{"id":76307,"date":"2026-02-22T07:25:22","date_gmt":"2026-02-21T23:25:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html"},"modified":"2026-02-22T07:25:22","modified_gmt":"2026-02-21T23:25:22","slug":"php%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88-%e7%b4%a2%e5%bc%95%e5%a4%b1%e6%95%88%e5%9c%ba%e6%99%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html","title":{"rendered":"php\u65b9\u6848 \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f"},"content":{"rendered":"

—<\/span> MySQL \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f\u5b8c\u6574\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 1.<\/span> \u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5931\u6548 ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> orders WHERE<\/span> DATE<\/span>(<\/span>created_at)<\/span> =<\/span> '2024-01-01'<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> SUBSTRING<\/span>(<\/span>name,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> '\u5f20'<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> products WHERE<\/span> UPPER<\/span>(<\/span>name)<\/span> =<\/span> 'IPHONE'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> orders WHERE<\/span> created_at >=<\/span> '2024-01-01'<\/span> AND<\/span> created_at <<\/span> '2024-01-02'<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name LIKE<\/span> '\u5f20%'<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> products WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> 'iPhone'<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u4f7f\u7528 COLLATE<\/span> \u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 2.<\/span> \u9690\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362 ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b（phone \u662f VARCHAR<\/span>）
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> phone =<\/span> 13800138000<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> orders WHERE<\/span> order_no =<\/span> 202401010001<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> phone =<\/span> '13800138000'<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> orders WHERE<\/span> order_no =<\/span> '202401010001'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 3.<\/span> \u6a21\u7cca\u67e5\u8be2 ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name LIKE<\/span> '%\u5f20%'<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u524d\u5bfc\u6a21\u7cca
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name LIKE<\/span> '%\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u524d\u5bfc\u6a21\u7cca<\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u6709\u6548\u6848\u4f8b
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name LIKE<\/span> '\u5f20%'<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u540e\u5bfc\u6a21\u7cca，\u53ef\u7528\u7d22\u5f15
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name LIKE<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09%'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848（\u5168\u6587\u7d22\u5f15）
\nALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users ADD<\/span> FULLTEXT<\/span> INDEX<\/span> ft_name<\/span> (<\/span>name)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> MATCH<\/span>(<\/span>name)<\/span> AGAINST<\/span>(<\/span>'\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span> IN<\/span> BOOLEAN<\/span> MODE<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 4.<\/span> OR<\/span> \u6761\u4ef6 ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b（\u53ea\u6709 name \u6709\u7d22\u5f15）
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span> OR<\/span> age =<\/span> 25<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848 1<\/span>：UNION<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>
\nUNION<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> age =<\/span> 25<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848 2<\/span>：\u786e\u4fdd\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u6709\u7d22\u5f15
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_name ON<\/span> users<\/span>(<\/span>name)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_age ON<\/span> users<\/span>(<\/span>age)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 5.<\/span> \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26 ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> status !=<\/span> 'active'<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> status <<\/span>><\/span> 'active'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> status IN<\/span> (<\/span>'inactive'<\/span>,<\/span> 'deleted'<\/span>,<\/span> 'banned'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 6.<\/span> IS<\/span> NULL<\/span> \/<\/span> IS<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u6548（\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e NULL<\/span> \u503c\u6bd4\u4f8b）
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> email IS<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> email IS<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848 1<\/span>：\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c
\nALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users MODIFY<\/span> email VARCHAR<\/span>(<\/span>255<\/span>)<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span> DEFAULT<\/span> ''<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> email =<\/span> ''<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848 2<\/span>：\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u6807\u8bb0
\nUPDATE<\/span> users SET<\/span> email =<\/span> 'NULL'<\/span> WHERE<\/span> email IS<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> email =<\/span> 'NULL'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 7.<\/span> \u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> orders WHERE<\/span> amount +<\/span> 10<\/span> ><\/span> 100<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> orders WHERE<\/span> amount *<\/span> 1.1<\/span> ><\/span> 100<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> age –<\/span> 5<\/span> ><\/span> 20<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> orders WHERE<\/span> amount ><\/span> 90<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> orders WHERE<\/span> amount ><\/span> 100<\/span> \/<\/span> 1.1<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> age ><\/span> 25<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 8.<\/span> \u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219 ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u521b\u5efa\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_name_age_city ON<\/span> users<\/span>(<\/span>name,<\/span> age,<\/span> city)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u6709\u6548\u6848\u4f8b
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span> AND<\/span> age =<\/span> 25<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span> AND<\/span> age =<\/span> 25<\/span> AND<\/span> city =<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span> AND<\/span> city =<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> age =<\/span> 25<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> city =<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> age =<\/span> 25<\/span> AND<\/span> city =<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 9.<\/span> \u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5 ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u521b\u5efa\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_age_status_city ON<\/span> users<\/span>(<\/span>age,<\/span> status,<\/span> city)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> age ><\/span> 20<\/span> AND<\/span> status =<\/span> 'active'<\/span> AND<\/span> city =<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>;<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u8bf4\u660e：age \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15，status \u548c city \u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15（\u56e0\u4e3a age \u662f\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2）<\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848：\u8c03\u6574\u7d22\u5f15\u987a\u5e8f
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_status_city_age ON<\/span> users<\/span>(<\/span>status,<\/span> city,<\/span> age)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> status =<\/span> 'active'<\/span> AND<\/span> city =<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span> AND<\/span> age ><\/span> 20<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 10.<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350（\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u56de\u8868）
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848：\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_name_email_age ON<\/span> users<\/span>(<\/span>name,<\/span> email,<\/span> age)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> name,<\/span> email,<\/span> age FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u56de\u8868<\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 11.<\/span> IN<\/span> \u548c NOT<\/span> IN<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> IN<\/span> \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15（\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u8981\u592a\u591a）
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> id IN<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>,<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u6709\u6548<\/p>\n

