{"id":69204,"date":"2026-01-31T08:05:49","date_gmt":"2026-01-31T00:05:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/69204.html"},"modified":"2026-01-31T08:05:49","modified_gmt":"2026-01-31T00:05:49","slug":"%e3%80%90linux-tcp-socket-%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e3%80%91-%e4%bb%8e%e5%8d%95%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b7%e7%ab%af%e5%88%b0%e5%a4%9a%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b7%e7%ab%af%e5%9b%9e%e5%a3%b0%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/69204.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Linux TCP Socket \u5b9e\u6218\u3011 \u4ece\u5355\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5230\u591a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u56de\u58f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b9e\u6218\u7b14\u8bb0\u6574\u7406\u7684 Linux \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u5165\u95e8\u535a\u5ba2，\u5168\u7a0b\u56f4\u7ed5 TCP \u56de\u58f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\/\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef \u5c55\u5f00，\u4ece\u6838\u5fc3\u6d41\u7a0b\u5230\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0，\u4ece\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\u5230\u5751\u70b9\u6392\u67e5，\u518d\u5230\u591a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u62d3\u5c55，\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u5747\u8d34\u5408\u539f\u59cb\u7b14\u8bb0\u56fe\u7247，\u901a\u4fd7\u5316\u8bb2\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9，\u5e2e\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u5165\u95e8 Linux C \u8bed\u8a00 Socket \u7f16\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

1. TCP Socket \u901a\u4fe1\u6838\u5fc3\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

\u9996\u5148，\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u660e\u786e TCP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027：\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93，\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u4fe1\u53cc\u65b9\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u201c\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u201d，\u624d\u80fd\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e，\u901a\u4fe1\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u8fd8\u8981\u201c\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u3002\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6d41\u7a0b，\u7b14\u8bb0\u91cc\u5df2\u7ecf\u6e05\u6670\u68b3\u7406，\u5bf9\u5e94\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u7247：<\/p>\n

\"image.png\"<\/p>\n

1.1 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef（\u88ab\u52a8\u7b49\u5f85\u8fde\u63a5）<\/h4>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u662f\u201c\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u6536\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u65b9，\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c11，\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a 6 \u6b65：<\/p>\n

  • socket()：\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57（\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u201c\u7ba1\u9053\u201d）<\/li>\n
  • bind()：\u7ed9\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7ed1\u5b9a\u672c\u673a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7（\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7ed9\u7ba1\u9053\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u95e8\u724c\u53f7\u201d）<\/li>\n
  • listen()：\u5f00\u542f\u76d1\u542c，\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5（\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7ad9\u5728\u95e8\u540e\u7b49\u5ba2\u4eba\u4e0a\u95e8）<\/li>\n
  • accept()：\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5，\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6765\u5219\u5efa\u7acb\u4f1a\u8bdd（\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5f00\u95e8\u8fce\u63a5\u5ba2\u4eba）<\/li>\n
  • read()\/write()：\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92（\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u548c\u5ba2\u4eba\u5bf9\u8bdd）<\/li>\n
  • close()：\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57，\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90（\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u9001\u8d70\u5ba2\u4eba，\u5173\u95e8\u6e05\u7406）<\/li>\n

    1.2 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef（\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5）<\/h4>\n

    \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u662f\u201c\u4e3b\u52a8\u627e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u65b9，\u6d41\u7a0b\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u6d01，\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a 5 \u6b65：<\/p>\n

  • socket()：\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57（\u540c\u6837\u662f\u901a\u4fe1\u201c\u7ba1\u9053\u201d）<\/li>\n
  • connect()：\u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684 IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3，\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5（\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6839\u636e\u95e8\u724c\u53f7\u627e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef）<\/li>\n
  • read()\/write()：\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92（\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5bf9\u8bdd）<\/li>\n
  • close()：\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57，\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90（\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7ed3\u675f\u5bf9\u8bdd，\u79bb\u5f00）<\/li>\n

    \u5c0f\u8d34\u58eb：\u4ece\u56fe\u7247\u91cc\u80fd\u770b\u5230，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709 bind() \u6b65\u9aa4，\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u672c\u673a IP，\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e，\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u4fd7\u5316\u8bb2\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570，\u540c\u65f6\u9644\u4e0a\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.1 socket()：\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/h4>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528：\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57，\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26（Linux \u91cc\u201c\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u201d，\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916，\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n

    int<\/span> socket<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> domain,<\/span> int<\/span> type,<\/span> int<\/span> protocol)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570：<\/p>\n

