{"id":68678,"date":"2026-01-30T12:57:21","date_gmt":"2026-01-30T04:57:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68678.html"},"modified":"2026-01-30T12:57:21","modified_gmt":"2026-01-30T04:57:21","slug":"linux_%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e9%97%b4%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/68678.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux_\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u672c\u8282\u91cd\u70b9： <\/span><\/h2>\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u4ecb\u7ecd <\/span><\/p>\n

\u7ba1\u9053 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/span><\/h2>\n

1.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u76ee\u7684<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93：\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5b83\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b <\/span><\/p>\n

\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab：\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u77e5\u4e8b\u4ef6：\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f，\u901a\u77e5\u5b83（\u5b83\u4eec）\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u4e8b\u4ef6（\u5982\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6\u8981\u901a\u77e5\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b）\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236：\u6709\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e0c\u671b\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c（\u5982<\/span>
\n Debug<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u7a0b），\u6b64\u65f6\u63a7\u5236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u62e6\u622a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9677\u5165\u548c\u5f02\u5e38，\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u53ca\u65f6\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u53d1\u5c55<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u7ba1\u9053 <\/span><\/p>\n

System V<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1 <\/span><\/p>\n

POSIX<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u5206\u7c7b<\/h3>\n

(1)\u7ba1\u9053<\/span><\/h4>\n

\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/span>
\n pipe <\/span><\/p>\n

\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/span><\/p>\n

4.System V IPC<\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/h4>\n

System V <\/span>\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217 <\/span><\/p>\n

System V <\/span>
\n \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/span><\/p>\n

System V <\/span>
\n \u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf<\/span><\/p>\n

5.POSIX IPC<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf <\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e92\u65a5\u91cf <\/span><\/p>\n

\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf <\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bfb\u5199\u9501<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8c.\u7ba1\u9053<\/span><\/h2>\n

1.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7ba1\u9053<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u7ba1\u9053\u662f<\/span>
\n Unix<\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>
\n \u201c<\/span>
\n \u7ba1\u9053<\/span>
\n \u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u662f Linux \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（Anonymous Pipe） \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406，\u4ee5\u547d\u4ee4 who | wc -l \u4e3a\u4f8b，\u76f4\u89c2\u5448\u73b0\u4e86\u7ba1\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n

  • \n

    \u7ba1\u9053\u521b\u5efa\u5f53\u6267\u884c who | wc -l \u65f6，Shell \u4f1a\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053，\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u7aef\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5199\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u8054<\/p>\n

      \n
    • who \u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5b83\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa（stdout）\u88ab\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5199\u7aef，\u4e0d\u518d\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n
    • wc -l \u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5b83\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165（stdin）\u88ab\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8bfb\u7aef，\u4e0d\u518d\u4ece\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • \n

      \u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012<\/p>\n

        \n
      • who \u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u540e，\u4f1a\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n
      • wc -l \u547d\u4ee4\u4ece\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e，\u5e76\u7edf\u8ba1\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u884c\u6570，\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n

        \u5173\u952e\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u901a\u4fe1：\u6570\u636e\u53ea\u80fd\u5355\u5411\u6d41\u52a8（\u4ece who \u5230 wc -l）\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u5185\u6838\u7f13\u51b2\u533a：\u7ba1\u9053\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u6570\u636e\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8，\u65e0\u9700\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed1\u5b9a：\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u4ec5\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5b83\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u6709\u6548，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u7ba1\u9053\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u81ea\u52a8\u540c\u6b65：\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165，\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6，\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          2.\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/span><\/h3>\n

          #include <unistd.h>
          \n\u529f\u80fd:\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u65e0\u540d\u7ba1\u9053
          \n\u539f\u578b
          \nint pipe(int fd[2]);
          \n\u53c2\u6570
          \nfd：\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4,\u5176\u4e2dfd[0]\u8868\u793a\u8bfb\u7aef, fd[1]\u8868\u793a\u5199\u7aef
          \n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c:\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0，\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801 <\/p>\n

          \u5173\u4e8epipe\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3：<\/p>\n

          1. \u51fd\u6570\u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n

          pipe() \u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528，\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（\u65e0\u540d\u7ba1\u9053），\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u5982\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b）\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5355\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u6838\u5fc3\u4fe1\u606f\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/td>\nint pipe(int pipefd[2]);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u6240\u9700\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\nC：<unistd.h>；C++：<unistd.h>（\u517c\u5bb9）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u51fd\u6570\u5f52\u5c5e<\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528（\u5185\u6838\u6001\u64cd\u4f5c），\u5c5e\u4e8e POSIX \u6807\u51c6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053，\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26：\u8bfb\u7aef\u548c\u5199\u7aef，\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u7236\u5b50\u3001\u5144\u5f1f\u8fdb\u7a0b），\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u65e0\u5173\u8054\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          2. \u53c2\u6570\u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n

          pipe() \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 2 \u7684\u6574\u578b\u6570\u7ec4 pipefd，\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26：<\/p>\n\n\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807\u542b\u4e49\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
          pipefd[0]<\/td>\n\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8bfb\u7aef<\/td>\n\u53ea\u80fd\u7528 read() \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e，\u4e0d\u80fd\u5199<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          pipefd[1]<\/td>\n\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5199\u7aef<\/td>\n\u53ea\u80fd\u7528 write() \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e，\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bfb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
          \u5173\u952e\u89c4\u5219：<\/h5>\n
            \n
          • \u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u7684：\u6570\u636e\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u5199\u7aef（pipefd[1]）\u5199\u5165，\u4ece\u8bfb\u7aef（pipefd[0]）\u8bfb\u51fa，\u5355\u5411\u6d41\u52a8；<\/li>\n
          • \u6570\u7ec4\u5fc5\u987b\u9884\u5148\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4（\u5982 int fd[2];），\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u586b\u5145\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26；<\/li>\n
          • \u82e5\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a NULL，\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e errno = EINVAL\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            3. \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e0e\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n

            （1）\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/h5>\n
              \n
            • \u6210\u529f：\u8fd4\u56de 0；<\/li>\n
            • \u5931\u8d25：\u8fd4\u56de -1，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf errno \u6807\u8bc6\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              （2）\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u7801（errno）<\/h5>\n\n\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u542b\u4e49\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
              EMFILE<\/td>\n\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0a\u9650<\/td>\n\u5173\u95ed\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u6216\u63d0\u5347\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u9650\u5236<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              ENFILE<\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u603b\u6570\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0a\u9650<\/td>\n\u6e05\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 \/ \u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              EINVAL<\/td>\n\u53c2\u6570\u65e0\u6548（\u5982 pipefd \u4e3a NULL）<\/td>\n\u786e\u4fdd\u4f20\u5165\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 2 \u7684\u6709\u6548\u6570\u7ec4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              4. \u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h4>\n

              （1）\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/h5>\n

              \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5927\u5c0f\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a 4KB \u6216 64KB，\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 fcntl() \u4fee\u6539），\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u540e\u6682\u5b58\u4e8e\u5185\u6838，\u8bfb\u53d6\u540e\u4ece\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u79fb\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

              （2）\u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027<\/h5>\n\n\u7279\u6027\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
              \u963b\u585e\u6027<\/td>\n\u2460 \u8bfb\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u65f6，\u82e5\u7ba1\u9053\u4e3a\u7a7a \u2192 \u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u963b\u585e，\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165；\u2461 \u5199\u7aef\u5199\u5165\u65f6，\u82e5\u7ba1\u9053\u6ee1 \u2192 \u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u963b\u585e，\u76f4\u5230\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6；\u2462 \u82e5\u5199\u7aef\u5173\u95ed，\u8bfb\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u6570\u636e\u540e\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de 0（\u8868\u793a EOF）；\u2463 \u82e5\u8bfb\u7aef\u5173\u95ed，\u5199\u7aef\u5199\u5165\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1 SIGPIPE \u4fe1\u53f7，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ec8\u6b62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u6570\u636e\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/td>\n\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf \u2264 PIPE_BUF（\u7ba1\u9053\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f，\u901a\u5e38 4096 \u5b57\u8282）\u65f6，\u5199\u5165\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u7684（\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6253\u65ad）；\u8d85\u8fc7\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u62c6\u5206<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/td>\n\u7ba1\u9053\u968f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ed3\u675f\u800c\u9500\u6bc1：\u6240\u6709\u6301\u6709\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u540e，\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u7ba1\u9053\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              \"\"<\/p>\n

              \u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u4e5f\u5145\u5206\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u7ba1\u9053\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a.<\/p>\n

              \u56e0\u4e3a\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u9700\u8981\u6709\u8840\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528fork\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0.<\/p>\n

              #include <iostream>
              \n#include <unistd.h>
              \n#include <sys\/wait.h>
              \n#include <cstring>
              \n#include <cstdio><\/p>\n

              using namespace std;<\/p>\n

              int main() {
              \n \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053
              \n int pipefd[2];
              \n if (pipe(pipefd) == -1) {
              \n perror("pipe failed");
              \n return 1;
              \n }<\/p>\n

              \/\/ 2. \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b
              \n pid_t pid = fork();
              \n if (pid == -1) {
              \n perror("fork failed");
              \n return 1;
              \n }<\/p>\n

              \/\/ ========== \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u8bfb\u6570\u636e）==========
              \n if (pid == 0) {
              \n \/\/ 3. \u5173\u95ed\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5199\u7aef（\u6838\u5fc3！\u5426\u5219\u8bfb\u7aef\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u963b\u585e）
              \n close(pipefd[1]);<\/p>\n

              char buf[1024] = {0};
              \n \/\/ 4. \u4ece\u8bfb\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e（\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85）
              \n ssize_t read_len = read(pipefd[0], buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
              \n if (read_len > 0) {
              \n cout << "[\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b] \u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6570\u636e：" << buf << endl;
              \n } else if (read_len == 0) {
              \n cout << "[\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b] \u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u7aef\u5df2\u5168\u90e8\u5173\u95ed" << endl;
              \n } else {
              \n perror("read failed");
              \n }<\/p>\n

              \/\/ 5. \u5173\u95ed\u8bfb\u7aef
              \n close(pipefd[0]);
              \n return 0;
              \n }<\/p>\n

              \/\/ ========== \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u5199\u6570\u636e）==========
              \n \/\/ 3. \u5173\u95ed\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8bfb\u7aef
              \n close(pipefd[0]);<\/p>\n

              \/\/ 4. \u5411\u5199\u7aef\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e
              \n const char* msg = "Hello, this is parent process!";
              \n ssize_t write_len = write(pipefd[1], msg, strlen(msg)+1); \/\/ +1 \u5305\u542b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26
              \n if (write_len == -1) {
              \n perror("write failed");
              \n } else {
              \n cout << "[\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b] \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6210\u529f，\u957f\u5ea6：" << write_len << endl;
              \n }<\/p>\n

              \/\/ 5. \u5173\u95ed\u5199\u7aef（\u89e6\u53d1\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u7aef\u8fd4\u56deEOF）
              \n close(pipefd[1]);<\/p>\n

              \/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5
              \n wait(nullptr);
              \n cout << "[\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b] \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u9000\u51fa" << endl;<\/p>\n

              return 0;
              \n} <\/p>\n

              5.\u7528<\/span>fork<\/span>\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u5171\u4eab\u7ba1\u9053\u539f\u7406(\u56fe\u52a0\u6587\u5b57\u89e3\u6790)<\/span><\/h4>\n

              \"\"<\/p>\n

              1. \u5de6\u56fe：fork() \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001<\/h5>\n
                \n
              • \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528 pipe() \u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053，\u5f97\u5230\u8bfb\u7aef fd[0] \u548c\u5199\u7aef fd[1]\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u8c03\u7528 fork() \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540e，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u5b8c\u6574\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868，\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u62e5\u6709 fd[0] \u548c fd[1]\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u6b64\u65f6\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5199\u7ba1\u9053，\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f62\u6210\u5355\u5411\u901a\u4fe1，\u4e14\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u548c\u963b\u585e\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                2. \u53f3\u56fe：\u5173\u95ed\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26（\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65）<\/h5>\n

                \u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u5355\u5411\u901a\u4fe1，\u5fc5\u987b\u8ba9\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5404\u81ea\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u7aef：<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fdd\u7559\u5199\u7aef fd[1]，\u5173\u95ed\u8bfb\u7aef fd[0] \u2192 \u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u5411\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fdd\u7559\u8bfb\u7aef fd[0]，\u5173\u95ed\u5199\u7aef fd[1] \u2192 \u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u4ece\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7236\u5199\u5b50\u8bfb\u7684\u5355\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u901a\u9053，\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u548c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b\u5173\u95ed\u65e0\u7528\u7aef？<\/h5>\n
                    \n
                  • \u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f：\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u662f\u6709\u9650\u8d44\u6e90，\u4e0d\u5173\u95ed\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u9632\u6b62\u9519\u8bef\u963b\u585e：\u5982\u679c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5173\u95ed\u5199\u7aef，\u5373\u4f7f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u5199\u7aef，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8bfb\u7aef\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u963b\u585e（\u5185\u6838\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd8\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e）\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u89e6\u53d1 EOF \u4fe1\u53f7：\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u5199\u7aef\u90fd\u5173\u95ed\u65f6，\u8bfb\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u5269\u4f59\u6570\u636e\u540e\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de 0（\u8868\u793a EOF），\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u77e5\u9053\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u4f20\u8f93\u5b8c\u6bd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    6.\u7ad9\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u89d2\u5ea6<\/span>–<\/span>\u6df1\u5ea6\u7406\u89e3\u7ba1\u9053(\u56fe+\u6587\u5b57)<\/span><\/h4>\n

