{"id":76369,"date":"2026-02-22T10:41:28","date_gmt":"2026-02-22T02:41:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76369.html"},"modified":"2026-02-22T10:41:28","modified_gmt":"2026-02-22T02:41:28","slug":"%e6%a8%a1%e6%8b%9f%e9%9d%a2%e8%af%95%ef%bc%9a%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b7%e5%8f%8d%e6%98%a0%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%8d%a1%e9%a1%bf-%ef%bc%8c-%e4%bd%a0%e4%bc%9a%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e6%8e%92%e6%9f%a5%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76369.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6a21\u62df\u9762\u8bd5\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u53cd\u6620\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5361\u987f \uff0c \u4f60\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6392\u67e5\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 style=\"background-color:transparent\">\u5e8f\u7ae0&#xff1a;\u4e00\u573a\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u9762\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u201c\u53ee\u2014\u2014\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7535\u68af\u95e8\u572818\u697c\u7f13\u7f13\u6253\u5f00&#xff0c;\u6211\u6df1\u5438\u4e00\u53e3\u6c14&#xff0c;\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\u7565\u5e26\u8936\u76b1\u7684\u886c\u886b\u3002\u4eca\u5929&#xff0c;\u662f\u6211&#xff0c;\u5c0f\u660e&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u5373\u5c06\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u672c\u79d1\u751f&#xff0c;\u6311\u6218\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u201c\u9762\u8bd5\u5fc5\u95ee&#xff0c;\u95ee\u5012\u4e00\u7247\u201d\u7684XX\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8SRE&#xff08;\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08&#xff09;\u5c97\u4f4d\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u5f85\u6211\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u53d1\u91cf\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u6df1\u5ea6\u6210\u53cd\u6bd4\u7684\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98&#xff0c;\u5de5\u724c\u4e0a\u5199\u7740\u201c\u8001\u738b\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u548c\u853c\u53ef\u4eb2&#xff0c;\u4f46\u955c\u7247\u540e\u95ea\u70c1\u7684\u7cbe\u5149&#xff0c;\u4eff\u4f5b\u80fd\u770b\u7a7f\u6211\u7b80\u5386\u4e0a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7684\u542b\u91d1\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5f00\u573a\u767d\u540e&#xff0c;\u8001\u738b\u8eab\u4f53\u5fae\u5fae\u524d\u503e&#xff0c;\u9732\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u7b49\u5230\u4f60\u201d\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u5fae\u7b11&#xff0c;\u629b\u51fa\u4e86\u90a3\u4e2a\u8ba9\u65e0\u6570\u82f1\u96c4\u7ade\u6298\u8170\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u200d\u201c\u5c0f\u660e\u554a&#xff0c;\u5047\u5982\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u5468\u4e94\u665a\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u4f60\u6b63\u51c6\u5907\u4eab\u53d7\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u5468\u672b\u3002\u7a81\u7136&#xff0c;\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ecf\u7406\u706b\u6025\u706b\u71ce\u5730\u7ed9\u4f60\u6253\u7535\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u2018\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7528\u6237\u75af\u4e86&#xff0c;\u90fd\u5728\u6295\u8bc9\u7f51\u7ad9\u5361\u5f97\u50cf\u5728\u6708\u7403\u4e0a\u51b2\u6d6a&#xff01;\u2019&#xff0c;\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u4f60\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6392\u67e5&#xff1f;\u201d\u200d<\/p>\n<p>\u6765\u4e86&#xff0c;\u5b83\u6765\u4e86&#xff01;\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e8b\u6545\u593a\u547dCall\u201d\u573a\u666f\u9898\u00a0&#xff01;<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5185\u5fc3\u4e00\u9635\u7a83\u559c&#xff0c;\u5e78\u597d\u65e9\u6709\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u6211\u6e05\u4e86\u6e05\u55d3\u5b50&#xff0c;\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e0d\u6309\u5957\u8def\u51fa\u724c&#xff0c;\u7528\u6211\u7cbe\u5fc3\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u201c\u4fa6\u63a2\u7834\u6848\u201d\u601d\u8def\u6765\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u738b\u54e5&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u975e\u5e38\u597d&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u60ac\u7591\u6848\u4ef6\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u2018\u6280\u672f\u4fa6\u63a2\u2019&#xff0c;\u6211\u4e0d\u4f1a\u60ca\u614c\u5931\u63aa&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f1a\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u5957\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u2018\u7834\u6848\u6d41\u7a0b\u2019\u6765\u63ea\u51fa\u2018\u6027\u80fd\u7f6a\u72af\u2019\u3002\u6211\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u6b65&#xff1a;\u7b2c\u4e00\u54cd\u5e94&#xff1a;\u52d8\u5bdf\u73b0\u573a&#xff0c;\u7a33\u5b9a\u4eba\u5fc3&#xff1b;\u6df1\u5165\u8c03\u67e5&#xff1a;\u987a\u85e4\u6478\u74dc&#xff0c;\u9501\u5b9a\u771f\u51f6&#xff1b;\u4ee5\u53ca\u6848\u540e\u590d\u76d8&#xff1a;\u5efa\u6863\u5f52\u6848&#xff0c;\u9632\u60a3\u672a\u7136\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u8001\u738b\u7709\u6bdb\u4e00\u6311&#xff0c;\u9976\u6709\u5174\u81f4\u5730\u63a8\u4e86\u63a8\u773c\u955c&#xff1a;\u201c\u54e6&#xff1f;\u6709\u70b9\u610f\u601d&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4f60\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u8bf4\u4f60\u7684\u2018\u7834\u6848\u4e09\u90e8\u66f2\u2019&#xff1f;\u201d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"background-color:transparent\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e55&#xff1a;\u52d8\u5bdf\u73b0\u573a&#xff0c;\u7a33\u5b9a\u4eba\u5fc3 (The First Response)<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u7a33\u4f4f\u5fc3\u795e&#xff0c;\u5f00\u59cb\u5a13\u5a13\u9053\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u9996\u5148&#xff0c;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u54cd\u5e94\u4eba&#xff0c;\u6211\u7684\u9996\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5934\u624e\u8fdb\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u50cf\u5211\u8b66\u5230\u8fbe\u6848\u53d1\u73b0\u573a\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u5148\u62c9\u8d77\u8b66\u6212\u7ebf&#xff0c;\u63a7\u5236\u5c40\u52bf&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5bf9\u73b0\u573a\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u6b65\u52d8\u5bdf\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff1a;\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u201c\u5361\u201d\u90fd\u53eb\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5361\u201d\u200d<\/h4>\n<p>\u201c\u63a5\u5230\u7535\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u6211\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u5c31SSH\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u6211\u4f1a\u5148\u53cd\u95ee\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ecf\u7406\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u8be2\u95ee\u62a5\u6848\u4eba\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5bf9\u4e86\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u5411\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<li>\u200d\u201c\u2018\u5361\u2019\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;\u201d\u200d \u662f\u7f51\u7ad9\u6240\u6709\u9875\u9762\u90fd\u6162&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd&#xff08;\u6bd4\u5982\u652f\u4ed8\u3001\u641c\u7d22&#xff09;\u6162&#xff1f;\u662f\u56fe\u7247\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662fAPI\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d85\u65f6&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u80fd\u5e2e\u6211\u5feb\u901f\u7f29\u5c0f\u201c\u6848\u53d1\u8303\u56f4\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200d\u201c\u2018\u5361\u2019\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u8303\u56f4\u6709\u591a\u5927&#xff1f;\u201d\u200d \u662f\u5168\u56fd\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u5361&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u3001\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5361&#xff1f;\u5982\u679c\u662f\u540e\u8005&#xff0c;\u90a3\u201c\u72af\u7f6a\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u201d\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u67d0\u4e2aCDN\u8282\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u6216\u8005\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\u00a0\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u6211\u5c31\u5f97\u8bf7\u51fa\u6211\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u52d8\u5bdf\u5de5\u5177\u7bb1\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200d\u201c\u2018\u5361\u2019\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5f00\u59cb\u7684&#xff1f;\u201d\u200d \u662f\u7a81\u7136\u53d1\u751f\u7684&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1f;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u68c0\u67e5\u6700\u8fd1\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0a\u7ebf\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u53d8\u66f4\u3001\u6216\u8005\u8fd0\u8425\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d41\u91cf\u7a81\u589e\u3002\u8fd9\u53eb\u201c\u4f5c\u6848\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u67e5\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u2018\u7075\u9b42\u4e09\u95ee\u2019&#xff0c;\u6211\u5c31\u80fd\u5bf9\u2018\u6848\u60c5\u2019\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u666e\u904d\u6027\u53d8\u6162&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u2018\u6848\u53d1\u73b0\u573a\u2019\u5c31\u57fa\u672c\u9501\u5b9a\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u624d\u4f1a\u6b63\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u2018\u73b0\u573a\u52d8\u5bdf\u2019\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65&#xff1a;\u68c0\u67e5\u201c\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u5f81\u201d\u2014\u2014\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807<\/h4>\n<p>\u201c\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5230\u5904\u4e71\u7ffb&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u4f1a\u50cf\u6cd5\u533b\u68c0\u67e5\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u5f81\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u8fc5\u901f\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6307\u6807&#xff1a;CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58&#xff08;Memory&#xff09;\u3001\u78c1\u76d8I\/O&#xff08;Disk I\/O&#xff09;\u548c\u7f51\u7edcI\/O&#xff08;Network I\/O&#xff09;\u200d\u00a0\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840&#xff0c;\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u4e0a\u9732\u51fa\u9a6c\u811a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u8001\u738b\u70b9\u70b9\u5934&#xff0c;\u8ffd\u95ee\u9053&#xff1a;\u201c\u5f88\u597d&#xff0c;\u601d\u8def\u5f88\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u90a3\u4f60\u4f1a\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u5462&#xff1f;\u5177\u4f53\u600e\u4e48\u770b&#xff1f;\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u95ee\u5f97\u597d&#xff0c;\u738b\u54e5&#xff01;\u4e3a\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u67e5&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f3a\u5927\u800c\u8f7b\u4fbf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u7684\u2018\u653e\u5927\u955c\u2019\u548c\u2018\u542c\u8bca\u5668\u2019\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<h5>1. CPU&#xff1a;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u201c\u5927\u8111\u201d\u662f\u5426\u8fc7\u8f7d&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<p>\u201cCPU\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6838\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u5c31\u50cf\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u8111\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5927\u8111\u601d\u8003\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6765&#xff0c;\u4eba\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u2018\u5361\u2019\u4f4f\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u7528\u00a0top\u00a0\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u00a0htop\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770bCPU\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p># \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165 top \u547d\u4ee4<br \/>\ntop &#8211; 14:25:30 up 30 days,  4:15,  1 user,  load average: 8.88, 5.15, 4.20<br \/>\nTasks: 250 total,   1 running, 249 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie<br \/>\n%Cpu(s): 99.0 us,  0.5 sy,  0.0 ni,  0.2 id,  0.1 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.2 si,  0.0 st<br \/>\nKiB Mem : 16267232 total,  150234 free, 12010232 used,  4106766 buff\/cache<br \/>\nKiB Swap:  8388604 total,  2047388 free,  6341216 used.  3569876 avail Mem<\/p>\n<p>  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU %MEM     TIME&#043; COMMAND<br \/>\n12345 myapp     20   0   12.5g   6.8g  15888 S 792.0 44.5   150:25.88 java<br \/>\n&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u00a0top\u00a0\u7684\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u6211\u5c31\u4f1a\u50cf\u4fa6\u63a2\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u7ebf\u7d22\u4e00\u6837\u5174\u594b\u3002\u6211\u4f1a\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u51e0\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>load