{"id":70931,"date":"2026-02-02T21:40:39","date_gmt":"2026-02-02T13:40:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/70931.html"},"modified":"2026-02-02T21:40:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-02T13:40:39","slug":"mysql%e8%a1%a8%e7%ad%9b%e9%80%89%e5%88%86%e7%bb%84%e5%85%a8%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90%ef%bc%9a%e6%8e%92%e5%ba%8f%e3%80%81%e5%88%86%e7%bb%84%e4%b8%8e%e9%99%90%e5%88%b6%e7%9a%84%e8%89%ba%e6%9c%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/70931.html","title":{"rendered":"MySQL\u8868\u7b5b\u9009\u5206\u7ec4\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0e\u9650\u5236\u7684\u827a\u672f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001ORDER BY：\u8ba9\u6570\u636e\u6709\u5e8f\u6392\u5217<\/h2>\n

1.1 \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5355\u5217\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n

sql
\nSELECT \u5217\u540d1, \u5217\u540d2, ..<\/span>.
\nFROM \u8868\u540d
\nORDER BY \u6392\u5e8f\u5217 [<\/span>ASC |<\/span> DESC]<\/span>;<\/span>
\n\u793a\u4f8b1：\u57fa\u672c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f
\nsql
\n— \u521b\u5efa\u793a\u4f8b\u8868：\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u7ee9\u8868
\nCREATE TABLE students (<\/span>
\n id<\/span> INT PRIMARY KEY,
\n name VARCHAR(<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n class VARCHAR(<\/span>20<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n chinese_score INT,
\n math_score INT,
\n english_score INT,
\n total_score INT,
\n birthday DATE
\n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

INSERT INTO students VALUES
\n(<\/span>1<\/span>, '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>, '\u4e00\u73ed'<\/span>, 85<\/span>, 92<\/span>, 78<\/span>, 255<\/span>, '2005-03-15'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>2<\/span>, '\u674e\u56db'<\/span>, '\u4e8c\u73ed'<\/span>, 92<\/span>, 88<\/span>, 90<\/span>, 270<\/span>, '2005-07-22'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>3<\/span>, '\u738b\u4e94'<\/span>, '\u4e00\u73ed'<\/span>, 78<\/span>, 85<\/span>, 92<\/span>, 255<\/span>, '2005-11-05'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>4<\/span>, '\u8d75\u516d'<\/span>, '\u4e8c\u73ed'<\/span>, 65<\/span>, 72<\/span>, 68<\/span>, 205<\/span>, '2005-01-30'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>5<\/span>, '\u5b59\u4e03'<\/span>, '\u4e00\u73ed'<\/span>, 88<\/span>, 94<\/span>, 87<\/span>, 269<\/span>, '2005-06-18'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>6<\/span>, '\u5468\u516b'<\/span>, '\u4e8c\u73ed'<\/span>, 95<\/span>, 89<\/span>, 93<\/span>, 277<\/span>, '2005-09-10'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u6309\u603b\u5206\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217
\nSELECT
\n id<\/span> AS '\u5b66\u53f7'<\/span>,
\n name AS '\u59d3\u540d'<\/span>,
\n total_score AS '\u603b\u5206'<\/span>
\nFROM students
\nORDER BY total_score DESC;<\/span>
\n\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n

text
\n\u5b66\u53f7 \u59d3\u540d \u603b\u5206
\n6<\/span> \u5468\u516b 277<\/span>
\n2<\/span> \u674e\u56db 270<\/span>
\n5<\/span> \u5b59\u4e03 269<\/span>
\n1<\/span> \u5f20\u4e09 255<\/span>
\n3<\/span> \u738b\u4e94 255<\/span>
\n4<\/span> \u8d75\u516d 205<\/span>
\n\u793a\u4f8b2：\u591a\u5217\u6392\u5e8f
\nsql
\n— \u5148\u6309\u73ed\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f，\u518d\u6309\u603b\u5206\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f
\nSELECT
\n name AS '\u59d3\u540d'<\/span>,
\n class AS '\u73ed\u7ea7'<\/span>,
\n total_score AS '\u603b\u5206'<\/span>,
\n chinese_score AS '\u8bed\u6587'<\/span>,
\n math_score AS '\u6570\u5b66'<\/span>,
\n english_score AS '\u82f1\u8bed'<\/span>
\nFROM students
\nORDER BY class ASC, total_score DESC;<\/span>
\n\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n

