\n| 🔄 \u53cc\u5411\u904d\u5386<\/td>\n | \u652f\u6301 ++it \u548c –it，\u4ee5\u53ca rbegin()\/rend()<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\u65b9\u6cd5 1：\u57fa\u4e8e\u8303\u56f4\u7684 for \u5faa\u73af（C++11 \u8d77，\u63a8\u8350）<\/h4>\n#include <iostream>
\n#include <list><\/p>\n std::list<int> mylist = {10, 20, 30, 40};
\nfor (const auto& elem : mylist) {
\n std::cout << elem << " ";
\n}
\n\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa: 10 20 30 40<\/p>\n \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20，\u53ef\u7528\u00a0auto&：<\/p>\n for (auto& elem : mylist) {
\n elem *= 2; \/\/ \u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7ffb\u500d
\n}<\/p>\n \u65b9\u6cd5 2：\u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/h4>\n\/\/ \u6b63\u5411\u904d\u5386
\nfor (auto it = mylist.begin(); it != mylist.end(); ++it) {
\n std::cout << *it << " ";
\n}<\/p>\n \/\/ \u53ea\u8bfb\u904d\u5386（\u66f4\u5b89\u5168）
\nfor (auto it = mylist.cbegin(); it != mylist.cend(); ++it) {
\n std::cout << *it << " ";
\n}<\/p>\n \u65b9\u6cd5 3：\u53cd\u5411\u904d\u5386（\u4ece\u5c3e\u5230\u5934）<\/h4>\nfor (auto rit = mylist.rbegin(); rit != mylist.rend(); ++rit) {
\n std::cout << *rit << " ";
\n}
\n\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa: 40 30 20 10<\/p>\n \u65b9\u6cd5 4：\u4f7f\u7528 std::for_each + lambda<\/h4>\n#include <algorithm><\/p>\n std::for_each(mylist.begin(), mylist.end(), [](int n) {
\n std::cout << n << " ";
\n});<\/p>\n \u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u793a<\/h4>\n\n- std::list\u00a0\u904d\u5386\u901f\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u00a0std::vector\u00a0\u6162（\u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed，\u7f13\u5b58\u4e0d\u53cb\u597d）\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\/\u5220\u9664，\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u00a0vector\u00a0\u6216\u00a0deque\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u904d\u5386map<\/h2>\n\n\u7279\u6027\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n \n\n| \u81ea\u52a8\u6392\u5e8f<\/td>\n | std::map \u5185\u90e8\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811，\u904d\u5386\u65f6\u6309\u952e\u5347\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| key \u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n | \u904d\u5386\u65f6 pair.first \u662f const，\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539 key<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| value \u53ef\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n | \u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 pair.second = newValue \u4fee\u6539\u503c（\u82e5\u7528\u975e const \u5f15\u7528）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| \u65e0\u91cd\u590d key<\/td>\n | \u63d2\u5165\u76f8\u540c key \u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u65e7\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u5728 C++ \u4e2d，std::map\u00a0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9（key-value）\u5173\u8054\u5bb9\u5668，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0std::pair<const Key, Value>\u3002\u904d\u5386\u00a0map\u00a0\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u6309\u952e\u7684\u5347\u5e8f\u81ea\u52a8\u6392\u5e8f（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0std::less<Key>）\u3002<\/p>\n \u65b9\u6cd5 1：\u57fa\u4e8e\u8303\u56f4\u7684 for \u5faa\u73af（C++11 \u8d77，\u63a8\u8350）<\/h4>\n#include <iostream>
\n#include <map>
\n#include <string><\/p>\n std::map<std::string, int> scores = {
\n {"Alice", 95},
\n {"Bob", 87},
\n {"Charlie", 92}
\n};<\/p>\n for (const auto& pair : scores) {
\n std::cout << pair.first << " => " << pair.second << "\\\\n";
\n}<\/p>\n \u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7ed1\u5b9a（C++17 \u8d77\u66f4\u6e05\u6670）：<\/p>\n for (const auto& [key, value] : scores) {
\n std::cout << key << " => " << value << "\\\\n";
\n}<\/p>\n \u65b9\u6cd5 2：\u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/h4>\nfor (auto it = scores.begin(); it != scores.end(); ++it) {
\n std::cout << it->first << " => " << it->second << "\\\\n";
\n}<\/p>\n \u65b9\u6cd5 3：\u4f7f\u7528 std::for_each + lambda<\/h4>\n#include <algorithm><\/p>\n std::for_each(scores.begin(), scores.end(), [](const auto& p) {
\n std::cout << p.first << " => " << p.second << "\\\\n";
\n});<\/p>\n \u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u6027\u603b\u89c8<\/h3>\n\n\u5bb9\u5668\u5e95\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5e8f\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u552f\u4e00\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u63d2\u5165\/\u5220\u9664\u6548\u7387（\u5178\u578b\u4f4d\u7f6e）\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u6807 []<\/tr>\n \n\n| vector<\/td>\n | \u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4<\/td>\n | \u5426<\/td>\n | \u5426<\/td>\n | \u2705 O(1)<\/td>\n | \u5c3e\u90e8：O(1)
