{"id":71977,"date":"2026-02-04T18:05:12","date_gmt":"2026-02-04T10:05:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/71977.html"},"modified":"2026-02-04T18:05:12","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T10:05:12","slug":"c%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/71977.html","title":{"rendered":"C\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728C\u8bed\u8a00\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u624b\u6bb5，\u80fd\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u8131\u79bb\u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236\u3001\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u6307\u9488\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u987a\u5e8f\/\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199，\u5230\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5224\u65ad，\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u62c6\u89e3C\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9，\u9644\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4e0e\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357，\u96f6\u57fa\u7840\u4e5f\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u638c\u63e1\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\n

\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6，\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9000\u51fa\/\u7535\u8111\u5173\u673a\u540e\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e22\u5931；
\n\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316，\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d，\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u8de8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5206\u7c7b（\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c6\u89d2）<\/h2>\n

\u5728C\u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e24\u7c7b，\u6838\u5fc3\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u6210\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u4ec5\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\/\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u89e3\u6790，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bfb\u5199：<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6：\u540e\u7f00.c，\u7f16\u5199\u7684C\u8bed\u8a00\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6：\u540e\u7f00.obj，\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6（Windows\u7cfb\u7edf）<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6：\u540e\u7f00.exe，\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u94fe\u63a5\u540e\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u6587\u4ef6（Windows\u7cfb\u7edf）<\/p>\n

2.2 \u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e，\u6bd4\u5982\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002
\n\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u89c4\u8303：\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u75313\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210，\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 + \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3b\u5e72 + \u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u7f00，\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84：D:\\\\C_Code\\\\project\\\\test.txt<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84：.\/data\/info.dat（.\/\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55）<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 vs \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6（\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5f62\u5f0f）<\/h2>\n

\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u683c\u5f0f，\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6，\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u522b\u662f\u662f\u5426\u6309ASCII\u7801\u8f6c\u6362\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n

3.1 \u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

\u2022 \u6570\u636e\u4ee5ASCII\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8，\u53ef\u88ab\u8bb0\u4e8b\u672c\u3001VS Code\u7b49\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5f00\u67e5\u770b<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5b58\u50a8\u524d\u9700\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aASCII\u7801，\u5b58\u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u5f00\u9500<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u6574\u657010000（\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d4\u5b57\u8282\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236），\u4f1a\u88ab\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a1\u30010\u30010\u30010\u300105\u4e2aASCII\u5b57\u7b26，\u53605\u5b57\u8282<\/p>\n

3.2 \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

\u2022 \u6570\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u6309\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8，\u65e0\u9700\u8f6c\u6362，\u65e0\u683c\u5f0f\u5f00\u9500<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u8bc6\u522b（\u6253\u5f00\u4e3a\u4e71\u7801），\u9700\u5bf9\u5e94\u7a0b\u5e8f\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u6574\u657010000\u76f4\u63a5\u63094\u5b57\u8282\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5b58\u50a8，\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u66f4\u5c0f<\/p>\n

3.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u7279\u6027<\/td>\n\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b58\u50a8\u683c\u5f0f<\/td>\nASCII\u5b57\u7b26<\/td>\n\u5185\u5b58\u539f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027<\/td>\n\u9ad8（\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5f00）<\/td>\n\u4f4e（\u4e71\u7801）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528<\/td>\n\u8f83\u5927<\/td>\n\u8f83\u5c0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8bfb\u5199\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n\u8f83\u4f4e（\u9700\u8f6c\u6362）<\/td>\n\u8f83\u9ad8（\u65e0\u8f6c\u6362）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u7b49\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u56db\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488（FILE*）\u2014\u2014 \u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u53e5\u67c4<\/h2>\n

4.1 \u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u533a<\/h3>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u53d8\u91cf，\u79f0\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u533a\u3002
\n\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4fe1\u606f：\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5f53\u524d\u8bfb\u5199\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5730\u5740\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u3002
\nC\u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u901a\u7528\u540dFILE（\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684FILE\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7565\u6709\u5dee\u5f02，\u4f46\u6838\u5fc3\u6210\u5458\u4e00\u81f4）\u3002<\/p>\n

4.2 \u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n

\u2022 \u5b9a\u4e49：FILE* \u6307\u9488\u540d;（\u5982FILE* pf;），FILE*\u662f\u6307\u5411FILE\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u533a，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c，\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u8be5\u6307\u9488\u5b8c\u6210（\u65e0\u9700\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5cFILE\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53）<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6ce8\u610f：\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u4ec5\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u540e\u6709\u6548，\u6587\u4ef6\u5173\u95ed\u540e\u5931\u6548，\u9700\u53ca\u65f6\u7f6eNULL\u907f\u514d\u91ce\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n

4.3 \u6807\u51c6\u6d41\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488（\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6253\u5f00）<\/h3>\n

C\u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6，\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6253\u5f003\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u6d41\u6587\u4ef6，\u5bf9\u5e943\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488，\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6807\u51c6\u6d41\u6307\u9488<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u5e94\u8bbe\u5907<\/td>\n\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
stdin<\/td>\n\u952e\u76d8<\/td>\n\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6d41<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
stdout<\/td>\n\u5c4f\u5e55<\/td>\n\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
stderr<\/td>\n\u5c4f\u5e55<\/td>\n\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u793a\u4f8b：fputc('a', stdout); \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8eprintf("a");，\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26a\u3002 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6253\u5f00（fopen）\u4e0e\u5173\u95ed（fclose）\u2014\u2014 \u5fc5\u6210\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528<\/h2>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6d41\u7a0b：\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6(fopen) \u2192 \u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6 \u2192 \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6(fclose)，\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u5fc5\u987b\u6210\u5bf9\u51fa\u73b0，\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6587\u4ef6\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