  • domain：\u5730\u5740\u65cf，\u9009 AF_INET（\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528 IPv4 \u534f\u8bae，\u65e5\u5e38\u5f00\u53d1\u6700\u5e38\u7528）<\/li>\n
  • type：\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b，\u9009 SOCK_STREAM（\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528 TCP \u534f\u8bae，\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u4f20\u8f93，\u53ef\u9760\u6709\u5e8f）<\/li>\n
  • protocol：\u534f\u8bae\u7f16\u53f7，\u9009 0（\u8868\u793a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u534f\u8bae，\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0a\u9762\u7684 SOCK_STREAM，\u5c31\u662f TCP \u534f\u8bae）<\/li>\n

    \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b（\u542b\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406）：<\/p>\n

    #<\/span>include<\/span> <sys\/socket.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <unistd.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdio.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdlib.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u521b\u5efa TCP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> sock_fd =<\/span> socket<\/span>(<\/span>AF_INET,<\/span> SOCK_STREAM,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>sock_fd ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span> \/\/ \u8fd4\u56de -1 \u8868\u793a\u521b\u5efa\u5931\u8d25<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"socket create failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u9000\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f，\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26：%d\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.2 bind()：\u7ed1\u5b9a IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3<\/h4>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528：\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7ed1\u5b9a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7，\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n

    int<\/span> bind<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> sockfd,<\/span> const<\/span> struct<\/span> sockaddr<\/span> *<\/span>addr,<\/span> socklen_t<\/span> addrlen)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9：<\/p>\n

  • \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570 addr \u8981\u6c42\u662f struct sockaddr \u7c7b\u578b，\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u7528 struct sockaddr_in（\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e IPv4 \u5730\u5740），\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362（\u56fe\u7247\u91cc\u91cd\u70b9\u6807\u6ce8\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9，\u65b0\u624b\u5fc5\u8e29\u5751）<\/li>\n
  • \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u9700\u8981\u7528 htons() \u8f6c\u6362\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f（\u540e\u7eed\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3，\u8bb0\u4f4f\u201c\u7aef\u53e3\u5fc5\u987b\u8f6c\u201d\u5373\u53ef）<\/li>\n
  • IP \u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 INADDR_ANY（\u8868\u793a\u7ed1\u5b9a\u672c\u673a\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u5361\u5730\u5740，\u672c\u5730\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90e8\u7f72\u90fd\u5e38\u7528），\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 inet_addr() \u8f6c\u6362\u5177\u4f53 IP（\u5982 127.0.0.1）<\/li>\n

    \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b（\u542b\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406）：<\/p>\n

    #<\/span>include<\/span> <sys\/socket.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <netinet\/in.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <arpa\/inet.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <unistd.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdio.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdlib.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <string.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    #<\/span>define<\/span> PORT<\/span> 8888<\/span> <\/span>\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> sock_fd =<\/span> socket<\/span>(<\/span>AF_INET,<\/span> SOCK_STREAM,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>sock_fd ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"socket create failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 2. \u521d\u59cb\u5316 sockaddr_in \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/span>
    \n struct<\/span> sockaddr_in<\/span> server_addr;<\/span>
    \n memset<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>server_addr,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>server_addr)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6e05\u7a7a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_family =<\/span> AF_INET;<\/span> \/\/ \u5730\u5740\u65cf：IPv4<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_port =<\/span> htons<\/span>(<\/span>PORT)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7：\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_addr.<\/span>s_addr =<\/span> INADDR_ANY;<\/span> \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u672c\u673a\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u5361\u5730\u5740<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 3. \u7ed1\u5b9a IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> ret =<\/span> bind<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> (<\/span>struct<\/span> sockaddr<\/span> *<\/span>)<\/span>&<\/span>server_addr,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>server_addr)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>ret ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"bind failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u7ed1\u5b9a\u6210\u529f，\u7aef\u53e3：%d\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> PORT)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u65b0\u624b\u5751\u70b9：\u5982\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u5199 server_addr.sin_port = PORT; \u800c\u4e0d\u505a htons() \u8f6c\u6362，\u5927\u6982\u7387\u4f1a\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5931\u8d25，\u56fe\u7247\u91cc\u7279\u610f\u6807\u6ce8\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9，\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.3 listen()：\u5f00\u542f\u76d1\u542c<\/h4>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528：\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8fdb\u5165\u201c\u76d1\u542c\u72b6\u6001\u201d，\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n

    int<\/span> listen<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> sockfd,<\/span> int<\/span> backlog)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570：<\/p>\n