—<\/span> NOT<\/span> IN<\/span> \u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u6548
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> id NOT<\/span> IN<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> —<\/span> \u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u6548<\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> id NOT<\/span> IN<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>)<\/span> AND<\/span> id IS<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> 12.<\/span> ORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> \u548c GROUP<\/span> BY<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b（\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d）
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_name ON<\/span> users<\/span>(<\/span>name)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span> ORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> age;<\/span> —<\/span> age \u6392\u5e8f\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_name_age ON<\/span> users<\/span>(<\/span>name,<\/span> age)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span> ORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> age;<\/span> —<\/span> \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> \u9a8c\u8bc1\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5 ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> \u4f7f\u7528 EXPLAIN<\/span> \u67e5\u770b\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212
\nEXPLAIN<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bf4\u660e：
\n—<\/span> type:<\/span> ALL<\/span>（\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf）<<\/span> index <<\/span> range <<\/span> ref <<\/span> eq_ref <<\/span> const<\/span>
\n—<\/span> key:<\/span> \u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15
\n—<\/span> rows:<\/span> \u626b\u63cf\u7684\u884c\u6570
\n—<\/span> Extra:<\/span> Using index（\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15）,<\/span> Using filesort（\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f）<\/p>\n

—<\/span> ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span> \u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae ===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>===<\/span>
\n—<\/span> 1.<\/span> \u9009\u62e9\u6027\u9ad8\u7684\u5217\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15
\n—<\/span> 2.<\/span> \u9891\u7e41\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5217\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15
\n—<\/span> 3.<\/span> \u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d
\n—<\/span> 4.<\/span> \u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u591a\u7d22\u5f15（\u5f71\u54cd\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd）
\n—<\/span> 5.<\/span> \u5b9a\u671f\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u7d22\u5f15
\nANALYZE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users;<\/span>
\nOPTIMIZE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users;<\/span><\/p>\n

MySQL \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f\u901f\u67e5\u8868<\/h2>\n