                    \"\"<\/p>\n

                    \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ece3\u5f00\u59cb，\u56e0\u4e3a0，1，2\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5c31\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n

                    1. \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65：\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053<\/h5>\n
                      \n
                    • \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528 pipe()，\u5185\u6838\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053，\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26：\n
                        \n
                      • fd[0] = 3：\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8bfb\u7aef<\/li>\n
                      • fd[1] = 4：\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5199\u7aef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                      • \u6b64\u65f6\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u4e2d，3 \u548c 4 \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8bfb\u7aef\u548c\u5199\u7aef，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5199\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                        2. \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65：\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b fork() \u51fa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n
                          \n
                        • \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u5b8c\u6574\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868，\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u62e5\u6709 fd[0] = 3 \u548c fd[1] = 4\u3002<\/li>\n
                        • \u6b64\u65f6\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8bfb\u7aef\u548c\u5199\u7aef，\u4f46\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u901a\u4fe1\u6df7\u4e71\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                          3. \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65：\u5173\u95ed\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26（\u5173\u952e）<\/h5>\n
                            \n
                          • \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u8bfb\u7aef fd[0] = 3，\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u5199\u7aef fd[1] = 4 \u2192 \u8d1f\u8d23\u5411\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
                          • \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u5199\u7aef fd[1] = 4，\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u8bfb\u7aef fd[0] = 3 \u2192 \u8d1f\u8d23\u4ece\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
                          • \u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7236\u5199\u5b50\u8bfb\u7684\u5355\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u901a\u9053，\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u963b\u585e\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                            \u6838\u5fc3\u610f\u4e49<\/h5>\n
                              \n
                            • \u8fd9\u662f Linux \u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6d41\u7a0b，\u4e5f\u662f | \u7ba1\u9053\u7b26（\u5982 who | wc -l）\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n
                            • \u5173\u95ed\u65e0\u7528\u7aef\u662f\u5173\u952e，\u5b83\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5355\u5411\u6d41\u52a8，\u5e76\u4e14\u8ba9\u5185\u6838\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u72b6\u6001（\u5982\u5199\u7aef\u5168\u90e8\u5173\u95ed\u65f6，\u8bfb\u7aef\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de EOF）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              7.\u7ad9\u5728\u5185\u6838\u89d2\u5ea6<\/span>–<\/span>\u7ba1\u9053\u672c\u8d28(\u56fe+\u6587)<\/span><\/h4>\n
                              1. \u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u6784\u89e3\u6790<\/h5>\n
                                \n
                              • \n

                                \u8fdb\u7a0b 1\/2 \u7684 file \u7ed3\u6784\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u6253\u5f00\u7ba1\u9053\u65f6，\u90fd\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a file \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u72b6\u6001：<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • f_mode：\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f（\u8bfb \/ \u5199）<\/li>\n
                                • f_pos：\u5f53\u524d\u8bfb\u5199\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/li>\n
                                • f_flags：\u6587\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\u6807\u5fd7（\u5982 O_RDONLY\u3001O_WRONLY）<\/li>\n
                                • f_inode：\u6307\u5411\u7ba1\u9053\u7684 inode \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                • \n

                                  \u7ba1\u9053\u7684 inode \u7ed3\u6784\u8fd9\u662f\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5185\u6838\u5143\u6570\u636e，\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u72b6\u6001（\u5982\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570），\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 file \u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5171\u540c\u6307\u5411，\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                                • \n

                                  \u6570\u636e\u9875\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u533a，\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u9875（\u901a\u5e38 4KB），\u8fdb\u7a0b 1 \u7684\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u8fd9\u91cc，\u8fdb\u7a0b 2 \u7684\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  2. \u901a\u4fe1\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h5>\n
                                • \n

                                  \u8fdb\u7a0b 1 \u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b 1 \u901a\u8fc7\u5176 file \u7ed3\u6784\u627e\u5230\u7ba1\u9053\u7684 inode，\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528 write \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                                • \n

                                  \u8fdb\u7a0b 2 \u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b 2 \u901a\u8fc7\u5176 file \u7ed3\u6784\u627e\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a inode，\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528 read \u4ece\u6570\u636e\u9875\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                                • \n

                                  \u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  • \u6570\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012，\u65e0\u9700\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u95f4\u62f7\u8d1d，\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n
                                  • \u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 file \u7ed3\u6784\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a inode \u548c\u6570\u636e\u9875，\u8fd9\u662f\u7ba1\u9053\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                    3. \u5173\u952e\u610f\u4e49<\/h5>\n

                                    \u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0：\u5b83\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u800c\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u901a\u8fc7 file \u548c inode \u7ed3\u6784\u8ba9\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u4ec5\u80fd\u5728\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528 \u2014\u2014 \u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u627f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u6838\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

                                    \u6240\u4ee5，\u770b\u5f85\u7ba1\u9053，\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u770b\u5f85\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u6837！\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u81f4，\u8fce\u5408\u4e86<\/span>\u201cLinux<\/span>\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u601d\u60f3".<\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u4f8b\u5b50<\/span>
                                    \n 1. <\/span>
                                    \n \u5728<\/span>
                                    \n minishell<\/span>
                                    \n \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0：<\/span><\/p>\n

                                    # include <stdio.h>
                                    \n# include <stdlib.h>
                                    \n# include <unistd.h>
                                    \n# include <string.h>
                                    \n# include <fcntl.h>
                                    \n# define MAX_CMD 1024
                                    \nchar command[MAX_CMD];
                                    \nint do_face()
                                    \n{
                                    \n memset(command, 0x00, MAX_CMD);
                                    \n printf("minishell$ ");
                                    \n fflush(stdout);
                                    \n if (scanf("%[^\\\\n]%*c", command) == 0) {
                                    \n getchar();
                                    \n return -1;
                                    \n }
                                    \n return 0;
                                    \n}
                                    \nchar **do_parse(char *buff)
                                    \n{
                                    \n int argc = 0;
                                    \n static char *argv[32];
                                    \n char *ptr = buff;
                                    \n while(*ptr != '\\\\0') {
                                    \n if (!isspace(*ptr)) {
                                    \n argv[argc++] = ptr;
                                    \n while((!isspace(*ptr)) && (*ptr) != '\\\\0') {
                                    \n ptr++;
                                    \n }
                                    \n }else {
                                    \n while(isspace(*ptr)) {
                                    \n *ptr = '\\\\0';
                                    \n ptr++;
                                    \n }
                                    \n }
                                    \n }
                                    \n argv[argc] = NULL;
                                    \n return argv;
                                    \n}
                                    \nint do_redirect(char *buff)
                                    \n{
                                    \n char *ptr = buff, *file = NULL;
                                    \n int type = 0, fd, redirect_type = -1;
                                    \n while(*ptr != '\\\\0') {
                                    \n if (*ptr == '>') {
                                    \n *ptr++ = '\\\\0';
                                    \n redirect_type++;
                                    \nif (*ptr == '>') {
                                    \n *ptr++ = '\\\\0';
                                    \n redirect_type++;
                                    \n }
                                    \n while(isspace(*ptr)) {
                                    \n ptr++;
                                    \n }
                                    \n file = ptr;
                                    \n while((!isspace(*ptr)) && *ptr != '\\\\0') {
                                    \n ptr++;
                                    \n }
                                    \n *ptr = '\\\\0';
                                    \n if (redirect_type == 0) {
                                    \n fd = open(file, O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_WRONLY, 0664);
                                    \n }else {
                                    \n fd = open(file, O_CREAT|O_APPEND|O_WRONLY, 0664);
                                    \n }
                                    \n dup2(fd, 1);
                                    \n }
                                    \n ptr++;
                                    \n }
                                    \n return 0;
                                    \n}
                                    \nint do_command(char *buff)
                                    \n{
                                    \n int pipe_num = 0, i;
                                    \n char *ptr = buff;
                                    \n int pipefd[32][2] = {{-1}};
                                    \n int pid = -1;
                                    \n pipe_command[pipe_num] = ptr;
                                    \n while(*ptr != '\\\\0') {
                                    \n if (*ptr == '|') {
                                    \n pipe_num++;
                                    \n *ptr++ = '\\\\0';
                                    \n pipe_command[pipe_num] = ptr;
                                    \n continue;
                                    \n }
                                    \n ptr++;
                                    \n }
                                    \n pipe_command[pipe_num + 1] = NULL;
                                    \n return pipe_num;
                                    \n}
                                    \nint do_pipe(int pipe_num)
                                    \n{
                                    \n int pid = 0, i;
                                    \n int pipefd[10][2] = {{0}};
                                    \n char **argv = {NULL};
                                    \n for (i = 0; i <= pipe_num; i++) {
                                    \n pipe(pipefd[i]);
                                    \n }
                                    \n for (i = 0; i <= pipe_num; i++) {
                                    \npid = fork();
                                    \n if (pid == 0) {
                                    \n do_redirect(pipe_command[i]);
                                    \n argv = do_parse(pipe_command[i]);
                                    \n if (i != 0) {
                                    \n close(pipefd[i][1]);
                                    \n dup2(pipefd[i][0], 0);
                                    \n }
                                    \n if (i != pipe_num) {
                                    \n close(pipefd[i + 1][0]);
                                    \n dup2(pipefd[i + 1][1], 1);
                                    \n }
                                    \n execvp(argv[0], argv);
                                    \n }else {
                                    \n close(pipefd[i][0]);
                                    \n close(pipefd[i][1]);
                                    \n waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
                                    \n }
                                    \n }
                                    \n return 0;
                                    \n}
                                    \nint main(int argc, char *argv[])
                                    \n{
                                    \n int num = 0;
                                    \n while(1) {
                                    \n if (do_face() < 0)
                                    \n continue;
                                    \n num = do_command(command);
                                    \n do_pipe(num);
                                    \n }
                                    \n return 0;
                                    \n} <\/p>\n

                                    8.\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u5199\u89c4\u5219<\/span><\/h4>\n

                                    \u5f53\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u8bfb\u65f6 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    O_NONBLOCK disable<\/span>
                                    \n ：<\/span>
                                    \n read<\/span>
                                    \n \u8c03\u7528\u963b\u585e，\u5373\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6682\u505c\u6267\u884c，\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5230\u6709\u6570\u636e\u6765\u5230\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    O_NONBLOCK enable<\/span>
                                    \n ：<\/span>
                                    \n read<\/span>
                                    \n \u8c03\u7528\u8fd4\u56de<\/span>
                                    \n -1<\/span>
                                    \n ，<\/span>
                                    \n errno<\/span>
                                    \n \u503c\u4e3a<\/span>
                                    \n EAGAIN<\/span>
                                    \n \u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u5f53\u7ba1\u9053\u6ee1\u7684\u65f6\u5019 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    O_NONBLOCK disable<\/span>
                                    \n ：<\/span>
                                    \n write<\/span>
                                    \n \u8c03\u7528\u963b\u585e，\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u8d70\u6570\u636e <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    O_NONBLOCK enable<\/span>
                                    \n ：\u8c03\u7528\u8fd4\u56de<\/span>
                                    \n -1<\/span>
                                    \n ，<\/span>
                                    \n errno<\/span>
                                    \n \u503c\u4e3a<\/span>
                                    \n EAGAIN <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u7aef\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u88ab\u5173\u95ed，\u5219<\/span>
                                    \n read<\/span>
                                    \n \u8fd4\u56de<\/span>
                                    \n 0 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u7aef\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u88ab\u5173\u95ed，\u5219<\/span>
                                    \n write<\/span>
                                    \n \u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span>
                                    \n SIGPIPE,<\/span>
                                    \n \u8fdb\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4<\/span>
                                    \n write<\/span>
                                    \n \u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u5f53\u8981\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0d\u5927\u4e8e<\/span>
                                    \n PIPE_BUF<\/span>
                                    \n \u65f6，<\/span>
                                    \n linux<\/span>
                                    \n \u5c06\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5199\u5165\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u5f53\u8981\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u4e8e<\/span>
                                    \n PIPE_BUF<\/span>
                                    \n \u65f6，<\/span>
                                    \n linux<\/span>
                                    \n \u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5199\u5165\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

                                    9.\u7ba1\u9053\u7279\u70b9<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

                                    \u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7956\u5148\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u5177\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b）\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1；\u901a\u5e38，\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa，\u7136\u540e\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528fork<\/span>
                                    \n ，\u6b64\u540e\u7236\u3001\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u8be5\u7ba1\u9053\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u7ba1\u9053\u63d0\u4f9b\u6d41\u5f0f\u670d\u52a1 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa，\u7ba1\u9053\u91ca\u653e，\u6240\u4ee5\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u968f\u8fdb\u7a0b <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00，\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7ba1\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u4e92\u65a5 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u7684，\u6570\u636e\u53ea\u80fd\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u6d41\u52a8；\u9700\u8981\u53cc\u65b9\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6，\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053<\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \"\"<\/p>\n

                                    \u4e09.\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/span><\/h2>\n

                                    \u7ba1\u9053\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9650\u5236\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5177\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7956\u5148（\u5177\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb）\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5728\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
                                    \n FIFO<\/span>
                                    \n \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u505a\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c，\u5b83\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

                                    \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n

                                    1.\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/span><\/h3>\n

                                    \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa，\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4：<\/span><\/p>\n

                                    $ mkfifo filename <\/p>\n

                                    \u4e00\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u6838\u5fc3\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h4>\n