average\u00a0(\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u5747\u503c)&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57&#xff08;1\u5206\u949f\u30015\u5206\u949f\u300115\u5206\u949f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d&#xff09;\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u6307\u6807\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u4fd7\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u662f&#xff0c;\u628aCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u7684\u6536\u8d39\u8f66\u9053\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u67098\u4e2aCPU\u6838\u5fc3&#xff0c;load average\u00a0\u957f\u671f\u9ad8\u4e8e8&#xff0c;\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u7b49\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4efb\u52a1&#xff08;\u8f66\u8f86&#xff09;\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u6536\u8d39\u7ad9\u524d\u6392\u8d77\u4e86\u957f\u961f&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u80af\u5b9a\u4f1a\u611f\u89c9\u5361\u987f\u00a0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>%Cpu(s)\u00a0\u884c\u7684\u00a0us\u00a0(user time) \u548c\u00a0sy\u00a0(system time)&#xff1a;us\u9ad8\u8868\u793a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff08;\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u7684Java\u5e94\u7528&#xff09;\u5728\u75af\u72c2\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002sy\u9ad8\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5185\u6838\u6001\u5728\u5fd9&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u662fI\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u8005\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u9891\u7e41\u3002<\/li>\n<li>%Cpu(s)\u00a0\u884c\u7684\u00a0wa\u00a0(iowait)&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u5982\u679c\u5f88\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660eCPU\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210&#xff0c;\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u5f88\u95f2&#xff0c;\u4f46\u88ab\u78c1\u76d8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u2018\u732a\u961f\u53cb\u2019\u62d6\u7d2f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u2018\u6848\u60c5\u2019\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u8f6c\u5411\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u8c03\u67e5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868&#xff1a;\u6211\u4f1a\u6309\u00a0P\u00a0\u952e&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6309CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u4e00\u773c\u5c31\u80fd\u63ea\u51fa\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u6d88\u8017CPU\u7684\u2018\u5934\u53f7\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u2019\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc&#xff0c;PID\u4e3a12345\u7684java\u8fdb\u7a0b\u663e\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u2018\u7f6a\u9b41\u7978\u9996\u2019&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u5c06\u8fd1800%\u7684CPU&#xff08;\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u8dd1\u5728\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u4e0a&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>2. \u5185\u5b58&#xff1a;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u201c\u529e\u516c\u684c\u201d\u662f\u5426\u6742\u4e71\u65e0\u7ae0&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<p>\u201c\u5982\u679cCPU\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5927&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u63a5\u7740\u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u529e\u516c\u684c&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u5806\u6ee1\u4e86\u4e1c\u897f&#xff0c;\u627e\u4e00\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u6570\u636e&#xff09;\u5c31\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u6162&#xff0c;\u751a\u81f3\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u4ed3\u5e93&#xff08;Swap\u5206\u533a&#xff09;\u91cc\u7ffb\u7bb1\u5012\u67dc&#xff0c;\u90a3\u6548\u7387\u5c31\u66f4\u4f4e\u4e86\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u4f1a\u7528\u00a0free -h\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p># \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165 free -h<br \/>\n              total        used        free      shared  buff\/cache   available<br \/>\nMem:           15G         11G        146M        1.0G        4.0G        3.4G<br \/>\nSwap:         8.0G        6.0G        2.0G<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u51e0\u4e2a\u70b9&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>free\u00a0\u5217&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u5f88\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u5148\u522b\u614c\u3002Linux\u4f1a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u5229\u7528\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58\u505a\u7f13\u5b58&#xff08;buff\/cache&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<li>available\u00a0\u5217&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u4f9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u5185\u5b58\u538b\u529b\u5f88\u5927\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Swap\u00a0\u7684\u00a0used&#xff1a;\u5982\u679cSwap\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5371\u9669\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7&#xff01;\u8bf4\u660e\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5df2\u7ecf\u8017\u5c3d&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u59cb\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u76d8\u6765\u5145\u5f53\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u5185\u5b58\u6162\u51e0\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d&#xff0c;\u5361\u987f\u611f\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u5185\u5b58\u4ea4\u6362&#xff08;Swapping&#xff09;\u201d\u5730\u72f1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>3. \u78c1\u76d8I\/O&#xff1a;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u201c\u6863\u6848\u5ba4\u201d\u662f\u5426\u62e5\u5835&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<p>\u201cCPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u90fd\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898&#xff1f;\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8981\u53bb\u2018\u6863\u6848\u5ba4\u2019\u770b\u770b\u4e86\u3002\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u74f6\u9888&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u4f1a\u7528\u00a0iostat\u00a0\u6216\u8005\u00a0vmstat\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bca\u65adI\/O\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p># \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165 iostat -x 1<br \/>\navg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle<br \/>\n           2.50    0.00    1.50   35.80    0.00   60.20<\/p>\n<p>Device:         rrqm\/s   wrqm\/s     r\/s     w\/s    rkB\/s    wkB\/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz   await r_await w_await  svctm  %util<br \/>\nsda               0.00   120.00    0.00  450.00     0.00 12345.67    54.87   125.34  280.50    0.00  280.50   2.20  99.00<\/p>\n<p>\u201ciostat\u00a0\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u5e38\u4e30\u5bcc&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>%iowait&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u5728iostat\u548ctop\u91cc\u90fd\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u6301\u7eed\u5f88\u9ad8&#xff08;\u6bd4\u5982\u8d85\u8fc720%&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660eCPU\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5199&#xff0c;\u78c1\u76d8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/li>\n<li>%util&#xff1a;\u8868\u793a\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u7e41\u5fd9\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u63a5\u8fd1100%&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u5757\u78c1\u76d8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ee1\u8d1f\u8377\u8fd0\u8f6c\u4e86&#xff0c;\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u5904\u7406\u65b0\u7684I\/O\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li>avgqu-sz\u00a0(Average Queue Size)&#xff1a;\u5e73\u5747I\/O\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u5728\u6863\u6848\u5ba4\u95e8\u53e3\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u7740\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u592a\u957f&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>await\u00a0(Average Wait Time)&#xff1a;\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2aI\/O\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;\u5305\u62ec\u961f\u5217\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u6beb\u79d2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u8fc7\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u6620\u4e86I\/O\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201c\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u662f\u74f6\u9888&#xff0c;\u6211\u8fd8\u4f1a\u7528\u00a0iotop\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u5b83\u80fd\u50cftop\u663e\u793aCPU\u5360\u7528\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u75af\u72c2\u8bfb\u5199\u78c1\u76d8&#xff0c;\u63ea\u51fa\u2018\u6863\u6848\u5ba4\u7684\u6363\u86cb\u9b3c\u2019\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<h5>4. \u7f51\u7edcI\/O&#xff1a;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u201c\u7535\u8bdd\u7ebf\u201d\u662f\u5426\u7e41\u5fd9&#xff1f;<\/h5>\n<p>\u201c\u6700\u540e&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u8005\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u90fd\u8fd8\u7b97\u6b63\u5e38&#xff0c;\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u4f9d\u7136\u53cd\u9988\u5361\u987f&#xff0c;\u90a3\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u3002\u7f51\u7edcI\/O\u5c31\u50cf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u2018\u7535\u8bdd\u7ebf\u2019&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u7535\u8bdd\u7ebf\u88ab\u5360\u6ee1\u6216\u8005\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0d\u597d&#xff0c;\u6c9f\u901a\u6548\u7387\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u4f4e\u4e86\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u4f1a\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u6392\u67e5&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sar -n DEV 1&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u60c5\u51b5&#xff08;\u63a5\u6536rxkB\/s\u548c\u53d1\u9001txkB\/s&#xff09;\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6d41\u91cf\u63a5\u8fd1\u7f51\u5361\u5e26\u5bbd\u4e0a\u9650&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u5e26\u5bbd\u88ab\u6253\u6ee1\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<li>netstat -anp\u00a0\u6216\u00a0ss -anp&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u00a0\u3002\u6211\u4f1a\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u00a0TIME_WAIT\u00a0\u548c\u00a0CLOSE_WAIT\u00a0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u5f02\u5e38\u591a&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ping\u00a0\u548c\u00a0mtr&#xff1a;\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u4e22\u5305\u7387&#xff0c;\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5230\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u94fe\u8def\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u00a0\u3002mtr\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c24\u5176\u5f3a\u5927&#xff0c;\u5b83\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86ping\u548ctraceroute&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u8def\u7531\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u8df3\u4e0a\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u4e22\u5305\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201c\u81f3\u6b64&#xff0c;\u6211\u7684\u2018\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e55&#xff1a;\u52d8\u5bdf\u73b0\u573a\u2019\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u6211\u559d\u4e86\u53e3\u6c34&#xff0c;\u770b\u7740\u8001\u738b&#xff0c;\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u2018\u4f53\u68c0\u2019&#xff0c;\u6211\u901a\u5e38\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u5bf9\u2018\u6848\u60c5\u2019\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u5224\u65ad&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u662f\u2018CPU\u6740\u4eba\u6848\u2019\u3001\u2018\u5185\u5b58\u5931\u8e2a\u6848\u2019\u8fd8\u662f\u2018I\/O\u62e5\u5835\u6848\u2019\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e55&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5165\u8c03\u67e5&#xff0c;\u9501\u5b9a\u771f\u51f6&#xff01;\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u8001\u738b\u6ee1\u610f\u5730\u70b9\u70b9\u5934&#xff0c;\u793a\u610f\u6211\u7ee7\u7eed\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e55&#xff1a;\u6df1\u5165\u8c03\u67e5&#xff0c;\u987a\u85e4\u6478\u74dc (The Deep Dive)<\/h3>\n<p>\u201c\u738b\u54e5&#xff0c;\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e55\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5df2\u7ecf\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u2018\u5934\u53f7\u5acc\u7591\u5bf9\u8c61\u2019&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2aCPU\u5360\u7528\u7387\u6781\u9ad8\u7684Java\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u5757I\/O\u5feb\u8981\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e55\u7684\u4efb\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5acc\u7591\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u2018\u5ba1\u8baf\u2019\u548c\u2018\u53d6\u8bc1\u2019&#xff0c;\u627e\u5230\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b83\u4eec\u884c\u4e3a\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u5c06\u4ee5\u51e0\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u2018\u6848\u4ef6\u2019\u4e3a\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u6211\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u601d\u8def\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>\u6848\u4ef6\u4e00&#xff1a;CPU 