  • sockfd：\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed1\u5b9a\u597d\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/li>\n
  • backlog：\u76d1\u542c\u961f\u5217\u5927\u5c0f（\u5982 5，\u8868\u793a\u540c\u65f6\u80fd\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570，\u8d85\u51fa\u7684\u4f1a\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd），\u4ec5\u4f5c\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u793a，\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c，\u65b0\u624b\u586b 5 \u5373\u53ef\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42<\/li>\n

    \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u63a5\u4e0a\u9762 bind() \u6210\u529f\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/span>
    \nret =<\/span> listen<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nif<\/span> (<\/span>ret ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"listen failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>
    \nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u76d1\u542c\u5f00\u542f\u6210\u529f，\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5…\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.4 accept()：\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5<\/h4>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528：\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42，\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6765\u65f6，\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57（\u7528\u4e8e\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ea4\u4e92），\u539f\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7ee7\u7eed\u76d1\u542c\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n

    int<\/span> accept<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> sockfd,<\/span> struct<\/span> sockaddr<\/span> *<\/span>addr,<\/span> socklen_t<\/span> *<\/span>addrlen)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9：<\/p>\n

  • \u963b\u585e\u51fd\u6570：\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u505c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f80\u4e0b\u6267\u884c（\u56fe\u7247\u91cc\u91cd\u70b9\u6807\u6ce8\u4e86\u201c\u963b\u585e\u201d）<\/li>\n
  • \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26（conn_fd），\u7528\u4e8e\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ea4\u4e92；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de -1<\/li>\n
  • \u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20 NULL，\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u83b7\u53d6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684 IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f（\u65b0\u624b\u7b80\u5316\u5f00\u53d1\u53ef\u7528）<\/li>\n

    \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u63a5\u4e0a\u9762 listen() \u6210\u529f\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/span>
    \nint<\/span> conn_fd =<\/span> accept<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nif<\/span> (<\/span>conn_fd ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"accept failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>
    \nprintf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f，\u65b0\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26：%d\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> conn_fd)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.5 connect()：\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5<\/h4>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528：\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684 IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3，\u53d1\u8d77 TCP \u8fde\u63a5（\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n

    int<\/span> connect<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> sockfd,<\/span> const<\/span> struct<\/span> sockaddr<\/span> *<\/span>addr,<\/span> socklen_t<\/span> addrlen)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b（\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef）：<\/p>\n

    #<\/span>include<\/span> <sys\/socket.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <netinet\/in.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <arpa\/inet.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <unistd.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdio.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdlib.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <string.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    #<\/span>define<\/span> PORT<\/span> 8888<\/span><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>define<\/span> SERVER_IP<\/span> "127.0.0.1"<\/span> \/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u7aef IP（\u672c\u5730\u6d4b\u8bd5）<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> sock_fd =<\/span> socket<\/span>(<\/span>AF_INET,<\/span> SOCK_STREAM,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>sock_fd ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"socket create failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 2. \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/span>
    \n struct<\/span> sockaddr_in<\/span> server_addr;<\/span>
    \n memset<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>server_addr,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>server_addr)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_family =<\/span> AF_INET;<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_port =<\/span> htons<\/span>(<\/span>PORT)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_addr.<\/span>s_addr =<\/span> inet_addr<\/span>(<\/span>SERVER_IP)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 3. \u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> ret =<\/span> connect<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> (<\/span>struct<\/span> sockaddr<\/span> *<\/span>)<\/span>&<\/span>server_addr,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>server_addr)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>ret ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"connect failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6210\u529f！\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.6 read()\/write()：\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92<\/h4>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528：\u901a\u8fc7\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u5b9e\u73b0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199（\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n

    ssize_t<\/span> read<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> fd,<\/span> void<\/span> *<\/span>buf,<\/span> size_t<\/span> count)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nssize_t<\/span> write<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> fd,<\/span> const<\/span> void<\/span> *<\/span>buf,<\/span> size_t<\/span> count)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9：<\/p>\n

