{"id":77018,"date":"2026-02-23T20:42:44","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T12:42:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/77018.html"},"modified":"2026-02-23T20:42:44","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T12:42:44","slug":"c%e9%9b%86%e7%be%a4%e8%81%8a%e5%a4%a9%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%885%ef%bc%89-model%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%b1%82%e4%bb%a3%e7%a0%81%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/77018.html","title":{"rendered":"C++\u96c6\u7fa4\u804a\u5929\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff085\uff09\u2014\u2014Model\u6570\u636e\u5c42\u4ee3\u7801\u6846\u67b6\u8bbe\u8ba1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n

\u5148\u770b\u770b\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0e\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6：
\n\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"
\n\u4e4b\u524d\u76846\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6（ChatServer\u3001ChatService\u3001public.h\u3001main.cpp）\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u6846\u67b6 + \u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u53d1\u89e3\u8026，\u4f46\u4e1a\u52a1（login\/reg）\u53ea\u662f\u6253\u5370\u65e5\u5fd7，\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u5b9e\u529f\u80fd\u3002
\n\u65b0\u589e\u76845\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6（db.h\u3001db.cpp\u3001user.hpp\u3001usermodel.hpp\u3001usermodel.cpp）\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5c42，\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c（\u628a\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u5230 MySQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93，\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u81ea\u589e id）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6574\u4f53\u67b6\u6784\u73b0\u5728\u662f：
\n\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42 \u2192 \u4e1a\u52a1\u63a7\u5236\u5c42 \u2192 \u6a21\u578b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c42 \u2192 \u5b9e\u4f53\u5c42 \u2192 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5c42
\n\u597d\u5904：\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u8026，\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u611f\u77e5\u6570\u636e\u5e93，\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u53ea\u8c03\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u63a5\u53e3\u3002
\n\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u5b9e\u73b0：\u6ce8\u518c\u4e1a\u52a1\u5b8c\u6574\u95ed\u73af（\u4ece\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef JSON \u2192 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d2\u5165 \u2192 \u8fd4\u56de\u65b0 id）\u3002\u767b\u5f55\u4e1a\u52a1\u540e\u7eed\u4f1a\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9010\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8bb2\u89e3<\/h3>\n

1. db.h \u2014\u2014 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5c01\u88c5\u5934\u6587\u4ef6（\u5e95\u5c42 DAO）<\/h4>\n

\u76ee\u7684\u4f5c\u7528：<\/p>\n

\u5c01\u88c5 MySQL C API，\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u5355\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u63a5\u53e3\u3002
\n\u5c4f\u853d\u5e95\u5c42\u7ec6\u8282，\u8ba9\u4e0a\u5c42（UserModel）\u53ea\u9700\u8c03\u7528 connect\/update\/query \u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

#<\/span>ifndef<\/span> DB_H<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>define<\/span> DB_H<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

#<\/span>include<\/span><mysql\/mysql.h><\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span><string><\/span><\/span>
\nusing<\/span> namespace<\/span> std;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b<\/span>
\nclass<\/span> MySQL<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
\n \/\/\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/span>
\n MySQL<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/\u91ca\u653e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>
\n ~<\/span>MySQL<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/span>
\n bool<\/span> connect<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>
\n bool<\/span> update<\/span>(<\/span>string sql)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>
\n MYSQL_RES *<\/span>query<\/span>(<\/span>string sql)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u8fde\u63a5<\/span>
\n MYSQL*<\/span> getConnection<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
\n MYSQL *<\/span>_conn;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

#<\/span>endif<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5355\u8fde\u63a5\u8bbe\u8ba1：\u6bcf\u4e2a MySQL \u5bf9\u8c61\u6301\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5（\u5c40\u90e8\u521b\u5efa，\u7528\u5b8c\u6790\u6784\u5173\u95ed）\u3002
\n\u65e5\u5fd7：\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u7528 muduo::LOG_INFO \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002
\n\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6：connect \u6210\u529f\u540e\u6267\u884c \u201cset names gbk\u201d \u9632\u4e2d\u6587\u4e71\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

2. db.cpp \u2014\u2014 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n

\u76ee\u7684\u4f5c\u7528：
\n\u5b9e\u73b0 db.h \u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5，\u771f\u6b63\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u6267\u884c SQL\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282：<\/p>\n

\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u914d\u7f6e：static string \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u7528\u6237\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u5e93\u540d（\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u4fbf）\u3002
\nconnect()：\u8c03\u7528 mysql_real_connect，\u6210\u529f\u540e set names gbk \u5e76\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002
\nupdate()：mysql_query \u6267\u884c，\u975e0\u5931\u8d25 \u2192 \u65e5\u5fd7 + false\u3002
\nquery()：\u540c\u4e0a，\u8fd4\u56de mysql_use_result（\u6d41\u5f0f\u8bfb\u53d6，\u7701\u5185\u5b58）\u3002
\n\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406：\u6790\u6784\u81ea\u52a8 mysql_close\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u524d\u5c40\u9650：\u6bcf\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b0\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5（\u975e\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60），\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u6548\u7387\u4f4e，\u4f46\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u61c2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