\n\u4e2d\u95f4\/\u5934\u90e8：O(n)<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| deque<\/td>\n | \u5206\u6bb5\u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u7ec4<\/td>\n | \u5426<\/td>\n | \u5426<\/td>\n | \u2705 O(1)<\/td>\n | \u4e24\u7aef：O(1)
\n\u4e2d\u95f4：O(n)<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| list<\/td>\n | \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868<\/td>\n | \u5426<\/td>\n | \u5426<\/td>\n | \u274c<\/td>\n | \u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e：O(1)（\u9700\u8fed\u4ee3\u5230\u4f4d\u7f6e）<\/td>\n | \u274c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| set<\/td>\n | \u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811（\u5e73\u8861 BST）<\/td>\n | \u2705（\u6309\u952e）<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u274c<\/td>\n | \u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e：O(log n)<\/td>\n | \u274c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| map<\/td>\n | \u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811<\/td>\n | \u2705（\u6309\u952e）<\/td>\n | \u2705（key \u552f\u4e00）<\/td>\n | \u274c<\/td>\n | \u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e：O(log n)<\/td>\n | \u2705（map[key]，\u4f46\u4f1a\u63d2\u5165\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n\n\u5bb9\u5668\u8303\u56f4 for\u4e0b\u6807 []\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u53cd\u5411\u904d\u5386\u904d\u5386\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20<\/tr>\n \n\n| vector<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705（\u975e const）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| deque<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| list<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u274c<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| set<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u274c<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u274c（key \u662f const）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| map<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u274c（\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u904d\u5386）<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u2705（\u53ef\u6539 value，\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539 key）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4（\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6）<\/h5>\n\n\u64cd\u4f5cvectordequelistset \/ map<\/tr>\n \n\n| \u5c3e\u90e8\u63d2\u5165<\/td>\n | O(1) amortized<\/td>\n | O(1)<\/td>\n | O(1)<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| \u5934\u90e8\u63d2\u5165<\/td>\n | O(n)<\/td>\n | O(1)<\/td>\n | O(1)<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| \u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165<\/td>\n | O(n)<\/td>\n | O(n)<\/td>\n | O(1)*<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| \u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n | O(1)<\/td>\n | O(1)<\/td>\n | O(n)<\/td>\n | \u274c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| \u67e5\u627e（\u6309\u503c）<\/td>\n | O(n)<\/td>\n | O(n)<\/td>\n | O(n)<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| \u5220\u9664（\u5df2\u77e5\u4f4d\u7f6e）<\/td>\n | O(n)<\/td>\n | O(n)<\/td>\n | O(1)<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| \u5185\u5b58\u5c40\u90e8\u6027<\/td>\n | \u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n | \u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n | \u2b50<\/td>\n | \u2b50\u2b50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n\n\u5bb9\u5668\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/tr>\n \n\n| vector<\/td>\n | – \u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee
\n– \u6570\u636e\u91cf\u56fa\u5b9a\u6216\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u5c3e\u90e8\u589e\u5220
\n– \u5bf9\u7f13\u5b58\u53cb\u597d（\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5faa\u73af）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| deque<\/td>\n | – \u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e24\u7aef\u9ad8\u6548\u63d2\u5165\/\u5220\u9664（\u5982\u961f\u5217\u3001\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3）
\n– \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| list<\/td>\n | – \u9700\u8981\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u9891\u7e41\u63d2\u5165\/\u5220\u9664（\u4e14\u5df2\u6709\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668）
\n– \u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8fde\u7eed\u6027
\n– \u5b9e\u73b0 LRU \u7f13\u5b58\u7b49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| set<\/td>\n | – \u9700\u8981\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u91cd + \u81ea\u52a8\u6392\u5e8f
\n– \u5feb\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| map<\/td>\n | – \u9700\u8981\u952e\u503c\u6620\u5c04 + \u81ea\u52a8\u6309\u952e\u6392\u5e8f
