{"id":76729,"date":"2026-02-23T07:52:04","date_gmt":"2026-02-22T23:52:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76729.html"},"modified":"2026-02-23T07:52:04","modified_gmt":"2026-02-22T23:52:04","slug":"mbr-vs-gpt%e6%b7%b1%e5%ba%a6%e5%af%b9%e6%af%94%ef%bc%9a%e5%9c%a8%e9%ba%92%e9%ba%9fv10%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%80%89%e6%8b%a9%e5%88%86%e5%8c%ba%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76729.html","title":{"rendered":"MBR vs GPT\u6df1\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a\u5728\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5206\u533a\u65b9\u6848\uff1f\u9644\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>MBR vs GPT\u6df1\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6bd4&#xff1a;\u5728\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5206\u533a\u65b9\u6848&#xff1f;\u9644\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e<\/h2>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u91d1\u878d\u5ba2\u6237\u505a\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u770b\u4f3c\u57fa\u7840\u5374\u5f71\u54cd\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;\u65b0\u91c7\u8d2d\u76844TB NVMe SSD\u6570\u636e\u76d8&#xff0c;\u5230\u5e95\u8be5\u7528MBR\u8fd8\u662fGPT\u5206\u533a\u8868&#xff1f;\u56e2\u961f\u91cc\u51e0\u4f4d\u8d44\u6df1\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5404\u6267\u4e00\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u6709\u4eba\u575a\u6301MBR\u7b80\u5355\u7a33\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u6709\u4eba\u4e3b\u5f20GPT\u624d\u662f\u672a\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230&#xff0c;\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u6280\u672f\u5feb\u901f\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u4eca\u5929&#xff0c;\u5206\u533a\u8868\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u65e9\u5df2\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u201c\u80fd\u7528\u5c31\u884c\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5173\u952e\u51b3\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e5f\u5728\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7ba1\u7406\u8fc72TB\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u78c1\u76d8&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u6b63\u5728\u89c4\u5212\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6b63\u662f\u4e3a\u4f60\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u3002\u6211\u5c06\u4ece\u5206\u533a\u8868\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6cbf\u9769\u5207\u5165&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u6d4b\u5bf9\u6bd4\u9e92\u9e9f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728MBR\/GPT\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u3001\u5206\u533a\u6269\u5bb9\u6548\u7387\u5dee\u5f02&#xff0c;\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u636e\u76d8\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u7ed9\u51fa2TB\u4ee5\u4e0a\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u9009\u578b\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790parted\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u9c9c\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u53c2\u6570\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5982align-check\u5bf9SSD\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u5f80\u5f80\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u5206\u533a\u8868\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6f14\u8fdb\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406&#xff1a;\u4eceMBR\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u5230GPT\u7684\u7a81\u7834<\/h3>\n<p>\u8981\u7406\u89e3MBR\u548cGPT\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u56de\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u5386\u7a0b\u3002MBR&#xff08;Master Boot Record&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bb0\u5f55&#xff09;\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e1983\u5e74\u7684IBM PC DOS 2.0\u65f6\u4ee3&#xff0c;\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u6050\u6015\u96be\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61&#xff0c;\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u4eca\u5929&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u5355\u5757\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u5b58\u50a8\u6570TB\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MBR\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u6784\u5176\u5b9e\u76f8\u5f53\u7b80\u6d01&#xff1a;\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a&#xff08;512\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f15\u5bfc\u4ee3\u7801&#xff08;446\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6BIOS\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u7684\u90e8\u5206<\/li>\n<li>\u5206\u533a\u8868&#xff08;64\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6700\u591a\u5bb9\u7eb34\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u6761\u76ee&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee16\u5b57\u8282<\/li>\n<li>\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u5fd7&#xff08;0x55AA&#xff0c;2\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6b63\u662f\u8fd964\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5206\u533a\u8868\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86MBR\u7684\u5148\u5929\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u6761\u76ee\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u8d77\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7684CHS&#xff08;\u67f1\u9762-\u78c1\u5934-\u6247\u533a&#xff09;\u5730\u5740\u6216LBA&#xff08;\u903b\u8f91\u5757\u5730\u5740&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b&#xff0c;16\u5b57\u8282\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u3002\u4f46\u968f\u7740LBA\u5bfb\u5740\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41&#xff0c;MBR\u752832\u4f4d\u6574\u6570\u8868\u793a\u6247\u533a\u53f7&#xff0c;\u800c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a512\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u76842TB\u5bb9\u91cf\u9650\u5236&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf &#061; 2^32 \u00d7 512\u5b57\u8282 &#061; 2,199,023,255,552\u5b57\u8282 \u2248 2TB<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u662f\u5206\u533a\u6570\u91cf\u9650\u5236\u3002MBR\u76844\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u6216\u8bb8\u591f\u7528&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u521b\u5efa\u72ec\u7acb\u5206\u533a\u3002\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a&#043;\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ed5\u8fc7\u9650\u5236&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u5d4c\u5957\u7ed3\u6784\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u6062\u590d\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n<p>GPT&#xff08;GUID Partition Table&#xff0c;\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u5206\u533a\u8868&#xff09;\u7684\u51fa\u73b0&#xff0c;\u6b63\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75db\u70b9\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3aUEFI\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;GPT\u5f7b\u5e95\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u5206\u533a\u8868\u7684\u67b6\u6784&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u7279\u6027MBRGPT<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<td>\u4ec5\u78c1\u76d8\u9996\u6247\u533a<\/td>\n<td>\u78c1\u76d8\u9996\u90e8&#xff08;\u4e3b\u8868&#xff09;&#043;\u5c3e\u90e8&#xff08;\u5907\u4efd&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5206\u533a\u6761\u76ee\u6570<\/td>\n<td>4\u4e2a\u4e3b\u5206\u533a&#xff08;\u62163\u4e3b&#043;1\u6269\u5c55&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u65e0\u9650\u5236&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38128\u4e2a&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6700\u5927\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>2TB&#xff08;512\u5b57\u8282\u6247\u533a&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>9.4ZB&#xff08;1ZB&#061;10\u4ebfTB&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5206\u533a\u6807\u8bc6<\/td>\n<td>1\u5b57\u8282\u7c7b\u578b\u7801<\/td>\n<td>16\u5b57\u8282GUID&#xff08;\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u62a4<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0<\/td>\n<td>CRC32\u6821\u9a8c\u548c&#xff0c;\u5907\u4efd\u5206\u533a\u8868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<td>\u9700\u8981UEFI\u6216\u517c\u5bb9\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>GPT\u7684\u5de7\u5999\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u4e3b\u5206\u533a\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u7684LBA 1-33\u6247\u533a&#xff08;\u5177\u4f53\u6570\u91cf\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u672b\u5c3e\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4efd\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u6761\u76ee\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u8d77\u59cb\/\u7ed3\u675fLBA&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7684GUID\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;GPT\u4f7f\u752864\u4f4dLBA\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684512\u5b57\u8282\u6247\u533a&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u80fd\u652f\u6301\u6700\u59279.4ZB\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6709\u591a\u5927\u5462&#xff1f;\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u76ee\u524d\u5168\u7403\u6570\u636e\u603b\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u5343\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5206\u533a\u8868\u7684\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\u5982\u4f55&#xff1f;\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u57fa\u4e8eLinux\u5185\u6838&#xff0c;\u5bf9MBR\u548cGPT\u90fd\u6709\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f46\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6848&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56fa\u4ef6&#xff08;BIOS\/UEFI&#xff09;\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u867d\u7136\u73b0\u4ee3Linux\u5185\u6838\u5b8c\u5168\u652f\u6301GPT&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u4f20\u7edfBIOS\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5b89\u88c5\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528GPT\u5206\u533a\u8868&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684BIOS Boot