{"id":69875,"date":"2026-02-01T06:25:39","date_gmt":"2026-01-31T22:25:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/69875.html"},"modified":"2026-02-01T06:25:39","modified_gmt":"2026-01-31T22:25:39","slug":"linux%ef%bc%9a%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5%e3%80%81%e4%b8%8e%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e5%8c%ba%e5%88%ab%e5%8f%8a%e5%86%85%e6%a0%b8%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%ef%bc%88%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/69875.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\uff1a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u533a\u522b\u53ca\u5185\u6838\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e00\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff08;Thread&#xff09;\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6267\u884c\u6d41&#xff0c;\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3&#xff1a;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f \u201c\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u201d&#xff0c;\u800c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f \u201c\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u771f\u6b63\u5e72\u6d3b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8005\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8d44\u6e90&#xff08;\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u8868\u7b49&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f46\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587&#xff08;CPU \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff09;<\/p>\n<h4>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/h4>\n<li>\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5207\u6362\u6210\u672c\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff08;\u65e0\u9700\u5206\u914d\u72ec\u7acb\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u9700\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab&#xff1a;\u540c\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u3001\u5806\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7b49&#xff0c;\u901a\u4fe1\u65e0\u9700\u8de8\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u72ec\u7acb\u8c03\u5ea6&#xff1a;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u5206\u914d CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u7247&#xff0c;\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n<li>\u534f\u4f5c\u6027&#xff1a;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236&#xff08;\u5982\u4e92\u65a5\u9501&#xff09;\u907f\u514d\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89<\/li>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u522b&#xff08;\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8868&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff08;Process&#xff09;\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff08;Thread&#xff09;<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u5355\u4f4d<\/td>\n<td>\u72ec\u7acb\u5206\u914d\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7b49<\/td>\n<td>\u5171\u4eab\u6240\u5c5e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8d44\u6e90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8c03\u5ea6\u6267\u884c\u5355\u4f4d<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u5ea6\u5176\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\n<td>\u5185\u6838\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6210\u672c<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8&#xff08;\u9700\u5207\u6362\u9875\u8868\u3001\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7b49&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u4f4e&#xff08;\u4ec5\u5207\u6362 CPU \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u6808&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u72ec\u7acb\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8&#xff08;\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u4f4e&#xff08;\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>\u590d\u6742&#xff08;\u7ba1\u9053\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7b49&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u7b80\u5355&#xff08;\u5171\u4eab\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u7b49&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u6838\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff08;Linux&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u72ec\u7acb task_struct &#043; \u72ec\u7acb mm_struct<\/td>\n<td>\u72ec\u7acb task_struct &#043; \u5171\u4eab mm_struct<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 style=\"background-color:transparent\">\u4e09\u3001Linux \u4e2d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u6838\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff1a;\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff08;LWP&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>Linux \u5185\u6838\u6ca1\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53&#xff0c;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f9d\u8d56 \u201c\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff08;Lightweight Process, LWP&#xff09;\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u90fd\u7528 task_struct&#xff08;\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5757&#xff09;\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u533a\u522b\u662f\u662f\u5426\u5171\u4eab mm_struct&#xff08;\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff09;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a task_struct \u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 mm_struct&#xff08;\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5373 \u201c\u72ec\u5360\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u591a\u4e2a task_struct \u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a mm_struct&#xff0c;\u5373 \u201c\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\u8865\u5145<\/h4>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ec4 ID&#xff08;tgid&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u540c\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff08;\u5305\u62ec\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff09;\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a tgid&#xff08;\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684 PID&#xff09;&#xff0c;ps \u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u7684 PID \u672c\u8d28\u662f tgid<\/li>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b ID&#xff08;tid&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684 task_struct \u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 tid&#xff08;\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 pthread_self() \u6216 