5.1 \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6：fopen\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h> \u00a0\/\/ \u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b
\nFILE *fopen(const char *filename, const char *mode);<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n

\u2022 filename：\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b，\u4f20\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84+\u6587\u4ef6\u540d（\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\/\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84）<\/p>\n

\u2022 mode：\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b，\u4f20\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f，\u51b3\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6210\u529f：\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u533a\u7684FILE*\u6307\u9488（\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488）<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5931\u8d25：\u8fd4\u56deNULL（\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef），\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u7801<\/p>\n

\u5fc5\u505a\u64cd\u4f5c：\u5224\u7a7a<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8efopen\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u8d25，\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u5fc5\u987b\u5224\u65ad\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e3aNULL，\u907f\u514d\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u91ce\u6307\u9488：<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u793a\u4f8b：\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00test.txt
\nFILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "r");
\nif (pf == NULL) \u00a0\/\/ \u5224\u7a7a：\u5931\u8d25\u5219\u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u9000\u51fa
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 perror("fopen fail"); \u00a0\/\/ perror：\u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u539f\u56e0（\u9700\u5305\u542bstdio.h）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 return 1; \u00a0\/\/ \u975e0\u9000\u51fa，\u6807\u8bc6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f02\u5e38
\n}
\n\/\/ \u6210\u529f\u5219\u7ee7\u7eed\u540e\u7eed\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

5.2 \u6838\u5fc3：\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f（mode）<\/h3>\n

mode\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf（\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7），\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u6743\u9650，\u6700\u5e38\u7528r\/w\/a\/rb\/wb，\u5176\u4f59\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f，\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5f0f\u8be6\u89e3\u5982\u4e0b（\u5206\u6587\u672c\/\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236）：<\/p>\n

\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f（\u6838\u5fc3）<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u4e2d\u6587\u63cf\u8ff0<\/td>\n\u6838\u5fc3\u6743\u9650<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u65f6<\/td>\n\u521d\u59cb\u8bfb\u5199\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"r"<\/td>\n\u53ea\u8bfb\u6253\u5f00<\/td>\n\u4ec5\u8bfb，\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199<\/td>\n\u6253\u5f00\u5931\u8d25<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"w"<\/td>\n\u53ea\u5199\u6253\u5f00<\/td>\n\u4ec5\u5199，\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u6e05\u7a7a\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"a"<\/td>\n\u8ffd\u52a0\u5199\u5165<\/td>\n\u4ec5\u5199，\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"r+"<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u5199\u6253\u5f00<\/td>\n\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199<\/td>\n\u6253\u5f00\u5931\u8d25<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"w+"<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u5199\u521b\u5efa<\/td>\n\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u6e05\u7a7a\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"a+"<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u5199\u8ffd\u52a0<\/td>\n\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f（\u6838\u5fc3）<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u540e\u52a0b（binary），\u8868\u793a\u6309\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c，\u65e0ASCII\u8f6c\u6362，\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5f0f：<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u4e2d\u6587\u63cf\u8ff0<\/td>\n\u6838\u5fc3\u6743\u9650<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u65f6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"rb"<\/td>\n\u53ea\u8bfb\u6253\u5f00\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236<\/td>\n\u4ec5\u8bfb，\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236<\/td>\n\u6253\u5f00\u5931\u8d25<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"wb"<\/td>\n\u53ea\u5199\u6253\u5f00\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236<\/td>\n\u4ec5\u5199，\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u6e05\u7a7a\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
"ab"<\/td>\n\u8ffd\u52a0\u5199\u5165\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236<\/td>\n\u4ec5\u5199，\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u610f<\/span><\/p>\n

1. "r"\u662f\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6，\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u5931\u8d25，\u907f\u514d\u8bef\u521b\u5efa；<\/p>\n

2. "w"\u6a21\u5f0f\u614e\u7528，\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u6e05\u7a7a\u5185\u5bb9，\u65e0\u6cd5\u6062\u590d；<\/p>\n

3. "a"\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u8ffd\u52a0\u5199，\u6240\u6709\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9，\u9002\u5408\u5199\u65e5\u5fd7；<\/p>\n

4. \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684b\u5fc5\u987b\u5c0f\u5199，\u90e8\u5206\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668（\u5982VC++）\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5927\u5199B\u3002<\/p>\n

5.3 \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6：fclose\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\nint fclose(FILE *stream);<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n

\u2022 stream：\u4f20\u5165\u9700\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488（fopen\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6307\u9488）<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6210\u529f：\u8fd4\u56de0<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5931\u8d25：\u8fd4\u56deEOF（EOF\u662fC\u8bed\u8a00\u5e38\u91cf，\u503c\u4e3a-1，\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728stdio.h\u4e2d）<\/p>\n