#<\/span>include<\/span>"db.h"<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span><muduo\/base\/Logging.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
\nstatic<\/span> string server =<\/span> "127.0.0.1"<\/span>;<\/span>
\nstatic<\/span> string user =<\/span> "root"<\/span>;<\/span>
\nstatic<\/span> string password =<\/span> "123456"<\/span>;<\/span>
\nstatic<\/span> string dbname =<\/span> "chat"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/span>
\nMySQL<\/span>::<\/span>MySQL<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n _conn =<\/span> mysql_init<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>
\n\/\/\u91ca\u653e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>
\nMySQL<\/span>::<\/span>~<\/span>MySQL<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n if<\/span>(<\/span>_conn !=<\/span> nullptr<\/span>)<\/span> mysql_close<\/span>(<\/span>_conn)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/span>
\nbool<\/span> MySQL<\/span>::<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n MYSQL *<\/span>p =<\/span> mysql_real_connect<\/span>(<\/span>_conn,<\/span>server.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>user.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>password.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>dbname.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>3306<\/span>,<\/span>nullptr<\/span>,<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n if<\/span>(<\/span>p !=<\/span> nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n \/\/C\u548cC++\u4ee3\u7801\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5b57\u7b26\u662fASCII，\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8bbe\u7f6e，\u4eceMySQL\u4e0a\u62c9\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u663e\u793a？<\/span>
\n mysql_query<\/span>(<\/span>_conn,<\/span>"set names gbk"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n LOG_INFO<<<\/span>"connect mysql success!"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n else<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n LOG_INFO<<<\/span>"connect mysql fail!"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n return<\/span> p;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>
\n\/\/\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>
\nbool<\/span> MySQL<\/span>::<\/span>update<\/span>(<\/span>string sql)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n if<\/span>(<\/span>mysql_query<\/span>(<\/span>_conn,<\/span>sql.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n LOG_INFO<<<\/span>__FILE__<\/span><<<\/span>":"<\/span><<<\/span>__LINE__<\/span><<<\/span>":"<\/span><<<\/span>sql<<<\/span>"\u66f4\u65b0\u5931\u8d25！"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>
\n\/\/\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>
\nMYSQL_RES*<\/span> MySQL<\/span>::<\/span>query<\/span>(<\/span>string sql)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n if<\/span>(<\/span>mysql_query<\/span>(<\/span>_conn,<\/span>sql.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n LOG_INFO<<<\/span>__FILE__<\/span><<<\/span>":"<\/span><<<\/span>__LINE__<\/span><<<\/span>":"<\/span><<<\/span>sql<<<\/span>"\u67e5\u8be2\u5931\u8d25！"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n return<\/span> mysql_use_result<\/span>(<\/span>_conn)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u8fde\u63a5<\/span>
\nMYSQL*<\/span> MySQL<\/span>::<\/span>getConnection<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n return<\/span> _conn;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

3. user.hpp \u2014\u2014 \u7528\u6237\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b（ORM \u5b9e\u4f53）<\/h4>\n

\u76ee\u7684\u4f5c\u7528：
\n\u5bf9\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u5e93 user \u8868\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55，\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u8f7d\u4f53\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42 \u2194 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012；\u7eaf POJO（Plain Old C++ Object），\u53ea\u5b58\u6570\u636e + getter\/setter\u3002
\n\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

#<\/span>ifndef<\/span> USER_H<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>define<\/span> USER_H<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

#<\/span>include<\/span><string><\/span><\/span>
\nusing<\/span> namespace<\/span> std;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/\u5339\u914dUser\u8868\u7684ORM\u7c7b<\/span>
\nclass<\/span> User<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
\n User<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> id =<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>string name=<\/span>""<\/span>,<\/span>string pwd=<\/span>""<\/span>,<\/span>string state=<\/span>"offline"<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n this<\/span>-><\/span>id =<\/span> id;<\/span>
\n this<\/span>-><\/span>name =<\/span> name;<\/span>
\n this<\/span>-><\/span>password =<\/span> pwd;<\/span>
\n this<\/span>-><\/span>state =<\/span> state;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n void<\/span> setId<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> id)<\/span> {<\/span>this<\/span>-><\/span>id =<\/span> id;<\/span>}<\/span>
\n void<\/span> setName<\/span>(<\/span>string name)<\/span>{<\/span>this<\/span>-><\/span>name =<\/span> name;<\/span>}<\/span>
\n void<\/span> setPwd<\/span>(<\/span>string pwd)<\/span> {<\/span>this<\/span>-><\/span>password =<\/span> pwd;<\/span>}<\/span>
\n void<\/span> setState<\/span>(<\/span>string state)<\/span> {<\/span>this<\/span>-><\/span>state =<\/span> state;<\/span>}<\/span><\/p>\n

int<\/span> getId<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>return<\/span> this<\/span>-><\/span>id;<\/span>}<\/span>
\n string getName<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>{<\/span>return<\/span> this<\/span>-><\/span>name;<\/span>}<\/span>
\n string getPwd<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>return<\/span> this<\/span>-><\/span>password;<\/span>}<\/span>
\n string getState<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>return<\/span> this<\/span>-><\/span>state;<\/span>}<\/span>
\nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
\n int<\/span> id;<\/span>
\n string name;<\/span>
\n string password;<\/span>
\n string state;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

