{"id":68679,"date":"2026-01-30T13:24:57","date_gmt":"2026-01-30T05:24:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html"},"modified":"2026-01-30T13:24:57","modified_gmt":"2026-01-30T05:24:57","slug":"%e7%ac%ac13%e7%ab%a0-direct3d%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e7%b2%be%e8%a6%81-%e4%bb%8e%e5%88%9d%e5%a7%8b%e5%8c%96%e5%88%b0%e6%b8%b2%e6%9f%93%e6%b5%81%e6%b0%b4%e7%ba%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf<\/h2>\n

13.1 Direct3D\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n

13.1.1 Direct3D\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u827a\u672f<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，Direct3D\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u6b65\u9aa4，\u66f4\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u827a\u672f\u3002\u4ee5\u300a\u5deb\u5e083：\u72c2\u730e\u300b\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u8fd9\u6b3e\u6e38\u620f\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u4eceDirectX 9\u5230DirectX 11\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e，\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u903b\u8f91\u5fc5\u987b\u8db3\u591f\u5065\u58ee\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n

Windows\u6e38\u620f\u7f16\u7a0b\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d，\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u7279\u6027\u7ea7\u522b（Feature Level）\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u7279\u6027\u7ea7\u522b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86GPU\u652f\u6301\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u96c6，\u4ece9.1\u523011.0，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4ece\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5，\u7136\u540e\u9010\u6b65\u964d\u7ea7\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7ea7\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5546\u4e1a\u7ea7\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u51fd\u6570，\u5b83\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406：<\/p>\n

#<\/span>include<\/span> <windows.h><\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <d3d11.h><\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <dxgi.h><\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <vector><\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <string><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

#<\/span>pragma<\/span> comment<\/span>(<\/span>lib,<\/span> <\/span>"d3d11.lib"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>
\n#<\/span>pragma<\/span> comment<\/span>(<\/span>lib,<\/span> <\/span>"dxgi.lib"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

class<\/span> Direct3DDeviceManager<\/span>
\n{<\/span>
\nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
\n struct<\/span> GPUInfo<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>wstring description;<\/span>
\n UINT dedicatedVideoMemory;<\/span>
\n UINT dedicatedSystemMemory;<\/span>
\n UINT sharedSystemMemory;<\/span>
\n bool<\/span> isPrimaryAdapter;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>GPUInfo><\/span> gpuList;<\/span>
\n IDXGIFactory*<\/span> dxgiFactory;<\/span>
\n IDXGIAdapter*<\/span> selectedAdapter;<\/span>
\n ID3D11Device*<\/span> direct3DDevice;<\/span>
\n ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> deviceContext;<\/span>
\n D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL selectedFeatureLevel;<\/span><\/p>\n

public<\/span>:<\/span>
\n Direct3DDeviceManager<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n :<\/span> dxgiFactory<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
\n ,<\/span> selectedAdapter<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
\n ,<\/span> direct3DDevice<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
\n ,<\/span> deviceContext<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
\n ,<\/span> selectedFeatureLevel<\/span>(<\/span>D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

bool<\/span> Initialize<\/span>(<\/span>bool<\/span> enableDebugLayer =<\/span> false<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n HRESULT result =<\/span> S_OK;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efaDXGI\u5de5\u5382<\/span>
\n result =<\/span> CreateDXGIFactory<\/span>(<\/span>__uuidof<\/span>(<\/span>IDXGIFactory)<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>void<\/span>*<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span>&<\/span>dxgiFactory)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n LogError<\/span>(<\/span>L"\u521b\u5efaDXGI\u5de5\u5382\u5931\u8d25"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ 2. \u679a\u4e3e\u6240\u6709GPU\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f73\u9002\u914d\u5668<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>EnumerateAndSelectGPU<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ 3. \u5b9a\u4e49\u7279\u6027\u7ea7\u522b\u6570\u7ec4（\u4ece\u9ad8\u5230\u4f4e\u5c1d\u8bd5）<\/span>
\n D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevels[<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_1,<\/span> \/\/ Windows 8\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c<\/span>
\n D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0,<\/span> \/\/ Windows 7\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c<\/span>
\n D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_1,<\/span> \/\/ Windows Vista SP2\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c<\/span>
\n D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_0,<\/span> \/\/ Windows Vista\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c<\/span>
\n D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_3,<\/span> \/\/ Windows 7\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c<\/span>
\n D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_2,<\/span> \/\/ Windows 7\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c<\/span>
\n D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1 \/\/ Windows 7\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c<\/span>
\n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ 4. \u521b\u5efa\u6807\u5fd7<\/span>
\n UINT creationFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>enableDebugLayer)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n creationFlags |=<\/span> D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ 5. \u521b\u5efa\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/span>
\n result =<\/span> D3D11CreateDevice<\/span>(<\/span>
\n selectedAdapter,<\/span>
\n selectedAdapter ?<\/span> D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_UNKNOWN :<\/span> D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,<\/span>
\n NULL<\/span>,<\/span>
\n creationFlags,<\/span>
\n featureLevels,<\/span>
\n ARRAYSIZE<\/span>(<\/span>featureLevels)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n D3D11_SDK_VERSION,<\/span>
\n &<\/span>direct3DDevice,<\/span>
\n &<\/span>selectedFeatureLevel,<\/span>
\n &<\/span>deviceContext
\n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ 6. \u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u9002\u914d\u5668\u5931\u8d25，\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528WARP\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9002\u914d\u5668<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n LogWarning<\/span>(<\/span>L"\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u5931\u8d25，\u5c1d\u8bd5WARP\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

result =<\/span> D3D11CreateDevice<\/span>(<\/span>
\n NULL<\/span>,<\/span>
\n D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_WARP,<\/span> \/\/ WARP\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e32\u67d3\u5668<\/span>
\n NULL<\/span>,<\/span>
\n creationFlags,<\/span>
\n featureLevels,<\/span>
\n ARRAYSIZE<\/span>(<\/span>featureLevels)<\/span>,<\/span>
\n D3D11_SDK_VERSION,<\/span>
\n &<\/span>direct3DDevice,<\/span>
\n &<\/span>selectedFeatureLevel,<\/span>
\n &<\/span>deviceContext
\n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n LogError<\/span>(<\/span>L"WARP\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u4e5f\u5931\u8d25"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ 7. \u8f93\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
\n LogDeviceInfo<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

bool<\/span> EnumerateAndSelectGPU<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n IDXGIAdapter*<\/span> adapter =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
\n UINT adapterIndex =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
\n GPUInfo bestAdapter;<\/span>
\n bool<\/span> foundBest =<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u679a\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u9002\u914d\u5668<\/span>
\n while<\/span> (<\/span>dxgiFactory-><\/span>EnumAdapters<\/span>(<\/span>adapterIndex,<\/span> &<\/span>adapter)<\/span> !=<\/span> DXGI_ERROR_NOT_FOUND)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n GPUInfo gpuInfo;<\/span>
\n DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC adapterDesc;<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span> (<\/span>SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>adapter-><\/span>GetDesc<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>adapterDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n gpuInfo.<\/span>description =<\/span> adapterDesc.<\/span>Description;<\/span>
\n gpuInfo.<\/span>dedicatedVideoMemory =<\/span> adapterDesc.<\/span>DedicatedVideoMemory;<\/span>
\n gpuInfo.<\/span>dedicatedSystemMemory =<\/span> adapterDesc.<\/span>DedicatedSystemMemory;<\/span>
\n gpuInfo.<\/span>sharedSystemMemory =<\/span> adapterDesc.<\/span>SharedSystemMemory;<\/span>
\n gpuInfo.<\/span>isPrimaryAdapter =<\/span> (<\/span>adapterIndex ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

gpuList.<\/span>push_back<\/span>(<\/span>gpuInfo)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u9009\u62e9\u7b56\u7565：\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9\u4e13\u7528\u663e\u5b58\u6700\u5927\u7684GPU<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>foundBest ||<\/span> gpuInfo.<\/span>dedicatedVideoMemory ><\/span> bestAdapter.<\/span>dedicatedVideoMemory)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n bestAdapter =<\/span> gpuInfo;<\/span>
\n foundBest =<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u9002\u914d\u5668<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>selectedAdapter)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n selectedAdapter-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n adapter-><\/span>AddRef<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n selectedAdapter =<\/span> adapter;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

adapter-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n adapterIndex++<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>foundBest)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n LogWarning<\/span>(<\/span>L"\u672a\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684GPU\u9002\u914d\u5668，\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9002\u914d\u5668"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9002\u914d\u5668（NULL\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4）<\/span>
\n selectedAdapter =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

void<\/span> LogDeviceInfo<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>wstring featureLevelStr;<\/span><\/p>\n

switch<\/span> (<\/span>selectedFeatureLevel)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n case<\/span> D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_1:<\/span>
\n featureLevelStr =<\/span> L"Direct3D 11.1"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n break<\/span>;<\/span>
\n case<\/span> D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0:<\/span>
\n featureLevelStr =<\/span> L"Direct3D 11.0"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n break<\/span>;<\/span>
\n case<\/span> D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_1:<\/span>
\n featureLevelStr =<\/span> L"Direct3D 10.1"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n break<\/span>;<\/span>
\n case<\/span> D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_0:<\/span>
\n featureLevelStr =<\/span> L"Direct3D 10.0"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n break<\/span>;<\/span>
\n case<\/span> D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_3:<\/span>
\n featureLevelStr =<\/span> L"Direct3D 9.3"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n break<\/span>;<\/span>
\n case<\/span> D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_2:<\/span>
\n featureLevelStr =<\/span> L"Direct3D 9.2"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n break<\/span>;<\/span>
\n case<\/span> D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1:<\/span>
\n featureLevelStr =<\/span> L"Direct3D 9.1"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n break<\/span>;<\/span>
\n default<\/span>:<\/span>
\n featureLevelStr =<\/span> L"Unknown"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

std::<\/span>wstring logMessage =<\/span> L"Direct3D\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f\\\\n"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n logMessage +=<\/span> L"\u7279\u6027\u7ea7\u522b: "<\/span> +<\/span> featureLevelStr +<\/span> L"\\\\n"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>gpuList.<\/span>empty<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n logMessage +=<\/span> L"GPU\u6570\u91cf: "<\/span> +<\/span> std::<\/span>to_wstring<\/span>(<\/span>gpuList.<\/span>size<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> +<\/span> L"\\\\n"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

for<\/span> (<\/span>size_t i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> gpuList.<\/span>size<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n logMessage +=<\/span> L"GPU "<\/span> +<\/span> std::<\/span>to_wstring<\/span>(<\/span>i)<\/span> +<\/span> L": "<\/span> +<\/span> gpuList[<\/span>i]<\/span>.<\/span>description +<\/span> L"\\\\n"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n logMessage +=<\/span> L" \u4e13\u7528\u663e\u5b58: "<\/span> +<\/span> std::<\/span>to_wstring<\/span>(<\/span>gpuList[<\/span>i]<\/span>.<\/span>dedicatedVideoMemory \/<\/span> (<\/span>1024<\/span> *<\/span> 1024<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> +<\/span> L" MB\\\\n"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n logMessage +=<\/span> L" \u4e13\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58: "<\/span> +<\/span> std::<\/span>to_wstring<\/span>(<\/span>gpuList[<\/span>i]<\/span>.<\/span>dedicatedSystemMemory \/<\/span> (<\/span>1024<\/span> *<\/span> 1024<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> +<\/span> L" MB\\\\n"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n logMessage +=<\/span> L" \u5171\u4eab\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58: "<\/span> +<\/span> std::<\/span>to_wstring<\/span>(<\/span>gpuList[<\/span>i]<\/span>.<\/span>sharedSystemMemory \/<\/span> (<\/span>1024<\/span> *<\/span> 1024<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> +<\/span> L" MB\\\\n"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>logMessage.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

void<\/span> LogError<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> std::<\/span>wstring&<\/span> message)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>wstring errorMessage =<\/span> L"[ERROR] "<\/span> +<\/span> message +<\/span> L"\\\\n"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>errorMessage.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

void<\/span> LogWarning<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> std::<\/span>wstring&<\/span> message)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n std::<\/span>wstring warningMessage =<\/span> L"[WARNING] "<\/span> +<\/span> message +<\/span> L"\\\\n"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>warningMessage.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

void<\/span> Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>deviceContext)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n deviceContext-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n deviceContext =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span> (<\/span>direct3DDevice)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n direct3DDevice-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n direct3DDevice =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span> (<\/span>selectedAdapter)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n selectedAdapter-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n selectedAdapter =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span> (<\/span>dxgiFactory)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n dxgiFactory-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n dxgiFactory =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

ID3D11Device*<\/span> GetDevice<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> direct3DDevice;<\/span> }<\/span>
\n ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> GetDeviceContext<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> deviceContext;<\/span> }<\/span>
\n D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL GetFeatureLevel<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> selectedFeatureLevel;<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

~<\/span>Direct3DDeviceManager<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
\n {<\/span>
\n Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5：<\/p>\n

  • \u5065\u58ee\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406：\u4ece\u6700\u9ad8\u7279\u6027\u7ea7\u522b\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5，\u9010\u6b65\u964d\u7ea7<\/li>\n
  • \u591aGPU\u652f\u6301：\u81ea\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u597d\u7684GPU<\/li>\n
  • \u5907\u7528\u65b9\u6848：\u786c\u4ef6\u52a0\u901f\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528WARP\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e32\u67d3\u5668<\/li>\n
  • \u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7：\u5e2e\u52a9\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301<\/li>\n

    13.1.2 \u4ea4\u6362\u94fe\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u8003\u91cf<\/h4>\n

    \u4ea4\u6362\u94fe\u914d\u7f6e\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u4f53\u9a8c\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u300a\u8d5b\u535a\u670b\u514b2077\u300b\u7b49\u73b0\u4ee3\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d，\u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f\u95f4\u5207\u6362：\u5168\u5c4f\u72ec\u5360\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u65e0\u8fb9\u6846\u7a97\u53e3\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u7a97\u53e3\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ea4\u6362\u94fe\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762：<\/p>\n