\u6700\u77ed\u603b\u7ed3（8\u79cd\u573a\u666f）<\/h3>\n\n\u573a\u666f\u5931\u6548\u793a\u4f8b\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1. \u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\nWHERE YEAR(date) = 2024<\/td>\nWHERE date >= '2024-01-01'<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2. \u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362<\/td>\nWHERE phone = 13800138000<\/td>\nWHERE phone = '13800138000'<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3. \u524d\u5bfc\u6a21\u7cca<\/td>\nWHERE name LIKE '%\u5f20%'<\/td>\nWHERE name LIKE '\u5f20%'<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4. OR \u6761\u4ef6<\/td>\nWHERE a = 1 OR b = 2<\/td>\n\u6539\u7528 UNION \u6216\u90fd\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5. \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e<\/td>\nWHERE status != 'active'<\/td>\nWHERE status IN (…)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6. IS NULL<\/td>\nWHERE email IS NULL<\/td>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7. \u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\nWHERE amount + 10 > 100<\/td>\nWHERE amount > 90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8. \u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d<\/td>\n\u7d22\u5f15(a,b,c) \u67e5\u8be2 WHERE b=1<\/td>\nWHERE a=1 AND b=1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u67e5<\/h3>\n

— \u67e5\u770b\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212<\/span>
\nEXPLAIN<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807<\/span>
\n— type: ALL（\u6700\u5dee）\u2192 index \u2192 range \u2192 ref \u2192 const（\u6700\u597d）<\/span>
\n— key: \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u540d<\/span>
\n— rows: \u626b\u63cf\u884c\u6570（\u8d8a\u5c11\u8d8a\u597d）<\/span>
\n— Extra: Using index（\u6700\u597d）, Using filesort（\u9700\u4f18\u5316）<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n

— \u7d22\u5f15：(name, age, city)<\/span>
\n\u2705 WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span> — \u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
\n\u2705 WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span> AND<\/span> age =<\/span> 25<\/span> — \u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
\n\u2705 WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span> AND<\/span> age =<\/span> 25<\/span> AND<\/span> city =<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span> — \u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
\n\u274c WHERE<\/span> age =<\/span> 25<\/span> — \u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
\n\u274c WHERE<\/span> city =<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span> — \u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n

— \u521b\u5efa\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_name_email ON<\/span> users(<\/span>name,<\/span> email)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u56de\u8868（\u6700\u5feb）<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> name,<\/span> email FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u9700\u8981\u56de\u8868（\u8f83\u6162）<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e38\u7528\u4f18\u5316\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

— \u67e5\u770b\u7d22\u5f15<\/span>
\nSHOW<\/span> INDEX<\/span> FROM<\/span> users;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5206\u6790\u8868<\/span>
\nANALYZE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u4f18\u5316\u8868<\/span>
\nOPTIMIZE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> users;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u67e5\u770b\u6162\u67e5\u8be2<\/span>
\nSHOW<\/span> VARIABLES LIKE<\/span> 'slow_query%'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219<\/h3>\n
  • \u9009\u62e9\u6027\u9ad8：\u533a\u5206\u5ea6\u5927\u7684\u5217（\u5982 ID\u3001\u624b\u673a\u53f7）<\/li>\n
  • \u9891\u7e41\u67e5\u8be2：WHERE\u3001JOIN\u3001ORDER BY \u7684\u5217<\/li>\n
  • \u6700\u5de6\u5339\u914d：\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u6309\u67e5\u8be2\u9891\u7387\u6392\u5e8f<\/li>\n
  • \u907f\u514d\u5197\u4f59：(a,b) \u548c (a,b,c) \u53ea\u9700\u540e\u8005<\/li>\n
  • \u63a7\u5236\u6570\u91cf：\u5355\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 5 \u4e2a<\/li>\n

    \u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

    \u6848\u4f8b 1：\u65e5\u671f\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n

    — \u6162\u67e5\u8be2（\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548）<\/span>
    \nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> orders WHERE<\/span> DATE<\/span>(<\/span>created_at)<\/span> =<\/span> '2024-01-01'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    — \u4f18\u5316\u540e（\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15）<\/span>
    \nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> orders
    \nWHERE<\/span> created_at >=<\/span> '2024-01-01'<\/span>
    \n AND<\/span> created_at <<\/span> '2024-01-02'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6848\u4f8b 2：\u5206\u9875\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n

