STL（\u6807\u51c6\u6a21\u677f\u5e93）\u4e2d\u7684map\u548cmultimap\u662f\u5173\u8054\u5bb9\u5668，\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u952e\u503c\u5bf9（key-value pairs）\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u6709\u5e8f\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811（\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811）\u5b9e\u73b0，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5143\u7d20\u6309\u952e\u6392\u5e8f\u3002map\u8981\u6c42\u952e\u552f\u4e00，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u53ea\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c；multimap\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u952e\u91cd\u590d，\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u53ef\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u9010\u6b65\u8be6\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u53e3\u5305\u62ec\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u5220\u9664\u548c\u8fed\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7528C++\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528std::map\u6216std::multimap\u5934\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
#include <map>
\n#include <iostream><\/p>\n
int main() {
\n \/\/ \u521b\u5efamap，\u952e\u7c7b\u578bint，\u503c\u7c7b\u578bstd::string
\n std::map<int, std::string> studentMap;<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u521b\u5efamultimap，\u952e\u7c7b\u578bstd::string，\u503c\u7c7b\u578bint
\n std::multimap<std::string, int> courseMultimap;<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f：\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u521d\u59cb\u5316
\n studentMap = {{101, "Alice"}, {102, "Bob"}};
\n courseMultimap.insert({"Math", 90});
\n courseMultimap.insert({"Math", 85}); \/\/ \u952e\u53ef\u91cd\u590d
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ map\u63d2\u5165\u793a\u4f8b
\nstudentMap.insert(std::make_pair(103, "Charlie")); \/\/ \u63d2\u5165\u6210\u529f
\nauto result = studentMap.insert({101, "Alex"}); \/\/ \u952e101\u5df2\u5b58\u5728，\u63d2\u5165\u5931\u8d25<\/p>\n
\/\/ multimap\u63d2\u5165\u793a\u4f8b
\ncourseMultimap.emplace("Science", 95); \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528emplace
\ncourseMultimap.insert({"Science", 88}); \/\/ \u952e\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u63d2\u5165<\/p>\n
\/\/ map\u8bbf\u95ee\u793a\u4f8b
\nstd::cout << studentMap[101]; \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa"Alice"
\nauto it = studentMap.find(104); \/\/ \u672a\u627e\u5230，it == studentMap.end()
\ntry {
\n std::cout << studentMap.at(105); \/\/ \u952e105\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728，\u629b\u51fastd::out_of_range
\n} catch (…) {}<\/p>\n
\/\/ multimap\u8bbf\u95ee\u793a\u4f8b
\nauto range = courseMultimap.equal_range("Math");
\nfor (auto it = range.first; it != range.second; ++it) {
\n std::cout << it->second; \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709"Math"\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5206\u6570
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ map\u5220\u9664\u793a\u4f8b
\nstudentMap.erase(101); \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u952e101
\nauto it = studentMap.find(102);
\nif (it != studentMap.end()) {
\n studentMap.erase(it); \/\/ \u901a\u8fc7\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5220\u9664
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ multimap\u5220\u9664\u793a\u4f8b
\nint count = courseMultimap.erase("Science"); \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709"Science"\u952e，\u8fd4\u56de\u5220\u9664\u6570\u91cf
\ncourseMultimap.clear(); \/\/ \u6e05\u7a7a<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u904d\u5386map\u793a\u4f8b
\nfor (auto it = studentMap.begin(); it != studentMap.end(); ++it) {
\n std::cout << it->first << ": " << it->second << std::endl; \/\/ \u6309\u952e\u6392\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u5927\u5c0f
\nif (!courseMultimap.empty()) {
\n std::cout << "Elements: " << courseMultimap.size();
\n}<\/p>\n
struct CaseInsensitiveCompare {
\n bool operator()(const std::string& a, const std::string& b) const {
\n return std::tolower(a[0]) < std::tolower(b[0]);
\n }
\n};
\nstd::map<std::string, int, CaseInsensitiveCompare> customMap;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c55\u793amap\u548cmultimap\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
#include <map>
\n#include <iostream>
\n#include <string><\/p>\n
int main() {
\n \/\/ map\u793a\u4f8b：\u5b58\u50a8\u5458\u5de5ID\u548c\u59d3\u540d
\n std::map<int, std::string> employees;
\n employees.insert({1, "John"});
\n employees[2] = "Jane"; \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528operator[]\u63d2\u5165
\n employees.emplace(3, "Doe");<\/p>\n
std::cout << "Employee ID 2: " << employees.at(2) << std::endl;<\/p>\n
\/\/ multimap\u793a\u4f8b：\u5b58\u50a8\u90e8\u95e8\u548c\u591a\u5458\u5de5
\n std::multimap<std::string, std::string> departments;
\n departments.insert({"IT", "Alice"});
\n departments.insert({"IT", "Bob"});
\n departments.insert({"HR", "Charlie"});<\/p>\n
auto it = departments.find("IT");
\n if (it != departments.end()) {
\n std::cout << "IT Department employees: ";
\n auto range = departments.equal_range("IT");
\n for (auto r = range.first; r != range.second; ++r) {
\n std::cout << r->second << " ";
\n }
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n
https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/zvideo\/2009491638033089027
\nhttps:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/zvideo\/2009490910673655683
\nhttps:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/zvideo\/2009491638033089027\/
\nhttps:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/zvideo\/2009490910673655683\/<\/p>\n
https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/zvideo\/2009491638033089027
\nhttps:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/zvideo\/2009490910673655683
\nhttps:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/zvideo\/2009491638033089027\/
\nhttps:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/zvideo\/2009490910673655683\/<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8be6\u89e3，\u60a8\u5e94\u80fd\u719f\u7ec3\u4f7f\u7528map\u548cmultimap\u7684\u63a5\u53e3，\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u573a\u666f\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7ec6\u8282，\u6211\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u7b54！<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
STL map\/multimap：\u63a5\u53e3\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\u8be6\u89e3STL（\u6807\u51c6\u6a21\u677f\u5e93）\u4e2d\u7684map\u548cmultimap\u662f\u5173\u8054\u5bb9\u5668，\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u952e\u503c\u5bf9（key-value pairs）\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8e\u6709\u5e8f\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811（\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811）\u5b9e\u73b0，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5143\u7d20\u6309\u952e\u6392\u5e8f\u3002map\u8981\u6c42\u952e\u552f\u4e00，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u53ea\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c；multimap\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u952e\u91cd\u590d，\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u53ef\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[99,190,427],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-77176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-java","tag-190","tag-427"],"yoast_head":"\n