                                    mkfifo filename \u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（Named Pipe\/FIFO） \u7684\u547d\u4ee4，\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（pipe() \u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa）\u4ec5\u80fd\u5728\u4eb2\u7f18\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u9650\u5236，\u5b9e\u73b0\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u65e0\u5173\u8054） \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53cc\u5411 \/ \u5355\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    • 📌 \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u672c\u8d28：\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6（\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a p），\u4f46\u4e0d\u5b58\u50a8\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e，\u4ec5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684 \u201c\u6865\u6881\u201d，\u6570\u636e\u4ecd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u6838\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/li>\n
                                    • 📌 \u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027：\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u8de8\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed1\u5b9a（\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u5220\u9664）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      \u4e8c\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n\n\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      \u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/td>\nmkfifo [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6\u540d（\u6700\u5e38\u7528：mkfifo filename）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6，\u4f9b\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\nls -l \u67e5\u770b\u65f6，\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u5f00\u5934\u4e3a p（\u5982 prw-rw-r–）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \u6240\u5c5e\u5206\u7c7b<\/td>\nPOSIX \u6807\u51c6\u547d\u4ee4，\u6240\u6709 Linux\/Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u5747\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                      \u4e09\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\u8be6\u89e3<\/h4>\n

                                      1. \u57fa\u7840\u7528\u6cd5（\u65e0\u53c2\u6570）<\/h5>\n

                                      bash<\/p>\n

                                      \u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

                                      mkfifo myfifo # \u521b\u5efa\u540d\u4e3a myfifo \u7684\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      • \u6267\u884c\u540e，\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a myfifo \u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6，ls -l \u67e5\u770b\u793a\u4f8b：\n

                                        plaintext<\/p>\n

                                        prw-rw-r– 1 user user 0 Jan 30 10:00 myfifo<\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        • p：\u6807\u8bc6\u8fd9\u662f\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（FIFO）\u6587\u4ef6；<\/li>\n
                                        • \u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 0：\u56e0\u4e3a\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u4e0d\u5b58\u50a8\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e，\u4ec5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u4fe1\u5165\u53e3；<\/li>\n
                                        • \u6743\u9650\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u81f4（\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 chmod \u4fee\u6539）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                          2. \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/h5>\n\n\u9009\u9879\u542b\u4e49\u793a\u4f8b<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                          -m\/–mode<\/td>\n\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650（\u516b\u8fdb\u5236）<\/td>\nmkfifo -m 0600 myfifo（\u4ec5\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          -Z\/–context<\/td>\n\u8bbe\u7f6e SELinux \u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587（\u4ec5 selinux \u7cfb\u7edf）<\/td>\nmkfifo -Z unconfined_u:object_r:user_tmp_t:s0 myfifo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          –help<\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\nmkfifo –help<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          –version<\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u7248\u672c<\/td>\nmkfifo –version<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                          \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cc\u521b\u5efa，\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\u6709：<\/span><\/p>\n

                                          int mkfifo(const char *filename,mode_t mode); <\/p>\n

                                          \u4e00\u3001mkfifo () \u51fd\u6570\u6838\u5fc3\u8bb2\u89e3<\/h4>\n

                                          mkfifo() \u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528，\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（FIFO）\u6587\u4ef6，\u662f\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u63a5\u53e3，\u5bf9\u5e94\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684 mkfifo filename\u3002<\/p>\n

                                          1. \u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f<\/h5>\n\n\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                          \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/td>\nint mkfifo(const char *pathname, mode_t mode);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \u6240\u9700\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<sys\/types.h> + <sys\/stat.h>（C\/C++ \u901a\u7528）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/td>\n\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6eerrno<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u521b\u5efa\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6，\u4f9b\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                          2. \u53c2\u6570\u8be6\u89e3<\/h5>\n\n\u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49 & \u89c4\u5219<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
                                          pathname<\/td>\n\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84 + \u540d\u79f0（\u5982 ".\/myfifo"\u3001"\/tmp\/fifo_test"）：\u2705 \u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84 \/ \u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5747\u53ef；\u274c \u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519（ENOENT）\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          mode<\/td>\n\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650（\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6570，\u5982 0666\u30010644）：\u2705 \u6700\u7ec8\u6743\u9650 = mode & ~umask（\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u81f4）；\u2705 \u5e38\u7528 0666（\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199）\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                          3. \u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u7801（errno）<\/h5>\n\n\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u542b\u4e49\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                          EEXIST<\/td>\n\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728<\/td>\n\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728，\u6216\u7528 unlink() \u5220\u9664\u540e\u91cd\u5efa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          ENOENT<\/td>\n\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728（\u5982 \/tmp\/a\/myfifo \u4e2d a \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728）<\/td>\n\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55（mkdir()），\u518d\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          EACCES<\/td>\n\u65e0\u6743\u9650\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\u68c0\u67e5\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650，\u63d0\u5347\u6743\u9650（sudo）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          ENOSPC<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3<\/td>\n\u6e05\u7406\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                          4. \u57fa\u7840\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n

                                          cpp<\/p>\n

                                          \u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

                                          #include <iostream>
                                          \n#include <sys\/stat.h>
                                          \n#include <sys\/types.h>
                                          \n#include <cstdio>
                                          \n#include <cerrno><\/p>\n

                                          using namespace std;<\/p>\n

                                          #define FIFO_PATH ".\/myfifo"<\/p>\n

                                          int main() {
                                          \n \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053，\u6743\u9650 0666
                                          \n if (mkfifo(FIFO_PATH, 0666) == -1) {
                                          \n if (errno == EEXIST) {
                                          \n cout << "\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728，\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u590d\u521b\u5efa" << endl;
                                          \n } else {
                                          \n perror("mkfifo failed");
                                          \n return 1;
                                          \n }
                                          \n } else {
                                          \n cout << "\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f：" << FIFO_PATH << endl;
                                          \n }
                                          \n return 0;
                                          \n}<\/p>\n

                                          \u4e8c\u3001\u4e0e mkfifo () \u914d\u5957\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n

                                          \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u521b\u5efa\u540e，\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u51fd\u6570\u5b8c\u6210 \u201c\u6253\u5f00\u2192\u8bfb\u5199\u2192\u5173\u95ed\u2192\u5220\u9664\u201d \u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b，\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u914d\u5957\u51fd\u6570：<\/p>\n

                                          1. open ()：\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（\u6838\u5fc3！）<\/h5>\n

                                          \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u521b\u5efa\u540e\u662f \u201c\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u201d，\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7 open() \u6253\u5f00\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u5199，\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0e\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5173\u952e\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                          \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/td>\nint open(const char *pathname, int flags);<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \u6838\u5fc3\u53c2\u6570（flags）<\/td>\n\u2460 O_RDONLY：\u53ea\u8bfb\u6253\u5f00（\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b）；\u2461 O_WRONLY：\u53ea\u5199\u6253\u5f00（\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b）；\u2462 O_NONBLOCK：\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f（\u53ef\u9009）；\u2705 \u5e38\u7528\u7ec4\u5408：`O_RDONLY<\/td>\nO_NONBLOCK`（\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8bfb）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027<\/td>\n🔴 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：- \u4ec5\u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u7aef \u2192 \u963b\u585e，\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u5199\u7aef；- \u4ec5\u6253\u5f00\u5199\u7aef \u2192 \u963b\u585e，\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u7aef；🔴 \u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：- \u4ec5\u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u7aef \u2192 \u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de（\u6210\u529f）；- \u4ec5\u6253\u5f00\u5199\u7aef \u2192 \u62a5\u9519（ENXIO）\u3002<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                          \u793a\u4f8b：\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u7ba1\u9053<\/p>\n

                                          cpp<\/p>\n

                                          \u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ \u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u7aef
                                          \nint fd_read = open(FIFO_PATH, O_RDONLY);
                                          \nif (fd_read == -1) { perror("open read failed"); return 1; }<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ \u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u5199\u7aef
                                          \nint fd_write = open(FIFO_PATH, O_WRONLY);
                                          \nif (fd_write == -1) { perror("open write failed"); return 1; }<\/p>\n

                                          \u793a\u4f8b：\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u7ba1\u9053<\/p>\n

                                          cpp<\/p>\n

                                          \u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ \u975e\u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u7aef（\u5373\u4f7f\u65e0\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de）
                                          \nint fd_read = open(FIFO_PATH, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);<\/p>\n

                                          2. read ()\/write ()：\u8bfb\u5199\u7ba1\u9053\u6570\u636e<\/h5>\n

                                          \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u81f4，\u4f46\u9075\u5faa\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u963b\u585e \/ \u539f\u5b50\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u89c4\u5219<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
                                          read()<\/td>\nssize_t read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);<\/td>\n\u2460 \u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：\u65e0\u6570\u636e\u5219\u963b\u585e，\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5219\u8bfb\u53d6；\u2461 \u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：\u65e0\u6570\u636e\u8fd4\u56de -1（errno=EAGAIN）；\u2462 \u5199\u7aef\u5173\u95ed：\u8bfb\u53d6\u5269\u4f59\u6570\u636e\u540e\u8fd4\u56de 0（EOF）\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          write()<\/td>\nssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);<\/td>\n\u2460 \u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1\u5219\u963b\u585e，\u5426\u5219\u5199\u5165；\u2461 \u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ee1\u8fd4\u56de -1（errno=EAGAIN）；\u2462 \u8bfb\u7aef\u5173\u95ed：\u89e6\u53d1 SIGPIPE \u4fe1\u53f7（\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ec8\u6b62）；\u2463 \u539f\u5b50\u6027：\u5199\u5165 \u2264 PIPE_BUF（4KB）\u65f6\u539f\u5b50\u5199\u5165\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                          \u793a\u4f8b：\u8bfb\u5199\u7ba1\u9053\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

                                          cpp<\/p>\n

                                          \u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ \u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e
                                          \nconst char* msg = "Hello FIFO!";
                                          \nssize_t write_len = write(fd_write, msg, strlen(msg)+1);
                                          \nif (write_len == -1) { perror("write failed"); }<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ \u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e
                                          \nchar buf[1024] = {0};
                                          \nssize_t read_len = read(fd_read, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
                                          \nif (read_len > 0) {
                                          \n cout << "\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230：" << buf << endl;
                                          \n} else if (read_len == 0) {
                                          \n cout << "\u5199\u7aef\u5df2\u5173\u95ed" << endl;
                                          \n}<\/p>\n

                                          3. close ()：\u5173\u95ed\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/h5>\n

                                          \u5b8c\u6210\u8bfb\u5199\u540e\u5fc5\u987b\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90，\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ba1\u9053\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e0d\u4e3a 0，\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u9500\u6bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                          \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/td>\nint close(int fd);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/td>\n\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1（errno=EBADF \u8868\u793a fd \u65e0\u6548）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n\u5173\u95ed\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8bfb \/ \u5199\u7aef，\u51cf\u5c11\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570；\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u90fd\u5173\u95ed\u65f6，\u5185\u6838\u91ca\u653e\u7ba1\u9053\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                          \u793a\u4f8b：\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/p>\n

                                          cpp<\/p>\n

                                          \u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

                                          close(fd_read); \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u8bfb\u7aef
                                          \nclose(fd_write); \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u5199\u7aef<\/p>\n

                                          4. unlink ()：\u5220\u9664\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6<\/h5>\n

                                          \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1，\u9700\u7528 unlink() \u624b\u52a8\u5220\u9664（\u5bf9\u5e94\u547d\u4ee4\u884c rm）\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                          \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/td>\nint unlink(const char *pathname);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/td>\n\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1（errno=ENOENT \u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6，\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u7ba1\u9053，\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5148\u6807\u8bb0\u5220\u9664，\u5f85\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u540e\u5f7b\u5e95\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                          \u793a\u4f8b：\u5220\u9664\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

                                          if (unlink(FIFO_PATH) == -1) {
                                          \n perror("unlink failed");
                                          \n} else {
                                          \n cout << "\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5220\u9664" << endl;
                                          \n}<\/p>\n

                                          \u4e09\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b：\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/h4>\n

                                          \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u65e0\u5173\u8054\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801，\u8986\u76d6 mkfifo() + \u6240\u6709\u914d\u5957\u51fd\u6570：<\/p>\n

                                          1. \u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b（fifo_writer.cpp）<\/h5>\n

                                          #include <iostream>
                                          \n#include <sys\/stat.h>
                                          \n#include <sys\/types.h>
                                          \n#include <fcntl.h>
                                          \n#include <unistd.h>
                                          \n#include <cstring>
                                          \n#include <cstdio>
                                          \n#include <cerrno><\/p>\n

                                          using namespace std;<\/p>\n

                                          #define FIFO_PATH ".\/myfifo"<\/p>\n

                                          int main() {
                                          \n \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u5ffd\u7565）
                                          \n if (mkfifo(FIFO_PATH, 0666) == -1) {
                                          \n if (errno != EEXIST) {
                                          \n perror("mkfifo failed");
                                          \n return 1;
                                          \n }
                                          \n cout << "\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728，\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528" << endl;
                                          \n } else {
                                          \n cout << "\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f" << endl;
                                          \n }<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ 2. \u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u5199\u7aef（\u7b49\u5f85\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5）
                                          \n cout << "\u7b49\u5f85\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5…" << endl;
                                          \n int fd = open(FIFO_PATH, O_WRONLY);
                                          \n if (fd == -1) {
                                          \n perror("open failed");
                                          \n return 1;
                                          \n }
                                          \n cout << "\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u8fde\u63a5，\u5f00\u59cb\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e" << endl;<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ 3. \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e
                                          \n const char* msg = "Hello from FIFO writer (\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1)!";
                                          \n ssize_t write_len = write(fd, msg, strlen(msg)+1);
                                          \n if (write_len == -1) {
                                          \n perror("write failed");
                                          \n } else {
                                          \n cout << "\u6210\u529f\u5199\u5165 " << write_len << " \u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e：" << msg << endl;
                                          \n }<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ 4. \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
                                          \n close(fd);
                                          \n cout << "\u5199\u7aef\u5df2\u5173\u95ed" << endl;<\/p>\n