    — \u6162\u67e5\u8be2（\u6df1\u5206\u9875）<\/span>
    \nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users ORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> id LIMIT<\/span> 100000<\/span>,<\/span> 20<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    — \u4f18\u5316\u540e（\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15）<\/span>
    \nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users WHERE<\/span> id ><\/span> 100000<\/span> ORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> id LIMIT<\/span> 20<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6848\u4f8b 3：\u591a\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n

    — \u521b\u5efa\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8054\u5408\u7d22\u5f15<\/span>
    \nCREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> idx_status_city_age ON<\/span> users(<\/span>status<\/span>,<\/span> city,<\/span> age)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    — \u9ad8\u6548\u67e5\u8be2<\/span>
    \nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> users
    \nWHERE<\/span> status<\/span> =<\/span> 'active'<\/span>
    \n AND<\/span> city =<\/span> '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>
    \n AND<\/span> age ><\/span> 20<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8bca\u65ad<\/h3>\n

    — \u67e5\u770b\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/span>
    \nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> sys.<\/span>schema_unused_indexes;<\/span><\/p>\n

    — \u67e5\u770b\u91cd\u590d\u7d22\u5f15<\/span>
    \nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> sys.<\/span>schema_redundant_indexes;<\/span><\/p>\n

    — \u67e5\u770b\u8868\u5927\u5c0f<\/span>
    \nSELECT<\/span>
    \n table_name,<\/span>
    \n ROUND<\/span>(<\/span>data_length \/<\/span> 1024<\/span> \/<\/span> 1024<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> data_mb,<\/span>
    \n ROUND<\/span>(<\/span>index_length \/<\/span> 1024<\/span> \/<\/span> 1024<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> index_mb
    \nFROM<\/span> information_schema.<\/span>tables<\/span>
    \nWHERE<\/span> table_schema =<\/span> 'your_database'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    — MySQL \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f\u5b8c\u6574\u793a\u4f8b– 1. \u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5931\u6548
    \n— \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b
    \nSELECT * FROM orders WHERE DATE(created_at) 2024-01-01;
    \nSELECT * FROM users WHERE SUBSTRING(name, 1, 1) \u5f20;
    \nSELECT * FROM products WHERE UPPER(name) IPHONE;– \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848
    \nSELECT * FROM orders WHERE cre<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[230],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-76307","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-php"],"yoast_head":"\nphp\u65b9\u6848 \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"php\u65b9\u6848 \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"-- MySQL \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f\u5b8c\u6574\u793a\u4f8b-- 1. \u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5931\u6548 -- \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b SELECT * FROM orders WHERE DATE(created_at) 2024-01-01; SELECT * FROM users WHERE SUBSTRING(name, 1, 1) \u5f20; SELECT * FROM products WHERE UPPER(name) IPHONE;-- \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848 SELECT * FROM orders WHERE cre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-02-21T23:25:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html\",\"name\":\"php\u65b9\u6848 \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-02-21T23:25:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-02-21T23:25:22+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9875\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"php\u65b9\u6848 \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/\",\"name\":\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\",\"description\":\"\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668_\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u8baf_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6559\u7a0b\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/wp.wsisp.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/author\/admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"php\u65b9\u6848 \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_title":"php\u65b9\u6848 \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","og_description":"-- MySQL \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f\u5b8c\u6574\u793a\u4f8b-- 1. \u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5931\u6548 -- \u5931\u6548\u6848\u4f8b SELECT * FROM orders WHERE DATE(created_at) 2024-01-01; SELECT * FROM users WHERE SUBSTRING(name, 1, 1) \u5f20; SELECT * FROM products WHERE UPPER(name) IPHONE;-- \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848 SELECT * FROM orders WHERE cre","og_url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html","og_site_name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","article_published_time":"2026-02-21T23:25:22+00:00","author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u4f5c\u8005":"admin","\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4":"5 \u5206"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html","name":"php\u65b9\u6848 \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-02-21T23:25:22+00:00","dateModified":"2026-02-21T23:25:22+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/76307.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"php\u65b9\u6848 \u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u573a\u666f"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/","name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","description":"\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668_\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u8baf_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6559\u7a0b","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","contentUrl":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/wp.wsisp.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/author\/admin"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76307","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76307"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76307\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76307"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76307"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76307"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=76307"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}