    #<\/span>include<\/span> <windows.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <d3d11.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <dxgi.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <string><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    #<\/span>pragma<\/span> comment<\/span>(<\/span>lib,<\/span> <\/span>"d3d11.lib"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>pragma<\/span> comment<\/span>(<\/span>lib,<\/span> <\/span>"dxgi.lib"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    enum<\/span> class<\/span> DisplayMode<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n FullscreenExclusive,<\/span> \/\/ \u5168\u5c4f\u72ec\u5360\u6a21\u5f0f（\u6700\u4f73\u6027\u80fd）<\/span>
    \n BorderlessWindow,<\/span> \/\/ \u65e0\u8fb9\u6846\u7a97\u53e3\u6a21\u5f0f（Alt+Tab\u5207\u6362\u6d41\u7545）<\/span>
    \n Windowed \/\/ \u7a97\u53e3\u6a21\u5f0f（\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u6700\u597d）<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    enum<\/span> class<\/span> RefreshRateMode<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n VSyncEnabled,<\/span> \/\/ \u5782\u76f4\u540c\u6b65\u5f00\u542f（\u9632\u6b62\u6495\u88c2，\u53ef\u80fd\u9650\u5236\u5e27\u7387）<\/span>
    \n VSyncDisabled,<\/span> \/\/ \u5782\u76f4\u540c\u6b65\u5173\u95ed（\u6700\u5927\u5e27\u7387，\u53ef\u80fd\u6495\u88c2）<\/span>
    \n AdaptiveSync \/\/ \u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u540c\u6b65（G-Sync\/FreeSync）<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    class<\/span> SwapChainManager<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n IDXGISwapChain*<\/span> swapChain;<\/span>
    \n DisplayMode currentDisplayMode;<\/span>
    \n RefreshRateMode currentRefreshRateMode;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u914d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570<\/span>
    \n UINT width;<\/span>
    \n UINT height;<\/span>
    \n DXGI_FORMAT format;<\/span>
    \n UINT bufferCount;<\/span>
    \n UINT sampleCount;<\/span>
    \n UINT sampleQuality;<\/span>
    \n HWND windowHandle;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5168\u5c4f\u76f8\u5173<\/span>
    \n bool<\/span> isFullscreen;<\/span>
    \n DXGI_MODE_DESC fullscreenMode;<\/span><\/p>\n

    public<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n SwapChainManager<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n :<\/span> swapChain<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> currentDisplayMode<\/span>(<\/span>DisplayMode::<\/span>Windowed)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> currentRefreshRateMode<\/span>(<\/span>RefreshRateMode::<\/span>VSyncEnabled)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> width<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> height<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> format<\/span>(<\/span>DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> bufferCount<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ \u53cc\u7f13\u51b2<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> sampleCount<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> sampleQuality<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> windowHandle<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> isFullscreen<\/span>(<\/span>false<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>fullscreenMode,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>fullscreenMode)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> Initialize<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Device*<\/span> device,<\/span>
    \n HWND hwnd,<\/span>
    \n UINT initialWidth,<\/span>
    \n UINT initialHeight,<\/span>
    \n DisplayMode displayMode =<\/span> DisplayMode::<\/span>Windowed,<\/span>
    \n RefreshRateMode refreshRateMode =<\/span> RefreshRateMode::<\/span>VSyncEnabled)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n windowHandle =<\/span> hwnd;<\/span>
    \n width =<\/span> initialWidth;<\/span>
    \n height =<\/span> initialHeight;<\/span>
    \n currentDisplayMode =<\/span> displayMode;<\/span>
    \n currentRefreshRateMode =<\/span> refreshRateMode;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6DXGI\u5de5\u5382（\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u5907\u67e5\u8be2）<\/span>
    \n IDXGIDevice*<\/span> dxgiDevice =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>QueryInterface<\/span>(<\/span>__uuidof<\/span>(<\/span>IDXGIDevice)<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>void<\/span>*<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span>&<\/span>dxgiDevice)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    IDXGIAdapter*<\/span> adapter =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> dxgiDevice-><\/span>GetAdapter<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>adapter)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n dxgiDevice-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    IDXGIFactory*<\/span> factory =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> adapter-><\/span>GetParent<\/span>(<\/span>__uuidof<\/span>(<\/span>IDXGIFactory)<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>void<\/span>*<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span>&<\/span>factory)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n adapter-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6839\u636e\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f\u521b\u5efa\u4ea4\u6362\u94fe<\/span>
    \n DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC swapChainDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>swapChainDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>swapChainDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>BufferDesc.<\/span>Width =<\/span> width;<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>BufferDesc.<\/span>Height =<\/span> height;<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>BufferDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> format;<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>BufferUsage =<\/span> DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>BufferCount =<\/span> bufferCount;<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>OutputWindow =<\/span> windowHandle;<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>Windowed =<\/span> (<\/span>displayMode !=<\/span> DisplayMode::<\/span>FullscreenExclusive)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>SwapEffect =<\/span> DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_DISCARD;<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>Flags =<\/span> DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_FLAG_ALLOW_MODE_SWITCH;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91c7\u6837\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Count =<\/span> sampleCount;<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Quality =<\/span> sampleQuality;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5237\u65b0\u7387\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n ConfigureRefreshRate<\/span>(<\/span>swapChainDesc.<\/span>BufferDesc)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6839\u636e\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7279\u6b8a\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>displayMode ==<\/span> DisplayMode::<\/span>BorderlessWindow)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u65e0\u8fb9\u6846\u7a97\u53e3\u6a21\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406<\/span>
    \n ConfigureBorderlessWindow<\/span>(<\/span>factory,<\/span> swapChainDesc)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u4ea4\u6362\u94fe<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> factory-><\/span>CreateSwapChain<\/span>(<\/span>device,<\/span> &<\/span>swapChainDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>swapChain)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>displayMode ==<\/span> DisplayMode::<\/span>FullscreenExclusive &&<\/span> SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5168\u5c4f\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span>
    \n swapChain-><\/span>SetFullscreenState<\/span>(<\/span>TRUE,<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span>
    \n IDXGIOutput*<\/span> output =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> swapChain-><\/span>GetContainingOutput<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>output)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span> &&<\/span> output)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n DXGI_MODE_DESC currentMode;<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> swapChain-><\/span>GetDesc<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>swapChainDesc)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n fullscreenMode =<\/span> swapChainDesc.<\/span>BufferDesc;<\/span>
    \n isFullscreen =<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    output-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    factory-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> ConfigureRefreshRate<\/span>(<\/span>DXGI_MODE_DESC&<\/span> bufferDesc)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n switch<\/span> (<\/span>currentRefreshRateMode)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n case<\/span> RefreshRateMode::<\/span>VSyncEnabled:<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5f00\u542f\u5782\u76f4\u540c\u6b65，\u4f7f\u7528\u663e\u793a\u5668\u7684\u539f\u751f\u5237\u65b0\u7387<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>RefreshRate.<\/span>Numerator =<\/span> 60<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba460Hz<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>RefreshRate.<\/span>Denominator =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    case<\/span> RefreshRateMode::<\/span>VSyncDisabled:<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5782\u76f4\u540c\u6b65，\u6700\u5927\u5e27\u7387<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>RefreshRate.<\/span>Numerator =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>RefreshRate.<\/span>Denominator =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    case<\/span> RefreshRateMode::<\/span>AdaptiveSync:<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u540c\u6b65，\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u6d4b\u663e\u793a\u5668\u652f\u6301<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>IsAdaptiveSyncSupported<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u540c\u6b65\u53c2\u6570<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>RefreshRate.<\/span>Numerator =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>RefreshRate.<\/span>Denominator =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u94fe\u6807\u5fd7<\/span>
    \n \/\/ DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_FLAG_ALLOW_TEARING (Windows 10\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c)<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u540c\u6b65，\u56de\u9000\u5230\u5782\u76f4\u540c\u6b65<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>RefreshRate.<\/span>Numerator =<\/span> 60<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>RefreshRate.<\/span>Denominator =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> ConfigureBorderlessWindow<\/span>(<\/span>IDXGIFactory*<\/span> factory,<\/span> DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC&<\/span> swapChainDesc)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u4e3b\u663e\u793a\u5668\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8<\/span>
    \n IDXGIOutput*<\/span> primaryOutput =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>factory-><\/span>EnumOutputs<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>primaryOutput)<\/span>)<\/span> &&<\/span> primaryOutput)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n DXGI_OUTPUT_DESC outputDesc;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>primaryOutput-><\/span>GetDesc<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>outputDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5c06\u7a97\u53e3\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8986\u76d6\u6574\u4e2a\u663e\u793a\u5668<\/span>
    \n width =<\/span> outputDesc.<\/span>DesktopCoordinates.<\/span>right –<\/span> outputDesc.<\/span>DesktopCoordinates.<\/span>left;<\/span>
    \n height =<\/span> outputDesc.<\/span>DesktopCoordinates.<\/span>bottom –<\/span> outputDesc.<\/span>DesktopCoordinates.<\/span>top;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8c03\u6574\u4ea4\u6362\u94fe\u5c3a\u5bf8<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>BufferDesc.<\/span>Width =<\/span> width;<\/span>
    \n swapChainDesc.<\/span>BufferDesc.<\/span>Height =<\/span> height;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7a97\u53e3\u6837\u5f0f\u4e3a\u65e0\u8fb9\u6846<\/span>
    \n SetWindowLong<\/span>(<\/span>windowHandle,<\/span> GWL_STYLE,<\/span> WS_POPUP |<\/span> WS_VISIBLE)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n SetWindowPos<\/span>(<\/span>windowHandle,<\/span> HWND_TOP,<\/span>
    \n outputDesc.<\/span>DesktopCoordinates.<\/span>left,<\/span>
    \n outputDesc.<\/span>DesktopCoordinates.<\/span>top,<\/span>
    \n width,<\/span> height,<\/span>
    \n SWP_FRAMECHANGED)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    primaryOutput-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> IsAdaptiveSyncSupported<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u6d4bG-Sync\u6216FreeSync\u652f\u6301<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u7b80\u5316\u7248\u672c：\u603b\u662f\u8fd4\u56defalse<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> Resize<\/span>(<\/span>UINT newWidth,<\/span> UINT newHeight)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>swapChain)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807\u89c6\u56fe\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>
    \n \/\/ （\u8fd9\u91cc\u5047\u8bbe\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6e90）<\/span><\/p>\n

    width =<\/span> newWidth;<\/span>
    \n height =<\/span> newHeight;<\/span><\/p>\n

    HRESULT result =<\/span> swapChain-><\/span>ResizeBuffers<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n bufferCount,<\/span>
    \n width,<\/span>
    \n height,<\/span>
    \n format,<\/span>
    \n DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_FLAG_ALLOW_MODE_SWITCH
    \n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> ToggleFullscreen<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>swapChain)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    BOOL isCurrentlyFullscreen =<\/span> FALSE;<\/span>
    \n IDXGIOutput*<\/span> currentOutput =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5168\u5c4f\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
    \n swapChain-><\/span>GetFullscreenState<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>isCurrentlyFullscreen,<\/span> &<\/span>currentOutput)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5207\u6362\u5168\u5c4f\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
    \n HRESULT result =<\/span> swapChain-><\/span>SetFullscreenState<\/span>(<\/span>!<\/span>isCurrentlyFullscreen,<\/span> currentOutput)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>currentOutput)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n currentOutput-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n isFullscreen =<\/span> !<\/span>isCurrentlyFullscreen;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>isFullscreen)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n currentDisplayMode =<\/span> DisplayMode::<\/span>FullscreenExclusive;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n currentDisplayMode =<\/span> DisplayMode::<\/span>Windowed;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> SetRefreshRateMode<\/span>(<\/span>RefreshRateMode mode)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>currentRefreshRateMode ==<\/span> mode)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    currentRefreshRateMode =<\/span> mode;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u4ea4\u6362\u94fe\u6765\u5e94\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u5237\u65b0\u7387\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e94\u8be5\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> Present<\/span>(<\/span>UINT syncInterval =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> UINT flags =<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>swapChain)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6839\u636e\u5237\u65b0\u7387\u6a21\u5f0f\u8c03\u6574\u5448\u73b0\u53c2\u6570<\/span>
    \n UINT presentFlags =<\/span> flags;<\/span><\/p>\n

    switch<\/span> (<\/span>currentRefreshRateMode)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n case<\/span> RefreshRateMode::<\/span>VSyncEnabled:<\/span>
    \n syncInterval =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u5782\u76f4\u540c\u6b65<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    case<\/span> RefreshRateMode::<\/span>VSyncDisabled:<\/span>
    \n syncInterval =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u7acb\u5373\u5448\u73b0<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    case<\/span> RefreshRateMode::<\/span>AdaptiveSync:<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>IsAdaptiveSyncSupported<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n syncInterval =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n presentFlags |=<\/span> DXGI_PRESENT_ALLOW_TEARING;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n syncInterval =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    swapChain-><\/span>Present<\/span>(<\/span>syncInterval,<\/span> presentFlags)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>swapChain)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5207\u6362\u5230\u7a97\u53e3\u6a21\u5f0f\u518d\u91ca\u653e，\u907f\u514d\u5168\u5c4f\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span>
    \n swapChain-><\/span>SetFullscreenState<\/span>(<\/span>FALSE,<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n swapChain-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n swapChain =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    IDXGISwapChain*<\/span> GetSwapChain<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> swapChain;<\/span> }<\/span>
    \n UINT GetWidth<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> width;<\/span> }<\/span>
    \n UINT GetHeight<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> height;<\/span> }<\/span>
    \n DisplayMode GetDisplayMode<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> currentDisplayMode;<\/span> }<\/span>
    \n RefreshRateMode GetRefreshRateMode<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> currentRefreshRateMode;<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

    ~<\/span>SwapChainManager<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6362\u94fe\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5904\u7406\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u663e\u793a\u914d\u7f6e\u9700\u6c42：<\/p>\n