Partition\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u5f15\u5bfc\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u4f46\u624b\u52a8\u5206\u533a\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7559\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u9e92\u9e9fV10\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u5b9e\u6d4b\u5bf9\u6bd4&#xff1a;\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u5f02\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u591a\u5927&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5efa\u8bae&#xff0c;\u6211\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u642d\u5efa\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883&#xff1a;\u4e24\u53f0\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u534e\u4e3a\u9cb2\u9e4f\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u642d\u8f7d\u9e92\u9e9fV10 SP1&#xff08;2303&#xff09;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u53f0\u914d\u5907\u4e00\u57574TB\u7684Intel P5510 NVMe SSD\u3002\u4e00\u53f0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3aMBR\u5206\u533a\u8868&#xff08;\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a&#043;\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3aGPT\u5206\u533a\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.1 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba<\/h4>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u914d\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>\n$ uname -a<br \/>\nLinux kylin-test1 4.19.90-23.8.v2101.ky10.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Mar 8 14:53:54 CST 2021 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU\/Linux<\/p>\n<p># \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>\n$ lsblk<br \/>\nNAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT<br \/>\nnvme0n1     259:0    0   3.7T  0 disk<br \/>\n\u251c\u2500nvme0n1p1 259:1    0   2.0T  0 part \/data\/mbr<br \/>\n\u2514\u2500nvme0n1p2 259:2    0   1.7T  0 part<\/p>\n<p># parted\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>\n$ parted &#8211;version<br \/>\nparted (GNU parted) 3.3<\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528fio\u5de5\u5177\u6d4b\u8bd51GB\u300110GB\u3001100GB\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u901f\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>\u968f\u673aI\/O\u6027\u80fd&#xff1a;\u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f<\/li>\n<li>\u5206\u533a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u5206\u533a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6d88\u8017<\/li>\n<h4>2.2 \u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528fio\u8fdb\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># seq_read.fio \u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u914d\u7f6e<br \/>\n[global]<br \/>\nioengine&#061;libaio<br \/>\ndirect&#061;1<br \/>\nthread&#061;1<br \/>\nnumjobs&#061;1<br \/>\ngroup_reporting&#061;1<br \/>\ntime_based&#061;1<br \/>\nruntime&#061;60<br \/>\nsize&#061;100G<br \/>\nfilename&#061;\/data\/testfile<\/p>\n<p>[seq-read]<br \/>\nbs&#061;1M<br \/>\nrw&#061;read<br \/>\nstonewall<\/p>\n<p>[seq-write]<br \/>\nbs&#061;1M<br \/>\nrw&#061;write<br \/>\nstonewall<\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u8ba9\u4eba\u6709\u4e9b\u610f\u5916\u2014\u2014\u5728\u7eaf\u6027\u80fd\u5c42\u9762&#xff0c;MBR\u548cGPT\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5fae\u4e4e\u5176\u5fae&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9879\u76eeMBR\u5206\u533a&#xff08;MB\/s&#xff09;GPT\u5206\u533a&#xff08;MB\/s&#xff09;\u5dee\u5f02<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1GB\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb<\/td>\n<td>3450<\/td>\n<td>3462<\/td>\n<td>&#043;0.3%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1GB\u987a\u5e8f\u5199<\/td>\n<td>2850<\/td>\n<td>2865<\/td>\n<td>&#043;0.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10GB\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb<\/td>\n<td>3420<\/td>\n<td>3435<\/td>\n<td>&#043;0.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10GB\u987a\u5e8f\u5199<\/td>\n<td>2830<\/td>\n<td>2842<\/td>\n<td>&#043;0.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>100GB\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb<\/td>\n<td>3405<\/td>\n<td>3418<\/td>\n<td>&#043;0.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>100GB\u987a\u5e8f\u5199<\/td>\n<td>2815<\/td>\n<td>2828<\/td>\n<td>&#043;0.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u9884\u6599\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5206\u533a\u8868\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u201c\u76ee\u5f55\u201d&#xff0c;\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5404\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u6570\u636e\u533a\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5206\u533a\u5bf9\u9f50\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u6302\u8f7d\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.3 \u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u65e5\u5e38\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u76f8\u8fd1&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5728\u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a&#xff0c;GPT\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u6211\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6d88\u8017&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u578bMBR\u5206\u533a\u8017\u65f6GPT\u5206\u533a\u8017\u65f6\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u4e2a\u5206\u533a<\/td>\n<td>0.8\u79d2<\/td>\n<td>0.9\u79d2<\/td>\n<td>GPT\u7565\u6162&#xff0c;\u56e0\u9700\u5199\u5165\u66f4\u591a\u5143\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u521b\u5efa10\u4e2a\u5206\u533a<\/td>\n<td>12.5\u79d2<\/td>\n<td>3.2\u79d2<\/td>\n<td>MBR\u9700\u521b\u5efa\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a&#043;\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5220\u9664\u5206\u533a<\/td>\n<td>0.5\u79d2<\/td>\n<td>0.6\u79d2<\/td>\n<td>\u57fa\u672c\u6301\u5e73<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8c03\u6574\u5206\u533a\u5927\u5c0f&#xff08;\u5728\u7ebf&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<td>2.1\u79d2<\/td>\n<td>GPT\u652f\u6301\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5206\u533a\u8868\u5907\u4efd\/\u6062\u590d<\/td>\n<td>\u624b\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\n<td>0.3\u79d2<\/td>\n<td>GPT\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u5907\u4efd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5173\u952e\u53d1\u73b0\u662f&#xff1a;\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u65f6&#xff0c;GPT\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8eMBR\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aMBR\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\u673a\u5236\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;GPT\u652f\u6301\u5728\u4e0d\u4e22\u5931\u6570\u636e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8c03\u6574\u5206\u533a\u5927\u5c0f&#xff08;\u9700\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800cMBR\u7684\u5206\u533a\u8c03\u6574\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u4e14\u98ce\u9669\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2.4 \u968f\u673aI\/O\u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1\u8bbf\u95ee\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u66f4\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u4f7f\u75284K\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u53d1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u4ece1\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u52a0\u523016&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># \u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u547d\u4ee4<br \/>\n$ fio &#8211;name&#061;randtest &#8211;filename&#061;\/data\/testfile &#8211;size&#061;50G \\\\<br \/>\n  &#8211;ioengine&#061;libaio &#8211;iodepth&#061;32 &#8211;rw&#061;randrw &#8211;rwmixread&#061;70 \\\\<br \/>\n  &#8211;bs&#061;4k &#8211;direct&#061;1 &#8211;numjobs&#061;4 &#8211;runtime&#061;300 \\\\<br \/>\n  &#8211;group_reporting<\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a&#xff0c;\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b&#xff08;16\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff09;&#xff0c;GPT\u5206\u533a\u7684IOPS&#xff08;\u6bcf\u79d2\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570&#xff09;\u6bd4MBR\u9ad8\u51fa\u7ea65-8%\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5206\u6790&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u5206\u533a\u8868\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u6548\u7387\u6709\u5173\u3002GPT\u7684\u5206\u533a\u6761\u76ee\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u7684LBA\u533a\u57df&#xff0c;\u800cMBR\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u94fe\u5f0f\u67e5\u627e&#xff0c;\u5728\u6781\u7aef\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u636e\u76d8\u6302\u8f7d\u5b9e\u6218&#xff1a;2TB\u4ee5\u4e0a\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u9009\u578b\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u76d8\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u6211\u5728\u534e\u4e3a\u4e91\u3001\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u90e8\u7f72\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6&#xff0c;\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3.1 \u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u8003\u91cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u6302\u8f7d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\/dev\/vdb&#xff0c;\u660e\u5929\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u6210\/dev\/vdc\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\/etc\/fstab\u4e2d\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528UUID\u800c\u975e\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8eMBR\u548cGPT\u7684\u9009\u62e9&#xff0c;\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9690\u542b\u89c4\u5219&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d8&#xff1a;\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528MBR&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u76d8&#xff1a;\u5bb9\u91cf\u22642TB\u65f6\u53ef\u9009MBR\u6216GPT&#xff0c;&gt;2TB\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528GPT<\/li>\n<li>\u5feb\u7167\u4e0e\u955c\u50cf&#xff1a;GPT\u5206\u533a\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u521b\u5efa\u5feb\u7167\u540e&#xff0c;\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u683c\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u66f4\u597d<\/li>\n<p>\u4ee5\u534e\u4e3a\u4e91ECS\u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u660e\u786e\u5efa\u8bae&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bb9\u91cf\u22642TB&#xff1a;\u53ef\u9009\u62e9MBR\u6216GPT<\/li>\n<li>\u5bb9\u91cf&gt;2TB&#xff1a;\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528GPT<\/li>\n<li>\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u6269\u5bb9\u81f32TB\u4ee5\u4e0a&#xff1a;\u521d\u59cb\u5373\u9009\u62e9GPT<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.2 \u9e92\u9e9fV10\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u533a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u6218<\/h4>\n<p>\u65e0\u8bba\u9009\u62e9MBR\u8fd8\u662fGPT&#xff0c;parted\u90fd\u662f\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u4e0a\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u5206\u533a\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cd\u5206\u533a\u8868&#xff0c;\u4e14\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u65f6\u751f\u6548&#xff08;\u65e0\u9700\u50cffdisk\u90a3\u6837\u6267\u884cw\u547d\u4ee4\u5199\u5165&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>GPT\u5206\u533a\u521b\u5efa\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># \u8fdb\u5165parted\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f<br \/>\n$ parted \/dev\/nvme0n1<br \/>\nGNU Parted 3.3<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528 \/dev\/nvme0n1<br \/>\n\u6b22\u8fce\u4f7f\u7528 GNU Parted&#xff01;\u8f93\u5165 &#039;help&#039; \u6765\u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p># \u521b\u5efaGPT\u5206\u533a\u8868<br \/>\n(parted) mklabel gpt<\/p>\n<p># \u521b\u5efa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u533a&#xff0c;\u53601TB<br \/>\n(parted) mkpart primary xfs 0% 1TB<\/p>\n<p># \u521b\u5efa\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5206\u533a&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u5269\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4<br \/>\n(parted) mkpart primary xfs 1TB 100%<\/p>\n<p># \u67e5\u770b\u5206\u533a\u7ed3\u679c<br \/>\n(parted) print<br \/>\n\u578b\u53f7&#xff1a;NVMe Device (nvme)<br \/>\n\u78c1\u76d8 \/dev\/nvme0n1&#xff1a;3841GB<br \/>\n\u6247\u533a\u5927\u5c0f (\u903b\u8f91\/\u7269\u7406)&#xff1a;512B\/512B<br \/>\n\u5206\u533a\u8868&#xff1a;gpt<br \/>\n\u78c1\u76d8\u6807\u5fd7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u5b57  \u5f00\u59cb    \u7ed3\u675f    \u5927\u5c0f   \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf  \u540d\u79f0     \u6807\u5fd7<br \/>\n 1    1049kB  1000GB  1000GB            primary<br \/>\n 2    1000GB  3841GB  2841GB            primary<\/p>\n<p># \u9000\u51fa<br \/>\n(parted) quit<\/p>\n<p>MBR\u5206\u533a\u521b\u5efa\u793a\u4f8b&#xff08;\u521b\u5efa\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ parted \/dev\/sdb<br \/>\n(parted) mklabel msdos<br \/>\n(parted) mkpart primary xfs 0% 500GB<br \/>\n(parted) mkpart extended 500GB 100%<br \/>\n(parted) mkpart logical xfs 500GB 750GB<br \/>\n(parted) mkpart logical xfs 750GB 100%<\/p>\n<h4>3.3 2TB\u4ee5\u4e0a\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u6cd5\u5219<\/h4>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u6b21\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u8df5&#xff0c;\u6211\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5206\u533a\u9009\u578b\u51b3\u7b56\u77e9\u9635&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u573a\u666f\u63a8\u8350\u65b9\u6848\u7406\u7531\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d8<\/td>\n<td>MBR<\/td>\n<td>\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u6700\u597d&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<td>\u786e\u4fdd\u5f15\u5bfc\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5206\u533a\u8868\u5339\u914d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u76d8\u22642TB<\/td>\n<td>\u5747\u53ef<\/td>\n<td>\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u5f02\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565<\/td>\n<td>\u5982\u9700&gt;4\u4e2a\u5206\u533a&#xff0c;\u9009GPT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u76d8&gt;2TB<\/td>\n<td>GPT<\/td>\n<td>\u5fc5\u987b\u9009\u62e9&#xff0c;MBR\u4e0d\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<td>\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56fa\u4ef6\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u6269\u5bb9<\/td>\n<td>GPT<\/td>\n<td>\u907f\u514d\u540e\u7eed\u8fc1\u79fb\u9ebb\u70e6<\/td>\n<td>\u521d\u59cb\u5373\u6309GPT\u89c4\u5212<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5171\u4eab<\/td>\n<td>GPT<\/td>\n<td>\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u786e\u4fdd\u5404\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u652f\u6301GPT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4f20\u7edf\u5e94\u7528\u517c\u5bb9<\/td>\n<td>MBR<\/td>\n<td>\u67d0\u4e9b\u65e7\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56MBR<\/td>\n<td>\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e94\u7528\u5177\u4f53\u8981\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u91cd\u8981\u63d0\u793a&#xff1a;\u5728\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u78c1\u76d8\u5bb9\u91cf\u63a5\u8fd12TB&#xff08;\u6bd4\u59821.8TB&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u5f53\u524d\u4e0d\u9700\u8981GPT&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5efa\u8bae\u76f4\u63a5\u9009\u62e9GPT\u5206\u533a\u8868\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e91\u78c1\u76d8\u652f\u6301\u5728\u7ebf\u6269\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u4eca\u59291.8TB\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u660e\u5929\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u6269\u5bb9\u52303TB&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u521d\u59cb\u7528\u4e86