{"id":73044,"date":"2026-02-06T23:17:34","date_gmt":"2026-02-06T15:17:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/73044.html"},"modified":"2026-02-06T23:17:34","modified_gmt":"2026-02-06T15:17:34","slug":"%e8%ae%a1%e7%ae%97%e6%9c%ba%e4%b8%89%e7%ba%a7%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af-%e4%b9%8b-%e5%9b%9b-%e8%b7%af%e7%94%b1%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/73044.html","title":{"rendered":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e09\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f \u4e4b \u56db.\u8def\u7531\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840"},"content":{"rendered":"

4.1 \u57fa\u7840\u73af\u8282<\/h2>\n

4.1.1 \u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9<\/h4>\n

\u4e00.\u521d\u8bc6\u8def\u7531\u5668<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8def\u7531\u5668（Router）\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907，\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u95f4\u8d77\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u4f5c\u7528，\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7136\u540e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u4f20\u9001\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c.\u5206\u7ec4\u8f6c\u53d1<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5206\u7ec4\u8f6c\u53d1\u662f\u6307\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8f6c\u53d1IP\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e0e\u4e00\u53f0\u8def\u7531\u5668\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5，\u8fd9\u53f0\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5219\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u5668，\u4e5f\u53eb\u7b2c\u4e00\u8df3\u6216\u8005\u7f3a\u7701（sheng）\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u7ec4\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u5206\u7c7b：<\/p>\n

\u00b7 \u76f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u53d1：\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u7edc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00b7 \u95f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u53d1：\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n

\"\"
\n\u5206\u7ec4\u8f6c\u53d1\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n

\u4e09.\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u7c7b<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u7b97\u6cd5：\u5176\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u624b\u5de5\u914d\u7f6e\u7684，\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u624b\u5de5\u4fee\u6539\u8def\u7531\u8868\u9879，\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5316\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u7b97\u6cd5：\u5176\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea4\u6362\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f，\u7136\u540e\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e76\u4f18\u5316\u800c\u5f97\u51fa\u7684，\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7f51\u7edc，\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9699\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u65ad\u66f4\u65b0，\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u9009\u62e9\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

4.1.2 \u8def\u7531\u6c47\u805a<\/h4>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u65e0\u7c7b\u57df\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae（CIDR），\u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7\u5b50\u7f51\u5212\u5206\u7684\u76f8\u53cd\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u6c47\u805a\u8def\u7531\u8868\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u65e0\u7c7b\u57df\u95f4\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u524d\u7f00\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u8868\u9879，\u5177\u4f53\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u8868\u793a\u7531\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u524d\u7f00\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u5730\u5740\u201d\u4e24\u9879\u5185\u5bb9\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u53d8\u4e3a\u4ece\u5339\u914d\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u6709\u6700\u957f\u7f51\u7edc\u524d\u7f00\u7684\u8def\u7531\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u804c\u8d23\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u6700\u957f\u524d\u7f00\u5339\u914d\u201d\u7684\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\n\u8def\u7531\u6c47\u805a\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n

4.1.2 \u8def\u7531\u6c47\u805a\u4e60\u9898***<\/span><\/h4>\n

\u4e00.\u9009\u62e9\u9898<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

211.168.15.192\/26 =>\u00a0211.168.15.1100 0000\/26<\/p>\n

211.168.15.160\/27\u00a0=>\u00a0211.168.15.1010 0000\/27<\/p>\n

211.168.15.160\/27\u00a0=>\u00a0211.168.15.1000 0000\/27<\/p>\n

\u2460\u5148\u805a\u5408 \/27 \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a => \/26；\u2461\u518d\u805a\u5408 \/26 \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a => \/25<\/p>\n

\u5219：\u2460 211.168.15.\u00a010<\/span>10 0000\/27<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 211.168.15.\u00a010<\/span>00 0000\/27\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0211.168.15.1<\/span>0<\/span>00 0000\/26<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2461211.168.15.\u00a01<\/span>0<\/span>00 0000\/26<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 211.168.15.\u00a01<\/span>1<\/span>00 0000\/26\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0211.168.15.1<\/span>0<\/span>00 0000\/25 =\u00a0211.168.15.128\/25<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

202.113.79.0\/27 =>\u00a0202.113.79.0000 0000\/27<\/p>\n

202.113.79.32\/27 =>\u00a0202.113.79.0010 0000\/27<\/p>\n

202.113.79.64\/26\u00a0=>\u00a0202.113.79.0100 0000\/26<\/p>\n

\u2460\u5148\u805a\u5408 \/27 \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a => \/26；\u2461\u518d\u805a\u5408 \/26 \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a => \/25<\/p>\n

