u56de\u5230\u8fc7\u53bb&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8d70\u5411\u672a\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7efc\u5408&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5728\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u9010\u6e10\u751f\u6210\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u89c9<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u54f2\u5b66\u6700\u7ec8\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u89c9\u3002\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u9769\u547d\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u4eba\u7c7b\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u6765&#xff0c;\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u53bb&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u80fd\u7531\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u6587\u660e\u63d0\u4f9b&#xff0c;\u800c\u9700\u8981\u6240\u6709\u6587\u660e\u5171\u540c\u521b\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u613f\u610f\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u521b\u9020\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u7ec8\u70b9&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8d77\u70b9&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u7b54\u6848&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ffd\u95ee&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5c06\u4e0d\u65ad\u88ab\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u6df1\u5316\u3001\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u50cf\u610f\u4e49\u672c\u8eab&#xff0c;\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u8def\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u516b\u5377 \u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b58\u6709\u8bba\u65f6\u523b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u516d\u7ae0 \u5426\u5b9a\u4e4b\u8def&#xff1a;\u6f84\u6e05\u8bef\u89e3<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>36.1 \u8bef\u89e3\u4e00&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u662f\u4e3b\u89c2\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u662f\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5f52\u5165\u4e3b\u89c2\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u628a\u610f\u4e49\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u201c\u4e3b\u89c2\u201d\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6f84\u6e05<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u4e0e\u4e3b\u89c2\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u6839\u672c\u533a\u522b\u3002\u4e3b\u89c2\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u201c\u8d4b\u4e88\u201d\u5ba2\u4f53\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5ba2\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\u65e0\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u6765\u81ea\u4e3b\u4f53\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u6070\u6070\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e2d\u6784\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u906d\u9047\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u5ba2\u4f53\u2014\u2014\u4e3b\u4f53\u548c\u5ba2\u4f53\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u65e2\u4e0d\u5728\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5728\u5ba2\u4f53\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u201c\u4e4b\u95f4\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7ef4\u5ea6 \u4e3b\u89c2\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49 \u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u6765\u6e90 \u4e3b\u4f53\u8d4b\u4e88 \u884c\u4e3a\u6d8c\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u72b6\u6001 \u4e2d\u6027\u3001\u65e0\u610f\u4e49 \u539f\u521d\u663e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u4f53\u5730\u4f4d \u610f\u4e49\u521b\u9020\u8005 \u610f\u4e49\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u4f53\u5730\u4f4d \u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7\u8005 \u4e3b\u52a8\u663e\u73b0\u8005<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>36.2 \u8bef\u89e3\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u8bef\u89e3\u662f\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5f52\u5165\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u5426\u8ba4\u4efb\u4f55\u666e\u904d\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u8ba4\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u3001\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6f84\u6e05<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u627f\u8ba4\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u5883\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u56e0\u6b64\u9677\u5165\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u867d\u7136\u662f\u591a\u5143\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6210\u53d7\u5ba2\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7ea6\u675f&#xff0c;\u53d7\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5851\u9020&#xff0c;\u53d7\u5386\u53f2\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5224\u65ad\u610f\u4e49\u201c\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u201d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u2014\u2014\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5426\u201c\u771f\u5b9e\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u67d0\u79cd\u5916\u90e8\u6807\u51c6&#xff0c;\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u5728\u81ea\u611f\u754c\u9762\u88ab\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u6ce8\u518c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u89c2\u7684\u2014\u2014\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u867d\u7136\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u88ab\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7ef4\u5ea6 \u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49 \u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u72b6\u6001 \u4efb\u610f\u3001\u65e0\u6807\u51c6 \u591a\u5143\u4f46\u6709\u6807\u51c6<\/p>\n<p>\u5224\u65ad\u4f9d\u636e \u65e0\u666e\u904d\u6807\u51c6 \u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u7406\u89c2 \u65e0\u771f\u7406 \u591a\u5143\u771f\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u8df5\u6001\u5ea6 \u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u884c \u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u9009\u62e9<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>36.3 \u8bef\u89e3\u4e09&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5426\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5426\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6f84\u6e05<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u6e90\u5934\u201d&#xff08;\u5982\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\u6240\u4e3b\u5f20&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u8868\u8fbe\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u8ba9\u5728\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u83b7\u5f97\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8868\u8fbe\u3001\u88ab\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u88ab\u4f20\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u53cc\u91cd\u7684&#xff1a;\u4e00\u65b9\u9762&#xff0c;\u5b83\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u79c1\u4eba\u9886\u57df\u8fdb\u5165\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df&#xff0c;\u4ece\u4e2a\u4f53\u4f53\u9a8c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u9057\u4ea7&#xff1b;\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u56fa\u5316\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u53d8\u6210\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53d8\u6210\u65e2\u6210\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8868\u8fbe&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8b66\u60d5\u2014\u2014\u65f6\u523b\u8bb0\u5f97&#xff0c;\u8bed\u8a00\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u4ee5\u624b\u6307\u6708\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u6708\u4eae\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8868\u8fbe<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8bed\u8a00\u8ba9\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u83b7\u5f97\u5f62\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8bed\u8a00\u4f7f\u610f\u4e49\u53ef\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u53ef\u4f20\u627f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8bed\u8a00\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u56fa\u5316\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u4e0d\u65ad\u89e3\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>36.4 \u8bef\u89e3\u56db&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5ffd\u89c6\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u610f\u8bc6&#xff0c;\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6f84\u6e05<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7eb3\u5165\u201c\u5ba2\u89c2&#xff08;O&#xff09;\u201d\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u6587\u5316\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662fO\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u5851\u9020\u3001\u5bf9\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u5bf9\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7ea6\u675f&#xff0c;\u90fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u540c\u65f6\u5f3a\u8c03&#xff1a;\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u5728\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u94c1\u7b3c\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u88ab\u6301\u7eed\u751f\u6210\u3001\u88ab\u4e0d\u65ad\u518d\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u5851\u9020\u4e2a\u4f53&#xff0c;\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e5f\u91cd\u5851\u7ed3\u6784\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fa9\u8bc1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u5411\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u662fO\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u7ed3\u6784\u5851\u9020\u6b32\u671b\u3001\u7ea6\u675f\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u81ea\u611f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u88ab\u6301\u7eed\u518d\u751f\u4ea7<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u52a8\u91cd\u5851\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>36.5 \u8bef\u89e3\u4e94&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u662f\u6280\u672f\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u8bef\u89e3\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u2014\u2014\u8ba4\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6f84\u6e05<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u5bf9\u6280\u672f\u6301\u6e05\u9192\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u5b83\u65e2\u770b\u5230\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\u2014\u2014\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u5177&#xff1b;\u4e5f\u770b\u5230\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u98ce\u9669\u2014\u2014\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b96\u6c11\u3001\u610f\u4e49\u56fa\u5316\u3001\u81ea\u611f\u4e3b\u6743\u4e27\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u4e0d\u662f\u6280\u672f\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6280\u672f\u654c\u6258\u90a6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6280\u672f\u6279\u5224\u8bba\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u6807\u51c6\u2014\u2014\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u5065\u5eb7\u7684&#xff1f;\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u6709\u5bb3\u7684&#xff1f;\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u539f\u5219\u2014\u2014\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u3001\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u3001\u7a7a\u6027\u517b\u62a4\u2014\u2014\u6765\u89c4\u8303\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6280\u672f\u6001\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u627f\u8ba4\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6f5c\u529b&#xff1a;\u65b0\u53ef\u80fd\u3001\u65b0\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u65b0\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8b66\u60d5\u6280\u672f\u7684\u98ce\u9669&#xff1a;\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b96\u6c11\u3001\u610f\u4e49\u56fa\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u63d0\u4f9b\u89c4\u8303\u539f\u5219&#xff1a;\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u3001\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u3001\u7a7a\u6027\u517b\u62a4<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e3b\u5f20\u6280\u672f\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u610f\u4e49\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u7ae0 \u5706\u878d\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u610f\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>37.1 \u5706\u878d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u72b6\u6001&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5f62\u6001<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u5706\u878d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5f62\u6001\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u8fbe\u5230\u5706\u6ee1\u3001\u5706\u901a\u3001\u5706\u6d3b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u6ee1&#xff1a;\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u6ee1\u6307\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u6b8b\u7f3a\u7684\u3001\u7247\u6bb5\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3001\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5f53\u4e0b\u8db3\u591f\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u522b\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5706\u6ee1\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u81ea\u8db3\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5916\u5728\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u6765\u786e\u8ba4&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6765\u8865\u5145\u3002\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u591f\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u6735\u82b1&#xff0c;\u5b83\u7684\u7f8e\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7f8e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u901a&#xff1a;\u8d2f\u901a\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u901a\u6307\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8d2f\u901a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u3001\u51b2\u7a81\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8d2f\u901a\u7684\u3001\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u89e3&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5706\u901a\u4e2d\u548c\u89e3\u3001\u878d\u5408\u3001\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5706\u901a\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5305\u5bb9\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u6392\u65a5\u5dee\u5f02&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8d2f\u901a\u5dee\u5f02&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u6d88\u9664\u77db\u76fe&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8f6c\u5316\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u592a\u6781\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u9634\u9633\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684&#xff1b;\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u5426\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u6d3b&#xff1a;\u751f\u547d\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u6d3b\u6307\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u547d\u529b\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u3001\u56fa\u5316\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u3001\u751f\u957f\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u5e94\u6311\u6218&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5706\u6d3b\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u201c\u6210\u54c1\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u751f\u6210\u7684\u201c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u201d&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u201c\u4f53\u7cfb\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u201c\u751f\u547d\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u50cf\u4e00\u68f5\u6811\u2014\u2014\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u5e72&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u65ad\u751f\u957f\u7684\u65b0\u679d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>37.2 \u5706\u878d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6c38\u6052\u751f\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5706\u878d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6c38\u6052\u751f\u6210\u2014\u2014\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u8d70\u5411\u5706\u6ee1\u3001\u5706\u901a\u3001\u5706\u6d3b&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6c38\u8fdc\u7684\u672a\u5b8c\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u610f\u4e49\u6c38\u8fdc\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u7f3a\u9677&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u672c\u8d28\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u5982\u679c\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u4e86&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6b7b\u4e86\u3002\u6d3b\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684&#xff1b;\u5b83\u603b\u662f\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u603b\u662f\u5411\u672a\u6765\u5f00\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u6027&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6027\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u4e86&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u201c\u7a7a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u7834\u9664\u6267\u7740&#xff0c;\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u56de\u5f52\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u5706\u878d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u751f\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u610f\u4e49\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u751f\u6210\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u751f\u6210\u7684&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u88ab\u521b\u9020\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u65b0\u7684\u906d\u9047&#xff0c;\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u65e7\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u4e0eDOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u751f\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u6301\u7eed\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5faa\u73af&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u6210&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u90fd\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u56de\u5f52<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u610f\u4e49\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u56de\u5f52\u2014\u2014\u56de\u5f52\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u56de\u5f52\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u56de\u5f52\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u79bb\u5f00\u4e16\u754c\u56de\u5f52&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u56de\u5f52&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u73b0\u8c61\u56de\u5f52&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u73b0\u8c61\u4e2d\u56de\u5f52\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u56de\u5f52&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u609f\u7a7a-\u53f8\u7a7a\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u609f\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u56de\u5f52&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u53f8\u7a7a&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u56de\u5f52\u4e0e\u843d\u5b9e\u7684\u5faa\u73af&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u547d\u8282\u594f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>37.3 \u5706\u878d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5883\u754c&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u6307\u5411<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5883\u754c&#xff0c;\u5706\u878d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u6307\u5411\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u8ffd\u6c42\u6700\u7ec8\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5883\u754c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u5706\u878d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5706\u6ee1\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u201c\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u8ffd\u95ee\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b58\u5728\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u5bfb\u627e\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5883\u754c&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u201c\u8bd7\u610f\u6816\u5c45\u201d\u76f8\u901a\u3002\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u4f7f\u7528\u201d\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6816\u5c45\u201d\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u8d4b\u4e88\u201d\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u53d1\u73b0\u201d\u610f\u4e49\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5bb6\u56ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u5883\u754c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4fee\u884c\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u5706\u878d\u662f\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u6210\u719f\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5fc3\u7075\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u6b32\u671b\u9a71\u4f7f&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u6267\u8457\u675f\u7f1a&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u6050\u60e7\u56f0\u6270\u3002\u5fc3\u7075\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5b81\u9759\u3001\u6e05\u660e\u2014\u2014\u80fd\u591f\u5982\u5b9e\u89c2\u7167\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u80fd\u591f\u6070\u5f53\u56de\u5e94\u4e07\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5883\u754c&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u7985\u5b97\u7684\u201c\u5e73\u5e38\u5fc3\u662f\u9053\u201d\u76f8\u901a\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u79bb\u5f00\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u53e6\u5bfb\u5883\u754c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u5883\u754c&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u5e73\u5e38\u5fc3\u53e6\u6c42\u5723\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u5e73\u5e38\u5fc3\u6210\u4e3a\u5723\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5883\u754c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u5706\u878d\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u667a\u6167\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u201c\u77e5\u65f6\u77e5\u91cf\u201d\u2014\u2014\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u6c89\u9ed8&#xff1b;\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u8fdb&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u9000&#xff1b;\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u6267\u7740&#xff0c;\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8be5\u653e\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5883\u754c&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u5eb8\u201d\u76f8\u901a\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u5e73\u5eb8&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6070\u5230\u597d\u5904&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u59a5\u534f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5e73\u8861&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u539f\u5219&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7075\u6d3b\u8fd0\u7528\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u516b\u7ae0 \u5177\u8eab\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u6839\u57fa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>38.1 \u611f\u77e5&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u8fdb\u5165\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u901a\u9053<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u8fdb\u5165\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u901a\u9053\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u611f\u5b98&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u8fdb\u5165\u610f\u8bc6&#xff1b;\u901a\u8fc7\u611f\u53d7&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u8eab\u4f53\u6ce8\u518c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u3002\u6211\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u6735\u82b1&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u770b\u5230\u201c\u989c\u8272\u201d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u63a8\u65ad\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u82b1\u201d&#xff1b;\u6211\u76f4\u63a5\u201c\u770b\u5230\u82b1\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76f4\u63a5\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u611f\u77e5\u6210\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u8fdb\u5165\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u539f\u521d\u5165\u53e3\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u5177\u8eab\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u662f\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d3b\u52a8&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8eab\u4f53\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002\u6211\u7528\u773c\u775b\u770b&#xff0c;\u7528\u8033\u6735\u542c&#xff0c;\u7528\u76ae\u80a4\u89e6\u3002\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0d\u662f\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u7528\u8eab\u4f53\u611f\u77e5&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6211\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u5728\u611f\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u7ecf\u5177\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6211\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u6735\u82b1&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u770b\u5230\u201d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u82b1\u662f\u7f8e\u7684\u3001\u662f\u53ef\u7231\u7684\u3001\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u6b23\u8d4f\u7684\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u9644\u52a0\u5728\u611f\u77e5\u4e4b\u540e\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5185\u5728\u4e8e\u611f\u77e5\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>38.2 \u60c5\u611f&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u611f\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u5316\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u60c5\u611f&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u201c\u8bb0\u4f4f\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5934\u8111\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u672c\u6e90\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u611f\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u201c\u53cd\u5e94\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u201c\u539f\u521d\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d\u3002\u6211\u6124\u6012&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u5148\u6709\u201c\u4e0d\u516c\u201d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u6211\u201c\u53cd\u5e94\u201d\u6124\u6012&#xff1b;\u6211\u662f\u5728\u6124\u6012\u4e2d\u201c\u53d1\u73b0\u201d\u4e0d\u516c\u3002\u60c5\u611f\u63ed\u793a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u60c5\u611f\u65f6\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u611f\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u50cf\u611f\u77e5\u90a3\u6837\u77ac\u95f4\u5373\u901d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u7231\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u4e00\u751f&#xff0c;\u6068\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u4e00\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u60c5\u611f\u6210\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u201c\u6c89\u6dc0\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u901a\u8fc7\u60c5\u611f\u88ab\u8eab\u4f53\u201c\u8bb0\u4f4f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u611f\u6709\u6df1\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u611f\u662f\u6d45\u5c42\u7684\u3001\u8f6c\u77ac\u5373\u901d\u7684&#xff0c;\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u611f\u662f\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u89e6\u53ca\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6838\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u5851\u9020\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u8ba4\u540c&#xff0c;\u5f71\u54cd\u751f\u547d\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6df1\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u60c5\u611f\u6210\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u201c\u624e\u6839\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>38.3 \u884c\u52a8&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u8eab\u4f53\u5411\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u8eab\u4f53\u5411\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u884c\u52a8&#xff0c;\u5185\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u5916\u5728\u5316&#xff0c;\u88ab\u843d\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u88ab\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u52a8\u8868\u8fbe\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6211\u5fae\u7b11\u8868\u8fbe\u53cb\u5584&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f38\u624b\u8868\u8fbe\u5e2e\u52a9&#xff0c;\u6211\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u8fbe\u521b\u9020\u3002\u884c\u52a8\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u5185\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5185\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u611f\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u52a8\u8f6c\u5316\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u884c\u52a8&#xff0c;\u4e16\u754c\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u2014\u2014\u81ea\u7136\u88ab\u6539\u9020&#xff0c;\u793e\u4f1a\u88ab\u91cd\u5851&#xff0c;\u5173\u7cfb\u88ab\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6c\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u201c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u88ab\u201c\u6539\u53d8\u201d\u7684&#xff1b;\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u201c\u7406\u89e3\u201d\u7684&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u88ab\u201c\u5b9e\u73b0\u201d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6784\u6210\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u52a8\u6784\u6210\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u6709\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u201d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u884c\u52a8&#xff1b;\u6211\u662f\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u201c\u6210\u4e3a\u201d\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u9009\u62e9&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u5851\u9020\u6211\u662f\u8c01&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u884c\u52a8&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u6211\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u8c01\u3002\u81ea\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u201c\u4e3b\u4f53\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u201c\u7ed3\u679c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>38.4 \u611f\u77e5\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u7edf\u4e00<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u79bb\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u662f\u5165\u53e3<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u611f\u77e5\u8ba9\u4e16\u754c\u8fdb\u5165\u8eab\u4f53&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u6ce8\u518c\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u611f\u77e5&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5177\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u4e16\u754c\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u201c\u5916\u9762\u201d&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u7684\u201d\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u611f\u662f\u6df1\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u60c5\u611f\u8ba9\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u6df1\u5316\u3001\u88ab\u8bb0\u4f4f\u3001\u88ab\u624e\u6839\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u60c5\u611f&#xff0c;\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u6d45\u5c42\u7684\u3001\u8f6c\u77ac\u5373\u901d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u5b8c\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u52a8\u8ba9\u5185\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u88ab\u5916\u5316\u3001\u88ab\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001\u88ab\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u884c\u52a8&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u505c\u7559\u5728\u201c\u5185\u5728\u201d&#xff0c;\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u6b63\u8fdb\u5165\u4e16\u754c\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u6cd5\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u8005\u5408\u4e00&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5177\u8eab\u3002\u611f\u77e5\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u201c\u8fdb\u5165\u201d&#xff0c;\u60c5\u611f\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u201c\u6c89\u6dc0\u201d&#xff0c;\u884c\u52a8\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u201c\u5b9e\u73b0\u201d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5177\u8eab\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u6765\u5230\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u4ece\u6e90\u5934\u6210\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341\u4e5d\u7ae0 \u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>39.1 \u610f\u4e49\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u524d\u6587\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027\u6e90\u5934<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u662f\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u4e49\u5f97\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u201d\u3002\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u56fa\u5316&#xff0c;\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5706\u878d\u2014\u2014\u5706\u6ee1\u3001\u5706\u901a\u3001\u5706\u6d3b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3001\u8d2f\u901a\u7684\u3001\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u90fd\u662f\u597d\u7684\u610f\u4e49&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u5706\u878d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u624d\u662f\u597d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u8eab\u8f7d\u4f53<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u8f7d\u4f53\u662f\u5177\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u5728\u611f\u77e5\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u60c5\u611f\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u80fd\u60ac\u6d6e\u5728\u7a7a\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u843d\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u5177\u8eab&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u3001\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u201c\u6d3b\u201d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a\u751f\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u5148\u5b58\u5728\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u6784\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u884c\u4e3a&#xff0c;\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u65b0\u751f\u2014\u2014\u53ea\u6709\u91cd\u590d&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u521b\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>39.2 \u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6574\u5408\u8d77\u6765&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u5373\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u6e90\u5934\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3001\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3001\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u843d\u5b9e\u7684\u3001\u4ee5\u5706\u878d\u4e3a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u542b\u4e94\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6e90\u5934&#xff1a;\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6761\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u751f\u6210&#xff1a;\u884c\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u53d1\u751f\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8f7d\u4f53&#xff1a;\u5177\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u573a\u6240<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u72b6\u6001&#xff1a;\u5706\u878d\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5f62\u6001<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6574\u4f53&#xff1a;\u4e8b\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>39.3 \u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4e0eDOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u7edf\u4e00<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4e0eDOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u610f\u4e49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63cf\u8ff0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u751f\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u2014\u2014\u6b32\u671b\u6295\u5c04\u3001\u5ba2\u89c2\u906d\u9047\u3001\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u53d9\u4e8b\u52a0\u5de5\u3001\u9012\u5f52\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\u6c89\u6dc0&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u4e2d\u8fdb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u63cf\u8ff0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u7a7a\u6027\u6e90\u5934\u3001\u5706\u878d\u5f62\u6001\u3001\u5177\u8eab\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u65f6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5f62\u6001&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7edf\u4e00<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u3002DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5faa\u73af&#xff0c;\u90fd\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff1b;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e8b\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4e3a\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u79bb\u5f00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u76ee\u6807&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9010\u6e10\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u8d70\u5411\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab&#xff1b;\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u77ac\u95f4&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>39.4 \u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u76ee\u6807<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7406\u8bba\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u66f4\u662f\u4fee\u884c\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4fee\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9\u751f\u547d\u6210\u4e3a\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u57f9\u517b\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4fdd\u6301\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5f00\u653e&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9\u5b8c\u5168\u5360\u636e<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b9e\u8df5\u5706\u878d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u8ffd\u6c42\u5706\u6ee1\u3001\u5706\u901a\u3001\u5706\u6d3b<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u843d\u5b9e\u5177\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u8fdb\u5165\u8eab\u4f53&#xff0c;\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u751f\u6839&#xff0c;\u4ece\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u6d3b\u51fa<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fee\u884c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec8\u70b9\u2014\u2014\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u8fbe\u5230\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u62e5\u6709\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5929\u3001\u6bcf\u4e00\u523b\u3001\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4fee\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9\u5173\u7cfb\u6210\u4e3a\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u573a\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eba\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u9884\u8bbe&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\u6709\u56fa\u5316\u671f\u5f85<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5b9e\u8df5\u5706\u878d\u2014\u2014\u5305\u5bb9\u5dee\u5f02&#xff0c;\u8d2f\u901a\u77db\u76fe&#xff0c;\u5171\u540c\u751f\u957f<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u843d\u5b9e\u5177\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u76f8\u9047\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4fee\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u4fdd\u6301\u7a7a\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u56fa\u5316&#xff0c;\u53ef\u6539\u9769&#xff0c;\u5411\u672a\u6765\u5f00\u653e<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u8ffd\u6c42\u5706\u878d\u2014\u2014\u5305\u5bb9\u591a\u5143&#xff0c;\u8d2f\u901a\u5dee\u5f02&#xff0c;\u5171\u540c\u8fdb\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u843d\u5b9e\u5177\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u3001\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0 \u4ece\u8ffd\u95ee\u5230\u5706\u878d&#xff1a;\u7406\u8bba\u95ed\u73af\u7684\u5b8c\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>45.1 \u8ffd\u95ee\u7684\u8d77\u70b9<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u662f\u8ffd\u95ee&#xff1a;\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765&#xff1f;\u5f53\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u6210\u770b\u4f3c\u201c\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u5f53\u4e2a\u4f53\u88ab\u56fa\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u7528\u6237\u201d\u201c\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u201d&#xff0c;\u5f53\u4f20\u7edf\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u6d2a\u6d41\u4e2d\u98d8\u6447\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u4f55\u5728&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ffd\u95ee\u4e0d\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u8fa8&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u65f6\u4ee3\u5371\u673a\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5de5\u5177\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5371\u673a\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u56fa\u5316&#xff0c;\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u88ab\u6b96\u6c11&#xff0c;\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>45.2 \u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ffd\u95ee\u7684\u63a2\u7d22&#xff0c;\u8d70\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u8def\u5f84&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5960\u57fa&#xff1a;\u6279\u5224\u610f\u4e49\u8d4b\u4e88\u8bba&#xff0c;\u63d0\u51fa\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba&#xff0c;\u786e\u7acb\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u201d\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5206\u6790&#xff1a;\u5f15\u5165DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u63ed\u793a\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8bed\u8a00\u8bba\u8868\u8fbe&#xff1a;\u8bba\u8bc1\u8bed\u8a00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u7684\u672c\u8d28&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6d1e\u89c1\u843d\u5b9e\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u610f\u8bc6\u8bba\u6df1\u5316&#xff1a;\u63a2\u7a76\u601d\u8003\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u201d\u7684\u201c\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u6027\u201d\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5165\u610f\u8bc6\u53d1\u751f\u9886\u57df<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u8bba\u62d3\u5c55&#xff1a;\u5c06\u7406\u8bba\u62d3\u5c55\u81f3\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;\u63a2\u8ba8\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u6743\u529b\u4e0e\u81ea\u751f\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5143\u673a\u5236\u9610\u91ca&#xff1a;\u63ed\u793a\u201c\u609f\u7a7a\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u53f8\u7a7a\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u5143\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u610f\u6db5<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff1a;\u5728\u4e0e\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u975e\u6d32\u3001\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e0e\u6df1\u5316\u7406\u8bba<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>45.3 \u5706\u878d\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\u662f\u5706\u878d\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u5373\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec8\u70b9\u4e0d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u5706\u878d\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u201c\u5706\u6ee1\u201d\u4e86&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u8d70\u5411\u5706\u6ee1&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u4e86&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u751f\u6210\u3002\u5706\u878d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec8\u70b9&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u65b9\u5411\u2014\u2014\u610f\u4e49\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u5411&#xff0c;\u751f\u547d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u5411&#xff0c;\u6587\u660e\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec8\u70b9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u56de\u5f52\u2014\u2014\u56de\u5f52\u6e90\u5934&#xff0c;\u56de\u5f52\u7a7a\u6027&#xff0c;\u56de\u5f52\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u5706\u878d\u4e0d\u662f\u79bb\u5f00\u4e16\u754c&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u56de\u5230\u4e16\u754c&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u73b0\u8c61&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u8f6c\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u5706\u878d\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8ffd\u95ee\u4e0d\u518d\u5fc5\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u89e3\u51b3&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d88\u878d\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7b54\u6848&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>45.4 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facilitating 