  • \u591a\u79cd\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f\u652f\u6301：\u5168\u5c4f\u72ec\u5360\u3001\u65e0\u8fb9\u6846\u7a97\u53e3\u3001\u7a97\u53e3\u6a21\u5f0f<\/li>\n
  • \u5237\u65b0\u7387\u63a7\u5236：\u5782\u76f4\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u5e27\u7387\u3001\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u540c\u6b65<\/li>\n
  • \u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574：\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u6539\u53d8\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u6574\u4ea4\u6362\u94fe<\/li>\n
  • \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316：\u6839\u636e\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f18\u5316\u5448\u73b0\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n

    13.1.3 \u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n

    \u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5bf9\u4e8e3D\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6e32\u67d3\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728\u300a\u8352\u91ce\u5927\u9556\u5ba22\u300b\u7b49\u5f00\u653e\u4e16\u754c\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d，\u590d\u6742\u7684\u573a\u666f\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u7ba1\u7406\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u906e\u6321\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

    #<\/span>include<\/span> <windows.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <d3d11.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <dxgi.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <vector><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    #<\/span>pragma<\/span> comment<\/span>(<\/span>lib,<\/span> <\/span>"d3d11.lib"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    class<\/span> DepthStencilManager<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n struct<\/span> DepthStencilConfig<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n DXGI_FORMAT format;<\/span>
    \n UINT width;<\/span>
    \n UINT height;<\/span>
    \n UINT sampleCount;<\/span>
    \n UINT sampleQuality;<\/span>
    \n bool<\/span> enableDepthTest;<\/span>
    \n bool<\/span> enableStencilTest;<\/span>
    \n D3D11_COMPARISON_FUNC depthComparisonFunc;<\/span>
    \n D3D11_DEPTH_WRITE_MASK depthWriteMask;<\/span>
    \n UINT stencilReadMask;<\/span>
    \n UINT stencilWriteMask;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    ID3D11Device*<\/span> device;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> deviceContext;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Texture2D*<\/span> depthStencilTexture;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DepthStencilView*<\/span> depthStencilView;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DepthStencilState*<\/span> depthStencilState;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n DepthStencilConfig currentConfig;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u591a\u91cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a（\u7528\u4e8e\u7279\u6b8a\u6548\u679c，\u5982\u6df1\u5ea6\u5265\u79bb）<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>ID3D11Texture2D*<\/span>><\/span> multiDepthTextures;<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>ID3D11DepthStencilView*<\/span>><\/span> multiDepthViews;<\/span><\/p>\n

    public<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n DepthStencilManager<\/span>(<\/span>ID3D11Device*<\/span> dev,<\/span> ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> context)<\/span>
    \n :<\/span> device<\/span>(<\/span>dev)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> deviceContext<\/span>(<\/span>context)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> depthStencilTexture<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> depthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> depthStencilState<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>format =<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_D24_UNORM_S8_UINT;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>width =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>height =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>sampleCount =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>sampleQuality =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>enableDepthTest =<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>enableStencilTest =<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>depthComparisonFunc =<\/span> D3D11_COMPARISON_LESS;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>depthWriteMask =<\/span> D3D11_DEPTH_WRITE_MASK_ALL;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>stencilReadMask =<\/span> 0xFF<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>stencilWriteMask =<\/span> 0xFF<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> Initialize<\/span>(<\/span>UINT width,<\/span> UINT height,<\/span> UINT sampleCount =<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> UINT sampleQuality =<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>width =<\/span> width;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>height =<\/span> height;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>sampleCount =<\/span> sampleCount;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>sampleQuality =<\/span> sampleQuality;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> CreateDepthStencilResources<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> CreateDepthStencilResources<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u73b0\u6709\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>
    \n ReleaseResources<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u7eb9\u7406<\/span>
    \n D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC depthStencilDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    depthStencilDesc.<\/span>Width =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>width;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>Height =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>height;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>MipLevels =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>ArraySize =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>format;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Count =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>sampleCount;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Quality =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>sampleQuality;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>Usage =<\/span> D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>BindFlags =<\/span> D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>CPUAccessFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>MiscFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateTexture2D<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilDesc,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>depthStencilTexture)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
    \n D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_VIEW_DESC depthStencilViewDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilViewDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilViewDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    depthStencilViewDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>format;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>sampleCount ><\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n depthStencilViewDesc.<\/span>ViewDimension =<\/span> D3D11_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2DMS;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n depthStencilViewDesc.<\/span>ViewDimension =<\/span> D3D11_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilViewDesc.<\/span>Texture2D.<\/span>MipSlice =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateDepthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilTexture,<\/span> &<\/span>depthStencilViewDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>depthStencilView)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
    \n D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_DESC depthStencilStateDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilStateDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilStateDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6df1\u5ea6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>DepthEnable =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>enableDepthTest;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>DepthWriteMask =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>depthWriteMask;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>DepthFunc =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>depthComparisonFunc;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6a21\u677f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>StencilEnable =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>enableStencilTest;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>StencilReadMask =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>stencilReadMask;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>StencilWriteMask =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>stencilWriteMask;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6b63\u9762\u591a\u8fb9\u5f62\u6a21\u677f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>FrontFace.<\/span>StencilFailOp =<\/span> D3D11_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>FrontFace.<\/span>StencilDepthFailOp =<\/span> D3D11_STENCIL_OP_INCR;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>FrontFace.<\/span>StencilPassOp =<\/span> D3D11_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>FrontFace.<\/span>StencilFunc =<\/span> D3D11_COMPARISON_ALWAYS;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u80cc\u9762\u591a\u8fb9\u5f62\u6a21\u677f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>BackFace.<\/span>StencilFailOp =<\/span> D3D11_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>BackFace.<\/span>StencilDepthFailOp =<\/span> D3D11_STENCIL_OP_DECR;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>BackFace.<\/span>StencilPassOp =<\/span> D3D11_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>BackFace.<\/span>StencilFunc =<\/span> D3D11_COMPARISON_ALWAYS;<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateDepthStencilState<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilStateDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>depthStencilState)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>OMSetDepthStencilState<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilState,<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> CreateMultiDepthBuffers<\/span>(<\/span>UINT count,<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT format =<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R32_FLOAT)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> texture :<\/span> multiDepthTextures)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>texture)<\/span> texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n multiDepthTextures.<\/span>clear<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> view :<\/span> multiDepthViews)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>view)<\/span> view-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n multiDepthViews.<\/span>clear<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a（\u7528\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5265\u79bb\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6280\u672f）<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>UINT i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> count;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Texture2D*<\/span> depthTexture =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DepthStencilView*<\/span> depthView =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7eb9\u7406<\/span>
    \n D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC texDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>texDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>texDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    texDesc.<\/span>Width =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>width;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>Height =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>height;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>MipLevels =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>ArraySize =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> format;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Count =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Quality =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>Usage =<\/span> D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>BindFlags =<\/span> D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL |<\/span> D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>CPUAccessFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>MiscFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateTexture2D<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>texDesc,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>depthTexture)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> texture :<\/span> multiDepthTextures)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>texture)<\/span> texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> view :<\/span> multiDepthViews)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>view)<\/span> view-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
    \n D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_VIEW_DESC dsvDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>dsvDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>dsvDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    dsvDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_D32_FLOAT;<\/span> \/\/ \u6df1\u5ea6\u683c\u5f0f<\/span>
    \n dsvDesc.<\/span>ViewDimension =<\/span> D3D11_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D;<\/span>
    \n dsvDesc.<\/span>Texture2D.<\/span>MipSlice =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateDepthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>depthTexture,<\/span> &<\/span>dsvDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>depthView)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n depthTexture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> texture :<\/span> multiDepthTextures)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>texture)<\/span> texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> view :<\/span> multiDepthViews)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>view)<\/span> view-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    multiDepthTextures.<\/span>push_back<\/span>(<\/span>depthTexture)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n multiDepthViews.<\/span>push_back<\/span>(<\/span>depthView)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> Clear<\/span>(<\/span>float<\/span> depthValue =<\/span> 1.0f<\/span>,<\/span> UINT8 stencilValue =<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>depthStencilView)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n UINT clearFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>enableDepthTest)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n clearFlags |=<\/span> D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>enableStencilTest)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n clearFlags |=<\/span> D3D11_CLEAR_STENCIL;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>clearFlags !=<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>ClearDepthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilView,<\/span> clearFlags,<\/span> depthValue,<\/span> stencilValue)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6e05\u9664\u591a\u91cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> view :<\/span> multiDepthViews)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>ClearDepthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>view,<\/span> D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH,<\/span> depthValue,<\/span> stencilValue)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> SetDepthTestEnabled<\/span>(<\/span>bool<\/span> enabled)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>enableDepthTest ==<\/span> enabled)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    currentConfig.<\/span>enableDepthTest =<\/span> enabled;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>depthStencilState)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n depthStencilState-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilState =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_DESC depthStencilStateDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilStateDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilStateDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>DepthEnable =<\/span> enabled;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>DepthWriteMask =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>depthWriteMask;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>DepthFunc =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>depthComparisonFunc;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ … \u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e<\/span><\/p>\n

    device-><\/span>CreateDepthStencilState<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilStateDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>depthStencilState)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>OMSetDepthStencilState<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilState,<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> SetDepthComparisonFunc<\/span>(<\/span>D3D11_COMPARISON_FUNC func)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>depthComparisonFunc ==<\/span> func)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    currentConfig.<\/span>depthComparisonFunc =<\/span> func;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>depthStencilState)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n depthStencilState-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilState =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_DESC depthStencilStateDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilStateDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilStateDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>DepthEnable =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>enableDepthTest;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>DepthWriteMask =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>depthWriteMask;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilStateDesc.<\/span>DepthFunc =<\/span> func;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ … \u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e<\/span><\/p>\n

    device-><\/span>CreateDepthStencilState<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilStateDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>depthStencilState)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>OMSetDepthStencilState<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilState,<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> Resize<\/span>(<\/span>UINT newWidth,<\/span> UINT newHeight)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>newWidth ==<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>width &&<\/span> newHeight ==<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>height)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    currentConfig.<\/span>width =<\/span> newWidth;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>height =<\/span> newHeight;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>
    \n CreateDepthStencilResources<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u91cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a（\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728）<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>multiDepthTextures.<\/span>empty<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n CreateMultiDepthBuffers<\/span>(<\/span>static_cast<\/span><<\/span>UINT><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>multiDepthTextures.<\/span>size<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> ReleaseResources<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>depthStencilState)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n depthStencilState-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilState =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>depthStencilView)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n depthStencilView-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilView =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>depthStencilTexture)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n depthStencilTexture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilTexture =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u591a\u91cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> texture :<\/span> multiDepthTextures)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>texture)<\/span> texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n multiDepthTextures.<\/span>clear<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> view :<\/span> multiDepthViews)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>view)<\/span> view-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n multiDepthViews.<\/span>clear<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    ID3D11DepthStencilView*<\/span> GetDepthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> depthStencilView;<\/span> }<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DepthStencilState*<\/span> GetDepthStencilState<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> depthStencilState;<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

    UINT GetWidth<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>width;<\/span> }<\/span>
    \n UINT GetHeight<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>height;<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

    ~<\/span>DepthStencilManager<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n ReleaseResources<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd：<\/p>\n

  • \u52a8\u6001\u914d\u7f6e：\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u6df1\u5ea6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u6a21\u677f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n
  • \u591a\u91cd\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a：\u652f\u6301\u6df1\u5ea6\u5265\u79bb\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6e32\u67d3\u6280\u672f<\/li>\n
  • \u81ea\u52a8\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406：\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u6539\u53d8\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n
  • \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316：\u53ea\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n

    13.2 Direct3D\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n

    13.2.1 \u73b0\u4ee3\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u67b6\u6784<\/h4>\n

    \u73b0\u4ee3\u6e38\u620f\u5982\u300a\u6700\u7ec8\u5e7b\u60f37\u91cd\u5236\u7248\u300b\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf，\u5305\u62ec\u524d\u5411\u6e32\u67d3\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3\u3001\u524d\u5411+\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u67b6\u6784\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e0b\u9762\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7ba1\u7406\u5668：<\/p>\n

    #<\/span>include<\/span> <windows.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <d3d11.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <d3dcompiler.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <DirectXMath.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <vector><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <map><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <string><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    #<\/span>pragma<\/span> comment<\/span>(<\/span>lib,<\/span> <\/span>"d3d11.lib"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>pragma<\/span> comment<\/span>(<\/span>lib,<\/span> <\/span>"d3dcompiler.lib"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    using<\/span> namespace<\/span> DirectX;<\/span><\/p>\n