\u5219：\u2460 202.113.79.\u00a0000<\/span>0 0000\/27<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 202.113.79.\u00a0001<\/span>0 0000\/27\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0202.113.79.00<\/span>00 0000\/26<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2461202.113.79.\u00a000<\/span>00 0000\/26<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 202.113.79.\u00a001<\/span>00 0000\/26\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0202.113.79.00<\/span>00 0000\/25 =\u00a0202.113.79.0\/25<\/p>\n

32-25=7<\/p>\n

\u7ecf\u8fc7\u805a\u5408\u8fc7\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u6570\u4e3a 2^7-2=128-2=126<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

202.111.15.128\/28\u00a0=>\u00a0202.111.15.1000 0000\/28<\/p>\n

202.111.15.144\/28\u00a0=>\u00a0202.113.79.0010 0000\/28<\/p>\n

202.111.15.160\/28\u00a0=>\u00a0202.113.79.0100 0000\/28<\/p>\n

\u2460\u5148\u805a\u5408 \/27 \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a => \/26；\u2461\u518d\u805a\u5408 \/26 \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a => \/25<\/p>\n

\u5219：\u2460 202.111.15.\u00a01000<\/span>\u00a00000\/28<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 202.111.15.\u00a01001<\/span>\u00a00000\/28\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0202.111.15.100<\/span>0<\/span> 0000\/27<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2461\u00a0202.111.15.\u00a0010<\/span>0 0000\/27\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 202.111.15.\u00a0100<\/span>0 0000\/28\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0=> \/27 \u548c \/28 \u65e0\u6cd5\u805a\u5408<\/p>\n

32-27=5\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 32-28=4<\/p>\n

\u7ecf\u8fc7\u805a\u5408\u8fc7\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u6570\u4e3a 2^5-2=32-2=30<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02^4-2=16-2=14\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 => 30+14=44<\/p>\n

\u4e8c.\u586b\u7a7a\u9898<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

61. 172.0.147.194\u00a0=>\u00a0172.0.147.1100 00<\/span>10<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0172.0.147.193 =>\u00a0172.0.147.1100 00<\/span>01 =>\u00a0172.0.147.1100 00<\/span>00 => 172.0.147.192 \/ 30<\/p>\n

62. 172.0.147.197\u00a0=>\u00a0172.0.147.1100 01<\/span>01<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0172.0.147.198\u00a0=>\u00a0172.0.147.1100 01<\/span>10\u00a0=>\u00a0172.0.147.1100 01<\/span>00 => 172.0.147.196\u00a0\/ 30<\/p>\n

63.172.0.147.163\u00a0=>\u00a0172.0.147.1010 00<\/span>11<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0172.0.147.161\u00a0=>\u00a0172.0.147.1010 00<\/span>01<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0172.0.147.162\u00a0=>\u00a0172.0.147.1010 00<\/span>10<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u805a\u5408\u6210172.0.147.160\/30，\u5219\u80fd\u5206\u914d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u67092^2-2=2\u4e2a，\u6545\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u501f\u4f4d172.0.147.160\/29，\u5219\u80fd\u5206\u914d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u67092^3-2=6\u4e2a>3\u4e2a，\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n

64.172.0.147.145\u00a0=>\u00a0172.0.147.1001\u00a000<\/span>01<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0172.0.147.144\u00a0=>\u00a0172.0.147.1001\u00a000<\/span>00<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0172.0.147.146\u00a0=>\u00a0172.0.147.1001\u00a000<\/span>10<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u805a\u5408\u6210172.0.147.144\/30，\u5219\u80fd\u5206\u914d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u67092^2-2=2\u4e2a，\u6545\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u501f\u4f4d172.0.147.144\/29，\u5219\u80fd\u5206\u914d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u67092^3-2=6\u4e2a>=3\u4e2a，\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46172.0.147.144\u5df2\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528，\u6545\u7ee7\u7eed\u501f\u4f4d172.0.147.144\/28，\u5df2\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528，<\/p>\n

\u7ee7\u7eed\u501f\u4f4d172.0.147.128\/27，\u672a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528，\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f：1.\u5224\u65ad\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u6570\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u8981\u6c42>=3；<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.\u68c0\u67e5\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528，\u82e5\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u5219\u7ee7\u7eed\u501f\u4f4d；<\/span><\/p>\n