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8\u4ee5\u5b9e\u8df5\u667a\u6167\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7406\u5c3a\u89c4\u4f5c\u7ed3\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u7ec8\u4e3a\u6307\u5411\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b9e\u4fee&#xff0c;\u613f\u6b64\u4e5d\u5377\u6240\u5448&#xff0c;\u80fd\u4e3a\u4e00\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6c42\u7d22\u8005&#xff0c;\u70b9\u4eae\u51e0\u76cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7167\u8def\u7684\u706f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u7684\u9080\u8bf7<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9080\u8bf7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9080\u8bf7\u4f60\u2014\u2014\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u7406\u89e3\u201d\u8fd9\u5957\u7406\u8bba&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6d3b\u51fa\u201d\u8fd9\u5957\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u601d\u8003\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u89c9\u5bdf\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c&#xff1b;\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u51b3\u7b56\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5b88\u62a4\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u4e3b\u6743&#xff1b;\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u8df5\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u7684\u667a\u6167&#xff1b;\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8ffd\u6c42\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9080\u8bf7\u4f60\u52a0\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672a\u7adf\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5171\u540c\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u4f60\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u4f60\u7684\u8ffd\u95ee\u3001\u4f60\u7684\u521b\u9020&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9080\u8bf7\u4f60\u56de\u5230\u5bb6\u56ed\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f60\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u66fe\u79bb\u5f00\u3001\u53ea\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u90a3\u91cc&#xff0c;\u8ffd\u95ee\u6d88\u878d&#xff0c;\u5706\u878d\u663e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u90a3\u91cc&#xff0c;\u5b58\u5728\u5373\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u5373\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab&#xff0c;\u884c\u4e3a\u5373\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u90a3\u91cc&#xff0c;\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u6c38\u6052\u65cb\u8f6c&#xff0c;\u8212\u5f20\u4e0e\u5438\u7eb3\u6c38\u6052\u5f8b\u52a8&#xff0c;\u7a7a\u6027\u4e0e\u5177\u8eab\u6c38\u6052\u7edf\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u90a3\u91cc&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed&#xff0c;\u6c38\u8fdc\u5411\u4f60\u655e\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9644\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9644\u5f55\u4e00&#xff1a;\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u8c31\u7cfb<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027&#xff08;Sunyata\/Emptiness&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u7a7a\u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u65e0&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u4e00\u5207\u610f\u4e49\u5f97\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u6027\u573a\u57df\u3002\u7a7a\u6709\u4e09\u91cd\u610f\u6db5&#xff1a;\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u7a7a\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5f97\u4ee5\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u573a\u57df&#xff1b;\u7a7a\u6027\u4e4b\u7a7a\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u7684\u65e0\u81ea\u6027\u6027&#xff1b;\u865a\u7a7a\u4e4b\u7a7a\u2014\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f&#xff08;Meaning as Behavioral Origination&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u6784\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7ea6\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u201c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u547d\u9898\u98a0\u8986\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4e8c\u5143\u9884\u8bbe&#xff0c;\u5c06\u610f\u4e49\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u539f\u521d\u4e92\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a&#xff08;Behavior&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u906d\u9047\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u663e\u73b0\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u884c\u52a8&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u884c\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u610f\u5411\u6027\u3001\u53cd\u601d\u6027\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af&#xff08;DOS Narrative Loop&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6b32\u671b&#xff08;D&#xff09;\u63d0\u4f9b\u610f\u5411\u6027\u5f20\u529b&#xff0c;\u5ba2\u89c2&#xff08;O&#xff09;\u63d0\u4f9b\u62b5\u6297\u6027\u573a\u57df&#xff0c;\u81ea\u611f&#xff08;S&#xff09;\u63d0\u4f9b\u610f\u4e49\u6ce8\u518c\u754c\u9762&#xff0c;\u4e09\u8005\u6784\u6210\u5171\u65f6\u6027\u7ea0\u7f20\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff08;N&#xff09;\u5bf9DOS\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d41\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u6eaf\u6027\u52a0\u5de5&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u6846\u67b6&#xff0c;\u5e76\u9012\u5f52\u5851\u9020\u672a\u6765\u7684DOS\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f&#xff08;Self-Sensing&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u754c\u9762\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u5224\u51c6\u3002\u81ea\u611f\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9aD-O\u4e92\u52a8\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4e8e\u8eab\u5fc3\u5c42\u9762\u5373\u65f6\u3001\u524d\u53cd\u601d\u5730\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5177\u8eab\u6027\u77e5\u6653-\u611f\u53d7\u590d\u5408\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u8bde\u751f\u201d\u65f6\u523b&#xff0c;\u662f\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u201d\u7684\u8ba4\u9886\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff08;Narrative&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5c06\u884c\u4e3a\u7eb3\u5165\u65f6\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u8d4b\u4e88\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u201c\u4e8b\u540e\u8bb0\u5f55\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6784\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u53d9\u4e8b\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u65f6\u6001&#xff1a;\u8fc7\u53bb&#xff08;\u8bb0\u5fc6&#xff09;\u3001\u5f53\u4e0b&#xff08;\u4f53\u9a8c&#xff09;\u3001\u672a\u6765&#xff08;\u60f3\u8c61&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b&#xff08;Pre-narrative&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e2a\u5728\u53d9\u4e8b\u6210\u5f62\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u539f\u521d\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u7f3a\u5931&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u6e90\u5934&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7a7a\u767d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b55\u80b2&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u7f3a\u5e2d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u6700\u539f\u521d\u7684\u7efd\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u5177\u6709\u7a7a\u3001\u52a8\u3001\u4e00\u3001\u6e90\u56db\u79cd\u89c4\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14&#xff08;Inner Director&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u601d\u8003\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u610f\u8c61\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\u3001\u7ec4\u5408\u3001\u521b\u9020\u7684\u80fd\u52a8\u8005\u3002\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e0d\u53d7\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ea6\u675f&#xff0c;\u53ea\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\u8fd0\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u662f\u5185\u5728\u5267\u573a\u7684\u603b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a&#xff08;Wu Kong \/ Awakening to Emptiness&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u4ece\u56fa\u5316\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6323\u8131&#xff0c;\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u5165\u610f\u4e49\u539f\u751f\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u91cd\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;\u60ac\u7f6e&#xff08;\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u6682\u65f6\u6401\u7f6e&#xff09;\u3001\u91cd\u6784&#xff08;\u5728\u7a7a\u6027\u4e2d\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7efc\u5408&#xff09;\u3001\u951a\u5b9a&#xff08;\u5c06\u65b0\u5171\u8bc6\u6c89\u6dc0\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u79e9\u5e8f&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a&#xff08;Si Kong \/ Minister of Works&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u517b\u62a4\u3002\u5b88\u62a4\u610f\u4e49\u539f\u751f\u573a\u57df&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5b58\u5728\u8005\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u53f8\u7a7a\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u91cd\u5fb7\u6027&#xff1a;\u7559\u767d&#xff08;\u4e3a\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u4fdd\u7559\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff09;\u3001\u8fce\u63a5&#xff08;\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u4e0e\u597d\u5ba2&#xff09;\u3001\u5171\u60c5&#xff08;\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8005\u611f\u53d7\u7684\u611f\u901a\u4e0e\u7406\u89e3&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb&#xff08;Double Helix&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u609f\u7a7a\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8212\u5f20&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5438\u7eb3&#xff1b;\u609f\u7a7a\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8f6c\u6362&#xff0c;\u53f8\u7a7a\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u517b\u62a4\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u5982\u540c\u547c\u5438&#xff0c;\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6c38\u6052\u8282\u594f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab&#xff08;Consummate Embodiment&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u610f\u4e49\u4ece\u7a7a\u6027\u6e90\u5934\u6d8c\u73b0&#xff0c;\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u843d\u5b9e&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u5706\u878d&#xff08;\u5706\u6ee1\u3001\u5706\u901a\u3001\u5706\u6d3b&#xff09;\u4e3a\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574&#xff1b;\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5f62\u6001&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743&#xff08;Contextual