text
\n\u59d3\u540d \u73ed\u7ea7 \u603b\u5206 \u8bed\u6587 \u6570\u5b66 \u82f1\u8bed
\n\u5b59\u4e03 \u4e00\u73ed 269<\/span> 88<\/span> 94<\/span> 87<\/span>
\n\u5f20\u4e09 \u4e00\u73ed 255<\/span> 85<\/span> 92<\/span> 78<\/span>
\n\u738b\u4e94 \u4e00\u73ed 255<\/span> 78<\/span> 85<\/span> 92<\/span>
\n\u5468\u516b \u4e8c\u73ed 277<\/span> 95<\/span> 89<\/span> 93<\/span>
\n\u674e\u56db \u4e8c\u73ed 270<\/span> 92<\/span> 88<\/span> 90<\/span>
\n\u8d75\u516d \u4e8c\u73ed 205<\/span> 65<\/span> 72<\/span> 68<\/span><\/p>\n

1.2 \u9ad8\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f\u6280\u5de7<\/h4>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f
\nsql
\n— \u6309\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u6392\u5e8f
\nSELECT
\n name,
\n chinese_score,
\n math_score,
\n english_score,
\n (<\/span>chinese_score + math_score + english_score)<\/span> \/ 3<\/span> AS average_score
\nFROM students
\nORDER BY (<\/span>chinese_score + math_score + english_score)<\/span> \/ 3<\/span> DESC;<\/span>
\n\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6392\u5e8f
\nsql
\n— \u6309\u540d\u5b57\u957f\u5ea6\u6392\u5e8f
\nSELECT
\n name,
\n LENGTH(<\/span>name)<\/span> AS name_length,
\n class
\nFROM students
\nORDER BY LENGTH(<\/span>name)<\/span> DESC;<\/span>
\n\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u987a\u5e8f
\nsql
\n— \u6309\u73ed\u7ea7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f（\u5148\u4e8c\u73ed，\u540e\u4e00\u73ed）
\nSELECT
\n name,
\n class,
\n total_score
\nFROM students
\nORDER BY
\n CASE class
\n WHEN '\u4e8c\u73ed'<\/span> THEN 1<\/span>
\n WHEN '\u4e00\u73ed'<\/span> THEN 2<\/span>
\n ELSE 3<\/span>
\n END,
\n total_score DESC;<\/span><\/p>\n

1.3 NULL\u503c\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n

sql
\n— \u521b\u5efa\u5305\u542bNULL\u503c\u7684\u793a\u4f8b
\nCREATE TABLE employees (<\/span>
\n id<\/span> INT,
\n name VARCHAR(<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n salary DECIMAL(<\/span>10,2<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n commission DECIMAL(<\/span>10,2<\/span>)<\/span>
\n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

INSERT INTO employees VALUES
\n(<\/span>1<\/span>, '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>, 8000<\/span>, 2000<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>2<\/span>, '\u674e\u56db'<\/span>, 9500<\/span>, NULL)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>3<\/span>, '\u738b\u4e94'<\/span>, 7500<\/span>, 1500<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>4<\/span>, '\u8d75\u516d'<\/span>, 8800<\/span>, NULL)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— NULL\u503c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6392\u5728\u6700\u540e（\u5347\u5e8f\u65f6）
\nSELECT * FROM employees ORDER BY commission ASC;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u8ba9NULL\u503c\u6392\u5728\u6700\u524d
\nSELECT * FROM employees
\nORDER BY
\n CASE WHEN commission IS NULL THEN 0<\/span> ELSE 1<\/span> END,
\n commission ASC;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001GROUP BY\u4e0eHAVING：\u6570\u636e\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0e\u7b5b\u9009<\/h2>\n