100% \u7591\u4e91\u2014\u2014\u5bfb\u627e\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u201d\u200d<\/h4>\n<p>\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5728top\u91cc\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2aPID\u4e3a12345\u7684Java\u8fdb\u7a0b\u628aCPU\u5e72\u5230\u4e86100%\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff1a;\u627e\u51fa\u201c\u6700\u5fd9\u788c\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5458\u5de5\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cc\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u91cc\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5458\u5de5\u3002CEO&#xff08;\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff09;\u5f88\u5fd9&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u5458\u5de5&#xff08;\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff09;\u5728\u62fc\u547d\u52a0\u73ed\u3002\u6211\u4f1a\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u8017CPU\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<p># -H \u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u663e\u793a\u7ebf\u7a0b<br \/>\n# -p \u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/p>\n<p>ps -T -p 12345 -o tid,time,%cpu | sort -k3 -r<\/p>\n<p># \u6216\u8005\u7528 top -H -p 12345<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6309CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5fd9\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5b83\u7684ID&#xff08;TID&#xff09;\u662f12346\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65&#xff1a;\u83b7\u53d6\u201c\u72af\u7f6a\u8bc1\u636e\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6253\u5370\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5806\u6808<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5acc\u7591\u4eba&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u8bc1\u636e\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bc1\u636e\u5c31\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5806\u6808&#xff08;Thread Dump&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5b83\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u88ab\u2018\u6293\u4f4f\u2019\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b&#xff0c;\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u54ea\u4e00\u884c\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u9996\u5148&#xff0c;\u6211\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u00a012346\u00a0\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3ajstack\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u91cc\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u662f\u7528\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u7684\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>printf &#034;%x\\\\n&#034; 12346<br \/>\n# \u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u662f 303a<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u7136\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528JDK\u81ea\u5e26\u7684jstack\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6574\u4e2aJava\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5806\u6808&#xff0c;\u5e76\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u5206\u6790\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>jstack 12345 &gt; jstack.dump<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65&#xff1a;\u5206\u6790\u8bc1\u636e&#xff0c;\u9501\u5b9a\u201c\u72af\u7f6a\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u200d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6253\u5f00jstack.dump\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u641c\u7d22\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u624d\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u00a0303a\u3002\u5f88\u5feb&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&#034;pool-1-thread-1&#034; #12 prio&#061;5 os_prio&#061;0 tid&#061;0x00007f1a2c008800 nid&#061;0x303a runnable [0x00007f1a1a1ef000]<br \/>\n   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE<br \/>\n        at com.example.myproject.MyController.calculateSomething(MyController.java:101)<br \/>\n        at com.example.myproject.MyService.process(MyService.java:50)<br \/>\n        &#8230; (\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u6808)<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u770b\u5230java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14nid&#xff08;Native Thread ID&#xff09;\u662f0x303a&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u786e\u8ba4\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5806\u6808\u4fe1\u606f\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884cMyController.java\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c101\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u2018\u72af\u7f6a\u73b0\u573a\u2019&#xff01;\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6b64\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8054\u7cfb\u5f00\u53d1\u540c\u5b66&#xff0c;\u4e00\u8d77\u5ba1\u67e5MyController.java:101\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u2018\u771f\u51f6\u2019\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u88ab\u6211\u4eec\u6293\u4f4f\u4e86&#xff01;\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u6269\u5c55\u5185\u5bb9&#xff1a;JVM\u7684\u706b\u7130\u56fe&#xff08;Flame Graph&#xff09;\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5982\u679cjstack\u5206\u6790\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\u76f4\u89c2&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005CPU\u7684\u70ed\u70b9\u6bd4\u8f83\u5206\u6563&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982perf\u548cBrendan