    enum<\/span> class<\/span> RenderPipelineType<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n Forward,<\/span> \/\/ \u524d\u5411\u6e32\u67d3（\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u5f0f）<\/span>
    \n Deferred,<\/span> \/\/ \u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3（\u73b0\u4ee3AAA\u6e38\u620f\u5e38\u7528）<\/span>
    \n ForwardPlus,<\/span> \/\/ \u524d\u5411+\u6e32\u67d3（\u5e73\u8861\u65b9\u6848）<\/span>
    \n TileBased \/\/ \u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u5757\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3（\u79fb\u52a8\u5e73\u53f0）<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    enum<\/span> class<\/span> LightingModel<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n Phong,<\/span> \/\/ Phong\u5149\u7167\u6a21\u578b<\/span>
    \n BlinnPhong,<\/span> \/\/ Blinn-Phong\u5149\u7167\u6a21\u578b（\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548）<\/span>
    \n PBR,<\/span> \/\/ \u57fa\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6e32\u67d3（\u73b0\u4ee3\u6807\u51c6）<\/span>
    \n CelShading \/\/ \u5361\u901a\u6e32\u67d3<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    struct<\/span> PipelineConfig<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n RenderPipelineType pipelineType;<\/span>
    \n LightingModel lightingModel;<\/span>
    \n bool<\/span> enableShadows;<\/span>
    \n bool<\/span> enableSSAO;<\/span> \/\/ \u5c4f\u5e55\u7a7a\u95f4\u73af\u5883\u5149\u906e\u853d<\/span>
    \n bool<\/span> enableBloom;<\/span> \/\/ \u6cdb\u5149\u6548\u679c<\/span>
    \n bool<\/span> enableMotionBlur;<\/span> \/\/ \u8fd0\u52a8\u6a21\u7cca<\/span>
    \n bool<\/span> enableDepthOfField;<\/span> \/\/ \u666f\u6df1\u6548\u679c<\/span>
    \n UINT shadowMapSize;<\/span>
    \n UINT msaaLevel;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    class<\/span> RenderPipelineManager<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Device*<\/span> device;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> deviceContext;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5f53\u524d\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n PipelineConfig currentConfig;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807<\/span>
    \n ID3D11RenderTargetView*<\/span> mainRenderTargetView;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Texture2D*<\/span> mainRenderTargetTexture;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ G-Buffer\u7528\u4e8e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3<\/span>
    \n struct<\/span> GBuffer<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Texture2D*<\/span> texture;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11RenderTargetView*<\/span> rtv;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11ShaderResourceView*<\/span> srv;<\/span>
    \n DXGI_FORMAT format;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>GBuffer><\/span> gBuffer;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Texture2D*<\/span> depthStencilTexture;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DepthStencilView*<\/span> depthStencilView;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11ShaderResourceView*<\/span> depthSRV;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n ID3D11VertexShader*<\/span> forwardVS;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11PixelShader*<\/span> forwardPS;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11VertexShader*<\/span> deferredVS;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11PixelShader*<\/span> deferredPS;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11PixelShader*<\/span> lightingPS;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8f93\u5165\u5e03\u5c40<\/span>
    \n ID3D11InputLayout*<\/span> inputLayout;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5e38\u91cf\u548c\u91c7\u6837\u5668<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> perFrameConstantBuffer;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> perObjectConstantBuffer;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11SamplerState*<\/span> linearSampler;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11SamplerState*<\/span> pointSampler;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u89c6\u53e3<\/span>
    \n D3D11_VIEWPORT mainViewport;<\/span><\/p>\n

    public<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n RenderPipelineManager<\/span>(<\/span>ID3D11Device*<\/span> dev,<\/span> ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> context)<\/span>
    \n :<\/span> device<\/span>(<\/span>dev)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> deviceContext<\/span>(<\/span>context)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> mainRenderTargetView<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> mainRenderTargetTexture<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> depthStencilTexture<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> depthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> depthSRV<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> forwardVS<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> forwardPS<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> deferredVS<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> deferredPS<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> lightingPS<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> inputLayout<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> perFrameConstantBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> perObjectConstantBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> linearSampler<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> pointSampler<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>pipelineType =<\/span> RenderPipelineType::<\/span>Forward;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>lightingModel =<\/span> LightingModel::<\/span>BlinnPhong;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>enableShadows =<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>enableSSAO =<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>enableBloom =<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>enableMotionBlur =<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>enableDepthOfField =<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>shadowMapSize =<\/span> 2048<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>msaaLevel =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> Initialize<\/span>(<\/span>UINT width,<\/span> UINT height,<\/span> PipelineConfig config)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n currentConfig =<\/span> config;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u89c6\u53e3<\/span>
    \n mainViewport.<\/span>TopLeftX =<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n mainViewport.<\/span>TopLeftY =<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n mainViewport.<\/span>Width =<\/span> static_cast<\/span><<\/span>float<\/span>><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>width)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n mainViewport.<\/span>Height =<\/span> static_cast<\/span><<\/span>float<\/span>><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>height)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n mainViewport.<\/span>MinDepth =<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n mainViewport.<\/span>MaxDepth =<\/span> 1.0f<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>CreateMainRenderTarget<\/span>(<\/span>width,<\/span> height)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>CreateDepthStencil<\/span>(<\/span>width,<\/span> height)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efaG-Buffer（\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3）<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>config.<\/span>pipelineType ==<\/span> RenderPipelineType::<\/span>Deferred ||<\/span>
    \n config.<\/span>pipelineType ==<\/span> RenderPipelineType::<\/span>ForwardPlus)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>CreateGBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>width,<\/span> height)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7f16\u8bd1\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>CompileShaders<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>CreateConstantBuffers<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u91c7\u6837\u5668\u72b6\u6001<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>CreateSamplerStates<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> CreateMainRenderTarget<\/span>(<\/span>UINT width,<\/span> UINT height)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807\u7eb9\u7406<\/span>
    \n D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC textureDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>textureDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>textureDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    textureDesc.<\/span>Width =<\/span> width;<\/span>
    \n textureDesc.<\/span>Height =<\/span> height;<\/span>
    \n textureDesc.<\/span>MipLevels =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n textureDesc.<\/span>ArraySize =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n textureDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;<\/span>
    \n textureDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Count =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>msaaLevel;<\/span>
    \n textureDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Quality =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n textureDesc.<\/span>Usage =<\/span> D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;<\/span>
    \n textureDesc.<\/span>BindFlags =<\/span> D3D11_BIND_RENDER_TARGET |<\/span> D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE;<\/span>
    \n textureDesc.<\/span>CPUAccessFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n textureDesc.<\/span>MiscFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateTexture2D<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>textureDesc,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>mainRenderTargetTexture)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateRenderTargetView<\/span>(<\/span>mainRenderTargetTexture,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>mainRenderTargetView)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> CreateDepthStencil<\/span>(<\/span>UINT width,<\/span> UINT height)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u7eb9\u7406<\/span>
    \n D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC depthStencilDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    depthStencilDesc.<\/span>Width =<\/span> width;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>Height =<\/span> height;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>MipLevels =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>ArraySize =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R24G8_TYPELESS;<\/span> \/\/ \u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efaSRV<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Count =<\/span> currentConfig.<\/span>msaaLevel;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Quality =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>Usage =<\/span> D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>BindFlags =<\/span> D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL |<\/span> D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>CPUAccessFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n depthStencilDesc.<\/span>MiscFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateTexture2D<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>depthStencilDesc,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>depthStencilTexture)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
    \n D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_VIEW_DESC dsvDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>dsvDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>dsvDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    dsvDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_D24_UNORM_S8_UINT;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>msaaLevel ><\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n dsvDesc.<\/span>ViewDimension =<\/span> D3D11_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2DMS;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n dsvDesc.<\/span>ViewDimension =<\/span> D3D11_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D;<\/span>
    \n dsvDesc.<\/span>Texture2D.<\/span>MipSlice =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateDepthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilTexture,<\/span> &<\/span>dsvDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>depthStencilView)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u7eb9\u7406\u7684\u7740\u8272\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u89c6\u56fe（\u7528\u4e8e\u540e\u5904\u7406）<\/span>
    \n D3D11_SHADER_RESOURCE_VIEW_DESC srvDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>srvDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>srvDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    srvDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R24_UNORM_X8_TYPELESS;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>msaaLevel ><\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n srvDesc.<\/span>ViewDimension =<\/span> D3D11_SRV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2DMS;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n srvDesc.<\/span>ViewDimension =<\/span> D3D11_SRV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D;<\/span>
    \n srvDesc.<\/span>Texture2D.<\/span>MostDetailedMip =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n srvDesc.<\/span>Texture2D.<\/span>MipLevels =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateShaderResourceView<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilTexture,<\/span> &<\/span>srvDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>depthSRV)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> CreateGBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>UINT width,<\/span> UINT height)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ G-Buffer\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b：<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 1. \u6f2b\u53cd\u5c04\u989c\u8272 + \u6750\u8d28\u7c7b\u578b<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 2. \u6cd5\u7ebf + \u7c97\u7cd9\u5ea6<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 3. \u4f4d\u7f6e + \u91d1\u5c5e\u5ea6<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 4. \u81ea\u53d1\u5149 + \u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/p>\n

    DXGI_FORMAT gBufferFormats[<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM,<\/span> \/\/ \u6f2b\u53cd\u5c04 + \u6750\u8d28<\/span>
    \n DXGI_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_FLOAT,<\/span> \/\/ \u6cd5\u7ebf + \u7c97\u7cd9\u5ea6<\/span>
    \n DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT,<\/span> \/\/ \u4f4d\u7f6e + \u91d1\u5c5e\u5ea6<\/span>
    \n DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM \/\/ \u81ea\u53d1\u5149 + \u5176\u4ed6<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    const<\/span> char<\/span>*<\/span> gBufferNames[<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n "DiffuseMaterial"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n "NormalRoughness"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n "PositionMetalness"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n "EmissiveOther"<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    for<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> 4<\/span>;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n GBuffer buffer;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7eb9\u7406<\/span>
    \n D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC texDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>texDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>texDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    texDesc.<\/span>Width =<\/span> width;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>Height =<\/span> height;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>MipLevels =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>ArraySize =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> gBufferFormats[<\/span>i]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Count =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ G-Buffer\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u91cd\u91c7\u6837<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Quality =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>Usage =<\/span> D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>BindFlags =<\/span> D3D11_BIND_RENDER_TARGET |<\/span> D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>CPUAccessFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n texDesc.<\/span>MiscFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateTexture2D<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>texDesc,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>buffer.<\/span>texture)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> gb :<\/span> gBuffer)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>gb.<\/span>srv)<\/span> gb.<\/span>srv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>gb.<\/span>rtv)<\/span> gb.<\/span>rtv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>gb.<\/span>texture)<\/span> gb.<\/span>texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n gBuffer.<\/span>clear<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateRenderTargetView<\/span>(<\/span>buffer.<\/span>texture,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>buffer.<\/span>rtv)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n buffer.<\/span>texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> gb :<\/span> gBuffer)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>gb.<\/span>srv)<\/span> gb.<\/span>srv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>gb.<\/span>rtv)<\/span> gb.<\/span>rtv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>gb.<\/span>texture)<\/span> gb.<\/span>texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n gBuffer.<\/span>clear<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7740\u8272\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateShaderResourceView<\/span>(<\/span>buffer.<\/span>texture,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>buffer.<\/span>srv)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n buffer.<\/span>rtv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n buffer.<\/span>texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> gb :<\/span> gBuffer)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>gb.<\/span>srv)<\/span> gb.<\/span>srv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>gb.<\/span>rtv)<\/span> gb.<\/span>rtv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>gb.<\/span>texture)<\/span> gb.<\/span>texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n gBuffer.<\/span>clear<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    buffer.<\/span>format =<\/span> gBufferFormats[<\/span>i]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n gBuffer.<\/span>push_back<\/span>(<\/span>buffer)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> CompileShaders<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n HRESULT result =<\/span> S_OK;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7f16\u8bd1\u524d\u5411\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> char<\/span>*<\/span> forwardVSCode =<\/span>
    \n "cbuffer PerFrameConstants : register(b0)\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4x4 viewMatrix;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4x4 projectionMatrix;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 cameraPosition;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float padding;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "};\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "cbuffer PerObjectConstants : register(b1)\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4x4 worldMatrix;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4 materialColor;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float roughness;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float metalness;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float2 paddingObj;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "};\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "struct VertexInput\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 position : POSITION;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 normal : NORMAL;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float2 texcoord : TEXCOORD;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "};\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "struct PixelInput\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4 position : SV_POSITION;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 worldPosition : POSITION;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 normal : NORMAL;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float2 texcoord : TEXCOORD;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "};\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "PixelInput main(VertexInput input)\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " PixelInput output;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u4e16\u754c\u53d8\u6362\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4 worldPos = mul(float4(input.position, 1.0f), worldMatrix);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u89c6\u56fe\u548c\u6295\u5f71\u53d8\u6362\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " output.position = mul(mul(worldPos, viewMatrix), projectionMatrix);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u4f20\u9012\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " output.worldPosition = worldPos.xyz;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " output.normal = normalize(mul(input.normal, (float3x3)worldMatrix));\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " output.texcoord = input.texcoord;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " return output;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "}"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    const<\/span> char<\/span>*<\/span> forwardPSCode =<\/span>
    \n "cbuffer PerFrameConstants : register(b0)\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4x4 viewMatrix;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4x4 projectionMatrix;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 cameraPosition;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float padding;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "};\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "cbuffer PerObjectConstants : register(b1)\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4x4 worldMatrix;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4 materialColor;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float roughness;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float metalness;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float2 paddingObj;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "};\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "struct PixelInput\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4 position : SV_POSITION;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 worldPosition : POSITION;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 normal : NORMAL;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float2 texcoord : TEXCOORD;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "};\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\/\/ \u7b80\u5355\u5149\u7167\u8ba1\u7b97（Blinn-Phong）\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "float3 CalculateLighting(float3 position, float3 normal, float3 viewDir)\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 lightColor = float3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 lightDirection = normalize(float3(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f));\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u6f2b\u53cd\u5c04\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float diffuse = max(dot(normal, lightDirection), 0.0f);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 diffuseColor = lightColor * diffuse;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u955c\u9762\u53cd\u5c04（Blinn-Phong）\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 halfVector = normalize(lightDirection + viewDir);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float specular = pow(max(dot(normal, halfVector), 0.0f), 32.0f);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 specularColor = lightColor * specular;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u73af\u5883\u5149\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 ambientColor = float3(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " return ambientColor + diffuseColor + specularColor;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "}\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "float4 main(PixelInput input) : SV_TARGET\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u6807\u51c6\u5316\u6cd5\u7ebf\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 normal = normalize(input.normal);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u89c6\u7ebf\u65b9\u5411\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 viewDir = normalize(cameraPosition – input.worldPosition);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u5149\u7167\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 lighting = CalculateLighting(input.worldPosition, normal, viewDir);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u5e94\u7528\u6750\u8d28\u989c\u8272\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 finalColor = materialColor.rgb * lighting;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " return float4(finalColor, materialColor.a);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "}"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    ID3DBlob*<\/span> vsBlob =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n ID3DBlob*<\/span> psBlob =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n ID3DBlob*<\/span> errorBlob =<\/span> nullptr<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7f16\u8bd1\u9876\u70b9\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> D3DCompile<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n forwardVSCode,<\/span>
    \n strlen<\/span>(<\/span>forwardVSCode)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n "ForwardVS"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n nullptr<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n nullptr<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n "main"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n "vs_5_0"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n 0<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n 0<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n &<\/span>vsBlob,<\/span>
    \n &<\/span>errorBlob
    \n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>errorBlob)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n OutputDebugStringA<\/span>(<\/span>(<\/span>char<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span>errorBlob-><\/span>GetBufferPointer<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n errorBlob-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u9876\u70b9\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateVertexShader<\/span>(<\/span>vsBlob-><\/span>GetBufferPointer<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> vsBlob-><\/span>GetBufferSize<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>forwardVS)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n vsBlob-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7f16\u8bd1\u50cf\u7d20\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> D3DCompile<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n forwardPSCode,<\/span>
    \n strlen<\/span>(<\/span>forwardPSCode)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n "ForwardPS"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n nullptr<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n nullptr<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n "main"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n "ps_5_0"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n 0<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n 0<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n &<\/span>psBlob,<\/span>
    \n &<\/span>errorBlob
    \n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n vsBlob-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>errorBlob)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n errorBlob-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u50cf\u7d20\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreatePixelShader<\/span>(<\/span>psBlob-><\/span>GetBufferPointer<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> psBlob-><\/span>GetBufferSize<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>forwardPS)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u8f93\u5165\u5e03\u5c40<\/span>
    \n D3D11_INPUT_ELEMENT_DESC layout[<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n {<\/span> "POSITION"<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA,<\/span> 0<\/span> }<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n {<\/span> "NORMAL"<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 12<\/span>,<\/span> D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA,<\/span> 0<\/span> }<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n {<\/span> "TEXCOORD"<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32_FLOAT,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 24<\/span>,<\/span> D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA,<\/span> 0<\/span> }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateInputLayout<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n layout,<\/span>
    \n 3<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n vsBlob-><\/span>GetBufferPointer<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n vsBlob-><\/span>GetBufferSize<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n &<\/span>inputLayout
    \n )<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61<\/span>
    \n vsBlob-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n psBlob-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>errorBlob)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n errorBlob-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> CreateConstantBuffers<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6bcf\u5e27\u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n D3D11_BUFFER_DESC perFrameDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>perFrameDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>perFrameDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    perFrameDesc.<\/span>Usage =<\/span> D3D11_USAGE_DYNAMIC;<\/span>
    \n perFrameDesc.<\/span>ByteWidth =<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>PerFrameConstants)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n perFrameDesc.<\/span>BindFlags =<\/span> D3D11_BIND_CONSTANT_BUFFER;<\/span>
    \n perFrameDesc.<\/span>CPUAccessFlags =<\/span> D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE;<\/span><\/p>\n

    HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>perFrameDesc,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>perFrameConstantBuffer)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n D3D11_BUFFER_DESC perObjectDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>perObjectDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>perObjectDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    perObjectDesc.<\/span>Usage =<\/span> D3D11_USAGE_DYNAMIC;<\/span>
    \n perObjectDesc.<\/span>ByteWidth =<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>PerObjectConstants)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n perObjectDesc.<\/span>BindFlags =<\/span> D3D11_BIND_CONSTANT_BUFFER;<\/span>
    \n perObjectDesc.<\/span>CPUAccessFlags =<\/span> D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE;<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>perObjectDesc,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>perObjectConstantBuffer)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> CreateSamplerStates<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u6027\u91c7\u6837\u5668<\/span>
    \n D3D11_SAMPLER_DESC linearDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>linearDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>linearDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    linearDesc.<\/span>Filter =<\/span> D3D11_FILTER_MIN_MAG_MIP_LINEAR;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>AddressU =<\/span> D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>AddressV =<\/span> D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>AddressW =<\/span> D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>MipLODBias =<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>MaxAnisotropy =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>ComparisonFunc =<\/span> D3D11_COMPARISON_ALWAYS;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>BorderColor[<\/span>0<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>BorderColor[<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>BorderColor[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>BorderColor[<\/span>3<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>MinLOD =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n linearDesc.<\/span>MaxLOD =<\/span> D3D11_FLOAT32_MAX;<\/span><\/p>\n

    HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateSamplerState<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>linearDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>linearSampler)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u70b9\u91c7\u6837\u5668<\/span>
    \n D3D11_SAMPLER_DESC pointDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>pointDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>pointDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    pointDesc.<\/span>Filter =<\/span> D3D11_FILTER_MIN_MAG_MIP_POINT;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>AddressU =<\/span> D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>AddressV =<\/span> D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>AddressW =<\/span> D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>MipLODBias =<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>MaxAnisotropy =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>ComparisonFunc =<\/span> D3D11_COMPARISON_ALWAYS;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>BorderColor[<\/span>0<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>BorderColor[<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>BorderColor[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>BorderColor[<\/span>3<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>MinLOD =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n pointDesc.<\/span>MaxLOD =<\/span> D3D11_FLOAT32_MAX;<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateSamplerState<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>pointDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>pointSampler)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> BeginFrame<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> float<\/span> clearColor[<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u89c6\u53e3<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>RSSetViewports<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>mainViewport)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6e05\u9664\u4e3b\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>ClearRenderTargetView<\/span>(<\/span>mainRenderTargetView,<\/span> clearColor)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>ClearDepthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>depthStencilView,<\/span> D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH,<\/span> 1.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6839\u636e\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7c7b\u578b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807<\/span>
    \n switch<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>pipelineType)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n case<\/span> RenderPipelineType::<\/span>Forward:<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u524d\u5411\u6e32\u67d3：\u76f4\u63a5\u6e32\u67d3\u5230\u4e3b\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>OMSetRenderTargets<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>mainRenderTargetView,<\/span> depthStencilView)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    case<\/span> RenderPipelineType::<\/span>Deferred:<\/span>
    \n case<\/span> RenderPipelineType::<\/span>ForwardPlus:<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3：\u6e32\u67d3\u5230G-Buffer<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n ID3D11RenderTargetView*<\/span> rtvs[<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> 4<\/span>;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n rtvs[<\/span>i]<\/span> =<\/span> gBuffer[<\/span>i]<\/span>.<\/span>rtv;<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6e05\u9664G-Buffer<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> float<\/span> clearGBuffer[<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span> }<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>ClearRenderTargetView<\/span>(<\/span>rtvs[<\/span>i]<\/span>,<\/span> clearGBuffer)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>OMSetRenderTargets<\/span>(<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span> rtvs,<\/span> depthStencilView)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u91c7\u6837\u5668<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>PSSetSamplers<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>linearSampler)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>PSSetSamplers<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>pointSampler)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> RenderObject<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> vertexBuffer,<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> indexBuffer,<\/span>
    \n UINT vertexCount,<\/span>
    \n UINT indexCount,<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMMATRIX&<\/span> worldMatrix,<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT4&<\/span> materialColor,<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> roughness =<\/span> 0.5f<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> metalness =<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u6bcf\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE mapped;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>Map<\/span>(<\/span>perObjectConstantBuffer,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> D3D11_MAP_WRITE_DISCARD,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>mapped)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    PerObjectConstants*<\/span> constants =<\/span> static_cast<\/span><<\/span>PerObjectConstants*<\/span>><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>mapped.<\/span>pData)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n XMStoreFloat4x4<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>constants-><\/span>worldMatrix,<\/span> XMMatrixTranspose<\/span>(<\/span>worldMatrix)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n constants-><\/span>materialColor =<\/span> materialColor;<\/span>
    \n constants-><\/span>roughness =<\/span> roughness;<\/span>
    \n constants-><\/span>metalness =<\/span> metalness;<\/span><\/p>\n

    deviceContext-><\/span>Unmap<\/span>(<\/span>perObjectConstantBuffer,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>VSSetConstantBuffers<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>perObjectConstantBuffer)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>PSSetConstantBuffers<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>perObjectConstantBuffer)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8f93\u5165\u5e03\u5c40\u548c\u9876\u70b9\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n UINT stride =<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>Vertex)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n UINT offset =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>IASetInputLayout<\/span>(<\/span>inputLayout)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>IASetVertexBuffers<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>vertexBuffer,<\/span> &<\/span>stride,<\/span> &<\/span>offset)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7d22\u5f15\u7f13\u51b2\u533a（\u5982\u679c\u6709）<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>indexBuffer &&<\/span> indexCount ><\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>IASetIndexBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>indexBuffer,<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R32_UINT,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u56fe\u5143\u62d3\u6251<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>IASetPrimitiveTopology<\/span>(<\/span>D3D11_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6839\u636e\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7c7b\u578b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>pipelineType ==<\/span> RenderPipelineType::<\/span>Forward)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>VSSetShader<\/span>(<\/span>forwardVS,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>PSSetShader<\/span>(<\/span>forwardPS,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>VSSetShader<\/span>(<\/span>deferredVS,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>PSSetShader<\/span>(<\/span>deferredPS,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7ed8\u5236<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>indexBuffer &&<\/span> indexCount ><\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>DrawIndexed<\/span>(<\/span>indexCount,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>Draw<\/span>(<\/span>vertexCount,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> ApplyLightingPass<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>pipelineType ==<\/span> RenderPipelineType::<\/span>Deferred ||<\/span>
    \n currentConfig.<\/span>pipelineType ==<\/span> RenderPipelineType::<\/span>ForwardPlus)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u7167\u660e\u9636\u6bb5<\/span>
    \n \/\/ 1. \u5c06\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807\u5207\u6362\u56de\u4e3b\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>OMSetRenderTargets<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>mainRenderTargetView,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 2. \u8bbe\u7f6eG-Buffer\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7eb9\u7406\u8f93\u5165<\/span>
    \n ID3D11ShaderResourceView*<\/span> srvs[<\/span>5<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n srvs[<\/span>0<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> gBuffer[<\/span>0<\/span>]<\/span>.<\/span>srv;<\/span> \/\/ \u6f2b\u53cd\u5c04+\u6750\u8d28<\/span>
    \n srvs[<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> gBuffer[<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span>.<\/span>srv;<\/span> \/\/ \u6cd5\u7ebf+\u7c97\u7cd9\u5ea6<\/span>
    \n srvs[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> gBuffer[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span>.<\/span>srv;<\/span> \/\/ \u4f4d\u7f6e+\u91d1\u5c5e\u5ea6<\/span>
    \n srvs[<\/span>3<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> gBuffer[<\/span>3<\/span>]<\/span>.<\/span>srv;<\/span> \/\/ \u81ea\u53d1\u5149+\u5176\u4ed6<\/span>
    \n srvs[<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> depthSRV;<\/span> \/\/ \u6df1\u5ea6<\/span><\/p>\n

    deviceContext-><\/span>PSSetShaderResources<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>,<\/span> srvs)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 3. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7167\u660e\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>VSSetShader<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u5168\u5c4f\u56db\u8fb9\u5f62\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9876\u70b9\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>PSSetShader<\/span>(<\/span>lightingPS,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 4. \u7ed8\u5236\u5168\u5c4f\u56db\u8fb9\u5f62<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>IASetPrimitiveTopology<\/span>(<\/span>D3D11_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>Draw<\/span>(<\/span>6<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ 6\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u5f62\u62102\u4e2a\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ 5. \u89e3\u9664\u7eb9\u7406\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/span>
    \n ID3D11ShaderResourceView*<\/span> nullSRVs[<\/span>5<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> nullptr<\/span> }<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>PSSetShaderResources<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>,<\/span> nullSRVs)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> ApplyPostProcessing<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u540e\u5904\u7406\u6548\u679c<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>enableSSAO)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n ApplySSAO<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>enableBloom)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n ApplyBloom<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>enableMotionBlur)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n ApplyMotionBlur<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>currentConfig.<\/span>enableDepthOfField)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n ApplyDepthOfField<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> ApplySSAO<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5c4f\u5e55\u7a7a\u95f4\u73af\u5883\u5149\u906e\u853d\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> ApplyBloom<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6cdb\u5149\u6548\u679c\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec：\u4eae\u5ea6\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u9ad8\u65af\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u5408\u6210\u7b49\u6b65\u9aa4<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> ApplyMotionBlur<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8fd0\u52a8\u6a21\u7cca\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u9700\u8981\u901f\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u8bb0\u5f55\u50cf\u7d20\u8fd0\u52a8<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> ApplyDepthOfField<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u666f\u6df1\u6548\u679c\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u4fe1\u606f\u6a21\u7cca\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u524d\u666f<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> EndFrame<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u540e\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6267\u884c\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u5448\u73b0<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6ce8\u610f：\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5448\u73b0\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4ea4\u6362\u94fe\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> Resize<\/span>(<\/span>UINT newWidth,<\/span> UINT newHeight)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u89c6\u53e3<\/span>
    \n mainViewport.<\/span>Width =<\/span> static_cast<\/span><<\/span>float<\/span>><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>newWidth)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n mainViewport.<\/span>Height =<\/span> static_cast<\/span><<\/span>float<\/span>><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>newHeight)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>mainRenderTargetView)<\/span> mainRenderTargetView-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>mainRenderTargetTexture)<\/span> mainRenderTargetTexture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n CreateMainRenderTarget<\/span>(<\/span>newWidth,<\/span> newHeight)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>depthStencilView)<\/span> depthStencilView-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>depthStencilTexture)<\/span> depthStencilTexture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>depthSRV)<\/span> depthSRV-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n CreateDepthStencil<\/span>(<\/span>newWidth,<\/span> newHeight)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efaG-Buffer（\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728）<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>gBuffer.<\/span>empty<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> buffer :<\/span> gBuffer)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>buffer.<\/span>srv)<\/span> buffer.<\/span>srv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>buffer.<\/span>rtv)<\/span> buffer.<\/span>rtv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>buffer.<\/span>texture)<\/span> buffer.<\/span>texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n gBuffer.<\/span>clear<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n CreateGBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>newWidth,<\/span> newHeight)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u6240\u6709\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>inputLayout)<\/span> inputLayout-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>forwardVS)<\/span> forwardVS-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>forwardPS)<\/span> forwardPS-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>deferredVS)<\/span> deferredVS-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>deferredPS)<\/span> deferredPS-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>lightingPS)<\/span> lightingPS-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>perFrameConstantBuffer)<\/span> perFrameConstantBuffer-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>perObjectConstantBuffer)<\/span> perObjectConstantBuffer-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>linearSampler)<\/span> linearSampler-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>pointSampler)<\/span> pointSampler-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>depthSRV)<\/span> depthSRV-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>depthStencilView)<\/span> depthStencilView-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>depthStencilTexture)<\/span> depthStencilTexture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>mainRenderTargetView)<\/span> mainRenderTargetView-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>mainRenderTargetTexture)<\/span> mainRenderTargetTexture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    for<\/span> (<\/span>auto<\/span>&<\/span> buffer :<\/span> gBuffer)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>buffer.<\/span>srv)<\/span> buffer.<\/span>srv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>buffer.<\/span>rtv)<\/span> buffer.<\/span>rtv-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>buffer.<\/span>texture)<\/span> buffer.<\/span>texture-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n gBuffer.<\/span>clear<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>
    \n struct<\/span> PerFrameConstants<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT4X4 viewMatrix;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT4X4 projectionMatrix;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3 cameraPosition;<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> padding;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    struct<\/span> PerObjectConstants<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT4X4 worldMatrix;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT4 materialColor;<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> roughness;<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> metalness;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT2 paddingObj;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    struct<\/span> Vertex<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3 position;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3 normal;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT2 texcoord;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    ~<\/span>RenderPipelineManager<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6e38\u620f\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd：<\/p>\n