  • fd：\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26（\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7528 conn_fd，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7528 sock_fd）<\/li>\n
  • buf：\u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u8bfb\u53d6\/\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n
  • count：\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f<\/li>\n
  • \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5b9e\u9645\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570；\u8fd4\u56de 0 \u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u65b9\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5；\u8fd4\u56de -1 \u8868\u793a\u8bfb\u5199\u9519\u8bef<\/li>\n
  • \u65b0\u624b\u5751\u70b9：read() \u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6ca1\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26 '\\\\0'，\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0，\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e71\u7801（\u56fe\u7247\u91cc\u91cd\u70b9\u6807\u6ce8\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9）<\/li>\n

    \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b（\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u56de\u663e\u6570\u636e）：<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u63a5\u4e0a\u9762 accept() \u6210\u529f\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/span>
    \n#<\/span>define<\/span> BUF_SIZE<\/span> 1024<\/span><\/span><\/span>
    \nchar<\/span> buf[<\/span>BUF_SIZE]<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    while<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/span>
    \n ssize_t<\/span> n =<\/span> read<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd,<\/span> buf,<\/span> BUF_SIZE –<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u7559 1 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7ed9 '\\\\0'<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>n ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"read failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>n ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26，\u907f\u514d\u4e71\u7801<\/span>
    \n buf[<\/span>n]<\/span> =<\/span> '\\\\0'<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6536\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6570\u636e：%s\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> buf)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u56de\u663e\u6570\u636e\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef（\u628a\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u53d1\u56de\u53bb）<\/span>
    \n write<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd,<\/span> buf,<\/span> n)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    close<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nclose<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    2.7 close()：\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/h4>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528：\u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u91ca\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b：<\/p>\n

    int<\/span> close<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> fd)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9：<\/p>\n

  • \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26：conn_fd（\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57）\u3001sock_fd（\u76d1\u542c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57）<\/li>\n
  • \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26：sock_fd<\/li>\n
    \n

    3. \u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0（\u670d\u52a1\u7aef + \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef）<\/h3>\n

    \u7ed3\u5408\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u89e3\u6790，\u7b14\u8bb0\u91cc\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801，\u5bf9\u5e94\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u7247：<\/p>\n

    \"image.png\"<\/p>\n

    3.1 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801（server.c）<\/h4>\n

    #<\/span>include<\/span> <sys\/socket.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <netinet\/in.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <arpa\/inet.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <unistd.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdio.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdlib.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <string.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    #<\/span>define<\/span> PORT<\/span> 8888<\/span><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>define<\/span> BUF_SIZE<\/span> 1024<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa TCP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> sock_fd =<\/span> socket<\/span>(<\/span>AF_INET,<\/span> SOCK_STREAM,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>sock_fd ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"socket create failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u4f18\u5316：\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5730\u5740\u590d\u7528，\u907f\u514d\u7aef\u53e3\u5360\u7528\u95ee\u9898<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> opt =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n setsockopt<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> SOL_SOCKET,<\/span> SO_REUSEADDR,<\/span> &<\/span>opt,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>opt)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 2. \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/span>
    \n struct<\/span> sockaddr_in<\/span> server_addr;<\/span>
    \n memset<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>server_addr,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>server_addr)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_family =<\/span> AF_INET;<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_port =<\/span> htons<\/span>(<\/span>PORT)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_addr.<\/span>s_addr =<\/span> INADDR_ANY;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 3. \u7ed1\u5b9a IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>bind<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> (<\/span>struct<\/span> sockaddr<\/span> *<\/span>)<\/span>&<\/span>server_addr,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>server_addr)<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"bind failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 4. \u5f00\u542f\u76d1\u542c<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>listen<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"listen failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f，\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3 %d，\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5…\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> PORT)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 5. \u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5，\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92<\/span>
    \n while<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> conn_fd =<\/span> accept<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>conn_fd ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"accept failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n continue<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f，\u5f00\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92…\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    char<\/span> buf[<\/span>BUF_SIZE]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n while<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6570\u636e<\/span>
    \n ssize_t<\/span> n =<\/span> read<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd,<\/span> buf,<\/span> BUF_SIZE –<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>n ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"read failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>n ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5，\u7b49\u5f85\u65b0\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef…\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26，\u907f\u514d\u4e71\u7801<\/span>
    \n buf[<\/span>n]<\/span> =<\/span> '\\\\0'<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6536\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef：%s\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> buf)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u56de\u663e\u6570\u636e\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/span>
    \n write<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd,<\/span> buf,<\/span> n)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 6. \u5173\u95ed\u76d1\u542c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57（\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c，\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u9762\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af）<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    3.2 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801（client.c）<\/h4>\n