Sovereignty&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u7fa4\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u610f\u4e49\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u638c\u63a7\u6743\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3b\u6743\u3001\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e3b\u6743\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3b\u6743\u3001\u51b3\u7b56\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u662f\u62b5\u6297\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9632\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u662f\u81ea\u611f\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4fdd\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316&#xff08;White-boxing&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba9\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53d8\u5f97\u900f\u660e\u3001\u53ef\u5ba1\u3001\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u3001\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u3001\u81ea\u611f\u7684\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u3001\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u3002\u767d\u7bb1\u5316\u662f\u5143\u6cbb\u7406\u539f\u5219&#xff0c;\u662f\u4fe1\u4efb\u3001\u95ee\u8d23\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9644\u5f55\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u672f\u8bed\u5bf9\u7167\u8868<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u6587 \u82f1\u6587 \u7b80\u8981\u89e3\u91ca<\/p>\n<p>\u7a7a\u6027 Emptiness \/ Sunyata \u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6e90\u5934<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f Meaning as Behavioral Origination \u610f\u4e49\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5f53\u573a\u6d8c\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u4e3a Behavior \u5b58\u5728\u8005\u76f8\u4e92\u906d\u9047\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u671b Desire DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5143&#xff0c;\u610f\u5411\u6027\u5f20\u529b<\/p>\n<p>\u5ba2\u89c2 Objective DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5143&#xff0c;\u62b5\u6297\u6027\u573a\u57df<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u611f Self-Sensing DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u5143&#xff0c;\u610f\u4e49\u6ce8\u518c\u754c\u9762<\/p>\n<p>\u53d9\u4e8b Narrative \u5bf9DOS\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d41\u7684\u56de\u6eaf\u6027\u52a0\u5de5<\/p>\n<p>DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af DOS Narrative Loop \u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b Pre-narrative \u53d9\u4e8b\u6210\u5f62\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u9886\u57df<\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14 Inner Director \u601d\u8003\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u609f\u7a7a Wu Kong \/ Awakening to Emptiness \u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6d8c\u73b0<\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u7a7a Si Kong \/ Minister of Works \u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u517b\u62a4<\/p>\n<p>\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb Double Helix \u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u8fd0\u52a8<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d Consummation \u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001&#xff1a;\u5706\u6ee1\u3001\u5706\u901a\u3001\u5706\u6d3b<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u8eab Embodiment \u610f\u4e49\u5728\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u843d\u5b9e<\/p>\n<p>\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab Consummate Embodiment \u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743 Contextual Sovereignty \u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u9886\u5730<\/p>\n<p>\u767d\u7bb1\u5316 White-boxing \u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6027\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n<p>\u4ef7\u503c\u539f\u8bed\u5316 Value Primitive-ization \u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u4ef7\u503c\u5230\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u821e\u53f0 Micro-stage \u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u573a\u57df<\/p>\n<p>\u5fae\u5b9e\u8df5 Micro-practice \u5fae\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u52a8<\/p>\n<p>\u5171\u8bc6\u50ac\u5316 Consensus Catalyzing \u5728\u591a\u5143\u4e2d\u5bfb\u6c42\u5171\u540c\u57fa\u7840<\/p>\n<p>\u89c4\u5219\u5165O Rules into O \u89c4\u5219\u7684\u53bb\u795e\u5723\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9644\u5f55\u4e09&#xff1a;\u5f15\u7528\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u6587\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1. \u5c90\u91d1\u5170&#xff08;\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c&#xff09;. \u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411\u2014\u2014\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u6839\u57fa\u518d\u63a2. 2026.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u5c90\u91d1\u5170&#xff08;\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c&#xff09;. \u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u2014\u2014\u8bba\u8bed\u8a00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u7edf\u4e00. 2026.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u5c90\u91d1\u5170&#xff08;\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c&#xff09;. \u5185\u89c2\u7167\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u601d\u8003\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u201c\u524d\u53d9\u4e8b\u6027\u201d\u5b9e\u8df5. 2026.<\/p>\n<p>4. \u8001\u5b50. \u9053\u5fb7\u7ecf.<\/p>\n<p>5. \u5e84\u5b50. \u5e84\u5b50.<\/p>\n<p>6. \u6167\u80fd. \u516d\u7956\u575b\u7ecf.<\/p>\n<p>7. \u6731\u71b9. \u56db\u4e66\u7ae0\u53e5\u96c6\u6ce8.<\/p>\n<p>8. \u738b\u9633\u660e. \u4f20\u4e60\u5f55.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1. Plato. Cratylus.<\/p>\n<p>2. Aristotle. Metaphysics.<\/p>\n<p>3. Descartes, R. Meditations on First Philosophy.<\/p>\n<p>4. Kant, I. Critique of Pure Reason.<\/p>\n<p>5. Hegel, G.W.F. Phenomenology of Spirit.<\/p>\n<p>6. Husserl, E. Logical Investigations.<\/p>\n<p>7. Heidegger, M. Being and Time.<\/p>\n<p>8. Heidegger, M. On the Way to Language.<\/p>\n<p>9. Wittgenstein, L. Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus.<\/p>\n<p>10. Wittgenstein, L. Philosophical Investigations.<\/p>\n<p>11. Austin, J.L. How to Do Things with Words.<\/p>\n<p>12. Searle, J. Speech Acts.<\/p>\n<p>13. Levinas, E. Totality and Infinity.<\/p>\n<p>14. Merleau-Ponty, M. Phenomenology of Perception.<\/p>\n<p>15. Whitehead, A.N. Process and Reality.<\/p>\n<p>16. Bergson, H. Matter and Memory.<\/p>\n<p>17. Gadamer, H.G. Truth and Method.<\/p>\n<p>18. Ricoeur, P. Time and Narrative.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1. The Holy Quran.<\/p>\n<p>2. Al-Ghazali. The Revival of the Religious Sciences.<\/p>\n<p>3. Ibn Arabi. The Bezels of Wisdom.<\/p>\n<p>4. Rumi. Masnavi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1. The Upanishads.<\/p>\n<p>2. The Bhagavad Gita.<\/p>\n<p>3. Nagarjuna. Mulamadhyamakakarika.<\/p>\n<p>4. Shankara. Commentary on the Brahma Sutras.<\/p>\n<p>5. Patanjali. Yoga Sutras.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u6d32\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1. Mbiti, J.S. African Religions and Philosophy.<\/p>\n<p>2. Tutu, D. No Future Without Forgiveness.<\/p>\n<p>3. Ramose, M.B. African Philosophy through Ubuntu.<\/p>\n<p>4. Wiredu, K. Cultural Universals and Particulars.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u9644\u5f55\u56db&#xff1a;\u601d\u60f3\u5e74\u8868<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>202X\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u521d\u6b65\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u609f\u7a7a\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u53f8\u7a7a\u201d\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u6846\u67b6<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a&#xff1a;\u4f53\u7528\u751f\u517b \u77e5\u884c\u5408\u4e00\u300b\u521d\u7a3f<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>202X\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0e\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u54f2\u5b66\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5316\u5bf9\u201c\u8d85\u8d8a\u6027\u201d\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u54f2\u5b66\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5316\u5bf9\u201c\u7a7a\u6027\u201d\u548c\u201c\u65e0\u6211\u201d\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u4e0e\u975e\u6d32\u54f2\u5b66\u5bf9\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5316\u5bf9\u201c\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u609f\u7a7a\u4e0e\u53f8\u7a7a&#xff1a;\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u300b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>202X\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba\u201d&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u6210\u4ece\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u5230\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u7684\u8f6c\u5411<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6784\u5efaDOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u6a21\u578b&#xff0c;\u63ed\u793a\u610f\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u8bed\u5883\u4e3b\u6743\u201d\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u56de\u5e94\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b96\u6c11\u5371\u673a<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u8f6c\u5411\u300b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>202X\