                                          return 0;
                                          \n}<\/p>\n

                                          2. \u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b（fifo_reader.cpp）<\/h5>\n

                                          #include <iostream>
                                          \n#include <sys\/stat.h>
                                          \n#include <sys\/types.h>
                                          \n#include <fcntl.h>
                                          \n#include <unistd.h>
                                          \n#include <cstring>
                                          \n#include <cstdio><\/p>\n

                                          using namespace std;<\/p>\n

                                          #define FIFO_PATH ".\/myfifo"<\/p>\n

                                          int main() {
                                          \n \/\/ 1. \u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u7aef（\u7b49\u5f85\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5）
                                          \n cout << "\u7b49\u5f85\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5…" << endl;
                                          \n int fd = open(FIFO_PATH, O_RDONLY);
                                          \n if (fd == -1) {
                                          \n perror("open failed");
                                          \n return 1;
                                          \n }
                                          \n cout << "\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u8fde\u63a5，\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e" << endl;<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ 2. \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e
                                          \n char buf[1024] = {0};
                                          \n ssize_t read_len = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
                                          \n if (read_len == -1) {
                                          \n perror("read failed");
                                          \n } else if (read_len == 0) {
                                          \n cout << "\u5199\u7aef\u5df2\u5173\u95ed，\u65e0\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u8bfb" << endl;
                                          \n } else {
                                          \n cout << "\u6210\u529f\u8bfb\u53d6 " << read_len << " \u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e：" << buf << endl;
                                          \n }<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ 3. \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
                                          \n close(fd);
                                          \n cout << "\u8bfb\u7aef\u5df2\u5173\u95ed" << endl;<\/p>\n

                                          \/\/ 4. \u5220\u9664\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6（\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23）
                                          \n if (unlink(FIFO_PATH) == -1) {
                                          \n perror("unlink failed");
                                          \n } else {
                                          \n cout << "\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5220\u9664" << endl;
                                          \n }<\/p>\n

                                          return 0;
                                          \n}<\/p>\n

                                          \u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c<\/h5>\n

                                          bash<\/p>\n

                                          \u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

                                          # \u7f16\u8bd1
                                          \ng++ fifo_writer.cpp -o writer -std=c++11
                                          \ng++ fifo_reader.cpp -o reader -std=c++11<\/p>\n

                                          # \u7ec8\u7aef1：\u8fd0\u884c\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b）
                                          \n.\/writer<\/p>\n

                                          # \u7ec8\u7aef2：\u8fd0\u884c\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e）
                                          \n.\/reader<\/p>\n

                                          \u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c<\/h5>\n
                                            \n
                                          • \u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u7aef：\n

                                            plaintext<\/p>\n

                                            \u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f
                                            \n\u7b49\u5f85\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5…
                                            \n\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u8fde\u63a5，\u5f00\u59cb\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e
                                            \n\u6210\u529f\u5199\u5165 41 \u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e：Hello from FIFO writer (\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1)!
                                            \n\u5199\u7aef\u5df2\u5173\u95ed\n <\/li>\n

                                          • \u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u7aef：\n

                                            plaintext<\/p>\n

                                            \u7b49\u5f85\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5…
                                            \n\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u8fde\u63a5，\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e
                                            \n\u6210\u529f\u8bfb\u53d6 41 \u5b57\u8282\u6570\u636e：Hello from FIFO writer (\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1)!
                                            \n\u8bfb\u7aef\u5df2\u5173\u95ed
                                            \n\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5220\u9664\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                            \u56db\u3001\u914d\u5957\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h4>\n

                                            1. open () \u963b\u585e vs \u975e\u963b\u585e\u9009\u62e9<\/h5>\n
                                              \n
                                            • \u2705 \u63a8\u8350\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u573a\u666f，\u81ea\u52a8\u7b49\u5f85\u5bf9\u65b9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5，\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u8f6e\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n
                                            • \u274c \u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e \u201c\u65e0\u9700\u7b49\u5f85\u5bf9\u65b9\u201d \u7684\u573a\u666f（\u5982\u5b9a\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u7ba1\u9053），\u9700\u5904\u7406 EAGAIN \u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                              2. write () \u907f\u514d\u89e6\u53d1 SIGPIPE<\/h5>\n

                                              \u82e5\u8bfb\u7aef\u5df2\u5173\u95ed，\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528 write() \u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1 SIGPIPE \u4fe1\u53f7，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ec8\u6b62：<\/p>\n

                                              cpp<\/p>\n

                                              \u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n

                                              \/\/ \u53ef\u9009：\u6355\u83b7 SIGPIPE \u4fe1\u53f7，\u907f\u514d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62
                                              \n#include <signal.h>
                                              \nsignal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); \/\/ \u5ffd\u7565 SIGPIPE \u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n

                                              3. unlink () \u65f6\u673a<\/h5>\n
                                                \n
                                              • \u5efa\u8bae\u7531\u6700\u540e\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528 unlink()，\u907f\u514d\u63d0\u524d\u5220\u9664\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n
                                              • \u5373\u4f7f\u8c03\u7528 unlink() \u540e，\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u53ef\u6b63\u5e38\u8bfb\u5199，\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                \u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
                                              • mkfifo () \u6838\u5fc3：\u521b\u5efa\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6，\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u8def\u5f84 + \u6743\u9650，\u9700\u5904\u7406 \u201c\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u201d \u9519\u8bef；<\/li>\n
                                              • \u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u5957\u51fd\u6570：\n
                                                  \n
                                                • open()：\u6253\u5f00\u7ba1\u9053（\u963b\u585e \/ \u975e\u963b\u585e，\u8bfb\u5199\u7aef\u9700\u914d\u5bf9）；<\/li>\n
                                                • read()\/write()：\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e（\u9075\u5faa\u7ba1\u9053\u963b\u585e \/ \u539f\u5b50\u6027\u89c4\u5219）；<\/li>\n
                                                • close()：\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90；<\/li>\n
                                                • unlink()：\u5220\u9664\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6，\u6e05\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf；<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                                • \u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b：\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053 \u2192 \u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u5199\u7aef \u2192 \u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e \u2192 \u5173\u95ed\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26 \u2192 \u5220\u9664\u7ba1\u9053；<\/li>\n
                                                • \u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf：\u7a81\u7834\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u4eb2\u7f18\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9650\u5236，\u5b9e\u73b0\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n

                                                  \u56db.\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u4e0e\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（Anonymous Pipe）\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（Named Pipe\/FIFO）<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                  \u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\n1. \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528：pipe(int pipefd[2])2. \u65e0\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f（\u4ec5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa）<\/td>\n1. \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528：mkfifo(const char *pathname, mode_t mode)2. \u547d\u4ee4\u884c：mkfifo filename<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                  \u6807\u8bc6 \/ \u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u65e0\u6587\u4ef6\u540d，\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26（pipefd [0]\/pipefd [1]）\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d（\u5982 .\/myfifo），\u901a\u8fc7 open() \u6253\u5f00\u540e\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                  \u901a\u4fe1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8303\u56f4<\/td>\n\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u7236\u5b50 \/ \u5144\u5f1f\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u9700\u7ee7\u627f\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26）<\/td>\n\u652f\u6301\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u65e0\u5173\u8054\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u53ef，\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                  \u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/td>\n\u968f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u9500\u6bc1：\u6240\u6709\u6301\u6709\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u540e，\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n\u968f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b58\u5728：\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u7559，\u9700\u624b\u52a8 rm\/unlink() \u5220\u9664，\u5373\u4f7f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                  \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u89c1\u6027<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1（\u4ec5\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u4e2d，\u65e0\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9e\u4f53）<\/td>\n\u53ef\u89c1（ls -l \u53ef\u67e5，\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a p）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                  \u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u65e0\u9700 open()：pipe() \u521b\u5efa\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u5f97\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，fork \u540e\u7ee7\u627f<\/td>\n\u9700\u663e\u5f0f open()：\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6，\u518d\u7528 open(pathname, flags) \u6253\u5f00\u5f97\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                  \u963b\u585e\u7279\u6027（\u9ed8\u8ba4）<\/td>\n\u8bfb\u5199\u9ed8\u8ba4\u963b\u585e：\u8bfb\u7a7a\u7ba1\u9053\u963b\u585e\u3001\u5199\u6ee1\u7ba1\u9053\u963b\u585e<\/td>\n\u6253\u5f00 \/ \u8bfb\u5199\u9ed8\u8ba4\u963b\u585e：\u2460 \u4ec5\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u7aef（\u8bfb \/ \u5199）\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u5728 open()；\u2461 \u8bfb\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u540c\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                  \u6838\u5fc3\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n\n

                                                  1. \u7236\u5b50 \/ \u5144\u5f1f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u4e34\u65f6\u901a\u4fe12. Shell \u7ba1\u9053\u7b26（\u5982 `who|wc -l`）\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                  		\n

                                                  1. \u65e0\u5173\u8054\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u957f\u671f\u901a\u4fe12. \u8de8\u7a0b\u5e8f \/ \u8de8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1（\u5982\u670d\u52a1\u7aef – \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u4fe1）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                                                  \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u6682\u5b58\u5185\u6838\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u8bfb\u53d6\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u5220\u9664，\u65e0\u6301\u4e45\u5316<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u6682\u5b58\u5185\u6838\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u5927\u5c0f\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e3a 0，\u65e0\u6301\u4e45\u5316<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                  \u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n\u65e0\u72ec\u7acb\u6743\u9650（\u7ee7\u627f\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6743\u9650）<\/td>\n\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650（\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a mode，\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 chmod \u4fee\u6539）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                  \u5178\u578b\u4ee3\u7801\u6d41\u7a0b<\/td>\n1. pipe() \u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u90532. fork() \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b3. \u5173\u95ed\u65e0\u7528\u7aef4. \u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n1. mkfifo() \u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef62. \u8fdb\u7a0b A open() \u5199\u7aef3. \u8fdb\u7a0b B open() \u8bfb\u7aef4. \u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e5. unlink() \u5220\u9664\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                  \u5173\u952e\u5dee\u5f02\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n

                                                  1. \u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u5dee\u5f02：\u901a\u4fe1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8303\u56f4<\/h4>\n

                                                  \u8fd9\u662f\u4e24\u8005\u6700\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u533a\u522b，\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f：<\/p>\n

                                                    \n
                                                  • \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053：\u4f9d\u8d56 fork() \u7ee7\u627f\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u7236\u5b50 \/ \u5144\u5f1f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1（\u6bd4\u5982\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053\u540e fork \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ee7\u627f pipefd）；<\/li>\n
                                                  • \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053：\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6807\u8bc6，\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84（\u6709\u6743\u9650），\u5c31\u80fd\u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u901a\u4fe1（\u6bd4\u5982\u8fdb\u7a0b A \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef 1 \u521b\u5efa，\u8fdb\u7a0b B \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef 2 \u6253\u5f00）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                    2. \u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5dee\u5f02（\u6613\u8e29\u5751\u70b9）<\/h4>\n
                                                      \n
                                                    • \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053：\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u6e05\u7406，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6b8b\u7559\u8d44\u6e90；<\/li>\n
                                                    • \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053：\u82e5\u5fd8\u8bb0 rm\/unlink()，\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u7559\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，\u4e0b\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519 File exists，\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                      3. \u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u5f0f\u5dee\u5f02<\/h4>\n
                                                        \n
                                                      • \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053：pipe() \u8c03\u7528\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u5f97\u5230\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u65e0\u9700\u989d\u5916\u6253\u5f00；<\/li>\n
                                                      • \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053：mkfifo() \u4ec5\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6，\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7 open() \u6253\u5f00（\u6307\u5b9a O_RDONLY\/O_WRONLY）\u624d\u80fd\u8bfb\u5199，\u4e14\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u4ec5\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u7aef\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u5728 open() \u8c03\u7528（\u7b49\u5f85\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u6253\u5f00）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                        \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u9009\u62e9\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n\n\u573a\u666f\u63a8\u8350\u9009\u62e9\u539f\u56e0<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u4e34\u65f6\u4f20\u9012\u5c11\u91cf\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n\u65e0\u9700\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6，\u81ea\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1，\u6d41\u7a0b\u66f4\u7b80\u5355<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                        \n

                                                        Shell \u547d\u4ee4\u62fc\u63a5（\u5982 `ls<\/p>\n

                                                        grep`）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

                                                        		\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\nShell \u5e95\u5c42\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26\u521b\u5efa\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053，\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                        \u4e24\u4e2a\u65e0\u5173\u8054\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u5982\u670d\u52a1\u7aef + \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef）\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n\u7a81\u7834\u4eb2\u7f18\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9650\u5236，\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5373\u53ef\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                        \u8de8\u7ec8\u7aef \/ \u8de8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u6743\u9650\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84，\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u80fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                        \u957f\u671f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/td>\n\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u53ef\u63a7，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u4ecd\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                        \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
                                                      • \u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u522b：\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u65e0\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u4ec5\u9650\u4eb2\u7f18\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1；\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u652f\u6301\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u5220\u9664；<\/li>\n
                                                      • \u9009\u62e9\u539f\u5219：\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u4eb2\u7f18\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7528\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053，\u957f\u671f\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7528\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053；<\/li>\n
                                                      • \u5171\u6027：\u4e24\u8005\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u6682\u5b58\u5185\u6838\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u8bfb\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u81f4（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u963b\u585e\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u5199\u5165\u22644KB），\u5747\u4e3a\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n