    #<\/span>include<\/span> <sys\/socket.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <netinet\/in.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <arpa\/inet.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <unistd.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdio.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdlib.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <string.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    #<\/span>define<\/span> PORT<\/span> 8888<\/span><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>define<\/span> BUF_SIZE<\/span> 1024<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> argc,<\/span> char<\/span> *<\/span>argv[<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570（\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u670d\u52a1\u7aef IP）<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>argc !=<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5：%s <\u670d\u52a1\u7aefIP>\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> argv[<\/span>0<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n char<\/span> *<\/span>server_ip =<\/span> argv[<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa TCP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> sock_fd =<\/span> socket<\/span>(<\/span>AF_INET,<\/span> SOCK_STREAM,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>sock_fd ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"socket create failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 2. \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/span>
    \n struct<\/span> sockaddr_in<\/span> server_addr;<\/span>
    \n memset<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>server_addr,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>server_addr)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_family =<\/span> AF_INET;<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_port =<\/span> htons<\/span>(<\/span>PORT)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>inet_addr<\/span>(<\/span>server_ip)<\/span> ==<\/span> INADDR_NONE)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef IP\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n server_addr.<\/span>sin_addr.<\/span>s_addr =<\/span> inet_addr<\/span>(<\/span>server_ip)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 3. \u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> (<\/span>struct<\/span> sockaddr<\/span> *<\/span>)<\/span>&<\/span>server_addr,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>server_addr)<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"connect failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef %s:%d \u6210\u529f，\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e（\u6309 Ctrl+D \u9000\u51fa）\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> server_ip,<\/span> PORT)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 4. \u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92：\u4ece\u952e\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165，\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef，\u63a5\u6536\u56de\u663e<\/span>
    \n char<\/span> buf[<\/span>BUF_SIZE]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n while<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e："<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n ssize_t<\/span> n =<\/span> fgets<\/span>(<\/span>buf,<\/span> BUF_SIZE,<\/span> stdin<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>n ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span> ||<\/span> n ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span> \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u5230 EOF（Ctrl+D）<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u9000\u51fa\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef（fgets \u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6362\u884c\u7b26，\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u9001）<\/span>
    \n write<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> buf,<\/span> n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u56de\u663e\u6570\u636e<\/span>
    \n memset<\/span>(<\/span>buf,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>buf)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n n =<\/span> read<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> buf,<\/span> BUF_SIZE –<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>n ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"read failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>n ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    buf[<\/span>n]<\/span> =<\/span> '\\\\0'<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u56de\u663e：%s\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> buf)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 5. \u5173\u95ed\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n

    4. \u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u5b9e\u6218<\/h3>\n

    \u4ee3\u7801\u5199\u597d\u540e，\u9700\u8981\u5728 Linux \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u8fd0\u884c，\u7b14\u8bb0\u91cc\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u679c，\u5bf9\u5e94\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u7247：<\/p>\n

    \"image.png\"
    \n\"image.png\"
    \n\"image.png\"
    \n\"image.png\"
    \n\"image.png\"<\/p>\n

    4.1 \u7f16\u8bd1\u547d\u4ee4（gcc \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668）<\/h4>\n

    Linux \u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528 gcc \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7f16\u8bd1 C \u4ee3\u7801，\u751f\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6，\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

    # \u7f16\u8bd1\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801，\u751f\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6 server<\/span>
    \ngcc server.c -o server<\/p>\n

