{"id":73111,"date":"2026-02-07T03:05:42","date_gmt":"2026-02-06T19:05:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/73111.html"},"modified":"2026-02-07T03:05:42","modified_gmt":"2026-02-06T19:05:42","slug":"ubuntu%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%8a%a0%e5%9b%ba%e5%ae%8c%e5%85%a8%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/73111.html","title":{"rendered":"Ubuntu\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Ubuntu \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357&#xff1a;\u4ece\u5c0f\u767d\u5230\u5165\u95e8<\/h2>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u9002\u5408 Linux \u65b0\u624b&#xff0c;\u624b\u628a\u624b\u6559\u4f60\u5b8c\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5199\u5728\u524d\u9762<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u521a\u4e70\u4e86\u4e00\u53f0\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u88c5\u4e0a\u4e86\u5b9d\u5854\u9762\u677f\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u8b66\u544a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8b66\u544a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u4e13\u4e1a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u63d0\u9192\u4f60&#xff1a;\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4f1a\u5e26\u4f60\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6df1\u539a\u7684 Linux \u57fa\u7840&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8981\u4f1a\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u8981\u63d0\u9192&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u524d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5907\u4efd<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d SSH \u7a97\u53e3&#xff0c;\u5148\u5f00\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u9519&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5907\u4efd\u6062\u590d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<li>\u95ee\u9898\u4e00&#xff1a;\u91cd\u590d UID&#xff08;\u9ad8\u5371&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u95ee\u9898\u4e8c&#xff1a;SSH \u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e&#xff08;\u9ad8\u5371&#xff09;\n<ul>\n<li>SSH \u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<li>SSH \u767b\u5f55\u8b66\u544a<\/li>\n<li>\u7981\u7528\u5371\u9669\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u95ee\u9898\u4e09&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e&#xff08;\u4e2d\u5371&#xff09;\n<ul>\n<li>ICMP \u9632\u62a4<\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u7531\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u9632\u62a4<\/li>\n<li>TCP \u9632\u62a4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa&#xff08;\u4e2d\u5371&#xff09;\n<ul>\n<li>\u7981\u6b62\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801 sudo<\/li>\n<li>\u9650\u5236\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u50a8<\/li>\n<li>Shell \u8d85\u65f6\u9000\u51fa<\/li>\n<li>\/tmp \u76ee\u5f55\u5b89\u5168<\/li>\n<li>SUID\/SGID \u6587\u4ef6\u68c0\u67e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae<\/li>\n<li>\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u7b54<\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u95ee\u9898\u4e00&#xff1a;\u91cd\u590d UID&#xff08;\u9ad8\u5371&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f UID&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>UID&#xff08;User ID&#xff09;\u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u3002\u5176\u4e2d UID 0 \u662f root \u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e13\u5c5e ID&#xff0c;\u62e5\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u590d UID 0 \u5f88\u5371\u9669&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237&#xff08;\u6bd4\u5982 apache2&#xff09;\u4e5f\u6709 UID 0&#xff0c;\u90a3\u5b83\u5c31\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e root&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u7ed9\u4e86\u5c0f\u5077\u4e00\u628a\u4f60\u5bb6\u7684\u94a5\u5319\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ecf\u5386\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u88ab\u690d\u5165\u4e86\u6316\u77ff\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7apache2\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/20260206190539-69863b83e638e.png\" alt=\"\u91cd\u590dUID\u8b66\u544a\u793a\u4f8b\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u4fee\u590d<\/h4>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u68c0\u67e5\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u7684 UID \u4e3a 0<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;:0:&#034;<\/span> \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u884c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>root:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u770b\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237&#xff08;\u5982 apache2&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">ps<\/span> aux <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> apache2 <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">head<\/span> -n <span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 3&#xff1a;\u5907\u4efd\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u5f02\u5e38\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5907\u4efd\u539f\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u91cd\u8981&#xff01;&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">cp<\/span> \/etc\/passwd \/etc\/passwd.backup<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">cp<\/span> \/etc\/shadow \/etc\/shadow.backup<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5220\u9664 apache2 \u7528\u6237<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sed<\/span> -i <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\/^apache2:\/d&#039;<\/span> \/etc\/passwd<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sed<\/span> -i <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\/^apache2:\/d&#039;<\/span> \/etc\/shadow<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u91ca&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sed -i \u8868\u793a\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\/^apache2:\/d \u8868\u793a\u5220\u9664\u4ee5 apache2 \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 4&#xff1a;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4fee\u590d\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;:0:&#034;<\/span> \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b root \u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u95ee\u9898\u4e8c&#xff1a;SSH \u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e&#xff08;\u9ad8\u5371&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>SSH \u662f\u4f60\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u901a\u9053&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5f53&#xff0c;\u5c31\u50cf\u7ed9\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7559\u4e86\u4e00\u6247\u655e\u5f00\u7684\u95e8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/20260206190540-69863b8443a93.png\" alt=\"SSH\u5b89\u5168\u8b66\u544a\u793a\u4f8b\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>2.1 