\u5fc5\u505a\u64cd\u4f5c：\u5173\u95ed\u540e\u7f6eNULL<\/p>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\u5173\u95ed\u540e，\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u533a，\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u4e3a\u91ce\u6307\u9488，\u5fc5\u987b\u624b\u52a8\u7f6eNULL：<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u793a\u4f8b：\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488pf
\nif (fclose(pf) != 0) \u00a0\/\/ \u53ef\u9009：\u5224\u65ad\u5173\u95ed\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 perror("fclose fail");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 return 1;
\n}
\npf = NULL; \u00a0\/\/ \u6838\u5fc3：\u7f6eNULL，\u907f\u514d\u91ce\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n

5.4 \u6253\u5f00+\u5173\u95ed\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 1. \u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6test.txt
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "r");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 2. \u5224\u7a7a：\u6253\u5f00\u5931\u8d25\u5219\u9000\u51fa
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 if (pf == NULL)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 perror("fopen: test.txt");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return 1;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 3. \u6b64\u5904\u7f16\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u4ee3\u7801（\u6682\u65f6\u7701\u7565）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 4. \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fclose(pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 5. \u7f6eNULL，\u907f\u514d\u91ce\u6307\u9488
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 pf = NULL;<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5199\u2014\u2014\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u4ece\u5f00\u5934\/\u672b\u5c3e\u8bfb\u5199<\/h2>\n

\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5199\u662f\u6307：\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb，\u6309\u5b57\u8282\/\u5b57\u7b26\/\u884c\u7684\u987a\u5e8f，\u4f9d\u6b21\u8bfb\u5199，\u8bfb\u5199\u4f4d\u7f6e\u81ea\u52a8\u540e\u79fb，\u6838\u5fc3\u5bf9\u5e946\u7ec4\u51fd\u6570，\u6309\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u4f4d\u5206\u7c7b，\u9644\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b+\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u7f6e\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n

1. \u6240\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u9700\u5305\u542b<stdio.h>\u5934\u6587\u4ef6；<\/p>\n

2. \u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u7684stream\u5747\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488（fopen\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6307\u9488）；<\/p>\n

3. \u8bfb\u5199\u5931\u8d25\/\u5230\u8fbe\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u65f6，\u591a\u6570\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56deEOF\u6216NULL；<\/p>\n

4. \u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5747\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u6210\u529f\u201d，\u7701\u7565\u5224\u7a7a\u4ee3\u7801（\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0）\u3002<\/p>\n

6.1 \u5b57\u7b26\u7ea7\u8bfb\u5199：fputc（\u5199）+ fgetc（\u8bfb）\u2014\u2014 \u5355\u5b57\u7b26\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n

1. \u5199\u5b57\u7b26：fputc<\/h4>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：int fputc(int ch, FILE *stream);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u5c06\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u53c2\u6570：ch\u4e3a\u8981\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26（int\u578b\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u517c\u5bb9EOF，\u5b9e\u9645\u4f20char\u5373\u53ef）；stream\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26（ASCII\u503c）；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deEOF<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u5411test.txt\u5199\u5165\u5b57\u7b26a\u3001b\u3001c<\/p>\n

FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "w"); \u00a0\/\/ \u53ea\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00
\nfputc('a', pf);
\nfputc('b', pf);
\nfputc('c', pf); \u00a0\/\/ \u5199\u5165\u540e\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9：abc
\nfclose(pf);
\npf = NULL;<\/p>\n

2. \u8bfb\u5b57\u7b26：fgetc<\/h4>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：int fgetc(FILE *stream);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26，\u8bfb\u53d6\u540e\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u81ea\u52a8\u540e\u79fb1\u5b57\u8282<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u53c2\u6570：stream\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26（ASCII\u503c）；\u5230\u8fbe\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\/\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deEOF<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u8bfb\u53d6test.txt\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26（\u5185\u5bb9abc）<\/p>\n

FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "r"); \u00a0\/\/ \u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00
\nint ch = 0;
\n\/\/ \u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u53d6：\u76f4\u5230fgetc\u8fd4\u56deEOF（\u672b\u5c3e）
\nwhile ((ch = fgetc(pf)) != EOF)
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 printf("%c ", ch); \u00a0\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：a b c
\n}
\nfclose(pf);
\npf = NULL;<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5173\u952e：fgetc\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21，\u6307\u9488\u540e\u79fb\u4e00\u6b21，\u518d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26，\u76f4\u5230\u672b\u5c3e\u8fd4\u56deEOF\u3002<\/p>\n

6.2 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ea7\u8bfb\u5199：fputs（\u5199）+ fgets（\u8bfb）\u2014\u2014 \u6574\u884c\/\u6574\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n

1. \u5199\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32：fputs<\/h4>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：int fputs(const char *str, FILE *stream);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5199\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6（\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u6362\u884c\u7b26，\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\\\\n）<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u53c2\u6570：str\u4e3a\u8981\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32；stream\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u975e\u8d1f\u6570；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deEOF<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u5411test.txt\u5199\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32hello\u548cworld（\u6362\u884c）<\/p>\n

FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "w");
\nfputs("hello\\\\n", pf); \u00a0\/\/ \u624b\u52a8\u52a0\\\\n，\u5b9e\u73b0\u6362\u884c
\nfputs("world", pf); \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9：hello\\\\nworld
\nfclose(pf);
\npf = NULL;<\/p>\n