    # \u7f16\u8bd1\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801，\u751f\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6 client<\/span>
    \ngcc client.c -o client<\/p>\n

    \u5c0f\u8d34\u58eb：\u5982\u679c\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u62a5\u9519\u201c\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230\u201d，\u8bf4\u660e\u7f3a\u5c11\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5e93，\u53ef\u5b89\u88c5 libc6-dev \u89e3\u51b3（Ubuntu\/Debian \u7cfb\u7edf）：<\/p>\n

    sudo<\/span> apt-get<\/span> install<\/span> libc6-dev<\/p>\n

    4.2 \u8fd0\u884c\u6b65\u9aa4（\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u7aef，\u518d\u542f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef）<\/h4>\n
  • \n

    \u7ec8\u7aef 1：\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u7aef<\/p>\n

    .\/server<\/p>\n

    \u8fd0\u884c\u6210\u529f\u540e，\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa：\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f，\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3 8888，\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5…<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u7ec8\u7aef 2：\u542f\u52a8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef
    \n\u672c\u5730\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6，\u670d\u52a1\u7aef IP \u586b 127.0.0.1（\u672c\u673a\u56de\u73af\u5730\u5740），\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

    .\/client 127.0<\/span>.0.1<\/p>\n

    \u8fd0\u884c\u6210\u529f\u540e，\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa：\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef 127.0.0.1:8888 \u6210\u529f，\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e（\u6309 Ctrl+D \u9000\u51fa）<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4.3 \u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u679c（\u56de\u58f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668）<\/h4>\n
  • \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8f93\u5165\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u56de\u8f66\u53d1\u9001；<\/li>\n
  • \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6570\u636e；<\/li>\n
  • \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u56de\u663e\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u636e，\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u56de\u58f0\u201d\u6548\u679c；<\/li>\n
  • \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6309 Ctrl+D \u53ef\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5，\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u201c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5，\u7b49\u5f85\u65b0\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
    \n

    5. \u65b0\u624b\u5e38\u89c1\u5751\u70b9\u6392\u67e5<\/h3>\n

    \u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898，\u7b14\u8bb0\u91cc\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 3 \u4e2a\u5751\u70b9\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5，\u5bf9\u5e94\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u7247：<\/p>\n

    \"image.png\"
    \n\"image.png\"
    \n\"image.png\"
    \n\"image.png\"
    \n\"image.png\"<\/p>\n

    5.1 \u5751\u70b9 1：bind \u5931\u8d25，\u63d0\u793a Address already in use（\u5730\u5740\/\u7aef\u53e3\u88ab\u5360\u7528）<\/h4>\n

    \u95ee\u9898\u73b0\u8c61：\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u529f\u540e，\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u65f6，\u62a5\u9519 bind failed: Address already in use\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6392\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4：\u67e5\u770b 8888 \u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5360\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u4e8c\u9009\u4e00\u5373\u53ef：<\/p>\n

    # \u65b9\u6cd5 1：netstat \u547d\u4ee4（\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 net-tools）<\/span>
    \nnetstat<\/span> -anp |<\/span> grep<\/span> 8888<\/span><\/p>\n

    # \u65b9\u6cd5 2：lsof \u547d\u4ee4（\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 lsof）<\/span>
    \nlsof<\/span> -i:8888<\/p>\n

    \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

  • \u6740\u6b7b\u5360\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u627e\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b PID，\u7528 kill -9 PID \u5f3a\u5236\u6740\u6b7b（\u793a\u4f8b：kill -9 12345）；<\/li>\n
  • \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5730\u5740\u590d\u7528：\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef socket() \u548c bind() \u4e4b\u95f4\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801，\u907f\u514d\u7aef\u53e3\u91ca\u653e\u540e\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u590d\u7528（\u8fd9\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5fc5\u52a0\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801，\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d）：int<\/span> opt =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nsetsockopt<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> SOL_SOCKET,<\/span> SO_REUSEADDR,<\/span> &<\/span>opt,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>opt)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5.2 \u5751\u70b9 2：connect \u5931\u8d25，\u63d0\u793a Connection refused（\u8fde\u63a5\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd）<\/h4>\n

    \u95ee\u9898\u73b0\u8c61：\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u542f\u52a8\u540e，\u62a5\u9519 connect failed: Connection refused\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5e38\u89c1\u539f\u56e0：<\/p>\n