2.1 GROUP BY\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

sql
\nSELECT
\n \u5206\u7ec4\u5217,
\n \u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570(<\/span>\u5217\u540d)<\/span>
\nFROM \u8868\u540d
\nGROUP BY \u5206\u7ec4\u5217
\n[<\/span>HAVING \u5206\u7ec4\u6761\u4ef6]<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e38\u7528\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570 \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

2.2 \u57fa\u7840\u5206\u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n

\u793a\u4f8b1：\u6309\u73ed\u7ea7\u5206\u7ec4\u7edf\u8ba1
\nsql
\n— \u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73ed\u7ea7\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4eba\u6570\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u3001\u6700\u9ad8\u5206\u3001\u6700\u4f4e\u5206
\nSELECT
\n class AS '\u73ed\u7ea7'<\/span>,
\n COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> AS '\u5b66\u751f\u4eba\u6570'<\/span>,
\n AVG(<\/span>total_score)<\/span> AS '\u5e73\u5747\u603b\u5206'<\/span>,
\n MAX(<\/span>total_score)<\/span> AS '\u6700\u9ad8\u5206'<\/span>,
\n MIN(<\/span>total_score)<\/span> AS '\u6700\u4f4e\u5206'<\/span>,
\n SUM(<\/span>total_score)<\/span> AS '\u603b\u5206\u5408\u8ba1'<\/span>
\nFROM students
\nGROUP BY class;<\/span>
\n\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n

text
\n\u73ed\u7ea7 \u5b66\u751f\u4eba\u6570 \u5e73\u5747\u603b\u5206 \u6700\u9ad8\u5206 \u6700\u4f4e\u5206 \u603b\u5206\u5408\u8ba1
\n\u4e00\u73ed 3<\/span> 259.67<\/span> 269<\/span> 255<\/span> 779<\/span>
\n\u4e8c\u73ed 3<\/span> 250.67<\/span> 277<\/span> 205<\/span> 752<\/span>
\n\u793a\u4f8b2：\u591a\u5217\u5206\u7ec4
\nsql
\n— \u521b\u5efa\u9500\u552e\u8bb0\u5f55\u8868
\nCREATE TABLE sales (<\/span>
\n sale_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
\n sale_date DATE,
\n product_name VARCHAR(<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n category VARCHAR(<\/span>30<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n salesperson VARCHAR(<\/span>50<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n quantity INT,
\n unit_price DECIMAL(<\/span>10,2<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n region VARCHAR(<\/span>20<\/span>)<\/span>
\n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