2. \u8bfb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32：fgets<\/h4>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：char *fgets(char *str, int num, FILE *stream);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u6700\u591anum-1\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26，\u5b58\u5165str\u6570\u7ec4，\u81ea\u52a8\u5728\u672b\u5c3e\u52a0'\\\\0' \u6784\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u505c\u6b62\u8bfb\u53d6\u76843\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5：\u2460 \u8bfb\u53d6\u4e86num-1\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26；\u2461 \u8bfb\u5230\u6362\u884c\u7b26\\\\n；\u2462 \u5230\u8fbe\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u53c2\u6570：str\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6570\u7ec4；num\u4e3a\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5b57\u7b26\u6570；stream\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56destr\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740；\u5230\u8fbe\u672b\u5c3e\/\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56deNULL<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u8bfb\u53d6test.txt\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32（\u5185\u5bb9hello\\\\nworld，\u6570\u7ec4\u5927\u5c0f10）<\/p>\n

FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "r");
\nchar buf[10] = {0}; \u00a0\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5b58\u50a8\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
\n\/\/ \u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u53d6：\u76f4\u5230fgets\u8fd4\u56deNULL
\nwhile (fgets(buf, 10, pf) != NULL)
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 printf("%s", buf); \u00a0\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：hello \u6362\u884c world
\n}
\nfclose(pf);
\npf = NULL;<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5173\u952e：fgets\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u6362\u884c\u7b26\\\\n，\u662f\u533a\u522b\u4e8egets（\u5df2\u5e9f\u5f03）\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u70b9，\u907f\u514d\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

6.3 \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8bfb\u5199：fprintf（\u5199）+ fscanf（\u8bfb）\u2014\u2014 \u6309\u683c\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c（\u7c7b\u4f3cprintf\/scanf）<\/h3>\n

1. \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5199：fprintf<\/h4>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：int fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, …);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u6309\u6307\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6（\u6bd4printf\u591a\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570stream，\u5176\u4f59\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4）<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f：\u5199\u5165\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3001\u6574\u6570\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7b49\u590d\u5408\u6570\u636e，\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u5c06\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53
\nstruct Student
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 char name[20];
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 int age;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 float score;
\n};
\nint main()
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 struct Student s = {"\u5f20\u4e09", 18, 95.5};
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 FILE* pf = fopen("student.txt", "w");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5199\u5165：\u683c\u5f0f\u7b26\u4e0eprintf\u4e00\u81f4
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fprintf(pf, "\u59d3\u540d：%s \u5e74\u9f84：%d \u6210\u7ee9：%.1f", s.name, s.age, s.score);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fclose(pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 pf = NULL;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 return 0;
\n}
\n\/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9：\u59d3\u540d：\u5f20\u4e09 \u5e74\u9f84：18 \u6210\u7ee9：95.5<\/p>\n

2. \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8bfb：fscanf<\/h4>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：int fscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format, …);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u6309\u6307\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e（\u6bd4scanf\u591a\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570stream，\u5176\u4f59\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4）<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f：\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6570\u636e，\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u5165\u53d8\u91cf\/\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u4ecestudent.txt\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5230\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/p>\n

struct Student
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 char name[20];
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 int age;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 float score;
\n};
\nint main()
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 struct Student s = {0};
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 FILE* pf = fopen("student.txt", "r");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8bfb\u53d6：\u683c\u5f0f\u7b26\u4e0e\u5199\u5165\u65f6\u4e00\u81f4
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fscanf(pf, "\u59d3\u540d：%s \u5e74\u9f84：%d \u6210\u7ee9：%f", s.name, &s.age, &s.score);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u6253\u5370\u9a8c\u8bc1：\u8f93\u51fa\u59d3\u540d：\u5f20\u4e09 \u5e74\u9f84：18 \u6210\u7ee9：95.500000
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 printf("\u59d3\u540d：%s \u5e74\u9f84：%d \u6210\u7ee9：%f", s.name, s.age, s.score);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fclose(pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 pf = NULL;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5173\u952e：\u8bfb\u53d6\u683c\u5f0f\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u5199\u5165\u683c\u5f0f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4，\u5426\u5219\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

6.4 \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8bfb\u5199：fwrite（\u5199）+ fread（\u8bfb）\u2014\u2014 \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5757\u64cd\u4f5c（\u9ad8\u6548）<\/h3>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6309\u5185\u5b58\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u8bfb\u5199，\u65e0ASCII\u8f6c\u6362，\u6548\u7387\u6700\u9ad8，\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u6700\u5c0f；<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5757（\u5982\u6574\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3001\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4），\u9002\u5408\u5b58\u50a8\u590d\u5408\u6570\u636e；<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5199\u5165\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6，\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00\u4e3a\u4e71\u7801，\u9700\u5bf9\u5e94\u7a0b\u5e8f\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5199：fwrite<\/h4>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t count, FILE *stream);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790（size_t\u662f\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570，\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728stdio.h）：<\/p>\n

\u25e6 ptr：\u8981\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9996\u5730\u5740（void*\u517c\u5bb9\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b）；<\/p>\n

\u25e6 size：\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5927\u5c0f（\u5982int\u4e3a4，\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4e3asizeof(\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53)）；<\/p>\n

\u25e6 count：\u8981\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2a\u6570；<\/p>\n

\u25e6 stream：\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2a\u6570；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u5c0f\u4e8ecount\u7684\u6570（\u62160）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u5c06\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u5199\u5165student.dat<\/p>\n

struct Student
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 char name[20];
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 int age;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 float score;
\n};
\nint main()
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6570\u7ec4\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 struct Student s[2] = {{"\u5f20\u4e09", 18, 95.5}, {"\u674e\u56db", 19, 90.0}};
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u53ea\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00（wb）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 FILE* pf = fopen("student.dat", "wb");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u5199\u5165：\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0fsizeof(struct Student)，\u4e2a\u65702
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fwrite(s, sizeof(struct Student), 2, pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fclose(pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 pf = NULL;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