  • \u591a\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u652f\u6301：\u524d\u5411\u6e32\u67d3\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3\u7b49<\/li>\n
  • G-Buffer\u7ba1\u7406：\u4e3a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301<\/li>\n
  • \u540e\u5904\u7406\u6548\u679c：SSAO\u3001\u6cdb\u5149\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u666f\u6df1\u7b49<\/li>\n
  • \u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574：\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u6539\u53d8\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u6574\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n
  • \u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1：\u6613\u4e8e\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4<\/li>\n

    13.3 \u9ad8\u7ea7\u6e32\u67d3\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n

    13.3.1 \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6e32\u67d3<\/h4>\n

    \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6e32\u67d3\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f，\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6e32\u67d3\u5927\u91cf\u76f8\u4f3c\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6（\u5982\u8349\u5730\u3001\u6811\u6728\u3001\u4eba\u7fa4）\u3002\u300a\u523a\u5ba2\u4fe1\u6761：\u82f1\u7075\u6bbf\u300b\u4e2d\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u573a\u666f\u5c31\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6e32\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> InstancedRenderer<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n struct<\/span> InstanceData<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT4X4 worldMatrix;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT4 color;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT2 uvOffset;<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> scale;<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> rotation;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    ID3D11Device*<\/span> device;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> deviceContext;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5b9e\u4f8b\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> instanceBuffer;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> dynamicInstanceBuffer;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u9876\u70b9\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> vertexBuffer;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> indexBuffer;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n ID3D11VertexShader*<\/span> instancedVS;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11PixelShader*<\/span> instancedPS;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11InputLayout*<\/span> instancedInputLayout;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> perFrameBuffer;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> perInstanceBuffer;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5b9e\u4f8b\u6570\u636e<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>InstanceData><\/span> instances;<\/span>
    \n UINT maxInstances;<\/span>
    \n UINT instanceStride;<\/span><\/p>\n

    public<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n InstancedRenderer<\/span>(<\/span>ID3D11Device*<\/span> dev,<\/span> ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> context)<\/span>
    \n :<\/span> device<\/span>(<\/span>dev)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> deviceContext<\/span>(<\/span>context)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> instanceBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> dynamicInstanceBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> vertexBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> indexBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> instancedVS<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> instancedPS<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> instancedInputLayout<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> perFrameBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> perInstanceBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> maxInstances<\/span>(<\/span>1000<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> instanceStride<\/span>(<\/span>sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>InstanceData)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> Initialize<\/span>(<\/span>UINT maxInstanceCount =<\/span> 1000<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n maxInstances =<\/span> maxInstanceCount;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n D3D11_BUFFER_DESC instanceBufferDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>instanceBufferDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>instanceBufferDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    instanceBufferDesc.<\/span>Usage =<\/span> D3D11_USAGE_DYNAMIC;<\/span>
    \n instanceBufferDesc.<\/span>ByteWidth =<\/span> maxInstances *<\/span> instanceStride;<\/span>
    \n instanceBufferDesc.<\/span>BindFlags =<\/span> D3D11_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER;<\/span>
    \n instanceBufferDesc.<\/span>CPUAccessFlags =<\/span> D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE;<\/span>
    \n instanceBufferDesc.<\/span>MiscFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n instanceBufferDesc.<\/span>StructureByteStride =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>instanceBufferDesc,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>instanceBuffer)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7f16\u8bd1\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>CompileInstancedShaders<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>CreateConstantBuffers<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> CompileInstancedShaders<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u4e13\u7528\u9876\u70b9\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> char<\/span>*<\/span> instancedVSCode =<\/span>
    \n "cbuffer PerFrameConstants : register(b0)\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4x4 viewProjMatrix;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 cameraPosition;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float time;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "};\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "struct VertexInput\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 position : POSITION;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 normal : NORMAL;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float2 texcoord : TEXCOORD0;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4 instanceColor : COLOR;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4x4 instanceWorld : WORLD;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float2 instanceUVOffset : TEXCOORD1;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "};\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "struct PixelInput\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4 position : SV_POSITION;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 worldPosition : POSITION;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float3 normal : NORMAL;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float2 texcoord : TEXCOORD0;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4 color : COLOR;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "};\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "PixelInput main(VertexInput input)\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "{\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " PixelInput output;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u53d8\u6362\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " float4 worldPos = mul(float4(input.position, 1.0f), input.instanceWorld);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u5e94\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\u6295\u5f71\u53d8\u6362\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " output.position = mul(worldPos, viewProjMatrix);\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \/\/ \u4f20\u9012\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " output.worldPosition = worldPos.xyz;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " output.normal = normalize(mul(input.normal, (float3x3)input.instanceWorld));\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " output.texcoord = input.texcoord + input.instanceUVOffset;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " output.color = input.instanceColor;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " \\\\n"<\/span>
    \n " return output;\\\\n"<\/span>
    \n "}"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7f16\u8bd1\u7740\u8272\u5668…<\/span>
    \n \/\/ （\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u6d01，\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee3\u7801，\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u7c7b\u4f3c）<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> UpdateInstances<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>InstanceData><\/span>&<\/span> newInstances)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n instances =<\/span> newInstances;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6570<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>instances.<\/span>size<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> ><\/span> maxInstances)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n instances.<\/span>resize<\/span>(<\/span>maxInstances)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>instances.<\/span>empty<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE mapped;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>Map<\/span>(<\/span>instanceBuffer,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> D3D11_MAP_WRITE_DISCARD,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>mapped)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    memcpy<\/span>(<\/span>mapped.<\/span>pData,<\/span> instances.<\/span>data<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> instances.<\/span>size<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> *<\/span> instanceStride)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    deviceContext-><\/span>Unmap<\/span>(<\/span>instanceBuffer,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> Render<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>instances.<\/span>empty<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9876\u70b9\u7f13\u51b2\u533a（\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f13\u51b2\u533a：\u51e0\u4f55\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6570\u636e）<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> buffers[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span> vertexBuffer,<\/span> instanceBuffer }<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n UINT strides[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>Vertex)<\/span>,<\/span> instanceStride }<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n UINT offsets[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span> }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    deviceContext-><\/span>IASetVertexBuffers<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> buffers,<\/span> strides,<\/span> offsets)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>IASetIndexBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>indexBuffer,<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R32_UINT,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8f93\u5165\u5e03\u5c40<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>IASetInputLayout<\/span>(<\/span>instancedInputLayout)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u56fe\u5143\u62d3\u6251<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>IASetPrimitiveTopology<\/span>(<\/span>D3D11_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7740\u8272\u5668<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>VSSetShader<\/span>(<\/span>instancedVS,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>PSSetShader<\/span>(<\/span>instancedPS,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7ed8\u5236\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u51e0\u4f55\u4f53<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5047\u8bbe\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u6570\u91cf\u4e3atriangleCount<\/span>
    \n UINT triangleCount =<\/span> 100<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u793a\u4f8b\u503c<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>DrawIndexedInstanced<\/span>(<\/span>triangleCount *<\/span> 3<\/span>,<\/span> instances.<\/span>size<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>instanceBuffer)<\/span> instanceBuffer-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>dynamicInstanceBuffer)<\/span> dynamicInstanceBuffer-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>vertexBuffer)<\/span> vertexBuffer-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>indexBuffer)<\/span> indexBuffer-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>instancedVS)<\/span> instancedVS-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>instancedPS)<\/span> instancedPS-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>instancedInputLayout)<\/span> instancedInputLayout-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>perFrameBuffer)<\/span> perFrameBuffer-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>perInstanceBuffer)<\/span> perInstanceBuffer-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    ~<\/span>InstancedRenderer<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    13.3.2 \u7ea7\u8054\u9634\u5f71\u6620\u5c04<\/h4>\n

    \u7ea7\u8054\u9634\u5f71\u6620\u5c04\u662f\u5927\u578b\u5f00\u653e\u4e16\u754c\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f，\u300a\u4e0a\u53e4\u5377\u8f745：\u5929\u9645\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5deb\u5e083\u300b\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u9634\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> CascadedShadowMap<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n struct<\/span> CascadeData<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT4X4 viewProjMatrix;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT4 splitDepth;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3 lightDirection;<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> padding;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    ID3D11Device*<\/span> device;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> deviceContext;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u9634\u5f71\u56fe\u7eb9\u7406\u548c\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Texture2D*<\/span> shadowMapArray;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DepthStencilView*<\/span> shadowDSV;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11ShaderResourceView*<\/span> shadowSRV;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u9634\u5f71\u56fe\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u7ea7\u8054\u6570\u91cf<\/span>
    \n UINT shadowMapSize;<\/span>
    \n UINT cascadeCount;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u89c6\u9525\u5206\u5272\u8ddd\u79bb<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>float<\/span>><\/span> cascadeSplits;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> cascadeBuffer;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u89c6\u53e3\u6570\u7ec4<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>D3D11_VIEWPORT><\/span> cascadeViewports;<\/span><\/p>\n

    public<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n CascadedShadowMap<\/span>(<\/span>ID3D11Device*<\/span> dev,<\/span> ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> context)<\/span>
    \n :<\/span> device<\/span>(<\/span>dev)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> deviceContext<\/span>(<\/span>context)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> shadowMapArray<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> shadowDSV<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> shadowSRV<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> shadowMapSize<\/span>(<\/span>2048<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> cascadeCount<\/span>(<\/span>4<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> cascadeBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ea7\u8054\u5206\u5272（\u57fa\u4e8e\u5230\u6444\u50cf\u673a\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb）<\/span>
    \n cascadeSplits =<\/span> {<\/span> 0.05f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.15f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.50f<\/span>,<\/span> 1.0f<\/span> }<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> Initialize<\/span>(<\/span>UINT size =<\/span> 2048<\/span>,<\/span> UINT cascades =<\/span> 4<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n shadowMapSize =<\/span> size;<\/span>
    \n cascadeCount =<\/span> cascades;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u9634\u5f71\u56fe\u6570\u7ec4\u7eb9\u7406<\/span>
    \n D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC shadowMapDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>shadowMapDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>shadowMapDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    shadowMapDesc.<\/span>Width =<\/span> shadowMapSize;<\/span>
    \n shadowMapDesc.<\/span>Height =<\/span> shadowMapSize;<\/span>
    \n shadowMapDesc.<\/span>MipLevels =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n shadowMapDesc.<\/span>ArraySize =<\/span> cascadeCount;<\/span> \/\/ \u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ea7\u8054\u4e00\u5c42<\/span>
    \n shadowMapDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R32_TYPELESS;<\/span> \/\/ \u7528\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u548c\u7740\u8272\u5668\u91c7\u6837<\/span>
    \n shadowMapDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Count =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n shadowMapDesc.<\/span>SampleDesc.<\/span>Quality =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n shadowMapDesc.<\/span>Usage =<\/span> D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;<\/span>
    \n shadowMapDesc.<\/span>BindFlags =<\/span> D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL |<\/span> D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE;<\/span>
    \n shadowMapDesc.<\/span>CPUAccessFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n shadowMapDesc.<\/span>MiscFlags =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateTexture2D<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>shadowMapDesc,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>shadowMapArray)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
    \n D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_VIEW_DESC dsvDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>dsvDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>dsvDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    dsvDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_D32_FLOAT;<\/span>
    \n dsvDesc.<\/span>ViewDimension =<\/span> D3D11_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2DARRAY;<\/span>
    \n dsvDesc.<\/span>Texture2DArray.<\/span>MipSlice =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n dsvDesc.<\/span>Texture2DArray.<\/span>FirstArraySlice =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n dsvDesc.<\/span>Texture2DArray.<\/span>ArraySize =<\/span> cascadeCount;<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateDepthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>shadowMapArray,<\/span> &<\/span>dsvDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>shadowDSV)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7740\u8272\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
    \n D3D11_SHADER_RESOURCE_VIEW_DESC srvDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>srvDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>srvDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    srvDesc.<\/span>Format =<\/span> DXGI_FORMAT_R32_FLOAT;<\/span>
    \n srvDesc.<\/span>ViewDimension =<\/span> D3D11_SRV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2DARRAY;<\/span>
    \n srvDesc.<\/span>Texture2DArray.<\/span>MostDetailedMip =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n srvDesc.<\/span>Texture2DArray.<\/span>MipLevels =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n srvDesc.<\/span>Texture2DArray.<\/span>FirstArraySlice =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n srvDesc.<\/span>Texture2DArray.<\/span>ArraySize =<\/span> cascadeCount;<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateShaderResourceView<\/span>(<\/span>shadowMapArray,<\/span> &<\/span>srvDesc,<\/span> &<\/span>shadowSRV)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>FAILED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ea7\u8054\u521b\u5efa\u89c6\u53e3<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>UINT i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> cascadeCount;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n D3D11_VIEWPORT viewport;<\/span>
    \n viewport.<\/span>TopLeftX =<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n viewport.<\/span>TopLeftY =<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n viewport.<\/span>Width =<\/span> static_cast<\/span><<\/span>float<\/span>><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>shadowMapSize)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n viewport.<\/span>Height =<\/span> static_cast<\/span><<\/span>float<\/span>><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>shadowMapSize)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n viewport.<\/span>MinDepth =<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n viewport.<\/span>MaxDepth =<\/span> 1.0f<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    cascadeViewports.<\/span>push_back<\/span>(<\/span>viewport)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n D3D11_BUFFER_DESC bufferDesc;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>bufferDesc,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>bufferDesc)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    bufferDesc.<\/span>Usage =<\/span> D3D11_USAGE_DYNAMIC;<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>ByteWidth =<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>CascadeData)<\/span> *<\/span> cascadeCount;<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>BindFlags =<\/span> D3D11_BIND_CONSTANT_BUFFER;<\/span>
    \n bufferDesc.<\/span>CPUAccessFlags =<\/span> D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE;<\/span><\/p>\n