Gregg\u5927\u795e\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u706b\u7130\u56fe\u3002\u706b\u7130\u56fe\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u51faCPU\u7684\u8017\u65f6\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5757\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u65b9\u5757\u8d8a\u5bbd&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u5360\u7528\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u706b\u7130\u56fe&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u770b\u5730\u56fe\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u8f7b\u677e\u627e\u5230\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u70ed\u70b9&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u7b80\u76f4\u662f\u795e\u5668&#xff01;\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>\u6848\u4ef6\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7591\u6848\u2014\u2014\u201c\u53ea\u8fdb\u4e0d\u51fa\u201d\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u9ed1\u6d1e<\/h4>\n<p>\u201c\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684Swap\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;available\u5185\u5b58\u6301\u7eed\u51cf\u5c11&#xff0c;\u5373\u4fbf\u91cd\u542f\u5e94\u7528\u540e\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u53c8\u4f1a\u590d\u73b0&#xff0c;\u6211\u5c31\u4f1a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6000\u7591\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f&#xff08;Memory Leak&#xff09;\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u91cc\u6df7\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u2018\u8c94\u8c85\u2019&#xff0c;\u53ea\u541e\u566c\u8d44\u6e90&#xff08;\u5185\u5b58&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4ece\u4e0d\u91ca\u653e&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7&#xff08;\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff09;\u56e0\u8d44\u6e90\u67af\u7aed\u800c\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff1a;\u83b7\u53d6\u201c\u5185\u5b58\u5feb\u7167\u201d\u2014\u2014Heap Dump<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u8981\u8c03\u67e5\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5f97\u7ed9JVM\u7684\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u62cd\u4e2a\u2018CT\u2019&#xff0c;\u770b\u770b\u91cc\u9762\u5230\u5e95\u88c5\u4e86\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u2018CT\u2019\u5c31\u662f\u5806\u8f6c\u50a8&#xff08;Heap Dump&#xff09;\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u540c\u6837\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528JDK\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u5de5\u5177jmap\u6765\u751f\u6210\u5feb\u7167&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<p># -dump:format&#061;b,file&#061;&lt;filename&gt; \u8868\u793a\u751f\u6210\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u7684dump\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\njmap -dump:format&#061;b,file&#061;heap.hprof 12345<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u00a0\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6267\u884cjmap\u00a0dump\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u5fc3&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4JVM\u6682\u505c\u670d\u52a1&#xff08;Stop-The-World&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u6700\u597d\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f4e\u5cf0\u671f\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6eJVM\u53c2\u6570\u8ba9\u5b83\u5728OOM&#xff08;OutOfMemoryError&#xff09;\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210dump\u6587\u4ef6 (-XX:&#043;HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError)\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4e13\u4e1a\u6cd5\u533b\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u5c38\u68c0\u2014\u2014\u5206\u6790Heap Dump<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u62ff\u5230\u4e86heap.hprof\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51e0GB\u751a\u81f3\u51e0\u5341GB\u7684\u5927\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u8089\u773c\u662f\u6ca1\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u2018\u6cd5\u533b\u5de5\u5177\u2019&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u00a0Eclipse Memory Analyzer (MAT)\u00a0\u6216\u8005\u00a0JProfiler\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u4f1a\u628adump\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u672c\u5730&#xff0c;\u7528MAT\u6253\u5f00\u3002MAT\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927&#xff0c;\u5b83\u80fd\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u6790&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u652f\u914d\u6811&#xff08;Dominator Tree&#xff09;\u200d&#xff1a;\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6cc4\u6f0f\u5acc\u7591\u62a5\u544a&#xff08;Leak Suspects Report&#xff09;\u200d&#xff1a;MAT\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u201c\u5acc\u7591\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u8c61\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00&#xff08;OQL&#xff09;\u200d&#xff1a;\u7c7b\u4f3cSQL&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u7c7b&#xff08;\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001\u7684HashMap&#xff09;\u88ab\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4ece\u672a\u88ab\u79fb\u9664&#xff1b;\u6216\u8005\u67d0\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff08;\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4&#xff09;\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5173\u95ed&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u6301\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u56de\u6536\u3002\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u2018\u5185\u5b58\u8c94\u8c85\u2019&#xff0c;\u6848\u4ef6\u5c31\u544a\u7834\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>\u6848\u4ef6\u4e09&#xff1a;\u6162SQL\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u201c\u8840\u6848\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u58f0\u5c16\u53eb\u201d\u200d<\/h4>\n<p>\u201c\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u98ce\u5e73\u6d6a\u9759&#xff0c;CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u90fd\u4e0d\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5e94\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u6162\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u2018\u60ac\u6848\u2019\u7684\u5e55\u540e\u9ed1\u624b&#xff0c;\u5341\u6709\u516b\u4e5d\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u8d70\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6162\u67e5\u8be2&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u751a\u81f3\u4e0a\u5343\u4e07\u884c\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u5e93CPU\u98d9\u5347&#xff0c;\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u7e41\u5fd9&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u9501\u5b9a\u8868&#xff0c;\u963b\u585e\u5176\u4ed6\u6b63\u5e38\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u707e\u96be\u6027\u7684\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff1a;\u63ea\u51fa\u201c\u6162\u52a8\u4f5c\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5f00\u542f\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8eMySQL\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u786e\u4fdd\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff08;Slow Query