SSH \u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u8c61\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u4f60 SSH \u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540e\u53bb\u559d\u5496\u5561&#xff0c;\u5fd8\u8bb0\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u7535\u8111&#xff0c;\u5c31\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u65ad\u5f00\u7a7a\u95f2\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u5907\u4efd\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">cp<\/span> \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config.backup<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u4e07\u4e00\u6539\u9519\u4e86&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5907\u4efd\u6062\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u7f16\u8f91 SSH \u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">nano<\/span> \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/p>\n<p>\u627e\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u884c&#xff08;\u5927\u7ea6\u5728\u7b2c 39 \u548c 104 \u884c\u9644\u8fd1&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9&#xff08;\u88ab\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389\u7684&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#LoginGraceTime 2m<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#ClientAliveInterval 0<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">#ClientAliveCountMax 3<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u4fee\u6539\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/span><br \/>\nLoginGraceTime <span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><br \/>\nClientAliveInterval <span class=\"token number\">300<\/span><br \/>\nClientAliveCountMax <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><br \/>\nMaxAuthTries <span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49\u5b9e\u9645\u6548\u679c<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>LoginGraceTime 30<\/td>\n<td>\u767b\u5f55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6700\u591a 30 \u79d2<\/td>\n<td>\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801\u8d85\u8fc7 30 \u79d2\u81ea\u52a8\u65ad\u5f00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ClientAliveInterval 300<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf 300 \u79d2\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u6b21\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf 5 \u5206\u949f\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6b21&#034;\u4fdd\u6d3b&#034;\u6d88\u606f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ClientAliveCountMax 2<\/td>\n<td>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef 2 \u6b21\u4e0d\u54cd\u5e94\u5c31\u65ad\u5f00<\/td>\n<td>10 \u5206\u949f\u65e0\u64cd\u4f5c\u81ea\u52a8\u65ad\u5f00&#xff08;300\u00d72&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MaxAuthTries 3<\/td>\n<td>\u5bc6\u7801\u6700\u591a\u5c1d\u8bd5 3 \u6b21<\/td>\n<td>\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa&#xff08;Ctrl&#043;X \u2192 Y \u2192 Enter&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 3&#xff1a;\u6d4b\u8bd5\u914d\u7f6e\u8bed\u6cd5<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> sshd -t<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5\u521a\u624d\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 4&#xff1a;\u91cd\u542f SSH \u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl restart sshd<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u8981&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u7a97\u53e3&#xff01;\u5148\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u80fd\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u767b\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 5&#xff1a;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl status sshd<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230 Active: active (running)\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>2.2 \u8bbe\u7f6e SSH \u767b\u5f55\u8b66\u544a<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u767b\u5f55\u8b66\u544a&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u767b\u5f55\u8b66\u544a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4fdd\u62a4&#xff1a;\u660e\u786e\u544a\u77e5\u8fd9\u662f\u79c1\u4eba\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u672a\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdd\u6cd5<\/li>\n<li>\u5a01\u6151\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u8ba9\u6f5c\u5728\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55<\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u8b66\u544a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">nano<\/span> \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_banner<\/p>\n<p>\u7c98\u8d34\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9&#xff08;\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>***************************************************************************<br \/>\n                            \u8b66\u544a \/ WARNING<br \/>\n***************************************************************************<br \/>\n\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ec5\u4f9b\u6388\u6743\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5c06\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8ffd\u7a76\u3002<br \/>\n\u7ee7\u7eed\u767b\u5f55\u5373\u8868\u793a\u60a8\u540c\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u76d1\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>This system is for authorized users only. Unauthorized access or use<br \/>\nwill be logged and may result in legal action. By continuing to log in,<br \/>\nyou agree to be monitored.<br \/>\n***************************************************************************<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u914d\u7f6e SSH \u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8b66\u544a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">nano<\/span> \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/p>\n<p>\u627e\u5230 #Banner none \u8fd9\u4e00\u884c&#xff0c;\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Banner \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_banner<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a Banner \u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u5220\u9664\u6216\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389\u5176\u4ed6\u7684&#xff0c;\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>2.3 \u7981\u7528\u5371\u9669\u9009\u9879<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a sshd_config \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u627e\u5230 #PermitUserEnvironment&#xff0c;\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>PermitUserEnvironment no<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1a;\u9632\u6b62\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5229\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 3&#xff1a;\u91cd\u542f SSH \u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl restart sshd<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 4&#xff1a;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> -E <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Banner|PermitUserEnvironment&#034;<\/span> \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> -v <span class=\"token string\">&#034;^#&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>Banner \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_banner<br \/>\nPermitUserEnvironment no<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u95ee\u9898\u4e09&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e&#xff08;\u4e2d\u5371&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f sysctl&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>sysctl \u662f Linux \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u5e95\u5c42\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/20260206190540-69863b84846a0.png\" alt=\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u8b66\u544a\u793a\u4f8b\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Smurf \u653b\u51fb&#xff1a;\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7528\u4f60\u7684 IP \u5e7f\u64ad ping&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5927\u91cf\u4e3b\u673a\u56de\u590d\u6df9\u6ca1\u4f60<\/li>\n<li>ICMP \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u653b\u51fb&#xff1a;\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u8def\u7531\u5668&#xff0c;\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5bfc\u5411\u6076\u610f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/li>\n<li>SYN \u6d2a\u6c34\u653b\u51fb&#xff1a;\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u5927\u91cf SYN \u5305\u4f46\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6210\u63e1\u624b&#xff0c;\u8017\u5c3d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765\u9632\u5fa1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h4>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">nano<\/span> \/etc\/sysctl.d\/99-security.conf<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u6dfb\u52a0\u914d\u7f6e\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">#&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061; ICMP \u9632\u62a4\u914d\u7f6e &#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5ffd\u7565\u5e7f\u64ad ping \u8bf7\u6c42&#xff08;\u9632\u6b62 Smurf \u653b\u51fb&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u62d2\u7edd IPv4 ICMP \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6d88\u606f&#xff08;\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u653b\u51fb&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u62d2\u7edd IPv6 ICMP \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6d88\u606f<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u62d2\u7edd\u5b89\u5168 ICMP \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411&#xff08;\u5373\u4f7f\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u5173\u4e5f\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5ffd\u7565\u4f2a\u9020\u7684 ICMP \u9519\u8bef\u54cd\u5e94<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u8bb0\u5f55\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u65e5\u5fd7<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">#&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061; \u8def\u7531\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u9632\u62a4 &#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u7981\u7528 IPv6 \u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u7981\u6b62\u53d1\u9001 IPv4 \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6d88\u606f&#xff08;\u9632\u6b62\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u653b\u51fb\u522b\u4eba&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u62d2\u7edd IPv4 \u6e90\u8def\u7531\u6570\u636e\u5305&#xff08;\u9632\u6b62\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8def\u5f84&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u62d2\u7edd IPv6 \u6e90\u8def\u7531\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u7981\u7528 IPv6 \u8def\u7531\u5668\u901a\u544a&#xff08;\u9632\u6b62\u4f2a\u9020\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6b3a\u9a97&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">#&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061; TCP \u9632\u62a4 &#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u542f\u7528 TCP SYN Cookie \u4fdd\u62a4&#xff08;\u9632\u6b62 SYN \u6d2a\u6c34\u653b\u51fb&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.tcp_syncookies <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u542f\u7528\u53cd\u5411\u8def\u5f84\u8fc7\u6ee4&#xff08;\u9632\u6b62 IP \u6b3a\u9a97&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e IPv4 \u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5 Docker \u6216\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505a\u8def\u7531\u5668&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>net.ipv4.ip_forward <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 Docker&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219 Docker \u5bb9\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u8054\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 3&#xff1a;\u5e94\u7528\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> sysctl -p \/etc\/sysctl.d\/99-security.conf<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u503c&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u914d\u7f6e\u5df2\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u5217\u51fa\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u4f5c\u7528\u9632\u62a4\u4ec0\u4e48<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts &#061; 1<\/td>\n<td>\u5ffd\u7565\u5e7f\u64ad ping<\/td>\n<td>\u9632\u6b62 Smurf \u653b\u51fb&#xff08;\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7528\u4f60\u7684 IP \u5e7f\u64ad ping&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u5927\u91cf\u4e3b\u673a\u56de\u590d\u6df9\u6ca1\u4f60&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>accept_redirects &#061; 0<\/td>\n<td>\u62d2\u7edd ICMP \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/td>\n<td>\u9632\u6b62\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u8def\u7531\u5668&#xff0c;\u628a\u4f60\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5bfc\u5411\u6076\u610f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>tcp_syncookies &#061; 1<\/td>\n<td>\u542f\u7528 SYN Cookie<\/td>\n<td>\u9632\u6b62 SYN \u6d2a\u6c34\u653b\u51fb&#xff08;\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u5927\u91cf SYN \u5305\u4f46\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6210\u63e1\u624b&#xff0c;\u8017\u5c3d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u8d44\u6e90&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rp_filter &#061; 1<\/td>\n<td>\u53cd\u5411\u8def\u5f84\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/td>\n<td>\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6e90 IP \u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u9632\u6b62\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u4f2a\u9020\u6e90 IP \u5730\u5740<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>accept_source_route &#061; 