    result =<\/span> device-><\/span>CreateBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>bufferDesc,<\/span> NULL<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>cascadeBuffer)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> BeginShadowPass<\/span>(<\/span>UINT cascadeIndex)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>cascadeIndex >=<\/span> cascadeCount)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f53\u524d\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u76ee\u6807<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>RSSetViewports<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>cascadeViewports[<\/span>cascadeIndex]<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6e05\u9664\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>ClearDepthStencilView<\/span>(<\/span>shadowDSV,<\/span> D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH,<\/span> 1.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u9634\u5f71\u56fe\u4e3a\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>OMSetRenderTargets<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> shadowDSV)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> CalculateCascadeMatrices<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT3&<\/span> cameraPosition,<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT3&<\/span> cameraDirection,<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT3&<\/span> lightDirection,<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> cameraNear,<\/span> float<\/span> cameraFar,<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> cameraFOV,<\/span> float<\/span> aspectRatio)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u6295\u5f71\u77e9\u9635<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>CascadeData><\/span> cascadeData<\/span>(<\/span>cascadeCount)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    for<\/span> (<\/span>UINT i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> cascadeCount;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> splitNear =<\/span> (<\/span>i ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> ?<\/span> cameraNear :<\/span> cascadeSplits[<\/span>i–<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span> *<\/span> cameraFar;<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> splitFar =<\/span> cascadeSplits[<\/span>i]<\/span> *<\/span> cameraFar;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u89c6\u9525<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT4X4 cascadeViewProj =<\/span> CalculateCascadeViewProj<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n cameraPosition,<\/span> cameraDirection,<\/span> lightDirection,<\/span>
    \n splitNear,<\/span> splitFar,<\/span> cameraFOV,<\/span> aspectRatio)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    cascadeData[<\/span>i]<\/span>.<\/span>viewProjMatrix =<\/span> cascadeViewProj;<\/span>
    \n cascadeData[<\/span>i]<\/span>.<\/span>splitDepth =<\/span> XMFLOAT4<\/span>(<\/span>splitNear,<\/span> splitFar,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n cascadeData[<\/span>i]<\/span>.<\/span>lightDirection =<\/span> lightDirection;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u5e38\u91cf\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>
    \n D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE mapped;<\/span>
    \n deviceContext-><\/span>Map<\/span>(<\/span>cascadeBuffer,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> D3D11_MAP_WRITE_DISCARD,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>mapped)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    memcpy<\/span>(<\/span>mapped.<\/span>pData,<\/span> cascadeData.<\/span>data<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>CascadeData)<\/span> *<\/span> cascadeCount)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    deviceContext-><\/span>Unmap<\/span>(<\/span>cascadeBuffer,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    XMFLOAT4X4 CalculateCascadeViewProj<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT3&<\/span> cameraPos,<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT3&<\/span> cameraDir,<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT3&<\/span> lightDir,<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> nearPlane,<\/span> float<\/span> farPlane,<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> fov,<\/span> float<\/span> aspect)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u6444\u50cf\u673a\u89c6\u9525\u7684\u89d2\u70b9<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>XMFLOAT3><\/span> frustumCorners =<\/span> CalculateFrustumCorners<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n cameraPos,<\/span> cameraDir,<\/span> nearPlane,<\/span> farPlane,<\/span> fov,<\/span> aspect)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u5305\u56f4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70b9\u7684AABB<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3 minBounds =<\/span> frustumCorners[<\/span>0<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3 maxBounds =<\/span> frustumCorners[<\/span>0<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    for<\/span> (<\/span>const<\/span> auto<\/span>&<\/span> corner :<\/span> frustumCorners)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n minBounds.<\/span>x =<\/span> min<\/span>(<\/span>minBounds.<\/span>x,<\/span> corner.<\/span>x)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n minBounds.<\/span>y =<\/span> min<\/span>(<\/span>minBounds.<\/span>y,<\/span> corner.<\/span>y)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n minBounds.<\/span>z =<\/span> min<\/span>(<\/span>minBounds.<\/span>z,<\/span> corner.<\/span>z)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    maxBounds.<\/span>x =<\/span> max<\/span>(<\/span>maxBounds.<\/span>x,<\/span> corner.<\/span>x)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n maxBounds.<\/span>y =<\/span> max<\/span>(<\/span>maxBounds.<\/span>y,<\/span> corner.<\/span>y)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n maxBounds.<\/span>z =<\/span> max<\/span>(<\/span>maxBounds.<\/span>z,<\/span> corner.<\/span>z)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u4ece\u5149\u6e90\u65b9\u5411\u521b\u5efa\u89c6\u56fe\u77e9\u9635<\/span>
    \n XMVECTOR lightPos =<\/span> XMVectorSet<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n (<\/span>minBounds.<\/span>x +<\/span> maxBounds.<\/span>x)<\/span> *<\/span> 0.5f<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n (<\/span>minBounds.<\/span>y +<\/span> maxBounds.<\/span>y)<\/span> *<\/span> 0.5f<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n (<\/span>minBounds.<\/span>z +<\/span> maxBounds.<\/span>z)<\/span> *<\/span> 0.5f<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n 1.0f<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    XMVECTOR lightTarget =<\/span> XMVectorAdd<\/span>(<\/span>lightPos,<\/span> XMLoadFloat3<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>lightDir)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n XMVECTOR lightUp =<\/span> XMVectorSet<\/span>(<\/span>0.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 1.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    XMMATRIX lightView =<\/span> XMMatrixLookAtLH<\/span>(<\/span>lightPos,<\/span> lightTarget,<\/span> lightUp)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u6b63\u4ea4\u6295\u5f71\u77e9\u9635<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3 aabbMin,<\/span> aabbMax;<\/span>
    \n TransformAABB<\/span>(<\/span>minBounds,<\/span> maxBounds,<\/span> lightView,<\/span> aabbMin,<\/span> aabbMax)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    XMMATRIX lightProj =<\/span> XMMatrixOrthographicOffCenterLH<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n aabbMin.<\/span>x,<\/span> aabbMax.<\/span>x,<\/span>
    \n aabbMin.<\/span>y,<\/span> aabbMax.<\/span>y,<\/span>
    \n aabbMin.<\/span>z,<\/span> aabbMax.<\/span>z)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7ec4\u5408\u89c6\u56fe\u6295\u5f71\u77e9\u9635<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT4X4 result;<\/span>
    \n XMStoreFloat4x4<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>result,<\/span> XMMatrixMultiply<\/span>(<\/span>lightView,<\/span> lightProj)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> result;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>XMFLOAT3><\/span> CalculateFrustumCorners<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT3&<\/span> cameraPos,<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT3&<\/span> cameraDir,<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> nearPlane,<\/span> float<\/span> farPlane,<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> fov,<\/span> float<\/span> aspect)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>XMFLOAT3><\/span> corners<\/span>(<\/span>8<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u8fd1\u5e73\u9762\u548c\u8fdc\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u534a\u9ad8\u548c\u534a\u5bbd<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> nearHalfHeight =<\/span> nearPlane *<\/span> tan<\/span>(<\/span>fov *<\/span> 0.5f<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> nearHalfWidth =<\/span> nearHalfHeight *<\/span> aspect;<\/span><\/p>\n

    float<\/span> farHalfHeight =<\/span> farPlane *<\/span> tan<\/span>(<\/span>fov *<\/span> 0.5f<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n float<\/span> farHalfWidth =<\/span> farHalfHeight *<\/span> aspect;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u6444\u50cf\u673a\u7684\u53f3\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u4e0a\u5411\u91cf<\/span>
    \n XMVECTOR cameraRight =<\/span> XMVectorSet<\/span>(<\/span>1.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u7b80\u5316：\u5047\u8bbeX\u8f74\u4e3a\u53f3<\/span>
    \n XMVECTOR cameraUp =<\/span> XMVectorSet<\/span>(<\/span>0.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 1.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>,<\/span> 0.0f<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ Y\u8f74\u4e3a\u4e0a<\/span><\/p>\n

    XMVECTOR cameraForward =<\/span> XMLoadFloat3<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>cameraDir)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u89d2\u70b9<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8fd1\u5e73\u9762<\/span>
    \n corners[<\/span>0<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> cameraPos +<\/span> cameraForward *<\/span> nearPlane –<\/span> cameraRight *<\/span> nearHalfWidth –<\/span> cameraUp *<\/span> nearHalfHeight;<\/span>
    \n corners[<\/span>1<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> cameraPos +<\/span> cameraForward *<\/span> nearPlane +<\/span> cameraRight *<\/span> nearHalfWidth –<\/span> cameraUp *<\/span> nearHalfHeight;<\/span>
    \n corners[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> cameraPos +<\/span> cameraForward *<\/span> nearPlane +<\/span> cameraRight *<\/span> nearHalfWidth +<\/span> cameraUp *<\/span> nearHalfHeight;<\/span>
    \n corners[<\/span>3<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> cameraPos +<\/span> cameraForward *<\/span> nearPlane –<\/span> cameraRight *<\/span> nearHalfWidth +<\/span> cameraUp *<\/span> nearHalfHeight;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8fdc\u5e73\u9762<\/span>
    \n corners[<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> cameraPos +<\/span> cameraForward *<\/span> farPlane –<\/span> cameraRight *<\/span> farHalfWidth –<\/span> cameraUp *<\/span> farHalfHeight;<\/span>
    \n corners[<\/span>5<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> cameraPos +<\/span> cameraForward *<\/span> farPlane +<\/span> cameraRight *<\/span> farHalfWidth –<\/span> cameraUp *<\/span> farHalfHeight;<\/span>
    \n corners[<\/span>6<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> cameraPos +<\/span> cameraForward *<\/span> farPlane +<\/span> cameraRight *<\/span> farHalfWidth +<\/span> cameraUp *<\/span> farHalfHeight;<\/span>
    \n corners[<\/span>7<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> cameraPos +<\/span> cameraForward *<\/span> farPlane –<\/span> cameraRight *<\/span> farHalfWidth +<\/span> cameraUp *<\/span> farHalfHeight;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> corners;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> TransformAABB<\/span>(<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT3&<\/span> minPt,<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMFLOAT3&<\/span> maxPt,<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> XMMATRIX&<\/span> transform,<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3&<\/span> outMin,<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3&<\/span> outMax)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u53d8\u6362AABB\u7684\u6240\u6709\u89d2\u70b9<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3 corners[<\/span>8<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n minPt,<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3<\/span>(<\/span>maxPt.<\/span>x,<\/span> minPt.<\/span>y,<\/span> minPt.<\/span>z)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3<\/span>(<\/span>minPt.<\/span>x,<\/span> maxPt.<\/span>y,<\/span> minPt.<\/span>z)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3<\/span>(<\/span>maxPt.<\/span>x,<\/span> maxPt.<\/span>y,<\/span> minPt.<\/span>z)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3<\/span>(<\/span>minPt.<\/span>x,<\/span> minPt.<\/span>y,<\/span> maxPt.<\/span>z)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3<\/span>(<\/span>maxPt.<\/span>x,<\/span> minPt.<\/span>y,<\/span> maxPt.<\/span>z)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n XMFLOAT3<\/span>(<\/span>minPt.<\/span>x,<\/span> maxPt.<\/span>y,<\/span> maxPt.<\/span>z)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n maxPt
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u8fb9\u754c<\/span>
    \n XMVECTOR vMin =<\/span> XMVectorSet<\/span>(<\/span>FLT_MAX,<\/span> FLT_MAX,<\/span> FLT_MAX,<\/span> FLT_MAX)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n XMVECTOR vMax =<\/span> XMVectorSet<\/span>(<\/span>–<\/span>FLT_MAX,<\/span> –<\/span>FLT_MAX,<\/span> –<\/span>FLT_MAX,<\/span> –<\/span>FLT_MAX)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u53d8\u6362\u6240\u6709\u70b9\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u8fb9\u754c<\/span>
    \n for<\/span> (<\/span>int<\/span> i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> 8<\/span>;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n XMVECTOR corner =<\/span> XMLoadFloat3<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>corners[<\/span>i]<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n corner =<\/span> XMVector3Transform<\/span>(<\/span>corner,<\/span> transform)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    vMin =<\/span> XMVectorMin<\/span>(<\/span>vMin,<\/span> corner)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n vMax =<\/span> XMVectorMax<\/span>(<\/span>vMax,<\/span> corner)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    XMStoreFloat3<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>outMin,<\/span> vMin)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n XMStoreFloat3<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>outMax,<\/span> vMax)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>shadowSRV)<\/span> shadowSRV-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>shadowDSV)<\/span> shadowDSV-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>shadowMapArray)<\/span> shadowMapArray-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>cascadeBuffer)<\/span> cascadeBuffer-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    ID3D11ShaderResourceView*<\/span> GetShadowSRV<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> shadowSRV;<\/span> }<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Buffer*<\/span> GetCascadeBuffer<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> cascadeBuffer;<\/span> }<\/span>
    \n UINT GetCascadeCount<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> const<\/span> {<\/span> return<\/span> cascadeCount;<\/span> }<\/span><\/p>\n

    ~<\/span>CascadedShadowMap<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    13.4 \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u8c03\u8bd5<\/h3>\n