65.172.0.001<\/span>0 0000.0<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0172.0.001<\/span>0 0001.0<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0172.0.001<\/span>0 0010.0<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0172.0.001<\/span>0 0011.0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0172.0.0010<\/span>\u00a000<\/span>00.0 \/ 22 => 172.0.32<\/span>.0 \/ 22<\/p>\n

66.172.0.010<\/span>0 0000.0<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0172.0.010<\/span>0 0001.0<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0172.0.010<\/span>0 0010.0<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0172.0.010<\/span>0 0011.0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 =>\u00a0172.0.0100<\/span> 00<\/span>00.0 \/ 22 => 172.0.64<\/span>.0 \/ 22<\/p>\n

4.2\u00a0\u5b9e\u8bad\u73af\u8282<\/h2>\n

4.2.1 \u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0eInternet\u7684\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u534f\u8bae<\/h4>\n

\u4e00.\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Internet\u91c7\u7528\u5206\u5c42\u7684\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae，\u5c06\u6574\u4e2aInternet\u5212\u5206\u6210\u8bb8\u591a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9：<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00b7 \u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e86\u89e3\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00b7 \u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8981\u5411\u4e3b\u8def\u7531\u5668\u62a5\u544a\u5185\u90e8\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u534f\u8bae：\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae（RIP\/OSPF）\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae（BGP）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c.\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u534f\u8bae<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 RIP（\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u534f\u8bae）\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ddd\u79bb\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u8df3\u6570\u201d\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n

4.2.2\u00a0\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae（RIP，\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u534f\u8bae,Routing Information Protocal）<\/h4>\n

\u4e00.RIP\u7684\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8def\u7531\u5237\u65b0\u62a5\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u7531\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a（V,D）\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0V<\/span>：\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a<\/span>；<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0D<\/span>：\u5bf9\u5e94\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u8df3\u6570<\/span>\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

RIP\u89c4\u5b9a，\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6bcf30\u79d2\u5411\u5916\u5e7f\u64ad\u4e00\u4e2a（V,D）\u62a5\u6587（\u5468\u671f\u6027）\u3002<\/p>\n

RIP\u89c4\u5b9a，\u4e00\u6761\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc715\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c.RIP\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n

（1）\u63a5\u53d7\u8def\u7531\u8868\u548c\u539f\u8868\u6bd4\u8f83\u662f\u5426\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n

（2）\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u9898：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

R1\u6536\u5230R2\u540e：0 4 4 2 2<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 R2\u4e3a：0 5 4 3 2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 -> \u654520.0.0.0\u548c40.0.0.0\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e0d\u53d8\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6545\u9009C<\/p>\n

4.2.3\u00a0\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae（OSPF，\u5f00\u653e\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u534f\u8bae，Open Source Path First）<\/h4>\n

\u4e00.OSPF\u534f\u8bae\u6982\u8ff0<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 OSPF\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u4f18\u5148（Open Source Path First）\u534f\u8bae，\u4e5f\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e00\u79cd，\u5b83\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3RIP\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u4f18\u5148\u534f\u8bae\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf（AS）\u5185\u90e8\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f，\u4e5f\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c.OSPF\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n

（1）OSPF\u534f\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f<\/span>\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u534f\u8bae，\u800cRIP\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8ddd\u79bb\u5411\u91cf\u534f\u8bae（\u4f7f\u7528\u8ddd\u79bb\u6216\u8df3\u6570\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u4f20\u8f93\u8def\u5f84）；<\/p>\n

（2）OSPF\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u672c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0e\u54ea\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\u5668\u76f8\u8fde，\u4ee5\u53ca\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u201c\u5ea6\u91cf<\/span>\u201d\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u8d39\u7528\u3001\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u5ef6\u65f6\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

（3）OSPF\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u5f53\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u7528\u201c\u6d2a\u6cdb\u6cd5<\/span>\u201d\u5411\u6240\u6709<\/span>\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u6b64\u4fe1\u606f，\u800cRIP\u4ec5\u5411\u81ea\u5df1\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u4ea4\u6362\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f；<\/p>\n

（4）OSPF\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u4ea4\u6362\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f，\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u6709\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001\u6570\u636e\u5e93，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u7f51<\/span>\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe；<\/p>\n

（5）\u4e3a\u4e86\u9002\u5e94\u89c4\u6a21\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>，\u5e76\u4f7f\u66f4\u65b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6536\u655b\u7684\u66f4\u5feb<\/span>，OSPF\u534f\u8bae\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\u518d\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u8303\u56f4，\u53eb\u505a\u533a\u57df<\/span>；<\/p>\n