  • \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u672a\u542f\u52a8（\u6700\u5e38\u89c1）；<\/li>\n
  • \u670d\u52a1\u7aef IP \u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u586b\u5199\u9519\u8bef；<\/li>\n
  • \u9632\u706b\u5899\u62e6\u622a\u4e86 8888 \u7aef\u53e3；<\/li>\n
  • \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e86\u5177\u4f53 IP（\u5982 192.168.1.100），\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7528 127.0.0.1 \u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u6392\u67e5\u6b65\u9aa4：<\/p>\n

  • \u786e\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5df2\u542f\u52a8，\u4e14\u7ec8\u7aef 1 \u65e0\u62a5\u9519；<\/li>\n
  • \u7528 ping \u670d\u52a1\u7aefIP \u6d4b\u8bd5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u901a\u6027（\u672c\u5730\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528 ping 127.0.0.1）；<\/li>\n
  • \u7528 netstat -anp | grep 8888 \u786e\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7aef\u53e3\u5904\u4e8e LISTEN \u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n

    5.3 \u5751\u70b9 3：\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u4e71\u7801<\/h4>\n

    \u95ee\u9898\u73b0\u8c61：\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u901a\u4fe1，\u4f46\u6253\u5370\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6709\u4e71\u7801（\u5982\u201c???\u201d\u201c\u70eb\u70eb\u70eb\u201d）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u95ee\u9898\u539f\u56e0：read() \u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u7eaf\u5b57\u8282\u6d41，\u6ca1\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26 '\\\\0'，\u800c printf() \u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u65f6，\u9700\u8981\u4ee5 '\\\\0' \u7ed3\u5c3e，\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5783\u573e\u6570\u636e，\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e71\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5：read() \u6210\u529f\u540e，\u6309\u5b9e\u9645\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7ed9\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6dfb\u52a0 '\\\\0'（\u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d）：<\/p>\n

    ssize_t<\/span> n =<\/span> read<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd,<\/span> buf,<\/span> BUF_SIZE –<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nif<\/span> (<\/span>n ><\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n buf[<\/span>n]<\/span> =<\/span> '\\\\0'<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n

    6. \u8fdb\u9636\u62d3\u5c55：\u5355\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef \u2192 \u591a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n

    \u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u662f\u5355\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7248\u672c，
    \n\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u5176\u4ed6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u5f53\u524d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u63a5\u5165，：<\/p>\n

    \"image.png\"
    \n\"image.png\"
    \n\"image.png\"<\/p>\n

    6.1 \u591a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u4e09\u5927\u65b9\u6848<\/h4>\n\n\u65b9\u6848\u6838\u5fc3\u51fd\u6570\/\u63a5\u53e3\u7279\u70b9\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
    \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b（fork）<\/td>\nfork()<\/td>\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72ec\u7acb，\u4e92\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd<\/td>\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6570\u91cf\u5c11\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b（pthread）<\/td>\npthread_create<\/td>\n\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7，\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u5c11，\u5207\u6362\u6548\u7387\u9ad8<\/td>\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6570\u91cf\u4e2d\u7b49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    IO \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528<\/td>\nselect\/poll\/epoll<\/td>\n\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u6548\u7387\u6700\u9ad8<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1（\u4e07\u7ea7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    6.2 \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65b9\u6848\u6838\u5fc3\u5b9e\u73b0（\u4fee\u6539\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801）<\/h4>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91：\u670d\u52a1\u7aef accept() \u6210\u529f\u540e，\u8c03\u7528 fork() \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u5f53\u524d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684 read\/write \u4ea4\u4e92，\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5957\u63a5\u5b57，\u7ee7\u7eed accept() \u7b49\u5f85\u65b0\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5173\u952e\u4fee\u6539\u70b9：<\/p>\n