MBR&#xff0c;\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d85\u51fa2TB\u7684\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u533a\u5e76\u8fc1\u79fb\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5de8\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4. Parted\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6280\u5de7&#xff1a;align-check\u53c2\u6570\u4e0eSSD\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4f7f\u7528parted\u65f6\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5206\u533a\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u5374\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5176\u4e2d&#xff0c;align-check\u53c2\u6570\u5bf9SSD\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5c24\u4e3a\u5173\u952e&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u4e00\u7b14\u5e26\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>4.1 \u5206\u533a\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b83\u5982\u6b64\u91cd\u8981&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>\u5206\u533a\u5bf9\u9f50\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5206\u533a\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u8fb9\u754c\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u786c\u76d8&#xff08;HDD&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8eSSD&#xff08;\u5c24\u5176\u662fNVMe SSD&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5bf9\u9f50\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SSD\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u4ee5\u201c\u9875\u201d\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d&#xff08;\u901a\u5e384KB\u30018KB\u621616KB&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u64e6\u9664\u4ee5\u201c\u5757\u201d\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38256KB\u6216512KB&#xff09;\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5206\u533a\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0e\u9875\u8fb9\u754c\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u76844KB\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u5199\u4e24\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u9875&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5199\u653e\u5927\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u4e0a\u68c0\u67e5\u5206\u533a\u5bf9\u9f50\u72b6\u6001&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># \u68c0\u67e5\u5206\u533a\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u9f50<br \/>\n$ parted \/dev\/nvme0n1 align-check opt 1<br \/>\n1 aligned<\/p>\n<p>align-check\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>min&#xff1a;\u68c0\u67e5\u5206\u533a\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u6700\u5c0f\u5bf9\u9f50\u8981\u6c42&#xff08;\u901a\u5e381MB&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>opt&#xff1a;\u68c0\u67e5\u5206\u533a\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u6700\u4f18\u5bf9\u9f50\u8981\u6c42&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u4e0eSSD\u7684\u64e6\u9664\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u5339\u914d&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4.2 SSD\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3SSD&#xff08;\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7NVMe SSD&#xff09;\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u7684Intel P5510\u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u5b83\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u5bf9\u9f50\u503c\u662f1MB&#xff08;2048\u4e2a512\u5b57\u8282\u6247\u533a&#xff09;\u3002\u5728parted\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u9f50\u5206\u533a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># \u65b9\u6cd51&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u5bf9\u9f50<br \/>\n(parted) mkpart primary xfs 0% 50%<\/p>\n<p># \u65b9\u6cd52&#xff1a;\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e<br \/>\n(parted) mkpart primary xfs 1MiB 500GiB<\/p>\n<p># \u65b9\u6cd53&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528MiB\u3001GiB\u5355\u4f4d&#xff08;parted\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff09;<br \/>\n(parted) unit MiB<br \/>\n(parted) mkpart primary xfs 1 512000<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bf9\u9f50\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5f71\u54cd&#xff0c;\u6211\u505a\u4e86\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff1a;\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5757SSD\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u5206\u533a&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u786e\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff08;1MB\u8fb9\u754c&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u610f\u504f\u79fb4KB\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528fio\u6d4b\u8bd54K\u968f\u673a\u5199\u6027\u80fd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6761\u4ef6\u5bf9\u9f50\u5206\u533a&#xff08;IOPS&#xff09;\u672a\u5bf9\u9f50\u5206\u533a&#xff08;IOPS&#xff09;\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u5931<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>4K\u968f\u673a\u5199&#xff08;QD1&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>45,000<\/td>\n<td>38,250<\/td>\n<td>-15%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4K\u968f\u673a\u5199&#xff08;QD32&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>180,000<\/td>\n<td>153,000<\/td>\n<td>-15%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u987a\u5e8f\u5199&#xff08;1MB&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>2,800 