2. \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8bfb：fread<\/h4>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t count, FILE *stream);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u4ece\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6count\u4e2asize\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u5b58\u5165ptr\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u53c2\u6570：\u4e0efwrite\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4（ptr\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u9996\u5730\u5740）<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5b9e\u9645\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2a\u6570；\u5230\u8fbe\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\/\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u5c0f\u4e8ecount\u7684\u6570（\u62160）<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u4ecestudent.dat\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u5230\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6570\u7ec4<\/p>\n

struct Student
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 char name[20];
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 int age;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 float score;
\n};
\nint main()
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 struct Student s[2] = {0}; \u00a0\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a0
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00（rb）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 FILE* pf = fopen("student.dat", "rb");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6：\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0fsizeof(struct Student)，\u4e2a\u65702
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 size_t ret = fread(s, sizeof(struct Student), 2, pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u6253\u5370\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 for (int i = 0; i < ret; i++)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 printf("\u59d3\u540d：%s \u5e74\u9f84：%d \u6210\u7ee9：%.1f\\\\n", s[i].name, s[i].age, s[i].score);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fclose(pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 pf = NULL;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 return 0;
\n}
\n\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：
\n\/\/ \u59d3\u540d：\u5f20\u4e09 \u5e74\u9f84：18 \u6210\u7ee9：95.5
\n\/\/ \u59d3\u540d：\u674e\u56db \u5e74\u9f84：19 \u6210\u7ee9：90.0<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5173\u952e：fread\/fwrite\u7684size\u548ccount\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u5199\u5165\u65f6\u4e00\u81f4，\u5426\u5219\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u9519\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n

6.5 \u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5199\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8868（\u6838\u5fc3）<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u51fd\u6570<\/td>\n\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\n\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u4f4d<\/td>\n\u9002\u7528\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u70b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fputc<\/td>\n\u5199<\/td>\n\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/td>\n\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u9010\u5b57\u7b26\u5199\u5165，\u65e0\u81ea\u52a8\u6362\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fgetc<\/td>\n\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/td>\n\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u9010\u5b57\u7b26\u8bfb\u53d6，\u6307\u9488\u81ea\u52a8\u540e\u79fb\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fputs<\/td>\n\u5199<\/td>\n\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>\n\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u9010\u4e32\u5199\u5165，\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\\\\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fgets<\/td>\n\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>\n\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u6700\u591a\u8bfbnum-1\u4e2a，\u4fdd\u7559\\\\n，\u52a0\\\\0\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fprintf<\/td>\n\u5199<\/td>\n\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u517c\u5bb9\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b，\u683c\u5f0f\u7075\u6d3b\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fscanf<\/td>\n\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u6309\u683c\u5f0f\u8bfb\u53d6，\u9700\u4e0e\u5199\u5165\u683c\u5f0f\u4e00\u81f4\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fwrite<\/td>\n\u5199<\/td>\n\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5757<\/td>\n\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u65e0\u8f6c\u6362，\u9ad8\u6548，\u9002\u5408\u590d\u5408\u6570\u636e\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fread<\/td>\n\u8bfb<\/td>\n\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5757<\/td>\n\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u65e0\u8f6c\u6362，\u9ad8\u6548，\u53c2\u6570\u9700\u4e25\u683c\u5339\u914d\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e03\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u2014\u2014\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8bfb\u5199（\u6838\u5fc33\u51fd\u6570）<\/h2>\n

\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5199\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u5f00\u5934\/\u672b\u5c3e\u4f9d\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c，\u800c\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488，\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u5199，\u6838\u5fc3\u4f9d\u8d563\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570：fseek（\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6307\u9488）\u3001ftell（\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u9488\u4f4d\u7f6e）\u3001rewind（\u91cd\u7f6e\u6307\u9488）\u3002<\/p>\n

7.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u524d\u63d0：\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u7684\u201c\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u201d<\/h3>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u8bfb\u5199\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u6838\u5fc3，\u9ed8\u8ba4\u89c4\u5219：<\/p>\n

\u2022 "r"\/"w"\u6a21\u5f0f：\u521d\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934（\u504f\u79fb\u91cf0）；<\/p>\n

\u2022 "a"\u6a21\u5f0f：\u521d\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e；<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5199\u65f6，\u6307\u9488\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u540e\u79fb（\u5982fgetc\u540e\u79fb1\u5b57\u8282，fgets\u540e\u79fbn\u5b57\u8282）；<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u672c\u8d28：\u624b\u52a8\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

7.2 \u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488：fseek（\u6838\u5fc3）<\/h3>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/p>\n

int fseek(FILE *stream, long int offset, int origin);<\/p>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n

\u2022 stream：\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n

\u2022 offset：\u504f\u79fb\u91cf（long int\u578b），\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282；\u6b63\u6570\u8868\u793a\u5411\u540e\u504f\u79fb，\u8d1f\u6570\u8868\u793a\u5411\u524d\u504f\u79fb<\/p>\n