INSERT INTO sales VALUES
\n(<\/span>1<\/span>, '2023-10-01'<\/span>, '\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111'<\/span>, '\u7535\u5b50\u4ea7\u54c1'<\/span>, '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>, 2<\/span>, 6999.00<\/span>, '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>2<\/span>, '2023-10-01'<\/span>, '\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a'<\/span>, '\u7535\u5b50\u4ea7\u54c1'<\/span>, '\u674e\u56db'<\/span>, 5<\/span>, 2999.00<\/span>, '\u4e0a\u6d77'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>3<\/span>, '2023-10-02'<\/span>, '\u529e\u516c\u6905'<\/span>, '\u5bb6\u5177'<\/span>, '\u738b\u4e94'<\/span>, 3<\/span>, 599.00<\/span>, '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>4<\/span>, '2023-10-02'<\/span>, '\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111'<\/span>, '\u7535\u5b50\u4ea7\u54c1'<\/span>, '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/span>, 1<\/span>, 6999.00<\/span>, '\u5e7f\u5dde'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>5<\/span>, '2023-10-03'<\/span>, '\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a'<\/span>, '\u7535\u5b50\u4ea7\u54c1'<\/span>, '\u674e\u56db'<\/span>, 3<\/span>, 2999.00<\/span>, '\u5317\u4eac'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>6<\/span>, '2023-10-03'<\/span>, '\u663e\u793a\u5668'<\/span>, '\u7535\u5b50\u4ea7\u54c1'<\/span>, '\u8d75\u516d'<\/span>, 4<\/span>, 1599.00<\/span>, '\u4e0a\u6d77'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n(<\/span>7<\/span>, '2023-10-04'<\/span>, '\u529e\u516c\u684c'<\/span>, '\u5bb6\u5177'<\/span>, '\u738b\u4e94'<\/span>, 2<\/span>, 1299.00<\/span>, '\u5e7f\u5dde'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u6309\u4ea7\u54c1\u548c\u5730\u533a\u5206\u7ec4\u7edf\u8ba1
\nSELECT
\n product_name AS '\u4ea7\u54c1\u540d\u79f0'<\/span>,
\n region AS '\u5730\u533a'<\/span>,
\n COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> AS '\u9500\u552e\u7b14\u6570'<\/span>,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity)<\/span> AS '\u603b\u9500\u91cf'<\/span>,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> AS '\u603b\u9500\u552e\u989d'<\/span>,
\n AVG(<\/span>unit_price)<\/span> AS '\u5e73\u5747\u5355\u4ef7'<\/span>
\nFROM sales
\nGROUP BY product_name, region;<\/span><\/p>\n

2.3 HAVING\u5b50\u53e5：\u5206\u7ec4\u540e\u7684\u7b5b\u9009<\/h4>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b1：\u7b5b\u9009\u5206\u7ec4\u7ed3\u679c
\nsql
\n— \u67e5\u627e\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u5927\u4e8e260\u7684\u73ed\u7ea7
\nSELECT
\n class,
\n COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> AS student_count,
\n AVG(<\/span>total_score)<\/span> AS avg_score
\nFROM students
\nGROUP BY class
\nHAVING AVG(<\/span>total_score)<\/span> ><\/span> 260<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u67e5\u627e\u9500\u552e\u603b\u989d\u8d85\u8fc710000\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1
\nSELECT
\n product_name,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> AS total_sales
\nFROM sales
\nGROUP BY product_name
\nHAVING SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> ><\/span> 10000<\/span>;<\/span>
\n\u793a\u4f8b2：\u590d\u6742\u7684HAVING\u6761\u4ef6
\nsql
\n— \u67e5\u627e\u6ee1\u8db3\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u9500\u552e\u5206\u7ec4
\nSELECT
\n region AS '\u5730\u533a'<\/span>,
\n category AS '\u7c7b\u522b'<\/span>,
\n COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> AS '\u8ba2\u5355\u6570'<\/span>,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> AS '\u603b\u9500\u552e\u989d'<\/span>
\nFROM sales
\nGROUP BY region, category
\nHAVING
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> ><\/span> 5000<\/span>
\n AND COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> >=<\/span> 2<\/span>
\nORDER BY SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> DESC;<\/span>
\n\u793a\u4f8b3：WHERE\u4e0eHAVING\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528
\nsql
\n— \u5148\u7b5b\u9009，\u518d\u5206\u7ec4，\u518d\u7b5b\u9009
\nSELECT
\n salesperson AS '\u9500\u552e\u5458'<\/span>,
\n region AS '\u5730\u533a'<\/span>,
\n COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> AS '\u8ba2\u5355\u6570\u91cf'<\/span>,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> AS '\u9500\u552e\u603b\u989d'<\/span>
\nFROM sales
\nWHERE sale_date BETWEEN '2023-10-01'<\/span> AND '2023-10-03'<\/span> — \u5148\u6309\u65e5\u671f\u7b5b\u9009
\nGROUP BY salesperson, region
\nHAVING SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> ><\/span> 5000<\/span> — \u518d\u6309\u603b\u989d\u7b5b\u9009
\nORDER BY SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> DESC;<\/span><\/p>\n