（6）\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aOSPF\u533a\u57df\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u4ed6\u533a\u57df\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251；<\/p>\n

（7）\u6bcf\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a32\u4f4d<\/span>\u533a\u57df\u8868\u793a\u6cd5（\u7528\u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a），\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6570\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7200\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f：OSPF\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b：（1）\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316（2）\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd0\u884c（\u6d2a\u6cdb\u6cd5\u5411\u5168\u7f51\u66f4\u65b0\u94fe\u8def\u72b6\u6001）<\/p>\n

4.2.4\u00a0\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae（BGP，\u8fb9\u754c\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae，Border Gateway Protocol）<\/h4>\n

\u4e00.BGP\u534f\u8bae\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81：<\/p>\n

（1）BGP\u4e5f\u79f0\u8fb9\u5173\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae（\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae），\u662f\u5728AS\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u4f18\u5316\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

（2）BGP\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u77e2\u91cf\u201d\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae，BGP-4<\/span>\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8def\u7531\u5411\u91cf\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae<\/span>，\u4e0eRIP\u3001OSPF\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n

（3）\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1BGP\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93，BGP\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea4\u6362\u4fe1\u606f\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5efa\u7acbTCP\u8fde\u63a5：\u901a\u8fc7TCP\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u673a\u5236\u3001\u91cd\u4f20\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u673a\u5236\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1BGP\u6d88\u606f\u62a5\u6587\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

（4）BGP\u652f\u6301CIDR\u548c\u8def\u7531\u805a\u5408，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u805a\u5408\u5408\u6210\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5b50\u7f51（\u56fe\u7247\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u5206\u7c7b\u5730\u5740\u9650\u5236），\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u63a7\u5236\u8def\u7531\u8868\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u957f，\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8def\u7531\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

（5）\u4e0eIGP\u4e0d\u540c，BGP\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u6027\u662f\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5c5e\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u8def\u7531\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u7531\u7b56\u7565\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u8def\u7531\u5c5e\u6027，\u6216\u6839\u636e\u8def\u7531\u66f4\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8def\u7531\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u8def\u7531\u7b56\u7565，\u4ece\u800c\u4f7fBGP\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5bf9\u8def\u7531\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u8def\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

（6）BGP\u534f\u8bae\u4ea4\u6362\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570<\/span>\u662f\u4ee5<\/span>\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\u6570<\/span>\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8c.BGP\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u534f\u8bae\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n

（1）\u8fb9\u7f18\u8def\u7531\u5668\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/p>\n

（2）BGP\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u56db\u79cd\u5206\u7ec4<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00b7\u00a0\u6253\u5f00（Open）\u5206\u7ec4：\u7528\u6765\u4e0e\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aBGP\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u5efa\u7acb\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00b7 \u66f4\u65b0（Update）\u5206\u7ec4<\/span>：\u7528\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u67d0\u4e00\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5217\u51fa\u8981\u64a4\u9500\u7684\u591a\u6761\u8def\u7531\u3002\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6，\u5206\u7ec4\u901a\u77e5\u76f8\u90bb\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf（AS）<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00b7\u00a0\u4fdd\u6d3b（Keepalive）\u5206\u7ec4：\u7528\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u6253\u5f00\u62a5\u6587\u548c\u5468\u671f\u6027（30\u79d2）\u5730\u8bc1\u5b9e\u76f8\u90bb\u8fb9\u754c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00b7\u00a0\u901a\u77e5（Notification）\u5206\u7ec4：\u7528\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u5dee\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

4.1 \u57fa\u7840\u73af\u82824.1.1 \u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u4e00.\u521d\u8bc6\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8def\u7531\u5668（Router）\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907，\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u95f4\u8d77\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u4f5c\u7528，\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7136\u540e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u4f20\u9001\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u4e8c.\u5206\u7ec4\u8f6c\u53d1\u5206\u7ec4\u8f6c\u53d1\u662f\u6307\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8f6c\u53d1IP\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e0e\u4e00\u53f0\u8def\u7531\u5668\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5，\u8fd9\u53f0\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5219\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u7531\u5668，\u4e5f\u53eb\u7b2c\u4e00\u8df3\u6216\u8005\u7f3a\u7701（sheng）\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002\u5206\u7ec4\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u5206\u7c7b&#<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":73036,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[78,211],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-73044","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-78","tag-211"],"yoast_head":"\n\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e09\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f \u4e4b \u56db.\u8def\u7531\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840 - 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