\u2022 origin：\u504f\u79fb\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e，C\u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e863\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf，\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528：<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5e38\u91cf<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n\u542b\u4e49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SEEK_SET<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SEEK_CUR<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SEEK_END<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6210\u529f：\u8fd4\u56de0<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5931\u8d25：\u8fd4\u56de\u975e0\u503c<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b：\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3aabcdef（6\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26，\u504f\u79fb\u91cf0-5），\u901a\u8fc7fseek\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6<\/p>\n

FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "r");
\nint ch = 0;
\n\/\/ 1. \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934（SEEK_SET）\u5411\u540e\u504f\u79fb3\u5b57\u8282，\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230d（\u504f\u79fb\u91cf3）
\nfseek(pf, 3, SEEK_SET);
\nch = fgetc(pf); \u00a0\/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6d
\nprintf("%c\\\\n", ch); \u00a0\/\/ \u8f93\u51fad<\/p>\n

\/\/ 2. \u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e（d，\u504f\u79fb3）\u5411\u524d\u504f\u79fb2\u5b57\u8282，\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230b（\u504f\u79fb1）
\nfseek(pf, -2, SEEK_CUR);
\nch = fgetc(pf); \u00a0\/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6b
\nprintf("%c\\\\n", ch); \u00a0\/\/ \u8f93\u51fab<\/p>\n

\/\/ 3. \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e（SEEK_END）\u5411\u524d\u504f\u79fb2\u5b57\u8282，\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230e（\u504f\u79fb4）
\nfseek(pf, -2, SEEK_END);
\nch = fgetc(pf); \u00a0\/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6e
\nprintf("%c\\\\n", ch); \u00a0\/\/ \u8f93\u51fae<\/p>\n

fclose(pf);
\npf = NULL;<\/p>\n

7.3 \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6307\u9488\u504f\u79fb\u91cf：ftell<\/h3>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/p>\n

long int ftell(FILE *stream);<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u504f\u79fb\u91cf（long int\u578b）<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6210\u529f：\u8fd4\u56de\u504f\u79fb\u91cf（\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570）<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5931\u8d25：\u8fd4\u56de-1L（long\u578b\u7684-1）<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b：\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6307\u9488\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/p>\n

FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "r");
\nfseek(pf, 3, SEEK_SET);
\nlong pos = ftell(pf);
\nprintf("%ld\\\\n", pos); \u00a0\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa3（\u5f53\u524d\u504f\u79fb\u91cf3）
\nfclose(pf);
\npf = NULL;<\/p>\n

7.4 \u91cd\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u5230\u5f00\u5934：rewind<\/h3>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/p>\n

void rewind(FILE *stream);<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n

1. \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u91cd\u7f6e\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934（\u504f\u79fb\u91cf0）；<\/p>\n

2. \u540c\u65f6\u6e05\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6807\u5fd7\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u5fd7（feof\/ferror\u7684\u6807\u5fd7）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e0\u8fd4\u56de\u503c，\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b：\u8bfb\u53d6\u540e\u901a\u8fc7rewind\u91cd\u7f6e\u6307\u9488，\u91cd\u65b0\u8bfb\u53d6<\/p>\n

FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "r");
\nint ch = fgetc(pf); \u00a0\/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6a，\u6307\u9488\u504f\u79fb1
\nprintf("%c\\\\n", ch); \u00a0\/\/ \u8f93\u51faa
\nrewind(pf); \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ \u91cd\u7f6e\u6307\u9488\u5230\u5f00\u5934（\u504f\u79fb0）
\nch = fgetc(pf); \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ \u518d\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6a
\nprintf("%c\\\\n", ch); \u00a0\/\/ \u8f93\u51faa
\nfclose(pf);
\npf = NULL;<\/p>\n

7.5 \u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u5b8c\u6574\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "w");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fputs("abcdef", pf); \u00a0\/\/ \u5199\u5165abcdef，\u504f\u79fb0-5
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fclose(pf);<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 pf = fopen("test.txt", "r");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 int ch = 0;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 1. \u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u504f\u79fb3（d）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fseek(pf, 3, SEEK_SET);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 ch = fgetc(pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 printf("\u504f\u79fb3：%c\\\\n", ch); \u00a0\/\/ d
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 2. \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u504f\u79fb\u91cf
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 printf("\u5f53\u524d\u504f\u79fb：%ld\\\\n", ftell(pf)); \u00a0\/\/ 4
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 3. \u91cd\u7f6e\u5230\u5f00\u5934
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 rewind(pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 printf("\u91cd\u7f6e\u540e\u504f\u79fb：%ld\\\\n", ftell(pf)); \u00a0\/\/ 0
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 4. \u4ece\u672b\u5c3e\u5411\u524d\u504f\u79fb2（e）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 fseek(pf, -2, SEEK_END);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 ch = fgetc(pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 printf("\u672b\u5c3e\u524d2：%c\\\\n", ch); \u00a0\/\/ e<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 fclose(pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 pf = NULL;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u516b\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u4e0e\u9519\u8bef\u5224\u65ad\u2014\u2014feof + ferror（\u5fc5\u7528）<\/h2>\n

8.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u8bef\u533a：feof\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n

feof\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f\u7684，\u800c\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u201c\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u201d：<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd：\u2460 \u6b63\u5e38\u5230\u8fbe\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e（EOF）；\u2461 \u8bfb\u5199\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef（\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u635f\u574f\u3001\u6743\u9650\u4e22\u5931）；<\/p>\n