                                                        \u4e94.\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u89c4\u5219<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

                                                        \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5176\u4e0e\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e4b\u4e00，\u6838\u5fc3\u7531 open() \u51fd\u6570\u7684 flags \u53c2\u6570\u63a7\u5236，\u5206\u4e3a\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f（\u9ed8\u8ba4）\u548c\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f（O_NONBLOCK）\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

                                                        \u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u524d\u63d0<\/h4>\n

                                                        \u5728\u8bb2\u89e3\u6253\u5f00\u89c4\u5219\u524d，\u5148\u660e\u786e\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5：<\/p>\n

                                                      • \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684 \u201c\u4e24\u7aef\u201d：\u8bfb\u7aef（O_RDONLY）\u548c\u5199\u7aef（O_WRONLY），\u5fc5\u987b\u81f3\u5c11\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u7aef\u624d\u80fd\u901a\u4fe1；<\/li>\n
                                                      • \u6253\u5f00\u6807\u5fd7：\n
                                                          \n
                                                        • O_RDONLY：\u53ea\u8bfb\u6253\u5f00（\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b）；<\/li>\n
                                                        • O_WRONLY：\u53ea\u5199\u6253\u5f00（\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b）；<\/li>\n
                                                        • O_NONBLOCK：\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f（\u53ef\u9009，\u53e0\u52a0\u5728 O_RDONLY\/O_WRONLY \u4e0a）；<\/li>\n
                                                        • \u274c \u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528 O_RDWR \u6253\u5f00：\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u7279\u6027，\u4e14\u884c\u4e3a\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49（\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n

                                                          \u4e8c\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6a21\u5f0f（\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f，\u65e0 O_NONBLOCK）<\/h4>\n

                                                          \u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f，\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u7b26\u5408\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f，\u6838\u5fc3\u89c4\u5219：\u4ec5\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u7aef（\u8bfb \/ \u5199）\u65f6，open() \u4f1a\u963b\u585e，\u76f4\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u88ab\u6253\u5f00；\u4e24\u7aef\u90fd\u6253\u5f00\u540e，open() \u624d\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n

                                                          1. \u573a\u666f\u62c6\u89e3（\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f）<\/h5>\n\n\u6253\u5f00\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u7a0b A（\u5148\u6253\u5f00）\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b B（\u540e\u6253\u5f00）\u884c\u4e3a<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                                          1. \u8fdb\u7a0b A \u4ee5 O_RDONLY \u6253\u5f00<\/td>\nopen() \u963b\u585e，\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5 O_WRONLY \u6253\u5f00\u5199\u7aef<\/td>\n\u4ee5 O_WRONLY \u6253\u5f00\u540e，\u8fdb\u7a0b A \u7684 open() \u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de，\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                          2. \u8fdb\u7a0b A \u4ee5 O_WRONLY \u6253\u5f00<\/td>\nopen() \u963b\u585e，\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5 O_RDONLY \u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u7aef<\/td>\n\u4ee5 O_RDONLY \u6253\u5f00\u540e，\u8fdb\u7a0b A \u7684 open() \u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de，\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                          3. \u540c\u65f6\u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u5199\u7aef<\/td>\n\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 open() \u90fd\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                          2. \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b（\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f）<\/h5>\n

                                                          \/\/ \u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u7aef，\u7b49\u5f85\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b）
                                                          \nint fd_read = open(".\/myfifo", O_RDONLY);
                                                          \n\/\/ \u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00，\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u963b\u585e\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc，\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n

                                                          \/\/ \u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u5199\u7aef，\u7b49\u5f85\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b）
                                                          \nint fd_write = open(".\/myfifo", O_WRONLY);
                                                          \n\/\/ \u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00，\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u963b\u585e\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc，\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n

                                                          3. \u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027<\/h5>\n
                                                            \n
                                                          • \u963b\u585e\u53d1\u751f\u5728 open() \u9636\u6bb5，\u800c\u975e\u8bfb\u5199\u9636\u6bb5；<\/li>\n
                                                          • \u53ea\u8981\u8bfb\u5199\u4e24\u7aef\u90fd\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00，open() \u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de，\u540e\u7eed\u8bfb\u5199\u9075\u5faa\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u666e\u901a\u963b\u585e\u89c4\u5219（\u8bfb\u7a7a\u963b\u585e\u3001\u5199\u6ee1\u963b\u585e）；<\/li>\n
                                                          • \u82e5\u4e00\u7aef\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa（\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26），\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u7684 open() \u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u963b\u585e，\u4ec5\u8bfb\u5199\u884c\u4e3a\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                            \u4e09\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f（O_NONBLOCK）<\/h4>\n

                                                            \u901a\u8fc7\u5728 open() \u7684 flags \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 O_NONBLOCK，\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u6d88\u6253\u5f00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u963b\u585e，\u6838\u5fc3\u89c4\u5219：\u65e0\u8bba\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u662f\u5426\u6253\u5f00，open() \u90fd\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de（\u6210\u529f \/ \u5931\u8d25）\u3002<\/p>\n

                                                            1. \u573a\u666f\u62c6\u89e3（\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f）<\/h5>\n\n\u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u5f0f\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u672a\u6253\u5f00\u65f6\u884c\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u65f6\u884c\u4e3a<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
                                                            1. `O_RDONLY<\/td>\nO_NONBLOCK`<\/td>\nopen() \u7acb\u5373\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de（\u5f97\u5230\u8bfb\u7aef\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26）<\/td>\nopen() \u7acb\u5373\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                            2. `O_WRONLY<\/td>\nO_NONBLOCK`<\/td>\nopen() \u5931\u8d25，\u8fd4\u56de -1，errno = ENXIO<\/td>\nopen() \u7acb\u5373\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                            2. \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b（\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f）<\/h5>\n

                                                            \/\/ \u975e\u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u7aef（\u5373\u4f7f\u65e0\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u6210\u529f）
                                                            \nint fd_read = open(".\/myfifo", O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
                                                            \nif (fd_read == -1) {
                                                            \n perror("open read failed");
                                                            \n return 1;
                                                            \n}<\/p>\n

                                                            \/\/ \u975e\u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u5199\u7aef（\u65e0\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5219\u5931\u8d25）
                                                            \nint fd_write = open(".\/myfifo", O_WRONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
                                                            \nif (fd_write == -1) {
                                                            \n if (errno == ENXIO) {
                                                            \n cout << "\u65e0\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u7ba1\u9053，\u5199\u7aef\u6253\u5f00\u5931\u8d25" << endl;
                                                            \n }
                                                            \n return 1;
                                                            \n}<\/p>\n

                                                            3. \u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027<\/h5>\n
                                                              \n
                                                            • \u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ec5\u5f71\u54cd open() \u9636\u6bb5，\u8bfb\u5199\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u963b\u585e\u89c4\u5219\u4ecd\u9002\u7528（\u5982\u8bfb\u7a7a\u7ba1\u9053\u65f6，\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8bfb\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de -1，errno = EAGAIN）；<\/li>\n
                                                            • \u5199\u7aef\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u7684 \u201c\u82db\u523b\u6027\u201d：\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u8bfb\u7aef\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u529f，\u5426\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5931\u8d25（\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5411\u65e0\u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u6570\u636e，\u89e6\u53d1 SIGPIPE）；<\/li>\n
                                                            • \u9002\u7528\u4e8e \u201c\u65e0\u9700\u7b49\u5f85\u5bf9\u65b9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u201d \u7684\u573a\u666f（\u5982\u5b9a\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8bfb\u8005 \/ \u5199\u8005）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                              \u56db\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u573a\u666f：O_RDWR \u6253\u5f00（\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528）<\/h4>\n

                                                              \u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528 O_RDWR \u6253\u5f00\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053，\u8fd9\u662f\u5f3a\u70c8\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u7684，\u539f\u56e0：<\/p>\n

                                                            • \u7834\u574f\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u7279\u6027，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5199，\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u9519\u4e71；<\/li>\n
                                                            • \u884c\u4e3a\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49：\u4e0d\u540c Linux \u7248\u672c\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c（\u6bd4\u5982 open(O_RDWR) \u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de，\u65e0\u8bba\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u662f\u5426\u6253\u5f00）；<\/li>\n
                                                            • \u5931\u53bb\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u963b\u585e\u540c\u6b65\u7279\u6027，\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n

                                                              \u4e94\u3001\u6253\u5f00\u89c4\u5219\u5e38\u89c1\u5751\u70b9\u4e0e\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357<\/h4>\n

                                                              1. \u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5361\u6b7b<\/h5>\n
                                                                \n
                                                              • \u95ee\u9898：\u4ec5\u542f\u52a8\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b \/ \u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b，open() \u4e00\u76f4\u963b\u585e，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u770b\u4f3c \u201c\u5361\u6b7b\u201d；<\/li>\n
                                                              • \u907f\u5751：\u786e\u4fdd\u8bfb\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u914d\u5bf9\u542f\u52a8，\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u5931\u8d25\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                2. \u975e\u963b\u585e\u5199\u7aef\u6253\u5f00\u5931\u8d25<\/h5>\n
                                                                  \n
                                                                • \u95ee\u9898：\u7528 O_WRONLY | O_NONBLOCK \u6253\u5f00\u65f6，\u8fd4\u56de -1 \u4e14 errno=ENXIO；<\/li>\n
                                                                • \u539f\u56e0：\u65e0\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u7ba1\u9053；<\/li>\n
                                                                • \u907f\u5751：\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728，\u6216\u5148\u542f\u52a8\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u518d\u542f\u52a8\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                  3. \u591a\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u540c\u4e00\u7aef<\/h5>\n
                                                                    \n
                                                                  • \u95ee\u9898：\u540c\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u591a\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u540c\u4e00\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u8bfb \/ \u5199\u7aef，\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ba1\u9053\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u589e\u52a0；<\/li>\n
                                                                  • \u540e\u679c：\u5173\u95ed\u4e00\u7aef\u65f6，\u82e5\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e0d\u4e3a 0，\u5185\u6838\u4e0d\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1 EOF，\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u963b\u585e；<\/li>\n
                                                                  • \u907f\u5751：\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ec5\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u6b21\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u7aef，\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u6253\u5f00\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                    \u516d\u3001\u6253\u5f00\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u8bfb\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5173\u8054<\/h4>\n

                                                                    \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u89c4\u5219\u662f \u201c\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\u201d，\u8bfb\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u662f \u201c\u540e\u7eed\u884c\u4e3a\u201d，\u4e24\u8005\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u903b\u8f91：<\/p>\n

                                                                  • \u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：\n
                                                                      \n
                                                                    • \u6253\u5f00\u6210\u529f \u2192 \u8bfb\u7a7a\u7ba1\u9053\u963b\u585e\u3001\u5199\u6ee1\u7ba1\u9053\u963b\u585e；<\/li>\n
                                                                    • \u5199\u7aef\u5168\u90e8\u5173\u95ed \u2192 \u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u53d6\u5269\u4f59\u6570\u636e\u540e\u8fd4\u56de 0（EOF）；<\/li>\n
                                                                    • \u8bfb\u7aef\u5168\u90e8\u5173\u95ed \u2192 \u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5199\u6570\u636e\u89e6\u53d1 SIGPIPE\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                                                    • \u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：\n
                                                                        \n
                                                                      • \u6253\u5f00\u6210\u529f \u2192 \u8bfb\u7a7a\u7ba1\u9053\u8fd4\u56de -1（EAGAIN）\u3001\u5199\u6ee1\u7ba1\u9053\u8fd4\u56de -1（EAGAIN）；<\/li>\n
                                                                      • \u5176\u4ed6\u8bfb\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n

                                                                        \u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
                                                                      • \u9ed8\u8ba4\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：\u8bfb\u5199\u7aef\u9700\u914d\u5bf9\u6253\u5f00，open() \u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u5bf9\u65b9，\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u3001\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f；<\/li>\n
                                                                      • \u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f：\u8bfb\u7aef\u6253\u5f00\u603b\u662f\u6210\u529f，\u5199\u7aef\u6253\u5f00\u9700\u8bfb\u7aef\u5df2\u5b58\u5728，\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u9700\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u573a\u666f；<\/li>\n
                                                                      • \u6838\u5fc3\u7981\u5fcc：\u7981\u6b62\u7528 O_RDWR \u6253\u5f00\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053，\u907f\u514d\u7834\u574f\u901a\u4fe1\u903b\u8f91；<\/li>\n
                                                                      • \u907f\u5751\u5173\u952e：\u786e\u4fdd\u8bfb\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u914d\u5bf9\u542f\u52a8，\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u6253\u5f00\u540c\u4e00\u7aef，\u5904\u7406\u975e\u963b\u585e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n

                                                                        \u4f8b\u5b50<\/span>1-<\/span>\u7528\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d<\/span><\/h3>\n

                                                                        \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6，\u5199\u5165\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/span>
                                                                        \n :<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        1. \u516c\u5171\u5934\u6587\u4ef6（fifo_copy.h）<\/h4>\n

                                                                        \u5b9a\u4e49\u7ba1\u9053\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f，\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                                                        #ifndef FIFO_COPY_H
                                                                        \n#define FIFO_COPY_H<\/p>\n