2.4 \u9ad8\u7ea7\u5206\u7ec4\u6280\u5de7<\/h4>\n

\u4f7f\u7528GROUP_CONCAT\u5408\u5e76\u5206\u7ec4\u6570\u636e
\nsql
\n— \u67e5\u8be2\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73ed\u7ea7\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u540d\u5355
\nSELECT
\n class AS '\u73ed\u7ea7'<\/span>,
\n GROUP_CONCAT(<\/span>name ORDER BY total_score DESC SEPARATOR ', '<\/span>)<\/span> AS '\u5b66\u751f\u540d\u5355'<\/span>,
\n AVG(<\/span>total_score)<\/span> AS '\u73ed\u7ea7\u5e73\u5747\u5206'<\/span>
\nFROM students
\nGROUP BY class;<\/span>
\n\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c：<\/p>\n

text
\n\u73ed\u7ea7 \u5b66\u751f\u540d\u5355 \u73ed\u7ea7\u5e73\u5747\u5206
\n\u4e00\u73ed \u5b59\u4e03, \u5f20\u4e09, \u738b\u4e94 259.67<\/span>
\n\u4e8c\u73ed \u5468\u516b, \u674e\u56db, \u8d75\u516d 250.67<\/span>
\n\u6309\u65e5\u671f\u5206\u7ec4\u7edf\u8ba1
\nsql
\n— \u6309\u65e5\u671f\u7edf\u8ba1\u9500\u552e\u989d
\nSELECT
\n DATE_FORMAT(<\/span>sale_date, '%Y-%m-%d'<\/span>)<\/span> AS '\u9500\u552e\u65e5\u671f'<\/span>,
\n COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> AS '\u8ba2\u5355\u6570\u91cf'<\/span>,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity)<\/span> AS '\u603b\u9500\u91cf'<\/span>,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> AS '\u65e5\u9500\u552e\u989d'<\/span>
\nFROM sales
\nGROUP BY sale_date
\nORDER BY sale_date;<\/span>
\n\u4f7f\u7528ROLLUP\u751f\u6210\u5c0f\u8ba1
\nsql
\n— \u751f\u6210\u5e26\u5c0f\u8ba1\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u7edf\u8ba1
\nSELECT
\n IFNULL(<\/span>region, '\u6240\u6709\u5730\u533a'<\/span>)<\/span> AS '\u5730\u533a'<\/span>,
\n IFNULL(<\/span>category, '\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u522b'<\/span>)<\/span> AS '\u4ea7\u54c1\u7c7b\u522b'<\/span>,
\n COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> AS '\u8ba2\u5355\u6570'<\/span>,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> AS '\u9500\u552e\u989d'<\/span>
\nFROM sales
\nGROUP BY region, category WITH ROLLUP
\nORDER BY region, category;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001LIMIT：\u9650\u5236\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u6570\u91cf<\/h2>\n

3.1 \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

sql
\n— \u683c\u5f0f1：\u9650\u5236\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u884c\u6570
\nSELECT * FROM \u8868\u540d LIMIT \u6570\u91cf;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u683c\u5f0f2：\u6307\u5b9a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf
\nSELECT * FROM \u8868\u540d LIMIT \u504f\u79fb\u91cf, \u6570\u91cf;<\/span>
\n— \u6216\u8005
\nSELECT * FROM \u8868\u540d LIMIT \u6570\u91cf OFFSET \u504f\u79fb\u91cf;<\/span><\/p>\n