0<\/td>\n<td>\u62d2\u7edd\u6e90\u8def\u7531\u5305<\/td>\n<td>\u6e90\u8def\u7531\u5141\u8bb8\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7ed5\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa&#xff08;\u4e2d\u5371&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<h4>4.1 \u7981\u6b62\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801 sudo<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e2a&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801\u5c31\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 sudo&#xff0c;\u90a3\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u514d\u8d39\u7684 root \u6743\u9650\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5371\u9669\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> -r <span class=\"token string\">&#034;NOPASSWD&#034;<\/span> \/etc\/sudoers \/etc\/sudoers.d\/<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u914d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168 \u2705<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\/etc\/sudoers.d\/90-cloud-init-users:root ALL&#061;(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f root \u7528\u6237\u7684\u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a root \u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237&#xff08;\u5982\u4f60\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237&#xff09;\u80fd\u65e0\u5bc6\u7801 sudo\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6709 NOPASSWD<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> visudo<\/p>\n<p>\u627e\u5230\u5305\u542b NOPASSWD \u7684\u884c&#xff0c;\u5220\u9664\u6216\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389&#xff08;\u5728\u884c\u9996\u52a0 #&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa&#xff08;Ctrl&#043;X \u2192 Y \u2192 Enter&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4.2 \u9650\u5236\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u50a8<\/h4>\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u50a8&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u628a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;core dump&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u65b9\u4fbf\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u7981\u7528&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/li>\n<li>API \u5bc6\u94a5<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u7a83\u53d6\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u4e86&#xff0c;\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a core dump \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u4e0b\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bc6\u7801&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4<\/p>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u9650\u5236\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u50a8\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 0<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;* hard core 0&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">tee<\/span> -a \/etc\/security\/limits.conf<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u91ca&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>* hard core 0&#xff1a;\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237&#xff08;*&#xff09;\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u50a8\u5927\u5c0f\u786c\u9650\u5236&#xff08;hard&#xff09;\u4e3a 0<\/li>\n<li>tee -a&#xff1a;\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u7981\u7528 SUID \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u50a8<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">echo<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;fs.suid_dumpable &#061; 0&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">tee<\/span> -a \/etc\/sysctl.d\/99-security.conf<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> sysctl -p \/etc\/sysctl.d\/99-security.conf<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u91ca&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SUID \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6743\u9650\u9ad8&#xff0c;\u66f4\u5371\u9669&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u7981\u6b62\u5b83\u4eec\u751f\u6210\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u50a8<\/li>\n<li>sysctl -p \u7acb\u5373\u5e94\u7528\u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 3&#xff1a;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b limits.conf \u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">tail<\/span> -5 \/etc\/security\/limits.conf<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b sysctl \u914d\u7f6e<\/span><br \/>\nsysctl fs.suid_dumpable<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>limits.conf \u672b\u5c3e\u5e94\u8be5\u6709 * hard core 0<\/li>\n<li>sysctl \u5e94\u8be5\u663e\u793a fs.suid_dumpable &#061; 0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4.3 Shell \u65e0\u64cd\u4f5c\u8d85\u65f6\u9000\u51fa<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u8c61\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u4f60 SSH \u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540e\u53bb\u5f00\u4f1a&#xff0c;\u5fd8\u8bb0\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u7535\u8111&#xff08;\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u5728\u5496\u5561\u5385\u7528\u516c\u5171 WiFi&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u65ad\u5f00\u7a7a\u95f2\u4f1a\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u51cf\u5c11\u4f1a\u8bdd\u52ab\u6301\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4<\/p>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u884c\u547d\u4ee4&#xff08;\u63a8\u8350&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">echo<\/span> -e <span class=\"token string\">&#034;TMOUT&#061;900<span class=\"token entity\" title=\"\\\\n\">\\\\n<\/span>readonly TMOUT<span class=\"token entity\" title=\"\\\\n\">\\\\n<\/span>export TMOUT&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">tee<\/span> \/etc\/profile.d\/timeout.sh <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/dev\/null <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">644<\/span> \/etc\/profile.d\/timeout.sh<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u624b\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">nano<\/span> \/etc\/profile.d\/timeout.sh<\/p>\n<p>\u7c98\u8d34\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token assign-left variable\">TMOUT<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">900<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">readonly<\/span> TMOUT<br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">export<\/span> TMOUT<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">chmod<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">644<\/span> \/etc\/profile.d\/timeout.sh<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>TMOUT&#061;900<\/td>\n<td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a 900 \u79d2&#xff08;15 \u5206\u949f&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>readonly TMOUT<\/td>\n<td>\u9632\u6b62\u7528\u6237\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>export