                                                                        #include <iostream>
                                                                        \n#include <sys\/stat.h>
                                                                        \n#include <sys\/types.h>
                                                                        \n#include <fcntl.h>
                                                                        \n#include <unistd.h>
                                                                        \n#include <cstring>
                                                                        \n#include <cstdio>
                                                                        \n#include <cerrno><\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u540d\u79f0
                                                                        \n#define FIFO_NAME ".\/file_copy_fifo"
                                                                        \n\/\/ \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f（\u5efa\u8bae\u7b49\u4e8ePIPE_BUF，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u539f\u5b50\u5199\u5165）
                                                                        \n#define BUF_SIZE 4096<\/p>\n

                                                                        #endif \/\/ FIFO_COPY_H<\/p>\n

                                                                        2. \u53d1\u9001\u8fdb\u7a0b（fifo_sender.cpp）<\/h4>\n

                                                                        \u8d1f\u8d23\u8bfb\u53d6\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6，\u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053：<\/p>\n

                                                                        #include "fifo_copy.h"<\/p>\n

                                                                        int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                                                                        \n \/\/ 1. \u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570
                                                                        \n if (argc != 2) {
                                                                        \n std::cerr << "\u7528\u6cd5：" << argv[0] << " <\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84>" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n return 1;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n const char* src_file = argv[1];<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 2. \u521b\u5efa\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u5ffd\u7565）
                                                                        \n if (mkfifo(FIFO_NAME, 0666) == -1) {
                                                                        \n if (errno != EEXIST) {
                                                                        \n perror("mkfifo failed");
                                                                        \n return 1;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5df2\u5b58\u5728，\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n } else {
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f：" << FIFO_NAME << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 3. \u6253\u5f00\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6（\u53ea\u8bfb）
                                                                        \n int fd_src = open(src_file, O_RDONLY);
                                                                        \n if (fd_src == -1) {
                                                                        \n perror("open src file failed");
                                                                        \n unlink(FIFO_NAME); \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u7ba1\u9053
                                                                        \n return 1;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u6210\u529f：" << src_file << std::endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 4. \u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u7aef（\u7b49\u5f85\u63a5\u6536\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5）
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u7b49\u5f85\u63a5\u6536\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5…" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n int fd_fifo = open(FIFO_NAME, O_WRONLY);
                                                                        \n if (fd_fifo == -1) {
                                                                        \n perror("open fifo write failed");
                                                                        \n close(fd_src);
                                                                        \n unlink(FIFO_NAME);
                                                                        \n return 1;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u63a5\u6536\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u8fde\u63a5，\u5f00\u59cb\u62f7\u8d1d\u6587\u4ef6…" << std::endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 5. \u9010\u6bb5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u7ba1\u9053
                                                                        \n char buf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};
                                                                        \n ssize_t read_len, write_len;
                                                                        \n while ((read_len = read(fd_src, buf, BUF_SIZE)) > 0) {
                                                                        \n \/\/ \u5199\u5165\u7ba1\u9053（\u786e\u4fdd\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165）
                                                                        \n write_len = write(fd_fifo, buf, read_len);
                                                                        \n if (write_len == -1) {
                                                                        \n perror("write fifo failed");
                                                                        \n break;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n if (write_len != read_len) {
                                                                        \n std::cerr << "\u8b66\u544a：\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u672a\u5199\u5165，\u5df2\u5199 " << write_len << " \/ \u5e94\u5199 " << read_len << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u5df2\u62f7\u8d1d " << read_len << " \u5b57\u8282" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 6. \u68c0\u67e5\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c
                                                                        \n if (read_len == -1) {
                                                                        \n perror("read src file failed");
                                                                        \n } else {
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d\u5b8c\u6210！\u603b\u5199\u5165\u7ba1\u9053\u6570\u636e：" << (ssize_t)(lseek(fd_src, 0, SEEK_END)) << " \u5b57\u8282" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 7. \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
                                                                        \n close(fd_src);
                                                                        \n close(fd_fifo);
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u53d1\u9001\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5df2\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7ba1\u9053" << std::endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                        return 0;
                                                                        \n}<\/p>\n

                                                                        3. \u63a5\u6536\u8fdb\u7a0b（fifo_receiver.cpp）<\/h4>\n

                                                                        \u8d1f\u8d23\u4ece\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9，\u5199\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

                                                                        #include "fifo_copy.h"<\/p>\n

                                                                        int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                                                                        \n \/\/ 1. \u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570
                                                                        \n if (argc != 2) {
                                                                        \n std::cerr << "\u7528\u6cd5：" << argv[0] << " <\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84>" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n return 1;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n const char* dst_file = argv[1];<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 2. \u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u7aef（\u7b49\u5f85\u53d1\u9001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5）
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u7b49\u5f85\u53d1\u9001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5…" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n int fd_fifo = open(FIFO_NAME, O_RDONLY);
                                                                        \n if (fd_fifo == -1) {
                                                                        \n perror("open fifo read failed");
                                                                        \n return 1;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u53d1\u9001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u8fde\u63a5，\u51c6\u5907\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e…" << std::endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 3. \u6253\u5f00\/\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6（\u53ea\u5199，\u521b\u5efa，\u622a\u65ad）
                                                                        \n int fd_dst = open(dst_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
                                                                        \n if (fd_dst == -1) {
                                                                        \n perror("open dst file failed");
                                                                        \n close(fd_fifo);
                                                                        \n unlink(FIFO_NAME);
                                                                        \n return 1;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\/\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f：" << dst_file << std::endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 4. \u9010\u6bb5\u4ece\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6
                                                                        \n char buf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};
                                                                        \n ssize_t read_len, write_len;
                                                                        \n while ((read_len = read(fd_fifo, buf, BUF_SIZE)) > 0) {
                                                                        \n \/\/ \u5199\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6
                                                                        \n write_len = write(fd_dst, buf, read_len);
                                                                        \n if (write_len == -1) {
                                                                        \n perror("write dst file failed");
                                                                        \n break;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n if (write_len != read_len) {
                                                                        \n std::cerr << "\u8b66\u544a：\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u672a\u5199\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6，\u5df2\u5199 " << write_len << " \/ \u5e94\u5199 " << read_len << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u5df2\u63a5\u6536 " << read_len << " \u5b57\u8282\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 5. \u68c0\u67e5\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c
                                                                        \n if (read_len == -1) {
                                                                        \n perror("read fifo failed");
                                                                        \n } else if (read_len == 0) {
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u7aef\u5df2\u5173\u95ed，\u63a5\u6536\u5b8c\u6210！\u603b\u5199\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e：" << (ssize_t)(lseek(fd_dst, 0, SEEK_END)) << " \u5b57\u8282" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 6. \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
                                                                        \n close(fd_dst);
                                                                        \n close(fd_fifo);
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u63a5\u6536\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5df2\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7ba1\u9053" << std::endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 7. \u5220\u9664\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053（\u6700\u540e\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u6e05\u7406）
                                                                        \n if (unlink(FIFO_NAME) == -1) {
                                                                        \n perror("unlink fifo failed");
                                                                        \n } else {
                                                                        \n std::cout << "\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5df2\u5220\u9664：" << FIFO_NAME << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        return 0;
                                                                        \n} <\/p>\n

                                                                        \u4f8b\u5b50<\/span>2-<\/span>\u7528\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>server&client<\/span>\u901a\u4fe1<\/span><\/h3>\n

                                                                        1. \u516c\u5171\u5934\u6587\u4ef6（fifo_ipc.h）<\/h4>\n

                                                                        \u5b9a\u4e49\u7ba1\u9053\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u6838\u5fc3\u5e38\u91cf，\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7aef \/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5171\u7528：<\/p>\n

                                                                        #ifndef FIFO_IPC_H
                                                                        \n#define FIFO_IPC_H<\/p>\n

                                                                        #include <iostream>
                                                                        \n#include <sys\/stat.h>
                                                                        \n#include <sys\/types.h>
                                                                        \n#include <fcntl.h>
                                                                        \n#include <unistd.h>
                                                                        \n#include <cstring>
                                                                        \n#include <cstdio>
                                                                        \n#include <cerrno>
                                                                        \n#include <string><\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u540d\u79f0（\u533a\u5206\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\/\u56de\u590d\u7ba1\u9053）
                                                                        \n#define SERVER_FIFO ".\/server_fifo" \/\/ Client \u2192 Server
                                                                        \n#define CLIENT_FIFO ".\/client_fifo" \/\/ Server \u2192 Client
                                                                        \n\/\/ \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f（PIPE_BUF，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u539f\u5b50\u5199\u5165）
                                                                        \n#define BUF_SIZE 4096
                                                                        \n\/\/ \u9000\u51fa\u6307\u4ee4
                                                                        \n#define EXIT_CMD "exit"<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ \u5c01\u88c5\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570
                                                                        \ninline void handle_error(const std::string& msg) {
                                                                        \n perror(msg.c_str());
                                                                        \n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                                                                        \n}<\/p>\n

                                                                        #endif \/\/ FIFO_IPC_H<\/p>\n

                                                                        2. \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801（fifo_server.cpp）<\/h4>\n

                                                                        \u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u542c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d88\u606f，\u5904\u7406\u540e\u56de\u590d，\u652f\u6301\u591a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef（\u4e32\u884c\u5904\u7406）：<\/p>\n

                                                                        #include "fifo_ipc.h"<\/p>\n

                                                                        int main() {
                                                                        \n \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u7ba1\u9053（Client\u2192Server）
                                                                        \n if (mkfifo(SERVER_FIFO, 0666) == -1) {
                                                                        \n if (errno != EEXIST) {
                                                                        \n handle_error("mkfifo server_fifo failed");
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Server] \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7ba1\u9053\u5df2\u5b58\u5728，\u590d\u7528\u8be5\u7ba1\u9053" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n } else {
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Server] \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7ba1\u9053\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f：" << SERVER_FIFO << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 2. \u963b\u585e\u6253\u5f00\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u7aef（\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u542c）
                                                                        \n int fd_server = open(SERVER_FIFO, O_RDONLY);
                                                                        \n if (fd_server == -1) {
                                                                        \n handle_error("open server_fifo read failed");
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Server] \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5df2\u542f\u52a8，\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d88\u606f…" << std::endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                        char recv_buf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};
                                                                        \n ssize_t recv_len;<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 3. \u6301\u7eed\u8bfb\u53d6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d88\u606f
                                                                        \n while (true) {
                                                                        \n \/\/ \u6e05\u7a7a\u7f13\u51b2\u533a
                                                                        \n memset(recv_buf, 0, sizeof(recv_buf));
                                                                        \n \/\/ \u963b\u585e\u8bfb\u53d6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d88\u606f（\u65e0\u6d88\u606f\u5219\u7b49\u5f85）
                                                                        \n recv_len = read(fd_server, recv_buf, BUF_SIZE – 1);<\/p>\n

                                                                        if (recv_len == -1) {
                                                                        \n handle_error("read server_fifo failed");
                                                                        \n } else if (recv_len == 0) {
                                                                        \n \/\/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5173\u95ed\u5199\u7aef，\u7ee7\u7eed\u7b49\u5f85\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Server] \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00，\u7b49\u5f85\u65b0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef…" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n continue;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 4. \u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d88\u606f
                                                                        \n std::string client_msg(recv_buf);
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Server] \u6536\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d88\u606f：" << client_msg << std::endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ \u68c0\u6d4b\u9000\u51fa\u6307\u4ee4（\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e0d\u9000\u51fa，\u4ec5\u63d0\u793a）
                                                                        \n if (client_msg == EXIT_CMD) {
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Server] \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u9000\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n continue;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 5. \u51c6\u5907\u56de\u590d\u6d88\u606f
                                                                        \n std::string reply_msg = "Server\u56de\u590d：\u5df2\u6536\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3010" + client_msg + "\u3011";
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Server] \u51c6\u5907\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u590d：" << reply_msg << std::endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 6. \u6253\u5f00\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u7aef，\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u590d
                                                                        \n int fd_client = open(CLIENT_FIFO, O_WRONLY);
                                                                        \n if (fd_client == -1) {
                                                                        \n handle_error("open client_fifo write failed");
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n write(fd_client, reply_msg.c_str(), reply_msg.length() + 1); \/\/ +1 \u5305\u542b\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26
                                                                        \n close(fd_client);
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Server] \u56de\u590d\u5df2\u53d1\u9001" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 7. \u6e05\u7406\u8d44\u6e90（\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c，\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u7ec8\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\u7aef）
                                                                        \n close(fd_server);
                                                                        \n unlink(SERVER_FIFO);
                                                                        \n unlink(CLIENT_FIFO);
                                                                        \n return 0;
                                                                        \n}<\/p>\n

                                                                        3. \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801（fifo_client.cpp）<\/h4>\n

                                                                        \u4e3b\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef，\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u56de\u590d，\u652f\u6301\u624b\u52a8\u8f93\u5165\u591a\u6761\u6d88\u606f：<\/p>\n