3.2 \u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u793a\u4f8b1<\/span>：\u57fa\u672c\u5206\u9875
\nsql
\n—<\/span> \u6bcf\u9875\u663e\u793a3<\/span>\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55
\n—<\/span> \u7b2c1<\/span>\u9875
\nSELECT *<\/span> FROM students
\nORDER BY total_score DESC
\nLIMIT 0<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u7b2c2<\/span>\u9875
\nSELECT *<\/span> FROM students
\nORDER BY total_score DESC
\nLIMIT 3<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u4f7f\u7528OFFSET\u8bed\u6cd5
\nSELECT *<\/span> FROM students
\nORDER BY total_score DESC
\nLIMIT 3<\/span> OFFSET 3<\/span>;<\/span>
\n\u793a\u4f8b2<\/span>：\u5206\u9875\u53c2\u6570\u5316
\nsql
\n—<\/span> \u521b\u5efa\u5206\u9875\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b
\nDELIMITER $$
\nCREATE PROCEDURE get_students_by_page<\/span>(<\/span>
\n IN page_num INT,<\/span> —<\/span> \u9875\u7801
\n IN page_size INT —<\/span> \u6bcf\u9875\u5927\u5c0f
\n)<\/span>
\nBEGIN
\n DECLARE offset_val INT;<\/span>
\n SET offset_val =<\/span> (<\/span>page_num –<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span> *<\/span> page_size;<\/span><\/p>\n

SELECT
\n name,<\/span>
\n class,<\/span>
\n total_score
\n FROM students
\n ORDER BY total_score DESC
\n LIMIT offset_val,<\/span> page_size;<\/span>
\nEND$$
\nDELIMITER ;<\/span><\/p>\n

—<\/span> \u8c03\u7528：\u83b7\u53d6\u7b2c2<\/span>\u9875，\u6bcf\u98753<\/span>\u6761
\nCALL get_students_by_page<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

3.3 TOP N\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n

\u793a\u4f8b1：\u67e5\u8be2\u524dN\u540d
\nsql
\n— \u67e5\u8be2\u603b\u5206\u524d\u4e09\u540d\u7684\u5b66\u751f
\nSELECT
\n name,
\n total_score,
\n class
\nFROM students
\nORDER BY total_score DESC
\nLIMIT 3<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u67e5\u8be2\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73ed\u7ea7\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u540d
\nSELECT
\n name,
\n class,
\n total_score
\nFROM students
\nWHERE (<\/span>
\n SELECT COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span>
\n FROM students AS s2
\n WHERE s2.class =<\/span> students.class
\n AND s2.total_score >=<\/span> students.total_score
\n)<\/span> <=<\/span> 2<\/span>
\nORDER BY class, total_score DESC;<\/span>
\n\u793a\u4f8b2：\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u67e5\u8be2
\nsql
\n— \u67e5\u8be2\u524d50%\u7684\u5b66\u751f（\u5047\u8bbe\u67096\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f，\u53d6\u524d3\u540d）
\nSELECT
\n name,
\n total_score
\nFROM students
\nORDER BY total_score DESC
\nLIMIT (<\/span>SELECT COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> FROM students)<\/span> \/ 2<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

3.4 \u968f\u673a\u62bd\u6837<\/h4>\n

sql
\n— \u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d63\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f
\nSELECT
\n name,
\n total_score
\nFROM students
\nORDER BY RAND(<\/span>)<\/span>
\nLIMIT 3<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b<\/h2>\n

4.1 \u7535\u5546\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u62a5\u8868<\/h4>\n