gettid() \u83b7\u53d6<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u89c6\u89d2&#xff1a;Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e0d\u533a\u5206 \u201c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u201d \u548c \u201c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u201d&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8ba4 task_struct&#xff0c;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684 \u201c\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u201d \u7279\u6027\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 mm_struct \u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684<\/li>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4f18\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/h4>\n<li>\u5e76\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u9ad8&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5207\u6362\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb&#xff0c;\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u573a\u666f&#xff08;\u5982 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u591a\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u4fe1\u6210\u672c\u4f4e&#xff1a;\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u8de8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<li>\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u9ad8&#xff1a;\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528 CPU \u591a\u6838\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5e8f\u541e\u5410\u91cf<\/li>\n<h4>\u7f3a\u70b9&#xff1a;<\/h4>\n<li>\u7f3a\u4e4f\u72ec\u7acb\u6027&#xff1a;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u975e\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff08;\u5982\u91ce\u6307\u9488&#xff09;\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83<\/li>\n<li>\u540c\u6b65\u590d\u6742&#xff1a;\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u65f6\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u540c\u6b65&#xff08;\u5982\u52a0\u9501&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u9519\u4e71&#xff08;\u7ade\u6001\u6761\u4ef6&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u8c03\u8bd5\u96be\u5ea6\u5927&#xff1a;\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u6392\u67e5\u6b7b\u9501\u3001\u7ade\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u6bd4\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u590d\u6742<\/li>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Linux \u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff1a;Hello World&#xff08;\u542b\u4ee3\u7801&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>Linux \u4e2d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u4f9d\u8d56 POSIX \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93&#xff08;pthread \u5e93&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u94fe\u63a5 -lpthread \u53c2\u6570&#xff08;\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u62a5\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f15\u7528\u9519\u8bef&#xff09;<\/p>\n<h4>\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff1a;<\/h4>\n<p>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570<br \/>\nvoid* thread_func(void* arg) {<br \/>\n    \/\/ arg\u4e3a\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u53c2\u6570&#xff08;\u9700\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362&#xff09;<br \/>\n    char* thread_name &#061; (char*)arg;<br \/>\n    printf(&#034;Hello World! \u6211\u662f%s&#xff0c;\u7ebf\u7a0bID&#xff1a;%lu\\\\n&#034;, thread_name, (unsigned long)pthread_self());<br \/>\n    sleep(1); \/\/ \u6a21\u62df\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1<br \/>\n    return NULL; \/\/ \u7ebf\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3aNULL<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>int main() {<br \/>\n    pthread_t tid; \/\/ \u5b58\u50a8\u7ebf\u7a0bID<br \/>\n    int ret;<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b<br \/>\n    \/\/ \u53c2\u6570&#xff1a;\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u6307\u9488\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c5e\u6027&#xff08;NULL\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4&#xff09;\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570<br \/>\n    ret &#061; pthread_create(&amp;tid, NULL, thread_func, (void*)&#034;\u7ebf\u7a0b1&#034;);<br \/>\n    if (ret !&#061; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;pthread_create failed&#034;);<br \/>\n        return -1;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    printf(&#034;\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0bID&#xff1a;%lu&#xff0c;\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0bID&#xff1a;%lu\\\\n&#034;, (unsigned long)pthread_self(), (unsigned long)tid);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ 2. \u56de\u6536\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff08;\u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6210\u4e3a\u50f5\u5c38\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff09;<br \/>\n    ret &#061; pthread_join(tid, NULL);<br \/>\n    if (ret !&#061; 0) {<br \/>\n        perror(&#034;pthread_join failed&#034;);<br \/>\n        return -1;<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>    printf(&#034;\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\\\\n&#034;);<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h4>\u5173\u952e\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a;<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>pthread_self()&#xff1a;\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684 ID&#xff08;\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7ebf\u7a0b ID&#xff0c;\u975e\u5185\u6838 tid&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>pthread_create()&#xff1a;\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de 0&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801&#xff08;\u9700\u7528 perror \u6216 strerror \u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>pthread_join()&#xff1a;\u56de\u6536\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u963b\u585e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u76f4\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6267\u884c\u6d41&#xff0c;\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u8c03\u5ea6\u6210\u672c\u4f4e<\/li>\n<li>Linux \u4e2d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7 task_struct \u63cf\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u5171\u4eab mm_struct \u533a\u5206\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u5165\u95e8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u638c\u63e1 pthread 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