                                                                        #include "fifo_ipc.h"<\/p>\n

                                                                        int main() {
                                                                        \n \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u7ba1\u9053（Server\u2192Client）
                                                                        \n if (mkfifo(CLIENT_FIFO, 0666) == -1) {
                                                                        \n if (errno != EEXIST) {
                                                                        \n handle_error("mkfifo client_fifo failed");
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Client] \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7ba1\u9053\u5df2\u5b58\u5728，\u590d\u7528\u8be5\u7ba1\u9053" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n } else {
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Client] \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7ba1\u9053\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f：" << CLIENT_FIFO << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 2. \u6253\u5f00\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u7aef（\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u7528）
                                                                        \n int fd_server = open(SERVER_FIFO, O_WRONLY);
                                                                        \n if (fd_server == -1) {
                                                                        \n handle_error("open server_fifo write failed");
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Client] \u5df2\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef，\u53ef\u8f93\u5165\u6d88\u606f（\u8f93\u5165exit\u9000\u51fa）：" << std::endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                        std::string input_msg;
                                                                        \n char reply_buf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};
                                                                        \n ssize_t reply_len;<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 3. \u5faa\u73af\u8f93\u5165\u6d88\u606f\u5e76\u53d1\u9001
                                                                        \n while (true) {
                                                                        \n \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Client] \u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6d88\u606f：";
                                                                        \n std::getline(std::cin, input_msg);<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7aef
                                                                        \n write(fd_server, input_msg.c_str(), input_msg.length() + 1);<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ \u68c0\u6d4b\u9000\u51fa\u6307\u4ee4
                                                                        \n if (input_msg == EXIT_CMD) {
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Client] \u9000\u51fa\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n break;
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 4. \u6253\u5f00\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u7aef，\u63a5\u6536\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u56de\u590d
                                                                        \n int fd_client = open(CLIENT_FIFO, O_RDONLY);
                                                                        \n if (fd_client == -1) {
                                                                        \n handle_error("open client_fifo read failed");
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n memset(reply_buf, 0, sizeof(reply_buf));
                                                                        \n reply_len = read(fd_client, reply_buf, BUF_SIZE – 1);
                                                                        \n if (reply_len > 0) {
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Client] \u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u56de\u590d：" << reply_buf << std::endl;
                                                                        \n }
                                                                        \n close(fd_client);
                                                                        \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                        \/\/ 5. \u6e05\u7406\u8d44\u6e90
                                                                        \n close(fd_server);
                                                                        \n unlink(CLIENT_FIFO); \/\/ \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u81ea\u8eab\u7ba1\u9053
                                                                        \n std::cout << "[Client] \u8d44\u6e90\u5df2\u6e05\u7406，\u9000\u51fa" << std::endl;
                                                                        \n return 0;
                                                                        \n} <\/p>\n

                                                                        \u516d.system V<\/span>\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/span><\/h2>\n

                                                                        \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u662f\u6700\u5feb\u7684<\/span>
                                                                        \n IPC<\/span>
                                                                        \n \u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5171\u4eab\u5b83\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u4e0d\u518d\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5185\u6838，\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6765\u4f20\u9012\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                        1.\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u793a\u610f\u56fe+\u6587\u5b57\u89e3\u6790<\/span><\/h3>\n

                                                                        \"\"<\/p>\n

                                                                        1. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e03\u5c40（\u4ece\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8）<\/h4>\n

                                                                        \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a 32 \u4f4d Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5e03\u5c40，\u4ece\u5730\u5740 0x00000000 \u5230 0xC0000000 \u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4，0xC0000000 \u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u6bb5\u540d\u4f5c\u7528<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                        0x08048000 \u9644\u8fd1<\/td>\n\u6587\u672c\u6bb5（Text）<\/td>\n\u5b58\u653e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801，\u53ea\u8bfb\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                        0x08048000 \u4ee5\u4e0a<\/td>\n\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6bb5（Data）<\/td>\n\u5b58\u653e\u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                        <\/td>\n\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6bb5（BSS）<\/td>\n\u5b58\u653e\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4f1a\u88ab\u6e05\u96f6\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                        <\/td>\n\u5806（Heap）<\/td>\n\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u533a\u57df（malloc\/new），\u5411\u4e0a\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                        <\/td>\n\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u4fdd\u7559<\/td>\n\u9884\u7559\u533a\u57df，\u7528\u4e8e\u5806\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                        0x40000000 \u9644\u8fd1<\/td>\n\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 \/ \u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u533a<\/td>\n\u5b58\u653e\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u6587\u4ef6（mmap）\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                        <\/td>\n\u6808（Stack）<\/td>\n\u5b58\u653e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u5e27，\u5411\u4e0b\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                        0xC0000000<\/td>\nargv\/environ<\/td>\n\u5b58\u653e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                                                        2. \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/h4>\n

                                                                        \u56fe\u4e2d\u7070\u8272\u7684 \u201c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6b64\u5904\u201d \u662f\u5173\u952e，\u5b83\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u539f\u7406：<\/p>\n

                                                                          \n
                                                                        • \u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04：\u8fdb\u7a0b A \u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b B \u4f1a\u5c06\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58，\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5404\u81ea\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684 \u201c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
                                                                        • \u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee：\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u5199\u8fd9\u5757\u5185\u5b58，\u65e0\u9700\u6570\u636e\u62f7\u8d1d，\u662f\u6548\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684 IPC（\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1）\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n
                                                                        • \u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65：\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u5373\u770b\u5230，\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                          3. \u6838\u5fc3\u610f\u4e49<\/h4>\n

                                                                          \u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u6700\u5feb\u7684 IPC \u65b9\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

                                                                            \n
                                                                          • \u6570\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5171\u4eab，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u50cf\u7ba1\u9053 \/ \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u90a3\u6837\u5728\u5185\u6838\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u95f4\u6765\u56de\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/li>\n
                                                                          • \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u53ef\u5171\u4eab\u7684，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5b83\u4e0e\u5806\u3001\u6808\u7b49\u79c1\u6709\u533a\u57df\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                            2.\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/h3>\n

                                                                            struct shmid_ds {
                                                                            \n struct ipc_perm shm_perm; \/* operation perms *\/
                                                                            \n int shm_segsz; \/* size of segment (bytes) *\/
                                                                            \n __kernel_time_t shm_atime; \/* last attach time *\/
                                                                            \n __kernel_time_t shm_dtime; \/* last detach time *\/
                                                                            \n __kernel_time_t shm_ctime; \/* last change time *\/
                                                                            \n __kernel_ipc_pid_t shm_cpid; \/* pid of creator *\/
                                                                            \n __kernel_ipc_pid_t shm_lpid; \/* pid of last operator *\/
                                                                            \n unsigned short shm_nattch; \/* no. of current attaches *\/
                                                                            \n unsigned short shm_unused; \/* compatibility *\/
                                                                            \n void *shm_unused2; \/* ditto – used by DIPC *\/
                                                                            \n void *shm_unused3; \/* unused *\/
                                                                            \n}; <\/p>\n

                                                                            3.\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u51fd\u6570(\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3)<\/span><\/h3>\n

                                                                            \u4e00\u3001shmget ()：\u521b\u5efa \/ \u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5<\/h4>\n

                                                                            1. \u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f<\/h5>\n\n\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/td>\nint shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int shmflg);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            \u6240\u9700\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<sys\/ipc.h> + <sys\/shm.h>（C\/C++ \u901a\u7528）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            \u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/td>\n\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26（shmid）；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1，\u8bbe\u7f6eerrno<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            \u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5，\u6216\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                                            2. \u53c2\u6570\u8be6\u89e3<\/h5>\n\n\u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49 & \u89c4\u5219<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                            key<\/td>\n\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6（\u952e\u503c）：\u2460 IPC_PRIVATE（0）：\u521b\u5efa\u79c1\u6709\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（\u4ec5\u4eb2\u7f18\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u7528）；\u2461 \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u952e\u503c（\u5982 0x1234）：\u901a\u8fc7 ftok() \u751f\u6210\u552f\u4e00\u952e\u503c，\u4f9b\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            size<\/td>\n\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u7684\u5927\u5c0f（\u5b57\u8282）：\u2705 \u5efa\u8bae\u6309\u7cfb\u7edf\u9875\u5927\u5c0f（getpagesize()，\u901a\u5e38 4KB）\u5bf9\u9f50；\u274c \u6700\u5c0f\u4e3a 1 \u5b57\u8282，\u6700\u5927\u53d7\u7cfb\u7edf\u9650\u5236（\/proc\/sys\/kernel\/shmmax）\u3002<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            shmflg<\/td>\n\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d（\u6743\u9650 + \u884c\u4e3a）：\u2460 \u6743\u9650\u4f4d：\u5982 0666（\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199），\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u81f4；\u2461 \u884c\u4e3a\u4f4d：- IPC_CREAT：\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa，\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u83b7\u53d6；- IPC_EXCL：\u4e0e IPC_CREAT \u914d\u5408，\u82e5\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u62a5\u9519（\u786e\u4fdd\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6bb5）；\u2705 \u5e38\u7528\u7ec4\u5408：`IPC_CREAT<\/td>\n0666\u3001IPC_CREAT<\/td>\nIPC_EXCL<\/td>\n0666`\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                                            3. \u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u7801（errno）<\/h5>\n\n\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u542b\u4e49\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                            EEXIST<\/td>\n\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5（\u4f7f\u7528 IPC_EXCL \u65f6）<\/td>\n\u6539\u7528 IPC_CREAT \u6216\u5220\u9664\u5df2\u6709\u6bb5（ipcrm -m shmid）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            EINVAL<\/td>\nsize \u65e0\u6548（\u8fc7\u5927 \/ \u8fc7\u5c0f）\u6216 shmid \u65e0\u6548<\/td>\n\u8c03\u6574 size \u4e3a\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\u6574\u6570\u500d，\u68c0\u67e5 shmid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            ENOMEM<\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3<\/td>\n\u91ca\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58，\u51cf\u5c0f size<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            EACCES<\/td>\n\u65e0\u6743\u9650\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n\u8c03\u6574 shmflg \u7684\u6743\u9650\u4f4d（\u5982 0666）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                                            4. \u57fa\u7840\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n

                                                                            #include <iostream>
                                                                            \n#include <sys\/ipc.h>
                                                                            \n#include <sys\/shm.h>
                                                                            \n#include <cstdio>
                                                                            \n#include <unistd.h><\/p>\n

                                                                            using namespace std;<\/p>\n

                                                                            #define SHM_KEY 0x1234 \/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u952e\u503c
                                                                            \n#define SHM_SIZE 4096 \/\/ \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f（4KB，\u9875\u5bf9\u9f50）<\/p>\n

                                                                            int main() {
                                                                            \n \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa，\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u83b7\u53d6）
                                                                            \n int shmid = shmget(SHM_KEY, SHM_SIZE, IPC_CREAT | 0666);
                                                                            \n if (shmid == -1) {
                                                                            \n perror("shmget failed");
                                                                            \n return 1;
                                                                            \n }
                                                                            \n cout << "\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u521b\u5efa\/\u83b7\u53d6\u6210\u529f，shmid = " << shmid << endl;
                                                                            \n return 0;
                                                                            \n}<\/p>\n

                                                                            \u4e8c\u3001shmat ()：\u5c06\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h4>\n

                                                                            1. \u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f<\/h5>\n\n\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/td>\nvoid *shmat(int shmid, const void *shmaddr, int shmflg);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            \u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/td>\n\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de(void*)-1，\u8bbe\u7f6eerrno<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            \u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n\u5c06\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5，\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4（\u5982\u56fe\u4e2d \u201c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u201d）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                                            2. \u53c2\u6570\u8be6\u89e3<\/h5>\n\n\u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49 & \u89c4\u5219<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                            shmid<\/td>\nshmget() \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            shmaddr<\/td>\n\u6307\u5b9a\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740：\u2460 NULL（\u63a8\u8350）：\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914d\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5730\u5740；\u2461 \u975e NULL：\u6307\u5b9a\u5730\u5740（\u9700\u5bf9\u9f50，\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350，\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u5dee）\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                            shmflg<\/td>\n\u6620\u5c04\u6807\u5fd7：\u2460 0：\u9ed8\u8ba4，\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650；\u2461 SHM_RDONLY：\u53ea\u8bfb\u6620\u5c04（\u4ec5\u80fd\u8bfb\u53d6，\u4e0d\u80fd\u5199\u5165）；\u2462 SHM_REMAP：\u66ff\u6362\u5df2\u6709\u6620\u5c04（\u614e\u7528）\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                                            3. \u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027<\/h5>\n
                                                                              \n
                                                                            • \u6620\u5c04\u540e，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u666e\u901a\u5185\u5b58\u4e00\u6837（*ptr\u3001memcpy）\u8bfb\u5199\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58；<\/li>\n
                                                                            • \u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6620\u5c04\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a shmid，\u4f1a\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58，\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab；<\/li>\n
                                                                            • \u6620\u5c04\u5730\u5740\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u79c1\u6709，\u4f46\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                              4. \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n

                                                                              \/\/ \u6620\u5c04\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914d\u5730\u5740，\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650）
                                                                              \nvoid* shm_addr = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
                                                                              \nif (shm_addr == (void*)-1) {
                                                                              \n perror("shmat failed");
                                                                              \n shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58
                                                                              \n return 1;
                                                                              \n}
                                                                              \ncout << "\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u6210\u529f，\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740：" << shm_addr << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                              \u4e09\u3001shmdt ()：\u89e3\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04<\/h4>\n

                                                                              1. \u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f<\/h5>\n\n\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                              \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/td>\nint shmdt(const void *shmaddr);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                              \u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/td>\n\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1，\u8bbe\u7f6eerrno（EINVAL \u8868\u793a\u5730\u5740\u65e0\u6548）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                              \u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n\u5c06\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4ece\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04，\u4e0d\u518d\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u5185\u5b58，\u4f46\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u672c\u8eab\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                                              2. \u53c2\u6570\u8be6\u89e3<\/h5>\n\n\u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49 & \u89c4\u5219<\/tr>\n\n\n
                                                                              shmaddr<\/td>\nshmat() \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740（\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5730\u5740）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                                              3. \u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027<\/h5>\n
                                                                                \n
                                                                              • shmdt() \u4ec5\u89e3\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6620\u5c04，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5；<\/li>\n
                                                                              • \u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u65f6，\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04，\u4f46\u5efa\u8bae\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528（\u89c4\u8303）；<\/li>\n
                                                                              • \u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04\u540e，\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u53ef\u518d\u8bbf\u95ee，\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef（SIGSEGV）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                                4. \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n