sql
\n— \u521b\u5efa\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7535\u5546\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8be2
\nSELECT
\n DATE_FORMAT(<\/span>sale_date, '%Y\u5e74%m\u6708'<\/span>)<\/span> AS '\u9500\u552e\u6708\u4efd'<\/span>,
\n region AS '\u9500\u552e\u5730\u533a'<\/span>,
\n category AS '\u4ea7\u54c1\u7c7b\u522b'<\/span>,
\n COUNT(<\/span>DISTINCT salesperson)<\/span> AS '\u9500\u552e\u5458\u4eba\u6570'<\/span>,
\n COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> AS '\u8ba2\u5355\u6570\u91cf'<\/span>,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity)<\/span> AS '\u9500\u552e\u603b\u91cf'<\/span>,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> AS '\u9500\u552e\u603b\u989d'<\/span>,
\n AVG(<\/span>unit_price)<\/span> AS '\u5e73\u5747\u5355\u4ef7'<\/span>,
\n MAX(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> AS '\u6700\u5927\u5355\u7b14\u8ba2\u5355'<\/span>,
\n MIN(<\/span>unit_price)<\/span> AS '\u6700\u4f4e\u5355\u4ef7'<\/span>
\nFROM sales
\nWHERE sale_date >=<\/span> '2023-01-01'<\/span>
\nGROUP BY
\n DATE_FORMAT(<\/span>sale_date, '%Y-%m'<\/span>)<\/span>,
\n region,
\n category
\nHAVING
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> ><\/span> 1000<\/span>
\n AND COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> >=<\/span> 1<\/span>
\nORDER BY
\n DATE_FORMAT(<\/span>sale_date, '%Y-%m'<\/span>)<\/span> DESC,
\n SUM(<\/span>quantity * unit_price)<\/span> DESC
\nLIMIT 20<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

4.2 \u5b66\u751f\u6210\u7ee9\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n

sql
\n— \u5b66\u751f\u6210\u7ee9\u7efc\u5408\u7edf\u8ba1
\nWITH class_stats AS (<\/span>
\n SELECT
\n class,
\n COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> AS total_students,
\n AVG(<\/span>total_score)<\/span> AS class_avg,
\n MAX(<\/span>total_score)<\/span> AS class_max,
\n MIN(<\/span>total_score)<\/span> AS class_min
\n FROM students
\n GROUP BY class
\n)<\/span>,
\nstudent_rank AS (<\/span>
\n SELECT
\n name,
\n class,
\n total_score,
\n RANK(<\/span>)<\/span> OVER (<\/span>PARTITION BY class ORDER BY total_score DESC)<\/span> AS class_rank,
\n RANK(<\/span>)<\/span> OVER (<\/span>ORDER BY total_score DESC)<\/span> AS overall_rank
\n FROM students
\n)<\/span>
\nSELECT
\n s.name AS '\u59d3\u540d'<\/span>,
\n s.class AS '\u73ed\u7ea7'<\/span>,
\n s.total_score AS '\u603b\u5206'<\/span>,
\n sr.class_rank AS '\u73ed\u7ea7\u6392\u540d'<\/span>,
\n sr.overall_rank AS '\u5168\u6821\u6392\u540d'<\/span>,
\n cs.class_avg AS '\u73ed\u7ea7\u5e73\u5747\u5206'<\/span>,
\n CASE
\n WHEN s.total_score >=<\/span> cs.class_avg THEN '\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747'<\/span>
\n ELSE '\u4f4e\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747'<\/span>
\n END AS '\u4e0e\u73ed\u7ea7\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u6bd4\u8f83'<\/span>
\nFROM students s
\nJOIN student_rank sr ON s.name =<\/span> sr.name
\nJOIN class_stats cs ON s.class =<\/span> cs.class
\nORDER BY
\n s.class,
\n s.total_score DESC
\nLIMIT 10<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae<\/h2>\n

5.1 ORDER BY\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n

sql
\n— 1<\/span>. \u4e3aORDER BY\u5217\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15
\nCREATE INDEX idx_total_score ON students(<\/span>total_score)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— 2<\/span>. \u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f（\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u80fd）
\n— \u4f18\u5316\u524d
\nSELECT * FROM students ORDER BY total_score + 10<\/span> DESC;<\/span>
\n— \u4f18\u5316\u540e
\nSELECT *, total_score + 10<\/span> AS adjusted_score
\nFROM students
\nORDER BY total_score DESC;<\/span><\/p>\n