Log&#xff09;\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc7\u9884\u8bbe\u9608\u503c&#xff08;\u6bd4\u59821\u79d2&#xff09;\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7834\u6848\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\u6765\u6e90\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65&#xff1a;\u73b0\u573a\u6293\u5305\u2014\u2014SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\u6ca1\u5f00&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u6211\u60f3\u5b9e\u65f6\u770b\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6b63\u5728\u5fd9\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u767b\u5f55\u5230MySQL&#xff0c;\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<p>SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST;<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u6709\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u00a0\u3002\u6211\u4f1a\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8Time\u5217&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5df2\u7ecf\u51e0\u5341\u79d2\u751a\u81f3\u51e0\u767e\u79d2\u4e86&#xff0c;\u90a3\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u91cd\u70b9\u2018\u5acc\u7591SQL\u2019\u3002\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;State\u5217\u4e5f\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f88\u591a\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982Sending data\u3001Copying to tmp table on disk\u7b49\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65&#xff1a;\u89e3\u5256SQL\u2014\u2014EXPLAIN<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u9501\u5b9a\u4e86\u5acc\u7591SQL\u540e&#xff0c;\u5c31\u5f97\u5bf9\u5b83\u8fdb\u884c\u2018\u89e3\u5256\u2019&#xff0c;\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212&#xff08;Execution Plan&#xff09;\u5230\u5e95\u54ea\u91cc\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002EXPLAIN\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u2018\u624b\u672f\u5200\u2019\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_name &#061; &#039;\u5c0f\u660e&#039;;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEXPLAIN\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u591a\u79d8\u5bc6&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>type&#xff1a;\u8fde\u63a5\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662fALL&#xff0c;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u6740\u624b&#xff01;\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5e94\u8be5\u662fref\u3001eq_ref\u6216\u8005range\u3002<\/li>\n<li>possible_keys\u00a0\u548c\u00a0key&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u67e5\u8be2\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u5230\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u7528\u5230\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u5982\u679ckey\u662fNULL&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/li>\n<li>rows&#xff1a;\u9884\u4f30\u626b\u63cf\u7684\u884c\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u8d8a\u5c0f\u8d8a\u597d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Extra&#xff1a;\u989d\u5916\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0Using filesort&#xff08;\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f&#xff09;\u6216\u8005Using temporary&#xff08;\u4f7f\u7528\u4e34\u65f6\u8868&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f73\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201c\u901a\u8fc7EXPLAIN&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u7cbe\u51c6\u5730\u8bca\u65ad\u51faSQL\u6162\u7684\u539f\u56e0&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982customer_name\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u7136\u540e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u75c7\u4e0b\u836f\u2014\u2014\u6dfb\u52a0\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7d22\u5f15&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u4f18\u5316SQL\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002\u4e00\u573a\u7531\u6162SQL\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u2018\u8840\u6848\u2019\u5c31\u6b64\u5e73\u606f\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u8bb2\u5f97\u53e3\u5e72\u820c\u71e5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u770b\u5230\u8001\u738b\u773c\u4e2d\u8d5e\u8bb8\u7684\u5149\u8292&#xff0c;\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u503c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5c0f\u660e&#xff0c;\u4f60\u8bb2\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6df1\u5165&#xff0c;\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u5230\u5e94\u7528&#xff0c;\u518d\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u903b\u8f91\u6e05\u6670&#xff0c;\u5de5\u5177\u8fd0\u7528\u719f\u7ec3&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u55bb\u4e5f\u5f88\u751f\u52d5\u5f62\u8c61\u00a0\u3002\u90a3\u4e48&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u201d\u8001\u738b\u8eab\u4f53\u518d\u6b21\u524d\u503e&#xff0c;\u8bed\u6c14\u53d8\u5f97\u4e25\u8083\u8d77\u6765&#xff0c;\u201c\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5462&#xff1f;\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u4e07\u4e8b\u5927\u5409\u4e86&#xff1f;\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u6211\u77e5\u9053&#xff0c;\u662f\u5728\u8003\u5bdf\u6211\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u5fc3\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u6211\u201c\u7834\u6848\u4e09\u90e8\u66f2\u201d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5e55&#xff1a;\u6848\u540e\u590d\u76d8&#xff0c;\u9632\u60a3\u672a\u7136 (The Post-Mortem)<\/h3>\n<p>\u201c\u738b\u54e5&#xff0c;\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u53ea\u662f\u2018\u6280\u672f\u4fa6\u63a2\u2019\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u534a&#xff0c;\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4efd\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u2018\u7ed3\u6848\u62a5\u544a\u2019&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u5957\u2018\u9884\u9632\u72af\u7f6a\u2019\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u5e55&#xff1a;\u6848\u540e\u590d\u76d8&#xff0c;\u9632\u60a3\u672a\u7136\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff1a;\u7f16\u5199\u201c\u7ed3\u6848\u62a5\u544a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e8b\u6545\u590d\u76d8&#xff08;Post-Mortem&#xff09;\u200d<\/h4>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u4f1a\u63a8\u52a8\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e00\u6b21\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u8d23&#xff08;Blameless&#xff09;\u7684\u4e8b\u6545\u590d\u76d8\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u662f\u8ffd\u7a76\u2018\u8c01\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u2019&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u2018\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