\u2022 feof\u7684\u4f5c\u7528：\u5f53\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f\u540e，\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u5230\u8fbe\u672b\u5c3e；<\/p>\n

\u2022 ferror\u7684\u4f5c\u7528：\u5f53\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f\u540e，\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n

8.2 \u6838\u5fc3\u51fd\u6570：feof + ferror<\/h3>\n

1. feof\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：int feof(FILE *stream);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u5230\u8fbe\u672b\u5c3e<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u662f（\u6b63\u5e38\u672b\u5c3e）\u8fd4\u56de\u975e0\u503c；\u5426\u8fd4\u56de0<\/p>\n

2. ferror\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：int ferror(FILE *stream);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u662f（\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef）\u8fd4\u56de\u975e0\u503c；\u5426\u8fd4\u56de0<\/p>\n

8.3 \u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b（\u5fc5\u80cc）<\/h3>\n

1. \u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u5199\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f（\u5982fgetc\u8fd4\u56deEOF，fgets\u8fd4\u56deNULL，fread\u8fd4\u56de0）；<\/p>\n

2. \u82e5\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f，\u518d\u901a\u8fc7feof\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u5230\u8fbe\u672b\u5c3e；<\/p>\n

3. \u540c\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7ferror\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n

8.4 \u5b8c\u6574\u793a\u4f8b：\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u539f\u56e0<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "r");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 if (pf == NULL)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 perror("fopen");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return 1;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 int ch = 0;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 1. \u901a\u8fc7fgetc\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 while ((ch = fgetc(pf)) != EOF)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 putchar(ch); \u00a0\/\/ \u6b63\u5e38\u8bfb\u53d6\u5219\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 printf("\\\\n");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ 2. \u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f\u540e，\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u56e0
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 if (feof(pf))
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 printf("\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f：\u6b63\u5e38\u5230\u8fbe\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\\\\n");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 else if (ferror(pf))
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 printf("\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f：\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\\\\n");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 fclose(pf);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 pf = NULL;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u4e5d\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u2014\u2014\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u4f18\u5316（\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5）<\/h2>\n

9.1 \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h3>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u5757\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4，\u79f0\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a（\u5206\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u7f13\u51b2\u533a），\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u6548\u7387\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

9.2 \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n

\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6d41\u7a0b<\/p>\n

\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u7528\u5199\u51fd\u6570（fputc\/fprintf\u7b49）\u2192 \u6570\u636e\u5148\u5199\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7f13\u51b2\u533a \u2192 \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1\/\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\/\u8c03\u7528fflush\/fclose \u2192 \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5199\u5165\u786c\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bfb\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6d41\u7a0b<\/p>\n

\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u7528\u8bfb\u51fd\u6570（fgetc\/fscanf\u7b49）\u2192 \u7cfb\u7edf\u5148\u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u6279\u6570\u636e\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a \u2192 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e \u2192 \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5b8c\u540e，\u518d\u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u6279\u3002<\/p>\n

9.3 \u6838\u5fc3\u51fd\u6570：fflush\u2014\u2014\u5f3a\u5236\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/h3>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/p>\n

int fflush(FILE *stream);<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n

\u5f3a\u5236\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u7acb\u5373\u5199\u5165\u786c\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6（\u5ffd\u7565\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6ee1）<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6210\u529f：\u8fd4\u56de0<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5931\u8d25：\u8fd4\u56de\u975e0\u503c<\/p>\n

\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n

\u9700\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528（\u5982\u5199\u91cd\u8981\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u9000\u51fa），\u907f\u514d\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6570\u636e\u56e0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u4e22\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b：\u5f3a\u5236\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/p>\n

FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "w");
\nfputc('a', pf); \u00a0\/\/ \u6570\u636e\u5148\u5b58\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u672a\u5199\u5165\u786c\u76d8
\nfflush(pf); \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ \u5f3a\u5236\u5237\u65b0，\u6570\u636e\u7acb\u5373\u5199\u5165\u786c\u76d8
\nfclose(pf);
\npf = NULL;<\/p>\n

9.4 \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n

1. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\/\u8c03\u7528fclose：\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931；<\/p>\n

2. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f02\u5e38\u5d29\u6e83：\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6570\u636e\u672a\u5199\u5165\u786c\u76d8，\u4f1a\u6c38\u4e45\u4e22\u5931；<\/p>\n

3. fflush\u4ec5\u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6709\u6548，\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u65e0\u4f5c\u7528；<\/p>\n

4. \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u7531\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\/\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u51b3\u5b9a（\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a4KB\u62168KB）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5341\u3001\u62d3\u5c55：sprintf + sscanf\u2014\u2014\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8bfb\u5199<\/h2>\n

\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u975e\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570，\u4f46\u4e0efprintf\/fscanf\u8bed\u6cd5\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e00\u81f4，\u7528\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362，\u5e38\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528，\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e：<\/p>\n

10.1 sprintf：\u5c06\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/h3>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：int sprintf(char *str, const char *format, …);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u6309\u683c\u5f0f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4str（\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d），\u751f\u6210\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u5c06\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\nstruct Student
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 char name[20];
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 int age;
\n};
\nint main()
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 struct Student s = {"\u5f20\u4e09", 18};
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 char buf[100] = {0};
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u5c06\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b58\u5165buf
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 sprintf(buf, "\u59d3\u540d：%s，\u5e74\u9f84：%d", s.name, s.age);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 printf("%s\\\\n", buf); \u00a0\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa：\u59d3\u540d：\u5f20\u4e09，\u5e74\u9f84：18
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