  • fork() \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a 0 \u8868\u793a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5927\u4e8e 0 \u8868\u793a\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b；<\/li>\n
  • \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u76d1\u542c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57 sock_fd，\u4e13\u6ce8\u5904\u7406\u5f53\u524d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef；<\/li>\n
  • \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5957\u63a5\u5b57 conn_fd，\u7ee7\u7eed\u76d1\u542c\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5；<\/li>\n
  • \u5ffd\u7565 SIGCHLD \u4fe1\u53f7，\u907f\u514d\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u4ea7\u751f\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u5360\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90）\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5：<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <signal.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ … \u524d\u9762\u7684 socket()\/bind()\/listen() \u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u53d8 …<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5ffd\u7565 SIGCHLD \u4fe1\u53f7，\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90，\u907f\u514d\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/span>
    \n signal<\/span>(<\/span>SIGCHLD,<\/span> SIG_IGN)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f，\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3 %d，\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5…\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> PORT)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    while<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> conn_fd =<\/span> accept<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>conn_fd ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"accept failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n continue<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u6709\u65b0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5，\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u7406…\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ fork() \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/span>
    \n pid_t<\/span> pid =<\/span> fork<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>pid ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"fork failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n continue<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>pid ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5173\u95ed\u76d1\u542c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57，\u5904\u7406\u5f53\u524d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ea4\u4e92<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    char<\/span> buf[<\/span>BUF_SIZE]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n while<\/span> (<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n ssize_t<\/span> n =<\/span> read<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd,<\/span> buf,<\/span> BUF_SIZE –<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>n ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"read failed"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>n ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u5f53\u524d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    buf[<\/span>n]<\/span> =<\/span> '\\\\0'<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e：%s\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> buf)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n write<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd,<\/span> buf,<\/span> n)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5957\u63a5\u5b57，\u9000\u51fa<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n exit<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5173\u95ed\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5957\u63a5\u5b57，\u7ee7\u7eed\u7b49\u5f85\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5<\/span>
    \n close<\/span>(<\/span>conn_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    close<\/span>(<\/span>sock_fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u679c：\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u540e，\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u542f\u52a8\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u90fd\u80fd\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u58f0\u4ea4\u4e92，\u4e92\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    7. \u8865\u5145\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9：\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f<\/h3>\n

    \u7b14\u8bb0\u91cc\u8fd8\u8865\u5145\u4e86\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9，\u89e3\u51b3\u65b0\u624b\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u52a0 htons()\u201d\u7684\u7591\u60d1，\u5bf9\u5e94\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u7247：<\/p>\n

    \"image.png\"<\/p>\n

    7.1 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f？<\/h4>\n

    \u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u662f\u6307\u591a\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u987a\u5e8f，\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd：<\/p>\n

  • \u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f：\u4e0d\u540c CPU \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u987a\u5e8f，x86 \u67b6\u6784（\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7535\u8111\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668）\u4e3a\u5c0f\u7aef\u5e8f（\u4f4e\u5b57\u8282\u5b58\u4f4e\u5730\u5740，\u9ad8\u5b57\u8282\u5b58\u9ad8\u5730\u5740），ARM \u67b6\u6784\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e；<\/li>\n
  • \u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f：TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u5b58\u50a8\u987a\u5e8f，\u4e3a\u5927\u7aef\u5e8f（\u9ad8\u5b57\u8282\u5b58\u4f4e\u5730\u5740，\u4f4e\u5b57\u8282\u5b58\u9ad8\u5730\u5740）\u3002<\/li>\n

    7.2 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u6362？<\/h4>\n

    \u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c，\u5982\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e，\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u6790\u9519\u8bef，\u6240\u4ee5 TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u89c4\u5b9a：\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f，\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f，\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002<\/p>\n

    7.3 \u5e38\u7528\u8f6c\u6362\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n
  • 16 \u4f4d\u6570\u636e（\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5e38\u7528）：\n
      \n
    • htons()：Host to Network Short（\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f \u2192 \u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f）<\/li>\n
    • ntohs()：Network to Host Short（\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f \u2192 \u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • 32 \u4f4d\u6570\u636e（IP \u5730\u5740\u5e38\u7528）：\n
        \n
      • htonl()：Host to Network Long（\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f \u2192 \u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f）<\/li>\n
      • ntohl()：Network to Host Long（\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f \u2192 \u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n

        \u5c0f\u8d34\u58eb：inet_addr() \u51fd\u6570\u5728\u8f6c\u6362 IP \u5730\u5740\u65f6，\u5185\u90e8\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u4e86 htonl() \u8f6c\u6362，\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362 IP \u5730\u5740，\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        \u524d\u8a00
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