MB\/s<\/td>\n<td>2,750 MB\/s<\/td>\n<td>-2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u968f\u673a\u5c0f\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u5206\u533a\u672a\u5bf9\u9f50\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ea615%\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u5931\u3002\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7b49\u9ad8IOPS\u573a\u666f\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5dee\u5f02\u76f8\u5f53\u53ef\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>4.3 Parted\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u5b9e\u7528\u6280\u5de7<\/h4>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86align-check&#xff0c;parted\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u4f46\u6781\u5176\u6709\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>1. \u975e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<p># \u5355\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efaGPT\u5206\u533a\u8868\u5e76\u5206\u533a<br \/>\n$ parted \/dev\/sdc &#8211;script mklabel gpt<br \/>\n$ parted \/dev\/sdc &#8211;script mkpart primary xfs 0% 50%<br \/>\n$ parted \/dev\/sdc &#8211;script mkpart primary xfs 50% 100%<\/p>\n<p># \u6216\u8005\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4<br \/>\n$ parted \/dev\/sdc &#8211;script \\\\<br \/>\n  mklabel gpt \\\\<br \/>\n  mkpart primary xfs 0% 50% \\\\<br \/>\n  mkpart primary xfs 50% 100%<\/p>\n<p>2. \u5206\u533a\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0e\u6807\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<p># \u4e3a\u5206\u533a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u540d\u79f0&#xff08;GPT\u7279\u6709&#xff09;<br \/>\n(parted) name 1 &#034;web_data&#034;<\/p>\n<p># \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u533a\u6807\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u5982boot\u3001raid\u3001lvm\u7b49<br \/>\n(parted) set 1 boot on<br \/>\n(parted) set 2 lvm on<\/p>\n<p># \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u6807\u5fd7<br \/>\n(parted) help set<\/p>\n<p>3. \u6551\u63f4\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u5206\u533a<\/p>\n<p># \u5c1d\u8bd5\u6062\u590d\u88ab\u8bef\u5220\u7684\u5206\u533a<br \/>\n(parted) rescue START END<br \/>\n# parted\u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4&#xff0c;\u5bfb\u627e\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5206\u533a\u8fb9\u754c<\/p>\n<p>4. \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<p># \u8c03\u6574parted\u7684I\/O\u53c2\u6570&#xff08;\u5927\u78c1\u76d8\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u6709\u7528&#xff09;<br \/>\n$ parted -a optimal \/dev\/sdb<br \/>\n# -a\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u9f50\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff1a;none, cylinder, minimal, optimal<\/p>\n<h4>4.4 \u9e92\u9e9fV10\u7279\u5b9a\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528parted\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bf9\u9f50\u7b56\u7565&#xff1a;\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u7684parted 3.3\u7248\u672c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528optimal\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5927\u591a\u6570SSD\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9<\/li>\n<li>NVMe\u652f\u6301&#xff1a;\u786e\u4fdd\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u652f\u6301NVMe\u7684Discard&#xff08;TRIM&#xff09;\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\/sys\/block\/nvme0n1\/queue\/discard_*\u6587\u4ef6\u68c0\u67e5<\/li>\n<li>\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7&#xff1a;\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u5185\u7f6e\u7684iostat\u3001sar\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7\u5206\u533a\u5bf9\u9f50\u540e\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6539\u5584<\/li>\n<p># \u68c0\u67e5TRIM\u652f\u6301<br \/>\n$ cat \/sys\/block\/nvme0n1\/queue\/discard_max_bytes<br \/>\n2147483648<\/p>\n<p># \u542f\u7528\u5b9a\u671fTRIM&#xff08;fstrim&#xff09;<br \/>\n$ systemctl enable fstrim.timer<br \/>\n$ systemctl start fstrim.timer<\/p>\n<h3>5. \u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\u89e3\u6790&#xff1a;\u91d1\u878d\u5ba2\u6237\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u56de\u5230\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u5934\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u91d1\u878d\u5ba2\u6237\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u5b58\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;1&#xff09;4TB SSD\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86MBR\u5206\u533a&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u9645\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u75282TB&#xff1b;2&#xff09;\u5206\u533a\u672a\u5bf9\u9f50&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u8fbe\u6807&#xff1b;3&#xff09;\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\u5185\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u7406\u6df7\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u5206\u4e09\u6b65\u5b9e\u65bd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff1a;\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u8fc1\u79fb\u89c4\u5212<\/p>\n<p># \u4f7f\u7528rsync\u8fdb\u884c\u5728\u7ebf\u6570\u636e\u8fc1\u79fb<br \/>\n$ rsync -avz &#8211;progress \/data\/old\/ user&#064;backup-server:\/backup\/<\/p>\n<p># \u521b\u5efaLVM\u5feb\u7167\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u91cd\u5907\u4efd<br \/>\n$ lvcreate -L 100G -s -n data_snap \/dev\/vg_data\/lv_original<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65&#xff1a;\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u533a\u4e0e\u5bf9\u9f50\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n<p># \u4f7f\u7528parted\u521b\u5efaGPT\u5206\u533a\u8868&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd1MB\u5bf9\u9f50<br \/>\n$ parted \/dev\/nvme0n1 &#8211;script \\\\<br \/>\n  mklabel gpt \\\\<br \/>\n  mkpart primary 1MiB 500GiB \\\\<br \/>\n  mkpart primary 500GiB 1500GiB \\\\<br \/>\n  mkpart primary 1500GiB 3000GiB \\\\<br \/>\n  mkpart primary 3000GiB 100%<\/p>\n<p># \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5206\u533a\u5bf9\u9f50<br \/>\n$ for i in {1..4}; do<br \/>\n    parted \/dev\/nvme0n1 align-check opt $i<br \/>\n  done<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65&#xff1a;\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u6302\u8f7d<\/p>\n<p># \u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u9014\u9009\u62e9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<br \/>\n$ mkfs.xfs -f -d agcount&#061;16 -l size&#061;128m -n ftype&#061;1 \/dev\/nvme0n1p1  # \u6570\u636e\u5e93<br \/>\n$ mkfs.ext4 -F -O metadata_csum,64bit \/dev\/nvme0n1p2  # \u65e5\u5fd7<br \/>\n$ mkfs.xfs -f \/dev\/nvme0n1p3  # \u5907\u4efd<\/p>\n<p># \u4f18\u5316\u6302\u8f7d\u53c2\u6570<br \/>\n$ cat &gt;&gt; \/etc\/fstab &lt;&lt; EOF<br \/>\n# \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5206\u533a&#xff1a;noatime\u51cf\u5c11\u5143\u6570\u636e\u5199&#xff0c;largeio\u4f18\u5316\u5927I\/O<br \/>\n\/dev\/nvme0n1p1 \/data\/db xfs noatime,nodiratime,largeio 0 0<br \/>\n# \u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u533a&#xff1a;data&#061;writeback\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd&#xff0c;barrier&#061;0\u5728UPS\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u53ef\u8003\u8651<br \/>\n\/dev\/nvme0n1p2 \/data\/log ext4 defaults,data&#061;writeback 0 0<br \/>\nEOF<\/p>\n<p>\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4ee4\u4eba\u6ee1\u610f&#xff1a;\u53ef\u7528\u5bb9\u91cf\u4ece2TB\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u76843.7TB&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u968f\u673a\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u534722%&#xff0c;\u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u65b0\u7684GPT\u5206\u533a\u8868\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6269\u5bb9\u94fa\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def\u2014\u2014\u5ba2\u6237\u8ba1\u5212\u660e\u5e74\u5c06\u78c1\u76d8\u5347\u7ea7\u52308TB&#xff0c;\u5c4a\u65f6\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u533a&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u6269\u5bb9\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u6700\u5927\u542f\u793a\u662f&#xff1a;\u5206\u533a\u8868\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u6280\u672f\u51b3\u7b56&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u65e0\u8bba\u662fMBR\u8fd8\u662fGPT&#xff0c;\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6d41\u7a0b\u6765\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6b63\u5728\u89c4\u5212\u6216\u4f18\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f&#xff0c;\u6211\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u770b\u773c\u524d\u7684\u9700\u6c42&#xff0c;\u8981\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u7559\u51fa\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5f80\u5f80\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u521d\u671f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6295\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MBR vs GPT\u6df1\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6bd4&#xff1a;\u5728\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5206\u533a\u65b9\u6848&#xff1f;\u9644\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e<br \/>\n\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u91d1\u878d\u5ba2\u6237\u505a\u9e92\u9e9fV10\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u770b\u4f3c\u57fa\u7840\u5374\u5f71\u54cd\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;\u65b0\u91c7\u8d2d\u76844TB NVMe SSD\u6570\u636e\u76d8&#xff0c;\u5230\u5e95\u8be5\u7528MBR\u8fd8\u662fGPT\u5206\u533a\u8868&#xff1f;\u56e2\u961f\u91cc\u51e0\u4f4d\u8d44\u6df1\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5404\u6267\u4e00\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u6709\u4eba\u575a\u6301MBR\u7b80\u5355\u7a33\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u6709\u4eba\u4e3b\u5f20GPT\u624d\u662f\u672a\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230&#xff0c;\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u6280\u672f\u5feb\u901f\u8fed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[8314,8313,5796,381],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-76729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-8314","tag-8313","tag-5796","tag-381"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>MBR vs 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