\n– \u5feb\u901f\u901a\u8fc7 key \u67e5\u627e value<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\u5b8c\u6574\u5bb9\u5668\u5217\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\u5bb9\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5e8f\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/tr>\n \n\n| std::set<\/td>\n | \u2705 \u662f<\/td>\n | \u274c \u5426<\/td>\n | \u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811（\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811）<\/td>\n | <set><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| std::multiset<\/td>\n | \u2705 \u662f<\/td>\n | \u2705 \u662f<\/td>\n | \u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811<\/td>\n | <set><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| std::unordered_set<\/td>\n | \u274c \u5426<\/td>\n | \u274c \u5426<\/td>\n | \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 + \u94fe\u5730\u5740\u6cd5（\u6216\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740）<\/td>\n | <unordered_set><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| std::unordered_multiset<\/td>\n | \u274c \u5426<\/td>\n | \u2705 \u662f<\/td>\n | \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868<\/td>\n | <unordered_set><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| std::map<\/td>\n | \u2705 \u662f<\/td>\n | \u274c \u5426（key \u552f\u4e00）<\/td>\n | \u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811<\/td>\n | <map><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| std::multimap<\/td>\n | \u2705 \u662f<\/td>\n | \u2705 \u662f（\u76f8\u540c key \u53ef\u591a\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0）<\/td>\n | \u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811<\/td>\n | <map><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| std::unordered_map<\/td>\n | \u274c \u5426<\/td>\n | \u274c \u5426（key \u552f\u4e00）<\/td>\n | \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868<\/td>\n | <unordered_map><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| std::unordered_multimap<\/td>\n | \u274c \u5426<\/td>\n | \u2705 \u662f<\/td>\n | \u54c8\u5e0c\u8868<\/td>\n | <unordered_map><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u00a0\u6240\u6709\u00a0unordered_*\u00a0\u5bb9\u5668\u8981\u6c42\u00a0key \u7c7b\u578b\u652f\u6301\u54c8\u5e0c（\u5373\u63d0\u4f9b\u00a0std::hash<Key>\u00a0\u7279\u5316），\u5426\u5219\u9700\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n \n\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6bd4（\u5e73\u5747 \/ \u6700\u574f）<\/p>\n \n\u64cd\u4f5cset \/ map
\n（\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811）multiset \/ multimapunordered_*
\n（\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868）<\/tr>\n \n\n| \u63d2\u5165<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n | \u5e73\u5747 O(1)
\n\u6700\u574f O(n)（\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u4e25\u91cd\u6216 rehash）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| \u5220\u9664<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n | \u5e73\u5747 O(1)
\n\u6700\u574f O(n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| \u67e5\u627e（by key）<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n | O(log n)<\/td>\n | \u5e73\u5747 O(1)
\n\u6700\u574f O(n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2
\n（\u5982 lower_bound）<\/td>\n | \u2705 O(log n)<\/td>\n | \u2705<\/td>\n | \u274c（\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6709\u5e8f\u8303\u56f4）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| \u904d\u5386\u5168\u90e8\u5143\u7d20<\/td>\n | O(n)，\u6709\u5e8f<\/td>\n | O(n)，\u6709\u5e8f<\/td>\n | O(n)，\u65e0\u5e8f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u904d\u5386vector1.\u00a0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8303\u56f4\u7684 for \u5faa\u73af（C11 \u8d77\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528）#include
\n#include std::vector vec {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};for (const auto& element : vec) {std::cout << element << \\" \\";
\n}\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0const auto&\u00a0\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d（\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9\u5927\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u6709\u7528）\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[55,190],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-72550","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-c","tag-190"],"yoast_head":"\n c++\u904d\u5386\u5bb9\u5668\uff08vector\u3001list\u3001set\u3001map - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/72550.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"c++\u904d\u5386\u5bb9\u5668\uff08vector\u3001list\u3001set\u3001map - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u904d\u5386vector1.\u00a0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8303\u56f4\u7684 for \u5faa\u73af（C11 \u8d77\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528）#include #include std::vector vec {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};for (const auto& element : vec) {std::cout << element << " "; 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