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u7406\u8bba&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u843d\u5b9e\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u8bba\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u6f14\u201d\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5165\u610f\u8bc6\u53d1\u751f\u9886\u57df<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u5706\u878d\u5177\u8eab\u201d\u6982\u5ff5&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u6210\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u300b\u300a\u5185\u89c2\u7167\u8bba\u300b<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u6574\u5408\u4e09\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba&#xff1a;\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5960\u57fa\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u91cd\u6784\u300b<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u6765<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u7406\u8bba\u5c06\u63a5\u53d7\u5b9e\u8df5\u68c0\u9a8c&#xff0c;\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u9886\u57df&#xff08;\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u6cbb\u7406\u3001\u6280\u672f\u8bbe\u8ba1&#xff09;\u4e2d\u843d\u5730<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u7406\u8bba\u5c06\u63a5\u53d7\u8de8\u6587\u660e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6df1\u5316&#xff0c;\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u6587\u660e\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u5171\u9e23<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u7406\u8bba\u5c06\u63a5\u53d7\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u6311\u6218&#xff0c;\u5728\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u7406\u8bba\u5c06\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u201c\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u201d\u2014\u2014\u7b49\u5f85\u88ab\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u88ab\u6311\u6218\u3001\u88ab\u8d85\u8d8a<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5168\u4e66\u7ec8<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u610f\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u8bba&#xff1a;\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5960\u57fa\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u91cd\u6784<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005&#xff1a;\u5c90\u91d1\u5170&#xff08;\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u671f&#xff1a;2026\u5e742\u670826\u65e5<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5377\u6570&#xff1a;\u4e5d\u5377<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7ae0\u8282&#xff1a;\u56db\u5341\u4e94\u7ae0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u6570&#xff1a;93399\u5b57<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u2014\u2014\u5168\u6587\u5b8c\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8865\u5f55&#xff1a;\u672f\u8bed\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4fee\u8ba2\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u81ea\u611f&#xff08;S&#xff09;\u201d\u82f1\u6587\u8bd1\u540d\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4e0e\u4fee\u8ba2<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u4e66\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d&#xff08;DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u4e09\u8981\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00&#xff0c;S&#xff09;\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5411\u8bfb\u8005\u4f5c\u4e00\u8bda\u6073\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d&#xff08;\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u5468\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u300a\u81ea\u611f\u4e13\u8bba\u300b\u521d\u7a3f\u4e2d&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u5e94\u8bcd\u662f\u201cself-sense\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u770b\u6765\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u2014\u2014\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u5b57\u9762\u76f4\u8bd1\u5373\u4e3a\u201cself-sense\u201d&#xff0c;\u4e14\u8be5\u8bcd\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u6307\u4ee3\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u611f\u201d\u6216\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c&#xff0c;\u968f\u7740\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5316\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u5ba1\u89c6&#xff0c;\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bd1\u540d\u5b58\u5728\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u504f\u5dee&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u8bef\u5bfc\u8bfb\u8005\u5bf9\u6211\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u5b9a\u7a3f\u4e4b\u9645&#xff0c;\u6211\u90d1\u91cd\u5c06\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u8bd1\u540d\u4fee\u8ba2\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Self-Sensing<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u4fee\u8ba2\u5e76\u975e\u6587\u5b57\u6e38\u620f&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8003\u91cf&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00&#xff0c;\u5c42\u7ea7\u9519\u4f4d&#xff1a;\u201cself-sense\u201d\u6307\u5411\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u800c\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u662f\u673a\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cself-sense\u201d\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u60ef\u4f8b\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u4ee3\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6027\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5185\u5bb9\u2014\u2014\u5373\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u201d&#xff0c;\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3001\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u800c&#xff0c;\u6211\u5728DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d&#xff08;S&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u611f\u89c9\u5185\u5bb9\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u88ab\u5224\u51c6\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u673a\u80fd\/\u754c\u9762\/\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u201d\u3002\u7528\u201cself-sense\u201d\u6765\u7ffb\u8bd1&#xff0c;\u65e0\u5f02\u4e8e\u5c06\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u706f\u5149\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bef\u8bd1\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u88ab\u7167\u4eae\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c&#xff0c;\u52a8\u529b\u51dd\u56fa&#xff1a;\u201cself-sense\u201d\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684&#xff0c;\u800c\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>DOS\u53d9\u4e8b\u73af\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\u6b32\u671b&#xff08;D&#xff09;\u3001\u5ba2\u89c2&#xff08;O&#xff09;\u3001\u81ea\u611f&#xff08;S&#xff09;\u7684\u4e09\u503c\u7ea0\u7f20\u4e0e\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u3002\u201c-sense\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u5316\u7684\u8282\u70b9&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u8bfb\u8005\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4e1c\u897f\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u800c\u201cSelf-Sensing\u201d\u7684\u52a8\u540d\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff08;-ing&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u7cbe\u51c6\u5730\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6301\u7eed\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u673a\u80fd\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u6b63\u5728\u5224\u51c6\u3001\u6b63\u5728\u751f\u6210\u7684&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e0e\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u3001\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u573a\u57df\u540c\u5904\u4e8e\u9c9c\u6d3b\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09&#xff0c;\u7406\u8bba\u8fd8\u539f&#xff1a;\u56de\u5230\u4e2d\u6587\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u7684\u672c\u6765\u610f\u6db5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u61c2\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u4f5c\u8005&#xff0c;\u6211\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u7528\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u751f\u957f\u7684\u3002\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u4e2d\u672c\u5c31\u7cbe\u5999\u2014\u2014\u201c\u611f\u201d\u65e2\u662f\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e5f\u662f\u540d\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u5929\u7136\u8574\u542b\u4e86\u201c\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0e\u673a\u80fd\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u7684\u97f5\u5473\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u8981\u4e3a\u5b83\u5bfb\u627e\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u5e94\u65f6&#xff0c;\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u54ea\u4e2a\u8bcd\u66f4\u6f02\u4eae\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u201c\u54ea\u4e2a\u8bcd\u66f4\u5fe0\u5b9e\u5730\u628a\u4e2d\u6587\u601d\u60f3\u5e26\u8fc7\u53bb\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSelf-Sensing\u201d\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u611f\u201d\u66f4\u5fe0\u5b9e\u7684\u955c\u50cf&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u201c\u81ea\u201d \u2192 \u6307\u660e\u65b9\u5411&#xff1a;\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u6ce8\u518c&#xff0c;\u5411\u5185\u5224\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7 \u201cSensing\u201d \u2192 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