{"id":76730,"date":"2026-02-23T07:52:05","date_gmt":"2026-02-22T23:52:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76730.html"},"modified":"2026-02-23T07:52:05","modified_gmt":"2026-02-22T23:52:05","slug":"c-%e5%a4%9a%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%8e%e5%b9%b6%e5%8f%91%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%8f%96%e5%90%91%ef%bc%88%e5%85%ad%ef%bc%89-%e4%bb%bb%e5%8a%a1%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e9%aa%a8%e6%9e%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76730.html","title":{"rendered":"C++ \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d6\u5411\uff08\u516d\uff09\u2014\u2014 \u4efb\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u9aa8\u67b6\uff1amutex + condition_variable + atomic \u7ec4\u5408\u5b9e\u6218"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u76ee\u6807&#xff1a;\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u53ef\u7528\u201d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4efb\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7248\u4efb\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u2705 \u63d0\u4ea4\u4efb\u52a1&#xff08;\u4efb\u610f\u51fd\u6570&#xff09;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u2705 \u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u2705 \u65e0\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u2705 \u652f\u6301\u5b89\u5168\u5173\u95ed<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u2705 \u6b63\u786e\u91ca\u653e\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8def&#xff08;\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d6\u5411&#xff09;<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e09\u7c7b\u80fd\u529b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>1\ufe0f\u20e3 \u8d44\u6e90\u4fdd\u62a4&#xff08;\u961f\u5217&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee<\/li>\n<li>\u5fc5\u987b\u7528 mutex \u4fdd\u62a4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>2\ufe0f\u20e3 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u534f\u4f5c&#xff08;\u7b49\u5f85\u4efb\u52a1&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u961f\u5217\u7a7a \u2192 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f11\u7720<\/li>\n<li>\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1 \u2192 \u5524\u9192\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 condition_variable<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>3\ufe0f\u20e3 \u72b6\u6001\u63a7\u5236&#xff08;\u505c\u6b62\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u505c\u6b62\u6807\u5fd7<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 atomic&lt;bool&gt;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\u6574\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b<br \/>\n   \u2502<br \/>\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 submit() \u2192 push \u4efb\u52a1 \u2192 notify<br \/>\n   \u2502<br \/>\n   \u25bc<br \/>\n\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b<br \/>\n   \u2502<br \/>\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 wait \u7b49\u5f85\u4efb\u52a1<br \/>\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u53d6\u4efb\u52a1<br \/>\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 unlock<br \/>\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u6267\u884c<br \/>\n   \u2514\u2500\u2500 \u5faa\u73af <\/p>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff08;\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c&#xff09;<\/h2>\n<h3>1\ufe0f\u20e3 \u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>#include &lt;iostream&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;thread&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;vector&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;queue&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;mutex&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;condition_variable&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;atomic&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;functional&gt; <\/p>\n<h3>2\ufe0f\u20e3 \u4efb\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b<\/h3>\n<p>class TaskSystem {<br \/>\npublic:<br \/>\n    TaskSystem(size_t threadCount)<br \/>\n        : running_(true)<br \/>\n    {<br \/>\n        for (size_t i &#061; 0; i &lt; threadCount; &#043;&#043;i) {<br \/>\n            workers_.emplace_back([this] {<br \/>\n                this-&gt;workerLoop();<br \/>\n            });<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    ~TaskSystem() {<br \/>\n        shutdown();<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u63d0\u4ea4\u4efb\u52a1<br \/>\n    void submit(std::function&lt;void()&gt; task) {<br \/>\n        {<br \/>\n            std::unique_lock&lt;std::mutex&gt; lock(mtx_);<br \/>\n            tasks_.push(task);<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        cv_.notify_one();<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf<br \/>\n    void shutdown() {<br \/>\n        running_.store(false);<br \/>\n        cv_.notify_all();<\/p>\n<p>        for (auto&amp; t : workers_) {<br \/>\n            if (t.joinable()) {<br \/>\n                t.join();<br \/>\n            }<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>private:<br \/>\n    void workerLoop() {<br \/>\n        while (true) {<br \/>\n            std::function&lt;void()&gt; task;<\/p>\n<p>            {<br \/>\n                std::unique_lock&lt;std::mutex&gt; lock(mtx_);<\/p>\n<p>                cv_.wait(lock, [this] {<br \/>\n                    return !tasks_.empty() || !running_.load();<br \/>\n                });<\/p>\n<p>                if (!running_.load() &amp;&amp; tasks_.empty()) {<br \/>\n                    return;<br \/>\n                }<\/p>\n<p>                task &#061; tasks_.front();<br \/>\n                tasks_.pop();<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            task();  \/\/ \u5728\u9501\u5916\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>private:<br \/>\n    std::vector&lt;std::thread&gt; workers_;<br \/>\n    std::queue&lt;std::function&lt;void()&gt;&gt; tasks_;<br \/>\n    std::mutex mtx_;<br \/>\n    std::condition_variable cv_;<br \/>\n    std::atomic&lt;bool&gt; running_;<br \/>\n}; <\/p>\n<h2>\u4e94\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801<\/h2>\n<p>int main() {<br \/>\n    TaskSystem pool(3);<\/p>\n<p>    for (int i &#061; 0; i &lt; 10; &#043;&#043;i) {<br \/>\n        pool.submit([i] {<br \/>\n            std::cout &lt;&lt; &#034;Task &#034; &lt;&lt; i<br \/>\n                      &lt;&lt; &#034; running in thread &#034;<br \/>\n                      &lt;&lt; std::this_thread::get_id()<br \/>\n                      &lt;&lt; std::endl;<br \/>\n        });<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));<\/p>\n<p>    pool.shutdown();<\/p>\n<p>    return 0;<br \/>\n} <\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Task 0 running in thread 1234<br \/>\nTask 1 running in thread 5678<br \/>\n&#8230; <\/p>\n<h2>\u516d\u3001\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u9010\u6761\u62c6\u89e3&#xff08;\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981&#xff09;<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>1\ufe0f\u20e3 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 running_ \u7528 atomic&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bfb\u5199<\/li>\n<li>\u53ea\u63a7\u5236\u201c\u72b6\u6001\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u590d\u6742\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7b26\u5408 atomic \u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3>2\ufe0f\u20e3 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u9501\u5916&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6837\u5199&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>task(); <\/p>\n<p>\u653e\u5728\u9501\u5185&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f1a\u88ab\u963b\u585e<\/li>\n<li>\u5e76\u53d1\u80fd\u529b\u6d88\u5931<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u539f\u5219&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u9501\u4fdd\u62a4\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3>3\ufe0f\u20e3 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 wait \u8981\u5e26 predicate&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>cv_.wait(lock, condition); <\/p>\n<p>\u9632\u6b62&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5047\u5524\u9192<\/li>\n<li>\u4e22\u901a\u77e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4\ufe0f\u20e3 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 shutdown \u8981 notify_all&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u7b49\u5f85<\/li>\n<li>\u5fc5\u987b\u5168\u90e8\u5524\u9192\u9000\u51fa<\/li>\n<li>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e03\u3001Java \u7c7b\u6bd4<\/h2>\n<h4>Java \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60&#xff1a;<\/h4>\n<p>ExecutorService pool &#061; Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);<br \/>\npool.submit(() -&gt; {});<br \/>\npool.shutdown(); <\/p>\n<p>Java \u5e2e\u4f60\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217<\/li>\n<li>\u9501<\/li>\n<li>\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>\u72b6\u6001\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>C&#043;&#043;&#xff1a;<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f C&#043;&#043; 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