TMOUT<\/td>\n<td>\u4f7f\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u751f\u6548<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">cat<\/span> \/etc\/profile.d\/timeout.sh<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;\u5e94\u8be5\u663e\u793a\u521a\u624d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u4e09\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff08;\u5982 screen\u3001tmux\u3001systemd \u670d\u52a1&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4.4 \u7981\u6b62\u5728 \/tmp \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa SUID \u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f SUID&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>SUID&#xff08;Set User ID&#xff09;\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u5141\u8bb8\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff1a;\/usr\/bin\/passwd \u547d\u4ee4\u6709 SUID \u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ee5 root \u6743\u9650\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u624d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5728 \/tmp \u7981\u7528 SUID&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\/tmp \u662f\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u53ef\u5199\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u653e\u7f6e\u6076\u610f\u7684 SUID \u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c5e\u4e8e root&#xff0c;\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u5c31\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97 root \u6743\u9650\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u63d0\u6743\u653b\u51fb\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e2a\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4e0a\u4f20\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6076\u610f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5230 \/tmp \u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 SUID \u6743\u9650\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5c31\u80fd\u4ee5 root \u6743\u9650\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u7a83\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6216\u690d\u5165\u540e\u95e8\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4<\/p>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 1&#xff1a;\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d \/tmp \u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">mount<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> \/tmp<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e \/tmp \u6ca1\u6709\u5355\u72ec\u6302\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 2&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa systemd \u914d\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mkdir<\/span> -p \/etc\/systemd\/system\/tmp.mount.d<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 3&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u9009\u9879\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">echo<\/span> -e <span class=\"token string\">&#034;[Mount]<span class=\"token entity\" title=\"\\\\n\">\\\\n<\/span>Options&#061;mode&#061;1777,strictatime,nosuid,nodev&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">tee<\/span> \/etc\/systemd\/system\/tmp.mount.d\/options.conf<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 4&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa tmp.mount \u5355\u5143\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">nano<\/span> \/etc\/systemd\/system\/tmp.mount<\/p>\n<p>\u7c98\u8d34\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>[Unit]<br \/>\nDescription&#061;Temporary Directory \/tmp<br \/>\nConditionPathIsSymbolicLink&#061;!\/tmp<br \/>\nDefaultDependencies&#061;no<br \/>\nConflicts&#061;umount.target<br \/>\nBefore&#061;local-fs.target umount.target<\/p>\n<p>[Mount]<br \/>\nWhat&#061;tmpfs<br \/>\nWhere&#061;\/tmp<br \/>\nType&#061;tmpfs<br \/>\nOptions&#061;mode&#061;1777,strictatime,nosuid,nodev<\/p>\n<p>[Install]<br \/>\nWantedBy&#061;local-fs.target<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 5&#xff1a;\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d systemd \u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl daemon-reload<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 6&#xff1a;\u542f\u7528\u5e76\u542f\u52a8 tmp.mount<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">enable<\/span> tmp.mount<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl start tmp.mount<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4 7&#xff1a;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6302\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">mount<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> \/tmp<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c&#xff1a;\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>tmpfs on \/tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,&#8230;)<\/p>\n<p>\u9009\u9879\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9009\u9879\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>nosuid<\/td>\n<td>\u5ffd\u7565 SUID\/SGID \u6743\u9650&#xff08;\u6838\u5fc3\u5b89\u5168\u9009\u9879&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>nodev<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mode&#061;1777<\/td>\n<td>\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199&#xff0c;\u4f46\u53ea\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4.5 \u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684 SUID\/SGID \u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f SUID\/SGID \u6587\u4ef6&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SUID&#xff1a;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6743\u9650\u8fd0\u884c&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u662f root&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>SGID&#xff1a;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u6743\u9650\u8fd0\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5408\u6cd5\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;\/usr\/bin\/passwd\u3001\/usr\/bin\/sudo \u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u9700\u8981 SUID \u6743\u9650\u624d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u690d\u5165\u6076\u610f\u7684 SUID \u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u6743\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u6b65\u9aa4<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> \/ -type f <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span> -perm -4000 -o -perm -2000 <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> -ls <span class=\"token operator\"><span class=\"token file-descriptor important\">2<\/span>&gt;<\/span>\/dev\/null <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">head<\/span> -20<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-perm -4000&#xff1a;\u67e5\u627e SUID \u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>-perm -2000&#xff1a;\u67e5\u627e SGID \u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>2&gt;\/dev\/null&#xff1a;\u5ffd\u7565\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<li>head -20&#xff1a;\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u524d 