    13.4.1 Direct3D\u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7<\/h4>\n

    \u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，\u8c03\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f62\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> Direct3DDebugHelper<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Device*<\/span> device;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> deviceContext;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8c03\u8bd5\u63a5\u53e3<\/span>
    \n ID3D11Debug*<\/span> d3dDebug;<\/span>
    \n ID3D11InfoQueue*<\/span> infoQueue;<\/span><\/p>\n

    public<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n Direct3DDebugHelper<\/span>(<\/span>ID3D11Device*<\/span> dev,<\/span> ID3D11DeviceContext*<\/span> context)<\/span>
    \n :<\/span> device<\/span>(<\/span>dev)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> deviceContext<\/span>(<\/span>context)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> d3dDebug<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n ,<\/span> infoQueue<\/span>(<\/span>nullptr<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    bool<\/span> InitializeDebugLayer<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n HRESULT result =<\/span> device-><\/span>QueryInterface<\/span>(<\/span>__uuidof<\/span>(<\/span>ID3D11Debug)<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>void<\/span>*<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span>&<\/span>d3dDebug)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n result =<\/span> device-><\/span>QueryInterface<\/span>(<\/span>__uuidof<\/span>(<\/span>ID3D11InfoQueue)<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>void<\/span>*<\/span>*<\/span>)<\/span>&<\/span>infoQueue)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>SUCCEEDED<\/span>(<\/span>result)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u961f\u5217\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668<\/span>
    \n D3D11_INFO_QUEUE_FILTER filter;<\/span>
    \n ZeroMemory<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>filter,<\/span> sizeof<\/span>(<\/span>filter)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u6d88\u606f\u7c7b\u578b<\/span>
    \n D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY severities[<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_CORRUPTION,<\/span>
    \n D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_ERROR,<\/span>
    \n D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_WARNING,<\/span>
    \n D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_INFO,<\/span>
    \n D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_MESSAGE
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    filter.<\/span>AllowList.<\/span>NumSeverities =<\/span> ARRAYSIZE<\/span>(<\/span>severities)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n filter.<\/span>AllowList.<\/span>pSeverityList =<\/span> severities;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b58\u50a8\u9650\u5236<\/span>
    \n infoQueue-><\/span>SetStorageFilterStackIndex<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n infoQueue-><\/span>AddStorageFilterEntries<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>filter)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570<\/span>
    \n infoQueue-><\/span>SetMessageCountLimit<\/span>(<\/span>1000<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> CheckForLiveObjects<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>d3dDebug)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>L"=== \u68c0\u67e5Direct3D\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61 ===\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n d3dDebug-><\/span>ReportLiveDeviceObjects<\/span>(<\/span>D3D11_RLDO_DETAIL |<\/span> D3D11_RLDO_IGNORE_INTERNAL)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>L"=== \u68c0\u67e5\u5b8c\u6210 ===\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> PrintMessages<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>!<\/span>infoQueue)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    UINT64 messageCount =<\/span> infoQueue-><\/span>GetNumStoredMessages<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    for<\/span> (<\/span>UINT64 i =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i <<\/span> messageCount;<\/span> ++<\/span>i)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n SIZE_T messageSize =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n infoQueue-><\/span>GetMessage<\/span>(<\/span>i,<\/span> nullptr<\/span>,<\/span> &<\/span>messageSize)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    D3D11_MESSAGE*<\/span> message =<\/span> (<\/span>D3D11_MESSAGE*<\/span>)<\/span>malloc<\/span>(<\/span>messageSize)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n infoQueue-><\/span>GetMessage<\/span>(<\/span>i,<\/span> message,<\/span> &<\/span>messageSize)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6839\u636e\u4e25\u91cd\u7ea7\u522b\u8f93\u51fa\u6d88\u606f<\/span>
    \n switch<\/span> (<\/span>message-><\/span>Severity)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n case<\/span> D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_CORRUPTION:<\/span>
    \n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>L"[CORRUPTION] "<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n case<\/span> D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_ERROR:<\/span>
    \n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>L"[ERROR] "<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n case<\/span> D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_WARNING:<\/span>
    \n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>L"[WARNING] "<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n case<\/span> D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_INFO:<\/span>
    \n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>L"[INFO] "<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n case<\/span> D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_MESSAGE:<\/span>
    \n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>L"[MESSAGE] "<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n break<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    OutputDebugStringA<\/span>(<\/span>message-><\/span>pDescription)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>L"\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    free<\/span>(<\/span>message)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6e05\u7a7a\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<\/span>
    \n infoQueue-><\/span>ClearStoredMessages<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> BeginEvent<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> std::<\/span>wstring&<\/span> eventName)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5728GPU\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\u4e2d\u6807\u8bb0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f00\u59cb<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u6ce8\u610f：\u8fd9\u9700\u8981Windows 8\u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c<\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1<\/span>
    \n #<\/span>ifdef<\/span> _DEBUG<\/span><\/span>
    \n \/\/ deviceContext->BeginEvent(eventName.c_str());<\/span>
    \n #<\/span>endif<\/span><\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> EndEvent<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n #<\/span>ifdef<\/span> _DEBUG<\/span><\/span>
    \n \/\/ deviceContext->EndEvent();<\/span>
    \n #<\/span>endif<\/span><\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> SetMarker<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> std::<\/span>wstring&<\/span> markerName)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n #<\/span>ifdef<\/span> _DEBUG<\/span><\/span>
    \n \/\/ deviceContext->SetMarker(markerName.c_str());<\/span>
    \n #<\/span>endif<\/span><\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>infoQueue)<\/span> infoQueue-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>d3dDebug)<\/span> d3dDebug-><\/span>Release<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    ~<\/span>Direct3DDebugHelper<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n Cleanup<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    13.4.2 \u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n

    \u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u6e38\u620f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5668：<\/p>\n

    class<\/span> PerformanceProfiler<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \nprivate<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n struct<\/span> ProfileSample<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>string name;<\/span>
    \n LARGE_INTEGER startTime;<\/span>
    \n LARGE_INTEGER endTime;<\/span>
    \n double<\/span> duration;<\/span>
    \n UINT callCount;<\/span>
    \n double<\/span> totalTime;<\/span>
    \n double<\/span> minTime;<\/span>
    \n double<\/span> maxTime;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    LARGE_INTEGER frequency;<\/span>
    \n std::<\/span>map<<\/span>std::<\/span>string,<\/span> ProfileSample><\/span> samples;<\/span><\/p>\n

    public<\/span>:<\/span>
    \n PerformanceProfiler<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n QueryPerformanceFrequency<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>frequency)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> BeginSample<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> std::<\/span>string&<\/span> sampleName)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n ProfileSample&<\/span> sample =<\/span> samples[<\/span>sampleName]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>name =<\/span> sampleName;<\/span>
    \n QueryPerformanceCounter<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>sample.<\/span>startTime)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> EndSample<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> std::<\/span>string&<\/span> sampleName)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n auto<\/span> it =<\/span> samples.<\/span>find<\/span>(<\/span>sampleName)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>it ==<\/span> samples.<\/span>end<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    ProfileSample&<\/span> sample =<\/span> it-><\/span>second;<\/span>
    \n QueryPerformanceCounter<\/span>(<\/span>&<\/span>sample.<\/span>endTime)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4（\u6beb\u79d2）<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>duration =<\/span> static_cast<\/span><<\/span>double<\/span>><\/span><\/span><\/span>(<\/span>sample.<\/span>endTime.<\/span>QuadPart –<\/span> sample.<\/span>startTime.<\/span>QuadPart)<\/span> *<\/span> 1000.0<\/span> \/<\/span> frequency.<\/span>QuadPart;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>callCount++<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>totalTime +=<\/span> sample.<\/span>duration;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>sample.<\/span>callCount ==<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>minTime =<\/span> sample.<\/span>duration;<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>maxTime =<\/span> sample.<\/span>duration;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n else<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>minTime =<\/span> min<\/span>(<\/span>sample.<\/span>minTime,<\/span> sample.<\/span>duration)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>maxTime =<\/span> max<\/span>(<\/span>sample.<\/span>maxTime,<\/span> sample.<\/span>duration)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    void<\/span> PrintResults<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>L"=== \u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c ===\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    for<\/span> (<\/span>const<\/span> auto<\/span>&<\/span> pair :<\/span> samples)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n const<\/span> ProfileSample&<\/span> sample =<\/span> pair.<\/span>second;<\/span><\/p>\n

    double<\/span> avgTime =<\/span> sample.<\/span>totalTime \/<\/span> sample.<\/span>callCount;<\/span><\/p>\n

    wchar_t<\/span> buffer[<\/span>512<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n swprintf_s<\/span>(<\/span>buffer,<\/span> L"%S: \u8c03\u7528\u6b21\u6570=%u, \u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4=%.3fms, \u6700\u5c0f\u65f6\u95f4=%.3fms, \u6700\u5927\u65f6\u95f4=%.3fms, \u603b\u65f6\u95f4=%.3fms\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>name.<\/span>c_str<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>callCount,<\/span>
    \n avgTime,<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>minTime,<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>maxTime,<\/span>
    \n sample.<\/span>totalTime)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>buffer)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    OutputDebugString<\/span>(<\/span>L"=== \u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u675f ===\\\\n"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u91cd\u7f6e\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
    \n samples.<\/span>clear<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span><\/p>\n

    double<\/span> GetSampleDuration<\/span>(<\/span>const<\/span> std::<\/span>string&<\/span> sampleName)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n auto<\/span> it =<\/span> samples.<\/span>find<\/span>(<\/span>sampleName)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>it !=<\/span> samples.<\/span>end<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n {<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> it-><\/span>second.<\/span>duration;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 0.0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    13.5 \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

    \u672c\u7ae0\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762，\u4ece\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u5230\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6e32\u67d3\u6280\u672f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86：<\/p>\n

  • \u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406：\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u5065\u58ee\u7684Direct3D\u8bbe\u5907，\u5904\u7406\u591a\u79cd\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n
  • \u4ea4\u6362\u94fe\u914d\u7f6e：\u5168\u5c4f\u3001\u7a97\u53e3\u3001\u65e0\u8fb9\u6846\u7a97\u53e3\u7b49\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f<\/li>\n
  • \u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u677f\u7ba1\u7406：\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6df1\u5ea6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u6a21\u677f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6280\u672f<\/li>\n
  • \u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf：\u524d\u5411\u6e32\u67d3\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6e32\u67d3\u7b49\u73b0\u4ee3\u6e32\u67d3\u67b6\u6784<\/li>\n
  • \u9ad8\u7ea7\u6280\u672f：\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6e32\u67d3\u3001\u7ea7\u8054\u9634\u5f71\u6620\u5c04<\/li>\n
  • \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316：\u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790<\/li>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u662f\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u300a\u8d5b\u535a\u670b\u514b2077\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8352\u91ce\u5927\u9556\u5ba22\u300b\u7b49AAA\u6e38\u620f\u90fd\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5，\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684Windows\u6e38\u620f\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8bb0\u4f4f，\u56fe\u5f62\u7f16\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002DirectX 12\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684API\u63a7\u5236，Vulkan\u4e5f\u5728\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u9886\u57df\u5360\u636e\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4f46\u65e0\u8bbaAPI\u5982\u4f55\u53d8\u5316，\u672c\u7ae0\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u2014\u2014\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u5c06\u662f\u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u77f3\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u4e3b\u9898，\u5305\u62ec\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7740\u8272\u5668\u6280\u672f\u3001\u51e0\u4f55\u7740\u8272\u5668\u3001\u66f2\u9762\u7ec6\u5206\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7740\u8272\u5668\u3002\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60，\u4f60\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u771f\u6b63\u7684Windows\u6e38\u620f\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e13\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf
    \n13.1 Direct3D\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u5b9e\u8df5
    \n13.1.1 Direct3D\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u827a\u672f
    \n\u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，Direct3D\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u6b65\u9aa4，\u66f4\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u827a\u672f\u3002\u4ee5\u300a\u5deb\u5e083：\u72c2\u730e\u300b\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u8fd9\u6b3e\u6e38\u620f\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u4eceDirectX 9\u5230DirectX 11\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e，\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u903b\u8f91\u5fc5\u987b\u8db3\u591f\u5065\u58ee\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u3002
    \nWindows\u6e38<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2477,217,149,270,269,248],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-68679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-3d","tag-stm32","tag-windows","tag-270","tag-269","tag-248"],"yoast_head":"\n\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf 13.1 Direct3D\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u5b9e\u8df5 13.1.1 Direct3D\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u827a\u672f \u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，Direct3D\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u6b65\u9aa4，\u66f4\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u827a\u672f\u3002\u4ee5\u300a\u5deb\u5e083：\u72c2\u730e\u300b\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u8fd9\u6b3e\u6e38\u620f\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u4eceDirectX 9\u5230DirectX 11\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e，\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u903b\u8f91\u5fc5\u987b\u8db3\u591f\u5065\u58ee\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u3002 Windows\u6e38\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-01-30T05:24:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"34 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html\",\"name\":\"\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-30T05:24:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-30T05:24:57+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9875\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/\",\"name\":\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\",\"description\":\"\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668_\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u8baf_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6559\u7a0b\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/wp.wsisp.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/author\/admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","og_description":"\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf 13.1 Direct3D\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u5b9e\u8df5 13.1.1 Direct3D\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u827a\u672f \u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，Direct3D\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u6b65\u9aa4，\u66f4\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u827a\u672f\u3002\u4ee5\u300a\u5deb\u5e083：\u72c2\u730e\u300b\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u8fd9\u6b3e\u6e38\u620f\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u4eceDirectX 9\u5230DirectX 11\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e，\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u903b\u8f91\u5fc5\u987b\u8db3\u591f\u5065\u58ee\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u3002 Windows\u6e38","og_url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html","og_site_name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","article_published_time":"2026-01-30T05:24:57+00:00","author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u4f5c\u8005":"admin","\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4":"34 \u5206"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html","name":"\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-01-30T05:24:57+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-30T05:24:57+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68679.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u7b2c13\u7ae0 Direct3D\u6838\u5fc3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7cbe\u8981\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5230\u6e32\u67d3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/","name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","description":"\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668_\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u8baf_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6559\u7a0b","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","contentUrl":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/wp.wsisp.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/author\/admin"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68679","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68679"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68679\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68679"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68679"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68679"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=68679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}