{"id":70346,"date":"2026-02-01T20:25:03","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T12:25:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/70346.html"},"modified":"2026-02-01T20:25:03","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T12:25:03","slug":"linux-%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%90%af%e5%8a%a8%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/70346.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Linux\u00a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<p>linux\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u542f\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u4e48\u590d\u6742&#xff0c;\u5176\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a5\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c init\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5efa\u7acb\u7ec8\u7aef \u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>init\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SysV:\u00a0init, CentOS 5\u4e4b\u524d, \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a; \/etc\/inittab\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Upstart:\u00a0init,CentOS 6, \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a; \/etc\/inittab, \/etc\/init\/*.conf\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Systemd&#xff1a;\u00a0systemd, CentOS 7,\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a; \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\u3001 \/etc\/systemd\/system\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u5185\u6838\u5f15\u5bfc<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6253\u5f00\u7535\u6e90\u540e&#xff0c;\u9996\u5148\u662fBIOS\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u68c0&#xff0c;\u6309\u7167BIOS\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u786c\u76d8&#xff09;\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a5\u7ba1\u786c\u4ef6\u4ee5\u540e&#xff0c;\u9996\u5148\u8bfb\u5165 \/boot \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"135\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/20260201122501-697f461dbfe50.png\" width=\"602\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u8fd0\u884cinit<\/h3>\n<p>init \u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8d77\u70b9&#xff0c;\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u6bd4\u62df\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8001\u7956\u5b97&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>init \u7a0b\u5e8f\u9996\u5148\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 \/etc\/inittab\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"131\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/20260201122501-697f461dd0496.png\" width=\"596\" \/><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h4>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b<\/h4>\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5728Windows\u53eb\u505a&#034;\u670d\u52a1&#034;&#xff08;service&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5728Linux\u5c31\u53eb\u505a&#034;\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b&#034;&#xff08;daemon&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>init\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u4efb\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u53bb\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u5408\u9700\u8981\u542f\u52a8\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u4f5c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u542f\u52a8Apache&#xff0c;\u7528\u4f5c\u684c\u9762\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u5408&#xff0c;\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5c31\u53eb\u505a&#034;\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b&#034;&#xff08;runlevel&#xff09;\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u6839\u636e&#034;\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b&#034;&#xff0c;\u786e\u5b9a\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u54ea\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"img-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"114\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/20260201122501-697f461dd9b2a.png\" width=\"589\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u67097\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b(runlevel)&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b0&#xff1a;\u7cfb\u7edf\u505c\u673a\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbe\u4e3a0&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b1&#xff1a;\u5355\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;root\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4&#xff0c;\u7981\u6b62\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b2&#xff1a;\u591a\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001(\u6ca1\u6709NFS)<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b3&#xff1a;\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u591a\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001(\u6709NFS)&#xff0c;\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b4&#xff1a;\u7cfb\u7edf\u672a\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u7559<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b5&#xff1a;X11\u63a7\u5236\u53f0&#xff0c;\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u56fe\u5f62GUI\u6a21\u5f0f<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b6&#xff1a;\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u5e76\u91cd\u542f&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbe\u4e3a6&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728init\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u884c&#xff1a; si::sysinit:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.sysinit\u3000\u5b83\u8c03\u7528\u6267\u884c\u4e86\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.sysinit&#xff0c;\u800crc.sysinit\u662f\u4e00\u4e2abash shell\u7684\u811a\u672c&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c&#xff0c;rc.sysinit\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u90fd\u8981\u9996\u5148\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6709&#xff1a;\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8&#xff0c;\u52a0\u8f7d\u786c\u4ef6\u6a21\u5757\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5148\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>l5:5:wait:\/etc\/rc.d\/rc 5 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\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5173\u673a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>shutdown \u2013h 10 \u2018This server will shutdown after 10 mins\u2019 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u544a\u8bc9\u5927\u5bb6&#xff0c;\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c06\u572810\u5206\u949f\u540e\u5173\u673a&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5728\u767b\u9646\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>shutdown \u2013h now \u7acb\u9a6c\u5173\u673a<\/p>\n<p>shutdown \u2013h 20:25 \u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u4eca\u592920:25\u5173\u673a<\/p>\n<p>shutdown \u2013h &#043;10 \u5341\u5206\u949f\u540e\u5173\u673a<\/p>\n<p>shutdown \u2013r now \u7cfb\u7edf\u7acb\u9a6c\u91cd\u542f<\/p>\n<p>shutdown \u2013r &#043;10 \u7cfb\u7edf\u5341\u5206\u949f\u540e\u91cd\u542f<\/p>\n<p>reboot \u5c31\u662f\u91cd\u542f&#xff0c;\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e shutdown \u2013r now<\/p>\n<p>halt \u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u7b49\u540c\u4e8eshutdown \u2013h now \u548c poweroff <\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u662f\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u9996\u5148\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u00a0sync\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u628a\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u673a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u00a0shutdown \u2013h now halt poweroff\u00a0\u548c\u00a0init 0\u00a0, \u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u00a0shutdown \u2013r now reboot init 6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u00a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<br \/>\nlinux\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u542f\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<br \/>\nLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u4e48\u590d\u6742&#xff0c;\u5176\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a5\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5&#xff1a;<br \/>\n\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002\u8fd0\u884c init\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u7ec8\u7aef \u3002\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 init\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a; SysV:\u00a0init, CentOS 5\u4e4b\u524d, \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a; \/etc\/inittab\u3002Upstart:\u00a0init,CentOS 6, \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a; \/etc\/initta<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":70340,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,43,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-70346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-linux","tag-43","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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