10.2 sscanf：\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8bfb\u53d6\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n

\u2022 \u539f\u578b：int sscanf(const char *str, const char *format, …);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4f5c\u7528：\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32str\u4e2d，\u6309\u683c\u5f0f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u793a\u4f8b：\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5230\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\nstruct Student
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 char name[20];
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 int age;
\n};
\nint main()
\n{
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 struct Student s = {0};
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 char buf[100] = "\u59d3\u540d：\u5f20\u4e09，\u5e74\u9f84：18";
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u4ecebuf\u4e2d\u6309\u683c\u5f0f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5230\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 sscanf(buf, "\u59d3\u540d：%s，\u5e74\u9f84：%d", s.name, &s.age);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 printf("\u59d3\u540d：%s，\u5e74\u9f84：%d\\\\n", s.name, s.age); \u00a0\/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u81f4
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

10.3 4\u4e2a\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u6bd4（\u6838\u5fc3）<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u51fd\u6570<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5411<\/td>\n\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td>\n\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
printf<\/td>\n\u7a0b\u5e8f \u2192 \u5c4f\u5e55<\/td>\n\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41<\/td>\n\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
scanf<\/td>\n\u952e\u76d8 \u2192 \u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td>\n\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6d41<\/td>\n\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8bfb\u53d6\u4ece\u952e\u76d8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fprintf<\/td>\n\u7a0b\u5e8f \u2192 \u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41<\/td>\n\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fscanf<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6 \u2192 \u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41<\/td>\n\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8bfb\u53d6\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sprintf<\/td>\n\u7a0b\u5e8f \u2192 \u5185\u5b58\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>\n\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4<\/td>\n\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sscanf<\/td>\n\u5185\u5b58\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \u2192 \u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td>\n\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4<\/td>\n\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u6570\u636e\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u4e0e\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357<\/h2>\n

1. \u5fd8\u8bb0\u5224\u7a7afopen\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u5bfc\u81f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u91ce\u6307\u9488，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83；<\/p>\n

2. \u6253\u5f00\u4e0e\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u914d\u5bf9：\u5bfc\u81f4\u6587\u4ef6\u6cc4\u6f0f，\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u88ab\u5360\u7528；<\/p>\n

3. \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u672a\u7f6eNULL：\u5bfc\u81f4\u91ce\u6307\u9488，\u540e\u7eed\u8bef\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f15\u53d1\u672a\u77e5\u9519\u8bef；<\/p>\n

4. \u6ee5\u7528"w"\u6a21\u5f0f：\u8bef\u6e05\u7a7a\u539f\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9，\u6570\u636e\u65e0\u6cd5\u6062\u590d；<\/p>\n

5. fread\/fwrite\u7684size\/count\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u5339\u914d：\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u9519\u4e71；<\/p>\n

6. \u7528feof\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f：\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u5224\u65ad；<\/p>\n

7. \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5339\u914d：\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9519\u8bef；<\/p>\n

8. \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00：\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u9519\u8bef（\u5982\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u8f6c\u6362）；<\/p>\n

9. \u5fd8\u8bb0\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a：\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931（\u91cd\u8981\u6570\u636e\u9700\u7528fflush）；<\/p>\n

10. \u8def\u5f84\u4e66\u5199\u9519\u8bef：\u5982Windows\u4e0b\u8def\u5f84\u7528\\\\\u9700\u8f6c\u4e49（D:\\\\\\\\test.txt），\u6216\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b（\u5fc5\u80cc）<\/h2>\n

1. \u5305\u542b\u5934\u6587\u4ef6：#include <stdio.h><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u5b9a\u4e49\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488：FILE* pf = NULL;<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6：pf = fopen(\u6587\u4ef6\u540d, \u6a21\u5f0f);<\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u5224\u7a7a：if (pf == NULL) { perror("fopen"); return 1; }<\/span><\/p>\n

5. \u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6：\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9fputc\/fgetc\/fprintf\/fread\u7b49\u51fd\u6570；<\/p>\n

6. \u5224\u65ad\u8bfb\u5199\u7ed3\u675f\u539f\u56e0：\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u7528feof+ferror\u5224\u65ad；<\/p>\n

7. \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6：fclose(pf);<\/span><\/p>\n

8. \u7f6eNULL：pf = NULL；<\/span><\/p>\n

9. \u8fd4\u56de0：\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5e38\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

C\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u80fd，\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u5173\u95ed\u3001\u6307\u9488\u8fd0\u7528，\u5230\u987a\u5e8f\/\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528，\u518d\u5230\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u673a\u5236\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u628a\u63a7，\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u5173\u4e4e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u68b3\u7406\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9，\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9，\u4fbf\u80fd\u7075\u6d3b\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u89e3\u6790\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u89c4\u8303\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001\u6ce8\u91cd\u7ec6\u8282，\u7262\u8bb0\u201c\u6253\u5f00\u5fc5\u5224\u7a7a\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u5fc5\u6821\u9a8c\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u5fc5\u7f6e\u7a7a\u201d\u7684\u539f\u5219，\u907f\u5f00\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bef\u533a，\u5c31\u80fd\u8ba9\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u6210\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u5229\u5668\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u53ef\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u591a\u505a\u7ec3\u4e60，\u5c06\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b9e\u64cd\u80fd\u529b，\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u3001\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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