#<\/span>endif<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 id \u9ed8\u8ba4 -1：\u533a\u5206\u201c\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u201d（\u672a\u63d2\u5165）\u548c\u201c\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7528\u6237\u201d\u3002
\nstate \u9ed8\u8ba4 offline：\u65b0\u6ce8\u518c\u7528\u6237\u9ed8\u8ba4\u79bb\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

4. usermodel.hpp（usermodel.h） \u2014\u2014 \u7528\u6237\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u63a5\u53e3\u58f0\u660e<\/h4>\n

\u76ee\u7684\u4f5c\u7528：
\n\u5b9a\u4e49 UserModel \u7c7b，\u5c01\u88c5\u5bf9 user \u8868\u7684 CRUD \u64cd\u4f5c；
\n\u5f53\u524d\u53ea\u58f0\u660e insert（\u6ce8\u518c\u7528），\u540e\u7eed\u4f1a\u6269\u5c55 query\/update \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

#<\/span>ifndef<\/span> USERMODEL_H<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>define<\/span> USERMODEL_H<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

#<\/span>include<\/span>"user.hpp"<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/User\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b<\/span>
\nclass<\/span> UserModel<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\npublic<\/span>:<\/span>
\n \/\/User\u8868\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n bool<\/span> insert<\/span>(<\/span>User &<\/span>user)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

#<\/span>endif<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u804c\u8d23\u5355\u4e00，\u53ea\u64cd\u4f5c user \u8868，\u4e0d\u78b0\u5176\u4ed6\u3002<\/p>\n

5. usermodel.cpp \u2014\u2014 \u7528\u6237\u8868\u63d2\u5165\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n

\u76ee\u7684\u4f5c\u7528：\u5b9e\u73b0\u6ce8\u518c\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d2\u5165，\u628a User \u5bf9\u8c61\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230\u8868\u4e2d，\u5e76\u5199\u56de\u81ea\u589e id<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

#<\/span>include<\/span>"usermodel.hpp"<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span>"db.h"<\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span><iostream><\/span><\/span>
\nusing<\/span> namespace<\/span> std;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/User\u8868\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\nbool<\/span> UserModel<\/span>::<\/span>insert<\/span>(<\/span>User &<\/span>user)<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\n \/\/1 \u7ec4\u88c5sql\u8bed\u53e5<\/span>
\n char<\/span> sql[<\/span>1024<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>0<\/span>}<\/span>;<\/span>
\n sprintf<\/span>(<\/span>sql,<\/span>"insert into User(name,password,state)values('%s','%s','%s')"<\/span>,<\/span>
\n user.<\/span>getName<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>user.<\/span>getPwd<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>user.<\/span>getState<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

MySQL mysql;<\/span>
\n if<\/span>(<\/span>mysql.<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n if<\/span>(<\/span>mysql.<\/span>update<\/span>(<\/span>sql)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n \/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u63d2\u5165\u6210\u529f\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e3b\u952eid<\/span>
\n user.<\/span>setId<\/span>(<\/span>mysql_insert_id<\/span>(<\/span>mysql.<\/span>getConnection<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

SQL \u62fc\u63a5：\u7b80\u5355\u4f46\u6709\u6ce8\u5165\u98ce\u9669（\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u4f18\u5316\u7684）\u3002
\n\u5199\u56de id：\u6ce8\u518c\u6210\u529f\u540e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u80fd\u7acb\u523b\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 id\u3002
\n\u5c40\u90e8 MySQL \u5bf9\u8c61：\u7528\u5b8c\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8054\u7cfb<\/h3>\n

1.\u6700\u9876\u5c42：\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u5757（\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23IO\u548c\u521d\u6b65\u5206\u53d1）
\n\u6587\u4ef6：main.cpp \u2192 ChatServer.h \/ chatserver.cpp（\u4f9d\u8d56Muduo\u5e93）<\/p>\n

main.cpp \u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5165\u53e3，\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u521b\u5efaEventLoop\u3001InetAddress\u3001ChatServer\u5bf9\u8c61，\u8c03\u7528server.start()\u548cloop.loop()\u3002<\/p>\n

ChatServer \u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e3b\u7c7b：<\/p>\n