u2019\u3001\u2018\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u2019\u4ee5\u53ca\u2018\u5982\u4f55\u9632\u6b62\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u751f\u2019\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5171\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4efd\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4e8b\u6545\u62a5\u544a&#xff0c;\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec&#xff1a;\u201d<\/p>\n<li>\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf&#xff08;Timeline&#xff09;\u200d&#xff1a;\u4ece\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u3001\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u5230\u6062\u590d\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f71\u54cd\u8303\u56f4&#xff08;Impact&#xff09;\u200d&#xff1a;\u4e8b\u6545\u5bf9\u591a\u5c11\u7528\u6237\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e1a\u52a1\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u591a\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u5206\u6790&#xff08;Root Cause Analysis&#xff09;\u200d&#xff1a;\u8fd0\u7528\u201c\u4e94\u4e2a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff08;5 Whys&#xff09;\u201d\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u6df1\u5165\u6316\u6398\u5bfc\u81f4\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8868\u9762\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u6bd4\u5982&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u8bf4\u201c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u6162SQL\u201d&#xff0c;\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u95ee\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u6709\u6162SQL\u4e0a\u7ebf&#xff1f;\u201d&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u6ca1\u53d1\u73b0\u201d&#xff0c;\u518d\u95ee\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u6ca1\u53d1\u73b0&#xff1f;\u201d&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684SQL\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u884c\u52a8\u9879&#xff08;Action Items&#xff09;\u200d&#xff1a;\u5236\u5b9a\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3001\u6709\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba&#xff08;Owner&#xff09;\u548c\u622a\u6b62\u65e5\u671f&#xff08;DDL&#xff09;\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/li>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65&#xff1a;\u5efa\u7acb\u201c\u5929\u7f51\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5b8c\u5584\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66<\/h4>\n<p>\u201c\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u7ebf\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5148\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u7684&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u5341\u5206\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u00a0\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u505a\u5230\u2018\u672a\u535c\u5148\u77e5\u2019&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u2018\u5929\u7f51\u2019\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u80fd\u8986\u76d6\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6211\u7761\u89c9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u5162\u5162\u4e1a\u4e1a\u5730\u7ad9\u5c97\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u50cf\u00a0Prometheus &#043; Grafana\u00a0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u7ec4\u5408&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u5546\u4e1a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5982\u00a0Zabbix\u3001Datadog\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Metrics (\u6307\u6807\u76d1\u63a7)&#xff1a;\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u91c7\u96c6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6307\u6807&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6307\u6807&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982JVM\u7684GC\u6b21\u6570\u548c\u8017\u65f6\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5ea6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001API\u7684QPS\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Logging (\u65e5\u5fd7\u805a\u5408)&#xff1a;\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)\u00a0\u6216\u8005\u00a0Loki\u00a0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u805a\u5408\u5206\u6790\u5e73\u53f0&#xff0c;\u628a\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u8d77\u6765\u00a0\u3002\u8fd9\u6837&#xff0c;\u5728\u6392\u67e5\u95ee\u9898\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u4e00\u53f0\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53bb\u7ffb\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e86&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\u00a0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Tracing (\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ffd\u8e2a)&#xff1a;\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6d41\u7ecf\u5341\u51e0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8981\u5b9a\u4f4d\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u6162\u4e86&#xff0c;\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u00a0Jaeger\u00a0\u6216\u00a0Zipkin\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u50cfGPS\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u63cf\u7ed8\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u548c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u8017\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u65e0\u6240\u9041\u5f62\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201c\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u9608\u503c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982&#xff0c;\u5f53\u2018load average\u2019\u6301\u7eed5\u5206\u949f\u8d85\u8fc7CPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u768480%&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005API\u7684P99\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc7500ms\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u81ea\u52a8\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u3001\u6216\u8005\u4f01\u4e1a\u5fae\u4fe1\u544a\u8b66&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u2018\u4fa6\u63a2\u2019\u80fd\u5728\u2018\u7f6a\u72af\u2019\u9020\u6210\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7834\u574f\u524d\u5c31\u4ecb\u5165\u8c03\u67e5\u00a0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65&#xff1a;\u5f15\u5165\u201c\u72af\u7f6a\u9884\u9632\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/h4>\n<p>\u201c\u6700\u540e&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u8fdb\u6d41\u7a0b\u548c\u5f15\u5165\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u9884\u9632\u540c\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5&#xff08;Code 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