20 \u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u5e38\u7684 SUID \u5de5\u5177&#xff08;\u9700\u8981 root \u6743\u9650\u624d\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\/usr\/bin\/mount\u3001\/usr\/bin\/umount &#8211; \u6302\u8f7d\/\u5378\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<li>\/usr\/bin\/passwd\u3001\/usr\/bin\/chfn &#8211; \u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<li>\/usr\/bin\/sudo &#8211; sudo \u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n<li>\/usr\/lib\/openssh\/ssh-keysign &#8211; SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u7b7e\u540d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6b63\u5e38\u7684 SGID \u5de5\u5177&#xff08;\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7ec4\u6743\u9650&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\/usr\/bin\/crontab &#8211; \u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\/usr\/sbin\/unix_chkpwd &#8211; \u5bc6\u7801\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u8b66\u60d5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u7684 SUID \u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u67e5<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u8def\u5f84&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u5728 \/tmp\u3001\/home \u7b49\u76ee\u5f55\u53d1\u73b0 SUID \u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u7591<\/li>\n<li>\u6700\u8fd1\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u6700\u8fd1\u624d\u521b\u5efa\u7684 SUID \u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u8b66\u60d5<\/li>\n<p>\u5efa\u8bae&#xff1a;\u6bcf\u6708\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd9\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u6bd4\u662f\u5426\u6709\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u53ef\u7591\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n<h4>\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355<\/h4>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5df2\u7ecf\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\u90fd\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u5371\u95ee\u9898&#xff08;\u5df2\u89e3\u51b3&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2705 \u5220\u9664\u4e86\u91cd\u590d\u7684 UID 0 \u7528\u6237<\/li>\n<li>\u2705 \u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 SSH \u8d85\u65f6\u673a\u5236&#xff08;10 \u5206\u949f\u65e0\u64cd\u4f5c\u81ea\u52a8\u65ad\u5f00&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u2705 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 SSH \u767b\u5f55\u8b66\u544a<\/li>\n<li>\u2705 \u7981\u7528\u4e86 SSH \u5371\u9669\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5371\u95ee\u9898&#xff08;\u5df2\u89e3\u51b3&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2705 \u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u53c2\u6570&#xff08;\u9632\u6b62 ICMP \u653b\u51fb\u3001SYN \u6d2a\u6c34\u7b49&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u2705 \u7981\u6b62\u4e86\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801 sudo<\/li>\n<li>\u2705 \u9650\u5236\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u50a8<\/li>\n<li>\u2705 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 Shell \u8d85\u65f6\u9000\u51fa&#xff08;15 \u5206\u949f&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u2705 \u7981\u6b62\u4e86 \/tmp \u4e2d\u7684 SUID \u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u2705 \u68c0\u67e5\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684 SUID\/SGID \u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u540e\u7eed\u7ef4\u62a4\u5efa\u8bae<\/h4>\n<p>1. \u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5&#xff08;\u6bcf\u6708\u4e00\u6b21&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u68c0\u67e5 SUID\/SGID \u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> \/ -type f <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span> -perm -4000 -o -perm -2000 <span class=\"token punctuation\">\\\\<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> -ls <span class=\"token operator\"><span class=\"token file-descriptor important\">2<\/span>&gt;<\/span>\/dev\/null <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/root\/suid_check_<span class=\"token variable\"><span class=\"token variable\">$(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">date<\/span> &#043;%Y%m%d<span class=\"token variable\">)<\/span><\/span>.txt<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u68c0\u67e5\u6700\u8fd1\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">find<\/span> \/etc \/usr\/bin \/usr\/sbin -type f -mtime -30 -ls <span class=\"token operator\"><span class=\"token file-descriptor important\">2<\/span>&gt;<\/span>\/dev\/null<\/p>\n<p>2. \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b SSH \u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">tail<\/span> -100 \/var\/log\/auth.log <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> sshd<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65e5\u5fd7<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">dmesg<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> martian<\/p>\n<p>3. \u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> update<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5347\u7ea7\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> upgrade -y<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u6e05\u7406\u65e7\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> autoremove -y<\/p>\n<p>4. \u5907\u4efd\u91cd\u8981\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p>\u5efa\u8bae\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/li>\n<li>\/etc\/sysctl.d\/99-security.conf<\/li>\n<li>\/etc\/security\/limits.conf<\/li>\n<li>\/etc\/sudoers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027<\/h4>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u660e\u767d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u7684&#xff1a;\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u53ea\u662f\u964d\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u9664\u98ce\u9669<\/li>\n<li>\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5b89\u5168\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981&#xff1a;\u7f51\u7ad9\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e&#xff08;\u5982 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u3001XSS&#xff09;\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5f88\u91cd\u8981&#xff1a;\u5efa\u8bae\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899&#xff08;\u5982 ufw \u6216 iptables&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53ea\u5f00\u653e\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>\u5bc6\u7801\u5f3a\u5ea6&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u6216\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1&#xff0c;\u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\u66f4\u5b89\u5168<\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u5b89\u5168\u6027&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>1. \u4f7f\u7528 SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5728\u672c\u5730\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9<\/span><br \/>\nssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C <span class=\"token string\">&#034;your_email&#064;example.com&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u590d\u5236\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/span><br \/>\nssh-copy-id user&#064;your_server_ip<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u7136\u540e\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">nano<\/span> \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u8bbe\u7f6e&#xff1a;PasswordAuthentication no<\/span><\/p>\n<p>2. \u5b89\u88c5 Fail2Ban<\/p>\n<p>Fail2Ban \u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5c01\u7981\u591a\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7684 IP&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> fail2ban -y<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">enable<\/span> fail2ban<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl start fail2ban<\/p>\n<p>3. \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5b89\u88c5 ufw<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> ufw -y<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5141\u8bb8 SSH<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> ufw allow <span class=\"token number\">22<\/span>\/tcp<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5141\u8bb8 HTTP \u548c HTTPS<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> ufw allow <span class=\"token number\">80<\/span>\/tcp<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> ufw allow <span class=\"token number\">443<\/span>\/tcp<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> ufw <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">enable<\/span><\/p>\n<p>4. \u5b9a\u671f\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982 Lynis \u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> lynis -y<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> lynis audit system<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u7b54<\/h3>\n<h4>Q1: \u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u767b\u5f55\u600e\u4e48\u529e&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>A: \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5f3a\u8c03&#034;\u4e0d\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d SSH \u7a97\u53e3&#034;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u5728\u539f\u6765\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u6062\u590d\u5907\u4efd&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">cp<\/span> \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config.backup \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl restart sshd<\/p>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u6cd5\u767b\u5f55&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5546\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u53f0&#xff08;VNC&#xff09;\u767b\u5f55&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u6062\u590d\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Q2: Docker \u5bb9\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u8054\u7f51\u4e86\u600e\u4e48\u529e&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>A: \u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7981\u7528\u4e86 IPv4 \u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u7f16\u8f91 sysctl \u914d\u7f6e<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">nano<\/span> \/etc\/sysctl.d\/99-security.conf<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5220\u9664\u6216\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c&#xff1a;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># net.ipv4.ip_forward &#061; 0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u6216\u8005\u6539\u4e3a&#xff1a;<\/span><br \/>\nnet.ipv4.ip_forward <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5e94\u7528\u914d\u7f6e<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> sysctl -p \/etc\/sysctl.d\/99-security.conf<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u91cd\u542f Docker<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> systemctl restart <span class=\"token function\">docker<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Q3: Shell \u8d85\u65f6\u592a\u77ed&#xff0c;\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u65ad\u5f00\u600e\u4e48\u529e&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>A: \u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">nano<\/span> \/etc\/profile.d\/timeout.sh<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u4fee\u6539 TMOUT \u7684\u503c&#xff08;\u5355\u4f4d&#xff1a;\u79d2&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u4f8b\u5982\u6539\u4e3a 30 \u5206\u949f&#xff1a;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token assign-left variable\">TMOUT<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1800<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">readonly<\/span> TMOUT<br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">export<\/span> TMOUT<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Q4: \u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u54ea\u4e9b IP \u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u767b\u5f55\u6211\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>A: \u67e5\u770b SSH \u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u767b\u5f55\u5c1d\u8bd5<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Failed password&#034;<\/span> \/var\/log\/auth.log <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">tail<\/span> -20<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u7edf\u8ba1\u5931\u8d25\u6b21\u6570\u6700\u591a\u7684 IP<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;Failed password&#034;<\/span> \/var\/log\/auth.log <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">awk<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;{print $(NF-3)}&#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sort<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">uniq<\/span> -c <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">sort<\/span> -nr <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">head<\/span> -10<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Q5: \u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u5b9d\u5854\u9762\u677f\u8fd8\u662f\u663e\u793a\u8b66\u544a\u600e\u4e48\u529e&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>A: \u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u91cd\u65b0\u626b\u63cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u5728\u5b9d\u5854\u9762\u677f\u4e2d\u70b9\u51fb&#034;\u91cd\u65b0\u68c0\u6d4b&#034;<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u662f\u663e\u793a\u8b66\u544a&#xff0c;\u5c1d\u8bd5\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff1a;<\/li>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">reboot<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Q6: \u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7f51\u7ad9\u6027\u80fd\u5417&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>A: \u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3b\u8981\u662f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9650\u5236\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4&#xff08;\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u529f\u80fd&#xff08;\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u7528&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u8bb0\u5f55\u53ef\u7591\u884c\u4e3a&#xff08;\u65e5\u5fd7\u5f00\u9500\u5f88\u5c0f&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5bf9\u7f51\u7ad9\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Q7: \u6211\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u671f\u91cd\u590d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u5417&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>A: \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684&#xff0c;\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u751f\u6548\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5 SUID \u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u6bcf\u6708\u4e00\u6b21&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0<\/li>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u53ca\u65f6\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Q8: \u5982\u4f55\u9a8c\u8bc1\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u751f\u6548\u4e86&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>A: \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u9a8c\u8bc1 SSH \u914d\u7f6e<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> -E <span class=\"token string\">&#034;ClientAliveInterval|ClientAliveCountMax|LoginGraceTime&#034;<\/span> \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> -v <span class=\"token string\">&#034;^#&#034;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u9a8c\u8bc1\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u53c2\u6570<\/span><br \/>\nsysctl net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies<br \/>\nsysctl net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u9a8c\u8bc1\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6c\u50a8\u9650\u5236<\/span><br \/>\nsysctl fs.suid_dumpable<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">tail<\/span> -5 \/etc\/security\/limits.conf<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u9a8c\u8bc1 Shell \u8d85\u65f6<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">cat<\/span> \/etc\/profile.d\/timeout.sh<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u9a8c\u8bc1 \/tmp \u6302\u8f7d\u9009\u9879<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">mount<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">grep<\/span> \/tmp<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Q9: \u6211\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u4e86&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u80fd\u9632\u4f4f\u5417&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>A: \u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1 100% \u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u88ab\u653b\u51fb&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u7acb\u5373\u65ad\u5f00\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff0c;\u627e\u51fa\u5165\u4fb5\u9014\u5f84<\/li>\n<li>\u4fee\u6539\u6240\u6709\u5bc6\u7801<\/li>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u540e\u95e8\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n<li>\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u91cd\u88c5\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<p>\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u6216\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/li>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5 Fail2Ban<\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>Q10: \u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u5417&#xff1f;<\/h4>\n<p>A: \u53ef\u4ee5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u6709 Docker&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8981\u7981\u7528 IPv4 \u8f6c\u53d1<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u9700\u6c42&#xff08;\u5982\u9700\u8981 ICMP&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u76f8\u5e94\u8c03\u6574\u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<li>\u4fee\u6539\u524d\u505a\u597d\u5907\u4efd<\/li>\n<li>\u5206\u6b65\u9aa4\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u7ed3\u8bed<\/h3>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u52b3\u6c38\u9038\u7684\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u6bd4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u5f88\u591a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u8bb0\u4f4f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<li>\u5173\u6ce8\u5b89\u5168\u516c\u544a<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n<li>\u505a\u597d\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5b89\u5168\u65e0\u5c0f\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u80fd\u5e2e\u5230\u4f60&#xff01;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CIS Ubuntu 20.04 Benchmark<\/li>\n<li>Linux Security Hardening Guide<\/li>\n<li>SSH Security Best Practices<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u66f4\u65b0&#xff1a;2026-01-31<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u89c9\u5f97\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9&#xff0c;\u6b22\u8fce\u70b9\u8d5e\u6536\u85cf&#xff01;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ubuntu \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357&#xff1a;\u4ece\u5c0f\u767d\u5230\u5165\u95e8 \u672c\u6587\u9002\u5408 Linux \u65b0\u624b&#xff0c;\u624b\u628a\u624b\u6559\u4f60\u5b8c\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 \u5199\u5728\u524d\u9762<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u521a\u4e70\u4e86\u4e00\u53f0\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u88c5\u4e0a\u4e86\u5b9d\u5854\u9762\u677f\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u8b66\u544a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8b66\u544a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u4e13\u4e1a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u63d0\u9192\u4f60&#xff1a;\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u590d\u3002<br \/>\n\u672c\u6587\u4f1a\u5e26\u4f60\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e0d\u9700\u8981<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":73108,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[103,61,43],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-73111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-ubuntu","tag-61","tag-43"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ubuntu\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/73111.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ubuntu\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ubuntu \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357&#xff1a;\u4ece\u5c0f\u767d\u5230\u5165\u95e8 \u672c\u6587\u9002\u5408 Linux \u65b0\u624b&#xff0c;\u624b\u628a\u624b\u6559\u4f60\u5b8c\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 \u5199\u5728\u524d\u9762 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