                                                                                \/\/ \u89e3\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04
                                                                                \nif (shmdt(shm_addr) == -1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmdt failed");
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n}
                                                                                \ncout << "\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u5df2\u89e3\u9664" << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                \u56db\u3001shmctl ()：\u63a7\u5236\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5（\u6838\u5fc3\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570）<\/h4>\n

                                                                                1. \u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f<\/h5>\n\n\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                                \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/td>\nint shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds *buf);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                \u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/td>\n\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0（\u6216\u5bf9\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f）；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1，\u8bbe\u7f6eerrno<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                \u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406（\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6743\u9650\u3001\u5220\u9664\u6bb5）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                                                2. \u53c2\u6570\u8be6\u89e3<\/h5>\n\n\u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49 & \u89c4\u5219<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                                shmid<\/td>\nshmget() \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                cmd<\/td>\n\u63a7\u5236\u547d\u4ee4（\u6838\u5fc3）：\u2460 IPC_STAT：\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u72b6\u6001，\u5b58\u5165 buf；\u2461 IPC_SET：\u4fee\u6539\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5c5e\u6027（\u5982\u6743\u9650），\u4ece buf \u8bfb\u53d6；\u2462 IPC_RMID：\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5（\u6700\u5e38\u7528）；\u2463 SHM_LOCK：\u9501\u5b9a\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（\u4e0d\u6362\u51fa\u5230\u4ea4\u6362\u533a）；\u2464 SHM_UNLOCK：\u89e3\u9501\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                buf<\/td>\n\u6307\u5411 struct shmid_ds \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u6307\u9488：\u2460 IPC_STAT\/IPC_SET：\u9700\u4f20\u5165\u6709\u6548\u6307\u9488；\u2461 IPC_RMID：\u53ef\u4f20\u5165 NULL（\u65e0\u9700\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53）\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                                                3. \u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 shmid_ds（\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5）<\/h5>\n

                                                                                struct shmid_ds {
                                                                                \n struct ipc_perm shm_perm; \/\/ \u6743\u9650\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53（uid\/gid\/\u6a21\u5f0f）
                                                                                \n size_t shm_segsz; \/\/ \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u5927\u5c0f（\u5b57\u8282）
                                                                                \n pid_t shm_lpid; \/\/ \u6700\u540e\u64cd\u4f5c\u8be5\u6bb5\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID
                                                                                \n pid_t shm_cpid; \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u8be5\u6bb5\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID
                                                                                \n shmatt_t shm_nattch;\/\/ \u5f53\u524d\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570
                                                                                \n time_t shm_atime; \/\/ \u6700\u540e\u6620\u5c04\u65f6\u95f4
                                                                                \n time_t shm_dtime; \/\/ \u6700\u540e\u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04\u65f6\u95f4
                                                                                \n time_t shm_ctime; \/\/ \u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4
                                                                                \n};<\/p>\n

                                                                                4. \u5e38\u7528\u573a\u666f\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n
                                                                                \u573a\u666f 1：\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5（\u6700\u5e38\u7528）<\/h6>\n

                                                                                \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5（\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04\u540e，\u5185\u6838\u91ca\u653e\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58）
                                                                                \nif (shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL) == -1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmctl IPC_RMID failed");
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n}
                                                                                \ncout << "\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u5df2\u5220\u9664" << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                \u573a\u666f 2：\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u72b6\u6001<\/h6>\n

                                                                                struct shmid_ds shm_info;
                                                                                \n\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f
                                                                                \nif (shmctl(shmid, IPC_STAT, &shm_info) == -1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmctl IPC_STAT failed");
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n}
                                                                                \ncout << "\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f：" << shm_info.shm_segsz << " \u5b57\u8282" << endl;
                                                                                \ncout << "\u5f53\u524d\u6620\u5c04\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570：" << shm_info.shm_nattch << endl;
                                                                                \ncout << "\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0bID：" << shm_info.shm_cpid << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                \u4e94\u3001\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570：ftok ()（\u751f\u6210\u552f\u4e00\u952e\u503c）<\/h4>\n

                                                                                1. \u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f<\/h5>\n\n\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
                                                                                \u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/td>\nkey_t ftok(const char *pathname, int proj_id);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                \u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/td>\n\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u552f\u4e00key_t\u952e\u503c；\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1，\u8bbe\u7f6eerrno<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                                                                \u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528<\/td>\n\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u9879\u76ee ID，\u751f\u6210\u552f\u4e00\u7684key，\u4f9bshmget()\u521b\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                                                                                2. \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n

                                                                                \/\/ \u751f\u6210\u552f\u4e00\u952e\u503c（pathname\u9700\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，proj_id\u53d61-255）
                                                                                \nkey_t key = ftok(".\/test.file", 1);
                                                                                \nif (key == -1) {
                                                                                \n perror("ftok failed");
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n}
                                                                                \ncout << "\u751f\u6210\u7684\u952e\u503c：" << hex << key << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                \u516d\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b（\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1）<\/h4>\n

                                                                                1. \u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b（shm_writer.cpp）<\/h5>\n

                                                                                #include <iostream>
                                                                                \n#include <sys\/ipc.h>
                                                                                \n#include <sys\/shm.h>
                                                                                \n#include <cstring>
                                                                                \n#include <cstdio><\/p>\n

                                                                                using namespace std;<\/p>\n

                                                                                #define SHM_KEY 0x1234
                                                                                \n#define SHM_SIZE 4096<\/p>\n

                                                                                int main() {
                                                                                \n \/\/ 1. \u521b\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58
                                                                                \n int shmid = shmget(SHM_KEY, SHM_SIZE, IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | 0666);
                                                                                \n if (shmid == -1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmget failed (exist: use IPC_CREAT only)");
                                                                                \n \/\/ \u82e5\u5df2\u5b58\u5728，\u5c1d\u8bd5\u83b7\u53d6
                                                                                \n shmid = shmget(SHM_KEY, SHM_SIZE, 0666);
                                                                                \n if (shmid == -1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmget get failed");
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n }
                                                                                \n }
                                                                                \n cout << "\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58shmid = " << shmid << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                \/\/ 2. \u6620\u5c04\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58
                                                                                \n void* shm_addr = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
                                                                                \n if (shm_addr == (void*)-1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmat failed");
                                                                                \n shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL);
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n }
                                                                                \n cout << "\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u6620\u5c04\u5730\u5740 = " << shm_addr << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                \/\/ 3. \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e
                                                                                \n const char* msg = "Hello from Shared Memory Writer!";
                                                                                \n memcpy(shm_addr, msg, strlen(msg)+1); \/\/ +1 \u5305\u542b\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26
                                                                                \n cout << "\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5df2\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e：" << msg << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                \/\/ 4. \u7b49\u5f85\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u53d6（\u6309\u56de\u8f66\u7ee7\u7eed）
                                                                                \n cout << "\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u6309\u56de\u8f66\u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58…" << endl;
                                                                                \n getchar();<\/p>\n

                                                                                \/\/ 5. \u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04
                                                                                \n if (shmdt(shm_addr) == -1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmdt failed");
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n }<\/p>\n

                                                                                \/\/ 6. \u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5
                                                                                \n if (shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL) == -1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmctl IPC_RMID failed");
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n }
                                                                                \n cout << "\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5df2\u5220\u9664" << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                return 0;
                                                                                \n}<\/p>\n

                                                                                2. \u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b（shm_reader.cpp）<\/h5>\n

                                                                                #include <iostream>
                                                                                \n#include <sys\/ipc.h>
                                                                                \n#include <sys\/shm.h>
                                                                                \n#include <cstring>
                                                                                \n#include <cstdio><\/p>\n

                                                                                using namespace std;<\/p>\n

                                                                                #define SHM_KEY 0x1234
                                                                                \n#define SHM_SIZE 4096<\/p>\n

                                                                                int main() {
                                                                                \n \/\/ 1. \u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（\u4ec5\u83b7\u53d6，\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa）
                                                                                \n int shmid = shmget(SHM_KEY, SHM_SIZE, 0666);
                                                                                \n if (shmid == -1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmget failed (no such shm)");
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n }
                                                                                \n cout << "\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58shmid = " << shmid << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                \/\/ 2. \u6620\u5c04\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58
                                                                                \n void* shm_addr = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
                                                                                \n if (shm_addr == (void*)-1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmat failed");
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n }
                                                                                \n cout << "\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u6620\u5c04\u5730\u5740 = " << shm_addr << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                \/\/ 3. \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e
                                                                                \n char buf[SHM_SIZE] = {0};
                                                                                \n memcpy(buf, shm_addr, SHM_SIZE);
                                                                                \n cout << "\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6570\u636e：" << buf << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                \/\/ 4. \u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04
                                                                                \n if (shmdt(shm_addr) == -1) {
                                                                                \n perror("shmdt failed");
                                                                                \n return 1;
                                                                                \n }
                                                                                \n cout << "\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u6620\u5c04\u5df2\u89e3\u9664" << endl;<\/p>\n

                                                                                return 0;
                                                                                \n}<\/p>\n

                                                                                \u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c<\/h5>\n

                                                                                # \u7f16\u8bd1
                                                                                \ng++ shm_writer.cpp -o shm_writer -std=c++11
                                                                                \ng++ shm_reader.cpp -o shm_reader -std=c++11<\/p>\n

                                                                                # \u7ec8\u7aef1：\u542f\u52a8\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u56de\u8f66）
                                                                                \n.\/shm_writer<\/p>\n

                                                                                # \u7ec8\u7aef2：\u542f\u52a8\u8bfb\u8fdb\u7a0b（\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e）
                                                                                \n.\/shm_reader<\/p>\n

                                                                                # \u7ec8\u7aef1：\u6309\u56de\u8f66，\u5199\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58<\/p>\n

                                                                                \u4e03\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h4>\n

                                                                                1. \u540c\u6b65\u95ee\u9898（\u6838\u5fc3\u5751\u70b9）<\/h5>\n
                                                                                  \n
                                                                                • \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u65e0\u5185\u7f6e\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236，\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5199\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u9519\u4e71；<\/li>\n
                                                                                • \u2705 \u89e3\u51b3：\u914d\u5408\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf（Semaphore）\/ \u4e92\u65a5\u9501（Mutex）\u5b9e\u73b0\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                                  2. \u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/h5>\n
                                                                                    \n
                                                                                  • shmctl(IPC_RMID) \u4ec5\u6807\u8bb0\u5220\u9664，\u9700\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04（shm_nattch=0）\u540e，\u5185\u6838\u624d\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58；<\/li>\n
                                                                                  • \u2705 \u907f\u5751：\u786e\u4fdd\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528 IPC_RMID，\u6216\u7528 ipcrm -m shmid \u624b\u52a8\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                                    3. \u67e5\u770b \/ \u5220\u9664\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58（\u547d\u4ee4\u884c）<\/h5>\n

                                                                                    # \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58
                                                                                    \nipcs -m<\/p>\n

                                                                                    # \u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9ashmid\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58
                                                                                    \nipcrm -m shmid<\/p>\n

                                                                                    4. \u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898<\/h5>\n
                                                                                      \n
                                                                                    • \u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u6743\u9650\u4f4d\u9700\u5408\u7406（\u5982 0666），\u5426\u5219\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee；<\/li>\n
                                                                                    • \u2705 \u8c03\u6574\u6743\u9650：shmctl(shmid, IPC_SET, &shm_info)（\u4fee\u6539 shm_perm.mode）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                                                      \u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
                                                                                    • \u6838\u5fc3\u51fd\u6570\u6d41\u7a0b：ftok() \u751f\u6210\u952e\u503c \u2192 shmget() \u521b\u5efa \/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6bb5 \u2192 shmat() \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740 \u2192 \u8bfb\u5199\u5185\u5b58 \u2192 shmdt() \u89e3\u9664\u6620\u5c04 \u2192 shmctl(IPC_RMID) \u5220\u9664\u6bb5；<\/li>\n
                                                                                    • \u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf：\u65e0\u6570\u636e\u62f7\u8d1d，\u662f\u6700\u5feb\u7684 IPC \u65b9\u5f0f；<\/li>\n
                                                                                    • \u6838\u5fc3\u6ce8\u610f：\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u540c\u6b65\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u6e05\u7406，\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u9519\u4e71\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f；<\/li>\n
                                                                                    • \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f：\u9ad8\u9891\u7387\u3001\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1（\u5982\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93）\u3002<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                                                      \u672c\u8282\u91cd\u70b9： \u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u4ecb\u7ecd \u7ba1\u9053 \u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217 \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 \u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u4e00.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u4ecb\u7ecd 1.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u76ee\u7684 \u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93：\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5b83\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b \u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab：\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 \u901a\u77e5\u4e8b\u4ef6：\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f，\u901a\u77e5\u5b83（\u5b83\u4eec）\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u4e8b\u4ef6（\u5982\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6\u8981\u901a\u77e5\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b）\u3002 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236：\u6709\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e0c\u671b\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":68672,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,43,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-68678","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-linux","tag-43","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nLinux_\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1 - 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