— 3<\/span>. \u4f7f\u7528\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15
\n— \u4f18\u5316\u524d
\nSELECT name, class FROM students ORDER BY total_score;<\/span>
\n— \u4f18\u5316\u540e（\u521b\u5efa\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15）
\nCREATE INDEX idx_covering ON students(<\/span>total_score, name, class)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

5.2 GROUP BY\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n

sql
\n— 1<\/span>. \u4f7f\u7528EXPLAIN\u5206\u6790
\nEXPLAIN SELECT class, COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> FROM students GROUP BY class;<\/span><\/p>\n

— 2<\/span>. \u51cf\u5c11\u5206\u7ec4\u5217\u7684\u6570\u91cf
\n— \u4f18\u5316\u524d
\nSELECT class, YEAR(<\/span>birthday)<\/span>, COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> FROM students GROUP BY class, YEAR(<\/span>birthday)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n— \u4f18\u5316\u540e
\nSELECT class, COUNT(<\/span>*)<\/span> FROM students GROUP BY class;<\/span><\/p>\n

— 3<\/span>. \u5728WHERE\u4e2d\u8fc7\u6ee4，\u51cf\u5c11GROUP BY\u6570\u636e\u91cf
\nSELECT class, AVG(<\/span>total_score)<\/span>
\nFROM students
\nWHERE total_score ><\/span> 200<\/span> — \u5148\u8fc7\u6ee4
\nGROUP BY class;<\/span><\/p>\n

5.3 LIMIT\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n

sql
\n— 1<\/span>. \u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5217\u8fdb\u884cORDER BY
\n— \u6162
\nSELECT * FROM students ORDER BY name LIMIT 100000<\/span>, 20<\/span>;<\/span>
\n— \u5feb（\u5982\u679cid\u662f\u4e3b\u952e）
\nSELECT * FROM students ORDER BY id<\/span> LIMIT 100000<\/span>, 20<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— 2<\/span>. \u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316\u6df1\u5206\u9875
\n— \u4f18\u5316\u524d（\u6df1\u5206\u9875\u6548\u7387\u4f4e）
\nSELECT * FROM students ORDER BY id<\/span> LIMIT 100000<\/span>, 20<\/span>;<\/span>
\n— \u4f18\u5316\u540e
\nSELECT * FROM students
\nWHERE id<\/span> >=<\/span> (<\/span>SELECT id<\/span> FROM students ORDER BY id<\/span> LIMIT 100000<\/span>, 1<\/span>)<\/span>
\nORDER BY id<\/span>
\nLIMIT 20<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001ORDER BY：\u8ba9\u6570\u636e\u6709\u5e8f\u6392\u5217
\n1.1 \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5355\u5217\u6392\u5e8f
\nsql
\nSELECT \u5217\u540d1, \u5217\u540d2, …
\nFROM \u8868\u540d
\nORDER BY \u6392\u5e8f\u5217 [ASC | DESC];
\n\u793a\u4f8b1：\u57fa\u672c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f
\nsql
\n— \u521b\u5efa\u793a\u4f8b\u8868：\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u7ee9\u8868
\nCREATE TABLE students (id INT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR(50),class VARCHAR(20),chinese_score INT<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":70929,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[114,100],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-70931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-mysql","tag-100"],"yoast_head":"\nMySQL\u8868\u7b5b\u9009\u5206\u7ec4\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0e\u9650\u5236\u7684\u827a\u672f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/70931.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MySQL\u8868\u7b5b\u9009\u5206\u7ec4\u5168\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0e\u9650\u5236\u7684\u827a\u672f - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u4e00\u3001ORDER BY：\u8ba9\u6570\u636e\u6709\u5e8f\u6392\u5217 1.1 \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5355\u5217\u6392\u5e8f sql SELECT \u5217\u540d1, \u5217\u540d2, ... 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